Nano Tech

Nanotechnology: A Brief Technology

Nanotechnology is defined as the study and use of structures between 1 nanometer and 100 nanometres in size. To give you an idea of how small that is, it would take the width of a human hair. Strength of Materials. Nano-sized particles of carbon, (for example nanotubes and bucky balls) are extremely strong. Nanotubes and bucky balls are composed of only carbon and their strength comes from special characteristics of the bonds between carbon atoms. One proposed application that illustrates the strength of nanosized particles of carbon is the manufacture of t-shirt weight bullet proof vests made out of carbon nanotubes. Nano-Elecromechanical System :-The ability to create gears, mirrors, sensor elements, as well as electronic circuitry in silicon surfaces allows the manufacture of miniature sensors such as those used to activate the airbags in your car. This technique is called MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems). The MEMS technique results in close integration of the mechanical mechanism with the necessary electronic circuit on a single silicon chip, similar to the method used to produce computer chips. Using MEMS to produce a device reduces both the cost and size of the product, compared to similar devices made with conventional methods. MEMS is a stepping stone to NEMS or Nano-ElectroMechanical Systems. NEMS products are being made by a few companies, and will take over as the standard once manufacturers make the investment in the equipment needed to produce nanosized features Nanoelectronics: Nanotechnology in Electronics How can nanoelectronics improve the capabilities of electronic components? Nanoelectronics holds increase the capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their weight and power consumption. Improving display screens on electronics devices. This involves reducing power consumption while decreasing the weight and thickness of the screens. Increasing the density of memory chips. Researchers are developing a type of memory chip with a projected density of one terabyte of memory per square inch or greater. Reducing the size of transistors used in integrated circuits. One researcher believes it may be possible to "put the power of all of today's present computers in the palm of your hand". Electrodes made from nanowires that would enable flat panel displays to be flexible as well as thinner than current flat panel displays.

Using MEMS techniques to control an array of probes whose tips have a radius of a few nanometers. These probes are used to write and read data onto a polymer film, with the aim of producing memory chips with a density of one terabyte per square inch or greater.  

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Using carbon nanotubes to direct electrons to illuminate pixels, resulting in a lightweight, millimetre thick "nanoemmissive" display panel. Making integrated circuits with features that can be measured in nanometers (nm), such as the process that allows the production of integrated circuits with 45 nm wide transistor gates. Using nanosized magnetic rings to make Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) which research has indicated may allow memory density of 400 GB per square inch. Developing molecular-sized transistors which may allow us to shrink the width of transistor gates to approximately one nm which will significantly increase transistor density in integrated circuits.