Mycotoxin, Aflatoxin.docx

Pkmnf6f]s;Lg s[ifssf] cfly{s k|utLdf cj/f]ws 8f s]bf/ sfsL{ jl/i7 kz' rLlsT;sM e]6 sG;]n6]G6, lj/f6 k]6 e]6 Pkmnf6f]s;Lg Ps dxtjk"0f{ ljiffst rof kro 6s;Lg' d]6fjf]nfO{ 6 dflgG56 h'g 3f; k/fn tyf /jfbo kbfy{df s]lx vf; 7'zLx? 4f/f lgld{t x'G5 . of] ljZjdf ;a} eGbf k|rlnt Pj+ cg';+wfg ul/Psf] df/]sf] 6f]s;Lg xf] . Pkmnf6f]s;LgnfO{ kz'k+lIfx?df xfgLsf/s k|efj kfg{] ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ ljiffst kbfy{df ;fd]n ul/psf] 5 . O=;= !(^) sf] bzsdf c1ft /f]usf sf/0ffaf6 O+un}08df 6sL{x?sf] cTolws dfqfdf cfsf:dLs d[To' x'Fbf cg';Gwfg ubf{ Pkmnf6]s;Lg sf] sf/of dfgLPsf] clen]v e]l6G5 . dfOsf]6f]s;Lg pTkfbgsf nflu tLg k|d'v b'zL k|hftLx? d'VotM P:k/hLn;M kmo'h]l/d; k]gLl;lnod lhDd]jf/ dflgG5 . h;df Pl;k/hLn; Pkmnf6f]s;Lg pTkfbg ug{] d'Vo b'zL xf] . Pkmnf6f]s;LgnfO{ kz'x? tyf dflg;sf] ljleGg /f]ux? Pkmnf6f]s;Lsf]zL; ;Fu hf]8]/ x]l/G5 . Pkmnf] 6f]s;L sf];L; pRr lr:ofg tyf tfkqmd ePsf] pi0f sl6aGwLo k|b]z sf d'Vo ;d:of dflgG5 . Pkmnf 6f]s;L sf] ;L; df 9'zLhGo ljiffstLnfO{ xfd|f kz'wg df klg Ps d'Vo ;d:of dflgG5 h;n] g s]jn kz'sf] :jf:Yo a? s[ifsx?sf] cfly{s iftLsf] nflu lhDd]jf/ dflgG5 . cg'rLt ;+u|lxt ljiffQm 3f; k/fn cGg Pkmnf6f]s;Lg ;+qmd0fsf] d'Vo >f]t xf] . ;+qmdLt kz'x?af6 Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf] cjz]if b'w km"n df;'df k'Ub5 . 1ft /xf];' kz' Ps kz'hGo pTkfbgx? vfbd >[+vnfsf] ceLGg c+u x'g oLgsf] dfWOdaf6 oL cjz]ifx? dflg;df cfpg ;Defjgf j9]/ hfG5 . Pkmnf 6f]s;LgnfO{ 1

pTkfbg ug{] 9'zL e08f/ ul/psf cGg tyf vfbo kbf{yx? h:t} lkgf ;fOn]h ds} u+x' hf} h} df k|fo b]lvg] ub{5 . Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf] dfq olb 3f; k/fndf !)) dfOqmf]u|fd k|lt lsnf]u|fd eGbf al9 eof] eg] o;nfO{ ljiffstf eGg ;lsG5 .

ljsf; k|efjLt ug{] k|d'v sf/sM P;k/hLn; kmn]j; 9'zLsxf] j[l4sf] nflu lgDg lbg'd'Vo ?kn] ;xfos x'G5 M cs;Lhgsf] pknAwtfM k|of{Kt lr:ofg !%Ü cfk]lys cf4{tf ()–(%Ü cg'sn tfkqmd @$–@%l8u|L ;f]N;Le; . ;+/lIft cGgx?df 9';L k|b'if0f x'g] ;Defjgf dg;'gdf al9 x'G5 . lsgeg] o; a]nf 9'zLsf] a[b\wLsf nflu tfkdfg tyf cfb|tf plrt dfqfdf pknAw x'G5 . Pkmnf6f]q;Lgsf] b'ik|efj Pkmnf6f]s;Lgn] ljelGg kz'x?df ljk/Lt k|efj k|s6 ub{5 . d'VotM sn]hf]sf] /f]u b'w km"n pTkfbgdf sdL k|hgg Pj+ hGdhft ljsf/x? pTkGg x'g] ;fdLn 5g\ . Pkmnf6f]s;Lg af6 ;+qmdLt kz'Ps k+lIfx?df pTkfbg Ifdtf sd x'g] ub{5g\ oLlg x? cGo /f]u JofwLx?sf] nflu ;+j]bgzLn Pj+ u|x0fzLn x'g] ub{5g\ . h:sf] sf//f o:n] s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbgx?af6 x'Fbf] cfo dfly k|ToIf k|efj kfb{5 . cfdtf}/df o'jf kz'x?df Pkmnf6f] s;Lsf] ;L; x'g] ;Defjgf a[l9 x'G5 . Pkmnf6f]s;Lg n] g} s]jn pTkfbgdf lu/fj6 ub{5 ;fy} o;n] b'wdf kl/jt{g u/]/ l8 ! l8 @ pTkfbg klg ub{5 . 2

h;nfO{ sofg;/ pTkGg ug{] kbfy{ dflgPsf] 5 . Pkmnf6f]s;Lg kz'x?sf] ljleGg c+ux?df ;+rlt eP/ j:b5 . tyf of] b'w km"n df;' 4f/f / jfbd >[+vnfdf zfdLn eP/ dfgL;sf] z/L/df k|j]z ug{'sf ;fy ;fy} ;gLsf/s k|efj h:t] sn]hf]sf] /f]u d[uf}nfsf] /f]u, s];/ /f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf sd x'g] k|hgg c+ux?df b'zk|efj aRrfx?df hGd hft ljs[tL OTofbL k|s6 ug{ ;S5 . Pkmnf6f] s;Lg sf] hfFrM Pkmnf6f]s;Lg rf}bx ljleGg k|s[oftfk k|lt /f]wL x'g] ub{5 . kfgdf cw'ngzLn x'g] ub[5 . t/ /f]hgdf lj;lh{t x'g] ub{5 . kz'x?df Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf] ;+j]bg klzntfsf] k|foM of] qd b]lvG5 . :jfbo kbfy{x?df Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf] lgwf{/0f ug{ sf] nflu kftnf] tx qmf]d]6f]u|fkmL / lgdGq0f /]vf sf] g/Lsf >d;fxo tyf ;do lng] vfn]sf] 5 . oL t/Lsfsf] nflu 1fg tyf cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] cg'ejsf] cfjjZostf kb{5 . h}j k|f}Bf]lus af6 o;sf] klxrfg rf8} ug{ ;lsG5 . of] Joj;foLs ?kdf pknAw 5 . Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf /f]s yfdM Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf] /f]syfd ePsf] ;+b'if0fnfO{ s dug{' ;a} eGbf dxTjk"0f{ sf/uf/ ;fwg x'g ;S5 . t/ o:sf] nflu s[lif e08f/f] sf t/Lsf jfnL leq\ofpg k/Dk/f Pj+ afnL k|jGwg k|;+:s/0fdf cToflws ;'wf/ ug{ h?/L 5 . o:sf] lgjf/0ffsf] nflu lgDgf lnlvt ljGb dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . kz'nfO{ b'zL k|b'lift bfgf 3f; k/fn glbg] kz' k+lIfsf] bfgf agfpFbf 9'zL /lxt cGg k|of]u ug{] .

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kz'x?sf] bfgf agfpg eGbf klxn] cGgnfO{ v'Nnf7fpFdf yfddf ;'sfpg] 9'zL k|b'lift ;fOn]h k|of]u gug{] . kz' cfxf/fsfjf]/f hdLg eGbf dfly tyf kvf}n eGbf 6f9f /fVg] lkgfdf 9'zL rf8} k|b'if0f ;+b'if0f x'g] x'Fbf ;se/ k|of]u gug{] w'g ls/fn] vfPsf] cGg bfgfdf k|of]u gug[}, kfgLsf] ef8f ;kmf ;'Vvf /fVg] . lgisif{ M Pkmnf 6f]s;LgnfO{ ;fdfGOtof kz'k+lIfx?sf] c;fdfGo :jf:Yo Ps lgDg pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] d'ne't sf//f dflgG5 . o; jfx]s o; af6 pTkGg x'g] cfly{s gf]s;fgL klg cx;dfgLG5 . 3/]n' kz'x?df Pkmnf6f]s;Lgsf sf/0fn] kf]if0f ljsf; Pj+ k|hgg ;+ljwt k|bz{g go"g x'g] ub{5 . Pkmnf6f]s;Lg s'v'/f kfng pb\of]udf x'g] 9'nf] gf]S;fgLsf] klg Pp6f sf//f dflgG5 . o;n] k+lIfx?df /f]u k|tL/f]ws Ifdtf sd u/fP/ pgLx?nfO{ ;+qmd0f sf] nflu cToflws ;+j]bgzLn Pj+ u|x0fzLn agfpF5 . Pkmntf6f]s;Lg b'w, km"n df;' / cGo ?kdf pknAw x'g] ub{5 . h'gsL dfgj :jf:Yosf nflu xfgL sf/s Ps lrGtfsf] ljifo dflgG5 . lb3{sflng /0flgltx? Pj+ vfb\ofg ;'/Iff 4f/f of] ;\lgZrLt ug{' cfjZos 5 ls h}jLs kbfy{sf] ljifx?df cf]tyf hgfj/x?nfO{ ;'/lIft vfbo ;fdfu|L s;/L pknAw u/fpg ;lsG5 . /fi6«Lo Pj+ cGt/fli6«o :t/df o;af6 pTkGg hf]vLd tyf /f]syfd ug{] sfg'g agfP/ lgoGqLt ug{' kg{] cfjZostf 5 .

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