Modern World History
Explorers Essay Altamirano: “And you have the effrontery to tell me that
this slaughter was necessary?” Cabeza:
“I did what I had to do. Given the legitimate purpose which you sanctioned, I would have to say, yes, in truth. Yes.
Hontar:
“You had no alternative….We must work in the world, your Eminence.
The world is thus.” Altamirano: “No, Señor Hontar. Thus have we made the world.
Thus have I made it.”
The above quote is typically used to understand the modern European self-image of power, redemptive violence and progress. However, others, such as James W. Loewen, author of Lies My Teacher Told Me (1995) and Alfred W. Crosby, Jr., author of The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492 (1972) argue that the post-1492 changes which occurred in Europe were nearly as momentous as those in the Americas. Consider the following report which speaks to the transformation of the world: “Fear of the bird flu sweeping across Asia has played a major role in [our] government's flurry of preparations for a worldwide epidemic” (“Danger of Flu Pandemic Is Clear, if Not Present”: New York Times, 10/9/2005). “The initial contact between the Europeans and Native Americans overall yielded positive outcomes and progress for human civilization.”—J. Logan To what extent is this a true statement? Using evidence from The World Is Flat (Friedman), “The Columbian Exchange” (Loewen), Guns, Germs and Steel (Diamond), “Collision at Cajamarca” (Pizarro & the Incas), First Encounters (Cortés and the Aztecs), and The Mission (film), write an essay supporting one side of this argument. See also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbian_Exchange And http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080/tserve/nattrans/ntecoindian/essays/columbian.htm