Micro - 4th Asessment - Vector Borne & Zoonotic Infections - 2007
This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA
Overview
Download & View Micro - 4th Asessment - Vector Borne & Zoonotic Infections - 2007 as PDF for free.
More details
- Words: 616
- Pages: 22
VECTOR BORNE, ZOONOTIC AND HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUSES 4TH Year, February, 2007
Summary of vector borne, zoonotic and hemorrhagic fever viruses Virus
Mosquito
Tick
Flaviviruse s
Japanese BEV West Nile FV Yellow FV Dengue FV O’nyong nyong Chikungunya
Tick-borne EV Kyasanur Forest DV
Togaviruse s
Bunyavirus es
Rift Valley FV CongoCrimean HFV.
Rodent
Other Sandfly FV
Hantan FV.
Lassa FV Arenavirus
Ebola, Marburg
Japanese B Encephalitis Virus
JBEV, ssRNA, enveloped virus, antigen relation to: West Nile Fever Virus St. Luis EV Murray Valley EV Endemic in: Japan, Philippines, Korea, Indonesia, India, China
West Nile Fever Virus
Endemic in Africa, Europe Recently detected in USA, 1999/2000 Transmission: associated with birds and mosquitoes Encephalitis, muscular weakness
Aedes vexans
Flamingo
crow
Yellow Fever Virus (YFV)-1
Pathogenesis: Necrosis of hepatocytes Formation of inclusion bodies Clinical feature: Rising temperature with slow pulse, epigastric pain, jaundice, epistaxis, hematemesis (black vomit), hemorrhegies
Yellow Fever Virus-2
Transmission cycle: 1. Jungle (forest): monkey-mosq.-man 2. Urban (City): man-mosq.-man
Prevention: Live, attenuated vaccine
Aedes egypti
Dengue Fever Virus (DFV)1
500 000 hosp./year 25 000 death 4 serotypes Endemic areas: Americas Africa Indian subcontinent
Dengue Fever Virus-2
Clinical features: 1. Mild, non specific 2. Break-bone fever 3. Hemorrhagic fever ecchymosis 4. Dengue shock syndrome Severity depends: type of infection (primary or secondary)
Dengue Fever Virus-3
Transmission: Aedes egypti Spreading rapidly From Mexico to USA, Saudi Arabia (300 cases) Prevention: Mosquito control, water reservoirs
Dengue virus situation in Kuwait
Laboratory investigations: 1. Virus isolation 2. Serology, IgM 3. RT-PCR Results: 1. 9 pts – IgM+ 2. DFV type 2, detected by PCR Importation of DFV to Kuwait
Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) Viruses
Endemic in Europe Fatality rate: 2-30% Prevention: Inactivated vaccine
Ixodes species orienteering
Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus (KFDV)
Endemic in India Belongs to TBE group Transmitted by ticks, transmission involves bats and birds Killed vaccine is available
Sandfly Fever Virus (SFV)
Endemic in Mediterranean countries Transmission: sandfly (Phl. papatasi) Virus strains: Naples Sicilian
Phlebotomus papatasi
Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV)-1
Rift Valley area in Kenya Egypt: 1977, 200 000 cases, 600 died from HF Recently: in Saudi and Yemen Clinical feature: 1. Mild, febrile illness 2. Neurological manif. 3. HF
Rift Valley Fever Virus-2
Transmission: 1. Mosquito bite 2. Close animal contact Diagnosis: IgM, Isol, PCR Control/prev/treatm: Eradication, vaccine Ribavirin Mosquito- borne zoonosis
RVFV in Saudi Arabia/Yemen
In year 2000:
Severe dis. 516 cases 87 deaths (17%)
Crimean-Congo HF Virus (CCHFV)-1
1944, Crimean peninsula 1956, Congo Endemic in: Africa, Asia, Europe Clinical feature: 1. High fever, nausea, hepatitis 2. HF: epistaxis, melena hematemesis, ecchymosis Mortality: 30%
Crimean-Congo HF Virus-2
Transmission: 1. Close animal contact 2. Vector: tick Tick-borne zoonosis Prev/control: vector eradication Treatment: Ribavirin
Hantaviruses-1
Strains:
Diseases:-
Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Four Corner
1. HF with renal syndrome 2. Nephropathia epidemica 3. Pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Spreading rapidly:
USA, Four Corner Area (U. C, NM, A) High mortality: 60% Zoonosis
Hantaviruses-2
Transmission: 1. Rodents as reservoirs Diagnosis: IgM, IF for Ag detection PCR Prevention: Rodent control Treatment: Ribavirin
deer mouse
Arena viruses
Virion: sandy appearance, ambisense, segmented RNA Viruses infecting humans: Junin – Argentinian HF Machupo – Bolivian HF Lassa HF – Africa All cause HFs
Filo viruses
Virion: negative sense, ssRNA Viruses: Marburg Ebola Reston Clinical features: capillary, leakage, profuse bleeding, HF Mortality: 70-85 % Diagnosis: Special lab.
Summary of vector borne, zoonotic and hemorrhagic fever viruses Virus
Mosquito
Tick
Flaviviruse s
Japanese BEV West Nile FV Yellow FV Dengue FV O’nyong nyong Chikungunya
Tick-borne EV Kyasanur Forest DV
Togaviruse s
Bunyavirus es
Rift Valley FV CongoCrimean HFV.
Rodent
Other Sandfly FV
Hantan FV.
Lassa FV Arenavirus
Ebola, Marburg
Japanese B Encephalitis Virus
JBEV, ssRNA, enveloped virus, antigen relation to: West Nile Fever Virus St. Luis EV Murray Valley EV Endemic in: Japan, Philippines, Korea, Indonesia, India, China
West Nile Fever Virus
Endemic in Africa, Europe Recently detected in USA, 1999/2000 Transmission: associated with birds and mosquitoes Encephalitis, muscular weakness
Aedes vexans
Flamingo
crow
Yellow Fever Virus (YFV)-1
Pathogenesis: Necrosis of hepatocytes Formation of inclusion bodies Clinical feature: Rising temperature with slow pulse, epigastric pain, jaundice, epistaxis, hematemesis (black vomit), hemorrhegies
Yellow Fever Virus-2
Transmission cycle: 1. Jungle (forest): monkey-mosq.-man 2. Urban (City): man-mosq.-man
Prevention: Live, attenuated vaccine
Aedes egypti
Dengue Fever Virus (DFV)1
500 000 hosp./year 25 000 death 4 serotypes Endemic areas: Americas Africa Indian subcontinent
Dengue Fever Virus-2
Clinical features: 1. Mild, non specific 2. Break-bone fever 3. Hemorrhagic fever ecchymosis 4. Dengue shock syndrome Severity depends: type of infection (primary or secondary)
Dengue Fever Virus-3
Transmission: Aedes egypti Spreading rapidly From Mexico to USA, Saudi Arabia (300 cases) Prevention: Mosquito control, water reservoirs
Dengue virus situation in Kuwait
Laboratory investigations: 1. Virus isolation 2. Serology, IgM 3. RT-PCR Results: 1. 9 pts – IgM+ 2. DFV type 2, detected by PCR Importation of DFV to Kuwait
Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) Viruses
Endemic in Europe Fatality rate: 2-30% Prevention: Inactivated vaccine
Ixodes species orienteering
Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus (KFDV)
Endemic in India Belongs to TBE group Transmitted by ticks, transmission involves bats and birds Killed vaccine is available
Sandfly Fever Virus (SFV)
Endemic in Mediterranean countries Transmission: sandfly (Phl. papatasi) Virus strains: Naples Sicilian
Phlebotomus papatasi
Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV)-1
Rift Valley area in Kenya Egypt: 1977, 200 000 cases, 600 died from HF Recently: in Saudi and Yemen Clinical feature: 1. Mild, febrile illness 2. Neurological manif. 3. HF
Rift Valley Fever Virus-2
Transmission: 1. Mosquito bite 2. Close animal contact Diagnosis: IgM, Isol, PCR Control/prev/treatm: Eradication, vaccine Ribavirin Mosquito- borne zoonosis
RVFV in Saudi Arabia/Yemen
In year 2000:
Severe dis. 516 cases 87 deaths (17%)
Crimean-Congo HF Virus (CCHFV)-1
1944, Crimean peninsula 1956, Congo Endemic in: Africa, Asia, Europe Clinical feature: 1. High fever, nausea, hepatitis 2. HF: epistaxis, melena hematemesis, ecchymosis Mortality: 30%
Crimean-Congo HF Virus-2
Transmission: 1. Close animal contact 2. Vector: tick Tick-borne zoonosis Prev/control: vector eradication Treatment: Ribavirin
Hantaviruses-1
Strains:
Diseases:-
Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Four Corner
1. HF with renal syndrome 2. Nephropathia epidemica 3. Pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Spreading rapidly:
USA, Four Corner Area (U. C, NM, A) High mortality: 60% Zoonosis
Hantaviruses-2
Transmission: 1. Rodents as reservoirs Diagnosis: IgM, IF for Ag detection PCR Prevention: Rodent control Treatment: Ribavirin
deer mouse
Arena viruses
Virion: sandy appearance, ambisense, segmented RNA Viruses infecting humans: Junin – Argentinian HF Machupo – Bolivian HF Lassa HF – Africa All cause HFs
Filo viruses
Virion: negative sense, ssRNA Viruses: Marburg Ebola Reston Clinical features: capillary, leakage, profuse bleeding, HF Mortality: 70-85 % Diagnosis: Special lab.
Related Documents
