Paper 1 Spm 2018.docx

SPM 2018 MODULE

TIPS AND GUIDELINES: DIRECTED WRITING 

Read the question carefully. Identify your task, your role and your audience.

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Use the 45 minutes allocated for this question wisely.

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Plan your essay and organize your thoughts (this includes what to write and how to elaborate on points)

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Include an introduction and a conclusion and make sure your paragraphs are well organized.

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Use all content points given. It is advisable to cross out the points you have used, so that no point is left out.

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Include points of your own only if you are asked to. Otherwise, do not waste precious time doing so because you will not get any extra marks.

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Elaborate on the points given. Write 2-3 sentences to elaborate on each point. Remember a crucial aspect of this paper is language and your ability to write can only be tested if you provide sufficient language for the examiner to gauge your linguistic ability.

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Use a variety of sentence structures so that your essay is not dull and monotonous.

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Always read through what you have written. Correct grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors before handing in your script.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

1. ARTICLE

OUR HERO

F1 Title

by Alina

F2 Writer’s name

F3 ....................wishing him all the best for his future. Well done John!

Ending (wish/hope)

2.

SPEECH F1

Good morning ........

I am going to give a speech entitled “Healthy Lifestyle” in accordance of World’s Health Day …

Greetings (Good morning)

F2 Speech title & purpose

F3 ......... Thank you.

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Ending (Thank you)

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SPM 2018 MODULE 3. FORMAL LETTER Consumer Club, SMK Kuantan,

F1 Sender’s

25000 Kuantan. ______________________________________________________________

&

The Manager, SKF Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.,

Recipient’s address

472, Jalan Kuantan, 52000 Kuala Lumpur.

03 March 2014

Date &

Dear Sir, (ONLY USE THIS)

PERMISSION TO VISIT YOUR FACTORY

Salutation (Dear sir) (F2) F3 Title

&

Yours faithfully, (ONLY USE THIS) David

Signing off (F2) (Yours faithfully)

David Tan Consumer Club Secretary (STATE YOUR NAME AND POST)

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SPM 2018 MODULE

4. INFORMAL LETTER

F1 123, Taman ABC,

Sender’s address

25000 Kuantan F2 Salutation (Dear name) Dear Atilia, (name)

F3 Your

Signing off

friend, (DO NOT USE Yours faithfully) Betty

5.

REPORT

To: Mr Lee Principal

F1 To

SMK Kuantan REPORT ON THE SCHOOL SPORTS EQUIPMENT

F2 Title (REPORT ON…)

Reported by, Lee LEE LI LI Secretary Sports Committee

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F3 From (Reported by & name & post)

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SPM 2018 MODULE

TIPS AND GUIDELINES: CONTINUOUS WRITING • • •

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SENTENCE TYPES The best way to improve your writing is to use a variety of sentence structure Variety of sentence structure is used to avoid monotony and to make the writing more interesting and meaningful How do you do that? By using – simple sentences – longer sentences – sentences with joining words – sentences with different beginnings Simple sentences – There is one main idea and one verb • It was raining heavily. • I was frightened. • I started running fast. ***Writing a long series of short sentences will make your writing jerky and choppy. It will also tire the reader thus make the reader lose interest towards your writing. Longer sentences – Aini was not allowed to leave the classroom. The teacher was busy in the office. She had to get permission from the prefect on duty. – As the teacher was busy in the office, Aini was not allowed to leave the classroom unless she got the permission of the prefect on duty. – –

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I was on my way home from school. I saw thick black smoke. It was coming from a burning house. I saw people rushing out with their belongings. While I was on my way home from school, I saw thick black smoke coming from a burning house. People were rushing out with their belongings.

Construct sentences with joining sentences such as conjunctions to make ideas flow smoothly and combine two independent thoughts, giving both equal strength and importance. Linking a whole string of complete sentences with conjunctions will make the paragraph monotonous and boring to read, so it is advised to have varied paces in your writing as some parts can be slow moving while others might be fast paced. Short sentences for action and excitement – I sensed that someone was following me. I turned around. There was no one there. Again, I heard the thud of boots. So, I quickened my steps. My heart started beating fast. Longer sentences for slow-moving events – Only an hour ago I had celebrated my twenty-first birthday and now he was gone. I knew that I would never see him again but why was I still waiting for his phone call? I hugged my mother and cried uncontrollably. We will never see him again but the memory of those wonderful times we had would forever be embedded in my mind. Using sentences with different beginnings : – Using one / two adverbs – Using verb-part openers – Using the …..ing opener ( Gerund ) – Using infinitives as openers

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SPM 2018 MODULE

SHOWING SENTENCES VS TELLING SENTENCES • • • • • • • • •

“Show Me, Don’t Tell Me“ is an approach to writing a more vivid paragraph as it breathes life and energy into any story. A reader would want to see how the characters in a story come alive and controls the attention of the reader. When you ‘tell’ a story…it may seem mundane or boring. Telling sentences tell us something and gives general, non-specific and often vague ideas They do not involve the reader and these type of sentences are written in a dull and lifeless manner. Telling is the wrong way of communicating facts to the reader. So if “telling” is not an effective way of writing…a good writer should use “showing” sentences. “Showing” sentences show us - they describe the scene and actions, they help us see by using clear, specific details to create clear, strong pictures in our minds. “Showing” sentences will get the reader to experience the story as if the reader is there participating in the story. Now…let’s look at some examples touch Telling Sentence

Showing Sentence As the footsteps tapped closer and closer, Jack felt his stomach muscles tighten. He flattened himself to the wall, the gritty bricks against his cheek. Jack was afraid.

Jack was afraid.

hear • •

touch

In the “telling” sentence, we are given information but in a way that doesn’t involve the reader In the “showing” sentence however, the reader is brought in the scene along with Jack. Here the 5S ( sense of touch, smell, feel, see, hear ) factor is used

Smell

touch

feel

see

hear

Jack was afraid.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

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So the secret of a showing sentence is it’s beautifully simple with specified details that brings life and stimulates the reader’s imagination so that the reader could project him or herself into the scene and become part of the story.

PARAGRAPH POWER •

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Every paragraph should contain the three main elements mentioned below – Topic Sentence – Lets the reader know the topic or main idea of the paragraph – General Statements – Gives general reason to go along with the main idea – Supporting Sentences – Added support and details to enhance a general statement Paragraphs should also be structured as a BLOT ( Bottom Line On Top ) – Topic sentence Sets up the expectation in the mind of the reader. The paragraph fulfills those expectations – Key points and supporting details – Concluding sentences These sentences should lead into the topic sentence of the next paragraph and remind us of the main point In order to construct a meaning paragraph and establishing logical flow is the use of transitions – words that logically link supporting sentences in a paragraph To choose the correct transition words, first determine the conceptual category, then select the words or phrases.

Transition Category

Transition Words / Phrases

Adding to

also, furthermore, in addition, moreover

Showing sequence

then, next, after, finally first, second, third one, two, three

Contrasting

however, nevertheless, in contrast, on the other hand, conversely

Showing cause and effect

therefore, as a result, consequently, thus for this reason

Providing examples

for instance, for example

Showing similarity

similarly, likewise

Conclusion

in summary, in conclusion, to sum up, all in all, all things considered

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SPM 2018 MODULE

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Transitions are signals, they establish the relationship between concept and paragraphs to powerfully move the reader from paragraph to paragraph.

Now let us have some practice on how to construct a topic sentence. 1. Topic ( Fast food ) + Main Point ( What will you say about the topic ) I will tell you about fast food. Fast food is bad for your health.

(×) (√)

This is about fast food. (×) Fast food chains are opening restaurants in Malaysia and Indonesia. (√) Here I will talk about fast food. Fast food is getting healthier.

(×) (√)

I will introduce fast food. Fast food in Malaysia is highly popular.

(×) (√)

*** ( x ) with these type of sentences, not much elaboration can be done

A good paragraph contains a topic sentence, general statements, supporting details and a concluding sentence Practice 1 topic sentence

general statements

Fast food is getting healthier. Recently, in restaurants such as Mc Donald’s, you can find veggie burgers and salads on the menu. Burger King even has special menus for people who have to avoid certain food for health reasons. They list all the ingredients for people to see. Things have really changed for the better on the fast food chain. Now, when you think of fast food, it does not have to mean bad food. supporting details

concluding sentence

The above paragraph contains the three elements mentioned above. It shows that a good paragraph will have ample information about the topic supported with various sentences. When constructing an interesting paragraph, the writer must think about the readers : i. What will they want to know? ii. How can I make this more interesting? iii. Can I give them new information or a new view of the topic?

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SPM 2018 MODULE Practice 2 My favourite subject is English. I like to read interesting and exciting literature. Most of all, I like debates, discussions we are able to have about the things we are studying. There is no class compared to English.

My favourite subject is English.

- topic sentence

I like to read interesting and exciting literature.

- general statement 1

I like debates, discussions we are able to have about the things we are studying.

- general statement 2

As mentioned earlier, a good paragraph will consist of a topic sentence, general statements, supporting details and a concluding sentence. Each general statement should be accompanied by two supporting statements and transition words or phrases should be used to begin each general statement. Transitions help the flow of the paragraph and at the end of each paragraph a concluding sentence must be written.

My favourite subject is English

exciting literature

read lots of different things

non-fiction helps understand history

general statements

supporting details

supporting details

debate /discussion

hearing others’ perspective

like to argue

concluding sentence

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SPM 2018 MODULE Tips For Scoring High Marks: CONTINUOUS WRITING Here are the tips on how to write a good essay, based on each criterion: 1) Hardly any mistakes in grammar (including spelling and punctuation) Good essays should be without any major grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors. So, focus on these key aspects. Make sure that you know the grammar rules well and apply them when you write. 2) Effective use of varied sentence structures Many students face problems with the sentence structure of the English language. The problem can be solved through plenty of reading. When you read, your mind is fed with the correct sentence structures over and over. In time, you will be able to write sentences with the right structure. When you write an essay, use a variety of sentences - simple, compound, complex sentences, in both the active voice and passive voice, etc. Thus, it is advisable to make good use of as much variety of reading material as possible - storybooks, magazines, newspapers, etc. to expose yourself to different types of sentence structures. 3) Wide vocabulary used expressively/precisely Reading helps to increase your vocabulary. When you see a new word, look it up in a dictionary to learn its meaning. To score high marks, you need to show that you have a wide vocabulary. For example, you can use 'delighted' or 'overjoyed' instead of 'happy'. Instead of using 'sad', use 'upset' or 'downhearted'. Try not to use the same word repeatedly. Use different words with the same meaning to impress the examiner. It is also important that you use a word precisely or accurately. Wrong use of words will result in mark deduction. So, make sure that a word is suitable to be used in a sentence or a particular situation before using it. Reading helps you understand the meaning of a word accurately. When you read extensively, you tend to be familiar with words and know when to use them and when not to. Look it up in a dictionary again when you forget the meaning of a particular word. 4) Good and relevant points When writing an essay, it is important to write about relevant points, or write about what the question ask for. For example, for the title 'Describe an outing with your friends', the whole essay should be about the outing. If you write about other things such as your friends' hobbies, that would be irrelevant. As long as you understand the title and write relevant points, you will be safe. The lack of points or ideas is a common problem faced by students when writing essays. Reading model essays helps a lot, since it gives you plenty of ideas. 5) Coherence in paragraphing & 6) Well-organised paragraphing An Oxford dictionary defines 'coherence' as 'the situation in which all the parts of something fit together well'. For instance, when writing an essay entitled 'My Hero', it is advisable to write about things that are of the same nature in a paragraph. For example, after the introduction, you can write about the childhood of your hero in the first paragraph. Then, in the second, third, fourth and fifth paragraphs, you can write about his educational background, occupation, personalities and

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SPM 2018 MODULE accomplishments respectively. It is unwise to mix them up as it lacks coherence and is not well-organised. 7) Essay is very interesting and shows originality An interesting essay does not talk about the boring stuff. For example, you decide to write an essay entitled 'Describe an enjoyable weekend you have experienced' or ‘Describe a camping trip at the beach with your family.’ Avoid including stuff like: "When I woke up that morning, I went to the toilet to brush my teeth and wash my face. After that, I dressed up and went downstairs to have my breakfast. I had bread and butter for breakfast..." You can put it this way: "When I woke up that morning, I was excited as my whole family would be going on a camping trip at the beach. After getting everything ready, we set off for the beach in my father's van..." You can continue the essay by describing all the interesting things that you and your family saw and did at the beach. It is a good idea to write about your own experience, since it shows originality. When writing essays, it is also important to write about logical things. Stated above are the important points to note. Apart from those based on the criteria, other points to take note of include: i) Practise writing essays, since 'practice makes perfect'. Besides school assignments, try to write more essays and have someone qualified to correct them for you. When you make mistakes, learn from them and make it a point not to repeat them , in order to improve your writing skills effectively. When practising, learn to finish an essay within the time frame given. For instance, in SPM, you have about an hour to complete an essay. Spend about 10 minutes, 35 minutes and 15 minutes on planning, writing and checking the essay respectively. ii) Remember, there are no short cuts to success. Essay writing skills take time to develop. There goes the saying, 'Rome wasn't built in a day'. Diligence and perseverance are the keys to success. Do not give up until you succeed. iii) Look at the past year papers and study the examination format. Then, refer to the model answers and familiarise yourself with the answering techniques in order to score high marks. In short:

1 Learn and know the grammar rules well. 2 Do more reading, as it helps in all aspects of writing good essays. Good luck 3 Practise writing essays and learn from your mistakes. In your SPM!

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SPM 2018 MODULE SYNONYMS FOR 95 COMMONLY USED WORDS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

8.

9. 10.

11. 12. 13.

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

Amazing — incredible, unbelievable, improbable, fabulous, wonderful, fantastic, astonishing, astounding, extraordinary Anger — enrage, infuriate, arouse, nettle, exasperate, inflame, madden Angry — mad, furious, enraged, excited, wrathful, indignant, exasperated, aroused, inflamed Answer — reply, respond, retort, acknowledge Ask — question, inquire of, seek information from, put a question to, demand, request, expect, inquire, query, interrogate, examine, quiz Awful — dreadful, terrible, abominable, bad, poor, unpleasant Bad — evil, immoral, wicked, corrupt, sinful, depraved, rotten, contaminated, spoiled, tainted, harmful, injurious, unfavourable, defective, inferior, imperfect, substandard, faulty, improper, inappropriate, unsuitable, disagreeable, unpleasant, cross, nasty, unfriendly, irascible, horrible, atrocious, outrageous, scandalous, infamous, wrong, noxious, sinister, putrid, snide, deplorable, dismal, gross, heinous, nefarious, base, obnoxious, detestable, despicable, contemptible, foul, rank, ghastly, execrable Beautiful — pretty, lovely, handsome, attractive, gorgeous, dazzling, splendid, magnificent, comely, fair, ravishing, graceful, elegant, fine, exquisite, aesthetic, pleasing, shapely, delicate, stunning, glorious, heavenly, resplendent, radiant, glowing, blooming, sparkling Begin — start, open, launch, initiate, commence, inaugurate, originate Big — enormous, huge, immense, gigantic, vast, colossal, gargantuan, large, sizable, grand, great, tall, substantial, mammoth, astronomical, ample, broad, expansive, spacious, stout, tremendous, titanic, mountainous Brave — courageous, fearless, dauntless, intrepid, plucky, daring, heroic, valorous, audacious, bold, gallant, valiant, doughty, mettlesome Break — fracture, rupture, shatter, smash, wreck, crash, demolish, atomize Bright — shining, shiny, gleaming, brilliant, sparkling, shimmering, radiant, vivid, colourful, lustrous, luminous, incandescent, intelligent, knowing, quick-witted, smart, intellectual Calm — quiet, peaceful, still, tranquil, mild, serene, smooth, composed, collected, unruffled, level-headed, unexcited, detached, aloof Come — approach, advance, near, arrive, reach Cool — chilly, cold, frosty, wintry, icy, frigid Crooked — bent, twisted, curved, hooked, zigzag Cry — shout, yell, yowl, scream, roar, bellow, weep, wail, sob, bawl Cut — gash, slash, prick, nick, sever, slice, carve, cleave, slit, chop, crop, lop, reduce Dangerous — perilous, hazardous, risky, uncertain, unsafe Dark — shadowy, unlit, murky, gloomy, dim, dusky, shaded, sunless, black, dismal, sad Decide — determine, settle, choose, resolve Definite — certain, sure, positive, determined, clear, distinct, obvious Delicious — savoury, delectable, appetizing, luscious, scrumptious, palatable, delightful, enjoyable, toothsome, exquisite Describe — portray, characterize, picture, narrate, relate, recount, represent, report, record Destroy — ruin, demolish, raze, waste, kill, slay, end, extinguish Difference — disagreement, inequity, contrast, dissimilarity, incompatibility Do — execute, enact, carry out, finish, conclude, effect, accomplish, achieve, attain

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SPM 2018 MODULE 29. Dull — boring, tiring„ tiresome, uninteresting, slow, dumb, stupid, unimaginative, lifeless, dead, insensible, tedious, wearisome, listless, expressionless, plain, monotonous, humdrum, dreary 30. Eager — keen, fervent, enthusiastic, involved, interested, alive to 31. End — stop, finish, terminate, conclude, close, halt, cessation, discontinuance 32. Enjoy — appreciate, delight in, be pleased, indulge in, luxuriate in, bask in, relish, devour, savour, like 33. Explain — elaborate, clarify, define, interpret, justify, account for 34. Fair — just, impartial, unbiased, objective, unprejudiced, honest 35. Fall — drop, descend, plunge, topple, tumble 36. False — fake, fraudulent, counterfeit, spurious, untrue, unfounded, erroneous, deceptive, groundless, fallacious 37. Famous — well-known, renowned, celebrated, famed, eminent, illustrious, distinguished, noted, notorious 38. Fast — quick, rapid, speedy, fleet, hasty, snappy, mercurial, swiftly, rapidly, quickly, snappily, speedily, lickety-split, post-haste, hastily, expeditiously, like a flash 39. Fat — stout, corpulent, fleshy, beefy, paunchy, plump, full, rotund, tubby, pudgy, chubby, chunky, burly, bulky, elephantine 40. Fear — fright, dread, terror, alarm, dismay, anxiety, scare, awe, horror, panic, apprehension 41. Fly — soar, hover, flit, wing, flee, waft, glide, coast, skim, sail, cruise 42. Funny — humorous, amusing, droll, comic, comical, laughable, silly 43. Get — acquire, obtain, secure, procure, gain, fetch, find, score, accumulate, win, earn, rep, catch, net, bag, derive, collect, gather, glean, pick up, accept, come by, regain, salvage 44. Go — recede, depart, fade, disappear, move, travel, proceed 45. Good — excellent, fine, superior, wonderful, marvellous, qualified, suited, suitable, apt, proper, capable, generous, kindly, friendly, gracious, obliging, pleasant, agreeable, pleasurable, satisfactory, well-behaved, obedient, honourable, reliable, trustworthy, safe, favourable, profitable, advantageous, righteous, expedient, helpful, valid, genuine, ample, salubrious, estimable, beneficial, splendid, great, noble, worthy, first-rate, top-notch, grand, sterling, superb, respectable, edifying 46. Great — noteworthy, worthy, distinguished, remarkable, grand, considerable, powerful, much, mighty 47. Gross — improper, rude, coarse, indecent, crude, vulgar, outrageous, extreme, grievous, shameful, uncouth, obscene, low 48. Happy — pleased, contented, satisfied, delighted, elated, joyful, cheerful, ecstatic, jubilant, gay, tickled, gratified, glad, blissful, overjoyed 49. Hate — despise, loathe, detest, abhor, disfavour, dislike, disapprove, abominate 50. Have — hold, possess, own, contain, acquire, gain, maintain, believe, bear, beget, occupy, absorb, fill, enjoy 51. Help — aid, assist, support, encourage, back, wait on, attend, serve, relieve, succour, benefit, befriend, abet 52. Hide — conceal, cover, mask, cloak, camouflage, screen, shroud, veil 53. Hurry — rush, run, speed, race, hasten, urge, accelerate, bustle 54. Hurt — damage, harm, injure, wound, distress, afflict, pain 55. Idea — thought, concept, conception, notion, understanding, opinion, plan, view, belief 56. Important — necessary, vital, critical, indispensable, valuable, essential, significant, primary, principal, considerable, famous, distinguished, notable, well-known

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SPM 2018 MODULE 57. Interesting — fascinating, engaging, sharp, keen, bright, intelligent, animated, spirited, attractive, inviting, intriguing, provocative, though-provoking, challenging, inspiring, involving, moving, titillating, tantalizing, exciting, entertaining, piquant, lively, racy, spicy, engrossing, absorbing, consuming, gripping, arresting, enthralling, spellbinding, curious, captivating, enchanting, bewitching, appealing 58. Keep — hold, retain, withhold, preserve, maintain, sustain, support 59. Kill — slay, execute, assassinate, murder, destroy, cancel, abolish 60. Lazy — indolent, slothful, idle, inactive, sluggish 61. Little — tiny, small, diminutive, shrimp, runt, miniature, puny, exiguous, dinky, cramped, limited, itsy-bitsy, microscopic, slight, petite, minute 62. Look — gaze, see, glance, watch, survey, study, seek, search for, peek, peep, glimpse, stare, contemplate, examine, gape, ogle, scrutinize, inspect, leer, behold, observe, view, witness, perceive, spy, sight, discover, notice, recognize, peer, eye, gawk, peruse, explore 63. Love — like, admire, esteem, fancy, care for, cherish, adore, treasure, worship, appreciate, savour 64. Make — create, originate, invent, beget, form, construct, design, fabricate, manufacture, produce, build, develop, do, effect, execute, compose, perform, accomplish, earn, gain, obtain, acquire, get 65. Mark — label, tag, price, ticket, impress, effect, trace, imprint, stamp, brand, sign, note, heed, notice, designate 66. Mischievous — prankish, playful, naughty, roguish, waggish, impish, sportive 67. Move — plod, go, creep, crawl, inch, poke, drag, toddle, shuffle, trot, dawdle, walk, traipse, mosey, jog, plug, trudge, slump, lumber, trail, lag, run, sprint, trip, bound, hotfoot, high-tail, streak, stride, tear, breeze, whisk, rush, dash, dart, bolt, fling, scamper, scurry, skedaddle, scoot, scuttle, scramble, race, chase, hasten, hurry, hump, gallop, lope, accelerate, stir, budge, travel, wander, roam, journey, trek, ride, spin, slip, glide, slide, slither, coast, flow, sail, saunter, hobble, amble, stagger, paddle, slouch, prance, straggle, meander, perambulate, waddle, wobble, pace, swagger, promenade, lunge 68. Moody — temperamental, changeable, short-tempered, glum, morose, sullen, modish, irritable, testy, peevish, fretful, spiteful, sulky, touchy 69. Neat — clean, orderly, tidy, trim, dapper, natty, smart, elegant, well-organized, super, desirable, spruce, shipshape, well-kept, shapely 70. New — fresh, unique, original, unusual, novel, modern, current, recent 71. Old — feeble, frail, ancient, weak, aged, used, worn, dilapidated, ragged, faded, broken-down, former, old-fashioned, outmoded, passé, veteran, mature, venerable, primitive, traditional, archaic, conventional, customary, stale, musty, obsolete, extinct 72. Part — portion, share, piece, allotment, section, fraction, fragment 73. Place — space, area, spot, plot, region, location, situation, position, residence, dwelling, set, site, station, status, state 74. Plan — plot, scheme, design, draw, map, diagram, procedure, arrangement, intention, device, contrivance, method, way, blueprint 75. Popular — well-liked, approved, accepted, favourite, celebrated, common, current 76. Predicament — quandary, dilemma, pickle, problem, plight, spot, scrape, jam 77. Put — place, set, attach, establish, assign, keep, save, set aside, effect, achieve, do, build 78. Quiet — silent, still, soundless, mute, tranquil, peaceful, calm, restful 79. Right — correct, accurate, factual, true, good, just, honest, upright, lawful, moral, proper, suitable, apt, legal, fair

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SPM 2018 MODULE 80. Run — race, speed, hurry, hasten, sprint, dash, rush, escape, elope, flee 81. Scared — afraid, frightened, alarmed, terrified, panicked, fearful, unnerved, insecure, timid, shy, skittish, jumpy, disquieted, worried, vexed, troubled, disturbed, horrified, terrorized, shocked, petrified, haunted, timorous, shrinking, tremulous, stupefied, paralyzed, stunned, apprehensive 82. Show — display, exhibit, present, note, point to, indicate, explain, reveal, prove, demonstrate, expose 83. Slow — unhurried, gradual, leisurely, late, behind, tedious, slack 84. Stop — cease, halt, stay, pause, discontinue, conclude, end, finish, quit 85. Story — tale, myth, legend, fable, yarn, account, narrative, chronicle, epic, sage, anecdote, record, memoir 86. Strange — odd, peculiar, unusual, unfamiliar, uncommon, queer, weird, outlandish, curious, unique, exclusive, irregular 87. Take — hold, catch, seize, grasp, win, capture, acquire, pick, choose, select, prefer, remove, steal, lift, rob, engage, bewitch, purchase, buy, retract, recall, assume, occupy, consume 88. Tell — disclose, reveal, show, expose, uncover, relate, narrate, inform, advise, explain, divulge, declare, command, order, bid, recount, repeat 89. Think — judge, deem, assume, believe, consider, contemplate, reflect, mediate 90. Trouble — distress, anguish, anxiety, worry, wretchedness, pain, danger, peril, disaster, grief, misfortune, difficulty, concern, pains, inconvenience, exertion, effort 91. True — accurate, right, proper, precise, exact, valid, genuine, real, actual, trusty, steady, loyal, dependable, sincere, staunch 92. Ugly — hideous, frightful, frightening, shocking, horrible, unpleasant, monstrous, terrifying, gross, grisly, ghastly, horrid, unsightly, plain, homely, evil, repulsive, repugnant, gruesome 93. Unhappy — miserable, uncomfortable, wretched, heart-broken, unfortunate, poor, downhearted, sorrowful, depressed, dejected, melancholy, glum, gloomy, dismal, discouraged, sad 94. Use — employ, utilize, exhaust, spend, expend, consume, exercise 95. Wrong — incorrect, inaccurate, mistaken, erroneous, improper, unsuitable

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SPM 2018 MODULE LIST OF USEFUL IDIOMS/PHRASES 01. Absence makes the heart grow fonder (we miss our friends and relatives more when they are away) eg. She used to quarrel with her sister but now, she misses her. It is a case of absence makes the heart grow fonder. 02. All and sundry ( everybody, all types of people) eg. The government’s new rule concerns all and sundry. 03. As different as night and day ( completely different) eg. The twins sister may look alike but their mannerisms are as different as night and day. 04. Bed of roses ( a happy, comfortable situation) eg. Life is not always a bed of roses. At times, it can be challenging, too 05. Boiling point ( when one is very angry) eg. When he repeated the mistake for the third time, the teachers reached the boiling point. 06. Cost a bomb (very expensive) eg. His new bungalow house costs a bomb. 07. Curry favour with someone (to sweet talk/ pretending to be nice to someone for own’s advantage) eg. Some students have been currying favour with the new form teacher. 08. Cut your coat according to your cloth (adjust the spending /expenses according to the money one has) eg. That shirt is too expensive, so I have to cut my coat according to my cloth. 09. Dream come true ( a wish which has come true) eg. Having you as a friend is a dream come true. 10. Dyed in the wool (holds certain principles/believes strongly since small) eg. For a person dyed in the wool, it was difficult for him to change his ideas and values. 11. Eat humble pie ( to be apologetic when proven wrong) eg. You’ll have to eat humble pie if you’re proved wrong.

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SPM 2018 MODULE 12. Every nook and cranny (everywhere) eg. They searched every nook and cranny for the missing book but to no avail. 13. Fall on deaf ears ( did not pay attention to the advice/warning) eg. The teacher’s advice to him seemed to have fallen on deaf ears. 14. Few and far between (very few/limited) eg. Good jobs with bright chances for promotion are few and far between. 15. Fish out of water (someone who is uncomfortable with the surroundings) eg. I was like a fish out of water as I was not familiar with the place. 16. From A to Z ( to know everything in detail) eg. You should know the details of the topic from A to Z. 17. From cradle to the grave ( throughout one’s life) eg. Whatever you learn now, you should remember it from cradle to the grave. 18. Give a big hand ( to clap/applause) eg. Everybody gave a big hand after the dancers finished their eautiful performance. 19. Give a pat on the back (to praise/congratulate someone) eg. Although Lim did not excel in his exams, his parents gave him a pat on the back for trying hard. 20. Green with envy (feeling very envious) eg. If you buy a new car, your neighbours will be green with envy. 21. Haste makes waste (doing something in a hurry will spoil the work) eg. She was in such a hurry that she spilt the milk on the floor. Haste makes waste. 22. In hot water (in serious trouble) eg. The principal caught him red-handed vandalizing. Now, he is in hot water. 23. On the dot (at exactly the right time) eg. We are expected to be at there at 2.30 on the dot.

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SPM 2018 MODULE 24. On one’s high horse ( very arrogant/proud) eg. She has been on her high horse ever since she was admitted to the prestigious university 25. Pride and joy (A special object that is someone’s love and pride) eg. The table that he built on his own, is his pride and joy. 26. Shake like a leaf (to tremble with fear) eg. The boy who was caught stealing, was shaking like a leaf. 27. Show one’s true colours (to show one’s true character) eg. He pretended to be generous but he showed his true colours when he refused to donate money to charity. 28. See red (to become very angry) eg. My mother saw red when she caught me coming home late at night. 29. Thick and fast (comes in great numbers and fast) eg. Offers to help the tragedy-stricken family came thick and fast. 30. Tom, Dick and Harry (anybody) eg. We do not want any Tom, Dick and Harry to enter the hall. 31. Ways and means (methods or ways to do something) eg. There are ways and means of making money through business deals.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 1: Informal letter You have just returned to Kuching from a holiday in Johor. Write a letter to your uncle, thanking him for the wonderful time you had. Use the following notes to write your letter.            

arrived airport safely parents there to fetch thank him - gifts, souvenirs thank aunty - delicious cooking wonderful trip - Johor enjoyed picnic - Kota Tinggi Waterfalls exciting time - Legoland shopping - City Square photos - remembrance regret not able to stay longer invite uncle and family - Kuching tell him latest news

When writing your letter, you must remember:   

To lay out the letter correctly [F1- F3] To use all the points given [C1 – C12] That your letter is to an uncle

Before you start elaborating, read the question and complete the F.A.C.T.S below: Know Thy F.A.C.T.S Format Audience Contents Task Situation

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SPM 2018 MODULE

LEARNING TO ELABORATE CONTENT POINTS CONTENT POINTS 1. arrived airport safely

REWRITE THE POINT

ELABORATE THE POINT

I arrived safely at Kuching International Airport at 10 p.m. yesterday

The flight was smooth and I spent my time looking at the photos taken during my holiday in Johor

3. thank him gifts, souvenirs

I would like to thank you for all the thoughtful gifts and souvenirs you bought us.

Mom and dad are especially delighted to receive the beautiful, batik baju kurung and shirt so does everyone else.

4. thank aunty - delicious cooking

Please thank Aunty Lily for her delicious cooking. It was most sumptuous and mouth-watering.

I learnt a lot of new dishes and recipes from her and I’ll try some for them later with mom.

2. parents there to fetch

5. wonderful trip - Johor

6. enjoyed picnic Kota Tinggi Waterfalls

Firstly, I enjoyed the picnic at Kota Tinggi Waterfalls. The water was really cooling.

7. exciting time - Legoland

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SPM 2018 MODULE 8. shopping City Square

9. photos remembran ce

10. regret not able to stay longer

Nevertheless, I regret not being able to stay longer. But fear not, I’ll be back!

11. invite uncle and family Kuching

12. tell him latest news -

Before I pen off, I would like to tell you the latest news. Our family pet, Snowball, has given birth to eight kittens.

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 2: Informal Letter Read the question below and complete the graphic organizer. Work in groups. You have just returned from a three-day outdoor activity camp. You have decided to write a letter to a friend about your experience at the camp. Write your letter based on all the notes below  who organized the camp  date of the camp  transport to the campsite  number of participants  location of the camp  accommodation  give two relevant examples of activities benefits problems

When writing the letter you should remember -

to layout the letter correctly to use paragraphs that your letter is to your friend

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 3: Article

You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this section. Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] Your school has carried out activities for Health and Safety month. Write an article to your school magazine regarding the activities organised. In the article, you must describe the problem faced and the activities that have been carried out. Use the following notes to write your article:

PROBLEMS

- dengue fever - dirty toilets

-

clogged drains - filthy floor

ACTIVITIES

-

- practised 3Rs - cleared clogged drains - organised Clean-up Day cut off old, overhanging branches

When writing the article, you must: -

provide a title include your name use all the notes given provide two more problems and two more activities of your own

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Before you start elaborating, read the question and complete the F.A.C.T.S below:

Know Thy F.A.C.T.S Format Audience Contents Task Situation

LEARNING TO ELABORATE CONTENT POINTS CONTENT POINT 1. dengue fever

REWRITE THE POINT

ELABORATE THE POINT

2. filthy toilets

3. clogged drains

4. dirty floor

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SPM 2018 MODULE 5. problem 1

6. problem 2

7. practiced 3Rs

8. cleared clogged drains

9. organized Clean-up Day

10.cut off old over-hanging branches

11.activity 1

12.activity 2

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 4: Article The dengue cases reported in your neighbourhood is on the rise. Write an article for the school newsletter about the symptoms of dengue and advising the students on dengue treatment and how to prevent it. Use the notes below to write your article: 

Symptoms - sudden high fever - pain behind the eyes - nausea – vomiting - skin rash



Treatments - a lot of rest - plenty of water - clinic or hospital



Precautions - mosquito net and repellent - long sleeved shirt when outdoor - breeding areas

When writing your article, you should remember to : 

provide a title



Include your name



Use all the notes given



recommend two effective programmes that your neighbourhood/school can organise to raise public awareness on the danger of dengue.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 5: Formal Letter

The school canteen is a place where most of the students in your school spend their time after hours of learning session. As one of the daily visitors of the canteen, you found that the canteen service is poor recently. You have carried out a survey to get more information about this situation from other students. Based on your findings, write a letter to the Principal regarding the matter. In your letter, tell the principal how poor the canteen service is.

Unhealthy Food

Oily fried ‘keropok’ lekor’ Less vegetable Stain glasses

Poor Service

Lack of Cleanliness Messy counter Broken benches Poor Facilities Slow water

When writing the letter, you must remember to : 

Lay out the letter correctly (addresses,date, salutation, title , closing)



Use all the notes given



Give three suggestions to improve the situations.

Note : For your speech you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points, and up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Before you start elaborating, read the question and complete the F.A.C.T.S below:

Know Thy F.A.C.T.S Format Audience Contents Task Situation

LEARNING TO ELABORATE CONTENT POINTS CONTENT POINT 1. Unhealthy food

REWRITE THE POINT

ELABORATE THE POINT

2. Oily fried ‘keropok’

3. Less vegetable

4. Lack of Cleanliness

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SPM 2018 MODULE 5. Stain glasses

6. Messy counter

7. Poor Facilities

8. Broken benches

9. slow water

10. Suggestion 1

11. Suggestion 2

12. Suggestion 3

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 6: Formal Letter You are a resident of Taman Indah, Melaka. You are concerned about the rise in the crime rate in your area. Based on the notes provided, write a letter to the Officer In- charge of Police District (OCPD) of your city to complain about the matter:



Complaints: many cases of burglary - a few cases every night



drug activities at night - outsiders sold drugs



wild parties at night - very noisy



illegal motorcycle races - especially on weekends Suggestion:



need for more police patrols - Send mobile police vehicles to monitor the area

When writing the letter, you should remember to  address your letter to the OCPD of the Melaka District Police Station.  lay out the letter correctly (addresses, date, salutation, title, closing)  use all the notes given and elaborate on each point.  provide your own suggestion on how to overcome the problem.

Note: For your letter, you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points, and up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 7: Speech/Talk Your school is celebrating Reading Month and you have been asked to give a talk to the students to encourage them to read novels. Use the notes below to write your talk: READING FICTION : 

an inexpensive entertainment



transports one to another world



develops your social brain



builds better relationships



improves leadership skills



encourages understanding of people



instills values such as tolerance



encourages understanding of different cultures



prepares one to face the world



helps to see things from another’s perspective

When writing the talk, you must remember to: -

greet your audience

-

mention the purpose of your talk

-

include all the notes

-

add in two additional points

-

end your talk appropriately

-

remember that your readers are students

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SPM 2018 MODULE Before you start elaborating, read the question and complete the F.A.C.T.S below:

Know Thy F.A.C.T.S Format Audience Contents Task Situation

LEARNING TO ELABORATE CONTENT POINTS CONTENT POINT 1. an inexpensive entertainment

REWRITE THE POINT

ELABORATE THE POINT

2. transports one to another world

3. develops your social brain

4. builds better relationships

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SPM 2018 MODULE 5.improves leadership skills

6. encourages understanding of people

7. instills values such as tolerance

8.encourages understanding of different cultures

9. prepares one to face the world

10. helps to see things from another’s perspective

11. Point 11

12. Point 12

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 8: Speech/Talk Disciplinary cases have been an ongoing problem occurring in many schools in our country nowadays. As the Head Prefect of your school, you have been asked by your teacher to give a speech about the problems and suggestions to solve this matter. Use the notes given below to write your speech Problems: • smoking • bullying • gangsterism • vandalism • playing truant • theft Suggestions • counselling session • parents’ attention • motivational talk • ongoing monitoring When writing the speech, you must remember to: -

greet your audience mention the purpose of your soeech include all the notes Suggest twonother ways the community can contribute in solving disciplinary problems end your talk appropriately

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] PRACTICE 9: Report It’s the Environment Month in your school. In conjunction with the Environment Month, one of the activities is to visit the Recycling Centre. You, as one of the participants have been requested to write a report to the teacher- in-charge of the visit. Details of the visit  Date  Numbers of students on the trip  Name the recycling centre  Objectives: - Widen students’ knowledge on recycling - Encourage students to play their role  What you did do at the centre? - Welcomed by the recycling centre manager - Videos on benefits of recycling and the effects of landfill - Quizzes on recycling - Tour along the gallery walkway in the factory - Visit to Education room – see recycled display items  Benefits (suggest TWO BENEFITS you gained during the visit)

When writing your report, you should remember to: - Address to the teacher-in-charge - State the writer’s name - Use all the notes given - suggest TWO BENEFITS you gained during the visit - End your report appropriately

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SPM 2018 MODULE

Before you start elaborating, read the question and complete the F.A.C.T.S below:

Know Thy F.A.C.T.S Format Audience Contents Task Situation

LEARNING TO ELABORATE CONTENT POINTS CONTENT POINT 1. Date

REWRITE THE POINT

ELABORATE THE POINT

2. Numbers of students on the trip

3. Name the recycling centre

4.Widen students’ knowledge recycling

on

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SPM 2018 MODULE 5. Encourage students to play their role

6. Welcomed by the recycling centre manager

7. Videos on benefits of recycling and the effects of landfill 8.Quizzes on recycling

9. Tour along the gallery walkway in the factory

10. Visit to Education room – see recycled display items 11. Benefit 1

12. Benefit 2

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes]

PRACTICE 10 : Report Recently, as a member of the Reading Club of your school, you have carried a survey on why students do not like to spend their free time in the library. As the member of the school’s Reading Club, you have been asked to write a report to the Principal to inform about the findings of the survey and to suggest solutions to overcome the problems. Include the following points in your report:

COMPLAINT

SUGGESTIONS



Outdated books and in poor conditions



Purchase new books and other reading materials



School library is underfund



Get sponsorships



insufficient chairs and tables



Add new chairs



Less electronic resources



Purchase more computers



Library hours too short



Extend the library hours



(ADD ONE MORE COMPLAINT)



(GIVE ONE SUGGESTION)

When writing your report, you should remember to: - address it to the Principal - give a title x use all the notes given - give ONE complaint and ONE suggestion - end your report appropriately

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SPM 2018 MODULE CONTINUOUS WRITING TYPES OF CONTINUOUS WRITING • NARRATIVE – writing a story • ARGUMENTATIVE – stating views • DESCRIPTIVE – describing an event/scene, place, person • FACTUAL – characterising facts • REFLECTIVE – reflecting OWN experience COMPONENTS IN CONTINUOUS WRITING i) Brainstorming and outlining a plot to help to stimulate the mind to think deeper by using the “5W1H” formula : o Who is it? (Person/People) o What is it? (Objects/Things) o Where is it? (Place) o When is it? (Time) o Why is it? (Reason) o How is it? (Method) ii) Paragraphing :o INTRODUCTION: A brief, relevant and interesting introduction to attract readers‟attention. When writing the introductory paragraph, always remember “what, how & why” questions. You must be able to lead your reader into defining the purpose of your piece of writing. o CONTENTS: You must be able to define your main ideas relevant to the topic clearly and accurately. Your supporting idea must be stated clearly which must be relevant to the main idea. This should be followed by further elaboration and examples which are relevant to the main idea. a) Main Idea b) b) Supporting Idea c) c) Elaboration/Explanation d) d) Relevant examples o CONCLUSION: A convincing and satisfactory conclusion with suggestions & possible solutions. You should be able to end your writing effectively and give your readers a sense of completion or satisfaction. You may like to highlight the issues discussed and suggest possible solutions to the issues highlighted. 1. NARRATIVE WRITING a) Definition of a narrative A narrative tells or narrates a story or a sequence of events. It may be about something common or uncommon, for example, a strange encounter or events, a sudden catastrophe, a crisis, a conflict, a victory, an exciting adventure or discovery. However, it may be also be about an ordinary experience or the daily routines that can occur in our daily life. b) Tips on writing a narrative Sense of sight – colourful lights, wide variety of food, lush greeneries, dark stormy, tall, dark and beautiful lady Sense of smell– smell of coffee brewing, aroma of crisp fried chicken, pungent smell of rotten eggs Sense of touch– soft silky material, rough surface, warm pot, hot iron, slimy dirty plates Sense of taste– bitter coffee, sweet and savoury puff, hot and spicy chicken, sour grapes Sense of hearing– blaring of horns, the sound of footsteps, doors creaking, brakes screeching

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SPM 2018 MODULE

ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING a) Definition of an argumentative In an argumentative essay, students are required to state their views on an issue. These views can be in favour or against the issue. Students may be required to make a stand or present a balanced view of the issue and state their stand or recommendation in the conclusion. Whatever the format required, all views, for and against, must be supported by examples and facts. b) Tips on the format in writing an argumentative • Introduction - Look at the issues or topic concern - Explain the issue or topic given - Express stand, if required • Body - Arguments for - Arguments against Give supporting statement - Give evidence - Compare& contrast - Justify argument - Justify with examples - Conclusion or recommendation - Restate your stand c) Some useful expressions in an argumentative essay I agree…/I disagree…/I believe…/I don’t believe… It cannot be denied…/There is no doubt… I am sure that… My intention is… I am of the opinion… d) How to write a “thesis statement” Using the brainstorming techniques (5W1H) will enable the students to generate ideas & details related to the topic concern. • WHY? (To identify the problems/ideas related to the topic) • HOW? (To come up with solutions/recommendation) a) Features of an argumentative i) Introduction - TO AGREE : Thesis statement of agreement - TO DISAGREE : Thesis statement of disagreement - NEUTRAL : Thesis statement of neutrality ii) Body • Topic sentence 1 (first reason) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence • Topic sentence 1 (Reason (s) for agreement) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence • Topic sentence 2 (second reason) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence • Topic sentence 2 (Reason (s) for disagreement) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence • Topic sentence 3 (third reason) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence • Topic sentence 3 (Reason (s) for dis/agreement) Supporting ideas to support the topic sentence iii) Conclusion Restatement of opinion Summary of main points 3

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SPM 2018 MODULE

DESCRIPTIVE WRITING There are three (3) types of descriptive essays: A. Describing a scene/event B. Describing a person C. Describing a place A. Describing a scene/event When describing a scene or event, you are required to write in some details about the people and activities going on. Guidelines in writing descriptions of scenes/events. • Be clear about what scene/event you are describing. • Description must be lively and interesting. • Describe activities in details. • Activities are arranged in order. • Highlight person involved & what are they doing. • Capture the mood of the scene (noise, lights & colours). B. Describing a place When describing a place, you are required to describe the place in detail. In your description, include the people and activities going on. Guidelines in writing descriptions of places. • Give an introduction to the place • Give a physical description of the place (from outside moving to inside) • Describe what you see and hear • Describe in details the activities and attractions • Can include your personal feelings about the place DO’s • Have a good grasp of the topic • Write about the place/scene only if you have the knowledge about it • Describe the activities of the people in it • Write about your feelings / impressions of the place or scene • Write concluding lines about your description

DON’Ts • Choose a topic if you don’t understand • Try to describe a place/scene if you are not sure about it • Leave out the activities of the people in it • Leave out your feelings about the place/ scene • End your description without a conclusion

C. Describing a person When describing a person/a group of people, you should give enough details about the person/people. Include their lifestyle, contributions if any and daily activities. Guidelines in writing descriptions of people • Be clear about who you are describing • If he/she is a famous person, mention why is he/she famous • If it is about a group, some knowledge about them is vital • Your description must be interesting • Mention the special features why that

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SPM 2018 MODULE

FACTUAL / EXPOSITORY WRITING a) Introduction You are required to write a composition which demands some knowledge of the topic. This topic requires the students to investigate an idea, evaluate evidence, expound on the idea and present in a clear and concise manner. It is based on facts such as real events or happenings, real examples and real figures if any. If it is on a current issue, you need to have read about it. Guidelines in writing factual / expository essay • Understand what you should write • Have a good knowledge on the topic • Jot down relevant point using mind map • Arrange the points in sequence / orderly • Try to elaborate with real figures, examples, names • Points must be well explained or illustrated DO’S • Have a good knowledge of the topic • Jot down the points • Define the topic & give relevant examples • Arrange points according to importance • Give relevant examples & figures • Present points clearly • Sum up points accurately

DON’TS • Choose a topic if you are not sure about the facts • Start writing immediately • Start writing without giving any clear definition • Jumble up your points • Forget to give relevant examples & illustrations • Present points poorly • End without a conclusion

REFLECTIVE WRITING a) Definition of a reflective A reflective tells or narrates personal story or experience. It may be something that changes one’s attitude, opinion or behaviour. However, it may be also be about an ordinary experience or the daily routines that is memorable. b) Tips on writing a reflective What – the event / person Why – the changes it made When – time of the incident How it happened – the beginning of the incident How it resolved – the ending that resulted the change

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SPM 2018 MODULE

FEATURES IN WRITING TASK When you write, it is important for you to pay attention to the following: I. Tense II. Cohesiveness III. Plot IV. Characterization I. Tense A narrative usually describes events or happenings in the past. Thus, the Past Tense forms are usually used in narrative writing. Other tenses are also used but not as frequently. II. Cohesiveness The flow of the story is important as it sets the mood of the storyline. Events should be arranged logically and systematically. This can be done by using connectors and suitable linkers. III. Plot The plot is the story framework. It is the storyline of, for example, how a character changes or how a mystery is solved or how an enemy is defeated. To be interesting, a story must have a good plot. IV. Characterization The event in the story usually happens to the main character and how he/she solves a problem or overcomes challenges thrown towards him. Thus, characterization should include the description, the characteristics as well as clear incidents that show his utmost outstanding personality.

USEFUL WORDS & PHRASES TO DESCRIBE EMOTIONS AND REACTIONS EMOTION

HAPPY

SAD

FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

BODY GESTURE

FEELING

• smiled from ear to ear • blushed cheeks • tears of joy

• danced • jumped • singing

• want to fly • feel like hugging everyone • tell the whole world

• heart missed a beat or two • jumped out of my skin • eyes nearly popped out

• slumped shoulders • head bowed • heart breaks into pieces

• do not want to face anyone anymore • want the ground to open to swallow (you)

ANGRY

• stared dagger • flaring nose • started calling names / cursing

• slammed the door •clutching fists • kicked whatever in sight

AFRAID

• gritted teeth • pale-white face

• trembling • sweat • legs nailed to the ground

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• want the world to end • want to stab • want to strangle • turn to lion

• it was a dream • to disappear • to be invisible

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SPM 2018 MODULE

USEFUL VOCABULARY & SENTENCE PATTERNS A. THE SKY • The blazing sun was shining through the cloudless sky ( a hot mid-day) • The sun rose, slowly and majestically, over mountains (early morning) • The sun appeared over the horizon, giving out rays of faint yellow light. (dawn/sunrise) • Everything looked radiant in the early morning sun. B. THE BEACH/SEA • Tall coconut palms swayed gracefully to the sounds of the sea waves (beach) • The gentle waves rolled endlessly towards the white sparkling beach (beach) • The whispering breeze and splashing waves gently rocks me to sleep. • The winds caresses my cheeks and ruffles your hair as I relish the tickling sensation of the waves crashing at my feet. C. A STORM • The sky darkened and it threatened to rain but the weather held (gloomy with no rain) • Lightning streaked across the sky • There was a flash of lightning followed by a rumble of thunder. • The wind shrieked. The wind howled • A peal of thunder boomed in the distance. D. A VILLAGE • The village houses were hurdled together ,surrounded by lush green shrubs and trees • As it was a fruit season, the wind carried the strong fruity aroma, tantalizing all who came across it. • Behind the quaint little huts, thick green forests and hills lends a majestic surrounding to the village. • The garden was a kaleidoscope of colour as red, pink and orange flowers danced gracefully in the gentle breeze E. DAY/NIGHT • The dark night was slowly crawling by and the dawn was approaching • As the moon makes a retreat, the sun rises in all its radiance and splendour. • A new day is born. • The night crawled by slowly. • The stars twinkled in the black sky like thousands of fireflies • The cry of million cicadas broke the silence of the night • In the dead of the night, came the sound of the banging of a door. 1. The Sense of Sight The white sand. The tiny pink shells. The way the sea is the same blue as the sky, making it hard to tell where one ends and the other begins. T he rocks still wet from high tide. 2. The Sense of Smell The smell of a woodland in summer after rain. Sour milk in the refrigerator.

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SPM 2018 MODULE The first smell of the sea through a car window.

3. The Sense of Sound screeching gulls and waves breaking on pebbles his heels clicking on the marble the jangle of loose change in his pocket. 4. The Sense of Taste When a character arrives at the coast, the usual thing would be to have them smell the sea. Instead, you could have them taste the salty breeze. When a young boy captures a frog at the bottom of the garden, have him lick it. When a character is returning to his childhood home, have him taste his mother's roast chicken and gravy when he is still 100 miles away. It is the first icy day of winter and it starts to snow. A character looks up and tries to catch the flakes on her tongue. Further down the street, her younger brother, tortured by curiosity, licks a metal pole. 5. The Sense of Touch like the feel of cool cotton sheets, like being head butted in the nose, A greasy stove A character's cracked lips A cold, sweaty handshake

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SPM 2018 MODULE IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS To face the music To live from hand to mouth To sit on the fence To be in the same boat In hot water Have green fingers Burn the midnight oil Once in a blue moon At the eleventh hour Bear in mind Turn over a new leaf To paint the town red Keep an eye In high spirits Getting on my nerves Out of the blue Not my cup of tea Eye catching Around the corner By hook or by crook To keep one’s fingers crossed Keep your word Where there’s a will, there’s a way Lend a hand I am all ears A close shave Flying colours To believe your ears Not kidding Blow one’s trumpet Down to earth Caught red handed In a twinkling of an eye Under the weather Took to heart Bad blood Throw in the towel Easier said than done Don’t lose heart Count me in Practice makes perfect Drive me up the wall The early bird catches the worm Let the cat out of the bag Black sheep A white elephant Drop a line write Put your mind to it A bookworm

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MEANINGS To take the punishment or scolding To live in hardship To take no sides in a debate/ a quarrel To be in the same circumstances In trouble Good at gardening Study until late at night Seldom At the last minute Remember To change for the better To enjoy oneself Look after Happy Making me annoyed/irritated Unexpectedly Not to my liking Attractive Coming soon By all means To hope for the best Keep your promise When you are determined, you will succeed Help I am listening A narrow escape Good grades To believe what you hear Not joking To boast Humble/Honest Caught in the act Very quickly Slightly ill Be upset by Feeling of strong dislike Give up Easier to talk about an idea than carry it out Don’t be discouraged Include me You will be good if you do it often Make me very angry Those who are early will benefit Let a secret out Person who is an embarrassment Useless possession write Concentrate One who likes to read

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SPM 2018 MODULE

PHRASAL VERBS Run into Put off Call on Watch out Close shave Turn up Look out Look into Get through Cut down Look forward Look after Break/Broke into Break/Broke down Hold/Held up Give up Rely on Set Off Takes after Come across Throw up On and off Drop in Come up Passed away Deal with Get over Carry on Get along with Running out Put in Map out Look out Look up to Make up Crash into Get ready Tag along Round up Ages ago

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MEANINGS Meet Postponed Visit Be careful Narrow escape Attend/Arrive Be careful Investigate Pass Reduce Expect with pleasure Take care of Enter/Entered by force Stop/Stopped because of a fault Delay/Delayed Stop trying Depend on Start the journey Looks like/Behaves like Find by chance Vomit Sometimes Make a visit Happen Died Handle Recover Continue Be friendly with Lacking To spend time or energy/contribute Plan Look for/ Search Respect Compensate Hit Hurry Accompany Gather Long ago

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SPM 2018 MODULE

TIPS FOR SPM CONTINUOUS WRITING 1. Write a story because your errors (grammar, spelling, sentence structures and so on) will not be so glaring in a story compared to a factual/argumentative essay. 2. Always write about something real and close to you. It is easier than writing about something fictional, which you have to create and imagine. 3. Combine description with narration and you will get a wonderful story (see the sample of a narrative story ending with "We had never laughed so much in our lives"). 4. Prepare a story in advance. Write a story about two pages length; do not write too long because it will make the examiner spend longer time to read and mark your essay, which is quite annoying. Ask your teacher to check the grammar and the sentence structure. Then, memorize everything. Make sure that when you enter the exam hall, you have a story in your mind. Do not go there empty-headed; you will waste a lot of your precious time thinking of what to write on the spot. When you get the question paper, what you have to do is to adjust and adapt the story in your head to the question. Usually the question will ask you to write "a story beginning with..." or "a story ending with...”. So, be smart and creative. 5. Be positive (think positively) about yourself because self- confidence is important in writing a creative & interesting story. 6. Be bold to create a story based on personal experience or extensive reading (story books, etc.) as it allows your brain to flow freely as ideas can pop up now& then (feel free to express yourself or your thought). Jot it down quickly as the ideas pop up because our minds can play tricks on us. 7. Be smart to evaluate the ideas that pop up in your brain & only choose those are relevant to your story. 8. Be cautious about your sentences (simple, compound & complex) & to be safe, always use simple sentence (weak), simple & compound (average), compound & complex (good). 9. Be adventurous in creating your story either a real life story based on your personal experience or a fictional story with some adjustments based on your extensive reading. 10. A good writer keeps the examiner guessing whether the story is real or just fiction.

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 1 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of about 350 words on one of the following topics.

1. Describe an exciting holiday you had with your friends and how you felt about it. 2. Outdoor activities are important to instill leadership in oneself. Discuss 3. Describe how a sudden change in the weather brought disaster to your community. 4. Write a story about a young boy who lost his family ending with: “... he realized that it was the best decision he had made.” 5. “Man proposes but God disposes.” Describe an experience when something you had planned well shattered into pieces.

SET 2 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of about 350 words on one of the following topics:

a) Describe an unforgettable incident that happened during a camp. b) “The future of the world lies in educating the younger generation.” Discuss. c) The benefits of recycling. d) Write a story about an intelligent student ending with: “…but it was all too late now”. e) ‘Kindness is the most important quality a friend should have.’ Describe how a friend’s kindness helped you in a difficult time.

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 3 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of

about 350 words on one of the following topics.

1. Describe your unforgettable holiday and explain why. 2. Money cannot buy happiness. How far do you agree? 3. Why is watching television important 4. Write a story about a competition that you never thought you would win. End your story with: “I never thought it would happen, but I won!” 5. ‘Nothing ventured, nothing gained’. Describe how you achieved something through persistent hard work.

SET 4 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of

about 350 words on one of the following topics.

1. My dream job. 2. Good academic achievement is important for students. Discuss. 3. Development is the cause of global warming. Do you agree? 4. Write a story about your friend who never gives up. End your story with: …and I said, “I am proud of you.” 5. ‘Actions speak louder than words.’ Describe an experience when this was true for you.

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 5 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of

about 350 words on one of the following topics.

1. Describe your dream vacation and why you want it. 2. Information and communication technology has more advantages than disadvantages. How far do you agree? 3. Why it is important to conserve our forest? 4. Write a story about someone you know who have failed many times but never gives up until she became successful. Begin your story with: “Everyone thought she was going to fail again. After all, she has always failed….” 5.

“The price of greatness is diligence.” Describe the importance of being diligent.

SET 6 Section B: Continuous Writing [50 marks] [ Time suggested: One hour] Write a composition of 1. Describe a

about 350 words on one of the following topics.

country you have always wanted to visit.

2. “Being healthy is better than being rich.” Do you agree? 3. How has modern technology benefitted mankind? 4. Write a story ending with : “………. I am glad that I have such a helpful friend.” 5. “Don’t

judge a book by its cover”

Describe an experience based on the above proverb

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SPM 2018 MODULE MARKING SCHEME PAPER 1 Section A : Directed Writing (35 marks) Format Content -

-

3 marks

12 marks

Language -

20 marks

__________________________ TOTAL

:

35 marks

__________________________

A

FORMAT (3 marks) Award 1 mark each : F1

Adressing the Principal - For example

F2

To : The Principal of Sekolah …….

Giving title of the report - For example - School Canteen Poor Service

F3 B

Stating the writer of the report For example - Reported by : ………

CONTENT (12 marks) Award 1 mark each for each content use appropriately. Do not awards mark for mere mention of key words. C1

-

Unhealthy Food

C2

-

Oily fried ‘keropok lekor’

C3

-

Less vegetable

C4

-

Lack of Cleanliness

C5

-

Stained glasses

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SPM 2018 MODULE

C

C6

-

Messy counter

C7

-

Poor Facilities

C8

-

Broken benches

C9

-

Slow water

C10 -

(First suggestion)

C11 -

(Second suggestion)

C12 -

(Third suggestion)

LANGUAGE (20 marks) CRITERIA OR MARKING LANGUAGE

Mark Range

Remarks/Description

A

 

19 – 20

    

B

 

16 - 18

    

The language is entirely accurate apart from occasional first draft slips. Sentence structure is varied and sophisticated – shows that the candidate is able to use sentence length and type to achieve an intended effect. Vocabulary – sophisticated and is used with precision. Punctuation is accurate and helpful to the reader. Spelling is accurate across the full range of vocabulary used. Paragraphs have unity and are appropriately linked. The style and tone are appropriate for a formal student-principal communication.

The language is almost always accurate but there will be minor errors of first draft slips. Sentence show some variation in length and type, including the confident use of complex sentences. Vocabulary is wide enough to convey intended shades of meaning with some precision. Punctuation is almost always accurate and generally helpful to the reader. Spelling is nearly always accurate. Written in paragraphs which show some unity and are usually linked appropriately. The style and tone are almost appropriate for a formal

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SPM 2018 MODULE student-principal communication.

C

13 - 15

      

D

10 - 12

        

E

7-9

     

The language is largely accurate.. Simple structure sentences are used without errors; mistakes may occur when more sophisticated structures are attempted. Vocabulary is adequate to convey intended meaning although it may not be suiciently developed to achieve precision. Punctuation is generally accurate although errors may occur in more complex uses. Spelling is generally accurate for common vocabulary. Written in paragraphs which show some unity although links may be absent or inappropriate at times. The style and tone maybe generally appropriate for a formal student-principal communication.

The language is sufficiently accurate for meaning to come through. There will be patches of clarity, accurate language, particularly when simple vocabulary and structures are used. Mistakes will occur when more complex sentences are attempted. There may be some variety of sentence length and type but this may not be successful in enhancing meaning or arousing interest. Vocabulary is adequate but lacks precision. Punctuation is generally accurate but does not enhance or clarify meaning. Simple words are spelt correctly, but errors may occur when unfamiliar words are used. Written in paragraphs which show some unity in topic and attempt to use links. The style and tone may not be entirely appropriate for a report to a principal but some attempt has been made.

Meaning is never in doubt, but single word errors are sufficiently frequent and serious to hamper precision and speed of reading. Some simple structures will be accurate but accuracy is not sustained. Vocabulary is limited and either too simple to convey precise meaning or is imperectly understood. Simple words may be spelt correc tly but requent mistaes in spelling and punctuation mae reading the script difficult. Paragraphs lack unity. Links are incorrectly used. There may be errors of sentence separation and punctuation. The style and tone are unlikely to be appropriate or a report. It may not show understanding o the detailed requirements o the task.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

U(i)

4–6

      

 U (ii)



2-3

 U (iii) 0-1

  

Meaning is fairly clear but the incidence o errors is high and definitely impedes the reading. A script at this level will have ew accurate structures. Vocabulary may not extend beyond a simple range of words that are inadequate to express intened shades of meaning. There may be frequent spelling errors. Punctuation will sometimes be used correctly but sentence separation errors may occur. Paragraphs may not be used, or if used, show a lack of planning. The style and tone are inappropriate for a talk.

Sense will be decipherable but some of the errors will be multiple in nature requiring the reader to re-read and reorganize beore meaning becomes clear. Whole sections may mae little or no sense. They are unlikely to be more than one or two accurate sentences. The content is incromprehnsible but its style and tone are hidden by the density of errors.

Scripts in this category are most entirely impossible to recognize as pieces of English. Whole sections may make no sense at all or are copied rom the task. Award ‘1’ mark I some sense can be obtained. The mark ‘0’should only be awarded if the talk makes no sense at all from the beginning to the end.

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 2 MARK SCHEME PAPER 1 SECTION A – DIRECTED WRITING Maximum Marks Content 15 marks Language 20 marks ___________ Total 35 marks ___________

Detailed Marking Instructions FORMAT :

3 MARKS

CONTENT

:

12 MARKS

LANGUAGE

:

20 MARKS

____________________________________ TOTAL

:

35 MARKS

Format :

F1 – Greeting F2 - Purpose of talk F3 - Appropriate ending

Content :

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SPM 2018 MODULE C1 an inexpensive entertainment C2 transports one to another world C3 develops your social brain C4 builds better relationships C5 improves leadership skills C6 encourages understanding of people C7 instills values such as tolerance C8 encourages understanding of different cultures C9 prepares one to face the world C10 helps to see things from another’s perspective C11

own point

C12 own point

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SPM 2018 MODULE Enrichment Exercises Section A Directed Writing [ 35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] The English Language Society of your school has recently made a trip to a hill resort. The teacher-advisor of the society has asked you to write a report on the trip for the school magazine. As Secretary of the society, write out the report. Write the report based on the information below.       

State the place Number of participants Objectives of the trip appreciate nature learn the importance of nature and environment get to know each other Places visited garden or park state another place Activities sightseeing nature walk activity 3 Successful visit One good memory of the trip

When writing the report, you must :

-

address the report to the principal

-

provide a tittle

-

include your name

-

use all the notes given

-

give your own ideas when needed

Note: For your report, you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points, and up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

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SPM 2018 MODULE SECTION B Continuous Writing [50 marks] [Time suggested : One hour)

SET 3 MARKING SCHEME FOR

PAPER

1

Section A : Directed Writing FORMAT : 3 marks CONTENT : 12 marks LANGUAGE : 20 marks ______________________ TOTAL : 35 marks ______________________ FORMAT ( 3 marks ) F1 :

Addressing the report to the principal………………………….1 mark

F2 :

Providing a tittle ………………………………………………..1 mark

F3 :

Writer’s name …………………………………………………..1 mark

CONTENT POINTS ( 12 MARKS ) C1



State the place

1 mark

C2



Number of participants

1 mark

C3

-

appreciate nature

1 mark

C4

-

learn the importance of nature and environment

1 mark

C5

-

get to know each other

1 mark

C6

-

garden or park

1 mark

C7

-

state another place

1 mark

C8

-

sightseeing

1 mark

C9

-

nature walk

1 mark

C10

-

activity 3

1 mark

C11



Successful visit

1 mark

C12



One good memory of the trip

1 mark

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 7 Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes]

Your school has organised ‘The Patriotism Week’ in conjunction with the National Day Celebration. As the secretary of English Language Society, your teacher has asked you to write a report about the event to the principal. Use the following points to write the report.

 Launching ceremony  objective Activities:

       

class decoration poem recitation key-chain drawing and decorating essay writing drama public speaking Jalur Gemilang – paint singing competition

When writing your report, you must:     

Address your report to the Principal. Provide a title. Include your name. Use all the points given. Suggest two other ways to promote patriotism among students besides organizing the event.

Note: For your report, you will receive up to 15 marks for format and content points and up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

SECTION A : DIRECTED WRITING This question is assessed as follows :

FORMAT

:

3 marks

CONTENT

: 12 marks

LANGUAGE

: 20 marks ----------

TOTAL

35 marks ======

2) FORMAT & CONTENT MARKS :

FORMAT

MARKS

F1 =

address to the principal

1

F2 =

title

1

F3 =

name

1

Sub-total

3

(All keywords must be mentioned or paraphrased before any content point can be awarded. If any idea is incomplete, content point cannot be awarded)

C1

launching ceremony

1

C2

objective

1

C3

class decoration

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1

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SPM 2018 MODULE

C4

C5

poem recitation

1

1

key-chain drawing and decorating

C6

essay writing

1

C7

drama

1

C8

public speaking

1

C9

Jalur Gemilang - paint

1

C10

singing competition

1

C11

a way to promote patriotism among students

1

C12

another way to promote patriotism among students

1

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Sub-total

12

Grand Total

15

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 8 You have just returned from Sabah as an exchange student. You have been asked by your teacher to give a talk about your experiences being an exchange student. Write your talk based on all the notes below.    

Organizer Duration of the programme Accommodation Activities : - visit places of interest - study in a local school - join community service - participate in cultural show



Benefits : - gain knowledge - get new friends - be independent

When writing the talk, you should remember :     

to use an appropriate greeting and closing to state the purpose of the talk to use all the notes given to add two more benefits of the programme that the talk is for school students ______________________________________________________________

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 9

Section A:

Directed Writing

[35 minutes] [Time suggested:

45 minutes]

CONTENT - 15 marks ** Do not award one mark for the mere mention of the main idea. Format points: F1 - writer and receiver addresses F1 - any appropriate salutation F3 - any appropriate closing

1 mark 1 mark 1 mark

Content points: C1 C2

many cases of burglary a few cases every night

C3 C4

drug activities at night outsiders sold drugs

C5 wild parties at night C6 very noisy C7 C8 C9 C10

illegal motorcycle races especially on weekends need for more police patrols Send mobile police vehicles to monitor the area

C11 Suggestion C12 Elaboration

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SPM 2018 MODULE

SET 11 Section A: Directed Writing (35 marks) (Time suggested : 45 minutes) Your school is celebrating Reading Month and you have been asked to give a talk to the students to encourage them to read novels. Use the notes below to write your talk:

READING FICTION :          

an inexpensive entertainment transports one to another world develops your social brain builds better relationships improves leadership skills encourages understanding of people instills values such as tolerance encourages understanding of different cultures prepares one to face the world helps to see things from another’s perspective

When writing the talk, you must remember to: -

greet your audience mention the purpose of your talk include all the notes add in two additional points end your talk appropriately remember that your readers are students

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SPM 2018 MODULE

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section B: Continuous Writing (50 marks) (Time suggested : One hour) Write a composition of about 350 words on one of the following topics:

f)

Describe an unforgettable incident that happened during a camp.

g) “The future of the world lies in educating the younger generation.” Discuss. h) The benefits of recycling. i)

Write a story about an intelligent student ending with: “…but it was all too late now”.

j)

‘Kindness is the most important quality a friend should have.’ Describe how a friend’s kindness helped you in a difficult time.

Prepared & Compiled by: NB

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SPM 2018 MODULE SET 12

Section A Directed Writing [ 35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes] The English Language Society of your school has recently made a trip to a hill resort. The teacher-advisor of the society has asked you to write a report on the trip for the school magazine. As Secretary of the society, write out the report. Write the report based on the information below.       

State the place Number of participants Objectives of the trip appreciate nature learn the importance of nature and environment get to know each other Places visited garden or park state another place Activities sightseeing nature walk activity 3 Successful visit One good memory of the trip

When writing the report, you must :

-

address the report to the principal

-

provide a tittle

-

include your name

-

use all the notes given

-

give your own ideas when needed

Note: For your report, you will receive up to 15 marks for the format and content points, and up to 20 marks for the quality of your writing.

Prepared & Compiled by: NB

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SPM 2018 MODULE

SECTION B Continuous Writing [50 marks] [Time suggested : One hour)

Write a composition of

about 350 words on one of the following topics.

6. Describe your unforgettable holiday and explain why. 7. Money cannot buy happiness. How far do you agree? 8. Why is watching television important 9. Write a story about a competition that you never thought you would win. End your story with: “I never thought it would happen, but I won!” 10. ‘Nothing ventured, nothing gained’. Describe how you achieved something

through persistent hard work.

Prepared & Compiled by: NB

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SPM 2018 MODULE Section A: Directed Writing [35 marks] [Time suggested: 45 minutes]

The dengue cases reported in your neighbourhood is on the rise. Write an article for the school newsletter about the symptoms of dengue and advising the students on dengue treatment and how to prevent it. Use the notes below to write your article: 

Symptoms - sudden high fever - pain behind the eyes - nausea – vomiting - skin rash



Treatments - a lot of rest - plenty of water - clinic or hospital



Precautions - mosquito net and repellent - long sleeved shirt when outdoor - breeding areas

When writing your article, you should remember to : 

provide a title



Include your name



Use all the notes given



recommend two effective programmes that your neighbourhood/school can organise to raise public awareness on the danger of dengue.

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SPM 2018 MODULE

SECTION B: CONTINUOUS WRITING [50 marks] [Time Suggested : One hour] Write a composition of about 350 words on one of the following topics.

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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