Paper 2 > Biology 1997 Paper 2

HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITY HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 1997 BIOLOGY PAPER II 1 . The dichotomous key below lists some features of four plants P, R and S : 1a with flowing ………………………p 1b without flowers……………………2 2a with seeds…………………………q 2b without seeds……………………..3 3a with chlorophyll…………………..R 3b without chlorophyll……………….S . Which of the four plants is an alga ? A. P B. Q C. R D. S 2 . Which of the following are correct descriptions of the plant shown in the diagram below ?

(1) It produces spores. (2) It has roots and stems. (3) It from fruits. A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1) , (2) and (3) 3 . Which of the following processes is carried out by osmosis ? A. the upward transport of water in the xylem B. the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney tubules C. the return of tissue fluid into the blood capillaries D. the uptake of mineral salts from the soil into the root 4 . The graph below shows the effect of the change in the external concentration of an ion on the concentration of ion within some plant cells :

Which of the following conclusion(s) can be drawn from the graph ? (1) The ion is taken up by the cells against a concentration gradient. (2) The uptake of the ion occurs only in living cells. (3) The cell membrane becomes impermeable to the when the external ion concentration reaches 2×10 –3 mol kg –1 A. (1) only B. (3) only C. (1) and (2) only C. (2) and (3) only 5 . Which of the following processes in human body does not involve enzymes ? A. oxidation of glucose in cells B. formation of urea in the liver C. emulsification of oil in the duodenum D. conversion of glucose into glycogen in the liver 6 . The diagrams bellows three types of human cells :

All three types of cells A. can move. B. have a nucleus. C. have a cell membrane. D. can undergo cell division. 7 . The diagram below shows a certain stage of cell division :

Which of the following is correct ? Type of cell Number of division in each daughter cell

chromosomes

A. mitosis 2 pairs B. mitosis 4 pairs C. meiosis 2 D. meiosis 4 8. Which of the following is a correct comparison between holozoic and saprophytic nutrition ? Holozoic Saprophytic nutrition nutrition A. involves no ingestion ingestion of food of food B. digestion digestion occurs outside occurs inside the cells the cells C. builds up breaks down complex organic complex food organic food D. carried out carried out by mammals by mosses 9 . Tapeworm is well adapted to its mode of nutrition because (1) it secretes enzymes to digest food. (2) it has large surface area for food absorption. (3) it attaches itself to its host with hooks and suckers A.(1) and (2) only B.(1) and (3) only C.(2) and (3) only D.(1) , (2) and (3) 10 . The diagrams below show types of teeth of an adult man . which of the following

statements about the teeth is incorrect ?

A. The surface material of region M prevents the teeth from decay. B. Plaque is usually formed on the surface of region N. C. Tooth X is used for cutting food while tooth Y is for grinding food. D. Tooth X is located at the front of the jaw while tooth Y is located at the back. Directions : Question 11 to 13 refer to the diagram below which shows the human digestive system :

11 . Digestive juice 1, 2 and 3 were collected from structures 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Small drops of there juices put on a strip of film which was coated with protein as shown in the diagram below :

The protein coat will be digested by the digestive juices A. 1 and 2 only. B. 1 and 3 only. C. 2 and 3 only.

D. 1, 2 and 3. 12 . If the digestive juice question 11 were mixed with a buffer solution of pH 2 before putting them on the film, then the protein coat A. would be digested at a slower rate by juice 1. B. Would be digested by juice 2 only. C. Would be digested at a faster rate by just 3. D. Would not be digested at all. 13 . Mechanical digestion occurs in structures A. 1 and 2 only. B. 1 and 3 only. C. 2 and 3 only. D. 1 , 2 and 3. (This item was deleted.) 14 . Which of the following graphs correctly shows the change in volume of a red blood cell when it is put in 0.05% salt solution ?

Directions : Question 15 and 16 refer to praph below which shows the net release and net uptake of oxygen of a plant over a 24-hour period :

15 . Which of the following can be deduced from the graph ? A. At 0600 hour, there is no respiration. B. The fastest rate of photosynthesis occurs at 0930 hour. C. The lowest rate of respiration occurs at 1200 hour. D. At 1800 hour, there is no photosynthesis. 16 . assuming that the plant has the same respiration rate throughout the 24-hour period how much oxygen is produced by the plant in an hour at 1630 hour ? A. 12 mg B. 44 mg C. 56 mg

D. 68 mg Directions : Question 17 to 18 refer to the diagram below which shows a section of a leaf :

17 . Which cell types are green ? A. 1 and 4 only B. 2 and 5 only C. 1, 2 and 4 only D. 1, 2 and 5 only 18 . Respiration occurs in all cell types except A. 2. B. 3. C. 1 and 2. D. 3 and 4. 19 . Which of the following changes will occur when a person is doing vigorous exercise ? Depth of

Rate of

% O2 in

breathing breathing inhaled air A. increases increases increases B. decreases constant increases C. increases increases constant D. decreases constant constant

20 . The photomicrograph below shows the appeararance of some human red blood cells :

The shape of the red blood cells allows them A. to carry more haemoglobin. B. to have of closer contact with the tissue cells. C. to absorb and release oxygen more rapidly. D. to pass through the wall of the blood capillaries more easily. 21 . Which of the following correctly shows the route of a red blood cell from the lung to the liver ? A. lung → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → liver B. lung → pulmonary vein → right atrium → right ventricle → aorta → liver C. lung → pulmonary artery → left atrium → left ventricle → hepatic artery → liver D. lung → pulmonary artery → right atrium → right ventricle → hepatic artery→ liver 22 . Which of the following statements about blood transfusion is correct ? A. The antigens of the donor and the recipient must be the same. B. The antibodies of the donor and the recipient must be the same. C. The antigens of the donor must not react with the antibodies of the recipient. D. The antigens of the donor must the antigens of the recipient. Directions : Question 23 and 24 refer to praph below which shows the transverse section of a young root and three types of cells found in it :

23 . Which of the following correctly lists the locations of the three types of cells ? Cell type 1 Cell type 2 cell type 3

A. X W Z B. X Z W C. Y Z X D. Y X W 24 . Which of the flowing correctly states functions of W, X and Y ? w x y A. absorption transport support B. absorption food transport storage C. support protection food storage D. transport support protection Directions : Question 25 and 26 refer to the following information : Cholesterol plaque is formed by the accumulation of the wall of arteries. The diagrams below show a type of operation which is used to treat the blockage of arteries by cholesterol plaque :

25 . Which of the following statements is incorrect ? A. The inflated balloon helps to widen the lumen of the artery. B. The larger the plaque in the artery, the lower the blood pressure. C. This operation may restore normal blood flow through the artery. D. Formation of the plaque in the artery is partly due to a low fibre, high fat diet. 26 . If the arteries of the heart wall are blocked by cholesterol plaque, a heart attack may occur because A. the rate of heart beat increases. B. less blood is pumped out from the heart. C. the heart muscle becomes fatigued easily. D. less blood is supplied to the heart muscle. Directions : Question 27 to 28 refer to the diagram below . Diagram I shows some muscles attached to the leg bones. Diagram II shows the posture of a person sitting on a stool :

27 . Which muscles in the person，s leg are contracted when he maintains the posture shown in the dirgram ? A. muscles 1 and 2 only B. muscles 1 and 3 only

C. muscles 2 and 4 only D. muscles 3 and 4 only 28 . Which of the following are involved in maintaining his posture ? (1) skeletal muscles (2) bones (3) ligaments (4) nervous system A. (1) and (2) only B. (3) and (4) only C. (1), (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) ,(3) and (4) 29 . Which of the following combinations is correct when a person goes up Victoria Peak by tram ? Change in Movement atmospheric of cardrum pressure A. increase bulge inwards B. increase bulge outwards C. decrease bulge inwards D decrease bulge outwards 30 . What is the function of the ear bones ? A. to transmit vibrations B. to produce the hearing sensation C. to increase the frequency of vibrations D. to balance the air the pressure on both sides of the eardrum 31 . Which of the following statements about a hormone are correct ? (1) It is transported in the blood . (2) It affected by a ductless gland . (3) It is secreted by s ductless gland . A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 32 . Which of the following components of the blood can destroy bacteria that have entered the body ? (1) antibodies

(2) phagocytes (3) blood platelets A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) Directions : Question 33 to 35 refer to the photograph below which shows a section of the eye :

33 . Light-sensitive cells are found on structure(s) A. 2 only . B. 7 only . C. 2 and 5 only. D. 5 and 7 only. 34 . Which of the following shange occur when a person tries to focus on a distant object ? Structure 6 Structure 7 A. contracts more convex B. contracts less convex C. relaxes more convex D. relaxes less convex 35 . Which labeled structures help to maintain the shape of the eyeball ? A. 1 and 2 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 3 and 4 36 . In a set-up the tip of a coleoptile was removed and the coleoptile was treated as

shown in the diagram below :

Which of the following set-ups will give a similar result result as the one above ?

37 . While of the following is not a function of the mammalian skeleton ? A. storage of fat B. storage of calcium C. destruction of red blood cells

D. production of white blood cells 38 . which of the following statements is correct ? A. A cloudy les forms dim images. B. Defects cones result in night blindness. C. A long-sighted person cannot see distant objects clearly. D. If a person cannot distinguish colours at night time, he suffers from colour blindness. 39 . Which of the following are the advantages of seed dispersal ? (1) to reduce competition within a species (2) to allow the species to explore new environments (3) to enable the species to become more adaptable to a changing enevironment A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 40 . Which of the following combinations is incorrect ? Human structure Function A. ovary to produce eggs B. testis to produce hormones C. seminal vesicle to store sperms D. mammary gland to produce milk 41. Which of the following statements about DNA are correct ? (1) It is made up of protein. (2) It is capable of replication. (3) It controls protein synthesis A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) Directions : Question 42 and 43 refer to the diagram below which shows part of a lotus plant :

42 . Both structures 1 and 3 can give rise to new plants . Which of the following comparisons between the two ways of reproductions is incorrect ?

43 . Which structures store food for the development of new plants? A. 1 and 4 B. 1 and 5 C. 2 and 4 D. 2 and 5 Directions : Question 44 and 45 refer to the diagram below which shows a foetus in the mother’s body :

44 . Which of the following are the functions of structures 1, 2 and 3 ? Structure Structure Structure 1 2 3 A. food gaseous protection supply exchange B. protection food gaseous supply exchange C. food protection gaseous transport exchange D. gaseous food protection exchange transport 45 . Which structures have the same genotype in their cells ? A. 2 and 3 only B. 2 and 4 only C. 3 and 4 only D. 2 , 3 and 4 46 . Which of the following comparisons of the birth control methods used by women is correct ? Contraceptive Tying of pills oviducts A. ovulation no ovulation occurs B. no implantation implantation embryo of embryo of occurs C. no menstruation menstruation occurs D. easy to hard to

cancel its cancel its contraceptive contraceptive effect effect 47. Arrange the following events of the birth process in the correct sequence. (1) expulsion of placenta (2) breaking of amnion (3) dilation of cervix (4) expulsion of foetus (5) cutting of umbilical Cord (6) onset of labour A. (3), (2), (6), (4), (1), (5) B. (3), (6), (4), (2), (1), (5) C. (6), (2), (4), (3), (5), (1) D. (6), (3), (2), (4), (5), (1) 48 . Two characters of a class of students were measured and measured were measured and the results are shown in the graphs below :

The two characters are probably Character Character 1 2 A. rate of ability heart beat colour B. height ability to roll the tongue C. intelligence blood groups D. blood groups rate of heart beat Directions : Question 49 to 50 refer to the diagram below which shows a simplified nitrogen cycle :

49 . What are P and Q ? P Q A. animal proteins nitrate B. urea nitrate C. animal proteins urea D. nitrate urea 50 . What are processes X and Y ? Process X Process Y A. nitrification putrefaction B. putrefaction denitrification C. nitrogen denitrfication fixation D. nitrogen nitrfication fixation 51 . If inorganic fertilizer is added to the soil, which of the following will occur ? A. The population of nitrifying bacteria will increase. B. The population of denitrifying bacteria will disappear. C. There will no decomposition of dead organic matter. D. Formation of root nodules in leguminous will be promoted. 52 . There food chains are shown below : 1 : grass → cow → lion 2: tree → beetle → parasite of beetle 3:flowering plant → butterfly → bird They can be represented by the three pyramids of number X, Y and Z below :

Which of the following combinations correctly matches the food chains and the pyramids ? Pyramid Pyramid Pyramid X Y Z A. 1 2 3 B. 2 1 3 C. 2 3 1 D. 3 1 2 53 . Which of the following is not a desirable way of conservation ? A. pollution B. population control C. recycling of used material D. disposal of waste at landfills 54 . Antibiotics can A. kill certain microorganisms . B. neutralize the effect of antigens . C. be produced by the human body . D. inhibit the production of antibodies Directions : Question 55 and 56 refer to the diagram below which shows the layout of a sewage treatment plant :

55 . What are the effects of pumping air into the aeration tank ? (1) to stir up the sewage (2) to encourage bacterial growth (3) to reduce the unpleasant smell produced A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) (This item was deleted.) 56 . The reactions in the anaerobic digester involve the action of A. fungi. B. algae C. mosses D. bacteria 57 . The electricity supply to a refrigerator was accidentally cut off for 24 hours. Which of the following items stored in the refrigerator, if consumed , may lead to food poisoning ? A. fresh apple B. honey C. ice cream D. soft drink 58 . Human being usually bears one baby at a time because normally A. only one uterus is found in the female. B. only one egg is released in each ovulation. C. only one sperm can successfully fertilize an egg. D. only one embryo is allowed to implant on the uterine wail. 59. Both the human ovum and sperm A. can undergo meiosis. B. may contain the X chromosome. C. may contain the Y chromosome. D. have the same amount of cytoplasm. 60 . Which of the following cannot be used to measure the growth of a child ? A. body height B. length of hair C. circumference of head D. length of middle finger END OF PAPER KEY TO PAPER II:

1. C 11. C

21. A 31. B

41.

2. A 12. B 3. C 13. This item was deleted 4. A 14. A 5. C 15. B 6. C 16. D 7. C 17. B 8. A 18. B 9. C 19. C 10. B 20. C

22. C 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. A

42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D

32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. C

This item was deleted

51. A 52. D 53. D 54. A 55.

This item was deleted

56. D 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. B