Metric Prefixes And Conversion Factors
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Chapter 1 Measurements Prefixes and Equalities
LecturePLUS Timberlake
1
Metric Prefixes Increase or decrease basic unit by 10 Form new units larger or smaller than the basic units Indicate a numerical value prefix
=
value
1 kilometer
=
1000 meters
1 kilogram
=
1000 grams LecturePLUS Timberlake
2
Prefixes that Increase A Unit Prefix
Symbol
Value
giga-
G
1 000 000 000
megakilo-
M k
1 000 000 1 000
LecturePLUS Timberlake
3
Prefixes that Decrease A Unit Prefix
Symbol
Value
decicentimillimicronano
d c m µ (mu) n
0.1 0.01 0.001 0.000 001 0.000 000 0001
LecturePLUS Timberlake
4
Learning Check Match 1) length
2) mass 3) volume
____ A.
A bag of tomatoes is 4.6 kg.
____ B.
A person is 2.0 m tall.
____ C.
A medication contains 0.50 g Aspirin.
____ D.
A bottle contains 1.5 L of water. LecturePLUS Timberlake
5
Solution Match 1) length
2) mass 3) volume
_2 A.
A bag of tomatoes is 4.6 kg.
_1_ B.
A person is 2.0 m tall.
_2_ C.
A medication contains 0.50 g Aspirin.
_3_ D.
A bottle contains 1.5 L of water. LecturePLUS Timberlake
6
Learning Check Select the unit you would use to measure A. Your height 1) millimeters 2) meters 3) kilometers B. Your mass 1) milligrams
2) grams
3) kilograms
C. The distance between two cities 1) millimeters 2) meters 3) kilometers D. The width of an artery 1) millimeters 2) meters LecturePLUS Timberlake
3) kilometers 7
Solution A. Your height 2) meters B. Your mass 3) kilograms C. The distance between two cities 3) kilometers D. The width of an artery 1) millimeters LecturePLUS Timberlake
8
Learning Check Indicate the prefix to use for 1. A mass that is 1000 times greater than 1 gram 1) kilo
2) milli
3) mega
2. A length that is 1/100 of 1 meter? 1) deci
2) centi
3) milli
3. A unit of time that is 1/1000 of a second. 1) nanosecond 2) microsecond 3)millisecond LecturePLUS Timberlake
9
Solution 1. 1) kilo 2. 2) centi 3. 3) millisecond
LecturePLUS Timberlake
10
Equalities State the same measurement in two different units length 10.0 in. 25.4 cm
LecturePLUS Timberlake
11
Some Metric Equalities Length 1m
=
100 cm
Mass 1 kg
=
1000 g
Volume 1L
=
1000 mL
LecturePLUS Timberlake
12
Learning Check A. 1000 m = 1 ___ 1) mm
2) km
3) dm
B.
0.001 g = 1 ___ 1) mg
2) kg
3) dg
C.
0.1 L = 1 ___ 1) mL
2) cL
3) dL
D.
0.01 m = 1 ___ 1) mm
2) cm
3) dm
LecturePLUS Timberlake
13
Solution A. 1000 m = 1 ___ 2) km B.
0.001 g = 1 ___ 1) mg
C.
0.1 L = 1 ___ 3) dL
D.
0.01 m = 1 ___ 2) cm LecturePLUS Timberlake
14
Learning Check Give the value of the following units: A. 1 kg = ____ g 1) 10 g 2) 100 g
3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = ____ m 1) 0.001 m 2) 0.01 m
3) 0.1 m
LecturePLUS Timberlake
15
Solution A. 1 kg = ____ g 3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = ____ m 1) 0.001 m
LecturePLUS Timberlake
16
Some American Equalities 1 ft
=
1 lb
=
1 quart
=
1 quart
=
inches 16 oz pints 4 cups
Why are the quantities in each pair equal? LecturePLUS Timberlake
17
Some American Equalities 1 ft
=
12 inches
1 lb
=
16
1 quart
=
2 pints
1 quart
=
4 cups
oz
The quantities in each pair give the same measured amount in two different units. LecturePLUS Timberlake
18
Some Metric-American Equalities 1 in.
=
2.54 cm
1 qt
=
946 mL
1L
=
1.06 qt
1 lb
=
454 g
1 kg
=
2.20 lb
Remember these for exams. LecturePLUS Timberlake
19
Equalities given in a Problem Example 1 At the store, the price of one pound of red peppers is $2.39. Equality: 1 lb red peppers
=
$2.39
Example 2 At the gas station, one gallon of gas is $1.34. Equality: 1 gallon of gas LecturePLUS Timberlake
=
$1.34 20
Conversion Factors Fractions in which the numerator and denominator are quantities expressed in an equality between those units Example:
1 in. = 2.54 cm
Factors:
1 in. 2.54 cm
and
LecturePLUS Timberlake
2.54 cm 1 in. 21
Learning Check Write conversion factors that relate each of the following pairs of units: A. Liters and mL B. Hours and minutes D. Meters and kilometers LecturePLUS Timberlake
22
Solution A. quarts and mL 1L and 1000 mL
1 L = 1000 mL 1000 mL 1L
B. hours and minutes 1 hr = 60 min 1 hr and 60 min 60 min 1 hr C. meters and kilometers 1 km = 1000 m 1 km and 1000 m 1000 m 1 km LecturePLUS Timberlake
23
LecturePLUS Timberlake
1
Metric Prefixes Increase or decrease basic unit by 10 Form new units larger or smaller than the basic units Indicate a numerical value prefix
=
value
1 kilometer
=
1000 meters
1 kilogram
=
1000 grams LecturePLUS Timberlake
2
Prefixes that Increase A Unit Prefix
Symbol
Value
giga-
G
1 000 000 000
megakilo-
M k
1 000 000 1 000
LecturePLUS Timberlake
3
Prefixes that Decrease A Unit Prefix
Symbol
Value
decicentimillimicronano
d c m µ (mu) n
0.1 0.01 0.001 0.000 001 0.000 000 0001
LecturePLUS Timberlake
4
Learning Check Match 1) length
2) mass 3) volume
____ A.
A bag of tomatoes is 4.6 kg.
____ B.
A person is 2.0 m tall.
____ C.
A medication contains 0.50 g Aspirin.
____ D.
A bottle contains 1.5 L of water. LecturePLUS Timberlake
5
Solution Match 1) length
2) mass 3) volume
_2 A.
A bag of tomatoes is 4.6 kg.
_1_ B.
A person is 2.0 m tall.
_2_ C.
A medication contains 0.50 g Aspirin.
_3_ D.
A bottle contains 1.5 L of water. LecturePLUS Timberlake
6
Learning Check Select the unit you would use to measure A. Your height 1) millimeters 2) meters 3) kilometers B. Your mass 1) milligrams
2) grams
3) kilograms
C. The distance between two cities 1) millimeters 2) meters 3) kilometers D. The width of an artery 1) millimeters 2) meters LecturePLUS Timberlake
3) kilometers 7
Solution A. Your height 2) meters B. Your mass 3) kilograms C. The distance between two cities 3) kilometers D. The width of an artery 1) millimeters LecturePLUS Timberlake
8
Learning Check Indicate the prefix to use for 1. A mass that is 1000 times greater than 1 gram 1) kilo
2) milli
3) mega
2. A length that is 1/100 of 1 meter? 1) deci
2) centi
3) milli
3. A unit of time that is 1/1000 of a second. 1) nanosecond 2) microsecond 3)millisecond LecturePLUS Timberlake
9
Solution 1. 1) kilo 2. 2) centi 3. 3) millisecond
LecturePLUS Timberlake
10
Equalities State the same measurement in two different units length 10.0 in. 25.4 cm
LecturePLUS Timberlake
11
Some Metric Equalities Length 1m
=
100 cm
Mass 1 kg
=
1000 g
Volume 1L
=
1000 mL
LecturePLUS Timberlake
12
Learning Check A. 1000 m = 1 ___ 1) mm
2) km
3) dm
B.
0.001 g = 1 ___ 1) mg
2) kg
3) dg
C.
0.1 L = 1 ___ 1) mL
2) cL
3) dL
D.
0.01 m = 1 ___ 1) mm
2) cm
3) dm
LecturePLUS Timberlake
13
Solution A. 1000 m = 1 ___ 2) km B.
0.001 g = 1 ___ 1) mg
C.
0.1 L = 1 ___ 3) dL
D.
0.01 m = 1 ___ 2) cm LecturePLUS Timberlake
14
Learning Check Give the value of the following units: A. 1 kg = ____ g 1) 10 g 2) 100 g
3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = ____ m 1) 0.001 m 2) 0.01 m
3) 0.1 m
LecturePLUS Timberlake
15
Solution A. 1 kg = ____ g 3) 1000 g
B. 1 mm = ____ m 1) 0.001 m
LecturePLUS Timberlake
16
Some American Equalities 1 ft
=
1 lb
=
1 quart
=
1 quart
=
inches 16 oz pints 4 cups
Why are the quantities in each pair equal? LecturePLUS Timberlake
17
Some American Equalities 1 ft
=
12 inches
1 lb
=
16
1 quart
=
2 pints
1 quart
=
4 cups
oz
The quantities in each pair give the same measured amount in two different units. LecturePLUS Timberlake
18
Some Metric-American Equalities 1 in.
=
2.54 cm
1 qt
=
946 mL
1L
=
1.06 qt
1 lb
=
454 g
1 kg
=
2.20 lb
Remember these for exams. LecturePLUS Timberlake
19
Equalities given in a Problem Example 1 At the store, the price of one pound of red peppers is $2.39. Equality: 1 lb red peppers
=
$2.39
Example 2 At the gas station, one gallon of gas is $1.34. Equality: 1 gallon of gas LecturePLUS Timberlake
=
$1.34 20
Conversion Factors Fractions in which the numerator and denominator are quantities expressed in an equality between those units Example:
1 in. = 2.54 cm
Factors:
1 in. 2.54 cm
and
LecturePLUS Timberlake
2.54 cm 1 in. 21
Learning Check Write conversion factors that relate each of the following pairs of units: A. Liters and mL B. Hours and minutes D. Meters and kilometers LecturePLUS Timberlake
22
Solution A. quarts and mL 1L and 1000 mL
1 L = 1000 mL 1000 mL 1L
B. hours and minutes 1 hr = 60 min 1 hr and 60 min 60 min 1 hr C. meters and kilometers 1 km = 1000 m 1 km and 1000 m 1000 m 1 km LecturePLUS Timberlake
23
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