Normal Developement

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT Dhruv Mehta

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT

• SENSORI-MOTOR DEVELOPMENT • VAST PRE-NATAL EXPERIENCES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY AND • •

SENSATIONS OF MOVT. FETAL MOVTS DISPLAY CLEARLY DEFINED MOTOR PATTERNS. POST-NATAL MOVTS REFLECTION AND CONTINUATION OF FETAL MOTOR PATTERNS.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT

• • • •

PRE-NATALLY 2 AND HALF MONTHS GRASP REFLEX SEEN, AT 3 MONTHS OPENING AND CLOSING OF HANDS AT 4 AND HALF MONTHS FETUS THRUSTS AGAINST UTERINE WALL, JUMPING TO CHANGE POSITION AND DURING PARTURITION ASSIST THE PROCESS. AT 7 MONTHS RECIPROCAL LIMB MOVEMENTS(LOCOMOTOR) SIMILAR TO WALKING

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT

• EARLY MOVTS. PRE-FUNCTIONAL,MODIFIED INTO •

MATURE MOTOR ACTIONS. DEVELOPMENT A GENETICALLY DETERMINED MATURATIONAL PROCESS,BUT INFANTS EXPERIENCES AND DEMANDS OF THE ENVIORNMENT ALSO CONTRIBUTE GREATLY.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • Functional Neuronal Connections Are Optimized By Practice. • Human Warmth,Challenges,and A Stimulating Environment •

Facilitate Development. Early Movements Thought Reflexive, but Are Elementary Motor Patterns Or Primary Motor Patterns.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT

• FIRST YEAR OF LIFE AND FIRST FEW YEARS ACQUISITION • •

OF POSTURAL CONTROL AND BALANCE. POSTURAL CONTROL MUST OCCUR IN 3 PLANES .DEVELOPEMENT OF THIS THREE DIMENSIONAL CONTROL SEEMS TO FOLLOW A SPECIFIC SEQUENCE. SAGITTAL PLANE CONTROL

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • FLEXION/EXTENSION CONTROL,CEPHALO-CAUDAL WEIGHT • •

SHIFT. FRONTAL PLANE CONTROL,LATERAL RIGHTING AND BALANCE. TRANSVERSE PLANE CONTROL ROTATION BETWEEN AXIS.

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT. • DEVELOPMENT THOUGHT TO BE CEPHALOCAUDAL,BUT MOTION ANALYSIS SHOWS THAT CONTROL DEVELOPS SIMULTANEOUSLY IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BODY OR A LIMB. • CONSTANT INTERPALY BETWEEN VARIOUS BODY SEGMENTS,HEAD CONTROL CAN BE REFINED ONLY ON THE BASIS OF SOME TRUNK CONTROL AND SHOULDER GIRDLE STABILITY.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • CONSTANT INTERPLAY.CEPHALO-

CAUDAL,PROXIMO-DISTAL. • MASS MOVEMENTS FIRST,CLOSE TO THE BODY,LATER SELECTIVE AND AWAY FROM THE BODY. • FROM ASSOCIATION TO DISASSOCIATION. • EXPLORATION,FORMATION OF BODY PERCEPT,DE-SENSITISATION.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • FIRST 3 MONTHS HEAD CONTROL • PRONE AND SUPINE, • SYMMETRY,EXTENSION,CHIN TUCK,HANDS IN MIDLINE,SHOULDERS OPEN UP,DISSOCIATION OF HEAD FROM SHOULDER-GIRDLE /TRUNK.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • 3-6 MONTHS • IMPROVEMENT AND REFINEMENT OF HEAD

CONTROL. • SHOULDER GIRDLE STABILITY AND UPPER TRUNK CONTROL • SCAPULAR ADDUCTION,SWIMMING IN PRONE,ACTIVE FLEXION IN SUPINE,PELVIS DOWN,ROCKING SIDE-TO-SIDE,ROTATIONS AS CONTROL IN THREE PLANES DEVELOPING.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • 6-9 MONTHS

LOWER TRUNK CONTROL EQUILIBRIUM RNS PRESENT IN SITTING,PIVOTING PRESENT,PRONE TO QUADRUPED,TO SITTING SEQUENCES,ROCKING,LATERAL WEIGHT SHIFT WITH ROTATIONS.HIPPELVIC STABILITY IMPROVING.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • 9-12 MONTHS • GOOD TRUNK

CONTROL,EQUILIBRIUM REACTIONS PRONE,SITTING,QUADRUPED,SITTING FUNCTIONAL,SITTING TO CRAWL TRANSITIONS,WEIGHT SHIFTS FORWARD AND BACKWARD WITH ROTATIONS.

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • 9-12 MONTHS • KNEELING AND ACTIVE HIP

EXTENSION,PULLS TO STAND,KNEEL-HALFKNEEL,LATERAL WEIGHT SHIFT WITH FORWARD MOVEMENT,CRUISING ,LATER ECCENTRIC LOWERING,LATER STANDING,WIDE BASE,HIGH GUARD,WALK WITH ONE HAND HELD.THEN WEIGHT SHIFTS IN STANDING,ARMS THEN HAVE

NORMAL DEVELOPEMENT • RECIPROCATION WITH

LEGS.ROTATION,COUNTER ROTATION BETWEEN PELVIS,SHOULDER GIRDLE AS TRUNK DYNAMICALLY STABLE. • 2-3 YEARS JUMPING • 4 YEARS STANDING ON ONE LEG • 5 YEARS HOPPING

Prone Development Extension

Prone Development Extension

Prone Development Extension

Supine Development Flexion

Supine Development Flexion

Supine Development Flexion

Sitting Development

Sitting Development

Standing