Phonetics And Phonology Exercises

UNIVERSIDAD DE CARABOBO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE EDUCACIÓN DEPARTAMENTO DE IDIOMAS MODERNOS CÁTEDRA: GRAMATICA Y LINGÜÍSTICA INGLESA ASIGNATURA: LINGÜÍSTICA APLICADA

The term phonetics refers to the description of speech sound (how they are made, transmitted and received). While the term phonology refers to the way those sounds are organized into the individual languages.

Phonetics

Sounds

Articulatory (It studies how sounds are produced) Acoustic (It studies how sounds are perceived) Segmentals (Consonants & vowels) Suprasegmentals (Stress, rhythm, intonation…)

Phoneme: it is the smallest unit of speech which has meaning. (Consonants and vowels)

Allophone: It is the variation of a sound (phoneme).

Consonant phonemes:

BILABIAL

STOP

LABIODENTAL

DENTAL

ALVEOLAR

/θ// /+

/t//d/+ /S//Z/+

/p//b/+ /f//v/+

FRICATIVE

RETROFLEX

ALVEOPALATAL

PALATAL

VELAR

GLOTTAL

/k//g/+ /∫//3/+

/h/-

/t∫//d3/+

AFFRICATE LATERAL

/l/+

NASAL

/m/+ APPROXIMANTS

/n/+

/w/*+ /r/+ *NOTE: labio-velar *Voicing: voiced (+) and voiceless (-)

/η/+ /j/+

Phonetic criteria: 1. Point of articulation: bilabial, dental, labiodental, alveolar, alveo-palatal, palatal, velar, glottal, and uvular. 2. Manner of articulation: plosive, fricative, affricate, nasal, approximant, laterals and retroflex.

3. Voicing: voiced and voiceless. Vowel phonemes:

Phonetic criteria: 1. Height of tongue: high, mid, and low. 2. Part of the tongue involved: front, central, and back. 3. Position of the lips: rounded and unrounded. EXERCISES:

1) Identify the sound that does not fit into the string. Explain.

Speech sounds

m

p

b

θ

t

n

s

f

t∫

∫

d

d3

u:

ә

i:

e

2) Mark the two words that contain a silent consonant. brother listen writer cinema music house know

says book 3) Read the following groups of words, and transcribe them. Then, select which word has a different sound.  look good blood foot ____________________________  dead mean bread head ____________________________  fruit suit juice built ____________________________  sons girls dreams books _____________________________  pen red ten bee _____________________________ 4) Transcribe the following sentences, and circle all bilabial and fricative sounds.  A couple of brushes _________________________________  I wish I could see a real witch _________________________________  She is at the store _________________________________  Peter likes drinking Pepsi _________________________________ 5) Put a check √ next to the word that have front vowels, and circle the vowel phoneme.  ____talk  ____keep  ____already  ____dollar  ____dream  ____before  ____wonder  ____October

6) Describe the following phonemes. /e/_______________________________ /η/_______________________________ /∫/________________________________ /ә/________________________________ /i:/________________________________ /u:/________________________________

/d/________________________________ /t/________________________________ /p/_______________________________ /w/_______________________________ /g/_______________________________

7) Choose the corresponding phoneme for the following criteria. Bilabial, stop, voiceless______ low, central, unrounded______ High, back, rounded______ Fricative, alveolar, voiceless_______ Lateral, alveolar______ Approximants, palatal_______ Nasal, velar, voiced______ back, mid, rounded_______ 8) Circle and correct the errors in the following transcribed sentences.  It is a lost cause __________________________________  It is all right __________________________________  I’ve been in The USA for two years __________________________________  I cooked onions for lunch __________________________________  The prince of Persia __________________________________ 9) Decode the following message. Phonemic symbols represent the sounds of the English language. __________________________________________________________________________ Using them can be a valuable tool __________________________________________________ to improving your students' pronunciation. _________________________________________________________ 10) Describe the following phonemes (consonants & vowels). p k f e ∫

m g s i: n

b r z w m

v u t∫ l θ