Practical Recommendations In Cattle

Practical recommendations in cattle Food conduct 1. The conduct of the cows milk ingredients: -Avoid the use of corn as a source of protein, for dairy cows to high production gluten because it decreases performance of production, as well as those of reproduction (memory 3rd cycle IAV Hassan II). Substitute the gluten of corn by the whole cotton seeds, they are very rich in energy and in protein. In addition, these seeds proteins are very balanced (in) (essential amino acids) than those of Corn gluten (memory 3rd cycle IAV) (Hassan II). -Examples of rations for a dairy cow (550 kg weight) (MADRPM / DE): Main food

Amount (kg)

Complementary concentrated food

Dairy expected (litre/day)

Alfalfa Green

50

6 kg barley (crushed) or 7 kg of beet pulp or well 3.3 kg barley + 3.5 beet pulp kg

25

Bersim Green

70

4 kg (crushed) barley or 4.7 kg of beet pulp or well 2.2 kg of barley +. 2.2 kg of beet pulp

15

Barley Green

40

1.5 kg (crushed) barley or 1.7 kg of beet pulp or well 0.8 barley kg +. 0.8 beet pulp kg

8

Hay of Viciaoats

10

This ration only covers maintenance requirements and does not allow the production milk, is why we need the workout with one of the mixtures of listed below concentrates.

nothing

Hay of alfalfa

11

5 kg barley or 6 kg of beet pulp or well 2.5 kg barley + 2.7 kg of pulp beet

17

Silage of Viciaoats

40

1.3 kg barley or 1.5 kg of beet pool or well 0.9 kg barley + 0.9 kg of beet pulp

6

Silage corn

35

2 kg of sunflower meal

13

-To improve the milk production, it recommends using mixtures of food concentrates. Are possible, constitutions of a mixture kg (MADRPM / DE): • • • •

700 400 500 100

g barley + 300 g of sunflower meal + 50 g of CMV; g barley + 600 + CMV; 50 bean g g pulp of beet + 500 g of bean + 50 CMV. barley + 900 g sound + 50 g of CMV.

-The first weeks of the far-off which lasts about 2 months, are characterized by a diet moderate, then that the last 3 weeks of gestation, the quantity and the type of food distributed to the cow are high to ensure all needs of gestation. This, prepares the calving the cow (MADRPM / DE). 2. The conduct of calves : For a calf, its first months of life are very important. That is why we need well take care of his power. Noting that the milk Breast is very essential for the calf during its first week (MADRPM / OF). This is what it is recommended for feeding calves (MADRPM / DE): Age (in weeks)

Breast milk Artificial milk * Number of (litre/day) (litre/day) meals

Concentrated food and hay of good quality.

First week

Colostrum

0

3

nothing

Second week

4

2

2

at will

3 to 4

2

4

2

at will

5-6

0

7

2

at will

7-8

0

7

2

at will

9-10

0

5

2

at will

11 to 12

0

2

1

at will

12 to 14

0

1

1

at will

*: To prepare a milk artificial, should dissolve 100 to 150 g milk powder in a litre of water warm (MADRPM / DE). *: As for the concentrated food and hay, they must be comprised of (MADRPM / DE): • •

For the Foin it is recommended: good quality; alfalfa hay And the concentrated or food a blend of: 75 to 80 % of crushed grain (barley or corn) + 15 to 20 % of grain oilseed meal or legumes (petit-pois, bean,....) + 5 % of CMV.

3. The conduct of taurillons: • • • •

The taurillons need energy, protein, minerals, vitamins and water (MADRPM / DA; 2005). The energy affouragements: maize, barley, straw, the pulp of beet, citrus pulp and molasses (MADRPM / DA; 2005); The protein affouragements: soybean meal, the meal of Sunflower, the bean, small pea, alfalfa and sound (MADRPM / DA; 2005). it is recommended to add vitamins to herd ratios at the beginning of every three months (MADRPM / DA; 2005) .

•

The decrease in the proportion of gross in the ration improves them (3rd memory) taurillons fattening growth performance cycle, IAV Hassan II). Taurillons feedlot needs are as follows: Live weight (kg)

Weight gain Energy (feed (g/d) GMQ unit) UF

150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

•

•

Digested (G/d) CA proteins calcium (g/d) MAD

Phosphorus (g/d) P

1000

3.3

380

27

14

1200

3.7

425

31

17

1000

3.9

425

30

16

1200

4.3

465

35

18

1000

4.4

465

34

19

1200

4.9

510

39

22

1000

5.0

505

37

22

1200

5.5

545

42

25

1000

5.5

540

41

26

1200

6.1

580

46

29

1000

6.1

575

45

31

1200

6.7

615

50

34

1000

6.6

610

50

33

1200

7.4

645

55

36

1000

7.3

645

55

35

1200

8.1

665

61

38

This We can recommend as rationing in the taurillons (MADRPM / DA; 2004) : o The straw or hay oat: 1 to 2 kg/head/day. o Mixture food concentrated: 2 to 2.5 kg for each 100 g of live weight of taurillon; o The salt : at will (we do mixture with the affourragement);. o The water : free. The molasses is also a good food for the taurillons fattening.Here is the composition of a ration of molasses for cattle-based in growth (MADRPM / DE):

• Ingredients

Percentage

Molasses

40

Straw crushed

12

Barley concassée

30

Meal Sunflower CMV Powder bone

15.5 2 0.5

Practical recommendations in cattle

Food storage - so that the cereal grains moisissent must be a good ventilation, a regular at remuage the shovel and a conservation in the shelter of the humidity.

-For the conservation forage, it is recommended that you use acid such as Conservatives formic acid (LE FOMOL) diluted 1/10th.

- for molasses: a tank 60 m 3 capacity. - concentrated foods : a storage area 10 m

2

(MADRPM/DE)

.

buildings

-Ensillage is stored in a silo. Silo type choice depends on how financial and the size of the herd. There is: •

•

Silo molehill: is to pack down the food on the ground and cover by a plastic without any borders, used for a reduced workforce.The advantage of this silo is that it is cheaper, it requires not to invest for the construction of borders, but it has a drawback is that the quality of silage is less; Silo Corridor: is to store the food between two walls concrete used for a workforce high. It requires investment, but it has some benefits: o Best quality of products to keep, because they can be better compressed,. especially sideways and better security conditions. o More material to ensile stored per m2 on the ground, the scope of the silo is reduced. o More easy to désiler, the height of silage along the edges is virtually the same height walls, there are therefore less loss on the edges. o More easy cover silage and make it watertight