Micro Finance

MICRO FINANCE By:Manoj Kumar Singh 9910845011 [email protected] Institute of International FortuneFortune Institute of International 1 Business Business

Introduction to Micro Finance • Financial services given to poor & low Income people (including women) of Rural Areas to raise their standard of living & can make them economically sound. • It is the supply of loans, savings and other financial services to poor to help them engage in productive activities or grow their tiny business. Fortune Institute of International Business

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Micro Finance in India Evolution of Micro finance in India  Micro finance has been in practice for ages ( though informally).  Legal framework for establishing the cooperative movement set up in 1904.  Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 provided for the establishment of the Agricultural Credit Department.  Nationalization of banks in 1969  Regional Rural Banks created in 1975.  NABARD established as an apex agency Fortune Institute of International 3 for rural finance in Business 1982.

The Profile of Micro Finance in India • Estimated that 350 million people live Below Poverty Line. • 95 % have no access to microfinance. • Considerable gap between demand and supply for all financial services. Majority of poor are excluded from financial services. • Limited access to Capacity Building support which is an important variable in terms of quality of the portfolio, MIS, and the sustainability of operations. • About 56 % of the poor still borrow from informal sources. • 70 % of the rural poor do not have a deposit account. Fortune Institute of International 4 Business

FEATURES OF INDIAN MF  About 60 % of the MFIs are registered as societies.  About 20 % are Trusts  About 65 % of the MFIs follow the operating model of SHGs.  Large concentration in South India  600 MFI initiatives have a cumulative outreach of 1.25 crore poor households  NABARD’s bank linkage program has cumulatively reached a total of 9.4 lakh SHGs with about 1.4 crore households. Fortune Institute of International Business

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Services offered in Micro Finance • • • •

Loan Deposits Insurance Pensions

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Role & Benefits

• Targeting the poor • Poverty Reduction through Social Protection • Women’s empowerment • Widening of social capital • Business development Services • Other development services • Insurance services • Pension services Fortune Institute of International Business

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Micro Financial Institutions Any institution that provide financial services to the poor, it includes:• Co-operatives • Financial NGO • Credit Unions • Commercial Bank • Post Offices • Insurance Companies etc Fortune Institute of International Business

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MFI’s working in India • • • • •

NABARD SIDBI Cashpor Grameen koota Various amalgamation of SBI, BOB, BOI, PNB, UCO, Axis, Syndicate etc • LIC, GIC, ICICI Lombard & many more Fortune Institute of International Business

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PROJECTIONS FOR THE FUTURE  Annual growth rate of about 20 % during the next five years.  75 % of the total poor households of 80 million (i.e. about 60 million will be reached in the next five years.  The loan outstanding will consequently grow from the of International present level Fortune of Institute about 1600 Business

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CHALLENGES AHEAD  Appropriate legal structures for the structured growth of MF operations  Ability to access loan funds at reasonably low rates of interest.  Ability to attract and retain professional and committed human resources.  Design of apt MIS including user friendly software for tracking accounts and operations.  Ability to innovate, adapt and grow.  Bring out a compendium of small and micro enterprises for the MF clients.  Identify and prepare a panel of locally available trainers.  Ability to train trainers. Fortune Institute of International

 Capacity to provide backward Business linkages or

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“IF You are Uplifting The Poor Your Uplifting The Nation” Fortune Institute of International Business

-> Mahatma Gandhi 12

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