Ncert Sanskrit - Saimushi - Class X

xv

fo"k;kuqØef.kdk iqjksoko~Q Hkwfedk eÄõye~

ix

izFke% ikB%

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~

3

f}rh;% ikB%

xq.korh dU;k

13

r`rh;% ikB%

f'k'kqykyue~

21

prqFkZ% ikB%

O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%

31

i×pe% ikB%

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

39

"k"B% ikB%

lqHkkf"krkfu

48

lIre% ikB%

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk

56

v"Ve% ikB%

iz'u=k;e~

64

uoe% ikB%

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~

73

n'ke% ikB%

vU;ksDr;%

82

,dkn'k% ikB%

fofp=k% lk{kh

90

}kn'k% ikB%

thoua foHkoa fouk

99

v

1

izFke ikB%

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ izLrqr ikB vk/qfud laLÑr dfo gfjnÙk 'kekZ osQ jpuk laxgz ^ylYyfrdk* ls ladfyr gSA blesa dfo us egkuxjksa dh ;kaf=kd&cgqyrk ls c<+rs izn"w k.k ij fpUrk O;Dr djrs gq, dgk gS fd ;g ykSgpØ ru&eu dk 'kks"kd gS] ftlls ok;qe.My vkSj Hkwe.My nksuksa efyu gks jgs gSAa dfo egkuxjh; thou ls nwj] unh&fu>Zj] o`{klewg] yrkoqQ×t ,oa if{k;ksa ls xqf×tr ouizn's kksa dh vksj pyus dh vfHkyk"kk O;Dr djrk gSA nqoZge=k thfora tkra izÑfrjso 'kj.ke~A 'kqfp&i;kZoj.ke~AA egkuxjeè;s pynfu'ka dkyk;lpØe~A eu% 'kks"k;r~ ruq% is"k;n~ Hkzefr lnk oØe~AA nqnkZUrSnZ'kuSjequk L;kUuSo tuxzlue~A 'kqfp---AA1AA

dTtyefyua /wea eq×pfr 'kr'kdVh;kue~A ok"i;kuekyk la/kofr forjUrh èokue~AA ;kukuka iÄ~Dr;ks áuUrk% dfBua lalj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA2AA

4

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

ok;qe.Mya Hk`'ka nwf"kra u fg fueZya tye~A oqQfRlroLrqfefJra Hk{;a leya /jkrye~AA dj.kh;a cfgjUrtZxfr rq cgq 'kq¼hdj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA3AA df×pr~ dkya u; ekeLekUuxjkn~ cgqnjw e~A izi';kfe xzkekUrs fu>Zj&unh&i;%iwje~AA ,dkUrs dkUrkjs {k.kefi es L;kr~ l×pj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA4AA gfjrr:.kka yfyryrkuka ekyk je.kh;kA oqQlekofy% lehjpkfyrk L;kUes oj.kh;kAA uoekfydk jlkya fefyrk #fpja laxeue~A 'kqfp---AA5AA

vf; py cU/ks! [kxoqQydyjo xqf×trouns'ke~A iqj&dyjo lEHkzfertusH;ks /`rlq[klUns'ke~AA pkdfpD;tkya uks oqQ;kZTthforjlgj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA6AA izLrjrys yrkr#xqYek uks HkoUrq fi"Vk%A ik"kk.kh lH;rk fulxsZ L;kUu lekfo"VkAA ekuok; thoua dke;s uks thoUej.ke~A 'kqfp---AA7AA

5

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~

'kCnkFkkZ% nqoZge~ thfore~ vfu'ke~ dkyk;lpØe~ 'kks"k;r~ ruq% is"k;n~ oØe~ nqnkZUrS% n'kuS% vequk tuxzlue~ dTtyefyue~ /we% eq×pfr 'kr'kdVh;kue~ ok"i;kuekyk forjUrh èokue~ lalj.ke~ Hk`'ka Hk{;e~ leye~ xzkekUrs i;%iwje~

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

nq"dje~ thoue~ vgfuZ'ke~ ykSgpØe~ 'kq"dhoqQoZr~ 'kjhje~ fi"VhoqQoZr~ oqQfVye~ Hk;VjS% nUrS% vusu tuHk{k.ke~ dTtysu efyue~ ok"i% R;tfr 'kdVh;kukuka 'kre~ ok"i;kukuka iafDr% nnrh èofue~ l×pyue~ vR;f/de~ [kk|inkFkZ eysu ;qDre~ xzkeL; lhek;ke~ (lhfEu) tyk'k;e~

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

dfBu] nwHkj thou fnu&jkr yksgs dk pØ lq[kkrs gq, 'kjhj ihlrs gq, Vs<+k Hk;kud (ls) nk¡rksa ls blls ekuo fouk'k dkty&lk efyu (dkyk) /qvk¡ NksM+rk gS lSdM+ksa eksVj xkfM+;k¡ jsyxkM+h dh iafDr nsrh gqbZ dksykgy pyuk vR;f/d HkksT; inkFkZ ey;qDr] xUnxh ls ;qDr xk¡o dh lhek ij ty ls Hkjk gqvk rkykc

6

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

dkUrkjs oqQlqekofy% lehjpkfyrk jlkye~ #fpje~ [kxoqQydyjo

& & & & & &

pkdfpD;tkye~ izLrjrys yrkr#xqYek% ik"kk.kh fulxsZ

& & & & &

ous oqQlqekuka iafDr% ok;qpkfyrk vkeze~ lqUnje~ [kxoqQykuka dyjo% (if{klewgèofUk%) Ñf=kea izHkkoiw.k± txr~ f'kykrys yrk'p rjo'p xqYek'p ioZre;h izÑR;ke~

& & & & & &

taxy esa iwQyksa dh iafDr gok ls pyk;h gqbZ vke lqUnj if{k;ksa osQ lewg dh èofu

& & & & &

pdkpkSa/ Hkjh nqfu;k iRFkjksa osQ ry ij yrk] o`{k vkSj >kM+h iFkjhyh izÑfr esa

vH;kl% 1-

vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) dfo% fdeFk± izo`Qrs% 'kj.ke~ bPNfr\ ([k) dLekr~ dkj.kkr~ egkuxjs"kq lalj.ka dfBua orZrs\ (x) vLekoaQ i;kZoj.ks ¯d ¯d nwf"kre~ vfLr\ (?k) dfo% oqQ=k l×pj.ka dÙkqeZ ~ bPNfr\ (Ä) LoLFkthouk; dhn`'ks okrkoj.ks Hkze.kh;e~\ (p) vfUres i|ka'ks dos% dk dkeuk vfLr\

2-

lfUèka@lfU/foPNsna oqQ#r& (d) izÑfr% $ ------------------------ ¾ ([k) L;kr~ $ -------- $ -------- ¾ (x) --------- $ vuUrk% ¾

izÑfrjso L;kUuSOk áuUrk%

7

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~

(?k) ofg% (Ä) --------(p) le~ (N) /wee~

$ $ $ $

vUr% $ txfr uxjkr~ pj.ke~ eq×pfr

¾ ¾ ¾ ¾

-----------------------vLekUuxjkr~ -----------------------------------------------

3-

vèkksfyf[krkuke~ vO;;kuka lgk;r;k fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& Hk`'ke~] ;=k] r=k] v=k] vfi] ,o] lnk] cfg% (d) bnkuha ok;qe.Mya ------------------ iznwf"krefLrA ([k) ------------------ thoua nqoZge~ vfLrA (x) izkÑfrd&okrkoj.ks {k.ka l×pj.ke~ ------------------ ykHknk;oaQ HkofrA (?k) i;kZoj.kL; laj{k.ke~ ------------------ izÑrs% vkjk/ukA (Ä) ------------------ le;L; lnqi;ksx% dj.kh;%A (p) HkwdfEir≤s ------------------ xeueso mfpra HkofrA (N) ------------------ gjhfrek ------------------ 'kqfp i;kZoj.ke~A

4-

mnkgj.keuql`R; vèkksfyf[kr&ins"kq izÑfrizR;;foHkkxa@la;ksxa oqQ#r& ;Fkk&tkre~ ¾ tu~ $ Dr (d) iz $ Ñ $ fDru~

¾

------------------

([k) fu $ l` $ Dr $ Vki~ (x) ------------------ $ Dr (?k) ------------------ $ ------------------

¾

------------------

¾

nwf"kre~

¾

dj.kh;e~

(Ä) ------------------ $ ;r~ ¾ (p) je~ $ -------------------- $ ------------------ ¾ (N) --------------- $ --------------- $ --------------- ¾ (t) fi"k~ $ -----------------¾

Hk{;e~ je.kh;k oj.kh;k fi"Vk%

8

5-

6-

7-

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka i;kZ;ina fy[kr& -----------------(d) lfyye~ ([k) vkeze~

------------------

(x) oue~

------------------

(?k) 'kjhje~

------------------

(Ä) oqQfVye~

------------------

(p) ik"kk.ke~

------------------

mnkgj.keuql`R; ikBkr~ fpRok p leLrinkfu fy[kr& ;Fkk&foxzg inkfu

leLrin

lekluke

(d) eysu lfgre~

vO;;hHkko

([k) gfjrk% p ;s rjo% (rs"kka)

leye~ ------------------

(x) yfyrk% p ;k% yrk% (rklke~)

------------------

deZ/kj;

(?k) uok ekfydk

------------------

deZ/kj;

(Ä) /`r% lq[klUns'k% ;su (re~)

------------------

cgqczhfg

(p) dTtye~ bo efyue~

------------------

deZ/kj;

(N) nqnkZUrS% n'kuS%

------------------

deZ/kj;

js[kkfÄïr&inek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) 'kdVh;kue~ dTtyefyua /wea eq×pfrA ([k) m|kus if{k.kka dyjoa psr% izlkn;frA (x) ik"kk.khlH;rk;ka yrkr#xqYek% izLrjrys fi"Vk% lfUrA (?k) egkuxjs"kq okgukuke~ vuUrk% iÄ~Dr;% /kofUrA (Ä) izÑR;k% lfUu/kS okLrfooaQ lq[ka fo|rsA

deZ/kj;

9

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% lekl & lelua lekl% lekl dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gksrk rhljk u;k vkSj laf{kIr :i curk gSμ a 1- vO;;hHkko lekl 3- cgqczhfg 1-

2-

gS&la{ksiA nks ;k nks ls vf/d 'kCnksa osQ feyus ls tks gS og lekl dgykrk gSA lekl osQ eq[;r% pkj Hksn 2- rRiq#"k 4- }U}

vO;;hHkko bl lekl esa igyk in vO;; gksrk gS vkSj ogh izèkku gksrk gSA ;Fkk&fueZf{kde~ ef{kdk.kke~ vHkko%A ;gk¡ izFkein fuj~ gS vkSj f}rh;in ef{kde~ gSA ;gk¡ ef{kdk dh iz/kurk u gksdj ef{kdk dk vHkko iz/ku gS] vr% ;gk¡ vO;;hHkko lekl gSA oqQN vU; mnkgj.k ns[ksa& & xzkeL; lehis & (lehirk dh iz/kurk) (i) mixzkee~ & tukuke~ vHkko% & (vHkko dh iz/kurk) (ii) futZue~ & jFkL; i'pkr~ & (i'pkr~ dh iz/kurk) (iii) vuqjFke~ & x`ga x`ga izfr & (izR;sd dh izèkkurk) (iv) izfrx`ge~ 'kfDre~ vufrØE; & (lhek dh izèkkurk) (v) ;Fkk'kfDr & & poszQ.k lfgre~ & (lfgr dh izèkkurk) (vi) lpØe~ rRiq#"k & ^izk;s.k mÙkjiniz/ku% rRiq#"k%* bl lekl esa izk;% mÙkjin dh iz/kurk gksrh gS vkSj iwoZ in mÙkjin osQ fo'ks"k.k dk dk;Z djrk gSA leLrin esa iwoZin dh foHkfDr dk yksi gks tkrk gSA ;Fkk& jktiq#"k% vFkkZr~ jktk dk iq#"kA ;gka¡ jktk dh iz/kurk u gksdj iq#"k dh iz/kurk gS] vkSj jktk 'kCn iq#"k osQ fo'ks"k.k dk dk;Z djrk gSA & xzkea xr%A (i) xzkexr% & 'kj.ke~ vkxr%A (ii) 'kj.kkxr% & ns'kL; HkDr%A (iii) ns'kHkDr%

10

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(iv) ¯lgHkhr% (v) Hk;kiÂ% (vi) gfj=kkr% rRiq#"k lekl osQ

& & & nks Hksn

(i) deZ/kj; & bl lekl esa ;Fkk& ihrkEcje~ & egkiq#"k% & dTtyefyue~ & uhydeye~ & ehuu;ue~ & eq[kdeye~ &

¯lgkr~ Hkhr%A Hk;e~ vkiÂ%A gfj.kk =kkr%A gSa&deZ/kj; vkSj f}xqA ,d in fo'ks"; rFkk nwljk in igys in dk fo'ks"k.k gksrk gSA ihra p rr~ vEcje~A egku~ p vlkS iq#"k%A dTtye~ bo efyue~A uhya p rr~ deye~A ehu bo u;ue~A deye~ bo eq[ke~A

(ii) f}xq & ^la[;kiwoksZ f}xq%* bl lekl esa igyk in la[;kokph gksrk gS vkSj lekgkj (vFkkZr~ ,d=khdj.k ;k lewg) vFkZ dh iz/kurk gksrh gSA ;Fkk& f=kHkqte~ & =k;k.kka Hkqtkuka lekgkj%A blesa iwoZin ^f=k* la[;kokph gSA iapik=ke~ & iapkuka ik=kk.kka lekgkj%A iapoVh & iapkuka oVkuka lekgkj%A lIrf"kZ% & lIrkuka ½"kh.kka lekgkj%A prq;qZxe~ & prq.kk± ;qxkuka lekgkj%A 3-

cgqczhfg & ^vU;iniz/ku% cgqczhfg%* bl lekl esa iwoZ rFkk mÙkj inksa dh iz/kurk u gksdj fdlh vU; in dh iz/kurk gksrh gSA ;Fkk& ihrkEcj%

&

ihre~ vEcje~ ;L; l% (fo".kq%)A ;gk¡ u rks ihre~ 'kCn dh iz/kurk gS vkSj u vEcje~ 'kCn dh vfirq ihrkEcj/kjh fdlh vU; O;fDr (fo".kq) dh iz/kurk gSA

11

'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~

4-

uhyd.B% & uhy% d.B% ;L; l% (f'ko%)A n'kkuu% & n'k vkuukfu ;L; l% (jko.k%)A vusddksfVlkj% & vusddksfV% lkj% (/ue~) ;L; l%A foxfyrle`f¼e~ & foxfyrk le`f¼% ;L; re~A iz{kkfyrikne~ & iz{kkfyrkS iknkS ;L; re~A }U} & ^mHk;iniz/ku% }U}%* bl lekl esa iwoZin vkSj mÙkjin nksauksa dh leku :i ls izèkkurk gksrh gSA inksa osQ chp\ esa ^p* dk iz;ksx foxzg esa gksrk gSA ;Fkk& jkey{e.kkS irjkS /ekZFkZdkeeks{kk% olUrxzh"ef'kf'kjk%

& & & &

jke'p y{e.k'pA ekrk p firk pA /eZ'p] vFkZ'p] dke'p] eks{k'pA olUr'p xzh"e'p f'kf'kj'pA

dfoifjp; & izks- gfjnÙk 'kekZ lEizfr bykgkckn osQUnzh; fo'ofo|ky; esa laLÑr osQ vkpk;Z gSaA buosQ dbZ laLÑr dkO; izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSaA tSls&xhroaQnfydk] f=kiFkxk] mRdfydk] ckyxhrkyh] vkØUnue~] ylYyfrdk bR;kfnA budh jpukvksa esa lekt dh folaxfr;ksa osQ izfr vkØks'k rFkk LoLFk okrkoj.k osQ izfr fn'kkfunsZ'k osQ Hkko izkIr gksrs gSaA

HkkofOkLrkj% i`fFkoh] tya] rstks ok;qjkdk'k'psfr i×pegkHkwrkfu izÑrs% ize[q krÙokfuA ,rS% rÙoSjos i;kZoj.kL; jpuk HkofrA vkfoz;rs ifjr% leUrkr~ yksdks¿ususfr i;kZoj.ke~A ifj"Ñra iznw"k.kjfgra p i;kZoj.keLeH;a loZfo/thoulq[ka nnkfrA vLekfHk% lnSo rFkk iz;frrO;a ;Fkk tya LFkya xxu×p fueZya L;kr~A i;kZoj.klEc¼k% osQpu 'yksdk% v/ksfyf[krk% lfUrμ ;Fkk& i`fFkoha ifjrks O;kI; rkekPNk| fLFkra p ;r~ txnk/kj:is.k] i;kZoj.keqP;rsAA

12

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

iznw"k.kfo"k;s& l`"VkS fLFkrkS fouk'ks p u`foKScZgquk'kde~A i×prÙofo#¼a ;Rlkf/ra rRiznw"k.ke~AA ok;qiznw"k.kfo"k;s& izf{kIrks okguS/Zwe% o`Q".ks cg~oidkjd%A nq"VSjZlk;uS;qZDrks ?kkrd% 'okl#Xog%AA tyiznw"k.kfo"k;s& ;U=k'kkyk ifjR;DrSuZxjsnwf"krnzoS%A unhunkS leqnzk'p izf{kIrSnZw"k.ka xrk%AA iznw"k.k fuokj.kk; laj{k.kk; p & 'kks/ua jksi.ka j{kko/Zua ok;qokfj.k%A oukuka oU;oLrwuka Hkwes% laj{k.ka oje~AA ,rs 'yksdk% i;kZoj.kdkO;kr~ ladfyrk% lfUrA rRle&rn~Hko&'kCnkukeè;;ue~μ v/ksfyf[krkuka rRle'kCnkuka rnqn~Hkwrkuka p rn~Hko'kCnkuka ifjp;% dj.kh;%& rRle rn~Hko izLrj & iRFkj ok"i & Hkki nqoZg & nwHkj oØ & ck¡dk dTty & dkty pkdfpD; & pdkpd] pdkpkSa/ /we% & /qv¡k 'kre~ & lkS (100) cfg% & ckgj NUn% ifjp;% vfLeu~ xhrs 'kqfp i;kZoj.ke~ bfr /zqooaQ (LFkk;h) orZrsA rnfrfjDra loZ=k izfrifÄ~Dr 26 ek=kk% lfUrA bna xhfrdkPNUnl% :iefLrA

f}rh;% ikB%

xq.korh dU;k izLrqr ikB egkdfo n.Mh }kjk jfpr n'koqQekjpfjr uked x|dkO; osQ "k"B mPN~okl ls lEikfnr dj ladfyr gSA ;gk¡ fe=kxqIr vius fofp=k o`ÙkkUr osQ vUrxZr xksfeuh uked dU;k dh dFkk lqukrk gS tks ,d izLFk (32 iyksa osQ cjkcj) /ku ls ,d O;fDr dks lEiw.kZ Hkkstu djkus dk izcU/ djrh gSA vfLr nzfoMs"kq dk×ph uke uxjhA rL;keusddksfVlkj% Jsf"Biq=k% 'kfDroqQekjks ukeklhr~A lks¿"Vkn'ko"kZn's kh;% fpUrkekiÂ%&^ukLR;nkjk.kke~ vuuqx.q knkjk.kka ok lq[ke~A rRdFka uq xq.kon~ foUns;a dy=ke~A* l oL=kkUrfiu¼'kkfyizLFkks nkjxzg.kk; HkqoeHkzer~A ;ka dkefi y{k.korha dU;ka foyksD; l i`PNfr&^Hknz!s 'kDuksf"k fdeusu 'kkfyizLFksu xq.konÂe~ vLeku~ Hkkstf;rqe\~ * ,oa Ñrs l gflrko/wr% x`gkn~ x`ga izfo';kHkzer~A ,dnk l dkosjhrhjiÙkus foxfyrle`¯¼ fojyHkw"k.kka oqQekjhei';r~A rL;k vrqfyr:ilEinkfHkHkwr% 'kfDroqQekjks¿fpUr;r~&ls;ekÑfruZ 'khyfojksf/ uhA vklTtfr es ân;eL;kesoA rnsuka ijh{;ks n ~ o gkfeA Lus g iw . kZ n ` f "V% l vkg&^vfLr rs dkS'kya 'kkfyizLFksukusu lEiÂekgkje~ vLeku~ Hkkstf;rqe\~ * rrLr;k o`¼nklh lkfHkizk;ekyksfdrkA rL; gLrkr~ izLFkek=ka èkkU;eknk; Lox`gL; pRojs ra iz{kkfyrikne~ mikos'k;r~A rrLrku~ lqjHkhu~ 'kkyhukris fdf×pn~

14

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

fo'kks"; eqgqeZqgq% ifjoR;Z lek;ka HkwekS v?k^;r~A rq"ksH;Lr.MqykUi`Fko~Q ÑRok èkk=kheqDrorh&^ekr%! beku~ Hkw"k.kektZuleFkkZu~ rq"kku~ Lo.kZdkjsH;ks nsfgA rsH;ks yC/kfHk% dkfd.khfHk% dk"Bkkfu LFkkyha 'kjko};a pkgj* rr% lk rku~ r.Mqyku~ myw[kys eqlysukogR; 'kwi.Zs k 'kks/f;Rok¿lÑn~ tysu iz{kkY; DofFkrtys izkf{kir~A fl¼s"kq p r.Mqy"s kq e.Mfu%lkj.kk; LFkkyhe/kse[q kha ÑrorhA bU/ukfu iqujEHklk 'kef;Rok Ñ".kkÄõkjkufi rnfFkZH;% izfs "krorhA foØhrSjÄõkjS;rZ ~ ewY;a yC/a rsu 'kkoaQ ?k`ra nf/ rSya fp×pkiQya p Øhre~A rrks O;×tukfnoaQ p r;k lEikfnre~A vFk lk dU;k /k=kheq[ksukfr¯Fk Lukuk; izsfjrorhA Luku'kq¼k;kfrFk;s rSyekeyoaQ pk;PNr~A iQydek#á izkÄõ.kdnyhnya yfoRok r=kklua Hkkstukèkkja p ÑrorhA is;ksigkjiwo± Hkkstua ?k`rlfgrksnua O;×tua p rLeS nÙkorhA

eè;s eè;s p fofo/HkksT;kfn izdkjku~ o.kZf;ROkk #fpefi of/ZrorhA vUrr% f'kf'kjokfj.kk is;ekpeua p iznÙkorhA HkqDrs rq rfLeu~ r;kL; 'k;uO;oLFkkfi ÑrkA ,oa dU;kxq.klEink lekÑ"V% 'kfDroqQekjLrka fof/onqi;E; uhroku~A vr,oksDre~& ^¯d x`fg.k% fiz;fgrk;\ nkjxq.kk%A*

15

xq.korh dU;k

'kCnkFkkZ% vusddksfVlkj% &

vusddksfV% lkj% (/ue~) ;L;

& ftlosQ ikl vusd djksM+ èku gks foUns;e~ & izkIrO;e~ & izkIr djuk pkfg, dy=ke~ & iRuh & iRuh 'kkfy% & dye%@r.Mqy&fo'ks"k% & /ku (pkoy) izLFk% & }k¯=k'kr~ iykRed% eki% & ,d fof'k"V eki (32 iyksa osQ cjkcj) xq.konÂe~ & Lokfn"Ve~ vÂe~ & Lokfn"V vkSj ikSf"Vd vkgkj gflrko/wr% & gflrsu vo/wr%@migklsu frjLÑr% & migkl }kjk frjLÑr rhje~ & rVe~ & rV iÙkue~ & uxje~ & uxj] dLck foxfyrle`f¼e~ & foxfyrk le`f¼% ;L;k% rke~ & fu/Zu vklTtfr & vkÑ"Vks Hkofr & vkÑ"V gks jgk gS ijh{; & ijh{kka ÑRok & ijh{kk djosQ mn~ogkfe & fookga djksfe & fookg djrk gw¡ lkfHkizk;e~ & vfHkizk;s.k lfgre~ & vfHkizk;iwoZd pRojs & izkax.ks & vk¡xu esa iz{kkfyrikne~ & iz{kkfyrkS iknkS ;L; re~ & /qys gq, iSj okys dk mikos'k;r~ & & & cSBk;k lqjHkhu~ & lqjfHklfgrku~ & lqxfU/r vkris & ?kesZ & /wi esa fo'kks"; & 'kq"dhÑR; & lq[kkdj eqgeq gZq %q & okjEokje~ & ckj&ckj ifjoR;Z & ifjorZua fo/k; & myV&iqyV dj

16

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

lek;ke~ HkwekS v?k^;r~ rq"ksH;% dkfd.khfHk% LFkkyhe~ 'kjko};e~ vkgj myw[kys

& & & & & & & &

eqlysu 'kks/f;Rok vlÑr~ iz{kkY; DofFkrtys vEHklk 'kef;Rok Ñ".kkÄõkjku~ fp×pkiQye~ O;×tukfnde~ vkeyde~ iQyde~ vk#á

& & & & & & & &

lery Hkwfe ij owQVk /ku dh Hkwlh ls iSlksa ls] dkSM+h ls Fkkyh nks I;kys] nks dVksjs ykvks vks[kyh esa

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

lery&HkwekS ?k^ue~ vdjksr~ 'kkfyRofXHk% i.koSQ% ik=kfo'ks"ke~ oaQl};e~@o/Zekud};e~ vku; yksdHkk"kk;ke~ vks[ky bfr izfl¼s ik=ks oqQ^u;U=kfo'ks"ks.k LoPNhÑR; okjEokje~ fueZyhÑR; m".ktys tysu 'kkUra ÑRok] fuokZif;ROkk vnX/dk"Bku~ frfUr.kh 'kkdkfnde~ vkeyosQu fufeZre~ dk"Bklue~ vf/#á

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

ewly ls lkiQ djosQ ckj&ckj lkiQ djosQ xje ty esa ty ls Ba
yfoRok

&

dÙkZf;ROkk

&

dkVdj

Hkkstuk/kje~

&

HkkstuL; vk/kje~

&

Hkkstu dk vk/kj

is;ksigkjiwoZe~

&

is;ksigkjiwoZde~

&

Hkkstu ls igys ihus okyk is; inkFkZ osQ lkFk

17

xq.korh dU;k

?k`rlfgrksnue~

&

?k`r;qDre~ vksnue~

&

?k`r;qDr Hkkr

f'kf'kjokfj.kk

&

'khrysu tysu

&

'khry ty ls

mi;E;

&

ifj.kh;

&

fookg djosQ

x`fg.k%

&

x`gLFkL;

&

x`gLFk dk

nkjxq.kk% (nkjk&iRuh)

&

L=khxq.kk%

&

fL=k;ksa osQ xq.k

vH;kl% 1-

vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) 'kfDroqQekj% dL;ka fpUrk;ke~ vkiÂ% vklhr~\ ([k) dkosjhrhjiÙkus fLFkrk oqQekjh dhn`'kh

vklhr~\

(x) oqQekjha foyksD; 'kfDroqQekj% fde~ vfpUr;r~\ (?k) vÄkõ je~ foØh; r;k oqQek;kZ ¯d Øhre~\ (Ä) oqQekjh vfrFk;s HkkstukFk± ¯d nÙkorh\ (p) b;a dFkk dLekr~ xzUFkkr~ mn~/`rk d'p vL;k% iz.ksrk\ 2-

LFkwyinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) beku~ rq"kku~ Lo.kZdkjsH;ks nsfgA ([k) r;k o`¼nklh lkfHkizk;e~ vkyksfdrkA (x) rku~ r.Mqyku~ DofFkrtys izkf{kir~A (?k) lk dU;k vfrfFka Lukuk; izsfjrorhA

3-

^d* LrEHks nÙkkuka inkuka lekukFkZoaQ ina ^[k* LrEHks nÙke~A rkS ;Fkksfpra ;kst;r& ^d* (d) dy=ke~ ([k) iÙkue~

^[k* okjEokje~ frfUr.kh

18

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(x) vEHklk (?k) eqgqeqgZ q% (Ä) fp×pkiQye~

iRuh tysu uxje~

4-

dks"Bdkr~ mfpra ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) Lk% foxfyrle`f¼a fojyHkw"k.kka ------------------ vi';r~A (oqQekjhe~@oqQekje~) ([k) vfLr nzfoMs"kq ------------------ uke uxjhA (d×puiqja@dk×ph) (x) bU/ukfu vEHklk ------------------ Ñ".kkÄkõ jkufi izsf"krorhA ('kef;Rok@izTokY;) (?k) lk dU;k /k=kheq[ksukfr¯Fk ------------------ izsfjrorhA (Lukuk;@'k;uk;) (Ä) f'kf'kjokfj.kk is;ekpeua p ------------------A (Ñrorh@nÙkorh)

5-

mnkgj.keUkql`R; ikBkr~ fpRok p leLrinkfu fy[kr& ;Fkk& iz $ fo'k~ $ Y;i~ ¾ izfo'; (d) fo $ 'kq"k~ $ Y;i~ ¾ ------------([k) ifj $ o`r~ $ Y;i~ ¾ ------------(x) mi $ ;e~ $ Y;i~ ¾ ------------(?k) iz $ {kky~ $ Y;i~ ¾ ------------(Ä) ik $ .;r~ ¾ ------------(p) Ñ $ .;r~ ¾ -------------

6-

js[kkfÄïrkfu loZukeinkfu dL; Ñrs iz;qDrkfu rkfu fy[kr& (d) l% v"Vkn'ko"kZns'kh;% fpUrkekiÂ%A ([k) rL;k% vrqfyr:ilEinkfHkHkwr% 'kfDroqQekj% vfpUr;r~A (x) vklTtfr es ân;e~ vL;ke~ ,oA (?k) r;k vL; 'k;uL; O;oLFkkfi ÑrkA

7-

(d) lfU/a oqQ#r& (i) u $ vfLr (ii) xq.kor~ $ vÂe~

$ vnkjk.kke~

¾ ¾

---------------------------------

19

xq.korh dU;k (iii) (iv) (v)

lk $ ijh{; iqu%

b;e~ $ mn~ogkfe $ vEHklk

¾ ¾ ¾

-------------------------------------------------

([k) fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuka lgk;r;k okD;iz;ksxa oqQ#r& iz{kkY;] vEHklk] iÙkus] eqgqeqZgq%] pRojs

ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ 'kfDroqQekj% ifj.k;k; fL=k;ka ;RdkS'kye~ vis{krs Le rr~ orZekuns'kdkyn`"V~;k lehphue~ vfLr u ok bfr Lofopkja LoHkk"k;k izdk'k;rA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% 1-

.;r~ izR;; ihus ;ksX; djus ;ksX; pqjkus ;ksX; gjus ;ksX;

& ^;ksX;* vFkZ esa .;r~ izR;; dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA & is;e~ (ik $ .;r~) & dk;Ze~ (Ñ $ .;r~) & pkS;Ze~ (pqj~ $ .;r~) & gk;Ze~ (g` $ .;r~)

2-

vEHkl~ (ikuh) uiqaldfyÄõ fofHkDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~ izFkek vEHk% vEHklh f}rh;k vEHk% vEHklh r`rh;k vEHklk prqFkhZ vEHkls vEHkksH;ke~ iapeh vEHkl% vEHkksH;ke~ "k"Bh vEHkl% vEHklks% lIreh vEHkfl vEHklks% i;l~ uHkl~ vkfn 'kCnksa osQ :i vEHkl~ osQ leku

cgqopue~ vEHkkafl vEHkkafl vEHkksH;ke~ vEHkksH;% vEHkksH;% vEHklke~ vEHkLlq gh pyrs gSaA

vEHkksfHk%

20

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

3-

lkfHkizk;ekyksfdrk&vfHkizk; osQ lkFk ns[kh x;hA lkekU; :i ls ns[kus rFkk vfHkizk;iwod Z ns[kus esa vUrj gksrk gSA ;gk¡ oqQekjh us nklh dks vfHkizk; osQ lkFk ns[kk gS rkfd nklh muosQ vfHkizk; dks le> ysA nklh us oqQekjh dh ml n`f"V osQ vfHkizk; dks HkyhHkk¡fr le> fy;k gSA ;gk¡ oqQekjh dk nklh dks ns[kus dk vfHkizk; Fkk fd of.ko~Qiq=k dks ;g mÙkj nsuk fd eq>eas bl dk;Z dks djus dk dkS'ky gS vFkkZr~ eSa ;g dke dj ldrh gw¡ blfy, rqe buosQ gkFk ls /ku dh iksVyh ys yksA

4-

ls;ekÑfruZ 'khyfojksf/uh&;g vkÑfr 'khyfojksf/uh ugha gSA vFkkZr~ ;g 'khyorh ckfydk gS] blosQ psgjs rFkk HkkoHkafxek dks ns[kdj bldh lPpfj=krk dk vkHkkl gks tkrk gS fiQj Hkh osQoy eu dh vkokt ij vk¡[ksa ew¡n dj fo'okl djuk Bhd ughaA

5-

yfoRok √ywe~ Nsnus $ DRok (lsV~) xq.k vokns'k%A

r`rh;% ikB%

f'k'kqykyue~ izLrqr ikB laLÑrokÄ~e; osQ izfl¼ ukVd ^oqQUnekyk* osQ iape vÄï ls lEikfnr dj fy;k x;k gSA blosQ jpf;rk izfl¼ ukVddkj fnÄ~ukx gSAa bl ukVdka'k esa jke oqQ'k vkSj yo dks ¯lgklu ij cSBkuk pkgrs gSa fdUrq os nksuksa vfr'kkyhurkiwod Z euk djrs gSAa ¯lgkluk:< jke oqQ'k vkSj yo osQ lkSUn;Z ls vkÑ"V gksdj mUgsa viuh xksn esa cSBk ysrs gSa vkSj vkufUnr gksrs gSAa ikB esa f'k'kq Lusg dk vR;Ur euksgkjh o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA (flagkluLFk% jke%A rr% izfo'kr% fonw"kosQuksifn';ekuekxkSZ rkilkS oqQ'kyokS) fonw"kd% & br br vk;kS!Z oqQ'kyokS & (jkeL; lehie~ mil`R; iz.kE; p) vfi oqQ'kya egkjktL;\ jke% & ;q"eí'kZukr~ oqQ'kyfeoA Hkorks% ¯d o;e=k oqQ'kyiz'uL; Hkktue~ ,o] u iqujfrfFktuleqfprL; d.Bk'ys"kL;A (ifj"oT;) vgks ân;xzkgh Li'kZ%A

(vkluk/Zeiq os'k;fr)

22

mHkkS jke%

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

& jktklua [kYosrr~] u ;qDreè;kflrqeA~ & lO;o/kua u pkfj=kyksik;A rLeknÄï & O;ofgreè;kL;rka ¯lgklue~A (vVeqios'k;fr) mHkkS & (vfuPNka ukV;r%) jktu~! vyefrnkf{k.;suA jke% & vyefr'kkyhur;kA Hkofr f'k'kqtuks o;ks¿uqjks/kn~ xq.kegrkefi ykyuh; ,oA oztfr fgedjks¿fi ckyHkkokr~ i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoe~AA jke% & ,"k Hkorks% lkSUn;kZoyksdtfursu dkSrgw ysu i`PNkfe&{kf=k;oqQy& firkeg;ks% lw;p Z Uæ;ks% dks ok Hkorkso'± kL; dÙkkZ\ yo% & Hkxou~ lglznhfèkfr%A jke% & dFkeLer~lekukfHktukS laoÙ` kkS\ fonw"kd% & ¯d };ksjI;sdeso izfropue~\ yo% & Hkzkrjkokoka lksn;kSAZ jke% & le:i% 'kjhjlfUuos'k%A o;lLrq u fdf×pnUrje~A yo% & vkoka ;eykSA jke% & lEizfr ;qT;rsA ¯d uke/s;e~\ yo% & vk;ZL; oUnuk;ka yo bR;kRekua Jko;kfe (oqQ'ka fufnZ';) vk;ksZ¿fi xq#pj.koUnuk;ke~ ---------------------------------oqQ'k% & vgefi oqQ'k bR;kRekua Jko;kfeA jke% & vgks! mnkÙkjE;% leqnkpkj%A ¯d uke/s;ks Hkorksx#Zq %\

23

f'k'kqykyue~

yo% jke% yo% jke% yo%

& & & & &

jke% oqQ'k% jke% oqQ'k% jke% fonw"kd% oqQ'k% fonw"kd% oqQ'k%

& & & & & & & & &

fonw"kd% & jke%

&

jke%

&

uuq Hkxoku~ okYehfd%A osQu lEcU/su\ miu;uksins'ksuA vge=kHkorks% tuoaQ ukerks osfnrqfePNkfeA u fg tkukE;L; uke/s;e~A u df'pnfLeu~ riksous rL; uke O;ogjfrA vgks ekgkRE;e~A tkukE;ga rL; uke/s;e~A dF;rke~A fujuqØks'kks uke---o;L;] viwo± [kyq uke/s;e~A (fofpUR;) ,oa rkor~ i`PNkfe fujuqØks'k bfr d ,oa Hk.kfr\ vEckA ¯d dqfirk ,oa Hk.kfr] mr izÑfrLFkk\ ;|ko;ksckZyHkkotfura df×pnfou;a i';fr rnk ,oe~ vfèkf{kifr& fujuqØks'kL; iq=kkS] ek pkiye~ bfrA ,r;ks;fZ n firqfuZjuqØks'k bfr uke/s;e~ ,r;kstuZ uh rsukoekfurk fuokZflrk ,rsu opusu nkjdkS fuHkZRlZ;frA (Loxre~) f/Ä~ ekesoHa kwre~A lk rifLouh eRÑrsukijk/su LokiR;esoa eU;qxHkSjZ {kjSfuZHkZRlZ;frA (lok"ieoyksd;fr) vfrnh?kZ% izoklks¿;a nk#.k'pA (fonw"kdeoyksD; tukfUrde~) oqQrwgysukfo"Vks ekrjeu;ksukZerks osfnrqfePNkfeA u ;qDra p L=khxreuq;ksDrqe]~ fo'ks"krLriksousA rr~ dks¿=kkH;qik;%\

24

fonw"kd% yo% fonw"kd% yo% jke%

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

& & & & &

fonw"kd% & jke% &

mHkkS jke%

& &

(tukfUrde~) vga iqu% i`PNkfeA (izdk'ke~) ¯d uke/s;k ;qo;kstuZ uh\ rL;k% }s ukeuhA dFkfeo\ riksouokfluks nsohfr ukEukà;fUr] Hkxoku~ okYehfdoZ/fw jfrA vfi p brLrkon~ o;L;! eqgÙw kZek=ke~A (mil`R;) vkKki;rq Hkoku~A vfi oqQekj;ksju;ksjLekoaQ p loZFkk le:i% oqQVqEco`ÙkkUr%\ (usiF;s) b;rh osyk l×tkrk jkek;.kxkuL; fu;ksx% fdeFk± u fo/h;rs\ jktu~! mikè;k;nwrks¿Leku~ Roj;frA e;kfi lEekuuh; ,o eqfufu;ksx%A rFkkfg& HkoUrkS xk;UrkS dfojfi iqjk.kks ozrfuf/j~ fxjka lUnHkks¿Z ;a izFkeeorh.kksZ olqerhe~A dFkk ps;a 'yk?;k ljfl#gukHkL; fu;ra] iqukfr Jksrkja je;fr p lks¿;a ifjdj%AA o;L;! viwoks¿Z ;a ekuokuka ljLoR;orkj%] rnga lqâTtulk/kj.ka Jksrfq ePNkfeA lfUu/h;Urka lHkkln%] iz"s ;rkeLenfUroaQ lkSfef=k%] vgeI;sr;ksf'pjkluifj[ksna fogj.ka ÑRok viu;kfeA (bfr fu"ØkUrk% los)Z

25

f'k'kqykyue~

'kCnkFkkZ% mRFkk; vyÄ~fØ;rs firkeg% lgÏnhf/fr% d.Bk'ys"kL; ifj"oT; fofpUR; vufHkK% vè;kflrqe~ lO;o/kue~ vè;kL;rke~ vyefrnkf{k.;su

& & & & & & & & & & & &

mfRFkrks HkwRok foHkw";rs firq%firk lw;Z% d.Bs vk'ys"kL; vkfyÄuõ a ÑRok fopk;Z vifjfpr% mios"Vqe~ O;o/kusu lfgre~ mifo';rke~ vyefrdkS'kysu

& & & & & & & & & & & &

vÄïe~ fgedj% i'kqifr% osQrd&NnRoe~

& & & &

ØksMe~ pUæ% f'ko% osQrdL; NnRoe~

& & & &

vkRexre~ lekukfHktukS lao`ÙkkS izfropue~ lksn;ksZ

& & & & &

Loxre~ lekuoqQyksRiÂkS latkrkS mÙkje~ lgksnjkS

& & & & &

mBdj lq'kksfHkr gksrk gS firk osQ firk lw;Z xys yxkus dk vkfyÄuõ djosQ fopkj djosQ ugha tkuus okyk@vutku cSBus osQ fy, #dkoV lfgr cSfB;s vR;f/d n{krk] vf/d oqQ'kyrk ugha djsa xksn esa pUæek f'ko osQrdh (osQoM+)s osQ iq"i ls cuk eLrd dk 'ks[kj (twM+k) eu gh eu ,d oqQy esa iSnk gksus okys gks x;s mÙkj lgksnj@lxs HkkbZ

26

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

;eykS 'kjhjlfUuos'k% mnkÙkjE;% leqnkpkj% miu;uksins'ksu

& & & & &

uke/s;e~ fujuqØks'k% o;L; Hk.kfr vEck mr izÑfrLFkk vf/f{kifr pkiye~ voekfurk nkjdkS fuHkZRlZ;fr fu%'oL; LokiR;e~

& & & & & & & & & & & & & &

;qxykS vX jpukfoU;kl% vR;Ur je.kh;% f'k"Vkpkj% miu;uL; mins'ksu (miu;u&laLdkjnh{k;k) uke funZ;% fe=k dFk;fr tuuh vFkok lkekU; eufLFkfr vf/{ksia djksfr piyrke~ frjLÑrk iq=kkS rtZ;fr nh?k± 'okla x`ghRok LolUrfre~

& & & & &

tqM+ok 'kjhj dh cukoV vR;f/d euksgj f'k"Vkpkj miu;u dh nh{kk osQ dkj.k

& & & & & & & & & & & & & &

uke n;k jfgr fe=k dgrk gS ekrk vFkok LokHkkfod :i ls iQVdkjrh gS papyrk viekfur iq=k /edkrh gS nh?kZ 'okl ysdj viuh lUrku dh

vUo;

&

xq.kegrke~ vfi o;ks¿uqjks/kr~ f'k'kqtu% ykyuh;% ,o HkofrA ckyHkkokr~ fg fgedj% vfi i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoe~ oztfrA

Hkko

&

vR;f/d xq.kh yksxksa osQ fy, Hkh NksVh mez osQ dkj.k ckyd ykyuh; gh gksrk gSA pUæek ckyHkko osQ dkj.k gh 'kVj osQ eLrd dk vkHkw"k.k cudj osQrdh iq"iksa ls fufeZr pwM+k dh Hkk¡fr 'kksfHkr gksrk gSA

27

f'k'kqykyue~

vUo;

&

HkoUrkS xk;UrkS] iqjk.k% ozrfuf/% dfo% vfi] olqerhe~ izFkea vorh.kZ% fxjke~ v;a lUnHkZ%] ljfl#gukHkL; p b;a 'yk?;k dFkk] l% p v;a ifjdj% fu;ra Jksrkja iqukfr je;fr pA Hkko & Hkxoku~ okYehfd }kjk fuc¼ iqjk.kiq#"k dh dFkk] oqQ'k yo }kjk Jh jke dks lquk;h tkuh Fkh] mlh dh lwpuk nsrs gq, usiF; ls oqQ'k vkSj yo dks fcuk le; u"V fd;s vius drZO; dk ikyu djus dk funsZ'k fn;k tkrk gSA nksuksa jke ls vkKk ysdj tkuk pkgrs gSa rc Jh jke mi;qZDr 'yksd osQ ekè;e ls ml jpuk dk lEeku djrs gSaA vki nksuksa (oqQ'k vkSj yo) bl dFkk dk xku djus okys gSa] riksfuf/ iqjk.k eqfu (okYehfd) bl jpuk osQ dfo gSa] /jrh ij izFke ckj vorfjr gksus okyk LiqQV ok.kh dk ;g dkO; gS vkSj bldh dFkk deyukfHk fo".kq ls lEc¼ gS bl izdkj fu'p; gh ;g la;ksx Jksrkvksa dks ifo=k vkSj vkufUnr djus okyk gSA

vH;kl% 1-

v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLo`QrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) jkek; oqQ'kyo;ks% d.Bk'ys"kL; Li'kZ% dhn`'k% vklhr~\ ([k) jke% yooqQ'kkS oqQ=k mios'kf;rqe~ dFk;fr\ (x) ckyHkkokr~ fgedj% oqQ=k fojktrs\ (?k) dq'kyo;ks% oa'kL; dÙkkZ d%\ (Ä) osQu lEcU/su okYehfd% oqQ'kyo;ks% xq#% vklhr~\ (p) oqQ'kyo;ks% ekrja okYehfd% osQu ukEuk vkà;fr\

2-

js[kkfÄïrs"kq ins"kq foHkfDrdkj.ka fufnZ'kr& (d) jktu~! vye~ vfrnkf{k.;suA ([k) jke% yooqQ'kkS vkluk/Ze~ mios'k;frA (x) f/Ä~ eke~ ,oaHkwre~A (?k) vVO;ofgre~ vè;kL;rka ¯lgklue~A (Ä) vye~ vfrfoLrjs.kA

28

3-

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

e×tw"kkr% i;kZ;};a fpRok inkuka le{ka fy[kr& f'ko% f'k"Vkpkj% 'kf'k% pUæ'ks[kj% lqr% bnkuhe~ vèkquk iq=k% lw;Z% lnkpkj% fu'kkdj% Hkkuq% (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä) (p)

fgedj% lEizfr leqnkpkj% i'kqifr% ru;% lglznhf/fr%

& & & & & &

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4-

mnkgj.keuql`R; v/ksfyf[krs"kq ins"kq iz;qDr&izѯr&izR;;×p fy[kr& ;Fkk& vklue~ & vkl~ $ Y;qV~ izR;;% inkfu izÑfr% izR;;% (d) ;qDre~ & ---------------- $ ---------------([k) Hkktue~ & ---------------- $ ---------------(x) 'kkyhurk & ---------------- $ ---------------(?k) ykyuh;% & ---------------- $ ---------------(Ä) NnRoe~ & ---------------- $ ---------------(p) lfUufgr% & ---------------- $ ---------------(N) lEekuuh;k & ---------------- $ ----------------

5-

fo'ks"k.k&fo'ks";inkfu ;kst;r& ;Fkk& fo'ks"k.k inkfu fo'ks"; inkfu 'yk?;k & dFkk (1) mnkÙkjE;% (d) leqnkpkj% (2) vfrnh?kZ% ([k) Li'kZ%

29

f'k'kqykyue~

(3) le:i% (4) ân;xzkgh (5) oqQekj;ks% 6-

7-

(d) (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä) ([k) (d) ([k) (x) (?k)

(x) dq'kyo;ks% (?k) izokl% (Ä) dqVqEco`ÙkkUr%

v/ksfyf[krins"kq lfU/a oqQ#r };ks% $ vfi & }kS $ vfi & d% $ v=k & vufHkK% $ vge~ & bfr $ vkRekue~ & v/ksfyf[krins"kq foPNsna oqQ#r vgeI;sr;ks% & o;ks¿uqjks/kr~ & lekukfHktukS & [kYosrr~ &

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

vèkksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu d% oaQ izfr dFk;fr& d% (d) lO;o/kua u pkfj=;yksik;A --------------------([k) ¯d oqQfirk ,oa Hk.kfr] mr izÑfrLFkk\ --------------------(x) tkukE;ga rL; uke/s;e~A --------------------(?k) rL;k }s ukEuhA ---------------------

de~ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% ukV~;&izlÄ%õ oqQUnekyk osQ ys[kd fnÄ~ukx us izLrqr ukVd esa jkedFkk osQ d#.k volkn Hkjs mÙkjk/ZZ dh ukVdh; lEHkkoukvksa dks ekSfydrk ls lkdkj fd;k gSA blh dFkkud ij izfl¼ ukVddkj

30

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

HkoHkwfr dk mÙkjjkepfjr Hkh vkfJr gSA oqQUnekyk osQ Ngksa vVksa dk n`';fo/ku okYehfd&riksou osQ ifjlj esa gh osQfUær gSA izLrqr ukVdka'k i×pe vV ls lEikfnr dj lVfyr fd;k x;k gSA yo vkSj dq'k ls feyus ij jke osQ ân; esa muls vk¯yxu dh ykylk gksrh gSA muosQ Li'kZlq[k ls vfHkHkwr gks jke] mUgsa vius ¯lgklu ij] viuh xksn esa fcBkdj ykM+ djrs gSaA blh Hkko dh iqf"V esa ukVd esa ;g 'yksd m¼`r gS& Hkofr f'k'kqtuks o;ks¿uqjks/kn~ xq.kegrkefi ykyuh; ,o A oztfr fgedjks¿fi ckyHkkokr~ i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoe~ AA f'k'kqLusgleHkko'yksdk%& vusu dL;kfi oqQykÄ~oQq js.k Li`"VL; xk=ks"kq lq[ka eeSoe~ A dka fuoZ`¯r psrfl rL; oqQ;kZn~ ;L;k;eÄ~dkr~ Ñfru% iz:<% AA vUr%dj.krÙoL; nEiR;ks% LusglaJ;kr~ A vkuUnxzfUFkjsdks¿;eiR;fefr iB~;rs AA /wyh/wljruo% ØhMkjkT;s LoosQ p jeek.kk% A Ñreq[kok|fodkjk% ØhMfUr lqfuHkZja ckyk% AA vfu;r#fnr fLer fojktr~ dfri;dkseynUroqQM~eykxze~ A onudeyoaQ f'k'kks% Lejkfe L[kynle×tle×tqtfYira rs AA

(dkfynklL;) (HkoHkwrs%)

(dL;fpr~)

prqFkZ% ikB%

O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% izLrqr ikB vk;qonZs osQ izfl¼ xzUFk ^lqJrq lafgrk* osQ fpfdRlk LFkku esa of.kZr 24osa vè;k; ls ladfyr gSA blesa vkpk;Z lqJrq us O;k;ke dh ifjHkk"kk crkrs gq, mlls gksus okys ykHkksa dh ppkZ dh gSA 'kjhj esa lqxBu] dkfUr] LiwQfrZ] lfg".kqrk] uhjksxrk vkfn O;k;ke osQ ize[q k ykHk gSAa 'kjhjk;kltuua deZ O;k;kelafKre~ A rRÑRok rq lq[ka nsga foe`nu~ h;kr~ leUrr% AA1AA

'kjhjksip;% dkfUrxkZ=kk.kka lqfoHkDrrk A nhIrkfXuRoeukyL;a fLFkjRoa yk?koa e`tk AA2AA JeDyefiiklks".k&'khrknhuka lfg".kqrk A vkjksX;a pkfi ijea O;k;keknqitk;rs AA3AA u pkfLr ln`'ka rsu fdf×pRLFkkSY;kid"kZ.ke~ A u p O;k;kfeua eR;ZenZ;UR;j;ks cykr~ AA4AA

32

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

u pSua lglkØE; tjk lef/jksgfr A fLFkjhHkofr ekala p O;k;kekfHkjrL; p AA5AA O;k;kefLoUuxk=kL; in~H;keqno ~ frZrL; p A O;k/;ks uksiliZfUr oSurs;feoksjxk% o;ks:ixq.kSghZuefi oqQ;kZRlqn'kZue~ AA6AA O;k;kea oqQoZrks fuR;a fo#¼efi Hkkstue~ A fonX/efonX/a ok funksZ"ka ifjiP;rs AA7AA O;k;keks fg lnk iF;ks cfyuka fLuX/Hkksftuke~ A l p 'khrs olUrs p rs"kka iF;re% LEk`r% AA 8AA losZ"o`rq"ogjg% iqfEHkjkRefgrSf"kfHk% A cyL;k/sZu dÙkZO;ks O;k;keks gUR;rks¿U;Fkk AA9AA âfnLFkkukfLFkrks ok;q;Znk oD=ka izi|rs A O;k;kea oqQoZrks tUrksLrn~cyk/ZL; y{k.ke~ AA10AA o;kscy'kjhjkf.k ns'kdkyk'kukfu p A leh{; oqQ;kZn~ O;k;keeU;Fkk jksxekIuq;kr~ AA11AA

'kCnkFkkZ% vk;kl% foe`n~uh;kr~ leUrr% mip;%

& & & &

iz;Ru%] iz;kl%] Je% enZ;sr~ loZr% vfHko`f¼%

& & & &

ifjJe ekfy'k djuh pkfg, iwjh rjg ls o`f¼

33

O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%

dkfUr% xk=ke~ lqfoHkDrrk nhIrkfXuRoe~

& & & &

vkHkk 'kjhje~ 'kkjhfjda lkS"Boe~ tBjkXus% izo/Zue~

& & & &

e`tk Dye% fiiklk m".k% LFkkSY;e~ vid"kZ.ke~ vnZ;fUr vj;% vkØE; tjk vfHkjrL; fLoUuxk=kL; in~H;ke~ mn~ofrZrL;

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

LoPNhdj.ke~ JetfuRka 'kSfFkY;e~ ikrqe~ bPNk rki% vfrekalyRoa] ihurk nwjhdj.ke~ vnZua oqQoZfUr 'k=ko% vkØe.ka ÑRok ok/ZD;e~ layXuL; Losnsu flDrL; 'kjhjL; in~H;ke~ mUuferL;

& & & & & & & & & & & & &

oSurs;% mjx% fonX/e~ ifjiP;rs vgu~ iF;a vgjg% iqfEHk% v'kukfu

& & & & & & & & &

x#M% liZ% lqiDoe~ th;Zrs fnol% vuqowQye~ izfrfnue~ iq#"kS% vkgkjk%@Hkkstukfu

& & & & & & & & &

ped 'kjhj 'kkjhfjd lkSUn;Z tBjkfXu dk iznhIr gksuk vFkkZr~ Hkw[k yxuk LoPN djuk Fkdku I;kl xehZ eksVkik nwj djuk] de djuk oqQpy Mkyrs gSa 'k=kqx.k geyk djosQ cq<+kik rYyhu gksus okys dk ilhus ls yFkiFk 'kjhj dk nksuksa iSjksa ls Åij mBus okys O;k;ke x#M+ lk¡i Hkyh izdkj iosQ gq, ip tkrk gS fnu mfpr gj jkst iq#"kksa osQ }kjk Hkkstu

34

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

vH;kl% 1-

v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ (d) dhn`'ka deZ O;k;kelafKre~ dF;rs\ ([k) O;k;kekr~ ¯d fdeqitk;rs\ (x) tjk dL; ldk'ka lglk u lef/jksgfr\ (?k) fd;rk cysu O;k;ke% drZO;%\ (Ä) v/ZcyL; y{k.ke~ fde~\

2-

mnkgj.keuql`R; dks"Bdxrs"kq ins"kq r`rh;kfoHkfDra iz;qT; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& ;Fkk & O;k;ke% -------- ghuefi lqn'kZua djksfr (xq.k) O;k;ke% xq.kS% ghuefi lqn'kZua djksfrA (d) -------------------- O;k;ke% dÙkZO;%A (cyL;k/Z) ([k) -------------------- ln`'ka fdf×pr~ LFkkSY;kid"kZ.ka ukfLrA (O;k;ke) (x) -------------------- fouk thoua ukfLrA (fo|k) (?k) l% -------------------- [k×t% vfLrA (pj.k) (Ä) lwidkj% -------------------- Hkkstua ft?kzfrA (ukfldk)

3-

LFkwyinek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) 'kjhjL; vk;kltuua deZ O;k;ke% bfr dF;rsA ([k) vj;% O;k;kfeua u vnZ;fUrA (x) vkRefgrSf"kfHk% loZnk O;k;ke% drZO;%A (?k) O;k;kea dqoZr% fo#¼a Hkkstue~ vfi ifjiP;rsA (Ä) xk=kk.kka lqfoHkDrrk O;k;kesu laHkofrA

35

O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%

4-

fuEufyf[krkuke~ vO;;kuke~ fjDrLFkkus"kq iz;ksxa oqQ#rμ lglk] vfi] ln`'ka] loZnk] ;nk] lnk] vU;Fkk (d) -------------------- O;k;ke% dÙkZO;%A ([k) -------------------- euq";% lE;o~Q:is.k O;k;kea djksfr rnk l% -------------------- LoLFk% fr"BfrA (x) O;k;kesu vlqUnjk% -------------------- lqUnjk% HkofUrA (?k) O;k;kfeu% tuL; ldk'ka ok/ZD;a -------------------- uk;kfrA (Ä) O;k;kesu -------------------- fdf×pr~ LFkkSY;kid"kZ.ka ukfLrA (p) O;k;kea leh{; ,o drZO;e~ -------------------- O;k/;% vk;kfUrA

5-

(d) v/ksfyf[krs"kq rf¼rins"kq izѯr@izR;;a p i`Fko~Q ÑRok fy[krμ ewy'kCn% (izÑfr%) izR;;% --------------------------------------(d) iF;re% ¾ $ --------------------------------------([k) lfg".kqrk ¾ $ --------------------------------------(x) vfXuRoe~ ¾ $ --------------------------------------(?k) fLFkjRoe~ ¾ $ --------------------------------------(Ä) yk?koe~ ¾ $ ([k) v/ksfyf[krÑnUrins"kq ewy/krqa izR;;a p i`Fko~Q ÑRok fy[krμ (d) drZO;% ([k) Hkkstue~ (x) vkfLFkr% (?k) Le`r% (Ä) leh{; (p) vkØE; (N) tuue~

ewy'kCn% ------------------------------------------------------------vk $ -------------------------------------------------le~ -----------------------vk $----------------------------------------------------

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

izR;;% -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

36

6-

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

v/ksfyf[krsH;% insH;% milxkZu~ i`Fko~Q ÑRok fy[krμ ;Fkk& lqn'kZue~ & lq $ n'kZue~ (d) mitk;rs ------------------------------- $ --------------------------------([k) vid"kZ.ke~ ------------------------------- $ --------------------------------(x) vf/jksgfr ------------------------------- $ --------------------------------(?k) izi|rs ------------------------------- $ --------------------------------(Ä) lqfoHkDrrk

7-

-------------------------------

$

---------------------------------

(d) "k"B 'yksdL; HkkoekfJR; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& ;Fkk& ------------------ lehis mjxk% u ------------------ ,oeso O;k;kfeu% tuL; lehia ------------------ u xPNfUrA O;k;ke% o;ks:ixq.kghue~ vfi tue~ ------------------ djksfrA ([k) mnkgj.keuql`R; okP;ifjorZua oqQ#r& deZokP;e~ dr`ZokP;e~ ;Fkk&vkRefgrSf"kfHk% O;k;ke% fØ;rs vkRefgrSf"k.k% O;k;kea oqQoZfUrA (1) cyork fo#¼efi Hkkstua iP;rs -----------------------------------------------------(2) tuS% O;k;kesu dkfUr% yH;rs -----------------------------------------------------(3) eksgusu ikB% iB~;rs -----------------------------------------------------(4) yr;k xhra xh;rs -----------------------------------------------------(x) ^O;k;keL; ykHkk%* bfr fo"k;ef/ÑR; i×pokD;s"kq ,de~ vuqPNsna fy[krA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% (d) lqJqr% vk;qonsZ L;] ^lqJqrlafgrk* bR;k[;L; xzUFkL; jpf;rkA vfLeu~ xzUFks 'kY;fpfdRlk;k% izk/kU;efLrA lqJqr% 'kY;'kkL=kKL; fnoksnklL; f'k";% vklhr~A fnoksnkl% lqJqra okjk.kL;ke~ vk;qosZne~ vikB;r~A lqJqr% fnoksnklL; mins'kku~ LoxzUFks¿fy[kr~A ([k) miyC/klq vk;qosZnh;&lafgrklq ^lqJqrlafgrk* loZJs"B% 'kY;fpfdRlkiz/kuks xzUFk%A vfLeu~ xzUFks 120 vè;k;s"kq Øes.k lw=kLFkkus ekSfydfl¼kUrkuka 'kY;deksiZ ;ksfx&;U=kknhuka] funkuLFkkus

37

O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%

izeq[kk.kka jksxk.kka] 'kjhjLFkkus 'kjhj'kkL=kL; fpfdRlkLFkkus] 'kY;fpfdRlk;k% dYiLFkkus p fo"kk.kka izdj.kkfu of.kZrkfuA vL; mÙkjrU=ks 66 vè;k;k% lfUrA (x) oSurs;feoksjxk% μ d';i ½f"k dh nks ifRu;k¡ Fkhaμ dæq vkSj fourkA fourk dk iq=k x#M+ Fkk vkSj dæq dk iq=k liZA fourk dk iq=k gksus osQ dkj.k x#M+ dks oSurs; dgk tkrk gSA (fourk;k% v;e~ oSurs;%] v.k~ izR;;s Ñrs)A x#M+ liZ ls vf/d rkdroj gksrk gS] Hk;o'k lk¡i x#M+ ds ikl tkus dk lkgl ugha djrkA ;gk¡ O;k;ke djus okys euq"; dh rqyuk x#M+ ls rFkk O;kf/;ksa dh rqyuk lk¡i ls dh xbZ gSA ftl izdkj x#M+ osQ le{k lk¡i ugha tkrkA mlh izdkj O;k;ke djus okys O;fDr osQ ikl jksx ugha iQVdrsA

Hkkf"kdfoLrkj% xq.kokpd 'kCnksa ls Hkko vFkZ esa ";×k~ vFkkZr~ ; izR;; yxkdj Hkkookph inksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA 'kCn osQ izFke Loj esa o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj vfUre v dk yksi gksrk gSA (d) 'kwjL; Hkko% 'kkS;Ze~ & 'kwj $ ";×k~ ([k) lqUnjL; Hkko% lkSUn;Ze~ & lqUnj $ ";×k~ (x) lq[kL; Hkko% lkS[;e~ & lq[k $ ";×k~ (?k) fonq"k% Hkko% oSnq";e~ & fo}l~ $ ";×k~ (Ä) e/qjL; Hkko% ek/q;Ze~ & e/qj $ ";×k~ (p) LFkwyL; Hkko% LFkkSY;e~ & LFkwy $ ";×k~ (N) vjksxL; Hkko% vkjksX;e~ & vjksx $ ";×k~ (t) lfgrL; Hkko% lkfgR;e~ & lfgr $ ";×k~~ Fkky~&izR;;%& ^izdkj* vFkZ esa Fkky~ tSls& rsu izdkjs.k & ;su izdkjs.k & vU;su izdkjs.k & loZ izdkjs.k & mHk; izdkjs.k &

izR;; dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA rFkk ;Fkk vU;Fkk loZFkk mHk;Fkk

38

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

HkkofoLrkj% (d) 'kjhjek|a [kyq /eZlk/ue~ ([k) yk?koa deZlkeF;± LFkS;± Dys'klfg".kqrkA nks"k{k;ks¿fXuo`f¼'p O;k;keknqitk;rsAA (x) ;Fkk 'kjhjL; j{kk;S mfpra Hkkstue~] mfpr'p O;ogkj% vko';dks¿fLr rFkSo 'kjhjL; LokLF;k; O;k;ke% vfi vko';d%A (?k) ;qDrkgkjfogkjL; ;qDrps"VL; deZlqA ;qDrLoIukocks/L; ;ksxks Hkofr nq%[kgkAA (Ä) if{k.k% vkdk'ks mah;Urs rs"kke~ mM~M;ueso rs"kka O;k;ke%A i'koks¿fi brLrr% iyk;Urs] iyk;ueso rs"kka O;k;ke%A 'kS'kos f'k'kq% LogLriknkS pky;fr] v;eso rL; O;k;ke%A fo$vk$;e~ /krks% ?k×k~ izR;;kr~ fu"iUu% O;k;ke 'kCn% foLrkjL; fodklL; p okpd%A ;rks fg O;k;kesu vXkuka fodkl% HkofrA vr% lq[kiwoZoaQ thoua ;kif;rqa euq";S% fuR;a O;k;ke% dj.kh;%A

39

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

i×pe% ikB%

cqf¼cZyorh lnk izLrqr ikB 'kqdlIrfr% uked izfl¼ dFkkxzUFk ls lEikfnr dj fy;k x;k gSA blesa vius nks NksV&s NksVs iq=kksa osQ lkFk taxy osQ jkLrs ls firk osQ ?kj tk jgh cqf¼erh uked ukjh osQ cqf¼dkS'ky dks fn[kk;k x;k gS tks lkeus vk, gq, 'ksj dks Mjk dj Hkxk nsrh gSA bl dFkkxzUFk esa uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk dh dgkfu;ksa osQ }kjk vizR;{k :i ls ln~of` Ùk dk fodkl djk;k x;k gSA vfLr nsmyk[;ks xzke%A r=k jkt¯lg% uke jktiq=k% olfrLeA ,dnk osQukfi vko';ddk;s.Z k rL; Hkk;kZ cqf¼erh iq=k};ksirs k firqxgZ` a izfr pfyrkA ekxsZ xgudkuus lk ,oaQ O;k?kza nn'kZA lk O;k?kzekxPNUra n`"V~ok /k"V~;kZr~ iq=kkS pisV;k izâR; txknμ¶dFkesoQS d'kks O;k?kzHk{k.kk; dyga oqQ#Fk%\ v;esdLrkof}HkT; HkqT;rke~A i'pkn~ vU;ks f}rh;% df'pYy{;rsA¸

bfr JqRok O;k?kzekjh dkfpfn;fefr eRok O;k?kzks Hk;koqQyfpÙkks u"V%A

40

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

futcqnè~ ;k foeqDrk lk Hk;kn~ O;k?kzL; HkkfeuhA vU;ks¿fi cqf¼ek¡YyksoQs eqP;rs egrks Hk;kr~AA Hk;koqQya O;k?kza n`"V~ok df'pr~ /wr%Z Ük`xky% glÂkgμ ¶Hkoku~ oqQr% Hk;kr~ iykf;r%\¸ O;k?kz%& xPN] xPN tEcqd! Roefi fdf×pn~ xw
fpfUrrorh&tEcqdÑrksRlkgkn~ O;k?kzkr~ dFka eqP;rke~\ ija izR;qRiÂefr% lk tEcqdekf{kiUR;Äq Yõ ;k rtZ;UR;qokpμ js js /wrZ Ro;k nÙka eáa O;k?kz=k;a iqjkA fo'okL;k|Sdekuh; dFka ;kfl onk/qukAA

41

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

bR;qDRok /kfork rw.k± O;k?kzekjh Hk;ÄïjkA O;k?kzk¿s fi lglk u"V% xyc¼Ük`xkyd%AA ,oa izdkjs.k cqf¼erh O;k?kztkn~ Hk;kr~ iqujfi eqDrk¿Hkor~A vr ,o mP;rs& cqf¼cZyorh rfUo loZdk;s"Z kq loZnkAA

'kCnkFkkZ% Hkk;kZ iq=k};ksisrk misrk dkuus nn'kZ /k"V~;kZr~ pisV;k izâR; txkn dyge~ foHkT;

& & & & & & & & & & &

iRuh iq=k};su lfgrk ;qDrk ous vi';r~ /`"VHkkokr~ djizgkjs.k pisfVdka nRok mDrorh fookne~ foHkDra ÑRok

& & & & & & & & & & &

y{;rs

&

vfUo";rs

&

O;k?kzekjh

&

&

u"V% Hkkfeuh

& &

O;k?kza ekj;fr (gfUr) bfr e`r%] iykf;r% Hkkfeuh] :iorh L=kh

iRuh nksuksa iq=kksa osQ lkFk ;qDr taxy esa ns[kk fxM+k vyx&vyx djosQ (ck¡Vdj) ns[kk tk,xk] <w¡<+k tk,xk ck?k dks ekjus okyh

& &

Hkkx x;k :iorh L=kh

42

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

tEcqd% xw<+izns'ke~ x`ghrdjthfor% vkosfnre~ izR;{ke~ lkReiq=kkS ,oSQd'k% vRrqe~ dygk;ekukS

& & & & & & & & &

Ük`xky% xqIrizns'ke~ gLrs izk.kkÂhRok foKkfire~ le{ke~ lk vkReu% iq=kkS ,de~ ,oaQ ÑRok Hk{kf;rqe~ dyga oqQoZUrkS

& & & & & & & & &

izgjUrh bZZ{krsrs osyk vkf{kiUrh

& & & &

izgkja oqQoZUrh i';fr le;% vk{ksia oqQoZUrh

& & & &

rtZ;Urh fo'okL; rw.kZe~ Hk;Äïjk xyc¼&Ük`xkyd%

& & & & &

rtZua oqQoZUrh lek'oL; 'kh?kze~ Hk;a djksfr bfr xys c¼ Ük`xky% ;L; l%

& & & & &

fl;kj xqIr izns'k esa gFksyh ij izk.k ysdj crk;k lkeus og vius nksuksa iq=kksa dks ,d ,d djosQ [kkus osQ fy, >xM+k djrs gq, (nks) dks ekjrh gqbZ ns[krh gS 'krZ vk{ksi djrh gqbZ] f>M+drh gqbZ] HkRlZuk djrh gqbZ /edkrh gqb]Z Mk¡Vrh gqbZ fo'okl fnykdj tYnh] 'kh?kz Hk;ksRikfndk xys esa ca/s gq, Ük`xky okyk

vfUreL; 'yksdL; vUo;%& js js /wrZ! Ro;k eáa iqjk O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A fo'okL; (vfi) v| ,oQe~ vkuh; dFka ;kfl bfr v/quk onA bfr mDRok Hk;Vjk O;k?kzekjh rw.k± /kforkA xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% vfi lglk u"V%A gs rfUo! loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq cqf¼cZyorhA

43

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

vH;kl% 1-

vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ (d) cqf¼erh osQu misrk fir`x`Zga izfr pfyrk\ ([k) O;k?kz% ¯d fopk;Z iykf;r%\ (x) yksosQ egrks Hk;kr~ d% eqP;rs\ (?k) tEcqd% ¯d onu~ O;k?kzL; migkla djksfr\ (Ä) cqf¼erh Ük`xkya fde~ mDrorh\

2-

LFkwyinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) r=k jkt¯lgks uke jktiq=k% olfrLeA ([k) cqf¼erh pisV;k iq=kkS izârorhA (x) O;k?kza n`"V~ok /wrZ% Ük`xky% vonr~A (?k) Roe~ ekuq"kkr~ foHksf"kA (Ä) iqjk Ro;k eáa O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A

3-

mnkgj.keuql`R; drZfj izFkek foHkDrs% fØ;k;k×p ^Drorq* izR;;L; iz;ksxa ÑRok okP;ifjorZua oqQ#rμ ;Fkk&r;k vga gUrqe~ vkjC/% & lk eka gUrqe~ vkjCèkorhA ------------------------------------------(d) e;k iqLroaQ ifBre~A & ------------------------------------------([k) jkes.k Hkkstua Ñre~A & ------------------------------------------(x) lhr;k ys[k% fyf[kr%A & ------------------------------------------(p) v'osu r`.ka HkqDre~A & ------------------------------------------(Ä) Ro;k fp=ka n`"Ve~A &

4-

v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu ?kVukØes.k la;kst;rμ (d) O;k?kz% O;k?kzekjh b;fefr eRok iykf;r%A ([k) izR;qRiÂefr% lk Ük`xkya vkf{kiUrh mokpA

44

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(x) (?k) (Ä) (p) (N) (t) 5-

tEcqdÑrksRlkg% O;k?kz% iqu% dkuue~ vkxPNr~A ekxsZ lk ,oaQ O;k?kza vi';r~A O;k?kza n`"V~ok lk iq=kkS rkM;Urh mokp&v/quk ,deso O;k?kza foHkT; HkqT;rA cqf¼erh iq=k};su misrk firqx`gZ a izfr pfyrkA ^Roa O;k?kz=k;a vkuf;rqa* izfrKk; ,deso vkuhroku~A xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% iqu% iykf;r%A

l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna ok oqQ#rμ (d) firqxg`Z e~

&

([k) ,oSQd%

&

------------------ $ ----------------------------------- $ ------------------

(x) ------------------ &

vU;% $ vfi

(?k) ------------------ &

bfr $ mDRok

(Ä) ------------------ &

;=k $ vkLrs

6- (d) vèkksfyf[krkuka inkuke~ vFkZ% dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[kr& (d) nn'kZ & (nf'kZroku~] n`"Voku~) ([k) txkn & (vdFk;r~] vxPNr~) (x) ;;kS & (;kfproku~] xroku~) (?k) vÙkqe~ & ([kkfnrqe~] vkfo"oQrqZe~) (Ä) eqP;rs & (eqDrks Hkofr] eXuks Hkofr) (p) bZ{krs & (i';fr] bPNfr) ([k) ikBkr~ fpRok i;kZ;ina fy[krμ (d) oue~ & ([k) Ük`xky% & (x) 'kh?kze~ & (?k) iRuh & (Ä) xPNfl &

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

45

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

7-

izÑfrizR;;foHkkxa (d) pfyr% ([k) u"V% (x) vkosfnr% (?k) n`"V% (Ä) xr% (p) gr% (N) ifBr% (t) yC/%

oqQ#rμ & ----------------& ----------------& ----------------& ----------------& ----------------& ----------------& ----------------& -----------------

ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ cqf¼eR;k% LFkkus vkRekua ifjdYI; rn~Hkkouka LoHkk"k;k fy[krA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% Hkkf"kdfoLrkj% nn'kZ&n`'k~ /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFke iq#"k] ,dopu foHksf"k ^Hkh* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;e iq#"k] ,dopuA izgjUrh & iz $ â /krq] 'kr` izR;;] L=khfyÄAõ xE;rke~ & xe~ /krq] deZokP;] yksV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA ;;kS & ^;k* /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA ;kfl & xPNflA lekl xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% izR;qRiÂefr% TkEcqdo`QrksRlkgkr~ iq=k};ksisrk Hk;koqQyfpÙk%

& & & & &

xys c¼% Ük`xky% ;L; l%A izR;qRiUuk efr% ;L; l%A tEcqosQu Ñr% mRlkg% & tEcqdÑrksRlkg% rLekr~A iq=k};su misrkA Hk;su vkoqQy% fpÙke~ ;L; l%A

46

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

O;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr bfrA x`ghrdjthfor% & x`ghra djs thfora ;su l%A Hk;Vjk & Hk;a djksfr ;k bfrA xzUFk&ifjp; μ 'kqdlIrfr% osQ ys[kd vkSj dky osQ fo"k; esa ;|fi HkzkfUr cuh gqbZ gS] rFkkfi bldk dky 1000 bZ- ls 1400 bZ- osQ eè; ekuk tkrk gSA gsepUnz us (1088&1172) esa 'kqdlIrfr% dk mYys[k fd;k gSA pkSngoha 'krkCnh esa IkQkjlh Hkk"kk esa ^rwfrukeg* uke ls vuwfnr gqvk FkkA 'kqdlIrfr% dk
izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~

f}opue~

cgqopue~

gfUr gfUl gfUe

gr% gFk% gUo%

?ufUr gFk gUe%

y`V~ydkj%

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~

f}opue~

cgqopue~

gfu";fr gfu";fl gfu";kfe

gfu";r% gfu";Fk% gfu";ko%

gfu";fUr gfu";Fk gfu";ke%

47

cqf¼cZyorh lnk

yÄ~ydkj%

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~

f}opue~

cgqopue~

vgu~ vg% vgue~

vgrke~ vgre~ vgUo

vgr vgr vgUe

yksV~ydkj%

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~

f}opue~

cgqopue~

gUrq tfg gukfu

grke~ gre~ guko

?uUrq gr guke

fof/fyÄ~ydkj%

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~

f}opue~

cgqopue~

gU;kr~ gU;k% gU;ke~

gU;krke~ gU;kre~ gU;ko

gU;q% gU;kr gU;ke

48

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

"k"B% ikB%

lqHkkf"krkfu laLÑr Ñfr;ksa osQ ftu i|ksa ;k i|ka'kksa esa lkoZHkkSe lR; dks cM+s ekfeZd
vkyL;a fg euq";k.kka 'kjhjLFkks egku~ fjiq% A ukLR;q|eleks cUèkq% ÑRok ;a ukolhnfr AA1AA xq.kh xq.ka osfÙk u osfÙk fuxqZ.kks] cyh cya osfÙk u osfÙk fucZy% A fidks olUrL; xq.ka u ok;l%] djh p flagL; cya u ew"kd% AA2AA

fufeÙkeqfí'; fg ;% izoqQI;fr] èkzqoa l rL;kixes izlhnfr A vdkj.k}sf"k euLrq ;L; oS] dFka tuLra ifjrks"kf;";fr AA3AA

49

lqHkkf"krkfu

mnhfjrks¿FkZ% i'kqukfi x`árs] g;k'p ukxk'p ogfUr cksfèkrk% A vuqDreI;wgfr if.Mrkstu%] ijsfÄõrKkuiQyk fg cq¼;% AA4AA

Øksèkks fg 'k=kq% izFkeks ujk.kka] nsgfLFkrks nsgfouk'kuk; A ;FkkfLFkr% dk"Bxrks fg ofÉ%] l ,o ofÉnZgrs 'kjhje~ AA5AA e`xk e`xS% lÄ õeuqoztfUr] xko'p xksfHk% rqjxkLrqjXS% A ew[kkZ'p ew[kSZ% lqfèk;% lqèkhfHk%] leku&'khy&O;lus"kq l[;e~ AA6AA lsforO;ks egko`{k% iQyPNk;klefUor% A ;fn nSokr~ iQya ukfLr Nk;k osQu fuok;Zrs AA7AA veU=ke{kja ukfLr] ukfLr ewyeukS"kèke~ A v;ksX;% iq#"k% ukfLr ;kstdLr=k nqyZHk% AA8AA laiÙkkS p foiÙkkS p egrkesd:irk A mn;s lfork jÙkQks jÙkQÜÓkLre;s rFkk AA9AA fofp=ks [kyq lalkjs ukfLr fdf×pfÂjFkZde~ A v'o'psn~ èkkous ohj% HkkjL; ogus [kj% AA10AA

50

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

'kCnkFkkZ% volhnfr osfÙk ok;l% djh fufeÙk% izoqQI;fr èkqzoa vixes izlhnfr vdkj.k}sf"keu%

& & & & & & & & & &

ifjrks"kf;";fr mnhfjr% x`árs g;k% ukxk% Ågfr bfXrKkuiQyk%

& & & & & & &

if.Mr% ofÉ% ngrs vuqoztfUr

& & & &

nq%[ke~ vuqHkofr tkukfr dkd% xt% dkj.ke~ vfrdksia djksfr fuf'pre~ lekIrs izlUu% Hkofr vdkj.ka }s"ka djksfr bfr vdkj.k}sf"k rn~on~eu% ;L; ifjrks"ka nkL;fr mDr% dfFkr% izkI;rs v'ok% gfLru% fuèkkZj;fr bfÄõra Kkue~] bfÄõrKkueso iQya ;L;k% lk] rk% fo}ku~] cqf¼eku~ vfXu% Toky;fr i'pkr~ xPNfUr

rqjxk%

&

v'ok%

& & & & & & & & & & l% & & & & & & &

& & & & &

nq%[kh gksrk gS tkurk gS dkSvk gkFkh dkj.k vR;fèkd Øksèk djrk gS fuf'pr :i ls lekIr gksus ij izlUu gksrk gS vdkj.k gh }s"k djus okyk eu gS ftldk lUrq"V djsxk dgk gqvk izkIr fd;k tkrk gS ?kksM+s gkFkh vanktk yxkrk gS lVsrtU; Kku :ih iQy okys cqf¼eku~ vkx tykrk gS ihNs&ihNs tkrs gSa] vuqlj.k djrs gSa ?kksMs+

51

lqHkkf"krkfu

lqfèk;% O;lus"kq l[;e~ lsforO;% nSokr~ fuok;Zrs veU=ke~ eU=k ewye~ vkS"kèke~

& & & & & & & & & &

;kstd% lfork jDr% [kj%

& & & &

fo}kal% LoHkkos eS=kh vkJf;rO;% HkkX;kr~ fuokj.ka fØ;rs u eU=ka] veU=ke{kja bfr euu;ksX;e~ v/%Hkkxe~ vkS"kfèk$v.k~ (ouLifr fufeZre~) (;qt~ $.oqy~) lw;Z% xnZHk%

& & & & & & & & & &

fo}ku~ euh"kh vknr] LoHkko esa fe=krk vkJ; ysuk pkfg, HkkX; ls jksdk tkrk gS eU=kghu euu ;ksX;@lkFkZd@lkjoku~ tM+ nok] tM+h&cwVh

& & & &

tksM+us okyk lw;Z yky xèkk

'yksdkuke~ vUo;%& 1- euq";k.kka 'kjhjLFk% egku~ 'k=kq% vkyL;e~A m|ele% cUèkq% u vfLr ;a ÑRok (euq";%) u volhnfrA 2- xq.kh xq.ka osfÙk] fuxZq.k% (xq.ka) u osfÙk] cyh cya osfÙk] fucZy% (cya) u osfÙk] olUrL; xq.ka fid% (osfÙk)] ok;l% u (osfÙk)] flagL; cya djh (osfÙk)] ew"kd% uA 3- ;% fufeÙke~ mfí'; izoqQI;fr l% rL; vixes èkzqoa izlhnfr ;L; eu% vdkj.k}sf"k (vfLr) ra tu% dFka ifjrks"kf;";frA 4- i'kquk vfi mnhfjr% vFkZ% x`árs] g;k% ukxk% p cksfèkrk% (Hkkja) ogfUr] if.Mr% tu% vuqDre~ vfi Ågfr cq¼;% ijsfXrKkuiQyk% HkofUrA 5- ujk.kka nsgfouk'kuk; izFke% 'k=kq% nsgfLFkr% Øksèk%A ;Fkk dk"Bxr% fLFkr% ofÉ% dk"Be~ ,o ngrs (rFkSo 'kjhjLFk% Øksèk%) 'kjhja ngrs A

52

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

6- e`xk% e`xS% lg] xko'p xksfHk% lg] rqjxk% rqjXS% lg] ew[kkZ% ew[kSZ% lg] lqfèk;% lqèkhfHk% lg vuqoztfUrA l[;e~ leku'khyO;lus"kq (Hkofr)A 7- iQyPNk;k lefUor% egko`{k% lsforO;%A nSokr~ ;fn iQya ukfLr (o`{kL;) Nk;k osQu fuok;ZrsA 8- veU=ke~ v{kja ukfLr] vukS"kèke~ ewya ukfLr] v;ksX;% iq#"k% ukfLr] r=k ;kstd% nqyZHk%A 9- egrke~ laiÙkkS foiÙkkS p ,d:irk HkofrA ;Fkk& lfork mn;s jDr% Hkofr] rFkk vLre;s p jDr% HkofrA 10- fofp=ks lalkjs [kyq fdf×pr~ fujFkZoaQ ukfLrA v'o% psr~ èkkous ohj%] (rfgZ) HkkjL; ogus [kj% (ohj%) vfLrA

vH;kl% 1- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) osQu le% cUèkq% ukfLr\ ([k) olUrL; xq.ka d% tkukfrA (x) cq¼;% dhn`';% HkofUr\ (?k) ujk.kka izFke% 'k=kq% d%\ (Ä) lqqfèk;% l[;a osQu lg Hkofr\ (p) vLekfHk% dhn`'k% o`{k% lsforO;%\ 2-

v/ksfyf[krs vUo;};s fjDrLFkkuiwfr± oqQ#rμ (d) ;% ------------------ mfí'; izoqQI;fr rL;k ------------------ l% èkzqoa izlhnfrA ;L; eu% vdkj.k}sf"k vfLr] ra dFka ------------------ ifjrks"kf;";fr\ ([k) ------------------ [kyq lalkjs ------------------ fujFkZde~ ukfLrA v'o% psr~ ------------------ ohj%] [kj% ------------------ (ohj%) (Hkofr)

3-

v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka foykseinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[kr& -----------------(d) izlhnfr -----------------([k) ew[kZ% -----------------(x) cyh

53

lqHkkf"krkfu

---------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) lqyHk% (Ä) laiÙkkS (p) vLrs (N) lkFkZde~ 4-

v/ksfyf[krkuka okD;kuka Ñrs lekukFkZdku~ 'yksdka'kku~ ikBkr~ fpRok fy[kr& (d) fo}ku~ l ,o Hkofr ;% vuqDre~ vfi rF;a tkukfrA ([k) euq";% leLoHkkoS% tuS% lg fe=krka djksfrA (x) ifjJea oqQokZ.k% uj% dnkfi nq%[ka u izkIuksfrA (?k) egkUr% tuk% loZnSo leizÑr;% HkofUrA

5-

;FkkfunsZ'ka ifjorZua fo/k; okD;kfu jp;r& (d) xq.kh xq.ka tkukfrA (cgqopus) ([k) i'kq% mnhfjra vFk± x`ÊkfrA (deZokP;s) (x) e`xk% e`xS% lg vuqoztfUrA (,dopus) (?k) d% Nk;ka fuokj;frA (deZokP;s)

6-

lfUèka@lfUèkfoPNsna oqQ#r& (d) u $ ([k) ------- $ (x) vuqDre~ $ (?k) ------ $ (Ä) ------ $ (p) jDr% $ (N) ------- $

7-

vfLr $ -----vfi $ ------------------p $ -----------

laLÑrsu okD;iz;ksxa oqQ#r& (d) ok;l% ([k) fufeÙke~

m|ele% Ågfr

vLre;s

-------------------------------------

& & & & & & &

------------rL;kixes ------------xko'p ukfLr ------------;kstdLr=k

54

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

-------------------------------------------------------

(x) lw;Z% (?k) fid% (Ä) ofÉ%

ifj;kstukdk;Ze~

(d) m|eL; egÙoa o.kZ;r% i×p'yksdku~ fy[krA vFkok dkfi dFkk ;k Hkof•% ifBrk L;kr~ ;L;ka m|eL; egÙoa of.kZre~ rka LoHkk"k;k fy[krA ([k) fufeÙkeqfí'; ;% izoqQI;fr èkqzoa l rL;kixes izlhnfrA ;fn Hkork dnkfi bZn`'k% vuqHko% Ñr% rfgZ LoHkk"k;k fy[krA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% 1- rRiq#"k lekl 'kjhjLFk% x`gLFk% euLLFk% rVLFk% owQiLFk% o`{kLFk% foekuLFk%

& & & & & & &

2- vO;;hHkko lekl fuxqZ.ke~ & fueZf{kde~ &

'kjhjs fLFkr% x`gs fLFkr% eufl fLFkr% rVs fLFkr% owQis fLFkr% o`{ks fLFkr% foekus fLFkr% xq.kkuke~ vHkko% ef{kdk.kke~ vHkko%

55

lqHkkf"krkfu

futZye~ fujkgkje~

& &

tyL; vHkko% vkgkjL; vHkko%

3- i;kZ;okfpinkfu& 'k=kq% & fjiq%] vfj%] oSfj% fe=ke~ & l[kk] cUèkq%] lqân~ ofÉ% & vfXu%] nkgd%] ikod% lqfèk;% & fo}kal%] foKk%] vfHkKk% v'o% & rqjx%] g;%] ?kksVd% xt% & djh] gLrh] nUrh] ukx%A o`{k% & nzqe%] r#%] egh#g%A lfork & lw;Z%] fe=k%] fnokdj%] HkkLdj%A eU=k% ^euukr~ =kk;rs bfr eU=k%A* vFkkZr~ os 'kCn tks lksp&fopkj dj cksys tk,¡A lykg ysuk] eU=k.kk djukA eU=k~$vp~ (fdlh Hkh nsork dks lEcksfèkr) oSfnd lwDr ;k izkFkZukijd oSfnd eU=k] osn dk ikB rhu izdkj dk gS& ;fn NUnksc¼ vkSj mPp Loj ls cksyk tkus okyk gS rks ^½o~Q* gS] ;fn x|e; vkSj eUnLoj esa cksyk tkus okyk gS rks ^;tql~* gS] vkSj ;fn NUnksc¼rk osQ lkFk xs;rk gS rks ^lkeu~* gS (izkFkZukijd) ;tql~ tks fdlh nsork dks mn~fn"V djosQ cksyk x;k gks& ^vksa ue% f'kok;* vkfnA iapra=k esa Hkh ea=k.kk] ijke'kZ] mins'k rFkk xqIr ea=k.kk osQ vFkZ esa bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA

56

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

lIre% ikB%

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk gekjs okrkoj.k esa HkkSfrd lq[k lk/uksa osQ lkFk&lkFk vusdksa vkink,¡ Hkh yxh jgrh gSaA izkÑfrd vkink,¡ thou dks vLr&O;Lr dj nsrh gSaA dHkh fdlh egkekjh dh vkink] ck<+ rFkk lw[ks dh vkink ;k rwiQku osQ :i esa Hk;Vj izy;μ ;s lc ge vius thou esa ns[krs rFkk lqurs jgrs gSaA HkwoQEi Hkh ,slh gh vkink gS A ftlosQ ckjs esa ;gk¡ n`f"Vikr fd;k x;k gSA bl ikB osQ ekè;e ls ;g crk;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh vkink esa fcuk fdlh ?kcjkgV osQ] fgEer osQ lkFk fdl izdkj ge viuh lqj{kk Lo;a dj ldrs gSaA

,dksÙkj f}lgÏ∫h"VkCns (2001 bZLoh;s o"ks)Z x.krU=k&fnol&ioZf.k ;nk lexzefi Hkkjr jk"Vªa u`R;&xhrokfn=kk.kke~ mYykls eXueklhr~ rnkdLeknso xqtZj& jkT;a i;kZoQq ya] foi;ZLre~] ØUnufodya] foiUu×p tkre~A HkwdEiL; nk#.k& foHkhf"kdk leLrefi xqtZj{ks=ka fo'ks"ks.k p dPNtuina èoalko'ks"kq ifjofrZrorhA HkwdEiL; osQUnzHkwra Hkqtuxja rq e`fÙkdkØhMudfeo [k.M[k.Me~ tkre~A cgqHkwfedkfu Hkoukfu {k.ksuSo èkjk'kk;hfu tkrkfuA mR[kkrk fo|qíhiLrEHkk%A fo'kh.kkZ% x`glksiku& ekxkZ%A iQky};s foHkDrk Hkwfe%A HkwfexHkkZnqifj fuLljUrhfHk% nqokZj tyèkkjkfHk%&

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk

57

egkIykoun`';e~ mifLFkre~A lgÏferk% izkf.kuLrq {k.ksuSo e`rk%A èoLrHkous"kq lEihfMrk lgÏ'kks¿U;s lgk;rkFk± d#.kd#.ka ØUnfUr LeA gk nSo! {kqR{kked.Bk% e`rizk;k% osQpu f'k'koLrq bZ'ojÑi;k ,o f}=kkf.k fnukfu thoua èkkfjroUr%A b;eklhr~ HkSjofoHkhf"kdk dPN HkwdEiL;A i×pksÙkj f}lgÏ∫h"VkCns (2005 bZLoh;s o"ksZ) vfi d'ehj izkUrs ikfdLrku ns'ks p èkjk;k% egRdEiua tkre~A ;LekRdkj.kkr~ y{kifjferk% tuk% vdkydkydofyrk%A i`Foh dLekRizdEirs oSKkfudk% bfr fo"k;s dFk;fUr ;r~ i`fFkO;k vUrxZHksZ fo|ekuk% c`gR;% ik"kk.k& f'kyk ;nk la?k"kZ.ko'kkr~ =kqV~;fUr rnk tk;rs Hkh"k.ka laL[kyue~] laL[kyutU;a dEiu×pA rnSo Hk;kogdEiua èkjk;k mifjryeI;kxR; egkdEiua tu;fr ;su egkfouk'kn`';a leqRi|rsA Tokykeq[kioZrkuka foLiQksVSjfi HkwdEiks tk;r bfr dFk;fUr HkwdEifo'ks"kKk%A i`fFkO;k% xHksZ fo|ekuks¿fXu;Znk [kfute`fÙkdkf'kykfnl×p;a DoFk;fr rnk rRloZeo s ykokjlrke~ misR; nqokZjxR;k èkjka ioZra ok fonk;Z cfgfuZ"ØkefrA èkweHkLeko`ra tk;rs rnk xxue~A lsfYl;'k&rki&ek=kk;k v"V'krkÄïrkeqixrks¿;a ykokjlks ;nk unhosxsu izogfr rnk ik'oZLFkxzkek uxjkf.k ok rnqnjs {k.ksuSo lekfo'kfUrA fugU;Urs p foo'kk% izkf.ku%A Tokykeqn~fxjUr ,rs ioZrk vfi Hkh"k.ka HkwdEia tu;fUrA ;|fi nSo% izdksiks HkwdEiks uke] rL;ksi'keuL; u dks¿fi fLFkjksik;ks n`';rsA izÑfr le{ke|kfi foKkuxfoZrks ekuo% okeudYi ,o rFkkfi HkwdEijgL;Kk% dFk;fUr ;r~ cgqHkwfedHkoufuekZ.ka u dj.kh;e~A rVcUèka fuekZ; c`gUek=ka unhtyefi uSdfLeu~ LFkys iq×thdj.kh;e~ vU;Fkk vlUrqyuo'kkn~ HkwdEiLlEHkofrA oLrqr% 'kkUrkfu ,o i×prÙokfu f{kfrtyikodlehjxxukfu HkwryL; ;ksx{ksekH;ka dYiUrsA v'kkUrkfu [kyq rkU;so egkfouk'ke~ miLFkki;fUrA

58

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

'kCnkFkkZ% i;kZoqQye~ foi;ZLre~ foiUue~ nk#.kfoHkhf"kdk èoalko'ks"kq e`fÙkdkØhMudfeo cgqHkwfedkfu Hkoukfu

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

mR[kkrk% fo'kh.kkZ% iQky};s fuLljUrhfHk% nqokZj egkIykoue~ {kqR{kked.B% dkydofyrk% la?k"kZ.ko'kkr~ laL[kyue~ tu;fr HkwdEifo'ks"kKk% [kfut DoFk;fr fonk;Z ik'oZLFk&xzkek% mnjs lekfo'kfUr

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

pkjksa vksj ls cspSu vLrO;Lr (foifÙkxzLr) eqlhcr esa Hk;;qDr fouk'k osQ ckn cph gqbZ oLrq fe^h osQ f[kykSus osQ leku cgqeaftys edku

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

ifjr%O;koqQye~ vLrO;Lre~ foifÙk;qDre~ Hk;Vj=kkl% uk'kksijkUre~ vof'k"Vs"kq e`fÙkdk;k% ØhMude~ bo cgO;% Hkwfedk% ;s"kq rkfu Hkoukfu mRikfVrk% u"Vk% [k.M};s fuxZPNUrhfHk% nq%[ksu fuokjf;rqa ;ksX;e~ egr~ Iykoue~ {kqèkk {kke% d.Bk% ;s"kke~ rs fnoaxrk% fopyue~ mRiÛka djksfr Hkqo% dEiujgL;L; Kkrkj%

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

μ μ μ μ μ &

mR[kuukr~ izkIra nzO;e~ mÙkIra djksfr fonh.k± ÑRok] fHkRok fudVLFk xzkek% oqQ{kkS vUr% xPNfUr

μ μ μ μ μ μ

m[kM+ x;s fc[kj x;s nks [k.Mksa esa fudyrh gqbZ ftudks gVkuk dfBu gS fo'kky ck<+ Hkw[k ls nqcZy d.B okys e`R;q dks izkIr gq, LFkku ls gVuk mRiUu djrh gS Hkwfe osQ dEiUu osQ jgL; dks tkuus okys Hkwfe dks [kksnus ls izkIr oLrq mckyrh gS] rikrh gS iQkM+dj lehi osQ xk¡o isV esa lek tkrh gSa

59

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk

mn~fxjUr% mi'keuL; okeudYi fuekZ; iq×thdj.kh;e~ ;ksx{ksekH;ke~

μ μ μ μ μ μ

izdV;Ur% 'kkUrs% okeuln`'k% fuekZ.ka ÑRok laxzg.kh;e~ vizkIrL; izkfIr% ;ksx% izkIrL; j{k.ka {kse% rkH;ke~

μ μ μ μ μ μ

izdV djrs gq, 'kkUr djus dk ckSuk cukdj bd_k djuk pkfg, vizkIr dh izkfIr ;ksx gS izkIr dh j{kk {kse gS

vH;kl% 1-

vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLo`QrHkk"k;k fy[kr & (d) leLrjk"Vªa dhn`o~Q mYykls eXue~ vklhr~\ ([k) HkwdEiL; osQUnzfcUnq% d% tuin% vklhr~\ (x) i`fFkO;k% L[kyukr~ ¯d tk;rs\ (?k) lexzks fo'o% oSQ% vkrafdr% n`';rs\ (Ä) osQ"kka foLiQksVSjfi HkwdEiks tk;rs\ (p) dhn`'kkfu Hkoukfu èkjk'kk;hfu tk;Urs\

2-

lfUèka@lfUèkfoPNsna p oqQ#r & (v) ijlo.kZlfUèkfu;ekuqlkje~ & (d) fd×p ¾ ---------------- $ p ([k) ---------------- ¾ uxje~ $ rq ¾ ----------------

$ ----------------

(?k) ------------------ ¾ fde~ (Ä) HkqtuxjUrq ¾ ----------------

$ uq $ ----------------

(p) ---------------- ¾ le~

$ p;%

(x) foiUu×p

60

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(vk) folxZlfUèkfu;ekuqlkje~& (d) f'k'koLrq ¾ ---------------([k) ---------------¾ foLiQksV%S (x) lgLkz'kks¿U;s ¾ ---------------(?k) fofp=kks¿;e~ ¾ fofp=k% (Ä) ---------------¾ HkwdEi% (p) okeudYi ,o ¾ ---------------3-

$ $ $ $ $ $

---------------vfi vU;s ---------------tk;rs ----------------

(v) ^d* LrHHks inkfu nÙkkfu ^[k* LrEHks foykseinkfu] r;ks% la;ksxa oqQ#r& d [k lEiUue~ izfo'kUrhfHk% èoLrHkous"kq lqfpjs.kSo fuLljUrhfHk% foiUue~ fuekZ; uofufeZr Hkous"kq {k.ksuSo fouk'; (vk) ^d* LrEHks inkfu nÙkkfu ^[k* LrEHks lekukFkZdinkfu r;ks% la;ksxa oqQ#r & d [k i;kZoqQye~ u"Vk% fo'kh.kkZ% Øksèk;qDrke~ mn~fxjUr% la=kksV~; fonk;Z O;koqQye~ izoqQfirke~ izdV;Ur%

4-

(v) mnkgj.keuql`R; izÑfr&izR;;;ks% foHkkxa oqQ#r& ;Fkk& ifjofrZrorh & ifj $ o`r~ $ Drorq $ Ähi~ (L=kh) èk`roku~ & ----------------- $ ----------------glu~ & ----------------- $ -----------------

61

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk

fo'kh.kkZ & fo $ 'kÏ $ Dr $ izpyUrh & ----------------- $ ----------------- $ 'kr` $ gr% & ----------------- $ ----------------(vk) ikBkr~ fofpR; leLrinkfu fy[kr& egr~ p rr~ dEiua ¾ ---------------------------------nk#.kk p lk foHkhf"kdk ¾ ---------------------------------èoLrs"kq p rs"kq Hkous"kq ¾ ---------------------------------izkDrus p rfLeu~ ;qxs ¾ ---------------------------------egr~ p rr~ jk"Vªa rfLeu~ ¾ ----------------------------------

--------------Ähi~ (L=kh)

5-

LFkwyinkfu vkèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk fo'ks"ks.k dPNtuina èoalko'ks"ks"kq ifjofrZrorhA ([k) oSKkfudk% dFk;fUr ;r~ i`fFkO;k% vUrxZHksZ] ik"kk.kf'kykuka la?k"kZ.ksu dEiua tk;rsA (x) foo'kk% izkf.ku% vkdk'ks fiihfydk% bo fugU;UrsA (?k) ,rkn`'kh Hk;kog?kVuk x<+oky{ks=ks ?kfVrkA (Ä) rfnnkuhe~ HkwdEidkj.ka fopkj.kh;a fr"BfrA

6-

^HkwdEifo"k;s* i×pokD;fere~ vuqPNsna fy[krA

7-

dks"BosQ"kq nÙks"kq /krq"kq funsZ'kkuqlkja ifjorZua fo/k; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) lexza Hkkjra mYykls eXu% ------------------- (vl~ $ yV~ ydkjs) ([k) HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk dPNtuina fou"Va ------------------- (Ñ $ Drorq $ Ähi~) (x) {k.ksuoS izkf.ku% x`gfoghuk% ------------------- (Hkw $ yÄ~] izFke iq#"k cgqopu) (?k) 'kkUrkfu i×prÙokfu HkwryL; ;ksx{ksekH;ka ------------------- (Hkw $ yV~] izFke iq#"k cgqopu) (Ä) ekuok% ------------------- ;r~ cgqHkwfedHkoufuekZ.ka dj.kh;e~ u ok\ (i`PN~ $ yV~] izFke iq#"k cgqopu) (p) unhosxsu xzkek% rnqnjs ------------------- (le~ $ vk $ fo'k~ $ fof/fyÄ~] izFke iq#"k ,d opu)

62

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% HkwdEi ifjp; μ Hkwfe dk dEiu HkwdEi dgykrk gSA og fcUnq HkwdEi dk mn~xe osQUnz dgk tkrk gS] ftl fcUnq ij dEiu dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA dEiu rjax osQ :i esa fofoèk fn'kkvksa esa vkxs pyrk gSA ;s rjaxas lHkh fn'kkvksa esa mlh izdkj iSQyrh gSa tSls fdlh 'kkUr rkykc esa iRFkj osQ VqdM+kas dks isaQdus ls rjaxsa mRiUu gksrh gSaA èkjkry ij oqQN LFkku ,sls gSa tgk¡ HkwdEi izk;% vkrs gh jgrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ vuqlkj& iz'kkUr egklkxj osQ pkjkas vksj osQ izns'k] fgekpy izns'k] xXk] czãiq=k dk rVh; Hkkx bu {ks=kksa esa vusd HkwdEi vk, ftuesa ls oqQN rks vR;fèkd Hk;kog vkSj fouk'kdkjh FksA lqukeh Hkh ,d izdkj dk HkwdEiu gh gS ftlesa Hkwfe osQ Hkhrj vR;Ur xgjkbZ ls rhoz dEiu mRiUu gksrk gSA ;gh dEiu leqnz osQ ty dks dkiQh m¡QpkbZ rd rhozrk iznku djrk gSA iQyLo:i rVh; {ks=k lokZfèkd izHkkfor gksrs gSaA lqukeh dk Hkh"k.k izdksi 20 flrEcj 2004 dks gqvkA ftldh pisV esa Hkkjrh; izk;}hi lfgr vusd ns'k vk x;sA f{kfr] ty] ikod] xxu vkSj lehj bu i×prRoksa esa lUrqyu cuk, j[kdj izkÑfrd vkinkvksa ls cpk tk ldrk gSA blosQ foijhr vlUrqfyr i×prRoksa ls l`f"V fou"V gks ldrh gS\ HkwdEifo"k;s izkphuere~ izkphuS% ½f"kfHk% vfi LoLoxzUFks"kq HkwdEiksYys[k% Ñr% ;su Li"Va Hkofr ;r~ HkwdEik% izkphudkys¿fi vk;kfUr LeA ;Fkk& ojkglafgrk;ke~& f{kfrdEiekgqjsosQ eáUrtZyfuokfllÙoÑre~ HkwHkkjf[kUufnXxtfu%'okl leqn~Hkoa pkU;sA vfuyks¿fuysu fufgr% f{krkS iru~ lLoua djksR;U;s osQfpr~ Ron`"VdkfjrfeneU;s izkgqjkpk;kZ%AA e;wjfp=ks dnkfpr~ HkwdEi% Js;ls¿fi dYirsA ,rkn`'kk% vfi mYys[kk% vLekoaQ lkfgR;s leqiYkH;Urs ;Fkk ok#.ke.MyekS'kuls &

HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk

izrhP;ka ;fn dEisr ok#.ks lIrosQ x.ks] f}rh;;kes jk=kkS rq r`rh;s ok#.ka Le`re~ A v=k o`f"V'p egrh 'kL;o`f¼LrFkSo p] izKk èkeZjrk'pSo Hk;jksxfooftZrk% AA mYdkHkwdEifnXnkglEHko% 'kL;o`¼;s A {ksekjksX;lqfHk{kk;S o`"V;s p lq[kk; p A HkwdEilek ,o vfXudEi%] ok;qdEi%] vEcqdEi% bR;soe¿U;s¿fi HkofUrA

63

64

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

v"Ve% ikB%

iz'u=k;e~ izLrqr dFkk :lh dFkkdkj fy;ks VkYLVk; dh izfl¼ dgkuh osQ vaxzsth vuqokn dk laf{kIr :i esa iqujk[;ku gSA ;gk¡ lsok rFkk ijksidkj ij cy nsrs gq, dgk x;k gS fd blosQ }kjk dBksj ls Hkh dBksj euq"; dk ân;&ifjofrZr gks ldrk gS ftldh orZeku le; esa ekuo lekt osQ fy, egrh vko';drk gSA df'pn~ jktk Loeufl fujUrja izorZekuk;kftKklk;k% lekèkkuk; dfLe¡f'pnkJes fuolrks equ%s ik'oZeiq kxPNr~A rnkuha eqfu% Lodk;Zly a Xu ,o jktkua ;Fks"VeH;uUnr~A jktk ra eqfua iz'u=k;ei`PNr~& d% le;% Js"B%\ d% iqjQ"k% Js"B%\ ¯d deZ p Js"Be~\ bfrA eqfuLrq jktkua izfr u è;kRok Lodk;Zesokdjksr~A

r=kkJes jkKks fuoklkfnO;oLFkkefi fuèkkZ;Z eqfuuZ fdeI;okspr~ izR;qr Lodh;kfu dk;kZf.k ;FkkiwoeZ kpjr~A jktk iqu% iqu% rkuso iz'ukuqiLFkkI; equ#s Ùkja izrhf{kroku~A

65

iz'u=k;e~

fdUrq eqfuuZ fdefi oDrqeqRlqd%A l p fujUrjekJeL; d"kZ.ka] ektZua] lspua] rFkkU;kfu dk;kZf.k drq± O;ki`r%A jktk fujk'kks HkwRok izR;korZuL; fopkja pdkjA vFkkijs|%q jkKks jktèkkuha izfr izLFkkuksRlqdL; iqjr% df'pr~ 'kL=kkgr% JeDykUr% iq#"k% vkJeekxr%A rL; d"Va foyksD; n;knzksZ eqfu;ZFkklkè;a rL;ksipkjs izo`Ùk%A jktkfi rkn`'kL; vkrqjL; n'k;k fody bo equsLrfLeu~ dk;sZ rnkns'ksu lgk;rka pdkjA dfri;Sjso fnolSjkxUrqdks equs% jkK'pksipkjs.k LoLFkks tkr%A l p jktkueqokpμ e;k osQukfi dkj.ksu Øksèkkfo"Vsu jktSo gUrO; vklhr~ fdUrq ef}pkjL; izdk'kukn~ jktiq#"kk% eka Hk`'kerkM;u~ cUnhÑroUr'pA ;FkkdFkefi v=k fujkinekJeekxrks¿fLe iyk;ekuks cUèkukr~A vèkquk Hkorks O;ogkjs.k dksiks es xfyr%A {kUrO;kss¿;a ojkdks tu%A vkKki;rq egkjkt%A vFk jktkua eqfu#okp&¶eU;s Hkonh;L; iz'u=k;L; lekèkkueL; tuL; ifjofrZrekulL; lso;So tkre~A eqfu% iqujfi fo'knhoqQoZUudFk;r~& v;eso Js"B% le;% ;=k ekuo% ijksidkjs dfLeUufi deZf.k ok O;ki`r%A le{ka orZeku% iq#"k ,o Js"B% dL;kfi lgk;rka dke;eku%A lsoo S Js"Ba deZ ;su ân;ifjorZuefi tk;rsA¸ jktk equs#Ùkjiznkui¼R;k izeqfnr% HkwRok Louxja xr%A

'kCnkFkkZ% izorZekuk;k% mikxPNr~ ;Fks"Ve~ vH;uUnu~ izrhf{kroku~ fu/kZ;Z izR;korZuL; vijs|q% iqjr%

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

pyk;ekuk% lehia xroku~ bPNkuqlkje~ vfHkuUnua o`Qroku~ izrh{kke~ vdjksr~ fuf'pra ÑRok izfr$vkorZuL; vijfLeu~ fnus le{ke~

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

pyrh gqbZ dk fudV x;k LosPNk ls Lokxr fd;k izrh{kk dh fuf'pr djosQ ykSVus dk vxys fnu lkeus

66

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

foyksD; ;Fkklkè;e~ Hk`'ke~ fujkine~ xfyr% ojkdks fo'knhoqQoZu~ {kUrO;% izo`Ùk% izeqfnr% O;ki`r% pdkj

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

n`"V~ok ;FkklaHkoe~ vR;f/de~ vkin~foghue~ lekIr% foo'k% foLrkja oqQoZu~ {kek ;ksX;% layXu% izd"ksZ.k eqfnr% deZf.k fujr% vdjksr~

μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ

vH;kl% 1-

v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukukeqÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ (d) jktk fdeFk± equs% ik'oZeqikxPNr~\ ([k) jktk eqfua dku~ iz'uku~ vi`PNr~\ (x) vijs|q% dhn`'k% iqjQ"k% vkJeekxr%\ (?k) iqjQ"k% dFka LoLFk% tkr%\ (Ä) Js"B% le;% d%\ (p) Js"Ba deZ fde~\

2-

LFkwyinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) jktk eqfua iz'u=k;ei`PNr~A ([k) eqfu% Lodk;ZlayXu ,o jktkue~ vH;uUnr~A (x) jktk ftKklk;k% lek/kuk; equs% ik'oZexPNr~A

ns[kdj ftruk laHko Fkk vR;f/d foifÙk jfgr u"V gks x;k cspkjk foLrkj djrs gq, {kek djus ;ksX; yxk gqvk vrho izlUu dke esa yxk gqvk fd;k

67

iz'u=k;e~

(?k) jktk iz'uku~ miLFkkI; equs% mÙkja izrhf{kroku~A (Ä) jktk 'kL=kkgrL; lgk;rke~ vdjksr~A 3- ^d* LrEHks nÙkkuka fo'ks"k.kinkuka ^[k* LrEHks nÙkS% fo'ks";S% lg la;kstua oqQ#rμ (d) izorZekuk;k% 'kL=kkgr% n;knzZ% ojkd% dfri;S% fujkine~ Lodh;kfu Js"Be~

([k) eqfu% vkJee~ ftKklk;k% fnolS% iqjQ"k% tu% deZ dk;kZf.k

4-

ikBkr~ leLrina fpRok (d) iwoeZ ~ vufrØE; ([k) 'kL=ks.k vkgr% (x) jkK% iq#"k% (?k) egku~ pklkS jktk (Ä) Jes.k DykUr% (p) vkinkuke~ vHkko%

5-

ikBkr~ fpRok vO;;inS% fjDrLFkkuiwfr± oqQ#rμ (d) -------------- Hkorks O;ogkjs.k dksiks es xfyr%A ([k) jktk vkJes equs% -------------- vkxPNr~A

mÙkjkf.k ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

foxzg&okD;&le{ka fy[krμ ---------------------------& ---------------------------& ---------------------------& ---------------------------& ---------------------------& ---------------------------&

(x) eqfu% -------------- vkJes jkKks fuoklkfnO;oLFkkefi vdjksr~A (?k) jktk -------------- rkuso i'pkr~ miLFkkfiroku~A

68

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

6-

vèkksfyf[krkfu loZukeinkfu dLeS iz;qDrkfu bfr okD;le{ks fy[krμ (d) jktk ra iz'u=k;ei`PNr~A ([k) rL; d"Va foyksD; eqfu% rL;ksipkjs izo`Ùk%A (x) l fujk'kks HkwRok izR;korZuL; fopkjedjksr~A (?k) l Lodk;ZlayXu ,o jktkua&;Fks"VeH;uUnr~A

7-

lfUèkfoPNsna oqQ#rμ (d) ;Fks"Ve~ & ([k) izR;korZue~ & (x) rFkkU;kfu & (?k) df'pr~ & (Ä) lso;So & (p) rL;ksipkjs &

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

$ $ $ $ $ $

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ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ ^lsokijeksèkeZ%* bfr Hkkoa o.kZ;u~ dkefi lR;?kVuka dFkka ok fy[kr&

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% Hkkf"kd foLrkj%μ izorZekuk;k% & mikxPNr~ & vH;uUnr~ & izrhf{kroku~ & fuèkkZ;Z & vokspr~ & izR;korZuL; &

iz mi vfHk izfr fuj~ op~ izfr

$ $ $ $ $ $ $

o`r~ $ 'kkup~ (L=kh-) "k"Bh fo- ,dopue~ vk $ xe~ yÄ~ ydkj iz- iq- ,dopue~ √uUn~ $ yÄ~ ydkj iz- iq- ,dopue~ bZ{k~ $ √Drorq iz- iq- ,dopue~ √èk` (èkkj.ks) Y;i~ izR;; yqX ydkj iz- iq- ,dopue~ vk $ o`r~ $ Y;qV~ izR;; "k"Bh fo- ,dopue~

69

iz'u=k;e~

vijs|q% & (vO;; 'kCn) vij $ ,|ql~ O;ki`r% & fo $ vki` $ Dr dfri; & (fo'ks"k.kine~) oqQN] dfr $ v;p~] iqo~Q p dfri; 'kCn osQ :i vdkjkUr ia¡q- ^uj* 'kCn osQ leku gksaxsA bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx osQoy cgqopu esa gksrk gSA pdkj & √o`Q fyV~ ydkj izFke iq- ,dopue~ ^o`Q* èkkrq osQ fyV~ ydkj dk :i ^ijks{ks fyV~*

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ pdkj pdFkZ pdkj] pdj

f}opue~ pØrq% pØFkq% po`Qo

cgqopue~ pozqQ% pØ po`Qe

ydkj Nk=k ik¡p ydkjksa dk iz;ksx tkurs gSaA fdUrq laLÑr Hkk"kk esa nl ydkj gksrs gSaA nlksa ydkjksa osQ Kku osQ fy, ^xe~* /krq dk mngkj.k ns[ksa& xe~ /krq yV~ydkj% (orZekudky)

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xPNfr xPNfl xPNkfe

f}opue~ xPNr% xPNFk% xPNko%

cgqopue~ xPNfUr xPNFk xPNke%

xe~ /krq yÄ~ydkj% (vu|ruHkwr)

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ vxPNr~ vxPN% vxPNe~

f}opue~ vxPNrke~ vxPNre~ vxPNko

cgqopue~ vxPNu~ vxPNr vxPNke

70

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

xe~ /krq y`V~ydkj% (lkekU; Hkfo";) izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xfe";fr xfe";fl xfe";kfe

f}opue~ xfe";r% xfe";Fk% xfe";ko%

cgqopue~ xfe";fUr xfe";Fk xfe";ke%

xe~ /krq yksV~ydkj% (vkKk) izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xPNrq xPN xPNkfu

f}opue~ xPNrke~ xPNre~ xPNko

cgqopue~ xPNUrq xPNr xPNke

xe~ /krq fof/fyÄ~ydkj% izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xPNsr~ xPNs% xPNs;e~

f}opue~ xPNsrke~ xPNsre~ xPNso

cgqopue~ xPNs;q% xPNsr xPNse

xe~ /krq (vk'khfyZÄõ) izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xE;kr~ xE;k% xE;kle~

f}opue~ xE;kLrke~ xE;kLre~ xE;kLo

cgqopue~ xE;klq% xE;kLr xE;kLe

xe~ /krq ijks{ksHkwr (fyV~) izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ txke txfeFk] txUFk txke] txe

f}opue~ tXeLrq% tXeFkq% tfXeo

cgqopue~ tXeq% tXe tfXee

71

iz'u=k;e~

xe~ /krq (vu|ruHkfo"; yqV~)

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ xUrk xUrkfl xUrkfLe

f}opue~ xUrkjkS xUrkLFk% xUrkLOk%

cgqopue~ xUrkj% xUrkLFk xUrkLe%

xe~ /krq (lkekU;Hkwr&yqÄ~)

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ vxer~ vxe% vxee~

f}opue~ vxerke~ vxere~ vxeko

cgqopue~ vxeu~ vxer vxeke

xe~ /krq (fØ;k foifÙk&yqÄ~)

izFkeiq#"k% eè;eiq#"k% mÙkeiq#"k%

,dopue~ vxfe";r~ vxfe";% vxfe";e~

f}opue~ vxfe";rke~ vxfe";re~ vxfe";ko

cgqopue~ vxfe";u~ vxfe";r vxfe";ke

folxZ lfUèk esa folxZ osQ i'pkr~ l~ ;k r~ vkus ij folxZ osQ LFkku ij l~ gks tkrk gSA ;Fkkμ liZ% $ liZfr = liZLliZfr d% $ Roe~ = dLRoe~ eqfu% $ rq = eqfuLrq bl lfUèk esa in osQ vfUre l~ dks # vkns'k gksrk gS rFkk # osQ m dk yksi gks tkrk gSA eqfu% $ u = eqfuuZ equs% $ mÙkje~ = equs#Ùkje~ folxZ osQ iwoZ v gks vkSj ckn esa Hkh v gks rks folxZ dk vks rFkk ckn osQ vdkj dk iwoZ :i (¿) gks tkrk gSA

72

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

;Fkkμ d% $ vfi = dks¿fi l% $ vfi = lkss¿fi ys[kd ifjp;% fo'odFkk&lkfgR; esa :lh ys[kd fy;ks VkYLVk; dh vR;fèkd izflf¼ gSA lkfRodrk ls iw.kZ ,oa èkjrh ls tqM+h gqbZ dgkfu;ksa osQ ys[kd osQ :i esa VkYLVk; us fo'o&dFkk txr~ dks cgqr izHkkfor fd;k FkkA budk egku~ miU;kl ^okj ,.M ihl* mUuhloha 'krkCnh osQ Øhfe;k&;q¼ osQ dFkkud ij vkèkkfjr gS tks ;q¼ dh fujFkZdrk vkSj 'kkfUr osQ i{k esa okrkoj.k izLrqr djrk gSA VkYLVk; osQ fopkjksa dk egkRek xkUèkh ij cgqr izHkko iM+k FkkA nksuksa esa i=kkpkj Hkh gksrk FkkA fo'o dh izeq[k Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh VkYLVk; dh jpukvksa osQ vuqokn gq, gSaA laLo`Qr esa Hkh mudh jpuk,¡ vuwfnr gSa tks ^VkYLVk; dFkk laxzg%* osQ uke ls izfl¼ gSaA izLrqr dFkk izfl¼ :lh dFkkdkj fy;ks VkYLVk; dh ,d cgqizpfyr dgkuh osQ vaxzs”kh 'kh"kZd ‘Three question’ dk vuwfnr laf{kIr iqujk[;ku gSA ;g dgkuh lsok ,oa ijksidkjijd gksus osQ vfrfjDr ân; ifjorZudkjh gSA dgkuh esa ekuo dh egÙkk Hkh izfrikfnr gSA bl dFkk dk iqujk[;ku izks- mek'kadj 'kekZ ^½f"k* osQ }kjk fd;k x;k gSA izks- ½f"k u osQoy izfl¼ leh{kd gSa vfirq fonXèk jpukdkj osQ :i esa Hkh izfl¼ gSaA laLo`Qr esa vkidh ,d ekSfyd dFkk ^,dkfdRoe~* lkfgR; vdkneh u;h fnYyh ls izdkf'kr ^laLo`Qr y?kqdFkk laxzg* esa ladfyr gSA

uoe% ikB%

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ izLrqr ukV~;ka'k egkdfo fo'kk[knÙk }kjk jfpr ^eqækjk{kle~* uked ukVd osQ izFke vV ls mn~/r` fd;k x;k gSA uUnoa'k dk fouk'k djus osQ ckn mlosQ fgrSf"k;ksa dks [kkst&[kkstdj idM+okus osQ Øe esa pk.kD;] vekR; jk{kl ,oa mlosQ dqVfq Ec;ksa dh tkudkjh izkIr djus osQ fy, pUnunkl ls okrkZyki djrk gS fdUrq pk.kD; dks vekR; jk{kl osQ fo"k; esa dksbZ lqjkx u nsrk gqvk pUnunkl viuh fe=krk ij n`<+ jgrk gSA mlosQ eS=kh Hkko ls izlUu gksrk gqvk Hkh pk.kD; tc mls jktn.M dk Hk; fn[kkrk gS] rc pUnunkl jktn.M Hkksxus osQ fy;s Hkh lg"kZ izLrqr gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj vius lqân~ osQ fy, izk.kksa dk Hkh mRlxZ djus osQ fy;s rRij pUnunkl viuh lqân~&fu"Bk dk ,d ToyUr mnkgj.k izLrqr djrk gSA pk.kD;% & oRl! ef.kdkjJsf"Bua pUnunklfenkuha æ"VqfePNkfeA f'k";% & rFksfr (fu"ØE; pUnunklsu lg izfo';) br% br% Jsf"Bu~ (mHkkS ifjØker%) f'k";% & (mil`R;) mikè;k;! v;a Js"Bh pUnunkl%A pUnunkl% & t;Rok;Z% pk.kD;% & Jsf"Bu~! Lokxra rsA vfi izph;Urs laO;ogkjk.kka o`f¼ykHkk%\ pUnunkl% & (vkRexre~) vR;knj% 'kVuh;%A (izdk'ke~) vFk fde~A vk;ZL; izlknsu v[kf.Mrk es of.kT;kA pk.kD;% & Hkks Jsf"Bu~! izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% izfrfiz;fePNfUr jktku%A pUnunkl% & vkKki;rq vk;Z%] ¯d fd;r~ p vLeTtukfn";rs bfrA

74

pk.kD;%

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

&

pUnunkl% & pk.kD;% & pUnunkl% pk.kD;% pUnunkl% pk.kD;% pUnunkl%

& & & & &

pk.kD;%

&

pUnunkl% & pk.kD;% &

pUnunkl% & pk.kD;% pUnunkl% pk.kD;% pUnunkl% pk.kD;%

& & & & &

Hkks Jsf"Bu~! pUæxqIrjkT;fena u uUnjkT;e~A uUnL;So vFkZlEcUèk% izhfreqRikn;frA pUæxqIrL; rq HkorkeifjDys'k ,oA (lg"kZe)~ vk;Z! vuqxg` hrks¿fLeA Hkks Jsf"Bu~! l pkifjDys'k% dFkekfoHkZofr bfr uuq Hkork iz"VO;k% Le%A vkKki;rq vk;Z%A jktfu vfo#¼o`fÙkHkZoA vk;Z! d% iquj/U;ks jkKks fo#¼ bfr vk;s.Z kkoxE;rs\ Hkokuso rkor~ izFkee~A (d.kkSZ fi/k;) 'kkUra ikie~] 'kkUra ikie~A dhn`'kLr`.kkukefXuuk lg fojks/%\ v;ehn`'kks fojks/% ;r~ Roe|kfi jktkiF;dkfj.kks¿ekR;jk{klL; x`gtua Lox`gs j{kflA vk;Z! vyhdesrr~A osQukI;uk;s.Z k vk;kZ; fuosfnre~A Hkks Jsf"Bu~! vyek'kV;kA Hkhrk% iwojZ ktiq#"kk% ikSjk.kkfePNrkefi x`gs"kq x`gtua fuf{kI; ns'kkUrja oztfUrA rrLrRizPNknua nks"keqRikn;frA ,oa uq bne~A rfLeu~ le;s vklhnLen~xg` s vekR;jk{klL; x`gtu bfrA iwoeZ ~ ^vu`re~*] bnkuhe~ ¶vklhr~¸ bfr ijLijfo#¼s opusA vk;Z! rfLeu~ le;s vklhnLen~xg` s vekR;jk{kL; x`gtu bfrA vFksnkuha DOk xr%\ u tkukfeA dFka u Kk;rs uke\ Hkks Jsf"Bu~! f'kjfl Hk;e~] vfrnwja rRizfrdkj%A

75

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~

pUnunkl% &

vk;Z! ¯d es Hk;a n'kZ;fl\ lUrefi xsgs vekR;jk{kL; x`gtua u leiZ;kfe] ¯d iqujLkUre~\

pk.kD;% & pUnunkl% & pk.kD;% &

pUnunkl! ,"k ,o rs fu'p;%\ ck<e~] ,"k ,o es fu'p;%A (Loxre~) lk/q! pUnunkl lk/qA lqyHks"oFkZykHks"kq ijlaons us tusA d bna nq"dja dq;kZfnnkuha f'kfouk foukAA

'kCnkFkkZ% ef.kdkj Jsf"Bue~ fu"ØE; mil`R; ifjØker%

& & & &

jRudkja of.kta cfgxZRok lehia xRok ifjHkze.ka dqoZr%

& & & &

ef.k dk O;kikjh fudydj ikl tkdj (nksuksa) ifjHkze.k djrs gSa

76

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

izph;Urs laO;ogkjk.kke~ vkRexre~ 'kVuh;% v[kf.Mrk of.kT;k izhrkH;% izfrfiz;e~

& & & & & & & &

o`¯¼ izkIuqofUr O;kikjk.kke~ Loxre~ lUnsgkLine~ fuckZ/k okf.kT;e~ izlUukH;% izR;qidkje~

& & & & & & & &

vifjDys'k% vkKki;rq vFkZlEcU/% ifjDys'k% iz"VO;k% voxE;rs vfo#¼o`fÙk% fi/k; jktkiF;dkfj.k%

& & & & & & & & &

nq%[kkHkko% vkfn'krq /uL; lEcU/% nq%[ke~ iz"Vqa;ksX;k% Kk;rs vfo#¼LoHkko% vkPNk| u`ikidkjdkfj.k%

& & & & & & & & &

vyhde~ vuk;sZ.k ikSjk.kke~ fuf{kI; oztfUr izPNknue~ vekR;% vlUre~ ck<e~ laosnus tus

& & & & & & & & & & &

vlR;e~ nq"Vsu uxjokfluke~ LFkkif;Rok xPNfUr vkPNknue~ eU=kh u fuolUre~ vke~ leiZ.ks Ñrs lfr yksosQ

& & & & & & & & & & &

c<+rs gSa O;kikjkas dk eu gh eu 'kadk djus ;ksX; ck/kjfgr O;kikj izlUu tuksa osQ izfr midkj osQ cnys fd;k x;k midkj nq[k dk vHkko vkns'k nsa /u dk lEcU/ nq%[k iwNus ;ksX; tkuk tkrk gS fojks/jfgr LoHkko okyk cUn dj jktkvksa dk vfgr djus okys rel="nofollow">wB nq"V osQ }kjk uxj osQ yksxkas osQ j[kdj tkrs gSa fNikuk eU=kh u jgus okys gk¡ leiZ.k ij lalkj esa

77

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~

vUo;%

vk'k;μ

vafre 'yksd dk vUo; ijL; laosnus vFkZykHks"kq lqyHks"kq bna nq"dja deZ tus (yksosQ) f'kfouk fouk d% oqQ;kZr~A ijL; ijdh;L; vFkZL; laosnus leiZ.ks Ñrs lfr vFkZykHks"kq lqyHks"kq lRlq LokFk± r`.khÑR; ijlaj{k.k:iesoa nq"dja deZ tus (yksosQ) ,osQu f'kfouk fouk RonU;% d% oq Q ;kZ r ~ A f'kfojfi Ñrs ;q x s Ñroku~ Roa rq bnkuha dykS ;q x s djks f "k bfr rrks¿I;fr'kf;r&lqpfjrRofefr Hkko%A vFkZμnwljksa dh oLrq dks lefiZr djus ij cgqr /u izkIr gksus dh fLFkfr esa Hkh nwljksa dh oLrq dh lqj{kk :ih dfBu dk;Z dks ,d f'kfo dks NksM+dj rqEgkjs vykok nwljk dkSu dj ldrk gS\ bl 'yksd osQ }kjk egkdfo fo'kk[knÙk us cM+s gh laf{kIr 'kCnksa esa pUnunkl osQ xq.kksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA blesa dfo us dgk gS fd nwljksa dh oLrq dh j{kk djuh dfBu gksrh gSA ;gk¡ pUnunkl osQ }kjk vekR; jk{kl osQ ifjokj dh j{kk dk dfBu dke fd;k x;k gSA U;klj{k.k dks egkdfo Hkkl us Hkh nq"dj dk;Z ekurs gq, LoIuoklonÙke~ esa dgk gSμ nq"dja U;klj{k.ke~A pUnunkl vxj vekR; jk{kl osQ ifjokja dks jktk dks lefiZr dj nsrk] rks jktk mlls izlUu Hkh gksrk vkSj cgqr&lk /u ikfjrksf"kd osQ :i esa nsrk] ij mlus HkkSfrd ykHk o yksHk dks njfdukj djrs gq, vius izk.kfiz; fe=k osQ ifjokja dh j{kk dks viuk dÙkZO; ekuk vkSj bls fuHkk;k HkhA dfo us pUnunkl osQ bl dk;Z dh rqyuk jktk f'kfo osQ dk;ks± ls dh gS ftUgksaus vius 'kj.kkxr diksr dh j{kk osQ fy, vius 'kjhj osQ vaxksa dks dkVdj ns fn;k FkkA jktk f'kfo us rks lR;;qx esa ,slk fd;k Fkk] ij pUnunkl us ,slk dk;Z bl dfy;qx esa fd;k gS] blfy, os vkSj vf/d iz'kalk osQ ik=k gaSA

vH;kl% 1-

v/ksfyf[kriz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) pUnunkl% dL; x`gtua Lox`gs j{kfr Le\ ([k) r`.kkuka osQu lg fojks/% vfLr\

78

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

(x) (?k) (Ä) (p)

d% pUnunkla æ"VqfePNfr\ ikBs¿fLeu~ pUnunklL; rqyuk osQu lg Ñrk\ izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% izfrfiz;a osQ bPNfUr\ dL; izlknsu pUnunklL; okf.kT;k v[kf.Mrk\

2-

LFkwyk{kjinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) f'kfouk fouk bna nq"dja dk;± d% oqQ;kZr~A ([k) izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqârA (x) vk;ZL; izlknsu esa okf.kT;k v[kf.MrkA (?k) izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% jktku% izfrfiz;fePNfUrA (Ä) r`.kkuke~ vfXuuk lg fojks/ks HkofrA

3-

funsZ'kkuqlkja lfU/a@lfU/foPNsna dq#rμ (d) ;Fkkμ d% $ vfi izk.ksH;% $ vfi ------------ $ vfLe vkReu% $ -----------([k) ;Fkkμ lr~ $ fpr~ 'kjr~ $ pUæ% dnkfpr~ $ p

4-

& & & & & & &

v/ksfyf[krokD;s"kq funsZ'kkuqlkja ifjorZua dq#rμ ;Fkkμ izfrfiz;fePNfUr jktku%A izfrfiz;fePNfr jktkA (d) l% izÑrs% 'kksHkka i';fr ([k) vga u tkukfeA (x) Roa dL; x`gtua Lox`gsj{kfl\ (?k) d% bna nq"dja dq;kZr~\ (Ä) pUnunkla æ"VqfePNkfeA (p) jktiq#"kk% ns'kkUrja oztfUrA

dks¿fi -----------lTtks¿fLeA vkReuks¿f/dkjln`'ke~ lfPpr~ ----------------------(,dopus) (cgqopus) (eè;eiq#"kSdopus) (mÙkeiq#"kSdopus) (izFkeiq#"kcgqopus) (izFkeiq#"kSdopus) (izFkeiq#"kSdopus)

79

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~

5-

dks"BosQ"kq nÙk;ks% in;ks% 'kq¼a fodYia fofpR; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) ----------------- fouk bna nq"dja d% oqQ;kZr~A (pUnunklL; @ pUnunklsu) ([k) ----------------- bna o`ÙkkUra fuosn;kfeA (xqjos @ xqjks%) (x) vk;ZL; ----------------- v[kf.Mrk es of.kT;kA (izlknkr~ @ izlknsu) (?k) vye~ ----------------- A (dygsu @ dygkr~) (Ä) ohj% ----------------- ckya j{kfrA (¯lgsu @ ¯lgkr~) (p) ----------------- Hkhr% ee Hkzkrk lksikukr~ virr~A (oqQDoqQjs.k @ oqQDoqQjkr~) (N) Nk=k% ----------------- iz'ua i`PNfrA (vkpk;Ze~ @ vkpk;sZ.k)

6-

v/ksnÙke×tw"kkr% leqfprinkfu x`ghRok foykseinkfu fy[kr& vknj% vlR;e~ xq.k% i'pkr~ rnkuhe~ r=k (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä) (p)

7-

vuknj% nks"k% iwoZe~ lR;e~ bnkuhe~ v=k

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mnkgj.keuql`R; v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu iz;qT; i×pokD;kfu jp;r& ;Fkk fu"ØE;& f'kf{kdk iqLrdky;kr~ fu"ØE; d{kka izfo'kfrA (d) mil`R; -----------------------([k) izfo'; -----------------------(x) æ"Vqe~ -----------------------(?k) bnkuhe~ -----------------------(Ä) v=k ------------------------

80

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% dfoifjp;% ^eqækjk{kle~* bfr ukEu% ukVdL; iz.ksrk fo'kk[knÙk vklhr~A l% jktoa'ks mRiUu% vklhr~A rL; firk HkkLdjnÙk% egkjktL; inoha izkIuksr~A fo'kk[knÙk% jktuhrs% U;k;L; T;ksfr"kfo"k;L; p fo}ku~ vklhr~A oSfnd/ekZoyEch HkwRok¿fi l% ckS¼/eZL; vfi vknjedjksr~A xzUFkifjp;% ^eqækjk{kle~* ,de~ ,sfrgkflda ukVde~ vfLrA n'kkVs"kq fojfprs vfLeÂkVosQ pk.kD;L; jktuhfrddkS'kyL; cqf¼oSHkoL; jk"Vªl×pkyukFkZe~ dwVuhrhuke~ fun'kZuefLrA vfLeÂkVosQ pk.kD;L;kekR;jk{klL; p dwVuhR;ks% la?k"kZ%A HkkofoLrkj% pk.kD;& pk.kD;% ,d% fo}ku~ czkã.k% vklhr~A rL; fir`iznÙka uke fo".kqxqIr% vklhr~A v;eso ^dkSfVY;* bfr ukEuk izfl¼%A osQ"kkf×pr~ fonq"kke~ bnefi erefLr ;r~ jktuhfr'kkL=ks oqQfVyuhrs% izfr"Bkkiuk; rL;k% Lo&thous mi;ksxk; p v;a ^dkSfVY;%* bR;fi dF;rsA p.kdukedL; dL;fpr~ vkpk;ZL; iq=kRokr~ ^pk.kD;%* bfr ukEuk l izfl¼% tkr%A uUnkuka jkT;dky% 'kro"kkZf.k i;ZUre~ vklhr~A rs"kq vfUres"kq }kn'ko"ks"Z kq ,rsu lqekY;knhuke~ v"VuUnkuka lagkj% dkfjr% rFkk p pUæxqIrekS;%Z u`iRosu jkt¯lgklus LFkkfir%A v;esd% egku~ jktuhfrK% vklhr~A ,rsu Hkkjrh;'kkluO;oLFkk;k% izkekf.kdrÙokuka o.kZusu ;qDra ¶vFkZ'kkL=ke~¸ bfr vfregÙoiw.kZ% xzUFk% jfpr%A pUæxqIrekS;Z%& pUæxqIr% egkin~euUnL; eqjk;k% p iq=k% vklhr~A pk.kD;L; ekxZn'kZus vusu prqfo±'kfro"kZi;ZUra jkT;a Ñre~A jk{kl%& uUnjkK% LokfeHkDr% prqj% iz/kukekR;% vklhr~A pUnunkl%& dqlqeiqj ukfEu uxjs egkekR;L; jk{klL; fiz;rea ik=ka fe=k×p vklhr~A l ef.kdkj% Js"Bh p vklhr~A vL;So x`gkr~ jk{kl% lifjokj uxjkr~ cfgjxPNr~A Hkkf"kd foLrkj% 1- i`Fko~Q vkSj fouk 'kCnksa osQ ;ksx esa f}rh;k r`rh;k vkSj iapeh rhuksa foHkfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx& ;Fkk&tya fouk thoua u lEHkofrA f}rh;k

81

izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~

2-

3-

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82

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83

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& & & & & & & & & & & &

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84

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& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

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& & & & & & & & & &

oukfu iw.k± ÑRok r`f"kr% è;kusu es?kk% vkdk'ks tysu Dysn;fUr i`Fohe~ xtZua (èofue~) oqQoZfUr vxzs

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2-

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3-

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86

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&

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miLFkkrqe~

&

miLFkkif;rqe~

&

mifLFkr gksus osQ fy,

vkjf{k.ke~

&

lSfude~ (j{kd iq#"k)

&

lSfud

vkfn"Voku~

&

vkKka nÙkoku~

&

vkKk nh

LFkkfiroUrkS

&

LFkkiuka ÑroUrkS

&

LFkkiuk djosQ

r=kR;%

&

r=k Hko%

&

ogk¡ dk

U;osn;r~

&

izkFkZ;r~

&

izkFkZuk dh

Øks'k};kUrjkys

&

};ks% Øks'k;ks% eè;s

&

nks dksl osQ eè;

vkfn';rke~

&

vkns'ka nh;rke~

&

vkKk nhft,

misR;

&

lehia xRok

&

ikl tkdj

dk"BiVys

&

dk"BL; iVys

&

ydM+h osQ r[rs ij

fufgre~

&

LFkkfire~

&

j[kk x;k

iVkPNkfnre~

&

oL=ks.kko`re~

&

diM+s ls
ogUrkS

&

/kj;UrkS

&

/kj.k djrs gq,] ogu djrs gq,

Ñ'kdk;%

&

nqcZya 'kjhje~

&

detksj 'kjhjokyk

Hkkjor%

&

Hkkjokfgu%

&

Hkkjokgh

Hkkjosnu;k

&

HkkjihM;k

&

Hkkj dh ihM+k ls

ØUnue~

&

jksnue~

&

jksus dks

94

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

fu'kE;

&

JqRok

&

lqu djosQ

eqfnr%

&

izlÂ%

&

izlÂ

HkqÄ~{o

&

vuqHkorq

&

vuqHko djks

pRojs

&

prqekZx@Zs prqLFks

&

pkSjkgs ij

yIL;ls

&

izkIL;ls

&

izkIr djksxs

izkokjde~

&

mÙkjh;oL=ke~

&

ycknk

vilk;Z

&

viok;Z

&

nwj djosQ

vfHkok|

&

vfHkoknua ÑRok

&

vfHkoknu djosQ

vèofu

&

ekxsZ

&

jkLrs esa

;nqDre~

&

;r~ dfFkre~

&

tks dgk x;k

okfjr%

&

fuokfjr%

&

jksdk x;k

eqDroku~

&

vR;tr~

&

NksM+ fn;k

lekyEC;

&

vkJ;a x`ghRok

&

lgkjk ysdj

yhy;So

&

dkSrqosQu (lqxer;k)

&

[ksy&[ksy esa

vkfn';

&

vkns'ka nRok

&

vkns'k nsdj

vH;kl% 1-

vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[kr& (d) fu/Zu% tu% dFka foÙke~ mikftZroku~\ ([k) tu% fdeFk± inkfr% xPNfr\ (x) izl`rs fu'kkUèkdkjs l fde~ vfpUr;r~\ (?k) oLrqr% pkSj% d% vklhr~\ (Ä) tuL; ØUnua fu'kE; vkj{kh fdeqDroku~\ (p) efroSHko'kkfyu% nq"djkf.k dk;kZf.k dFka lkèk;fUr\

95

fofp=k% lk{kh

2-

js[kkfÄïrinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#r& (d) iq=ka nzq"Vqa l% izfLFkr%A ([k) d#.kkijks x`gh rLeS vkJ;a izk;PNr~A (x) pkSjL; iknèofuuk vfrfFk% izcq¼%A (?k) U;k;k/h'k% cafdepUnz% vklhr~A (Ä) l Hkkjosnu;k ØUnfr LeA (p) mHkkS 'koa pRojs LFkkfiroUrkSA

3-

l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna p oqQ#r& (d) inkfrjso & ---------------------- $ ---------------------([k) fu'kkU/dkjs & ---------------------- $ ---------------------(x) vfHk $ vkxre~ & -----------------------------------------------(?k) Hkkstu $ vUrs & -----------------------------------------------(Ä) pkSjks¿;e~ & ---------------------- $ ---------------------(p) x`g $ vH;Urjs & -----------------------------------------------(N) yhy;So & ---------------------- $ ---------------------(t) ;nqDre~ & ---------------------- $ ---------------------(>) izcq¼% $ vfrfFk% & ------------------------------------------------

4-

v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu fHkUu&fHkÂizR;;kUrkfu lfUrA rkfu i`Fko~Q ÑRok fufnZ"Vkuka izR;;kuke/% fy[kr& ifjJE;] mikftZroku~] nkif;rqe]~ izfLFkr%] nz"Vqe]~ fogk;] i`"Voku~] izfo"V%] vknk;] Øksf'krqe]~ fu;qDr%] uhroku~] fu.ksZrqe~] vkfn"Voku~] lekxR;] fu'kE;] izksP;] vilk;ZA Y;i~ -----------------

Dr -----------------

Drorq -----------------

rqequ~ -----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

96

5-

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

fHkÂizÑfroaQ ina fpuqr& (d) fofp=kk] 'kqHkkogk] 'kÄï;k] e×tw"kk ([k) d'pu] fdf×pr~] Rofjra] ;nqDre~ (x) iq=k%] ru;%] O;koqQy] ruwt% (?k) d#.kkij%] vfrfFkijk;.k%] izcq¼%] tu%

6- (d) ^fud"kk* ^izfr* bR;u;ks% 'kCn;ks% ;ksxs f}rh;k&foHkfDr% HkofrA mnkgj.keuqlR` ; f}rh;k&foHkDrs% iz;ksxa ÑRok fjDrLFkkuiwfr± oqQ#r& ;Fkk& jktekx± fud"kk e`r'kjhja orZrsA (d) ----------------- fud"kk unh ogfr (xzke)A ([k) ----------------- fud"kk vkS"k/ky;aa orZrsA (uxj) (x) rkS ----------------- izfr izfLFkrkSA (U;k;kf/dkfju~) (?k) eksgu% ----------------- izfr xPNfrA (x`g) ([k)

dks"BosQ"kq nÙks"kq ins"kq ;FkkfufnZ"Vka foHkfDra iz;qT; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& (d) l% ----------------- fu"ØE; cfgjxPNr~A (x`g 'kCns iapeh) ([k) pkSj'akd;k vfrfFk% ----------------- vUo/kor~A (pkSj'kCns f}rh;k) (x) x`gLFk% ----------------- vkJ;a izk;PNr~A (vfrfFk 'kCns prqFkhZ) (?k) rkS ----------------- izfr izfLFkrkSA (U;k;k/h'k 'kCns f}rh;k)

7-

vèkksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu cgqopus ifjorZ;r& (d) l cl;kua fogk; inkfrjso xUrqa fu'p;a Ñroku~A ([k) pkSj% xzkes fu;qDr% jktiq#"k% vklhr~A (x) d'pu pkSj% x`gkH;Urja izfo"V%A (?k) vU;s|q% rkS U;k;ky;s Lo&Lo&i{ka LFkkfiroUrkSA

97

fofp=k% lk{kh

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% (d) fofp=k% lk{kh U;k;ks Hkofr izek.kk/hu%A izek.ka fouk U;k;a drq± u dks¿fi {ke% loZ=kA U;k;ky;s¿fi U;k;k/h'kk% ;fLeu~ dfLeÂfi fo"k;s izek.kkHkkos u leFkkZ% HkofUrA vr,o] vfLeu~ ikBs pkS;kZfHk;ksxs U;k;k/h'k% izFker% lk{;a (izek.ke~) fouk fu.ksrZ aq uk'kDuksrA~ vijs|%q ;nk l 'ko% U;k;k/h'ka lo± fuosfnroku~ lizek.ka rnk l% vkjf{k.ks dkjkn.Mekfn'; ra tua llEekua eqDroku~A vL; ikBL; v;eso lUns'k%A ([k) efroSHko'kkfyu% cqf¼lEifÙk lEiÂk%A ;s fo}kal% cqf¼Lo:ifoHko;qDrk% rs efroSHko'kkfyu% HkofUrA rs ,o cqf¼pkrq;cZ ysu vlEHkodk;kZf.k vfi ljyr;k oqQoZfUrA (x) l 'ko% U;k;k/h'k cafdepUnzegksn;S% v=k izek.kL; vHkkos fdefi izPNÂ% tu% lk{;a izkIrqa fu;qDr% tkr%A ;n~ ?kfVreklhr~ l% lo± lR;a KkRok lk{;a izLrqroku~A ikBs¿fLeu~ 'ko% ,o ^fofp=k% lk{kh* L;kr~A

Hkkf"kdfoLrkj% mikftZroku~ nkif;rqe~

foHkfDr% izFkek f}rh;k

& &

mi $ √ vt~Z $ Y;qV~] ;qp~ ok √nk $ f.kp~ $ rqequ~ vnl~ (;g) iq¡fYyX loZuke 'kCn ,dopue~ f}opue~ vlkS vew veqe~ vew

cgqopue~ veh vewu~

98

r`rh;k prqFkhZ iapeh "k"Bh lIreh foHkfDr% izFkek f}rh;k r`rh;k prqFkhZ iapeh "k"Bh lIreh lEcks/u

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

vequk vewH;ke~ veq"eS vewH;ke~ veq"ekr~ vewH;ke~ veq"; veq;ks% veqf"eu~ veq;ks% vèou~ (ekxZ) udkjkUr iq¡fYyÄõ ,dopue~ f}opue~ vèok vèokukS vèokue~ vèokukS vèouk vèoH;ke~ vèous vèoH;ke~ vèou% vèoH;ke~ vèou% vèouks% vèofu vèouks% gs vèou~! gs vèokukS!

vehfHk% vehH;% vehH;% veh"kke~ veh"kq cgqopue~ vèoku% vèou% vèofHk% vèoH;% vèoH;% vèouke~ vèolq gs vèou%!

}kn'k% ikB%

thoua foHkoa fouk izLrqr ikB tuthou ls lEc¼ dqN jkspd ,oa ekfeZd i|ksa dk ladyu gSA buesa tulkekU; fo'ks"kr% nfjnz yksxksa dh ihM+k ls nzohHkwr dfo;ksa osQ mn~xkj gSAa bu 'yksdksa esa nfjnzrk dk vR;Ur eeZLi'khZ fp=k.k fd;k x;k gSA lDrwu~ 'kkspfr lEIyqrku~ izfrdjksR;kozQUnrks ckydku~ izR;qfRl×pfr diZj.s k lfyya 'kÕ;kr`.ka j{kfrA nRok ew/fZ u 'kh.kZ'kwi'Z kdya th.ksZ x`gs O;koqQyk ¯d rn~ ;Â djksfr nq%[kx`fg.kh nsos Hk`'ka o"kZfr AA1AA

v|k'kua f'k'kqtuL; cysu tkra 'oks ok dFka uq Hkforsfr fofpUr;UrhA bR;Jqikrefyuho`Qrx.Mns'kk uSPNn~ nfjnzxf` g.kh jtuhfojkee~ AA2AA

100

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

izk;ks nfjnzf'k'ko% ijefUnjk.kka }kjs"kq nÙkdjiYyoyhunsgk%A yTTkkfuxw
dUFkk[k.Mfena iz;PN ;fn ok LokÄsï x`gk.kkHkZoQa ] fjDra Hkwrye=k ukFk Hkor% i`"Bs iykyksPp;%A nEiR;ksfuZf'ktYirksfjfrop% JqRoSo pkSjLrnk yC/a diZVeU;rLrnqifj f{kIRok #nfUuxZr% AA4AA glfr glfr LokfeU;qPpS #nR;fi jksfnfr o`Qrifjdj% Losnksnx~ kja iz/kofr /kofrA xq.kleqfnra nks"kksis rs a izfuUnfr fuUnfr /uyoifjØhrks Hk`R;% izuR` ;fr u`R;fr AA5AA jk=kkS tkuqfnZok Hkkuq% o`Q'kkuq% lUè;;ks}; Z ks% bRFka 'khra e;k uhra tkuqHkkuqoQ` 'kkuqfHk% AA 6AA

101

thoua foHkoa fouk

'kCnkFkkZ% lDrwu~ 'kkspfr lEIyqrku~ vkozQUnrks izfrdjksfr diZjs.k izR;qfRl×pfr lfyye~ 'kÕ;kr`.ke~ ew/Zfu 'kh.kZ'kwiZ'kdye~ th.ksZ Hk`'ka v'kue~ efyuho`Qrx.Mns'kk

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

HkwftZrL; p.kdL; pw.kZe~ fpUr;fr vknzkZu~ ozQUnua oqQoZr~ 'kkE;fr HkXu ikËs.k 'kks"k;fr tye~ r`.kS% fufeZrka 'kÕ;ke~ f'kjfl th.kZ'kwiZ[k.Me~ izkphus vR;Ure~ Hkkstue~ efyudiksyizns'kk%

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

jtuhfojkee~ ijefUnjk.kke~ nÙkdjiYyuyhunsgk% yTtkfuxw
& & & &

jk=;k% vUrs ijHkoukuke~ fufgrdjfdly;xksfirdk;k% yTtkfoo`r'kCnk%

& & & &

vèkZu;usu HkksDrkje~ foyksd;fUr

& & &

v/Zfuehfyrus=ks.k Hkkstua oqQokZ.ka i';fUr

& & &

lÙkw dks fpark djrh gS Hkhxs gq, dks jksrs gq, dks pqi djkrh gS VwVs crZu ds VqdM+s ls lq[kkrh gS@myhp jgh gS ty dks iqvky dk cuk fcLrj flj ij VwVs&iwQVs lwi ds VqdM+s dks iqjkus vR;f/oQ Hkkstu ftlds xky efyu gks x, gSaA jkf=k dh lekfIr nwljksa ds ?kjksa dk gFksyh ls eq[k fNik, gq, yTtko'k ftlds opu ugha fudy jgs v/eq¡nh vk¡[kksa ls Hkkstu djus okyksa dks ns[krs gSa

102

dUFkk iz;PN LokMïs vHkZde~ Hkwrye~ iykyksPp;% nEiR;ks% fuf'k tYirks% diZVe~ fuxZr% ifjdj% Losnksn~xkje~ nks"kksisre~ /uyoifjØhr% Hk`R;% tkuq% Hkkuq% o`Q'kkuq%

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

th.kZoLËs.k fufeZra vkLrj.ke~ nsfg LoozQksMs ckye~ Hkwferye~ iykylaxzg% ifr&iRU;ks% jk=kkS xYirks% th.kZoL=ke~ cfgxZr% dfVHkkxe~ LosnL; JefoUnks% mn~xkje~ nks"klfgre~@fuxZeue~ vYi/usuozQhr% ifjpkjd% 'kjhjko;ofo'ks"k% jfo% ikod%

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &

dFkjh nks viuh xksn esa cPps dks /jrh iqvky dk <sj ifr&iRuh dh jkr esa ckr djrs gq, (nks dks) pknj] th.kZ'kh.kZ diM+k fudy x;k dej ilhus dk fudyuk nks"keqDr FkksM+s /u ls [kjhnk gqvk ukSdj ?kqVuk lw;Z vfXu

vUo;k% 1- nsos Hk`'ka o"kZfr (lfr) th.ksZ x`gs O;koqQyk nq%[kx`fg.kh 'kh.kZ'kwiZ'kdya ew/Zfu nRok rr~ ¯d ;r~ u djksfrμ lEIyqrku~ lDrwu~ 'kkspfr vkozQUnRk% ckydku~ izfrdjksfr diZjs.k lfyya izR;qfRl×pfr 'kÕ;kr`.ka (p) j{kfrA 2- v| cysu f'k'kqtuL; v'kua tkre~ 'o% dFka ok uq Hkfork bfr fofpUr;Urh vJqikrefyuho`Qrx.Mns'kk nfjnzx`fg.kh jtuhfojkea u ,sPNr~A

thoua foHkoa fouk

103

3- cr~ izk;% ijefUnjk.kka }kjs"kq nÙkdjiYyoyhunsgk% yTtkfuxws ;g dUFkk[kaM (dFkjh dk VqdM+k) ns nks ;k viuh xksn esa (esjs) cPps dks ys yks (D;kssafd) ;gk¡ /jrh [kkyh gS (tehu ij fcLrj ugha gS) rqEgkjh ihB osQ uhps iqvky dk <sj gSμbl izdkj jkf=k esa ifr&iRuh dh ckrphr lqudj nwljs (?kj) ls izkIr pknj dks mlds mQij isaQddj jksrk gqvk pksj fudy x;kA

104

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

5- vR;Yi /u ls [kjhns gq, ukSdj ekfyd ds g¡lus ij g¡lrs gSa] jksus ij tksj ls jksrs gSa] Lokeh osQ nkSM+us ij tksj ls dej ij gkFk j[k dj ilhuk fudkyrs gq, nkSM+rs gSa] xq.koku~ gks ;k nks"kjfgr (Lokeh osQ) fuUnk djus ij vf/d fuUnk djrs gSa] (muosQ) ukpus ij tksj ls ukprs gSaA 6- esjs }kjk jkr ?kqVuksa osQ lgkjs] fnu lw;Z (dh xehZ) osQ lgkjs nksuksa lUè;k;sa vfXu osQ lgkjs fcrkbZ xbZA bl izdkj ?kqVus] lw;Z vkSj vfXu osQ lgkjs tkM+s ds fnu fcrk,A

vH;kl% 1-

v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLo`QrHkk"k;k fy[krμ (d) nfjnzx`fg.kh jtuhfojkea fdeFk± usPNfr\ ([k) ijefUnjk.kka }kjs"kq osQ foyksd;fUr\ (x) pkSj% ¯d JqRok #nfUuxZr%\ (?k) Lokfefu glfr d% glfr\ (Ä) nsos Hk`'ka o"kZfr lfr nq[k%x`fg.kh ¯d djksfr\

2-

js[kkfÄrï inek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ (d) Hk`R;% Lokfefu jksfnfr jksfnfrA ([k) f'k'kqtuL; v| v'kua tkre~A (x) f'k'ko% v/Zu;usu foyksd;fUrA (?k) ekrk vkozQUnr% ckydku~ izfrdjksfrA (Ä) pkSj% diZVe~ f{kIRok fuxZr%A

3-

laf/a@foPNsna ok oqQ#rμ (d) ;Â -------------------- $ -------------------- A ([k) usPNr~ -------------------- $ -------------------- A

105

thoua foHkoa fouk

(x) -------------------- & Lo $ vÄAïs (?k) -------------------- & JqRok $ ,oA (Ä) nks"kksisre~ & -------------------- $ -------------------- A 4-

vusds"kka 'kCnkuka o`Qrs leqfpre~ ,dina (lEkLrina) fy[krμ (d) /uyosu ifjdhr% μ -------------------([k) yTt;k fuxw<+k% opkafl ;s"kke~ rs"kke~ μ -------------------(x) vJqikrsu efyuho`Qr% x.Mns'k% ;L;k% lk μ -------------------(?k) o`Qr% ifjdj%;su l% μ --------------------

5-

ikBek/`R; v/ksfyf[krkUo;s fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& /uyoifjozQhr% Hk`R;% Lokfefu -------------- glfr (Lokfefu) jksfnfr -------------- èkkofr -------------- Losnksn~xkja iz/kofr xq.kleqfnra nks"kksisra ok fuUnfr -------------- u`R;fr --------------A

6- v/ksfyf[krku~ inku~ iz;qT; laLo`Qrsu okD;jpuka oqQ#rμ -------------------(d) f'k'ko% -------------------([k) Hkkuq% -------------------(x) lfyye~ -------------------(?k) jtuh -------------------(Ä) x`fg.kh 7- ewy/krqa iq#"ka opua p fy[krμ /krq ------(d) 'kkspfr ------([k) o"kZfr ------(x) jksfnfr ------(?k) /kofr ------(Ä) u`R;fr

iq#"k -------------------------------

opu -------------------------------

106

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ 1- nkfjnz;a ihMknk;oaQ Hkofr bfr eRok nkfjnz~;fuokj.kk; iz;Ru% dÙkZO;% nkfjnz;e~ fuUnuh;e~ ok\μLofopkjku~ LoHkk"k;k fy[krA 2- Roa dL;kfi fu/ZuNk=kL; lgk;rka dFka dfj";fl&LoHkk"k;k fy[krA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj% laLo`Qr lkfgR; dh fodkl ;k=kk esa osn ls ysdj v|kof/ ,d lfozQ; dkO;ijaijk py jgh gS] ftls ge yksd/ehZ dkO; dgrs gSaA ;g dkO; ijaijk jktlHkk dh ladjh nqfu;k ds ckgj Hkkjrh; turk osQ fojkV lalkj ls mith FkhA dqN vuke vkSj vutkus dfo njckj dh foykflrk vkSj pkdfpD; dkfeuh dk lkSan;Zfoykl ;k HkfDr dh 'kkUr lfjrk esa voxkgu ls vyx gVdj lkekU; tu&thou esa vkus okyh leL;k,¡] muls tw>rs yksxksa dh nqjoLFkkvksa dk ;FkkFkZ o.kZu djrs jgs gSa vkSj muds ekè;e ls rRdkyhu lkekftd vkSj lkaLo`Qfrd fLFkfr;ksa dk ;FkkrF; fp=k.k djrs jgs gSaA bl rjg ds dqN 'yksd ifBrO; gSaμ 1-

dnkfpr~ d"Vsu nzfo.ke/ekjk/uo'kk & Ue;k yC/a Lrks oaQ fufgreoukS rLdjo'kkr~ rrks fuR;s df'pn~n/nfi rnk[kqfcZyx`gs u;YyC/ks¿I;FkksZ u Hkofr ;nk deZfo"kee~ AA

2-

,rs nfjnzf'k'koLruqth.kZdUFkka LdU/s fuèkk; efyuka iqydkoqQyk lw;ZLiqQjr~djdnfEcrfHkfÙkns'k ykHkk; 'khrle;s dfyekpjfUr A

3-

yXu% 'k`Äõ;qxs x`gh iqPNkxzs x`fg.kh [kqjs"kq ,d% 'kh.kZtjn~xoks loSZjso oqQVqEcosQu

lru;ks o`ènkS xq:ik'oZ;ks% A f'k'koks yXu% o/w% dEcys A fof/o'kkr~ loZLoHkwrks x`gs #nrk lqIr% leqRFkkI;rs AA

107

thoua foHkoa fouk

4-

lq[ka fg nq%[kkÂuqHkw;'kksHkrs ?kukU/dkjsf"oo nhin'kZue~ lq[kkRrq ;ks ;kfr ujks nfjnzrka /`r% 'kjhjs.k e`r% l thofrAA

è;krO; μ egkdfo 'kwnzd o`Qr izfl¼ lkekftd izdj.k ^e`PNdfVde~* Nk=kksa dks vo'; i<+uk pkfg, ftlesa nkfjnz~; osQ lgt fp=k.k osQ vfrfjDr lekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa@folaxfr;ksa dk ;FkkFkZ fp=k.k gSA rRle&rn~Hko 'kCn rRle dUFkk vJq x.M yTtk iyky pkSj%

rn~Hko dFkjh vk¡lw xky ykt iqvky pksj

108

'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%

eÄõye~ ˙ rPp{kqnsZofgra iqjLrkPNqØeqPpjr~ A i';s e 'kjn% 'kra thos e 'kjn% 'kre~ A Ük`.kq;ke 'kjn% 'kra izczoke 'kjn% 'kre~ A vnhuk% L;ke 'kjn% 'kre~A Hkw;'p 'kjn% 'krkr~ AA1AA (;tqosZn 36-24) vk uks Hknzk% Øroks ;Urq fo'orks& ¿nC/klks vijhrkl mn~fHkn% A nsok uks ;Fkk lnfen~ o`/s¿lu~& vizk;qoks jf{krkjks fnosfnos AA2AA (½Xosn 1-89-1)

HkkokFkZ% nsoksa }kjk fu:fir ;g 'kqDy o.kZ dk us=k :i (lw;Z) iwoZ fn'kk esa mQij mB pqdk gSA ge lc lkS o"kks± rd ns[krs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd thrs jgsaA lkS o"kks± rd lqurs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd 'kq¼ :i ls cksyrs jgsaA lkS o"kks± rd LokoyEch (vnhu) cus jgsaA vkSj ;g lc lkS o"kks± ls Hkh vf/d pyrk jgs AA1AA gekjs ikl pkjksa vksj ls ,sls dY;k.kdkjh fopkj vkrs jgas tks fdlh ls u ncsa] mUgsa dgha ls ckf/r u fd;k tk losQ (vijhrkl%) ,oe~ vKkr fo"k;ksa dks izdV djus okys (mn~fHkn%) gksaA izxfr dks u jksdus okys (vizk;qo%) rFkk lnSo j{kk esa rRij nsox.k izfrfnu gekjh o`f¼ osQ fy, rRij jgsa AA2AA