Ponds At Brink

DR. T H RI V I K RAM J I K .P. (Re t d.) U N I V ERSI T Y OF K ERALA t hrivik ra m ji@gm a il.c om

PHYSIOGRAPHY & GEOLOGIC MAKEUP, KERALA

CLASS

ELEV., M

HIGH HIGHLAND

> 600.0

HIGHLAND

75.0 - 600.0

MIDLAND COASTAL LAND

8.0

75.0

<8.0

AREA, KM2

ROCK FOMATIONS

PRE-CAMBRIANCRYSTALLINE 7420 ROCKS CHARNOCKITES, KHONDALITES, GRANITE INTRUSIVES, 14357 YOUNGER DYKES LATERITE COVER AT LOWER ALTITUDES 13476

LATERITE COVER W/ CRYSTALLINE CORE

3610

TERTIARY SEDIMENTARY ROCKS & BEACH ALLUVIAM

PONDS: GENERIC TYPES

LOCATION

NATURE

RELATION TO WATER TABLE

HIGHLAND MIDLAND EPHEMERAL INFLUENT LOWLAND PERENNIAL EFFLUENT

PONDS: SOCIO-CULTURAL TYPES

Private

Small, <1.0

Shallow,<1.0

Temple

Intermediate, 1.0 -10.0

Medium, 1.1-2.0

Community Large, >10.0

Deep, >2.1

WT

WT

A. NATURAL

B. CULTURAL

RECLAIMED POND, TRIVANDRUM

ROWING POOL IN OLD TIME POND, TRIVANDRUM

OFFICE COMPLEX IN FILLED POND, TRIVANDRUM

SUBURBAN POND, TRIVANDRUM

INTENSIVELY FARMED TRACT, SUBURBAN TRIVANDRUM

SOURCE OF QUICK SUPPLY OF SEDIMENT

TEMPLE POND, TIRUANNAMALAI

TEMPLE POND, MYLAPORE, CHENNAI

PADDY FARMS, NANJINADU, NAGERKOVIL

STORAGE POND , NANJINADU, NAGERKOVIL

STORAGE POND , NANJINADU, NAGERKOVIL

STORAGE POND , NANJINADU, NAGERKOVIL

COMMUNITY POND, VEERAVANALLUR, TN

TEMPLE POND, VELLANKULI, TN

FAM I LY -WEALT H EQU I T Y DECREE OF M AH ARAJ A; EM I GRAT I ON T O CI T I ES AN D T OWN S; SH I FT T O PLAN T AT I ON CROPS; I RRI GAT I ON AN D PI PED WAT ER SU PPLY ; GREEN REV OLU T I ON AN D N EW AGRO-CH EM I CALS J OI N T LY LED T O SH EER DI SU SE OF ALL BU T T EM PLE PON DS. I DEN T I FI CAT I ON OF COM M U N I T Y PON DS AS FREE-H OLD-LAN D FOR DEV ELOPM EN T . EM PH ASI S ON WAT ER CON SERV AT I ON AT AN ALL T I M E H I GH ACROSS T H E COU N T RY . LEAST OF ALL WAT ER RESOU RCE SCEN ARI O DU E T O CLI M AT E CH AN GE I S AN T Y T H I N G BU T COM FORT I N G.

Y EST ER-CEN T U RI ES I N DI GEN OU S SOLU T I ON FOR COM M U N I T Y WAT ER PROBLEM S M ODERN I N DI A H ARDLY U N DERST OOD N EED & SCI EN CE OF SU ST AI N I N G PON DS ACROSS T H E COU N T RY . POPU LAT I ON EX PLOSI ON H U GELY RAI SED DI RECT & I N DI RECT PERCAPI T A WAT ER DEM AN D. K ERALA N EEDS A DAT A BASE OF PON DS WI T H GEOSPAT I AL REFEREN CI N G & M APPED ON CADAST RAL SCALE T O SU ST AI N PON DS FOR POST ERI T Y AN D WAT ER SECU RI T Y N EW SLOGAN SH ALL BE CON SERV E WAT ER; CON SERV E PON DS FOR A SECU RE FU T U RE