Muscles Of Trunk & Abdomen

SPINOHUMERAL MUSCLES

Ml Trapezius

Ol Descending part: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament

Il Clavicle: lateral 1/3

N: Accesory n,

Acromion

Cervical plexus

A! Darsal scapular

a. (from transverse cervical a.)

F:

Scapula: -Elevation / Depression -Retraction -Rotation

Spine of scapula

Transverse part: C7-T3: -sprnous process -supraspinous ligaments

At 7 o'clock, I'll climb a 3,

Ascending part:

f3-L2i -
Latissimus dorsi

Vertebral part: T6-12i -spinous process -interspinous ligaments L1 -5 (via thoracolumbar fascia) -spinous process -interspinous ligaments

Humerus:

Thoracodorsal n,

Thoracodorsal

a. (from crest of lesser tubercle

(brachial plexus)

intertubercular sulcus

subscapular a.) Dorsal scapular

a. (from

:

transverse ceruical a.)

iliac part: Iliac crest

Glenohumeral joint: -Medial rotation -Adduction -Extension -Transverse extension (until back of hand reaches buttocks) ]Coughing muscle" -Forced expiration

(i.e. brings shoulders down & backwards)

costal paft: Rib 10-12 Scapular part: Inferior anole Levator scapulae

c1-c4: posterior tubercles

Rhomboideus minor Rhomboideus major

Scapula: Superior angle

transverse Drocesses c6-7

T7-4i Spinous process

Dorsal scapular

Scapula:

Dorsal scapular

anole mediallv Scapula:

Dorsal scapular

-elevates -retracts back to vertebral

-elevates while rotating inferior

@

Scapula: Medial margin f near s{lnraqninorrs fossa) Scapula: Medial margin (near infraspinous fossa)

Dorsal scapular n (brach'al plexus)

column -presses onto thoracic wall

If paralyzed: =winoed scanula

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SHORT MUSCLES OF THE NECK

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o:

I:

M: Rectus capitis posterior mrnor Rectus capitis posteri0r

Atlas: A. tubercle

I. nuchal line: M, part

Axis: spinous process

I. nuchal line: middle oart

Obliouus caDitis suDerior Obliouus caDitis inferior

Atlas: transverqe nrocesqs Axis: sDinorJs Drocess

L nuchal line: L.

UQ)

,alai

+un-

)

f

N:

il n.rl

h,:,a

loc,t;,zl

nuql2'l

t^la trLqd I

A:

F:

Rotate face to same side

Suboccipital n

Dart Atlas: transverse Drocess

Bend head to same side Rotate face to same side

All these muscles work in parrs to... EXTEND THE HEAD

THORACOHUMERAL MUSCLES

o;

M: Pectoralis major

r:

Clavicular part: Medial 1/3

Humerus: crest of greater tubercle

N: M. & L. pectoral n. (brachial plexus)

Al Thoracoacromial

a. (pectoral br.)

Abdominal part: S, part of rectus sheath Sternocostal paft: Manubr,um & body of sternum Rib 2-7 (costal cartilaoe) Rib 2-5 (near costal cartilage)

Pectoralis mlnor Subclavius

Serratus anterior

F:

Glenohumeral j.: -Flexion // Extension -Adduction -Medial rotation -accessory respiratory m. (if arms are fixed) z.;' ,. I d w, r a f

Scapula : Coroeoid process

Rib 1: junction between bone & cartilage

Clavicle: subclavian groove

9/10 slips from rib 1-8/9

Scapula (A, surface): -M. margin -L angle

M. pectoral n, (brachial olexus) Nerve to subclavius (brachial plexus)

Thoracoacromial

a. (Dectoral br-) Thoracoacromial

Scapula: Lowers & nrofracfs Clavicle: lowers & mediallv

a,

(clavicular br.) (usually 2 slips from rib 2)

Long thoracic n, (brachial plexus)

Upper part: LAT thoracic a.

Lower part: Thoracodorsal a,

-press scapula onto thoracic wall -elevate arm beyond 90x -accessory respiratory m. (if shoulder is fixed)

If paralysed: -winged scapula

-arms X elevate bevond 90x INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

M:

Or

Intercostal externus (intercostales externi)

Upper rib:

l,

A:

N! Lower rib: S, margin

margin

F: Forced inspiration

(so.

: Intercostalis externus) Intercostal Internus (intercostales interni)

Lower rib: S. margin

Upper rib:

Lower rib: S, margin

Transversus thoracis

Body of sternum & xiphoid Drocess: P. surface

Upper rib: behind costal oroove Rib 2-6: Costal cartilace

.i "C6

/@

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"subcostal" if extends over

Expiration

several segments;

intercostal n.

Intercostal intimus (intercostales intimi)

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I. margin

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Expiration Expi ration

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"intercartilaginous" if @ reoion of costal cartilaoes

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SPlNOCOSTAL MUSCLES

C/L/l, ktr.4.

C6-T4: Soinous r T1 1 -12: SDinous orocess

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o:

Ml Serratus posterior suDerior Serratus Dosterior inferior

FvD(t;J{i

Il

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Al

Nl

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F:

Rib 2-5:

Lift ribs

lOO: see 6, take 4

Lowers libs

Take 11, leave 2

Lift ribs

The 7-11 muscle

lateral to costal anole Rib 9-12

Intercostal n.

Levator costae (Levatores

c7-Ttt"

Ribs (below):

costa rum )

Transverse orocess

costal tubercle

SPINOTRANSVERSE MUSCLES

o:

M:

I:

N:

Ai

SDlenius Splenius capitis

Splenius cervicis

c3-T3: Spinous process

Mastoid process Superior nuchal line flateral Dart)

T4-6:

at -?.

Soinous orocess

Transverse

F:

Both: lift head One: rotate head on same side Also: support other intrinsic muscles of the back

Spinal n.

(dorsal br.)

SACROSPINAL MUSCLES

o:

MI

Iliocostalis

)

Iliocostalis lumborum

Sacrum

Iliac crest: Ext lip

)

Iliocostalis thoracis

)

Iliocostalis cervicis

Thoracolumbar fascia Rib 6-12: Costal anole Rib 3-6: Costal anole

ll

N!

Longissimus thoracis

bacrum LV: spinous process

Rib 1-6 Upper CV:

ERECTOR SPINAE M.

(the SUPERFICIAL GP.) Medially:

TV: transverse process LV: accessory process

Laterally: Ribs

LV: costal process Thoracodorsal fascia (deep laver)

)

Longissimus cervicis

t

Longissimus capitis

T1-6:

c2-5:

Transverse orocess

Transverse orocess Mastoid process

c4-T5: Transverse Drocess

F:

Upper LV: costal process Rib 6-12

Lonoissimus

)

A:

Spinal n.

(dorsal br.)

-extend head & vertebral column -LAT flexion of vertebral column -turn head to contracting side

Ahoj, capt! March 3 by 3,

follow

sternocl€idomastoid! Kept on marching., .,.ooDs foroot sth!

SPINOSPINAL MUSCLES (SYSTEM OF STRAIGHT MUSCLES)

M:

Oi

I!

Nl

SDinalis

)

)

Spinalis cervicis

C.4-C7i

Spinalis thoracis

Soinous orocess Lower TV & upper CV: Soinous nrocess

LZ-LJ: SDinor rq

A:

ERECTOR SPINAE M. DEEP GP,)

(the

Sninnr r< n

IntersDinales

+ IntersDinales cervicis ) Intersninales thoracis Interspinales lumborun

Between spinous processes of CV Between sDinous Drocesses of TV Between sDinous Drocesses of LV

Spinal n. (dorsal br. )

Extension of CV column Extension of TV column Extension of LV column

Intertransversarii

)

ANT.

)

POST.

)

MED,

)

LAT.

-

cervicis

-

-

cervicis lumborum

lumborum

to heaven,., ..,see shoe on tree

See door

See:

Spinal n. (dorsal br.)

Upper TV:

F:

Between adjacent CV: ANT. tubercle (O transverse Drocesses Between adjacent C2-7: POST. tubercle @ transverse Drocesses Between adjacent LV: Mamillarv Drocess & accessoru nrocesq Between adjacent LV: Costal Drocesses

Cervical plexus

Abducts CV

Spinal n, (dorsal br.) Spinal n.

Abducts CV

all function to stabilize adjacent vertebrae during movements of vertebral column to allow more effective action of large muscre 9roups

(dorsal br.) Lumbar plexus

TRANSVERSOSPTNAL MUSCLES (SYSTEM OF OBLIQUE MUSCLES)

M: Semispinalis thoracis et cervicis

Semispinalis capitis

o:

C2-T6: spinous process

Lower CV:

(ZA says: fromC2-ft2, skio 4tn -sth vertebrae) Squamous part of occipital bone (between S. & L nuchal lines)

Articular process Upper TV: Transverse process Multifidus

(Multifidi)

I:

TVi transverse Drocess

Lower CV: Articular process

One: tilt head upwards to side (wiping chin on sleeve action)

All transversospinal muscles have this function:

) both sides: extend backbone )

one side:

rotate backbone to opposite side,

Mamillary process

Rotatores - cervicis - thoracis - lumborum

Both: lift head

(dorsal br.)

LV:

F:

stickt

Spinal n.

Transverse process

A!

See shoe, scared! Take

(Higher) spinous process

TV:

Sacrum: PncfFridr

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rrfaaa

CV: transverse proc. TV: transverse proc. LV: mamillary proc.

(Same level & higher) sprnous process

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES (also: defecation & labour) ANTERIOR

/

MEDIAL GROUP

M! Rectus abdominis

Pyramidalis

o:

Ii

Rib 5-7: near costal cartilage Xiphoid process

-3 tendinous intersections (only A. surface of muscle

-pubic tubercle

attaches to it) -pubic tubercle -qvmnhvsiq nr rhi< Linea alba

-svmDhvsis nrlbis I ATFRAI CJ Obliouus externus abdominis

Obliouus internus abdominis

Slips from rib 5-12

fliac crest (intermediate line) Iliac spine A,S. Inguinal ligament Thoracolumbar fascia (deep layer)

Aponeurosis (A, part of rectus sheath) Linea alba lliac crest (ext. lip) Inouinal lio. Aponeurosis (A. & P. part of rectus sheath) t A, part completely covers abd t P. part ends below navel

N:

Ai

Intercostal n. (abdominal br.)

F: -COMPRESS ABDOMINAL CONTENTS .FLEX TRUNK // PELViS

-tenses abdominal wall

Intercostal n. (abdominal br.)

Tenses linea alba

Intercostal n. (abdominal br.)

-COMPRESS ABDOMINAL CONTENTS .FLEX TRUNK // PELVIS -Turn A. abdomen to OPPOSITE

SIDE!!!

-rntercostal n. (abdominal br.) -iliohypogastric n. -ilioinguinal n. -genitofemoral n.

.COMPRESS ABDOMINAL CONTENTS -FLEX TRUNK PELVIS

intercosta I (abdominal br.)

-COMPRESS ABDOMINAL CONTENTS

//

-Turn A. abdomen to SAME SIDE!

! !

arcuate line Transversus abdominis

Iliac crest (inner. tip) Iliac spine A.S. Inguinal ligament Thoracolumbar fascia (deep layer) Sfips from rib 7-t2 Fibers from int, abd. obl. & trans. abd.

Cremaster

Linea alba Last 3 ribs: I. marain Aponeurosis (P. part of rectus sheath) Linea alba

Guy: envelops spermatic coro

-iliohypogastric n. -ilioinguinal n. -(genitofemoral n.) -genital br. of genitofemoral n,

Raises testis towards body when cool env to orevent loss of heat (to promote spermatogenesis)

Girl: envelops round lidampnt nf I rtarr rc DEEP ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

o:

M: Psoas major

Deep part:

TL2-L4l

I: Lesser trochanter (as Iliopsoas)

Ni Lumbar plexus

Psoas minor

Quadratus lumborum (ZA says: ABDOMINAL MUSCLES)

joint:

-Lateral rotation Trunk: Lateral flexion

Iliopubic eminence, radiates into iliopectineal arch Rib 12

L1-L4: this is POSTERIOR GROUP of

F,.

Hip

-Flexion -Adduction

Lateral sudaces intervertebral discs Superficial part: L 1-L5: Costal Drocesses T12-11: Lateral su#aces Intervertebral discs Iliac crest (inner lip)

A:

#processes Jro*tt*ivt

Lumbar plexus

Trunk: Lateral flexion

Lumbar plexus Subcostal n,

Lowers rib 12 Lateral flexion of trunk