Onion
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- Pages: 9
1
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
ONION INTRODUCTION Onion is most widely used vegetable in the world after potato. It is used in almost every food. Especially the onion is widely used in the foods of South Asia. It can be said as cultural food item for the south Asians. Due to this reason onion is being cultivated on the vest area of country as compared to other vegetables. Onion is cultivated on vast land in the Pakistan and other favorable part of the world. The production of the onion is between 15 to 20 lac ton every year in the Pakistan. It is cultivated on 4 lac acres of land. According to the statistics of the agriculture department of Pakistan mostly the onion is cultivated in sindh, 40% of the onion is cultivated in sindh, 35, 15, and 12 in Baluchistan, Punjab and NWFP respectively. It is cultivated in different season in the province; there is no any season, in which onion is not being cultivated in the Pakistan, in Punjab its harvest is in the end of January or in the end of February or March. The onion is cultivated in kussar, wiharry, khaniwl, multan and shekupura districts of the Punjab, but the seed of onion, which is cultivated
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
2
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
in the Punjab is taken from the crops of the sindh. In sindh its harvest is in april, may, June and July. In sindh onion is cultivated in Hyderabad, sanghar, mirpurkhas, and nawabshah. These areas are very famous for cultivation of onion in sindh. In NWFP Swat, der, upper malakand, chersenda, and mahnda agency are cultivable area for the onion. In Baluchistan, chagi, kalot, faran, mutoongand and kuzdar are cultivable areas for the onion. It is being transported to the market throughout the four provinces of Pakistan. Following is the list of the prices of the onion year wise: Year
Average price
1999 2000
5 Rupees 9
2001 2002 2003
4 8 6
2004 2005
10 8
2006
30
In 2006, 30 rupees are average price, but the onion has touched 60 rupees per kilo during the year 2006.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
3
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Regarding this data the prices of the onion has increased up to 300%.
INTRODUCTION (Scientific) Onion, common name for any of a genus of biennial herbs, of the lily family, native to Asia but cultivated in temperate and subtropical regions for thousands of years. The true onion is a bulb-bearing plant. Its long, hollow leaves with thickened bases make up most of the bulb. The white or pink flowers, which are borne in umbels, have six sepals, six petals, six stamens, and a solitary pistil. In the varieties known as top onions, the flowers are supplanted by bulblets, which may be grown to obtain new plants. The plant contains sulfurous, volatile oils that give it a characteristic pungent taste; one component readily dissolves in water to produce sulfuric acid, which may be produced in the eyes and induce tears. Onions are one of the most versatile vegetables. They are eaten raw in salads, are cooked or pickled in a variety of ways, and are used as a flavoring or seasoning. Dehydrated onion products provide popular flavorings for soups and stews.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
4
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Onions raised in warm areas are planted as winter crops and are milder in taste and odor than onions planted during the summer in cooler regions. Yellow Bermuda and white Spanish onions are among the mildest cultivated onions. Onions are easily grown from seed that may be either field-grown directly or planted in beds to produce small bulbs, or sets. These are commonly dried and shipped to gardeners and commercial growers. Onions are adaptable to temperature and can be planted year-round as long as the soil is rich and moist. They are sown four to six weeks before the last frost in the spring or are planted in late summer for a fall crop. The crop is allowed to ripen in the field until tops begin to bend and break. The bulbs are then pulled up and spread or hung in a dry area to cure. Once dry, they are normally stored and shipped in slotted or open-mesh bags to keep them dry enough to prevent sprouting. United States commercial production of onions at the beginning of the 21st century exceeded 3,000,000 metric tons.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
5
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Other onions in the genus include the nodding wild onion, the shallot, the chive, and the green onion, or common leek. Both the shallot and the green onion, which have small bulbs, are also known as scallions. Scientific classification: Onions make up the genus Allium, of the family Liliaceae. The true onion is classified as Allium cepa; the nodding wild onion as Allium cernuum; the shallot as Allium ascalonicum; the chive as Allium schoenoprasum; and the green onion, or common leek, as Allium ampeloprasum.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
6
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this research assignment is just to learn about the origin of the onion. Where the onion is being cultivated in the Pakistan. What are the favorable seasons for the cultivation of the onion? Price changes of the onion in the market of Pakistan.
HYPOTHESIS The facts used in this assignment are of Primary and secondary nature. These facts are somehow proven to be true.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1. Primary The Primary sort of data is mostly measured from the local market of Sukkur city. The Onion in the market of Sukkur arrives from the markets of internal sindh. Current price of the onion in the local market of Sukkur is 6 rupees per Kilo gram. A local vendor from the market of the Sukkur told us that nearly 30 to 60 truks full of onion arrive here in the market of Sukkur. You also can analyze this situation by traffics
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
7
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
jam outside the market if pass through the road near to the market. 2. Secondary The most of the secondary data is taken from the magazines and research articles from the internet. Onion is cultivated on vast land in the Pakistan and other favorable part of the world. The production of the onion is between 15 to 20 lac ton every year in the Pakistan. It is cultivated on 4 lac acres of land. According to the statistics of the agriculture department of Pakistan mostly the onion is cultivated in sindh, 40% of the onion is cultivated in sindh, 35, 15, and 12 in Baluchistan, Punjab and NWFP respectively. It is cultivated in different season in the province; there is no any season, in which onion is not being cultivated in the Pakistan, in Punjab its harvest is in the end of January or in the end of February or March. The onion is cultivated in kussar, wiharry, khaniwl, multan and shekupura districts of the Punjab, but the seed of onion, which is cultivated in the Punjab is taken from the crops of the sindh. In sindh its harvest is in april, may, June and July. In sindh onion is cultivated in Hyderabad, sanghar, mirpurkhas, and nawabshah. These areas are very famous for cultivation of onion in sindh. In NWFP
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
8
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Swat, der, upper malakand, chersenda, and mahnda agency are cultivable area for the onion. In Baluchistan, chagi, kalot, faran, mutoongand and kuzdar are cultivable areas for the onion. It is being transported to the market throughout the four provinces of Pakistan. The total consumption of the onion in Pakistan is nearly 20 lac tons. Nowadays prices are at normal but in the last few months the price of the onion was very high as compared to the last year’s prices.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION In the results of the research concluded above are to know about the marketing of the onion throughout the country. What are the main areas of cultivation of the onion in Pakistan? In perspective of the onion market there were many discussions around the country about the last year’s price ceilings or price hike. Policy makers started thinking about the shortage of the onion in the market.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
9
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
CONCLUSION The onion is one of the basic vegetables used in the houses in the process of food. To study the market of onion of Pakistan. Pakistani agriculture sector should produce more and more of the onion to avoid price hike.
REFERENCES: • • • •
Encarta Sunday Magazine Self research WWW.GOOGLE.COM
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
ONION INTRODUCTION Onion is most widely used vegetable in the world after potato. It is used in almost every food. Especially the onion is widely used in the foods of South Asia. It can be said as cultural food item for the south Asians. Due to this reason onion is being cultivated on the vest area of country as compared to other vegetables. Onion is cultivated on vast land in the Pakistan and other favorable part of the world. The production of the onion is between 15 to 20 lac ton every year in the Pakistan. It is cultivated on 4 lac acres of land. According to the statistics of the agriculture department of Pakistan mostly the onion is cultivated in sindh, 40% of the onion is cultivated in sindh, 35, 15, and 12 in Baluchistan, Punjab and NWFP respectively. It is cultivated in different season in the province; there is no any season, in which onion is not being cultivated in the Pakistan, in Punjab its harvest is in the end of January or in the end of February or March. The onion is cultivated in kussar, wiharry, khaniwl, multan and shekupura districts of the Punjab, but the seed of onion, which is cultivated
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
2
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
in the Punjab is taken from the crops of the sindh. In sindh its harvest is in april, may, June and July. In sindh onion is cultivated in Hyderabad, sanghar, mirpurkhas, and nawabshah. These areas are very famous for cultivation of onion in sindh. In NWFP Swat, der, upper malakand, chersenda, and mahnda agency are cultivable area for the onion. In Baluchistan, chagi, kalot, faran, mutoongand and kuzdar are cultivable areas for the onion. It is being transported to the market throughout the four provinces of Pakistan. Following is the list of the prices of the onion year wise: Year
Average price
1999 2000
5 Rupees 9
2001 2002 2003
4 8 6
2004 2005
10 8
2006
30
In 2006, 30 rupees are average price, but the onion has touched 60 rupees per kilo during the year 2006.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
3
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Regarding this data the prices of the onion has increased up to 300%.
INTRODUCTION (Scientific) Onion, common name for any of a genus of biennial herbs, of the lily family, native to Asia but cultivated in temperate and subtropical regions for thousands of years. The true onion is a bulb-bearing plant. Its long, hollow leaves with thickened bases make up most of the bulb. The white or pink flowers, which are borne in umbels, have six sepals, six petals, six stamens, and a solitary pistil. In the varieties known as top onions, the flowers are supplanted by bulblets, which may be grown to obtain new plants. The plant contains sulfurous, volatile oils that give it a characteristic pungent taste; one component readily dissolves in water to produce sulfuric acid, which may be produced in the eyes and induce tears. Onions are one of the most versatile vegetables. They are eaten raw in salads, are cooked or pickled in a variety of ways, and are used as a flavoring or seasoning. Dehydrated onion products provide popular flavorings for soups and stews.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
4
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Onions raised in warm areas are planted as winter crops and are milder in taste and odor than onions planted during the summer in cooler regions. Yellow Bermuda and white Spanish onions are among the mildest cultivated onions. Onions are easily grown from seed that may be either field-grown directly or planted in beds to produce small bulbs, or sets. These are commonly dried and shipped to gardeners and commercial growers. Onions are adaptable to temperature and can be planted year-round as long as the soil is rich and moist. They are sown four to six weeks before the last frost in the spring or are planted in late summer for a fall crop. The crop is allowed to ripen in the field until tops begin to bend and break. The bulbs are then pulled up and spread or hung in a dry area to cure. Once dry, they are normally stored and shipped in slotted or open-mesh bags to keep them dry enough to prevent sprouting. United States commercial production of onions at the beginning of the 21st century exceeded 3,000,000 metric tons.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
5
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Other onions in the genus include the nodding wild onion, the shallot, the chive, and the green onion, or common leek. Both the shallot and the green onion, which have small bulbs, are also known as scallions. Scientific classification: Onions make up the genus Allium, of the family Liliaceae. The true onion is classified as Allium cepa; the nodding wild onion as Allium cernuum; the shallot as Allium ascalonicum; the chive as Allium schoenoprasum; and the green onion, or common leek, as Allium ampeloprasum.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
6
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this research assignment is just to learn about the origin of the onion. Where the onion is being cultivated in the Pakistan. What are the favorable seasons for the cultivation of the onion? Price changes of the onion in the market of Pakistan.
HYPOTHESIS The facts used in this assignment are of Primary and secondary nature. These facts are somehow proven to be true.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1. Primary The Primary sort of data is mostly measured from the local market of Sukkur city. The Onion in the market of Sukkur arrives from the markets of internal sindh. Current price of the onion in the local market of Sukkur is 6 rupees per Kilo gram. A local vendor from the market of the Sukkur told us that nearly 30 to 60 truks full of onion arrive here in the market of Sukkur. You also can analyze this situation by traffics
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
7
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
jam outside the market if pass through the road near to the market. 2. Secondary The most of the secondary data is taken from the magazines and research articles from the internet. Onion is cultivated on vast land in the Pakistan and other favorable part of the world. The production of the onion is between 15 to 20 lac ton every year in the Pakistan. It is cultivated on 4 lac acres of land. According to the statistics of the agriculture department of Pakistan mostly the onion is cultivated in sindh, 40% of the onion is cultivated in sindh, 35, 15, and 12 in Baluchistan, Punjab and NWFP respectively. It is cultivated in different season in the province; there is no any season, in which onion is not being cultivated in the Pakistan, in Punjab its harvest is in the end of January or in the end of February or March. The onion is cultivated in kussar, wiharry, khaniwl, multan and shekupura districts of the Punjab, but the seed of onion, which is cultivated in the Punjab is taken from the crops of the sindh. In sindh its harvest is in april, may, June and July. In sindh onion is cultivated in Hyderabad, sanghar, mirpurkhas, and nawabshah. These areas are very famous for cultivation of onion in sindh. In NWFP
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
8
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
Swat, der, upper malakand, chersenda, and mahnda agency are cultivable area for the onion. In Baluchistan, chagi, kalot, faran, mutoongand and kuzdar are cultivable areas for the onion. It is being transported to the market throughout the four provinces of Pakistan. The total consumption of the onion in Pakistan is nearly 20 lac tons. Nowadays prices are at normal but in the last few months the price of the onion was very high as compared to the last year’s prices.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION In the results of the research concluded above are to know about the marketing of the onion throughout the country. What are the main areas of cultivation of the onion in Pakistan? In perspective of the onion market there were many discussions around the country about the last year’s price ceilings or price hike. Policy makers started thinking about the shortage of the onion in the market.
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
9
SHAH ABDUL LATIF UNIVERSITY KHAIRPUR
CONCLUSION The onion is one of the basic vegetables used in the houses in the process of food. To study the market of onion of Pakistan. Pakistani agriculture sector should produce more and more of the onion to avoid price hike.
REFERENCES: • • • •
Encarta Sunday Magazine Self research WWW.GOOGLE.COM
DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMISTRATION
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