New Zealand Orcas
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/RCA 2ESEARCH 4RUST PHOTOGRAPHS ¥ $R )NGRID . 6ISSER 4()3 #!4!,/'5% )3 ./4 4/ "% 53%$ &/2 #/--%2#)!, '!).
37)--).' s 9OU MAY NOT SWIM WITH WHALES INCLUDING ORCA s 9OU MAY SWIM WITH DOLPHINS BUT NOT WITH JUVENILE DOLPHINS OR A GROUP THAT INCLUDES JUVENILE DOLPHINS s .O RUBBISH OR FOOD SHALL BE THROWN NEAR OR AROUND NOR GIVEN TO ANY WHALE OR DOLPHIN
$2)6).' s !PPROACH FROM SLIGHTLY TO THE REAR AND PARALLEL TO THE ANIMALS 9OU MUST NOT CUT OFF THEIR PATH PREVENT THEM FROM LEAVING DRIVE THROUGH A GROUP CAUSE ANY TO BE SEPARATED FROM THEIR GROUP OR CAUSE ANY MEMBERS OF A GROUP TO BE SCATTERED s $O NOT MAKE SUDDEN OR REPEATED CHANGES IN SPEED OR DIRECTION s !T LESS THAN M YOU SHOULD MOVE THE VESSEL AT A CON STANT SLOW SPEED NO FASTER THAN THE SLOWEST ANIMAL OR AT IDLE OR hNO WAKEv SPEED s .O VESSEL SHALL APPROACH WITHIN M OF A WHALE OR ORCA s 4HERE SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN THREE VESSELS AROUND A WHALE OR GROUP OF DOLPHINS IF THERE ARE THREE VESSELS YOU SHOULD NOT GO CLOSER THAN M
.O PERSON SHALL DISTURB OR HARASS ANY WHALE OR DOLPHIN 9OU MUST ABANDON CONTACT IF THEY BECOME OR SHOWS SIGNS OF BECOMING DISTURBED OR ALARMED
7HEN VIEWING WHALES AND DOLPHINS PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THE FOL LOWING h7HALEv MEANS ALL SPECIES COMMONLY KNOWN AS WHALES AND INCLUDES BALEEN SPERM BEAKED PILOT AND ORCA h$OLPHINv MEANS ALL SPECIES COMMONLY KNOWN AS DOLPHINS AND INCLUDES DUSKY COMMON BOTTLENOSE AND (ECTORS DOLPHINS BUT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SPECIES KNOWN AS PILOT WHALES OR ORCA
%XTRACTED FROM THE -ARINE -AMMALS 0ROTECTION 2EGULATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION OF THE -ARINE -AMMALS 0ROTECTION !CT
7(!,% $/,0(). 7!4#().' '5)$%,).%3
PECTORAL lN
mANK PATCH
SADDLE PATCH PEDUNCLE mUKES
-!,% &%-!,% /2#! !DULT MALE ORCA n M n KG DORSAL lN CAN REACH M HIGH !DULT FEMALE ORCA n M n KG DORSAL lN IS OFTEN CURVED LIKE A DOLPHINS .EWBORN n M UP TO KG A YELLOW TINGE TO WHITE AREAS IF LESS THAN MONTHS OLD )MMATURE MALES CAN LOOK LIKE ADULT FEMALES /2#! "%(!6)/52 .EW :EALAND ORCA ARE UNIQUE 4HEY SPECIAL ISE IN HUNTING FOR RAYS AND SHARKS BUT ALSO TAKE DOLPHINS AND lSH 4HEY ARE OFTEN FOUND IN VERY SHALLOW WATERS /UR ORCA ARE VERY CURIOUS ABOUT BOATS AND WILL OFTEN APPROACH YOU $O NOT BE ALARMED 4HEY DO NOT MEAN TO HARM YOU THEY ARE JUST INQUISITIVE 2!9 (5.4).' .OWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD DO ORCA COME IN SO CLOSE TO THE SHORE TO HUNT FOR RAYS 4HEY ARE OFTEN SEEN IN LESS THAN M OF WATER INSIDE SURF ZONES ESTUARIES AND HARBOURS 4!), 7!6% 4AIL RAISED INTO THE AIR AND WAVED AROUND AS IF SWIMMING /FTEN SEEN IN SHALLOW WATER !DULT MALES HAVE CURLED TIPS OF mUKES 3(!2+ (5.4).' .: ORCA HAVE BEEN SEEN TAKING SIX SPECIES OF SHARK 4!), ,/" 4AIL RAISED INTO THE AIR AND SLAPPED ON THE WATER SURFACE 4HIS CAN BE TO WARN THAT YOUR BOAT IS TOO CLOSE 0%# 7!6% 0%# 3,!0 0ECTORAL lN LIFTED INTO THE AIR AND WAVED OR SLAPPED ON THE WATER SURFACE "2%!#( ,EAPING INTO THE AIR MAY COME ONLY HALFWAY OUT OF WATER 309 (/0&!#% /54 (EAD OUT OF THE WATER MAY RISE AS FAR AS PECTORAL lNS BUT NOT COMMON IN .EW :EALAND 352&).' 3URlNG BEHIND A BOAT OR ON NATURAL WAVE 0/20/)3).' 3WIMMING FAST AND LEAV ING THE WATER LIKE A PORPOISE ",/7 !S AN ORCA EXHALES ITS WARM BREATH CREATES A MIST 4HIS IS MORE OBVIOUS ON CALM COLD DAYS 42!6%, 4)'(4 4WO OR MORE ORCA TRAVELLING CLOSE TOGETHEROFTEN WITHIN TOUCHING DISTANCE OF EACH OTHER /FTEN OBSERVED WHEN ORCA ARE SLEEPING !002/!#( )F AN ORCA APPROACHES YOUR BOAT $O NOT BE ALARMED &OLLOW 7ATCHING 'UIDLINES
EYE ROSTRUM
MELON
EYE PATCH
DORSAL lN
/RCA DO STRAND BUT THEY CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY RESCUED IF HELP IS CALLED )F YOU lND A MARINE MAMMAL IN STRESS EG STRANDED OR ENTANGLED PLEASE CALL THE $/# (OTLINE OR THE 0ROJECT *ONAH 7HALE 2ESCUE (OTLINE &OR SIGHTING DATA SHEETS AND MORE INFORMATION GO TO WWWORCARESEARCHORG
)F YOU SEE ORCA PLEASE CALL 3%% /2#! URGENTLY TO ENABLE ORCA RESEARCHERS TO lND THEM
/RCA ALSO KNOWN AS KILLER WHALES CAN BE FOUND AROUND ALL COASTS OF .EW :EALAND INCLUDING ESTUARIES AND HARBOURS %ACH ORCA HAS DISTINCTIVE MARKS WHICH MAKE IT IDENTIlABLE /RCA ARE LONG LIVED UP TO YEARS AND DURING THEIR LIVES THEY GAIN NEW MARKS AND DISTINGUISH ING FEATURES 4HIS IS A GUIDE TO SOME OF THE MORE EASILY RECOGNISABLE ORCA IN .EW :EALAND WATERS
", * Ì ÊÕ`i
)$ #!4!,/'5%
9). .: -ULTIPLE NOTCHES IN TRAILING EDGE OF DORSAL l N ! GRAND MOTHER WITH TWO LARGE ADULT SONS
"%. .: 3TRANDED AND RESCUED IN *UNE $ORSAL l N SLICED WHEN RUN OVER BY A BOAT IN .OW HALF OF THE l N FOLDS PER MANENTLY OVER HIS LEFT SIDE
02/0 .: 4HREE CUTS IN BACKONE THROUGH THE SADDLE PATCH FROM BOAT PROPELLER 0ROP HAS A VERY SMALL DORSAL l N
34%!,4( .: ,ONG NOTCH NEAR TIP OF ROUNDED l N (UNTS FOR DOLPHINS (AS ONLY BEEN PHOTOGRAPHED OFF THE 3OUTH )SLAND
2!''%$ 4/0 .: 4OP OF DORSAL l N BITTEN OFF PRESUMABLY BY A SHARK OR ORCA 5SUALLY SEEN WITH 0ROP
! .: 4OP OF DORSAL l N MISSING FROM l SHING LINE CUT AT AN ANGLE ! WAS THE l RST ORCA CATALOGUED IN .EW :EALAND
!342)$ .: -ULTIPLE NOTCHES ON DORSAL l N /FTEN TRAVELS A DISTANCE FROM OTHERS IN THE GROUP
-/"9 .: ,ONG SHALLOW NOTCH ON THE DORSAL l N WITH A SMALL @l NGER STICKING OUT FROM BOTTOM OF NOTCH
0/2+9 .: 6ERY WIDE BASED l N WITH MULTIPLE NOTCHES
!.:!# .: 2UN OVER BY A BOAT AND FOUND ON !.:!# DAY -ISS ING END OF RIGHT TAIL m UKE AND CHUNK FROM TAIL STOCK
+/25 .: 4IP OF DORSAL l N DAMAGED AND PROGRESSIVELY COLLAPSING CURRENTLY CURLED OVER LIKE A FERN FROND
#/2+3#2%7 .: 0HOTOGRAPHED FROM BEHIND THE DORSAL l N RESEMBLES A CORKSCREW 4HERE IS ALSO A LARGE NOTCH HALFWAY UP AT THE FRONT OF THE l N
)F YOU SEE ORCA PLEASE CALL 3%% /2#! URGENTLY
)DENTIl CATION TIPS 4HE DORSAL l N IS THE FEATURE MOST COMMONLY USED FOR PHOTO IDENTIl CATION AND IS SOMEWHAT LIKE A l NGERPRINT IN THAT EACH IS DIFFERENT ,OOK FOR THE OVERALL SIZE AND SHAPE EG ROUNDED TIP WIDE BASE AND THEN DISTINGUISHING FEATURES SUCH AS NOTCHES !LL ORCA HAVE A GREY AREA BEHIND THE DORSAL l N CALLED THE SADDLE PATCH AND A WHITE PATCH ON THE SIDE
*)'3!7 .: 4IP OF l N HAS A KNOB LIKE A PIECE OF A JIGSAW *IGSAW HAS ONLY BEEN PHOTOGRAPHED OFF THE 3OUTH )SLAND
.)#+9 .: ,ARGE 6 SHAPE NICK IN l N 4RAVELS ALL AROUND .EW :EALAND
/,!6 .: /LDER MALE AT LEAST YEARS 4OP OF DORSAL l N MISS INGPRESUMED BITTEN OFF BY ANOTHER ORCAAND A NOTCH NEAR THE BASE OF THE l N
25$)% .: 0OINTED TIP OF DORSAL l N AND A SQUARE NOTCH 7HILST HUNTING FOR RAYS IN 2UDIE GOT STRANDED BUT WAS RESCUED
./""9 .: 2IDGE AT FRONT BASE OF DORSAL l N FROM ENTANGLEMENT WITH A LINE (AS A SLIVER OFF THE TRAILING EDGE OF HIS l N TIP
4HESE ORCA ARE OFTEN SEEN AND EASY TO IDENTIFY (OWEVER THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY ORCA LIVING AROUND .EW :EALAND SOME OF WHICH ARE NOT AS WELL MARKED AS THESE
-Ê9
37)--).' s 9OU MAY NOT SWIM WITH WHALES INCLUDING ORCA s 9OU MAY SWIM WITH DOLPHINS BUT NOT WITH JUVENILE DOLPHINS OR A GROUP THAT INCLUDES JUVENILE DOLPHINS s .O RUBBISH OR FOOD SHALL BE THROWN NEAR OR AROUND NOR GIVEN TO ANY WHALE OR DOLPHIN
$2)6).' s !PPROACH FROM SLIGHTLY TO THE REAR AND PARALLEL TO THE ANIMALS 9OU MUST NOT CUT OFF THEIR PATH PREVENT THEM FROM LEAVING DRIVE THROUGH A GROUP CAUSE ANY TO BE SEPARATED FROM THEIR GROUP OR CAUSE ANY MEMBERS OF A GROUP TO BE SCATTERED s $O NOT MAKE SUDDEN OR REPEATED CHANGES IN SPEED OR DIRECTION s !T LESS THAN M YOU SHOULD MOVE THE VESSEL AT A CON STANT SLOW SPEED NO FASTER THAN THE SLOWEST ANIMAL OR AT IDLE OR hNO WAKEv SPEED s .O VESSEL SHALL APPROACH WITHIN M OF A WHALE OR ORCA s 4HERE SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN THREE VESSELS AROUND A WHALE OR GROUP OF DOLPHINS IF THERE ARE THREE VESSELS YOU SHOULD NOT GO CLOSER THAN M
.O PERSON SHALL DISTURB OR HARASS ANY WHALE OR DOLPHIN 9OU MUST ABANDON CONTACT IF THEY BECOME OR SHOWS SIGNS OF BECOMING DISTURBED OR ALARMED
7HEN VIEWING WHALES AND DOLPHINS PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THE FOL LOWING h7HALEv MEANS ALL SPECIES COMMONLY KNOWN AS WHALES AND INCLUDES BALEEN SPERM BEAKED PILOT AND ORCA h$OLPHINv MEANS ALL SPECIES COMMONLY KNOWN AS DOLPHINS AND INCLUDES DUSKY COMMON BOTTLENOSE AND (ECTORS DOLPHINS BUT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SPECIES KNOWN AS PILOT WHALES OR ORCA
%XTRACTED FROM THE -ARINE -AMMALS 0ROTECTION 2EGULATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION OF THE -ARINE -AMMALS 0ROTECTION !CT
7(!,% $/,0(). 7!4#().' '5)$%,).%3
PECTORAL lN
mANK PATCH
SADDLE PATCH PEDUNCLE mUKES
-!,% &%-!,% /2#! !DULT MALE ORCA n M n KG DORSAL lN CAN REACH M HIGH !DULT FEMALE ORCA n M n KG DORSAL lN IS OFTEN CURVED LIKE A DOLPHINS .EWBORN n M UP TO KG A YELLOW TINGE TO WHITE AREAS IF LESS THAN MONTHS OLD )MMATURE MALES CAN LOOK LIKE ADULT FEMALES /2#! "%(!6)/52 .EW :EALAND ORCA ARE UNIQUE 4HEY SPECIAL ISE IN HUNTING FOR RAYS AND SHARKS BUT ALSO TAKE DOLPHINS AND lSH 4HEY ARE OFTEN FOUND IN VERY SHALLOW WATERS /UR ORCA ARE VERY CURIOUS ABOUT BOATS AND WILL OFTEN APPROACH YOU $O NOT BE ALARMED 4HEY DO NOT MEAN TO HARM YOU THEY ARE JUST INQUISITIVE 2!9 (5.4).' .OWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD DO ORCA COME IN SO CLOSE TO THE SHORE TO HUNT FOR RAYS 4HEY ARE OFTEN SEEN IN LESS THAN M OF WATER INSIDE SURF ZONES ESTUARIES AND HARBOURS 4!), 7!6% 4AIL RAISED INTO THE AIR AND WAVED AROUND AS IF SWIMMING /FTEN SEEN IN SHALLOW WATER !DULT MALES HAVE CURLED TIPS OF mUKES 3(!2+ (5.4).' .: ORCA HAVE BEEN SEEN TAKING SIX SPECIES OF SHARK 4!), ,/" 4AIL RAISED INTO THE AIR AND SLAPPED ON THE WATER SURFACE 4HIS CAN BE TO WARN THAT YOUR BOAT IS TOO CLOSE 0%# 7!6% 0%# 3,!0 0ECTORAL lN LIFTED INTO THE AIR AND WAVED OR SLAPPED ON THE WATER SURFACE "2%!#( ,EAPING INTO THE AIR MAY COME ONLY HALFWAY OUT OF WATER 309 (/0&!#% /54 (EAD OUT OF THE WATER MAY RISE AS FAR AS PECTORAL lNS BUT NOT COMMON IN .EW :EALAND 352&).' 3URlNG BEHIND A BOAT OR ON NATURAL WAVE 0/20/)3).' 3WIMMING FAST AND LEAV ING THE WATER LIKE A PORPOISE ",/7 !S AN ORCA EXHALES ITS WARM BREATH CREATES A MIST 4HIS IS MORE OBVIOUS ON CALM COLD DAYS 42!6%, 4)'(4 4WO OR MORE ORCA TRAVELLING CLOSE TOGETHEROFTEN WITHIN TOUCHING DISTANCE OF EACH OTHER /FTEN OBSERVED WHEN ORCA ARE SLEEPING !002/!#( )F AN ORCA APPROACHES YOUR BOAT $O NOT BE ALARMED &OLLOW 7ATCHING 'UIDLINES
EYE ROSTRUM
MELON
EYE PATCH
DORSAL lN
/RCA DO STRAND BUT THEY CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY RESCUED IF HELP IS CALLED )F YOU lND A MARINE MAMMAL IN STRESS EG STRANDED OR ENTANGLED PLEASE CALL THE $/# (OTLINE OR THE 0ROJECT *ONAH 7HALE 2ESCUE (OTLINE &OR SIGHTING DATA SHEETS AND MORE INFORMATION GO TO WWWORCARESEARCHORG
)F YOU SEE ORCA PLEASE CALL 3%% /2#! URGENTLY TO ENABLE ORCA RESEARCHERS TO lND THEM
/RCA ALSO KNOWN AS KILLER WHALES CAN BE FOUND AROUND ALL COASTS OF .EW :EALAND INCLUDING ESTUARIES AND HARBOURS %ACH ORCA HAS DISTINCTIVE MARKS WHICH MAKE IT IDENTIlABLE /RCA ARE LONG LIVED UP TO YEARS AND DURING THEIR LIVES THEY GAIN NEW MARKS AND DISTINGUISH ING FEATURES 4HIS IS A GUIDE TO SOME OF THE MORE EASILY RECOGNISABLE ORCA IN .EW :EALAND WATERS
", * Ì ÊÕ`i
)$ #!4!,/'5%
9). .: -ULTIPLE NOTCHES IN TRAILING EDGE OF DORSAL l N ! GRAND MOTHER WITH TWO LARGE ADULT SONS
"%. .: 3TRANDED AND RESCUED IN *UNE $ORSAL l N SLICED WHEN RUN OVER BY A BOAT IN .OW HALF OF THE l N FOLDS PER MANENTLY OVER HIS LEFT SIDE
02/0 .: 4HREE CUTS IN BACKONE THROUGH THE SADDLE PATCH FROM BOAT PROPELLER 0ROP HAS A VERY SMALL DORSAL l N
34%!,4( .: ,ONG NOTCH NEAR TIP OF ROUNDED l N (UNTS FOR DOLPHINS (AS ONLY BEEN PHOTOGRAPHED OFF THE 3OUTH )SLAND
2!''%$ 4/0 .: 4OP OF DORSAL l N BITTEN OFF PRESUMABLY BY A SHARK OR ORCA 5SUALLY SEEN WITH 0ROP
! .: 4OP OF DORSAL l N MISSING FROM l SHING LINE CUT AT AN ANGLE ! WAS THE l RST ORCA CATALOGUED IN .EW :EALAND
!342)$ .: -ULTIPLE NOTCHES ON DORSAL l N /FTEN TRAVELS A DISTANCE FROM OTHERS IN THE GROUP
-/"9 .: ,ONG SHALLOW NOTCH ON THE DORSAL l N WITH A SMALL @l NGER STICKING OUT FROM BOTTOM OF NOTCH
0/2+9 .: 6ERY WIDE BASED l N WITH MULTIPLE NOTCHES
!.:!# .: 2UN OVER BY A BOAT AND FOUND ON !.:!# DAY -ISS ING END OF RIGHT TAIL m UKE AND CHUNK FROM TAIL STOCK
+/25 .: 4IP OF DORSAL l N DAMAGED AND PROGRESSIVELY COLLAPSING CURRENTLY CURLED OVER LIKE A FERN FROND
#/2+3#2%7 .: 0HOTOGRAPHED FROM BEHIND THE DORSAL l N RESEMBLES A CORKSCREW 4HERE IS ALSO A LARGE NOTCH HALFWAY UP AT THE FRONT OF THE l N
)F YOU SEE ORCA PLEASE CALL 3%% /2#! URGENTLY
)DENTIl CATION TIPS 4HE DORSAL l N IS THE FEATURE MOST COMMONLY USED FOR PHOTO IDENTIl CATION AND IS SOMEWHAT LIKE A l NGERPRINT IN THAT EACH IS DIFFERENT ,OOK FOR THE OVERALL SIZE AND SHAPE EG ROUNDED TIP WIDE BASE AND THEN DISTINGUISHING FEATURES SUCH AS NOTCHES !LL ORCA HAVE A GREY AREA BEHIND THE DORSAL l N CALLED THE SADDLE PATCH AND A WHITE PATCH ON THE SIDE
*)'3!7 .: 4IP OF l N HAS A KNOB LIKE A PIECE OF A JIGSAW *IGSAW HAS ONLY BEEN PHOTOGRAPHED OFF THE 3OUTH )SLAND
.)#+9 .: ,ARGE 6 SHAPE NICK IN l N 4RAVELS ALL AROUND .EW :EALAND
/,!6 .: /LDER MALE AT LEAST YEARS 4OP OF DORSAL l N MISS INGPRESUMED BITTEN OFF BY ANOTHER ORCAAND A NOTCH NEAR THE BASE OF THE l N
25$)% .: 0OINTED TIP OF DORSAL l N AND A SQUARE NOTCH 7HILST HUNTING FOR RAYS IN 2UDIE GOT STRANDED BUT WAS RESCUED
./""9 .: 2IDGE AT FRONT BASE OF DORSAL l N FROM ENTANGLEMENT WITH A LINE (AS A SLIVER OFF THE TRAILING EDGE OF HIS l N TIP
4HESE ORCA ARE OFTEN SEEN AND EASY TO IDENTIFY (OWEVER THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY ORCA LIVING AROUND .EW :EALAND SOME OF WHICH ARE NOT AS WELL MARKED AS THESE
-Ê9
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