Msk

CHAPTER 9

CAPITAL BUSINESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS 11/01/08

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Group Members:     

Muhammad Saad Khawaja Nazish Khalid Shiza Noor Ahmed Shamsuddoha Jibran Jogezai

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What is Environmentalism?  Environmentalism is the greatest obstacle for the capitalist world order.  There are two ways of looking at environmentalism, firstly it could refer to protecting the environment or it could refer to a collection of different ‘Environmentalisms’.

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Enlightenment attitude to nature  Enlightenment thinkers regard nature as essential for material and inner improvement.  The knowledge of nature is suppose to awaken a higher level of consciousness similar to the inspiration that one gets from religion.  Nature signifies a horizon of knowledge and different comprehension of reality.

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 The higher level of consciousness is suppose to motivate human behavior and judgment.  This can be contrasted to post modernist views where day to day living is more important and a need is not felt to attain a higher level of consciousness.

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Capitalist attitude to nature  The purposes of accumulation, utility maximization and greatest happiness of the greatest numbers requires excessive usage of our natural resources.  Capitalist order to full fill its purpose of accumulation must dominate nature as mans needs are limited but his wants are unlimited.  As a result the greater part of natural resources are harnessed and stored.

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Capitalist property and free resources  John Locke in his ‘Second Treatise on Civil Government’ distinguished between the civil society and the ‘state of nature’.  He said that all the resources on earth belonged to man and he could do what ever he wished with them.  Locke considered the ‘state of nature’ an abundance of almost worthless provisions only made into usable resources by human invention and labor. 11/01/08

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 He stated that when man takes something out of the state of nature and attaches his label to it, it then becomes his property.  His argument for this was that land with out labor was worthless.  Therefore according to Locke, ‘property’ and its ownership is justified on the grounds of accumulation

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Sustainability  The worlds production needs are well beyond the needs of the worlds population.  Sustainable development is the concept of using resources in an ecologically sound manner, so that the need of future generations can be met.

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 Sustainable development issues are very relevant to nations with high CO2 emissions and levels of deforestation.  They are just as relevant for developing nations like Pakistan, who are far behind on sustainable development indicators.

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Public Relations and Environment Concerns  For a person living in a civil society, environmental issues are a serious concern.  When such a person shows concern about environmental issues, he's highlighting the destructive consumption of natural resources.

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 Corporations are regularly counseled to adopt environment friendly practices. If they do not, they are generally frowned upon.

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Corporate Environmental Responsibility  Depends on the views shared by the firm and it’s customers.  Multinationals, which are part of the capitalist order should favor sustainability approaches.  This of course requires a civil society.

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Islamic View  The essence of Islamic proprietorship is to make the minimum necessary use of available resources and not to exploit the environment.  The priority is to live in a way in this world which enables us to attain the hereafter.  Therefore sustainability is not an end in itself but merely a means for success in the hereafter.

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Examples  Kyoto Protocol  Honda  Pso

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PSO      

Environmental Sensitivity Analysis Soil & Ground Water Protection Waste Management Green Offices Minimize accidents Health, Safety & Environment Steering Committee

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PSO  Accepts Corporate Responsibility PSO promotes Health, Safety and Environment culture both internally and externally. PSO emphasizes on Community Development and aspires to make society a better place to live in

 PSO Light and Visual Park

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PSO  Makes environmentally friendly products like Green XL Plus diesel and Premier XL motor gasoline, as well as a major market share in CNG, which further reflects our commitment to the cause.

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Number of incidents

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Number of incidents

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KYOTO PROTOCOL

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HONDA

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HONDA  Honda Fit (Fuel Efficient)  Fuel Cells  Honda CR-V

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HONDA

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