Philippine-clean-air-act-of-1999.pdf

THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999 (R.A. 8749)

Republic Act No. 8749 The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 • An act, which is a consolidation of House Bill 6216 and Senate Bill No. 1255, passed by House of Representatives on May 10, 1999 and Senate on May 13, 1999. • An act providing for a comprehensive air pollution control policy.

General Provisions

Declaration of Principles •* The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. * The State recognizes the principle that “Polluters must pay” * The State recognizes that clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and should therefore be the concern of all.

What is Air Pollutant? Composition of Air (% by Volume) Nitrogen – 78% Oxygen – 21% Other gases – 1%

• Any matter found in the atmosphere other than oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and the inert gases in their natural or normal concentrations, that is detrimental to health or the environment.

Two Sources of Air Pollution 1. Natural Sources • • • •

Eruption of Volcano Forest Fire Sand Storm Pollen Grains

2. Man Made Sources a) Mobile Source

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b) Stationary Source

c) Area Source  Examples: Burning of Solid Wastes  Fugitive Dust from Development Projects

Unpaved Roads

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2012 EMISSION INVENTORY: NATIONWIDE

2012 EMISSION INVENTORY: NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

EMISSION FROM DIFFERENT STATIONARY SOURCES

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Types of Air Sampling a) Source Sampling activities

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Source Sampling activities - conducted by accredited third party source emission testing firm

b) Motor Vehicle Emission Testing - Conducted by participating LGU and EMB Central Office.

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c) Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) Metro Manila Monitoring Stations - Managed by EMB Central and - National Capital Region (NCR)

Real Time Monitoring Station located in PAL Compound Pasay City

Manual Monitoring Station located in Marikina City

Manual Ambient Monitoring Stations

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Effects to Human Health & Environment

Air Pollutants Pollutants

Health

Environment

Particulates (TSP, PM10, PM2.5)

Decreases lung function Causes heart ailments, Causes premature death.

Visibility reduction Environmental Damage Aesthetic Damage

Sulfur Oxides (Sox) Colorless gas with strong suffocating odor

Causes eye irritation and breathing difficulties. Exposure associated with increases risk of mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular disease

Reacts with water and oxygen to form acid rain

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Reddish brown gas with irritating odor, by product of incomplete combustion from vehicles.

Has adverse respiratory effects including airway inflammation and increase respiratory symptoms.

Major source of photochemical smog Contributes global warming Hampers plants growth

Air Pollutants Ground Level Ozone Colorless gas with pungent irritating odor

Triggers chest pain, coughing, throat irritation, and congestion. Worsens bronchitis, NOX +VOC + Heat & Sunlight emphysema, and asthma = Ozone

Affects vegetation and ecosystem

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Colorless, odorless gas , by product of incomplete combustion

Reduces the oxygen-carrying Contributes to the capacity of the blood. At formation of smog, groundextremely high levels, can level ozone, cause death

Lead (Pb)

Affects nervous system, kidney function, immune system, reproductive and developmental and cardiovascular system

Affects Ecosystem

National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values for Criteria Pollutants (Sec 1, Rule VII) Short Term Pollutants

LongTerm

ug/Ncm

Averaging Time

ug/Ncm

Averaging Time

230 150

24 hours 24 hours

90 60

1 yeare 1 yeare

Sulfur Dioxidec

180

24 hours

80

1 year

Nitrogen Dioxide

150

24 hours

Ozone

140 60

1 hour 8 hours

35 mg/Ncm 10 mg/Ncm

1 hour 8 hours

1.5

3 monthsg

1.0

1 year

Suspended Particulate Matterc TSP PM 10

Carbon Monoxide Lead

DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 2013-13 “Establishing the Provisional National Guideline Values for PM2.5 ” PM 2.5 National Air Quality Guideline Values, ug/NCM Short Term (24 Hr)

Long Term (Annual)

Implementation Period

75

35

Upon effectivity date of DAO until Dec. 31, 2015

50

25

January 1,2016

How Big is Particulate Matter? Size Fractions of TSP, PM10 & PM2.5

Air Pollution Clearances and Permits for Stationary Sources • Sec. 1, Rule XIX. Permit Regulations Section 1, Rule XIX of the IRR of RA 8749 as amended by DAO 2004-26, requires “All sources of air pollution must have a valid Permit to Operate”.

Permit to Operate • refers to the legal authorization granted by the Environmental Management Bureau to operate or maintain any installation for a specified period of time

Two Types of “Permit to Operate”

- Regular “Permit to Operate” valid for 5 years and - Temporary “Permit to Operate” valid for 3 months

PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS Air Pollution Source Installation/Activity Any activity, structure, equipment, facility or appurtenances, wherein its operation is a potential source of air pollution.

Air Pollution Control Device/Facility Any device or apparatus used to prevent, control or abate the pollution of air caused by emissions from identified pollution sources (i.e. cyclone, scrubber, filter baghouse, impingement tanks, electrostatic precipitator etc.)

Air Pollution Installation & Air Pollution Control Device

Air Pollution Source Installations

Steam Generating Boiler

Blast Furnace

Air Pollution Source Installations

Bunker Oil Fired Boiler

Air Pollution Source Installations

Diesel Generator

Gasoline Station

Air Pollution Control Device TWIN CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR

WATER SCRUBBER SYSTEM

ACTIVATED CARBON BED ADSORBER ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

AIR POLLUTION SOURCE INSTALLATION APPLICATION FORM • RENEWAL OF PERMIT • NEW INSTALLATIONS • * down load in www.emb.gov.ph

INSTRUCTIONS

• Fully accomplish the form and complete all the supporting documents. • Submit all documents in duplicate copies to permitting Section for screening/evaluation. • Received application shall be acted upon within thirty (30) working days and you shall be informed of our action accordingly.

Supporting Documents Engineer’s Report prepared by the Pollution Control Officer and approved by the

• • • • • • •

• •

President/General Manager with at least containing the following: Company profile Amount of raw materials and finished products Material balance Process flow diagram indicating all sources of air emission or possible air emission Brief description of process. List of APSI and corresponding air pollution control facility (APCF) with complete specifications Discussion of each APSI & APCF showing the process/mode of operation, design criteria & efficiencies of the APCF, the quantities & types of pollutants in the final emissions. Discussion of mitigating measures undertaken if APSI is not provided with APCF Estimated Annual Mass Rate of the regulated air pollutants in tons/year.

Drawing Requirements Plan/Elevation Drawing with the following:  Vicinity Map  Plant & Machinery Layout showing the connection of the APSI to APCF  Plan & Elevation Drawings of each APSI & APCF  Sectional Drawing of APCF Must be drawn in 50 cm by 90 cm signed by the President/General Manager and duly signed by PME/CHE or any from the two.

Supporting Documents  Copy of the Certificate of Accreditation of the Pollution Control Office, or appointment/designation as such by the Managing Head.

 Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) or Certificate of NonCoverage (CNC) copy.  Source Emission Test Requirement (if required).  Copy of Recent “Permit to Operate” issued by the Office. Copy of Discharge Permit , if applicable.  Copy of Hazardous Waste Generator Registration ID, if applicable.  Copy of SEC Registration Certificate & Articles of Incorporation  Copy of DTI Registration Certificate 11 Proof of compliance to permit conditions (if required).

Rule XIX (DAO 2000-81) MC-2007-003 of Annex 1 1.2 Previous Requirements “ data gathering techniques acceptable to the Bureau” - that emission calculation based on the recognized emission factors such as US EPA’s AP42 publication.

Computation of Estimated Emissions from Source using EPA AP 42 Emission Factors

Emission Factor is a representative value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with an activity associated with the release of that pollutant. This is commonly used to calculate emissions when stack monitoring data are not available.

General Equation E = A x EF x (1-ER/100) where: E = emissions EF = emission factor A = Activity ER = Overall emission reduction efficiency

EPA AP-42 Emission Factors, (Lbs/1000 gal. fuel burned) External Combustion A. Boilers

PM

CO

NOx

SO2

SO3

VOC

A. Bunker Oil < 100 million BTU/hr or 293.3 MW

10

5

55

157 (S) at 3% S = 471

2 (S)

1.28

> 100 million BTU/hr or 293.3 MW

9.19 (S) + 3.22

5

47

157 (S) at 3% S = 471

5.7(S)

B. Diesel < 100 million BTU/hr or 293.3 MW

5

5

20

112 (S)

0.252

2

5

24

157 (S)

0.252

> 100 million BTU/hr or 293.3 MW

EPA AP-42 Emission Factors, (Lbs/1000 gal. fuel burned) Internal Combustion (i.e Gen Sets) A. Diesel Fuel

PM

CO

NOx

SOx

VOC

<600 Hp or 588.24 KW

41.49

127.1

590.2

38.31

48.18

> 600 Hp or 588.24 KW

13.38

133.8

428.3

133.835 (S)

12.045

Sample Calculation for Estimated Annual Mass Rate for Diesel Engine Generator Set • Source : 100 Kw “ Cummins” Generator Set – Fuel Consumption = 7.4 Gallons /hr. – No. of hrs operated/year = 60 hrs – Fuel Consumption/year = 444 gals/year – No Air Pollution Control Device

E = A x EF x (1-ER/100) A = Activity (Fuel Consumption/yr) EF = Emission Factor No APCD: (1-0) = 1 EPA AP-42 Emission Factors, (Lbs/1000 gal. fuel burned <600 Hp or 588.24 KW PM – 41.49 NOx – 590.2 VOC - 48.14 CO – 127.1 SOx – 38.31

Particulate Matter (PM) Emission Factor = 41.49 lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned PM = 444 gal/yr x 41.49 lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 18.29 lbs/yr/2.2 = 8.31 kgs/yr = .00831 MT/yr

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Emission factor = 127.1 lbs/1000 gallons of fuel burned NOx = 444 gal/yr x 127.1 lbs x (1 – 0) 1000 gal = 56.43 lbs/yr/2.2 = 25.65 kgs/yr = .02565 MT/yr.

Nitrogen Dioxide (NOx) Emission Factor = 590.2 lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned PM = 444 gal/yr x 590.2 lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 262.05 lbs/yr/2.2 = 119.11 kgs/yr = .119 MT/yr

Sulfur Dioxide (SOx) Emission factor = 38.31 lbs/1000 gallons of fuel burned NOx = 444 gal/yr x 38.31 lbs x (1 – 0) 1000 gal = 17 lbs/yr/2.2 = 7.73 kgs/yr = .0077 MT/yr.

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Factor = 48.14 lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned PM = 444 gal/yr x 48.14 lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 21.37 lbs/yr/2.2 = 9.71 kgs/yr = .0097 MT/yr

Steam Generating Installation / Boiler • Source: 100 Hp “Chuan Li” LSFO-fired Boiler • Fuel Consumption: 3,000 liters/month = 9,810 gal/year • Using Table in AP 42 5th Edition: < 100 million BTU/hr

• No Air Pollution Control Device E = A x EF x (1-ER/100) A = Activity (Fuel Consumption/yr) EF = Emission Factor No APCD: (1-0) = 1

EPA AP-42 Emission Factors, (Lbs/1000 gal. fuel burned) <100 Million BTU/hr or 293.26 MW PM – 10 CO – 5 NOx – 55 SOx: SO2 – 157 (S) SO3 – 2(S) VOC -1.284

• Particulate Matter (PM) Emission Factor = 10 lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned PM = 9810 gal/yr x 10 lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 98.10 lbs/yr/2.2 = 44.59 kgs/yr. = .04 MT/year

• Carbon Monoxide (CO) Emission factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons of fuel burned NOx = 9810 gal/yr x 5 lbs x (1 – 0) 1000 gal = 49.05 lbs/yr/2.2 = 22.29 kgs/yr = .02 MT/yr.

• Sulfur Dioxides (SOx) Emission Factor = 157 (S) lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned if sulfur content of LSFO is 1% SO2= 9810 gal/yr x 157 (1) lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 1,540 lbs/yr/2.2 = 700 kgs/yr = 0.7 MT/yr SO3= 9810 gal/yr x 2 (1) lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 19.62 lbs/yr/2.2 =8.91kgs/yr = 0.0089 MT/yr

• Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Emission factor = 55 lbs/1000 gallons of fuel burned NOx = 9810 gal/yr x 55 lbs x (1 – 0) 1000 gal = 539.55 lbs/yr /2.2 = 245.25 kgs/yr = .245 MT/yr.

• Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emission Factor = 1.28 lbs/1,000 gal of fuel burned PM = 9810 gal/yr x 1.28 lbs x ( 1 – 0) 1,000 gal = 12.56 lbs/yr/2.2 = 5.7 kgs/yr = .0057 MT/yr

Steps for applying the permit 1. Pre - evaluation of documents 2. Go to accounting section to get Order of Payment 3. Pay to cashier the processing fee of 80 pesos 4. Proceed to Records Section to received the application.

Steps to get the issued Permit 1. If you have the APA – approval of permit application 2. Go to Accounting Section to get Order of Payment 3. Proceed to Cashier Section to pay the computed permit fee. Payable to EMB-NCR 4. Claim your permit at the Records Section 5. Check the permit before you received

PERMIT CONDITIONS FOR NEW INSTALLATIONS

Permit Conditions By _given month_submit the following: •Updated Certificate of Accreditation of appointed PCO; •Reduction/Mitigation Plan on the activities that potentially may contribute greenhouse gases or global warming, including its timetable of implementation; and •Source Emission Test (SET) report for NOx/PM on the __name of installation to be tested__.

Include ambient PM10 and SO2 monitoring data in every__assign quarter___ submission of the SMR. Samplings should be done at an elevation of at least two (2) meters above the ground level and should be conducted at a downwind & upwind distance of 5 to 20 times the height of the stack.

required issuance

Install a closed circuit television (CCTV) camera on the stack of your boiler/furnace with receiver located in the boiler/furnace room. Said camera shall be web-based and capable of real-time viewing with night vision and readily accessible by our Office, DENREMB. Submit proof of compliance by ___assign month______.

Date of Memorandum 30 Oct 2014 Installation of CCTV camera on stacks of Fuel Burning Equipment as per DAO 2008-81

REQUIREMENTS FOR PERMIT RENEWAL • Latest four quarters of SMR • First page with received copy, module 4 and last page with notary. • Copy of the latest Permit to Operate • Copy of SET report with received copy and summary of Emission Test. • Copy of PCO Certificate of Accreditation

Self Monitoring Report (SMR) – Module 4 Summary of APSE/APCF Process Eqpt/Storage Facility

Location

Mixer

Process bldg.

100

Fuel storage Tank

Shaded Area

2208

Fuel Burning Eqpt

Location

Fuel Used

# of hrs of operation

Quantity Consumed

# of hrs of operations

150 Hp Boiler

Back of process bldg.

Bunker oil

4,000

300

200 Hp Boiler

Back of process bldg

Bunker oil

6,000

350

Pollution Control Facility

Location

# of hrs of operation

Water Scrubber System

Tapped to 2 boilers

350

Cost of Treatment

Month 1

Month 2

Month 3

Cost of Person employed, (salary)

P 12,000

P 12,000

P 12,000

30

32

28

-

-

-

100

120

80

Total Consumption of Water (cubic meters) Total Cost of chemicals used (e.g., activated carbon, KMnO4) Total Consumption of Electricity (KwH)

Sample Permit To Operate

SOURCE EMISSION TEST REQUIREMENTS Memorandum Circular 2007-003 (Compliance to Testing Requirements) • Boiler rated at less than 50 Hp • Generator set rated at less than 300 KW (regardless of frequency of operation) • Source that has the potential to emit less than 10 tons per year Emission testing not required Small Source

Small Source • Boiler rated at less than 50 Hp to 100 HP • Generator set rated at less than 300 KW to 599 KW (regardless of frequency of operation) • Source that has the potential to emit 10 to < 30 tons per year Emission testing required once every two years * each test shall consist of three sampling runs

Medium Sized Source: • Boiler with rated capacity from 100 to 250 Hp • Generator set with rated capacity of 600 KW and above (regardless of the frequency of operation) from MC 2009-004 (Amending MC 2007-003) • Source that has the potential to emit 30 to <100 tons per year -Emission Testing annually * each test shall consist of three sampling runs

Large Source • Boiler with rated capacity of 251 Hp or greater • Source that has the potential to emit 100 tons or more per year -Testing is twice (2x) per year * each test shall consist of three sampling runs

Pollution From Stationary Sources National Emission Standard for Source Specific Air Pollutants Pollutant

Standard Applicable to Source

Particulates

1. Fuel Burning Equipment a) Urban and Industrial Area b) Other area

150 200

2. Cement Plants (kilns, etc.)

150

3. Smelting Furnaces

150

4. Other Stationary Sources

200

NOx

1. Manufacture of Nitric Acid 2. Fuel Burning Steam Generators a) Existing Source b) New Source Coal-Fired Oil-Fired

Maximum Permissible Limits (mg/Ncm)

2,000 as acid & NO2 1,500 as NO2

1,000 as NO2 500 as NO2

Pollutant

NOx

Standard Applicable to Source

3. Diesel Powered Electricity Generators 4. Any source other that 1, 2, 3 Existing Source New Source

Sulfur Oxides 1. Existing Sources a) Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid Old Installation: and Sulf(on)ation Process Installed & Operated b) Fuel Burning Equipment before 11/26/2000 c) Other Stationary Sources New Installation: Installed & Operated on or after 11/26/2000

2. New Sources a) Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid and Sulf(on)ation Process b) Fuel Burning Equipment c) Other Stationary Sources

Maximum Permissible Limits (mg/Ncm) 2,000 as NO2

1,000 as NO2 500 as NO2

2,000 as SO3 1,500 as SO2 1,000 as SO3

1,500 as SO3 700 as SO2 200 as SO3

Pollutant

Standard Applicable to Source

Maximum Permissible Limits (mg/Ncm)

Carbon Monoxide Any Industrial Source

500 as CO

Lead

Any trade, industry or process

10 as Pb

Mercury

Any Source

5 as elemental Hg

Nickel and its Cmpds.

Any Source

20 as Ni

Copper and its Cmpds

Any Source

100 as Cu

Cadmium and its Cmpds

Any Source

10 as Cd

Arsenic and its Cmpds.

Any Source

10 as AS

Grounds for Suspension or Revocation of Permit • Non-compliance or violation of any provision of the Act • False or inaccurate information given in the permit application • False or inaccurate information in the monitoring data or report • Refusal to allow inspection conducted by EMB • Non payment of appropriate fees • Other valid purposes

Fines and Penalties for Violation of the Act • Pursuant to Section 45, Chapter 6 of RA 8749, for violation of actual exceedance of air quality standards, the Pollution Adjudication Board (PAB) shall impose a fine of not more than One Hundred Thousand Pesos (PhP100,000.00) for every day of violation against the owner of the source. Cease and desist order shall also be issued by the PAB.

• Pursuant to Section 47, Chapter 6 of RA 8749, for violation of other provisions, a fine of not less than Ten Thousand Pesos (P 10,000.00) but not more than One Hundred Thousand Pesos (P 100,000) or six (6) months to six (6) years imprisonment or both shall be imposed for violators.

OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT Prohibited Acts • Emission of Fugitive Particulates • Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds or Solvent Nuisance • Conduct of Open Burning Activity • Banning of Incineration.

Pollution From Other Sources Section 1. Ban on Smoking

The LGU shall, within 6 months from affectivity of these IRR, implement or enforce ban on smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public vehicles and or other means of transport or in any enclosed area outside of one’s private residence, private place of work or any duly designated smoking area which shall be enclosed.

Section 2. Regulation of Other Sources The DOTC shall regulate and implement emission standards on mobile sources other than those referred to under Section 21 of the Act.

Part IX. Pollution From Motor Vehicles- DOTC thru LTO • Emission Control for New Motor Vehicles • Emission Control for In-Use Motor Vehicles • National Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program • Roadside Inspection of Motor Vehicles.

Part X. Fuels, Additives, Substances and Pollutants • Mechanism for Setting Fuel SpecificationsDOE, Bu. Of Product Standards of DTI, DOST, representatives of fuel & automotive industries, academe. • Specification of Allowable Additive Content • Review & Revision of Fuel Specifications • Monitoring Compliance through Fuel Sampling

Can we still regain the clean environment of old Manila?

Reduce Air Pollution and increase your life span.

DENR POLICY • MALINIS NA KAPALIGIRAN AT MAYAMANG KALIKASAN PARA SA BUONG SAMBAYANAN *SALAMAT PO…

DIRECTORY Office of the Regional Director - 931-1331 Permitting Section - 931-2954 / 931-2397 Monitoring and Enforcement Section 931-2684 / 931-3506 Records Section – 931-2654 Web Site: www.ncr.emb.gov.ph