Personality And Values Chap 4

PERSONALITY AND VALUES CHAP # 4 PRESENTED TO: MR. SHAHKOOR

PRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD UMAIR FAHAD NAEEM

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WHT IS PERSONALITY ? • A brief definition would be that personality is made up of the characteristic set of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. In addition to this, personality arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life.

Personlaity determinants. • A person’s personlaity is the result of environmental and inheritance factors.But research in personality development better supports inheritence factor. Personality Personality Determinants Determinants • •Heredity Heredity • •Environment Environment • •Situation Situation

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types. Personality PersonalityTypes Types • •Extroverted Extrovertedvs. vs.Introverted Introverted(E (EororI)I) • •Sensing Sensingvs. vs.Intuitive Intuitive(S(SororN) N) • •Thinking Thinkingvs. vs.Feeling Feeling(T(TororF) F) • •Judging Judgingvs. vs.Perceiving Perceiving(P (PororJ)J)

The Big Five Personality Modle. • Extraversion

(sometimes called Surgency).

Its broad dimension includes talkative, energetic, and assertive.

• Agreeableness Includes traits like sympathetic, kind, and affectionate.

Count,

• Conscientiousness Includes traits like organized, thorough, and planful.

• Neuroticism (sometimes reversed and called Emotional Stability). Includes traits like tense, moody, and anxious .

• Openness to Experience Intellect/Imagination).

(sometimes called Intellect or

Includes traits like having wide interests, and being imaginative and insightful.

Modle Of How Big Five Traits Influence OB Criteria • Big Five Trait • Emotional stability

Why It Is Relevant? Less negative Thinking & fewer Negative emotion.

What Dose It Effect? . higher job & satisfaction Lower stress

•

Extraversion

better interpersonal skill Greater social dominance More emotionally express

higher job & satisfaction enhanced leadership higher performance

•

Openness

•

Agreeableness

increased learning More creative More flexible better liked More complaint and confirming

higher performance enhanced leadership more adoptable to change higher performance lower level of deviant behavior

•

Conscientiousness

greater effort & persistence More drive and discipline Better organized planning

higher performance enhanced leadership greater longevity

Type Of Personality. They are two type of personality • ‘A’ type personality • ‘B’ type personality ‘A’ type personality Demand more and more in less time they do not afford to be lazy and want to do more then one thinks at a time they are always moving walking and eating rapidly

Example of ‘A’ Type personality. In the North American Culture they have obtained successful achievement of material goods.

‘B’ type personality. Exactly opposite of type A personality. They do not bother to do many things at once in an ever decreasing time they usually relax without guilt

Values Definition: Mode of conduct or end state is personally or socially preferable (i.e., what is right & good) Terminal Values Desirable End States Instrumental Values The ways/means for achieving one’s terminal values Value System: A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual’s values in terms of their intensity

Importance Of Value • Provide understanding of the attitudes, motivation, and behaviors of individuals and cultures. • Influence our perception of the world around us. • Represent interpretations of “right” and “wrong.” • Imply that some behaviors or outcomes are preferred over others

Type Of Value • Terminal Values Desirable end-states of existence; the goals that a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime

• Instrumental Values Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving one’s terminal values

Terminal Value

Values across Cultures: Hofstede’s Framework • A brief definition would be that personality is made up of the characteristic set of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. In addition to this, personality arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life.

Values across Cultures: Hofstede’s Framework • • • • •

Power Distance Individualism vs. Collectivism Masculinity vs. Femininity Uncertainty Avoidance Long-term and Short-term orientation

Hofstede’s Framework for Assessing Cultures • Power Distance The extent to which a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally. Low distance: relatively equal power between those with status/wealth and those without status/wealth High distance: extremely unequal power distribution between those with status/wealth and those without status/wealth

Hofstede’s Framework (cont’d) • Individualism The degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than a member of groups. • VS

Individualism The degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than a member of groups.

Organizational Culture Profile (OCP) • Useful for determining person-organization fit • Survey that forces choices/rankings of one’s personal values • Helpful for identifying most important values to look for in an organization (in efforts to create a good fit)

THANX