Important things to keep in mind when using nouns are which article to use and how to form the plural and how to form the possessive case.
Article Direct article - the Example: the house Indirect article a / an a - if the first letter of the following word is pronounced like a consonant Example: a car, a university An - if the first letter of the following word is pronounced like a vowel Example: an apple, an hour
Plural General rule: singular form + s Example: a car - two cars After s, ch, x, z the plural is formed by adding es Example: a box - two boxes Y after a consonant is changed to ie before the plural s Example: a city - two cities But: y after a vowel is not changed Example: a boy - two boys After o the plural is usually formed by adding es (this is not the case, however, with words used for electric gadgets and music: radio, video, disco) Example: a tomato - two tomatoes
Possessive Case of Nouns adding 's usually used for people Ronny's brother
of phrase usually used for things the name of the school
If there is a relation to people when using the possessive case with unanimated things, often the s is added instead of using an of phrase. Example: Germany's economy or the economy of Germany When using the possessive case with a time, s is added. Example: a three week's holiday
Pronouns are words like I, me (personal pronouns) or my, mine (possessive pronouns). Personal Pronouns object subject form form I me you you he him she her it it we us you you they them
Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns possessive adjective possessive pronoun my your his her its our your their
Personal Pronouns - Subject Form Example: We have got some books.
mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
Reflexive Pronouns myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves