Maung Soe Chain

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

1

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

armifpk;d csdef

aoG;yifv,f ESifh

tjcm;0wˆKwdkrsm;

2

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

pmtkyr f w S w f rf;

armifpdk;csdef aoG ; yif v ,f ES i h f tjcm;0wˆ K wd k r sm; rlydkif opP m awmf v S e f a &; pmaywk d u f tkyfa& 1000 xkwfa0ESpf 2009 ck E S p f puf w if b m yHkESdyf xk d i f ; Ed k i f i H - rJ a qmuf jzef@csd opP m awmf v S e f a &; pmaywk d u f

3

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

xk w f a 0ol r sm; pm&if ;

*syef - wdu k sKd rS cif (uk;d oH;k vH;k ) rjzLjzLrGef ESifh *syef - &SpDd t k u kd m rS opömtiftm;pk0if ESpOf ;D jzpfonfh ukpd ikd ;f avmifred ;f ouf uk0d if;jrihOf ;D

4

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

aus;Zl ; wif rS w f w rf ; v$ m

aoG;yifv,f 0wˆKwdkpkpnf;r_ukd xkwfa0&mwGif trSma&;ay;cJhonfh q&m armifpGrf;&nfESihf rsufESmzHk;vuf&mukd zefwD;cs,fr_ef;onfh yef;csDq&m ukdoD[armifarmif/ pmtkyjf yifqifay;aom ukx d eG ;f atmif(ukpd ;kd )wd@k tm; txl;yif aus;Zl;wifa=umif; tav;euf azmfjytyfygonf? xdek nf;wl vGecf o hJ nhf 2008 uwnf;u t&if;tES;D rwnf+yD; xkwaf 0&ef óupm; cJah omfvnf; ta=umif;a=umif;a=umihf T0wˆKwdpk pk nf;r_udk rxkwaf 0Ekid cf o hJ jzihf arwWm&yfcH awmif;yefcJh&onfh *syef(wdkusKd)rS cif(udk;oHk;vHk;)/ rjzLjzLrGefESihf udkpdkif;avmifrdef;ouf wd@k tm;vnf;aumif;/ atmifatmifjrifjrif xkwaf 0jzpf&eftwGuf vufwavmvdt k yfcsufudk ulnDjznfhpnf;cJhonf@ ukd0if;jrifhOD;tm; vnf;aumif;/ ar#mfvifhcsufuif;pGm av;a,muf tiftm;jzihf pkpnf; xkwaf 0ay;cJ=h uonht f wGuf aus;Zl;wifIrqH;k a=umif; azmfjyjcif;jzihf rSwfwrf;wiftyfygonf/ ArmpmayavmuxJwGif rdcifwkdif;jynf.jynfyY pma&;q&m wpfa,mufjcif;. 0wˆKwdrk sm;ukjd zpfap/ pma&;q&mrsm;. 0wˆKwdv k uf&mrsm;ukyd ifjzpfap pkpnf;xkwaf 0r_@rSm r&Sdoavmuf &Sm;yg;aeonfhtcdkufwGif xkwfa0ol/ pmcspfol/ rdwfaqGrsm;taejzifh tcGihf ta&;w&yfukd vufvGwfrcHyJ xkwfa0cJhonhftwGufvnf; tH=oav;pm;jcif;ESihftwl =unfEl;0rf;omcJh&ygonf? onhftwGuf xyfrHI aus;Zl;wifpum; qdkyg&ap? ?

armifpdk;csdef pma&;ol -o*kwf 27/ 2009

5

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

armifpdk;csdef wdkuf}uD;òrdŒe,f &if;wdkufuGif;wdkufe,f? acsmif;usKd;aus;&GmwGif tz OD;csdef/ trd a':odkif;òcHwkd@u 1949/ rwfv 14 wGif arG;zGm;onf? trnf&if; OD;atmifjrifhpdk;jzpfonf? awmfvSefa&;orm;/ EdkifiHa&;orm;jzpfcJhol/ ukefonf/ v,form;jzpfco hJ /l pmaytEkynm rsK;d aphcsay;cJo h /l zcifukd *k%ðf yaomtm;jzifh tzemrnfudk,lum “armifpdk;csdef” uavmiftrnfudkwyfcJhonf? qif;&J v,form;rS arG;zGm;vmcJo h ?l arG;csi;f av;a,mufteuf 'kw, d ? jynfwiG ;f ppfumv t&if;&Siaf cwfEiS hf zufqpfppftkyfpkacwfwGif v,form;/ tvkyform;/ ausmif;q&m/ EdkifiHa&;orm;/ vufeufudkif awmfvSefa&;wGif yg0ifcJhol? armifpdk;csdeftjyif zvHk- atmifjrifhpdk;/ oufudkudk/ pdk;jrifh=unf/ xGef;vif;atmif/ at;jrESif;&nf/ xl;wifh ponfh uavmifcGJrsm;ESifh pma&;cJhol æ 1973/ ar xkwf “±kyf&Siftðraw” r*~Zif;wGifazmfjycH&onfh “ tEkynmqdkonfrSm ” tzGifhuAsmonf yHkESdyfpmvHk;jzifh pwifazmfjycH&onfh uAsmjzpfonf? aiGwm&D/ rdk;a0pmayr*~Zif;/ ±_r0/ aomif;ajymif;axGvm/ *Dwya'om/ [efopf/ tdyfrufzl; r*~Zif;wdk@wGif 0wˆKESifh uAsmrsm;a&;cJhonf? 79 ckESpfrsm;wGif tpOfwpdkufa&;cJhaom r*~Zif;rSm rdk;a0pmayr*~Zif; jzpfonf? xm;0,faumvdyf r*~Zif;wGif t,f'Dwm/ xkwfa0oljzpfcJh? ppftm%m&Sifpepf qef@usif ±kef;uefonfh 1974 ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_/ 75 tvkyform; v_y&f mS ;r_wiG yf g0ifco hJ ?l 1977 rS 1989 txd &efuek w f uUov kd (f yifr)/ vkyo f m;rsm;aumvdy/f jrpf}uD;em; 'D*&DaumvdyfESifh xm;0,faumvdyfwdk@wGif '\eduaA'Xme q&mtjzpf pmoifcJhol? 88 ta&; awmfyHkumv wuUodkvfESifh aumvdyfausmif;q&mrsm; or*~wGif tr_aqmiftzGJ@0if? vkyfom;rsm; aumvdyf ausmif;om;or*~zGJ@pOfu yg0ifcJhol? Auo“vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD”udk xlaxmif pOf EdkifiHa&; OD;aqmiftzGJ@Y tzGJ@acgif;aqmiftjzpf wifajr‡mufjcif;cH& (88-89)? vufeufudkif awmfvSefa&;xJ yg0ifcJh (1989 Zlvdkif 27) “pmayESifh tEkynm&Sifrsm;uvyf ” udk rme,fyavmwGif zGJ@pnf;=upOf taxGaxG twGif; a&;rSL;tjzpf wifajr‡mufjcif;cH& (1991 azazmf0g&D 28)? pmayuvmyfu opPm&DAsL;xkwfa0pOf wm0efcHt,f'Dwm/ t,f'DwmtzGJ@0iftjzpf aqmif&GufcJhol (1991-1992)? tar&duefodk@ a&muf vmpOf(1994/ 'DZifbm) uAsm/ 0wˆK/ aqmif;yg;wdk@udk a&;om;xkwfa0cJh? a&;om;xkwfa0cJhonfh uAsmpmtkyfrsm;rSm udk,fpm;ðy usnfzl;awG (1991)? vSyaom aoewfoH(1998)? rkefwdkif; rD;awmif awG(1999 Zefe0g&D)? cHppfaEG xdktvS (1999 'DZifbm)? tcspfvrif; (2002 'DZifbm)? xdk@aemuf opPm ysm;&nfpufawGEiS hf tjcm;0wWKrsm;(2003 rwfv)? aemuf qufvufxw k af 0rnfh pmtkyrf sm;rSm aEGOD;xdk;ppf æ okd@ æ tvGrf; (uAsm)? Armjynf ajr,mjy\em (ppfwrf;)? 'Drdkua&pD ckcHawmfvSefppf (aqmif;yg;aygif;csKyf) wdk@jzpfonf? “ ArmjynftrsKd;om; vli,frsm;tzGJ@csKyf (tar&duef)” tzGJ@tpnf;wGif EdkifiHa&;tzGJ@/ tzGJ@acgif;aqmiftjzpf (2000 rS ,ck txd)/ opPmawmfvSefa&; pmayr*~Zif;wGif wm0efcHt,f'Dwm (2004 rS ,ckxd)aqmif&GufqJ? 6

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

rmwd u m '*kefwm&m æ 0wˆKoabmw&m; armifpGrf;&nf æ trSm pma&;ol. æ trSm 1? vdu k cf yhJ g&ap uku d dk æ 2? nrsm;ukd jzwfoef;jcif; æ 3? aoG;yifv,f æ 4? tcspw f @dk . aumuf±;kd tdrf æ 5? azazhtwGuf æ +yD;awmh æ 6? roef;. ppfa&;'Dru kd a&pD æ 7? ta&SŒbufurf;odk@ wifydk@jcif; æ 8? arSmv f ufyikd &f iS f æ 9? yGifhaºuGawmu yef;av;yGifh æ 10? wdrfwkdufawGxJu rD;v#H æ 11? tarSmifn. rD;yGifhrsm; æ 12? ol&aJ umif;. n æ 13? wap>trd rf uf æ 14? emwm&Snf æ 15? tarG æ 16? opPmysm;&nfpufawG æ 17? ESi;f 0wf&nf æ

7

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

'*kew f m&m. 0wˆKoabmw&m; (u) pma&;q&mrsm; bma=umifh pma&;=uovJ[laom ykp>monf pdwf0ifpm;zG,f aumif; ayonf? pma&;q&mrsm;. b0ukd avhvmv#if ,if;tajz vrf;a=umif;onf &Si;f vif;jywfom; vmayrnf? pma&;q&m. b0qdk&mY vlr_qufqHa&;b0ukd qdkjcif;jzpfayonf? aiGa=u;twGuf a&;om;=uoavm? tbd"rRmq&m}uD; um;vrwfu pma&;&ef twGuf touf&iS &f efjzpfI touf&iS &f eftwGuf pma&;&ef r[kwaf y[k qdb k ;l onf? pma&;v#if aiGa=u;&&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; aiGa=u;&&eftwGuf pma&;&rnf r[kwaf y[k t"dyg` ,x f u G o f nf? wu,f vufawG@rsm;ukd=unhfu pma&;q&mrsm;Y trsKd;rsKd;aom &nf&G,fcsufrsm;ukd awG@& ayonf? pma&;q&mwdkif; aiGa=u;twGuf[k rqdkEkdifay? Ú Ú Ú Ú Ú tEkynmY tajccHtcsufrSm ‘azmfjyr_’ jzpfonf? pma&;q&monf pma&;&mY rdrd &ifwGif;Y&Sdaom a0'emukd azmfxkwf jyovdkufjcif;jzpfonf? ,if;ukd azmfjyr_[k ac:=uonf? pma&;q&mrsm; a&;=uaom pmayrsm; wckESihfwck jcm;em;=uonf? uGJjym;=uonf? tqif taoG; rwl=uonf qdkonfrSm ,if;pma&;q&m toD;oD;. vlr_qufqHa&; b0rsm; rwl=u aoma=umifh jzpfayonf? ,if;od@k pma&;q&mrsm;. vlrq _ ufqaH &;b0rsm; rwl=uaoma=umihf olwdk@. cHpm;r_ a0'emrsm;vnf; rwl=uawmhay? cHpm;r_ a0'emukd a&;xkwaf om tEkynm yHo k ¿mefrsm;vnf; rwl=uawmhay? oZifoif;jyefawmh - pm 255/ 256

(c) pma&;q&monf pmayw&yfukd zGJ@EGJ@&mY ol.cHpm;r_/ ol.b0tawG@tóuH/ olae aom ywf0ef;usif/ oljzwfoef;aom acwfwkd@ukd azmfjy+rJjzpfonf? cHpm;r_ukd azmfjyjcif;xuf b0tawG@tóuHukd azmfjyjcif;u us,fjyef@onf? olaeaom ywf0ef;usifukd o±kyfazmfv#if ydkI us,fjyef@onf? oljzwfoef;aom acwfukd azmfjyv#ifum; tus,fjyef@qHk; jzpfawmhonf? acwfukdazmfjy&mY pma&;q&mwa,mufonf acwfwacwfvHk;ukd jynfhpHkatmif jc,fa&;Ekid rf nf r[kwaf y? acwf. ta&;awmfyrkH sm;Y ud, k w f ikd u f , dk u f s yg0ifaom olwa,muf jzpfonfxm;OD; olonf ta&;awmfy. kH ae&mtm;vH;k Y wòydief ufwnf; yg0ifEidk o f nf r[kwaf y? 8

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

olyg0ifaom ta&;awmfyHk. wae&m/ wa'o/ odk@r[kwf wv$m/ wXmeYomv#if yg0ifEkdifay vdrfhrnf? odk@aomf ta&;awmfyHkw&yfvHk; òcHiHkrdatmifum; ol. tawG@tóuHukd rlwnfI tjcm;olrsm;/ tjcm;a'o/ tjcm;XmerS tjzpftysufrsm;ukdyg pkaqmif;I o±kyfazmf&ayrnf? acwf. ta&;awmfyrkH sm;Y uk, d w f idk u f , kd u f s yg0ifaom pma&;q&mrsm;u bufpkH a&;Ekid =f uv#if um; olw@dk . toD;oD;aom yHu k m;csyrf sm;ukd pkaygi;f qufpyfum a&mifpkH zefp/D rSepf D jrifuiG ;f us,f eH&Hum;csyf}uD; wcktjzpf/ ordkif;0if &opmay/ o±kyfazmfpmaytjzpf zwf±_ Ekdif=uayvdrfhrnf? Ú Ú Ú Ú Ú ‘pma&;q&monf &mZ0ifq&m r[kwf&’ [laom t,ltqw&yf &Sdonf? u|eaf wmfw@kd u pma&;q&monf ‘&mZ0ifq&m’[k ,lqonf? ,ae@acwfopfY Ttcsuo f nf ydkIcdkifrmvmonf? ,ae@acwfopfum; awmfvSefa&;acwf jzpfonf? awmfvSefa&;acwf jzpfojzifh awmfvSefa&;tiftm;ESihf awmfvSefa&; qef@usifbuf tiftm;wdk@onf tiftm;csif; òydifvsuf&Sd=uonf? u|efawmfwdk@onf rnfonhf tiftm;zufu &yf=urnfenf;? awmfvSefa&; qef@usib f ufEiS fh awmfveS af &;buf/ ppfzufEiS fh +ird ;f csr;f a&;buf? rnfonfb h ufu &yf=urnfenf;? "e&SifbufrS pma&;q&mrsm;onf &mZ0ifukd vdrf&ef óud;pm;=uonf? jynfolwkd@. awmfveS af &;tcef;ukd zH;k uG,=f uonf? zH;k uG,I f r&v#if arS;rSed &f ef óud;pm;=uonf? yHyk ef;zsuI f =oZmcs=uonf? xkt d cg &mZ0ifudk vdrv f nf&efóud;pm;=uaom awmfveS af &; qef@usib f uf tiftm;pk rsm;ESihf zufòydifI jynfolwkd@. awmfvSefa&;(0g)trsKd;om; vGwfvyfa&;/ 'Drdkua&pDa&;/ +idrf;csrf; a&;/ qd&k , S v f pfa&; v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;ukd rSww f rf;wif&ef vdv k mayonf? xd@k a=umihyf ifv#if awmfveS f a&;acwfY pma&;q&m/ txl;ojzihf acwfukdo±kyfazmfaom 0wˆKa&;q&monf jynfol@bufrS &mZ0ifa&;ol(0g) vlr_a&;&mZ0ifq&mvnf; jzpf&ayrnf? oZifoif;jyefawmh - pm 292/ 293/ 294 (*) 0wˆKukd tuJjzwf=u&mYum; b0 tawG@tóuHrsm;ESihf n‡d=unhf=u&onf? &mZ0if acwfESihf qef;ppf=uonf? o±kyfazmfbufuvm;? pdwful;,OfuJovm;? obm0usvGef; aeovm;? b,fvlwef;pm;bufu &yfwnfovJukdum; rarh=u? rnfonhftiftm;pkukd tusKd;ðyovJ? wcgw&H 0wˆKwyk'w f nf;ESifh tcsed u f ek o f mG ;awmhonf? 0wˆKrmS acwfux dk if[yfay&m u|efawmfwdk@onf tjyifbufrS tajctaeukd 0wˆKxJrSm &Sm=u&onf? wae@wae@ vkyfp&m r&So d jzihf pmukd txyfxyfzwfxm;rd=uonf? pmvH;k aemufrS tbd"rRmonf ajy;IrvGwaf wmh? pma&;q&m. &ifckefoHukd pmvHk;rSwqifh prf;rd=uonf? pmzwfolukd vdrfIr&? oZifoif;jyefawmh - pm 231 9

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

(C) pma&;q&monf ta=umif;t&mESihf tEkynm yHko¿mefjy\emukd ajz&Sif;ae=u &onf? ta=umif;t&mopfw&yfukd udkifvmv#if ,if;ESihfoifhawmftHusrnfh tEkynm yHo k ¿mefudk &Sm&p+rJjzpfonf? tHusatmif cufcufccJ /J od@k r[kwf tvG,w f ul acsmacsmarmarm oGif;&onf? cufcufcJcJ oGif;&onfhtcg vdkwdk;/ ydkavsmh? vSD;&/ jzwf&onf? Tum; obm0? vlaumif}uD;vmv#if tusu ô dk csŒJ &onf? yHu k jdk yif&onf? &Sn&f / wd&k / ðyjyif&onf? yHu k dk ajymif;ay; &onf? ta=umif;t&mopfI yHko¿mefopf&onf qdkonfrSm ,if;oabmrsKd;jzpfonf? acwftajctaeukd ay:vGix f if&mS ;atmif azmfjyrnfqakd omfvnf; ,if;ESiv fh u kd af om yHo k ¿mefudk &Sm&p+rJjzpfonf? acwftajctae[laom ta=umif;t&m. ae&mu}uD;I 0ifvm oavmuf Zmwfvrf;ae&mukd vS;D &/ jzwf&/ vkyyf pf&onf? av#myh pf&onf? Zmwfvrf; Zmwfuu G u f dk tom;ay;ygu rdrad zmfjycsiaf om acwftajctae(0g) Ekid if aH &; ta=umif;t&mrSm ray:bJ rSed af e wwfonf? Ú Ú Ú Ú Ú tEkynm yHo k ¿mefopfw&yfudk twnfðyay;&mum; pmzwfojl zpfonf? pmzwfou l ESpfoufvufcHv#if ,if;yHko¿mef w&yfwnf; wnf+rJcdkifrmvmayrnf? oZifoif;jyefawmh - pm 298/ 299 (i) tEkynmonf wae&mwnf;Y wef@Irae/ &SifoefpD;qif;aom obm0&Sdonf? 0wˆKonfvnf; &Sifoefaeaom pmaytEkynmjzpfonf? acwf. vdktyfcsufrsm;ESihftnD tEkynm yHko¿mefwdk@onf ajymif;vJvmp+rJ jzpfonf? ,ae@acwfY pmayonf awmfveS af &;. vufeufwckjzpfonf? 0wˆKonf ,Ofaus;r_ awmfvSefa&;Y vufeufpGrf;wck jzpfonf? oZifoif;jyefawmh - pm 296

'*k e f w m&m

10

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef atmufwdkbm 15/ 2008 acwW - tar&duefjynfaxmifpk

16

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ac:rdonf? ukdrif;vGifrdk;wJh/ udkrdk;wJh? ukdukd@ukd cspfvmcJhonfhaemuf rwwfomIom vlawGa&SŒrSm ukdrdk;[kac:vdkuf&onf? pdwfxJrawG@? pdwfxJrSm udkukdvdk@ ac:vdkuf&wmukdu pdwfxJrSm vef;qef; oGm;ovdkyJ? tcspfwkd@ jynhfESufaeonfh&ifuae zdwfv#HyJhwif vdkufonfhtoHyJjzpfrnf? ukdukd æ ukdukda& æ? ukdukd@uG,f&mrSm wdk;wdk;r#ifr#if ac:=unfhrdonfrStp ukdukdqdkonfhtoHrSm c|JEGJ@wkef,if aeavonf? ukdudkuawmh nDrav;[lIyif ac:qdkavonf? vlawGa&SŒrSmvJ cyfwnfwnfyJ nDrav;yJ? wcgwcgaAGazmufum aemufaemufajymifajymif ac:wwfao;onf? nav; æ wJ?h 'Dawmh uku d adk emf[k tH}udwfjyonf? atmufE_wfcrf;ukd zdukdufum nmvufukd auG;acgufaxmifjyvdkufonf? ukdukd@ acgif;ukdacgufvdkufr,faygh? ukdudkuawmh xHk;pHtwdkif; w[J[J &,farmaeonf? wu,fawmh eH&Hcef;qD; wckjcm;xm;±kHrSvGJI trdk;wckatmufrSm =urf;wajy;xJ aeaecJh& onf? ESpfa,muf tvkyfvkyfcsdefrSvGJvdk@ ukdudkausmif;wufcsdefrSvGJvdk@ toHukd=um;ae&onf? ±kyfukd jrifae&onf? wcgw&H ukdudku rdrdwdk@tcef;ukd apG@ceJ@a&mufvmwwfonf? tzGm;wkd@ a':av;wdk@eJ@ pum;vufqHk=uaewwfonf? tzGm;u *syefacwfwGifppfajy;=u&if; ukdukdwdk@e,fawGqD a&mufvmcJh yHkawGukdajymonf? &GmawGukda&mufoGm;awmh &Gmom;awG 0dkif;0ef;apmifha&Smuf=uyHk/ r&Sdtwl &Sdtwl 0dkif;zGJ@pm;aomuf=uyHk/ tdyfcJhaecJh=uyHkawGukdajymjyonf? ukdukdu vuf&Sdaus;&GmawGu v,form; awG&JŒ b0cHpm;r_awGukd ajymjyonf? pyg;pdkuf&if; xrif;iwfaeonfh v,form;awG ta=umif;ukd yHkajymovdk ajymjywwfonfh ukdukd? ukdukdu pDumywfuHk;zGJ@EGJ@ajymwwfonf? v,form;rsm;b0ukd ajymjywmrsm; vuf0g;ay:wifjyvdkufovdkyJ? xif;ceJ vif;ceJ&SdvSonf? rdrduvnf; awmxJ a&mufbl;olr[kwf? oref;uGufxJ eif;zdk@qdkwma0;a&m? 'gayrJh ukdukdu v,form;b0 qdkwm &Sif;jy awmh em;vnfvmonf? xifjrifvmonf? v,form;awG aoG;pkyfcs,fvS,f cH&onfukd =um;&awmh pkwfwoyfoyfjzpfum a&'D,dkxJrSm ajymjyaewJh v,form;awGeJ@rwlyHkukd cGJjcm; em;vnfvmcJhonf? oH&nfóudpufrSmvkyfaewJh azazhvdkygyJ? bmwckrS tmrcHcsufr&Sdyguvm;[k ukdudk ajymjyaeonfh v,form;awGta=umif;ukd pOf;pm;&if; E_dif;,SOf awG;=unfhrdao;onf? rd o m;pk w G i f armif E S r rsm;onh f t wG u f tzG m ;ES i h f a ':av;u rd r d u k d a c:xm;cJ h o nf ? ausmif;xm;ay;cJhonf? q,fwef;us+yD; ausmif;raeEdkifawmhI ausmif;u t+yD;xGufcJhaomfvnf; taztartdrfudkrjyefawmhyJ a':av;wkd@ESifh qufaecJhonf? &ufuef;cwfonfh tvkyfukd 0ifvkyfjzpf onf? tzGm;ukd pm;p&dwfay;cGifh&vmojzifh onftdrfrSmyJ qufae&onf? tm;emp&m r&Sdawmh? ukdukdESihf 'DtdrfrSmyJ vma&mufqHkpnf;jzpf=uonf? rdrdaexdkif&mtdrfukd yxrOD;qHk; a&mufvmcJhwJholawGu ukdudk@tpfr0rf;uGJESifhtar? aemufwESpfrSm ukdukdyg a&mufvmcJhonf? ukdukdu vkyfom;aumvdyf wwd,ESpfausmif;om;? òrdŒawmfcef;r jrLeDpy,fXmewGif pma&;tjzpf tvkyfvkyfaeol? aemufawmh ol@&JŒ ukd,fa&;&mZ0ifukd tawmf pHkpHkvifodcGifh&vmonf? ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_/ tvkyform; v_yf&Sm;r_awGrSm yg0ifcJhol jzpfIvm;rod? xdkv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;ESihf v,form;/ tvkyform;b0awG uGif;qufqufjyyHkrSm pdwf0if pm;p&m aumif;vSonf? [dkwkef;u pdwfr0ifpm;cJh rodvdkuf rodbmomyJaecJhonf? tzGm;aum a':av;yg uku d @dk udk oabmus=uonf? uku d v dk mrvnf&ifawmif “ukdrdk;a& æ 18

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

owWu d adk rG;&onf? od@k r[kwf rdu k u f ef;&onf? pGe@f pm;cJ&h onfh tdraf xmifa&;wGif awG@&cdS ikd =f unfcahJ om tcspfukd rkefwdkif;xJvGifhygroGm;atmif/ aºuGvGifhroGm;&atmif tb,fr# xdef;odrf;xm;&avrvJ? &ifarm&jyefonf? uku d u dk awmh ol@tawG;tac:twdik ;f cufc=J urf;wrf;aomb0ukd pdeaf c:aewwfo?l b0qdw k m t±_;H cHjcif;r[kwf ±ke;f uefjcif;om opPmw&m;ygu@JG æ nDrav;&JŒ[k b0uAsmrsm;ukd oD=uL; &J0Hhol? vlqdkwm rdcif0rf;xJu u|wfvGwfvm+yD;uwnf;u tqufrjywf&&SdcJhwJh wdkufyGJawGu trsm;}uD;&,f æ? obm0ab;&efwdkufyGJ/ vlwef;pm;wdkufyGJ/ ukefxkwfvkyfa&;xJuwdkufyGJ æ? tJ'DwdkufyGJawGeJ@ wnfaqmufxm;wJh awmifwef;awGukd wck+yD;wckvlawGu jzwfausmfae&wm æ? tJ'Dawmifwef;awGay:rSm nDrav;wdk@ udkukdwdk@wawGjzwfae&wm æ? tm;rav#mh&bl; æ tm;av#mh wJhvl[m ol@b0xJ t±_H;aygif;rsm;pGmu a&mufvmvdrfhr,f æ wJh? ukdukd@a=umifh tifawG tm;awG u &ifxJtonf;xJrSm jynfhodyfvmcJhonfyJ? ukdukd@pmtkyfpifxJu pmtkyfukd,lzwf=unfh&mrS cGeftm;awGvnf; &vmcJhzl;onf? uAsmawGukd cHpm;&aumif;rSef; rodcJh? uAsmu vrf;jywJhtwGuf tawG;awmtkyfawGxJ &J&Jwdk;0ifEdkifcJhonf? uAsmq&mr}uD; =unfat;. “opPmopf”ukd xyfjyef wvJvJzwf&if; tvGwf&um ukdukd@ukd&GwfjyEkdifcJhonf? “a&SŒu qdk±dk; ykd;zvHrsKd;/ rD;ukdwdk;owJh armufòzd; a&$awmif/ òrdufavmifylaEG; rD;aiG@ ay;rS / touf&&Sd u|efrcspf+rJ/ oHom0JrS cGJxGufcsifbl;/ wyfrufOD;rnf pdefjcL;=u,fwef; vjcrf;v0kdif;/ nwdkif;jrifcsif a&$pifae0ef;/ qnf;qmuGef;rS ay:,Gef;aphaph/ ae@wkdif;awG@csif axG;ayG@vifom;/ orD; om; ajr; pum;ESpfouf/ rdwfaqGbuf[k rufarmb0/ wc%vJ tvS&SmazG/ tajzawG@aomf arG@aysmf+idwG,f/ aorsKd;EG,fvJ &,f&GifcHpm;/ igvlom;[k w&m;xGef;opf/ owWdjzpf.? ” trdu k x f yd af cgif yvlaumifv@kd yq J ykd gap? tdraf xmifrb _ 0rD;awmifudk avmifòrduyf gap wd;k a0S@ rwJh? 'Dvif'Dom; orD;ajr;rsm;ESihf b0xJrSm arG@aysmf+idwG,fr,fwJh? uAsm&Gwfaeonfh rdrdukd iHk@=unfh &if; ukdukdu tHh=obeef;jzpfrdavonf? ukdudkeJ@ wGJzufEGJcsnf&r,fhc&D;rSm ukdukd@ nmbufvufarmif; ºuGufom;awG[m nDrav;&JŒ ESvHk;onf;yGwf aoG;r#ifawGxJ pD;0ifvmr,fh tm;aq;&nfawGyJ[k ajymrdonf? xdt k cg qifEmS armif;vdrk sK;d uku d @kd vufarmif;vufwaH wGu rdru d dk odr;f ayG@ xm;avonf? 20

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

Todk@jzifh tcspfvGefnrsm;ukdyg rawmfwqjzwfrdcJh=uavonf? ukdukdu ausmif;qufwufapcsifI vli,fa&;&mnausmif;wGif ausmif;jyefwufonf? tdrfaxmifonfb0 a&mufvmI quf+yD; avhvmzdk@qdkwm vG,fyghrvm;? xdk@a=umifh q,fwef;ajz&ef ausmif;wufonf? ukdukduawmh aemufqHk;ESpf? 'DESpfausmif;+yD;+yD? tdrfaxmifa&;b0qD wufvSrf;a&; twGuf eD;uyfvmae+yDqdkwmukd ukdudkausmif;wufaeonfhtwef;u jy'g;wdkifozG,f jyvmcJhonf? ar#mfvifhcsuf prf;a&tdkif tdkatppfawGukd c&D;uE Wm&xJ a0;a0;eD;eD; csrSwfxm;&onf? eufjzef r&Sad wmhonfb h 0onf aocsi;f eJ@ bmrSrjcm;awmh? od@k aomf æ od@k aomf wae@oY xdx k akd om prf;a&jym tdkatppfonf rkefwdkif;xJwGif vGifhaysmuf ysufpD;oGm;&avawmhownf; æ [lonfh 0wˆKyHkjyifed*Hk;ukd ra&;rjzpf a&;vm&awmhonf? ajrESifh aumif;uifukd ajymif;vJypfvkdufonfh ta&;awmfyHkrkefwdkif;u usa&mufvmum ukd,fwkdifa&;oDaom 0wˆK.ed*Hk;ukd acsrGvdkufavonf? odk@r[kwf qdk;qdk;0g;0g; zsufodrf; a&$Œajymif;ypfvdkufavonf? ta&;awmfyHk. wyfOD;ozG,fjzpfaom wuUodkvfausmif;om;rsm; tzGJ@tpnf;wGif ukdukd yg0ifvmcJhonf? “'g æ a&Smifvdk@r&awmhwJh awmfvSefa&;yJ nDrav;a& æ ” [k tm;wif;ay;onf? ta&;awmfyHkxJwGif 'Drdkua&pDtwGuf wkdufyGJ0ifcJhonfyJ? jyif;xefonfh aoewf'%f&ma=umifh rdrd aq;±Hkay: a&mufvmcJhonfhtxd ukdukdu twlygvmcJhao;onf? wywfausmfvmonfhumvwGif aq;±Hw k iG f twlraeEkid af wmh? uku d @dk u, dk pf m; rdwaf qGausmif;om;/ ausmif;olawGu 0dik ;f 0ef;ðypk tm;ay; cJ=h uonf? tzGm;uawmh r=unf&h ufEidk v f @kd [q k u kd m w}udryf J vm=unfEh idk o f nf? uku d @dk tpfrESifh tzGm;/ +yD;awmh a':av;/ tarESifhtazwdk@tm;vHk; aq;±kHay:wGif vlvJESifhapmifh=uonf? owd&wcsuf/ r&wcsuf? owd&vmonfhtcg aq;±Hkywf0ef;usif wcdktxd ±kdufcwfyJhwifqJ ta&;awmfyHk rkefwdkif; toHukd =um;ae&onf? ppfatmfoH? vlv_dif;vdyfatmfoH/ [pfaºuG;oHwdk@onf aq;±Hk. rsufESmusuf rsm;txd ±du k cf wfvmavonf? rke;f wD;pufqyk f xdwv f ef@aponfh aoewforH sm;u aq;±Hu k ydk g pdeaf c: +cdr;f ajcmufae+yDaum? ta&;awmfy}kH uD;xJrmS rkew f ikd ;f tao;pm;av; wckjzpfae&mrS aoewf'%f&mu aq;±Hkay:odk@ ykd@ay;vdkufaomtcg ukef;ay:a&mufvmonfh a&xJuig;ES,f aerxdawmh? tcktcg bmudkvdkcsifovJvdk@ar;&if at;at;aq;aq; jyefajzr,fhtajzum; aoewfyifjzpfonf? aoewf ay;yg/ ckcHumuG,fzdk@twGuf aoewf/ ukdukda& æ nDrtwGufyg ESpfqtvkyfvkyfyg æ [k pdwfxJu }udwfI ajymrdavonf? aq;±Hkay:rSmvnf; aoewf'%f&mawGESihf a&mufvmcJhonfh vlemawGum; jynfhv#Haeonf? ukwifrqef@/ =urf;jyif tus,ft0ef;&Sdoavmuf rqef@awmh? vlemrsm;/ tavmif; rsm;/ idkaºuG;oHrsm;/ aoG;pufpGef;ay ukwifrsm;ESihf =urf;jyifrsm;/ ysm;awGES,f acgufwkef@vl;vm ±_yfaxG; aeonfh q&m0ef q&mrrsm;? toufocifrsm;? cGyfa'gif;acgif;aygif;ESihf ausmif;om; vli,frsm;? aq;±HktwGif; ±dkufcwfwkef[nf;aeonfh rGwfodyf[pfaºuG;oHrsm;/ rdef@cGef;ajym=um;oHrsm;/ aoewfoH? xdktoHESihf ±kyfyHkwdk@onf aq;±HkwckESifhrwlawmh? ppfrkefwdkif;xJrS ocFsKdif;Z&yf}uD;wck jzpfaeonf? okd@r[kwf ta&;awmfyHk. tajccHpcef;}uD;wck jzpfvmcJhonf? ukdukdvmE_wfqufonhf aemufqHk;&uf/ aemufqHk;tcsdefukd ,ckxufwdkif owd&aeao; onf? csK+d rdev f yS onfh tcspOf ;D terf;yGiahf wG a0pnfco hJ nfah e&ufudk pGn J r‡d w S rf ad eovdyk gy?J cg;cg;oD;oD; E_wfqufterf;awGukdyg rSwfrdonf? “ukd,fjyefvmrSmyg æ pdwfwif;xm; æ opPmopf uAsmxJukd 21

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

twloGm;=u&r,f æ[kwfvm; æ”ukdukdukd,fwdkifvnf; tm;wif;xm;um ajymrdajym&m ajymae ovdkrsKd; ajymaejcif;jzpfonf? ukdukd@rsufESmukd tm;wif;um armh=unhfrdqJrSmyJ E_wfcrf;awG wqwfqwf wkef,ifaeaom ukdukd@rsufem/ aoG;a&miforf;aeaom ukdukd@rsufESmukd awG@&onf? qHpwdk@ukd oyfwifay;um ezl;ukdw,kw&erf;onf? E_wfcrf;ukdzdzdzGzGerf;onf? +yD;awmh nmbuf vufcHkukd erf;±_dufvdkufjyefonf? ukdukd@vufukd jyefI wif;wif;qkyfqGJxm;ao;onf? ukdukduvnf; wif;csnfqkyfudkifxm;onf? tcspf. t&dyfta&mifwdk@onf }udK;ESpfacsmif; csnfxm;onfhozG,f jzpfonfh cspfolESpfOD;.vufwGif oGm;Ixif[yfaeonf? ukdukdoGm;&rJhc&D;ukd aemufrus&atmif vufuadk jzvGwv f u kd af vonf? wc%wGif uku d u dk acgi;f wcsun f w d u f m ausmcdik ;f xGucf mG oGm;av onf? aq;±Hk.eH&H odk@r[kwf tarSmifxJwGif ukdukd@t&dyfu aysmufuG,foGm;onf? tarSmifxkxJ ypfv$wfvdkufonhf jrm;wacsmif;ES,fjzpfonf? raysmufrysufyJ usef&pfcJhonfht&mum; emusif a=uuGJr_awGyJ? pdwfemusifvSpGm usef&pfcJha=umif; ukdukdrodvdk@r[kwf? rdrdcHpm;&onfh yrm% twdkif;twmxuf rao;i,fvSonfh a0'em wxrf;wydk;ukd ukdukd@tonf;ESvHk;xufwGif wifum o,faqmifomG ;ayvdrrhf nf? xdt k cspf xdck pH m;r_u uku d @dk twGuf cGet f m;awG jzpfvmygap[lIom æ ? ESpfESpf=umaomtcg ukdukd@xHrS pmwapmifa&mufvmonf? ukdukdpma&;vdkufwJh&ufpGJxuf 6 v=umrS xdpk mukd zwf&onf? qufo, G &f onfrmS tawmfyifcufcrJ mS jzpfonf? &yfuu G af wGtvdu k f ajymif;a&$ŒcJ=h u&onf? òrdŒjyifo@kd ajymif;a&$Œ&rnf[al om trde@f r;kd óud;oGm;u vltm;vH;k . OD;acgi;f rsm;ukd pl;0ifypfcGJEkdifavonf? tdrfukd tcuftcJaygif;rsm;pGmxJrSmyJ ajymif;a&$ŒvmcJht+yD;rSm tzGm;u qHk;&Sm onf? xGufcGmoGm;onfh tzGm;. aemufqHk;xGufoufonf rdrdtwGuf aomuy&da'0wkd@ESifh ndae ayvdrfhrnf? ukdukd@tpfrESihftzGm;vnf; ukdudkwdk@Zmwd&Gmodk@ t+yD;ajymif;a&$@oGm;=uonf? ukdukdajym onfh wdkufyGJawGxJu tajymif;tvJrsm;onfum; axGvDvSyg.? aemufxyf oHk;ESpf=umaomtcg ukdukd@xHrS 'kwd,ay;pmukd &&SdcJhavonf? pmESihftwl ukdukd@"gwfyHkwyHkyg ygvmcJhojzifh ukdukd@±kyfvGmukd awG@&onf? 'Dw}udrfwGif ukdukd@xH pmwapmifa&;ay;vdkufonf? pm,lvmaom rdwfaqGu pma&;cGihf ay;ojzifh xkdpmukda&;vdkufonf? wdkwdkyJa&;ygqdkvdk@ twdkcsKyf+yD; a&;&onf? pmudka&;awmh &ifu Aavmifqlaeavonf? vufu wkef,ifaeonf? tH}udwfwif;um “nDrav; vdkufvmcsifw,f æ tm;vHk;oabmwlw,f æ udkukd@xHvdkufvmzdk@ toifhjyifxm;+yD;om; æ ukdukd ac:ayawmh ”[k pmwrsufESmxJrSmyif xyfjyefwvJvJa&;cJhrdonf? pm,loGm;awmhrnfh rdwfaqGukdvnf; tzefwvJvJ rSmvdkufonf? xdk&Jabmfu u|efawmfroGm;bl; æ tJ'Da'oukd jyefoGm;r,fholukd u|efawmf xyf ajymjyay;yghr,f[kajymonf? rae@wae@uyJ xdkpmukda&;cJh/ vlóuHrSmcJhojzifh &ifwGif*,ufxcJhaom v_dif;wHydk;wdk@onf +idrfoufroGm;ao;? ar#mfvifhcsuf/ qGwfysHŒaomyDwd/ ESpf&Snfvrsm;cHpm;vmcJh&onfh 'kuQa0'em/ uku d adk jymjycJo h nfh opPmopf/ uku d @dk b0/ vGwaf jrmufa&; aoewfoH æ? xdt k oHEiS fh xk±d yk yf v kH mG wd@k onf axG;vHk;&pfywf0JvSnfhum &ifwGif;wGif v_dif;tjzpf ajymif;vJvmcJhjcif; jzpfayvdrfhrnf? rD;a&mif atmufwGif ukdukd@"gwfyHkukdaphaph=unfhonf? em=unf;a=uuGJr_ESihf =unfEl;r_u &ifukd ajy;Iom ±dkufaeawmhonf? cyfrSdefrSdef cyfazsmhazsmhomvif;aom v#yfppfrD;ukdydwfvdkufonf? pdwfu rxdef;Ekdif awmh? [pfI ±_dufIom idkvdkufcsifawmhonf? rcHEdkifawmhI wrifyJydwfvdkuf&onf? v#yfppftvif; 22

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

r&SdawmhrS va&mifu jywif;aygufrS pD;qif;0ifa&mufvmavonf? wdrfr#ifjrLcsnf uif;rJhaom aumif;uifjymxJwGif v0ef;u ol@ta&miftqif;ukd twm;tqD;rJh jzef@v$wfaeonf? ukdukd"gwfyHkukd va&mifatmifwGif axmif=unfhrdjyefonf? “ukdukd&,f ” [k avoHjzifh ac:=unfhvdkufrdonf? “ukdukd=um;Ekdifygapæ” [k ajymvdkufrdavovm;yif rodvdkuf? aemufawmh "gwfyHkukd qkyfukdifxm;qJ axmifxm;aomvufukd tdyf,mcif;ay:odk@ tomt,majzv$wfcsvdkufonf? twdwfESihf a&m,Suf xm;aom tawG;xJwGif pD;ar#m ygoGm;avawmhonf? wajzajz;arS;&Dvmum rEdk;w0uf Edk;w0uf tdyfrufrufavonf? ukdudk@ukd tdyfrufwGif tjrefqHk; awG@&jyefonf? terf;ajc&mrsm; xm;cJh&m tif;vsm;uefa&pyfo@kd uku d adk c:oGm;avovm; æ? wuUov kd f y&0k%x f J a&mufomG ;avovm; æ? aq;±HkcGJpdwfcef;xJ jyefa&mufoGm;avovm; æ? r_ef0g;0g;jzpfoGm;onf? odyf+yD; r=umvdkuf tdyfcef; wHcg;0wGif ukdukdjyefa&mufvmonf? ukdudku wHcg;0wGif&yfum“nDrav; æ a[hæ nDrav;? xav vmav jrefjrefx æ nDrav; vdkufvmcsifw,fqdkvdk@ wrifwumvmac:&wm æ jrefjrefvkyf ” [k qdkum ukdudkuac:aeavonf? “ukdukda& æ vdkufrSmaygh æ c%av;apmifhaemf æ c%av;yg æ” rdrdwkef@jyefoHu wtdrfvHk;[def;nHoGm;um ol@ukdolvnf; ol@toHuyif v_yfEd_;ovdk jzpfoGm;onf? wc%rSmyif ajcoHawG=um;&onf? ukdukdxGufcGmoGm;onfh ajcoHawGrsm;avvm;? ayG@zufqx JG &l eftwGuf tdy, f mqDo@kd a&mufvmonfh ajcoHrsm;vm;? ajcoHawGu ±_yaf xG;oGm;onf? Za0Z0g jzpfukefonf? “[JhorD; æ [Jh [Jh/ rdrd æ owdxm;avorD;&JŒ æ owdxm;? orD;bmawG tdyfruf rufaewmvJ æ/ tvef@w=um;uG,f owdxm;ygOD;orD;&,f æ ” a':av;vm;/ araryJvm; æ tajy;a&mufvmum v#yfppfrD;ukdzGifhonf? w0uf[aeaom tdrfcef;wHcg;ukd qGJzGifh? pdwfuvGwfjrefaeonf? b0. awmif;qdkr_u pdwfukdtvsifjzpfapum v#yfppft[kefxuf jrefxufaom pdwfukd jyef+yD;rxdef;Ekdifawmh? ukdukdvmac:ae+yD æ qdkwJh tdyfruf jrLr_efxJu tawG;ESihfyif tdyf,mxJrS vl;vJ+yD;x&yfonf? v#yfppfrD; vif;vmawmh ajcwvSrf;ckef+yD; a&SŒukd wd;k xGurf v d suo f m; jzpfaeonf? csKid ;f axmufudk ,lz@kd yif owdr&awmh? a':av;ESihf tarha&SŒrSm yif =urf;jyifay:odk@ òydvJusoGm;onf? yHkvsufom;jzpfoGm;onf? usKd;jywfoGm;aom t±kyfuav;ukd arara&mufvmum xlxay;onf? wGJxlonf? “jzpf&av orD;&,f æ ”[k wzGzGwwdk;wdk; &Gwfae avonf? a':av;u rdrdacgif;&if;bufwGif axmifxm;aom nmbuf ajcwacsmif;jywftwGuf csKdif;axmufukd ,lvmcJhonf? rdrcd sKid ;f axmufurdk ,lyJ tdy, f mqDo@kd aemufqw k af &GŒvmcJo h nf? tdyrf ufrufwm xifwmyJ æ [k emusirf _ &Supf w d jf ziffh ajymrdajym&m ajymrdonf? rD;ydwcf hJ æ ararwd@k a':av;wd@k oGm;=uawmh[k æ vnf; ajymrdonf? olwdk@ xGufoGm;=upOfrSmyJ va&mifatmufwGif idkcsvdkufonf? ukdukd@ awmfvSef a&;orm;±kyfyHkukd va&mifvif;vufatmufwGif iHk@=unfhrdonf? ukdudk@±kyfykHvGmu pdkpGwfrsuf&nfwdk@ESifh a00g;aeavonf? Ò Ò Ò ar/29 / 2003 opPmtrSwf(1) ar/ 2004 23

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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armifpdk;csdef

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abmif;bDyg;yg;vsvs/ avsmh&J&JuvGJvdk@ olr cE<mudk,fay:wGif bmrS tumtuG,f r&Sdawmh? 0wfvpfpvpf? rvH@k wvHk atmufcaH bmif;bDwiG f a':vmaiG puULrsm;u oD;aeonf? jymwvJS@/ 0gwvSJ@/ eDwvSJ@/ rD;a&mifatmufwGif aw;oGm; tvdkuf ucsdK;trsdK;rsdK; ajymif;oGm;um tuudk zefqif;/ umrudk jr‡LqG,f&onf? yk&dowdk@. &m*pdwfudk Ekd;ºuGyl&Sdef;vmatmif jr‡L&/ uvl& onf? t&ufcdk;wdk@jzifh &Da0aeaom ouf}uD; &G,t f akd wGuykd gawG@awmh xyf+yD;tH=h o&jyefonf? 'Dt&yfa'oudk bma=umifhvmcJh&wmvJ? bm a=umifha&mufvmcJh&wmvJ? vlr_aA'todu usaemfhrSm usOf;ajrmif;vGef; aeovm;rodawmh? tm;vHk;udk &mZ0wfaumifawGtjzpf tjypfawGyJ jrifaerdawmhonf? uufoDu wdkifudkzuf/ a¹rG waumif v k d aZmuf x k d ; wjznf ; jznf ; yG w f + yD ; pD;qif; æ / cg;udk aumhvefauG;nGw/f tbk;d }uD;xH wa&GŒa&GŒwdk;oGm;/ wGJ&&GJusqif;aeaom &ifom; tpHkudk vufESpfzufjzifh r˜um tbdk;}uD;rsufESm ESifh xdyGef;vdkufonf? oHk;puUef@r# &Sdvdrfhrnf? tbk;d }uD;vufxJrS a':vm aiGpuULacgufonf uufoD. abmif;bD om;a&uGif;wGif csdwf+yD; ygvmcJhonf? wdyfacGjzifh zGifhxm;aom oDcsif;udk +yD;onftxd apmifh&vdrfhrnf? ighES,f jzpf&av jcif;[k æ woo &ifwGif;rSm ajymaerdonf? nuvyf. azmufonfawG aeyHx k idk yf kH ae&m,lykH ud k tuJ c wf + yD ; wmES i f h xd k i f c H k v G w f w ck w G i f 0if x d k i f v d k u f o nf ? wu,f u nuvyf t a=umif;udk nuvyfuyJ oifay;wmygy?J uufoD ,ckvkd 0ifxikd v f u kd w f mudk awG@omG ;+yDvm;? umr &m*pdwu f dk cyf±ikd ;f ±dik ;f ndK‡ Œac:&ma'o cHjk rifx h ufrS uufoD qif;vmum usaemfhxHodk@ vmaejcif; jzpfonf[k xifcJhrdonf? wu,fu usaemf a&mufaerSef; odrSmawmifr[kwf? xkdifcHk q,fcHk 27

armifpdk;csdef

pmr#wif csxm;onf ? uk v m;xd k i f w ef ; &J @ yxrqH k ; xd y f u vl & J Œ rsuf E S m ay:ud k twG , f twmrJh &ifom;ESpfr$mESifh xdawG@yGwfoyf acsmhjrL ay;vdkufonf? uufoDu &m*txdtawG@udk ay;um aiGu, kd o l nf? aiGtrJvu kd o f rm; uufoD yk&do}uD;i,fwdk@u ±_d;*Jvfr,f Áwˆd,uufoD xH r S &m*txd t awG @ umrtaiG @ touf u d k &,lum aiGa=u;wefz;kd udk ay;acsonf? &m* trJ vdkufyk&do? pdwftyef;ajzr_vm; pdwf"mwftm; opf avmif;yGJvm;? cspfol(odk@r[kwf) ZeD;r&SdI tpm;xkd; cHpm;jcif;vm;? umr taiG@toufukd &,lum aiGa=u;wdk@vJvS,fzvS,f&m aps;uGuf yk&doESifhÁwWd,wdk@. yÉdyuQppfyGJudk cif;usif; jyojcif;yJvm;? tawG;xJepfoGm;vdkuf/ ay:vm vdkuf/ &ifu w'def;'def;ckefjrnfaeonf? rsufESm wckvHk; yl&Sdef;xltef;vmonf? &Suf&GHŒwkefv_yf r_u tcdk;taiG@ysHum &if&JŒteuf±d_if;qHk; axmifh wae&mrSm wpdrphf rd phf ;D xGuaf eovdyk gy?J u|eaf emfh wa,muf a usmf u vl & J @ aygif a y:rS m uuf o D xdkifcsvdkufonf? +yD;awmh uufoDuyif xkdvl. vnfwdkifukd okdif;zufxm;vdkufonf? xdkol. rsuEf mS u uufo&hD ifciG x f J &ifom;ESprf m$ xJ wk;d 0if epfjrKyfoGm;onf? xdkolum; ,pfrl;&Da0 oGm;av +yDvm;yifrod? “uufoD æ a[m'DrSm t æ abmhAf ay;vdkufwJhpmyJ? eifhudkvmac:wm? eifhorD;av; aovke;D yg; cHpm;ae&w,f? tdrjf yef=upd@k æ eifu h kd apmifhae=uav&JŒ? tjrefjyefrS aumif;vdrfhr,f ” “[if æ &Siu f abmhA&f ŒJ rdwaf qG atmif r[kwfvm; ” usaemf h a &S @ wnf h w nf h u d k uuf o D a&mufvm+yD; olr&ifom;ESifh ryGwfoyf rwdk@xd ao;rD taqmwvsif vufOD;r_,lum olrudk pum;vnf;ajym/ pmvnf;ay;vdu k &f onf? pmudk rzwfawmhbJ vufxrJ mS qkyn f p‡ x f m;vdu k o f nf? 28

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ig;puUef@r# =umvdrfhrnf? +idrfouf cE<mudk,fudk v_yfvdkufum cg;udkwqpfcsdK;n$wfauG;+yD; usaemfh rsufESmqDodk@ olursufESm wdk;uyfvmonf? +yD;awmh wkd;uyfpGmajymonf? 'DoDcsif; +yD;wmeJ@ usr vdkufcJhyghr,f? tjyifu apmifhaeygaemf æ qdk+yD; awmif;yefoHESifh ajymonf? aumufumiifumx+yD; usaemf xGuf vmcJhonf? nuvyf. jyifywGif vlajcwdwfp ðyae+yD? yk&dowdk@. umr&ifckefoH pnf;csuf twdkif; nuvyf *DwAHkoHu pnf;csuf csay; aeonf? *D w oH p Of u nuvyf . jyif y od k @ cyfwdk;wdk; pdrfhxGufvmaeonf? uufoDxGufvmonfESifh usaemfhum; &Sd&mqDodk@ usaemfoGm;ESifhonf? usaemfh aemuf ausmbuf w G i f ol r ygvmcJ h o nf ? um;wH c g; zGifh+yD;onfESifh pD;u&ufudk E_wfquf ±d_uf,l vdu k o f nf? um;udk armif;xGuv f mcJph Of t&ufe@H / pD;u&ufeJ@/ pl;&S&S a&ar$;eH@wdk@u usaemfhtm; rl;a0 aemufusdapavonf? “ 'Dae&mudk atmif t&ifu a&mufcJh zl;vm; ” “ 'gyxrqHk;ygyJ? b,fuvyf b,f bm;udkrS igroGm;cJhbl;? eifwkd@rdom;pkudk cifrifvdk@ igulnD&if; rawmfwq 'Dudka&mufvmcJhwm? rjzpfraevmcJh&vdk@ a&mufcJh&wm? “aqm&D;yJ atmif/ &SifhtwGuf usr pdwfraumif; ygbl;av ” 'DtjyifbmrS pum;p&Smr&? E_wfqdwf vmcJh=uonf? pufqkyfrowDonfh yHkyef;rsdK; ray:oGm;atmif usaemfu tpGrf;ukef zHk;zdxm;& onf? olruawmh usaemfhpdwfudk &dyfrdyHk &ae ovdyk ?J xd@k a=umifyh if jzpfrnf? usaemfu h kd uufoD tm;emem &Su&f ŒHG &GŒH jzpfaeonf? pum;awG azmif rzGJ@Edkifawmh? nuvyf. a':vmrkqdk;[k usaemf xifjrifcrhJ jd cif;u rSm;oGm;+yDvm;? usaemf ar;vdu k f

armifpdk;csdef

csifonf? ta&;w}uD; ar;cGef;awGu [dk; æ &ifacgi;f qDrS xGuv f mcJah omfvnf; E_wzf sm;a&muf awmh aysmuf&S v$ifhpifoGm;onf? uufoDukd 'D vkyfief;udk vkyf&wm pdwfESpf+cdKuf rdygovm;/ aysmyf g; tm;&ygovm;/ 'gukd ar;=unfhcsifonf? wu,fvkd@ olru acgif;udk twGifwGifcg&rf;um rsuv f ;kH tdrx f w J iG f rsu&f nf rsm;a0h0v J m+yDqv kd #if æ usaemf em;vnfoGm;rSm jzpfonf? ,ckxd ar;cGe;f u &ifrw S qifh E_wcf rf;wGif qG@H taeonf? 'DavmufvJ r±dik ;f ysoifb h ;l [k usaemfu h , dk u f saemf jyefqHk;r&onf? a0zefa&; vkyf,l&onf? uufoDtdrfodk@ ra&mufrDuwnf;u rD;a&mif+ydK;jyufaeonfh aq;±Hkum;udk vSrf;awG@ &onf? um;&yfonfESihfum;ay:rS tajy;tv$m; qif; tdrfwHcg;wGef;zGifh tdrfxJ uokwfu&uf 0ifoGm;=uonf? orD;av;tavmif;udk t0wf jzLESifhxkyf&ef toifhjyifxm;=u+yD;om; jzpfae onfudk awG@&onf? aq;±Hk tvkyform;rsm;u tvk y f ± _ y f a e=uonf ? abmh A f u uuf o D u d k vSrf;=unfh&if; rsuf&nfpufrsm; pD;oG,fusvm aeonf? ol@E_wfcrf;udk zdudkufxm;aomfvnf; E_ w f c rf ; awG u wqwf q wf v _ y f a eonf ? uufoDrSm uav;tavmif;&Sd&modk@ a&mufvm onfESifh ‘orD; ±dkpDa&’[k wcsuf atmf[pf&if; ±d_ufoHeifhueJ idkcsvdkufonf? ‘a[m'DrSm ±dkpDh twGuf aiGawG æ ’[k xyf+yD;[pfaºuG;um olr vufxrJ mS qkyn f p‡ v f ;kH acsxm;+yD;om; aiGpuULxkyf udk uav;&iftHkay:odk@ jzef@}uJv$wfcsvkdufonf? tonf;ESvHk; usdK;a=u pdwfr$m aygufuGJ vGrf; qGwfzG,f idkaºuG;oHawGu tdrfcef;wckvHk;udk v$r;f oGm;onf? olw@kd o;kH OD;ud=k unfu h m usaemfyg qdk@eifha=uuGJ vmaerdawmhonf? ‘tarwm0efrausygbl; orD;&,f æ orD;u uHqdk;rav;yg æ’qdkonfh uufoD. pum;vHk;awGu pufqkyfaerdonfh usaemfh&ifudk

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

vmI xd r S e f a vonf ? abmh A f u uuf o D x H a&mufvmum tomt,m az;r wGJac:oGm; onf? usaemfu aq;±Ht k vkyo f rm;rsm; tavmif; xkyfydk; aq;±HkvSnf;ay: wifaeonfudk 0dkif;0ef; vkyfay;aerdonf? aq;±Hkwm0efcHu abmhAfudk ac:+yD; toifh,lvmonfh pm&Gufrsm;ay:wGif a&;cd k i f ; vuf r S w f x d k ; cd k i f ; onf ? abmh A f u ‘igpmrSrwwfbJ ’ [k wcsufyJ jyefajymEdkifonf? wDaumifudk qm;eJ@yufovdk usaemfh cE<mudk,f onf wcsuf v_ y f w G e f @ oG m ;onf ? abmh A f v d k pmrwwfwJhvlawG b,favmufrsm;rsm; &SdrvJ? usaemfu aq;±Hkpm&Gufay:wGif abmhAfudk,fpm; a&;ay;ae&onf ? “uk e f u saiG r S e f o r# usaemf ay;ygh r ,f æ [k uwd j yKygonf ” qd k o nf h pma=umif;udk a&;ay;&onf? abmhAfu vufrSwf udkyif ajzmifhajzmifhrxkd;wwf? aq;±Hkum; armif;xGufoGm;awmh ESpf a,mufom; zufidk+yD; usefcJh=uonf? uufoDrSm qdk@qdk@eifheifh a=uuGJaeavonf? usaemfu æ ‘rif;wdk@awGeJ@ xyfwlxyfr# igcHpm;&ygw,f/ pdwf raumif;ygbl;’[lIr#omajymEdkifonf? bmvkyf &rSef;vJ rodyg? tar&duefwdk@. xHk;pHudkvnf; usaemfu odrxm;? avhvmrxm;/ abmhAfu bD±dkxJrS t&ufykvif;udk xkwf,lum zefcGufxJ iS J @ +yD ; wusd K uf u sd K uf aomuf y pf v d k u f o nf ? uufoDu qdkzmay:odk@ t±kyf}udK;jywf xdkifcs vdkufonf? usaemfESifh abmhAfu pm;yGJay:wGif oGm;xdkif=uonf? “±dkpDukd igeJ@arG;wJhorD;vdk igwu,f cspfcJhwmyg atmif&,f æ ,Hkyg? ighvufxJrSm }uD;jyif;vmcJhwJh orD;/ ighudk zatt&if;vdk cspf&Sm ygw,f? ighudk zatt&if;vdk@yJ owfrSwfwm æ zatt&if ; b,f o l b ,f 0 g jzpf w ,f q d k w m uufoDudk,fwdkifrS rodcJh&bJ? 'Dawmh igu ±dkpD 29

armifpdk;csdef

tazyJ? aoG;upum;rajymbl;/ ESvHk;om;u pum;ajymwmuG atmif&JŒ ” xyf+y;D wcGuw f ifvu kd jf yefonf? E_wcf rf; ay:wGif wifusefaeaom t&uf tptersm;udk nmvuf=urf;}u;D ESihf yGwo f yf okwzf ,fvu kd yf rkH mS toufygvGef;onf? wcsufwcsuf ,dkifeJ@oGm; avonf? uufoDxdkif&mrS xvmcJhum abmhAf teD;ok@d a&mufvmonf? abmhAv f ufxrJ S zefcu G f udkvSrf;,l+yD; t&ufwcGuf aomufcsvdkufonf? pD;u&ufudk rD;cdk;aysmuf ±d_ufvdkufonf? +yD;awmh usaemfu h kd awmif;yefoEH iS hf ajymonf? olrE_wcf rf; u wqwfqwf wkef,ifaeqJ? “tdrfu um;ysufaewHk; atmifhudkyJ tultnD xyfawmif;yg&ap? usrudk nuvyf udk jyefydk@ay;yg? tjyefrSmawmh vlóuHeJ@ jyefvdkuf vmcJh&rSmaygh ” uav;aoqHk;oGm;+yD jzpfaomfvnf; 0rf;enf;a=uuGJzdk@ tcsdef r,lEdkifawmhbl;vm;? usaemfrar;csifawmh? wm;jrpfzdk@wm0ef usaemfh rSmr&S?d abmhAu f pm;yGrJ suEf mS jyifay:u oH;k yGiq hf ikd f pkaeaom jym;aphav;oH;k aphukd pdu k =f unfah eonf? jym;aphoHk;aph pkpnf;aeonfh taetxm;qDrS abmhAfu waphudk wa&GŒa&GŒ cGJxkwfvdkufonf? rsuf & nf w ayguf u xd k j ym;aph u av;ay:od k @ aºuGqif;usoGm;onf? wckckudk pOf;pm; cHpm; aejcif; jzpfayvdrfhr,f? “'Dn rif;tem;,loifhw,f uufoD &,fov d m; æ igo h rD;av;twGuf igw@kd EpS af ,muf cGJxGufroGm;Edkifatmif oDxm;wJh oDóud;uav; twGuf tm;&yg;& igw@kd idv k u kd =f u&atmifvm;” “Eku d u f vyfrmS acwfay:wD;vH;k oDcsi;f oGm;awGeJ@ usrusdwf+yD; idkvdkufyghr,f? pdwfcsyg? [dkrSmvJ usdwfidkvdk@ &wmyJ[m? 'DnusrS vlu usvdkufwmvGefa&m/ orD;twGuf aq;±Hkum; iSm;c/ vlemðypkcawG ay;&tHk;r,fqdkwm &SifvJ 30

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

todyJ? qkawmif;yJGvkyfzkd@vJ ukefustHk;rSm? usr &ifxJrSm ±dkpD&SdaerSmyg? aoG;uifqmvdk a&m*gqdk; awG uif;pifomG ;wJh ±dpk t D jzpfe@J usr&ifxrJ mS &Sad e rSmyg? usr qkawmif;aerSmyg? orD;av; pm;csif wJh taumif;pm; tpm;tpmawG 0wfcsifwJh taumif ; pm; t0wf t pm; vS v S a v;awG / wef z d k ; }uD ; }uD ; ay;&ayr,f h upm;p&mawG u d k usrwdk@ 0,fay;EdkifcJhvdk@vm;? ajymvdkufprf;yg abmhA&f ,f æ usruk, d u f sr b,fawmhrS cGiv hf w $ f vdk@ &rSmr[kwfbl;? 'gawGudk a=uuGJvkd@rqHk; jzpf wm bk&m;ocifyJ odw,f? ±dkpDa& tarhudk cGifh v$wfyg? orD;udk aq;ukocJhwJh aºuG;awGaus&if usr 'D t vk y f u xG u f y gawmh r ,f ? 'D t vk y f vky&f wm wu,fu h kd raysmyf u kd yf gb;l av? vm æ oGm;=updk@ atmif / usrudk vkdufydk@ay;ygaemf ” ajymajymqkq d Edk iS yhf if pm;yGu J kd ausmcdik ;f +yD; uufoDu xGufcGmpðyaeonf? abmhAfukd wcsufvSrf;=unfh+yD; uufoDhaemufudk usaemf vdkufvmcJh&onf? nuvyfrSm r$efxl+yD; &ifckef cJh&onfh &ifckefoHonf aysmufvGifh xGufajy; oGm;cJ&h +yD? a=uuGrJ _ v$r;f ,Sux f m;onfh 0rf;enf; r_ b0ifrusr_wkd@u &ifxJrSm tpm;xdk; ae&m 0if,cl =hJ uonf? um;udk cyfou G o f u G f armif;xGuf vmcJh=uonf? uufoDxHrS pum;wcGef;r#yif r=um;&awmh? olrpdwfu ±dkpDqD a&muf&SdoGm; ae+yDvm;? tylaºuG; tokbaºuG;awGxH a&muf oGm;&if; vd_ufarmaejcif;vm;? abmhAfta=umif; awG;awmaewmvm;? olr wdwfqdwfpGm ygvm cJhonf? vrf;w0ufa&mufvmpOf um;udk ±kwfw&uf &yfcdkif;vdkufonf? usaemfu bkrod brodESifh um;udk vrf;ab;xkd;qif;um &yfvdkuf &onf? “aqm&D; æ tvSjyifwJhtdwf tdrfrSm usefcJhvdk@ usrtJ'gawG jyef,lyg&ap? tJ'gawG ryg&if tvkyfjzpfrSm r[kwfbl;” um;wHcg;udk ±kwfw&uf xk±dkufvdkuf

armifpdk;csdef

um ol@udk,fol rausreyfjzifh jrnfwGef awmuf wD;aeonf? +yD;awmh usaemfhudkvnf; wav; wpm; xyf+yD; awmif;yefaejyefonf? usaemfu udpPr&Sdygbl;[kajymum um;udk tdrfbufodk@ OD;wnf+yD; jyefauG@armif;&onf? [kwaf wmhvnf; t[kwfom;? olcE<mukd,f a&mif;ukefypPnf;udk b,fvdkvkyf aq;qkd;yef;±dkuf tvSrjc,fbJ &eH@ jy,fjy,feJ@ a&mif;vdk@aumif;yghrvJ? a&mif;ukefESifh aps;uGufta=umif; pOf;pm;p&m oJvGefp &vm cJh&mu pm;oHk;ol azmufonfjzpfwJh yk&dowdk@ ta=umif;vnf; awG;awmaerdonf? tdrfa&SŒ a&mufawmh wHcg;wGe;f zGi+hf yD;rqif;rD olru pum; pvkdufonf? “'Dnawmh atmifhudk usrwdk@ t}uD; tus,f 'kuQay;ovdkawmhjzpfae+yD? ±dkpDhtwGuf usr pdwfxdcdkuf&ovdk atmifhtwGufvJ pdwf raumif;jzpf&w,f? 'DntpDtpOf usrajymif; vkduf+yD? nuvyfudk usrjyefroGm;awmhbl;? usrxyf+yD; awmif;yefyg&apaemf ” “'gu 'k u Q a y;wmrS r [k w f w m 'Davmuf ulnDcGifh&wmudkyJ usaemfu 0rf;om vS y g+yD ? bmrS t cuf t cJ r&S d y gbl ; ? uuf o D nuvyfudk jyefoGm;r,fqdk&if usaemfhbufu ul n D z d k @ toif h y gyJ ? uuf o D t vd k u s vk y f y g/ &ygw,fæ?” “usrqH;k jzwf+yD;oGm;+yD? atmif tdru f kd jyefvdk@&yg+yD? usr'DntdrfrSmyJ tm;&yg;& &ifzGifh +yD; idkvdkufygawmhr,f? aiGuusrudk rkqdk;b0 a&mufatmif ydk@ay;cJhwm? usru aiGyJvdktyfae wmqdkawmh b0&JŒom;aumif/ aiG&JŒrkqdk;/ aiG&JŒ aus;u|e/f &Siu hf kd trsm;}u;D aus;Zl;wifw,faemf” aemufudkvSnfhr=unfhawmhbJ tdrfxJ od@k wHcg;qGzJ iG hf 0ifomG ;onf? xkad e@nu abmhAEf iS hf uufoDwdk@udk aemufqHk; awG@cJh&jcif;yif jzpfonf?

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

aemufydkif;abmhAfu w,fvDzkef; ESpf}udrf oHk;}udrf qufygao;onf? tvkyfrSmvnf; ol@udk rawG@& awmh? zkef;xJrSmyJ pum;ajym=u&onf? uufoD ESifhol vrf;cJGvdkuf=u+yD[k qdkonf? uufoDu ol@ukd xm;cJah vovm;/ oluyJ uufou D kd xm;cJh avovm; qdkwmawmh ajymrjy/ usaemfvnf; rar;rd? 3 ouf j yif ; wcsuf r#if ; csvd k u f o nf ? pdrf;&ifh&ifh opfyifxdyfzsm;rS ausmfum rdk;aumif; uif yifv,fjymxJ &Guv f i$ ahf eaom wdrrf #irf sm;qD a&mufaeaom tm±Hkt=unfhESifh tawG;wdk@udk Zmwfodrf;um apmapmutwdkif;yif eH&HwGif udk,fw0uf arS;rSDxm;vkdufonf? usaemfha&SŒ wnfhwnfheH&HwGif csdwfxm;aom yef;csDum;xJodk@ jyefa&mufoGm;onf? yef;csDum;xJu vrf;u av;ay:od k @ pd w f u d k y k d @ vk d u f o nf ? orD ; av; aty&,fpkd; odk@r[kwf tonf;av;óudufonfh oD c sif ; av;wyk ' f u d k pzG i f h & ef usaemf h v uf u uufqufcvkwfay:odk@ tvkdvdk a&mufoGm;ae onf? eHab;wGif&Sdaeaom orD;av;udk zufayG@ xm;&if; &GufaºuGawmu vrf;uav;ay:wGif usaemf a&mufaeavonf? Ò Ò Ò 'DZifbm 5/ 2002 opPmtrSwf(1) /ar 2004

31

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

rwwfomawmh? xdak e&mrS xGuv f mcJu h m vlemawGxH usra&mufvmcJo h nf? olemðy q&mrqdkwm b,favmufyJ pdwftm;wif;xm;xm;/ owWdaumif;aumif;/ vlemwa,muf[m aorif;vufxJ ygomG ;+yq D o kd nfEiS w fh òyid ef uf cHpm;&onfh a0'emrSm ar#mv f ifch suaf wG tiftm;awG rSefor# cE<mukd,fay:uae ajr}uD;xJ avsmqif;wdk;0ifoGm;ovdk cHpm;&onf? xdktcg usrrSm csdeJ@EHk;acG+yD; usef&pfcJhavawmhonf? pdwf"mwfusqif;r_ EGHtdkifawmxJrS usr tm;wif;±kef;x&jyefonf? wjcm;vlemawG&JŒ touf&Sifoefzdk@ óud;pm; tm;xkwf&OD;r,f r[kwfvm;? zufqpfvlowform;awGu owfjzwf ajcr_ef;ypf? usrwdk@awGu &Sifoefvef;qef;vmatmif ukoysKd;axmifay;? ,ckvnf; pdwt f csOaf yguv f mcg usrar;=unfch siaf eonf? zufqpfvo l wfaumifawG b,fvdkajym=urvJ? ar;=unfhcsifonf? 0g0gvif;aoqHk;oGm;wm/ +yD;awmh raoqHk;rD aoewf '%f&mESifh ol@AdkufrSm [if;vif;yGifh tlawGxGufusaewmukd b,fvdkrsm; eifwdk@cHpm;&ygovJ? eifh&ifaoG;/ eifhorD;av;wa,muf jzpfae&ifaum? b,fvkdcHpm;rvJqdkwm ar;=unfhcsifvSonf? wu,fu tm%mavmbaZmwdkufolawG&JŒ rdkufuef;,kwfrmr_ uE Wm&oJylawmxJwGif pdrf;vef; aom t=uifemyef;yGifhqdkwm ryGifhEkdifay? usrvufay:wGif orD;av;0g0gvif; aoqHk;cJhjcif;onf ta&;awmfyHk}uD;. tpydkif; umvrSmjzpfonf? aemufydkif;wGif owfjzwfr_/ zdESdyfacsr_ef;r_awGu ydkI=urf;wrf;vmcJhonf? +rdKŒe,ftESHŒ/ a'otESHŒtb,fr# vlowfr_awG rsm;jym;cJhovJqdkwmudk aq;±HkESifh ta&;ay:Xme/ +yD;awmh cGpJ yd cf ef;wd@k wiG &f adS eonfh aoG;yifv,fEiS hf aoqH;k olu|e;f pkawG tenf;trsm;ESihf wdik ;f wm I&vmcJhonf? usrwdk@vufxJodk@=u,fyef;yGifhrsm;rSm aemuf&ufawGrSm tawmrowfEkdifatmifyif aºuGcJh=uonf? usrwdk@vufxJukdra&mufrDuwnf;u aoG;r&Sdawmhonhfvlem/ a&m*gydk;0ifxm;onfh vlem/ usrwdk@vufxJwGif wjzKwfjzKwfaºuGvGifhukefwmyJ? wcsdK@u oydwfpcef;rSmyJ yJGcsif;+yD; usq;kH cJ=h uonf? aemufwae@ ae@opfO;D wGif aea&mifjcnfjzmusaeonfh ajrae&mwdik ;f wGif tHºk uG ykHuefaeonfh vlxk}uD;rSm jynfhv#Hum vlyifv,f}uD; jzpfaejyefyga&m? wdkufyGJawG/ aoG;yifv,f awGxJwGif usqHk;cJh=uaomfvnf; raoonfhvlxkrSm zdESdyfor# xºuGtHkºuGvmcJhawmhonf? vlxk. aºuG;a=umfoHrsm;u aoG;yifv,fESifh jrifraumif;avmufatmif tusnf;wefvSonhf ò*d[fysuf}uD;wckESihf wlaeonfh aq;±Hk}uD;xJodk@ ±dkufcwfvmonf? aemufawmh vlowfyGJ aoewfoHrsm;u ±dkufcwfvmonf? vlxak wGu aq;±H}k uD;xJwiG f vma&mufcv kd =H_ uonf? ppfrZhJ t kH jzpf vHòk cHr&_ o dS nfh aq;±H/k vl@todw&m;ESifh vl@,Ofaus;r_pnf;urf;t& aq;±Hkonf wu,fhppfrJhZHk jzpfaeonf? od@k aomf zufqpfppftyk pf u k aq;±Ht k wGi;f od@k 'v=urf;ypfcwfc&hJ m aq;±H}k u;D t0if0wGif aoa=uòydvu J ek o f nf? xdu k o J @kd yif ppfrZhJ akH q;±Hu k dk ppfajrjyiftjzpf zefw;D vdu k u f m vl@,Ofaus;r_ pnf;urf;wdk@ukd wppDjzpfatmif zsufqD;ypfvkduf=uonf? vlxkawG zdESdyfcH&onfhtwdkif; usrwdk@ onfvnf; vlemawGukd toufu,faq;uko&if; tzdESdyfcH&avonf? usrwdk@vnf; ppfrdef@oH 35

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

aoewfatmufrSm bmxl;vdk@vJ? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awG&JŒ trdef@=oZmatmufrSm aq;xdk;ykduf udkifae&jcif;jzpfonf? “aq;aumif;awGudk roHk;ygeJ@/ aq;aumif;awGukd 'DvlemawGtwGuf rjzpfygapeJ@/ toifhtwifh ukoay;&if&+yD æ ” usrwdk@tm;vHk; xdktrdef@udk oabmrwl=uyg? aumufuspf&ufpufonfh trdef@awG oabmxm;awGjzpfaeI usrwdk@wufacguf=u&onf? vHk;0pdwfrcsrf;ajrŒEkdifcJhyg? toifhtwifh òypkuo k ay;&rnfw@J ? aooGm;=uygap? udprP &Sb d ;l qdo k nhf oabmukd ajymifajymifwif;wif; jyocJh =uonf? 'Dta=umif;awGukd jyefpOf;pm;&if; q&m0efwa,mufjzpfol a'gufwmpdk;jrifhukd owd&vmonf? a'guw f mpd;k jrifu h wu,fv h o l m;yDowJh q&m0ef? xku d o hJ @kd vo l m;yDo/ vl,Ofaus; jzpfonfhtwGuf tvkyfòzwfcHcJh&onf? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. ppfrdef@atmufwGif tvkyfòzwf cH&onfhtjyif q&m0efvdkifpifukd odrf;,lvdkufonf? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awGu pGJcsufwifonfh jypfr_rSm tjcm;awmhr[kwf? tpmiwfcH qENjycJh=uvdk@ tm[m&jywfum aovkarsmyg; cHpm; ae&wJhvlemawGukd a'gufwmpdk;jrifhu *vl;udkpfhESifha&a&m+yD; wdkufaºuG;onfhtwGuf jzpfonf? aq;±Hk}uD; "mwfa&mifjcnfXmerS a'gufwmpdk;jrifhonf xdkpGJcsufjzifh tvkyfòzwfcHcJh&onf? trSefu tpmiwfcHqENjycJhI raor&Sifjzpfaeol a0'emonfukd vufydkuf=unfhae&rnf[k ajymonfh ppfrdef@jzpfonf? vl,Ofaus;vkyfrSmvm;/ vlowform;vkyfrSmvm;/ a'gufwmpdk;jrifhajymonfukd usr ,ckxdrSwfrdaewkef;ygyJ? “t±dkif;tpdkif;awGeJ@ w*dk%f;om;xJu q&m0eftjzpfeJ@ ig b,fawmhrS r&yfwnfbl; æ” wJ@? usróudufoGm;+yD? cH,lcsufajymifajrmufwJh q&m0efyJ[k ol@ukd usrav;pm;rdonf? aq;ynm&Sif/ q&m0efawG/ q&mrawG/ 0efxrf;awGrSm xdkuJodk@r=uc% uyfqdkufcJh onf? ta&;ay:Xme a&mufvmcJ=h uonhf aoewfusnq f o H ifh vlemawGudk taotcsm*±kpu kd cf /hJ òypkukoay;ol q&m0efawG/ q&mrawGukd vlxkawGu toufocifrsm;tjzpf aus;Zl;wif *k%fðy=uonf? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;uvnf; *k%fðy=uonfrSm xdkjynfol@ q&mrawGukd a0;vH onfh t&yfa'orsm;odk@ e,fajymif;ypfcJh=uavonf? a[mwa,muf/ a[mwa,muf e,fESif cJhavonf? olwdk@u xdkodk@yif *k%fðywwfavonf? aemufawmh ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;u v$wv f u kd o f nfh aq;±H0k efxrf;rsm;/ q&mrrsm;onf usrwdk@vkyfief;awGxJ a&mufvmcJhygawmhonf? 0efxrf;twk/ q&mrtwk axmufvSrf;a&;awG/ usrwdk@twGufawmh wu,fh}uD;rm;onfh tE W&m,f? vGwfvyfa&;twGuf wdkufyGJ0ifae=u&mrS ±kdufESuf uefausmufcH&onhf'%f&m/ aoewfusnfoifh'%f&m/ '%f&m&olawGtwGuf ajymzG,f &mr&Sd? usrwd@k b0wlq&m0ef/ q&mrawGtm;vH;k nDnw G rf , _ x l m;=u&onf? axmufvrS ;f a&; 0efxrf;/ axmufvrS ;f a&; q&mrawG/ zefw;D usa&mufvmrnfh ab;tE &W m,frsm;ukd pkppk nf;pnf; ESihfz,f&Sm;&ef em;vnfr_/ nDnGwfr_ ,lrxm;vdk@rjzpf? vlemukd aq;uk&if;olwdk@ukd apmifh=unfh &onf? tzsufvkyfief;awG bmawGvkyfvm=urvJ? usrwdk@tkyfpkxJ a&mufvmcJhonfh q&mr twku uav;aq;±Hrk S ajymif;vmcJo h nf[k qdo k nf? ra&$at;? toufuESpq f ,f ywf0ef;usi?f 36

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“b,fae@awGrSm q&m0efq&mrawG qENjy=urSmvJ” ra&$at;pkaqmif;onfh owif;u xdk@xufrsm;Edkifygao;onf? ol@trlt&m ol@ oabmxm;rsm;u axmufvSrf;a&;jzpfa=umif; wpwp az: jyvmcJhonf? olemðyq&mr wa,mufESifh rwlonfh xl;jcm;csufw&yfrSm vlemrSwfwrf;rsm;ukd ppfaq;rSwfom;jcif;yif jzpfonf? wcgw&H vdktyfygu rSwfwrf;ukd vSef=unhfwwf=uonf? odk@aomf ra&$at;u rSwfwrf;rsm;ukd ae@pOf&SmazG ppfaq;aeavawmhonf? aq;±Hw k iG f t+rJwrf;&Sad e=uonfh oydwaf cgi;f aqmifwcsK@d udk vufuw k +f yD; owif;ay;& onf? vlxt k wGuaf um/ usrwd@k twGuyf g tE &W m,f&o dS nf[k ajymjyonf? owWcd q J &m0efawG/ 0efxrf;awGe@J oydwaf cgi;f aqmifwcsKŒd yl;aygi;f +yD; ra&$at;ukd zrf;qD;ppfaq;=uonf? ra&$at;u wif;cHaeonf? jiif;qefonf? aemufq;kH arhaq;xd;k ppfaq;awmhrS “usrppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;yg ”[k 0efcHuwdòyonf? olrukd arwWm&yfcHawmif;yef+yD; vlemawGukd aq;0g;uko ðypkapmifha&Smufaeonhf vkyfief;xJrSm vma&mufraESmifh,Sufzdk@ em;cs&onf? ra&$at;vnf; vpfawmhwmyJ? aemufxyf vnf;ay:rvmawmh? aq;0g;ukor_ynm&yf/ aq;0g;ynm&yfrsm;omru usrwdk@onf axmufvSrf;a&;ukd ynmjyonfh yOPvuftwwfynmyg wwfajrmufvmcJh=uonf? &efolu aumufuspfvmonhf twGuf usrwdk@. ±dk;om;jzLpifr_rsm;onf eif;acscHcJh&aygif; rsm;cJh+yD? vlxkukd rvdrfeJ@/ raumufuspfeJ@/ &efolu aumufuspfonfhtwGuf wkef@jyefaumufuspf&vdrfhrnf? oydwfpcef; toD;oD;rS '%f&mjzifh a&mufvmolrsm;ukd vlemrSwfwrf;rSwqifh trnf/ ae&yf/ rdb/ touf/ ponfh udk,fa&;tcsuftvuftcsKd@ukd rSwf,l/ ul;,lwwfp+rJ? usrwdk@u trSeftwdkif;b,fawmhrSra&;? toufu,fI r&Ekdifonfhvlemukdom rSwfwrf;trSefa&;onf? 'guvJ ra&SmifvGJEkdifawmhrS trSeftwdkif;a&;jcif;jzpfonf? wcgw&H ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u a&mufvmcg vlemudktrnfar;wwfonf? vlemajymaom trnfESihf aq;±Hrk w S w f rf;ay:wGif usrwd@k ay;xm;aomtrnfrmS b,fvv kd yk +f yD; wxyfxjJ zpfygrh vJ? usrwd@k rSm cyfwnfwnfESihfvdrf&onf? atmf æ [kwfvm; usrwdk@em;=um;vGJwm jzpfEkdifw,f/ vlem udk,fwdkifu owdrSr&bJ æ +yD;awmh vlemawGu trsm;}uD; æ rSm;Ekdifygw,f æ ? rsufESmudk wif;r_Hum toHjywfESifhajym&onf? EGJ@EGJ@oGJ@oGJ@vkyfvdk@rjzpf? ppfaxmufvSrf; a&;rSm atmifhoufouf jzpfoGm;onf? ESmwif;oGm;vnf; rwwfEkdif? 'DvdkrS olwdk@ukdrvdrfnm v#if tdrftxdvdkufoGm;um zrf;awmhrnf? xyf+yD; n‡Of;yef;OD;awmhrnf? '%f&moufomvmaeonfh vli,frsm;/ &[ef;ysKdrsm;ukd tdrfjyefvdk@&+yD/ ausmif;wdkuf ukjd yefv@kd &+yD[k cyfw;dk wd;k ajym&onf? jyefv@kd &w,fqw kd m prf;oyfajym=unf&h onfvnf; &So d nf? axmufvSrf;a&;u =um;oGm;odoGm;rSmvnf; pdk;&drf&onf? wcsKdŒvlemu yg;eyfvdrfrmonf? wcsKd@vlemu xlxltt? olwdk@toufudk usrwdk@ESpfcgjyefvk&onf? usef;rma&; aumif;vmp wGif t&JpGef@+yD; tdrfjyefzdk@ajym&onf? rSwfwrf;rsm;ukd ðzwfapum,loGm;cdkif;&onf? Todk@jzifh arSmif&dyfxJwGif olwdk@awG aysmufuG,f vGwfajrmufoGm;=uavonf? axmufvSrf;a&; ppfyg;pyf 37

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

tm;vH;k u tifwu dk t f m;wdu k f toufu,f=u/ uko=uonfudk oabmrusyg? oydwaf cgi;f aqmifawG ul n D a xmuf u l o nf u d k b0if r us=u? aq;aumif ; 0g;aumif ; rsm;uk d vl e mawG t wG u f toHk;ðyonfukdvnf; tvdkrus? a'goxGuf=uonf? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u remvdk r±_pdrfh EdkifonfhtqHk; tusyfukdif/ csKyfukdifvm=uygawmhonf? onf;rcHEkdifawmhonfh q&mra&$a&$ESifh ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;wdk@ xdyfwdkufwdk;=uwmygyJ? “'Dtoufu,faq;awGudk 'Dvel mawGtwGuf roH;k yge@J v@kd txufu nGe=f um;xm;wm od&ufe@J bma=umifo h ;kH ae&wmvJ/ wcsK@d aq;0g;awGukd vdw k mxufy+kd yD; oH;k aewmawGudk awG@ae& wm=um+yD/ nGef=um;csuftwdkif;vkyfyg? 'Dxuf xyfrajymcsifbl; ” “usrvnf;rajymcsib f ;l / tckawmh ajym&awmhr,f/ 'Daq;0g;awGudk 'Dvel mawGtwGuf roHk;vdk@ b,fvlemawGudkoHk;&rSmvJ/ usrwdk@q&m0ef/ q&mrawGtaeeJ@ b,fvlemudkyJjzpfjzpf oH;k &rSmyJ/ aq;±Hu k adk &mufvmwJh vlemrSeo f r# ukoay;&r,fqw kd m usrwd@k uwdopPm ðyxm;+y;D om;” q&mr a&$a&$toHu wcgw&H yJhwifxyfoGm;onf? q&mrawGESihf yl;aygif;ulnD ae=uonfh apwemh0efxrf;rsm;/ oydwfwyfom;rsm;rSm q&mra&$a&$ukd tm±Hkpdkuf=uonf? qlnH aeonfh pum;ajymoHrsm;yg wdwq f w d o f mG ;=uonf? cef;rtjyifrS vlemapmifah wGyg em;pGiahf e=uonf? “aq;0g;awG/ aoG;awG/ 0efxrf;awG/ bmrSrvHkavmufwJhtwGuf cJGpdwfcef;awG vlem cef;awGrSm aocsmatmif ydk;rowfEkdifcJhbl;/ 'D=um;xJrSm ae&mu rvHkavmufawmh vlemawGukd =urf;jyifay:rSm jzpfovdkxm;&w,f/ 'ga=umifh vlemawG a&m*gydk;awG0if+yD; raooifhbJ aoukef =uw,f/ tJ'gawGaum &Sifwdk@od&JŒvm;” ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;qdo k u l ajymv#if +ird cf v H rd rhf nf a=umufvef@wek v f y_ o f mG ;vdrrhf nf[k aocsmayguf wGu+f yD;om;? ,ckuo hJ @kd q&mra&$a&$u wk@H jyefaomtcg rar#mv f ifyh J rsuEf mS csi;f qdik f ckcHwHk@jyeffjcif; cHvdkuf&ojzifh =uufaoaoaeonf? vlemawGa&SŒrSm zrf;rdjcif;cH&aom "m;jyvdk uef@vef@}uD;wifaeonf? q&mra&$a&Gu w&m;enf;vrf;usojzifh axmufvrS ;f a&;. ,kwrf mr_u bGm;ceJay:oGm;onf? q&mraemfy&Dq,fvm ESiu fh srtygt0if q&mrav;ig;a,mufrmS q&mra&$a&$teD;wGif 0dik ;f &Hvu kd =f uonf? rsuv f ;kH aygi;f oHk;av;&mu ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;ukd pdkuf=unfhae=u+yD; ‘axmufvSrf;a&;vl,kwfrm’[k rsufvHk;awGESihf wdkufcdkufae=uonf? “usraemufqHk;wckyJ ar;csifw,f/ usrwdk@aq;0g;ukoaewJh vkyfief;ukd ulnD0kdif;0ef; rSmvm;/ qufvuf[ef@wm; aESmuf,u S rf mS vm;/ tJ'gyo J cd siw f ,f/ odyg&ap/ vlemawGudk [kad q; ray;ygeJ@/ 'Daq;rukygeJ@vdk@ [ef@wm;wm[m vlemawGukd owfaewmyJ/ tJ'Dawmh usrwdk@ 'Dtcef;xJuae xGufoGm;&rSmvm; æ &Sifwdk@yJ aq;ukay;rSmvm;/ tJ'gyJodcsifw,f? ” axmufvrS ;f a&;u ywf0ef;usiu f dk wcsuaf 0S@=unfv h u kd u f m csmueJ vSnx hf u G o f mG ;onf? arSmif&dyfxJwGif aysmufuG,foGm;onftxd ol@ukd usrwdk@vdkuf=unfhrdonf? trSefw&m;ukd az:xkwfvdkufonfhtwGuf 0rf;omrdonf? a&$a&$u usrpdwfukd tiftm;awG oGef;avmif;ay; vdu k jf cif;jzpfonf? 'DaxmufvrS ;f a&;u igw@dk udk bmrsm;'kuaQ y;rvJqo kd nfh pd;k &drpf w d o f nfyifv#if aysmuf&SoGm;av+yD? 39

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u xGufoGm;+yDqdkuwnf;u v_yfv_yf&Sm;&Sm;jzpfoGm;aom vlxk awGxHrS wòydifxJ xGufay:vmaomtoHukd axmufvSrf;a&;vJ =um;rSmygyJ? “q&mrawG xGuf roGm;=uygeJ@/ xGufoGm;zdk@rvdkbl;/ vlowfaumifawG xGufoGm;/ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; xGufoGm;/ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; tvdkr&dS” aoG;yifv,fxrJ S xGuaf y:vmaom awmif;qdo k rH sm;onf tkwef &H t H cef;xJwiG f yJw h if xyfoGm;onf? xdkyJhwifoHxJwGif usr qGwfjyef@=unfEl;rd/ tm;wufcJh+yD; wvSyfvSyfv_dufvSJ? xdkpOfu usr. rsufvHk;tdrfrS rsuf&nfpufrsm; pD;usaecJhonf? “arar æ wcg;zGifhay;ygtHk;/ arara& æ ” a[m/ orD;ausmif;u jyefvm+yD? om;tzESpfa,muf jyefvm+yD? usrtajy;tvGm; xGufoGm;um wHcg;ukd zGifhay;vdkufonff? 'DorD;av;aygh? vGefcJhonfh q,fhajcmufESpfu 'DorD;av;ukd,f0efukd usrvG,f+yD; aoG;yifv,fxJ jzwfcJh&wm? “[if araridkaew,f [kwfvm;/ rsuf&nfawGeJ@ æ” orD;wdk@om;tzu usrrsufESmukd awGai;pl;pdkuf=unfh=uonf? bma=umifh idkaecJh ygvrd ?hf xdak r;cGe;f t"dyg` ,u f dk azmfjyaeonfh awGai;ai;t=unf?h orD;ukd xyfwvJvaJ jymjycJo h jzifh orD;u aoG;yifv,fxJu ZmwfaumifawGukd rSwfrdaeonf? “orD;udk,f0efeJ@wkH;u aoG;yifv,fxJrSm awG@cJh&wJh 0g0gvif;wkd@/ a&$a&$wkd@/ q&m0ef OD;pdk;jrifhwdk@ukd owd&aewHk; rsuf&nfawGu ol@bmomol pD;usvmwmav/ araridkwm r[kwfbl;” orD;av;u wHcg;ukdwGef;zGifhvmum usrukd odkif;ayG@zufvdkuf&if; rsuf&nfpdkpGwf yg;jyifay:odk@ erf;±_dufaeavonf?

Zlvikd /f 25 &uf/ 2004 opPm trSwf (2) =o*kwf/ 2004

40

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

tcspf w d k @

. aumuf½;kd tdrf wdrw f r#if wdrw f pyifr&S?d us,jf yef@euf±id_ ;f vSonfh [if;vif;jyifu v0ef;rD;tdru f kd ol.eH&H xufwGif tomt,m csdwfqGJxm;onf? toifub,favmuf xdefxdefomEdkifrvJ? ajrjyifESif =u,fwm&mawGu pdefac:aejcif;udk vrif;u cyfaighaigh cyf&GJ@&GJ@yJ ol@tvif;yGifh tvif;pufrsm;udk tpGrf;ukefusJcs oGefcsaeavonf? v0ef;rsufESmjyifxufrS oGefxGufpD;usvmaom tvif;r_efawGu azG;azG;jzLEk&mrS ajrjyifESifh eD;uyfvmaomtcg pdrf;vJhvJhjymvJhvJh va&mifjzpfoGm;onf? &Gmv,fvrf;. ab;wzuf&Sd bkef;}uD;ausmif;0ef;twGif;rS iSufaysm&Gufrsm;rSm oHjzL "m;oGm;rsm;ES,f va&mifjzifh ajymifvufawmufyaeavonf? pdr;f &ifah rSmifaom opf&u G rf sm;wGiv f nf; va&mifu&G&Gav; em;aeavonf? wu,fu opf&Gufu va&mifudkqGJzrf;,lum wusdKufusdKuf aomufaewm? xdv k a&mifatmufu xdex f ed v f if;aeaom &Gmv,fvrf;ray:wGif armifjrrif;wd@k av#mufae =uonf? aumif;uifxJrSm vrf;av#mufae&onf[k armifjrrif;u xifaeyHk&onf? ajrjyifay:wGif vSrf;IvSrf;I oGm;aeonf[lIyif rxifawmh? “a[haumifjrrif;æ oef;wifvdkawmhrvkyfeJ@? oef;wifvdkrjzpfapeJ@? 'gyJigajymr,f? ausmfraumif; =um;raumif; wu,fu &ifemp&maumif;vSw,fuGm” pdk;vif;OD;u ykcHk;csif;,SOfum twloGm;&if;u armifjrrif;ESifh yl;uyfoGm;um avoHjzifh ajymvdkufjcif;jzpfonf? pdk;vif;OD;u ajymvnf;ajym/ &,fvnf;&,f? armifjrifhu jrrif;&ifbwfudk olŒ nmvuf0g;}uD;jzifh zdprf;aejyefonf? “ausmufcJvrf;ay:rSm vSnf;armif;aeovdkyJ &ifxJrSm bk&m;yGJvSnfhwmu ±kd;±dk;vSnfhwm r[kwfbl;/ vSnf;tpD; w&mavmufeJ@ vSnfhaewm æ ” oHk;a,mufom; usdwfI &,fvdkuf=ujyefonf? v0ef;u olwdk@oHk;a,mufudkiHk@=unfh&if; olwdk@&,foHudk =um;vdkufyHk&onf? va&mifu ydkI vif;vufoGm;ovm;yifrod? olwdk@a&SŒrSmu jrrif;. tazESifhtar OD;xGef;&SdefESifh a': jrcspf/ +yD;awmh jrrif;.q&m? ausmif;q&m}uD; OD;yef;vd_if? olwdk@vl}uD;oHk;a,mufu onfaEGwGif rnfodk@tvkyfvkyf=u+yD; rdk;wGif;umvtwGuf 0rf;pmpyg; rnfuJhodk@ 0,f,lpkaqmif;=uv#if aumif;rnfenf;? 0rf;pmta=umif; ajymae=uonf? a': jrcspfu csLoHygatmif nnf;aeavawmhonf? 41

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“a&SŒa&;pOf;pm;wdkif; &ifav;ygw,fq&m&,f usrjzifh±l;csifw,f? t[kwfyJ q&m&,f æ xrif;eyfrSefatmifpm;&zdk@ rvG,fvdkufwm pOf;pm;vdkufwdkif; nvHk;aygufyJ tdyfraysmfbJ rsufvHk; a=umifawmifeJ@ rdk;vif;oGm;wJhnawG renf;awmhbl; rD;vif;zdk}uD;xJ 0ifxdkif&wJhb0 æ” cdknnf;ovdk nnf;nLvdkufonf? a': jrcspf&ifxJwGif cdkatmif;av;odyfaeonhf cHpm;r_? r±_omr±_dufom jynfhodyfae&mrS q&mOD;yef;vd_ifudk &ifzGifhvdkufjcif;jzpfonf? &ifzGifhw,fqdkwmu óuHóudufrS&ifzGifhvdk@&onf r[kwfvm;? cHpm;r_ wloljcif;rSvnf; &ifzGifhI aumif;onfr[kwfvm;? q&mOD;yef;v_difu a': jrcspf&ifxJrS ajy;xGufvmaom pum;udk oabmusum wcsufòyH;vdkufonf? rD;vif;zdk}uD;xJ 0ifxdkifaeonfh b0? odyfr=umvdkuf? c%t=umwGif &Gmv,fvrf;csKd;auG@odk@ a&mufvmonf? vlpkpkqlqlnH tdru f av;xJo@kd olw@kd 0ifvmcJ=h uonf? wa,mufu “owd@k om;vm+yDa[@ æ owd@k om; armifjrrif; wJhvm; æ uJ óud;wm;zdk@vkyf=u æ” [k [def;nHoGm;atmif v_H@aqmfvdkufonf? owdk@orD;. tdrfuav;xJu vlwodkufrSm v_yfv_yf&Sm;&Sm; jzpfoGm;=uonf? v_H@aqmfa&;rSL;u &Gm. vli,f acgif;aqmif ukdwdk;pdefjzpfaeonf? “owd@k om;ukd a&$óu;d eJ@wm;&rSm æ a&$qv kd @kd rl;vd@k awmif±LS p&mr&Sb d ;l æ aiGóu;d vnf;r&Sd æ tJ'Dawmh EGm;wHydk;rSm oHk;wJhoHóud;oGm;,l=u æ” ukdwdk;pdefu jyufacsmfacsmf oa&mfawmfawmf ajymvdkufojzifh yGJusoGm;onf? ajymrem qdkrem b0wlawGqdkawmh ajymvdk@&onf? wu,fvnf;a&$r&Sd/ aiGr&Sd? arG;uwnf;u olwdk@rSm tv#Hy,fºuG,f0wmu qif;&JrGJawjcif;jzpfonf? trsKd;orD;acgif;aqmif rat;jrifhu ukdwdk;pdefukd rsufapmif;vSrf;xdk;um “wdk;pdef eifhyg;pyfydwfxm; æ emcsifvdk@vm; [kwfvm; æ rdwifa&$ukd wdkifvdkuf &rvm; æ” cyfaigufaiguf ajymvdkufonf? ukdwdk;pdefacgif;u yk0ifoGm;onf? vli,fawGrSm yGJusoGm;jyefonf? bl;pifatmuf arSmif&dyfwGif &yfaeaom ukdbat;u rdwifa&$vm+yDa[h æ [kqdkum vSrf;+yD; ajcmufvdkufao;onf? rdwifa&$ukd udkwdk;pdefu a=umuf+yD;om;? tysKd}uD; rdwifa&$u =urf;vnf;=urf; &rf;vnf;&rf;? vlawG a&SŒwGif ukw d ;kd pdeu f dk ol@tiftm;ESihf ar$@,rf;qGv J yJS pfum ukw d ;kd pde&f ifbufay: cGp;D wwfonfh rdwifa&$udk toH=um;±Hkjzifh a=umufae+yD;om;? owkd@om;a&SŒwGif ausmfpdefESihf vGef;armifu cyfcGmcGm&yfvsuf yk0gjzLpukdqGJqef@um wm;vdkuf=uonf? “w&Gmol oem;ygvSnfh æ a[m'D æ yk0gjzL æ wm;ygouGJ@ æ wm;ygowJhcifAsm æ a&$wcH g; æ aiGwcH g; æ zGio hf mzGiyhf g owd@k om; æ u|eaf wmfw@kd apmifah r#maf e& =umcJah ygAh sm æ oli,fcsi;f wkd@a& apmifhaewm b,favmuf =umoGm;+yDvJuGm æ vGef;armifu pum;ºuG,fol oa&mfpmwdk@ oHcsyfwdk@ukd aus;vufobm0twdkif; vufwef; pyfwwf/ ajymwwfol? “ESpv f &So d mG ;+yD/ owd@k om; armifjrrif;eJ@ owd@k orD; rcifa=umhw@kd tdraf xmifðy=uawmhr,f qdkwJh owif;=um;+yD; uwnf;uygAsm? apmifhcJh&wm =umygaygh armifjrrif; ocif æ yvdk@*sd ” ausmfpdefu qdkif;csufjzifhydwfvdkufonf? &,foHrsm; v$rf;oGm;avonf? bl;pif 42

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

arSmif&dyfpGef;wGif&yfaeaom ukdbat;u ab;wbufodk@vSnfhum uGrf;wHawG;awGukd yspfceJ axG;xkwfvdkufonf? +yD;rS uGrf;pm;vGef;onfhtwGuf rnf;csdwfaeaom oGm;z&JaphawGay:atmif &,fum vSrf;I ajymvdkufonf? “awmuf æ 'DaumifESpfaumifu ZmwfxJvdkuf+yD; Zmwfu&rSmuG æ vGef;armifu rif;om;vkyf æ ausmfpdefu vljyufvkyfæ [efukdusvdk@ æ”waomaom&,f=u/ aemufajymif=u/ axh=u/ aigh=u? va&mifatmufu r*Fvmtcrf;tem;onf crf;em;odkufòrdufaeavonf? u&0duf cef;rawmhr[kwf? pD'dk;em;cef;rvnf;r[kwf? &yf"avh &Gm"avh/ aus;vuf,Ofaus;r_ r*Fvmaqmif wGif rmefrme òydifqdkifr_r&Sd? um;òydifyGJ pdefòydifyGJr&Sd? yk*Hacwf t&D;}uD;awGu owkd@orD;ukd yef;OD; v$wfcJhbl;onf? vGefcJhonfh ESpfumvawGtxd “cJzdk;” awmif;I owdk@om;u aus;&Gmumvom; tzGJ@ukd cJzdk;ay;&onf? odk@r[kwf vlrdkuftzGJ@awGukd t&ufzdk;ay;&onf? owdk;om;u w&Gmom; jzpfygu &GmcHvlrdkuftzGJ@u rdkufa=u;awmif;I rdkufa=u;zdk;ay;&onf? Tn aus;vufr*Fvmaqmif wGif rdkufa=u;cGJjcif;r&Sd? udw k ;kd pdeu f owd@k om;ukd óud;wm;onfh vGe;f armifEiS afh usmpf ed u f dk “um;*dwaf wGrmS rdu k af =u; awmif;wJh ykvdyfawG/ ppfom;awGeJ@ wlw,fa[h ”[lI axhaihgavSmifajymifonfukd vGef;armifu &,fumarmum wkef@jyefcJhavonf? “tjrwfxkwf rdkufa=u;cGJwwfwJh ykvdyfawG ppfwyfuaumifawGeJ@rS E_dif;wwfyavw,f Asm? owdk@om; armifjrrif;u o'maumifawGeJ@rS u|eaf wmfuvnf; E_id ;f rdw,f? trSeu f taemufveG o f mG ;wm vGe;f armifa& æ tuk}d uD;wd;k awmif;yef ygw,fuGm”ol@toHu rmausmausmr[kwf? wdk;oufaeavonf? vGe;f armifEiS afh usmpf ed w f @kd rsuEf mS ay:wGif òyH;&dyo f rf;oGm;onf? wdrw f u kd x f rJ S xGuv f monfh v0ef;uJodk@ vif;oGm;onf? ukdwdk;pdef. pum;wcGef;a=umifh atmifhoufouf jzpfoGm;cJh&mrS jyefvnf acsmarG@ ajyjypfomG ;avonf? owd@k om;u óuw d ifxnf, h v l monfah iGudk tdwx f rJ x S w k u f m udv k eG ;f armif vufodk@ urf;vkdufonf? “ukv d eG ;f armifw@dk ukad usmpf ed w f @kd tm;vH;k u u|eaf wmfw@dk twGuf aysmyf JG &$iyf JG txdr;f trSwyf JG vkyfay;wmukd u|efawmfu axmufyHhtm;jznfhwmygAsm” owdk@om;u &Suf&GH@&GH@jzihf toHu wkef,ifaeonf? vGef;armifESihfausmfpdefwdk@u a&$wHcg; aiGwHcg;tjzpf owfrSwfxm;onfh yk0gjzLóud;pudk ±kyfodrf;vdkuf=uonf? 0dkif;=unfhaeaom vli,f 43

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

wodkufrSm “a[; ”[lI atmf[pf qlnHoGm;=uonf? vGef;armifESihfausmfpdefwdk@rSm ajrjyifay:wGif txyfxyf ckefaygufae=uonf? “uJoGm;+yDa[h æ csuf=uðywf=ur,f æ npmr*Fvmxrif; pm;=ur,f? aemufwem&D ESpfem&DtwGif;rSm pm;=u&atmif” nmoHay;um wa[;a[;atmf[pf&if; tdrfwpuf+rdwfatmuf bl;pifatmufuae ajy;xGufoGm;=uavonf? wu,fu bmrSrjynfhpHk? qef/ qD/ qm;/ &Sm&rnf? =uuf0,f,l&rnf? bl;oD;vkdufawmif;&rnf? bl;oD;u jy\emr&Sd? óuHwJhbl;pifrSm 0,fvdk@&onf? tvSLcH+yD; qGwfvdk@vJ &onf? jy\emu qefESihfqD? owdk@om;u aiGoHk;axmifyJ ay;vdkufwm? ukdvGef;armifESihfausmfpdefu vrf;ckvwfa&mufrS owdk@om; ay;vdkufonfhaiGukd va&mifatmufwGif vufjzef@um xkwf=unfh rdonf? 'DaiG oHk;axmifxJeJ@ b,fvdkavmufyghrvJ? “ausmfpdefa& igwdk@yJ pdkufxkwf=u&rSmayghuGm æ b,fwwfEkdifyghrvJ æ uJvm ”[kqdkum ukdvGef;armifu OD;aqmifcJhavonf? ukdvGef;armifu tdrfwpuf+rdwfatmufrS xGufroGm;rD yk0gjzLukd ykdif&Sifjzpfonhf tzGm; a':a&$rSef. ykcHk;ay:odk@ “a[m'DrSm tzGm;yk0gukd u|efawmfjyeftyfcJh+yD”[kqdkum wifxm;cJhavonf? tzGm;a':a&$rSefu “at;yguG,f at;yguG,f ”[kqdkum olwifxm;onfh ykcHk;ay:rS yk0gpukd ykcHk;ESpfzuf ay:wGif jzef@umodkif;òcHvdkufonf? tzGm;u tdrf0wGifxdkifae&mrS ±kwfw&uf ukef;xvdkufonf? xkwfwef;wGif csdwfqGJxm;aom zefrD;tdrfESifh wdkufrdojzifh zefrD;tdrfu ,drf;xdk; cg,rf;oGm;avonf? tzGm;u “tvdak v;bk&m;a&”[k &nf&w G &f if; wcgjyefxikd v f u kd &f onf? tzGm;a':a&$reS u f owd;k orD; rat;a=umh. tzGm;? rat;a=umh.taz OD;vSarmif. tar? tzGm;u owdk@om;armifjrrif;ukd awG@csifvS+yD? pl;prf; =unfhcsifonf? xdk@a=umihf ae&ma&GŒvdkufjcif;jzpfonf? tdrfay:odk@ q&mOD;yef;v_difwkd@ vSrf;wufvmcJh=uonf? owdk@om; taztarvnf; q&m OD;yef;v_difaemufrS uyfvsuf ygvm=uonf? tzGm;a':a&$rSefESifh owdk@orD;rdbawGu “vm=u æ” [kqu kd m &,farmv_u d v f J óudqv kd u kd =f uonf? tdraf y:od@k aemufxyfvrS ;f wuf&ef ajcvSr;f jyifaeaom owdk@om;ESihf owdk@om; vlysKdazmfESpfa,mufukd tzGm;rSefu iHk@=unfhonf? oGm;usKd;yg;usKd;avoHESihf ajymaeavawmhonf? “igah jr;u vlacsmvlvS æ vlnKd acsm æ igah jr;r rda=umhawmh uHaumif;+yo D m rSwaf yawmh æ zJr±du k /f t&ufraomuf/ bde;f rpm; æ/ vl±;kd vlat; æ v,fxeG w f mvnf;aumifowJh æ udik ;f xGew f m vnf;aumif;/ aumuf&w d af umif; æ tzGm;uawmh igah jr;armifjrrif;ukd [dw k ek ;f uwnf;u cspaf ewm uGJ@ æ uJ æ vmuG,f/ tdrfay:wuf=u æ” “tzGm;rSef æ owdvnf;xm;aemf æ ud, k ihf g;csOu f , dk cf sOw f hJ vlawGudk &GmxJrmS vdu k zf rf; aew,fw”hJ oGm;z&Japh ukdbat;u tzGm;udkaemufvdkufonf? tzGm;u oGm;usKd;yg;usKd;ESihf w[J[J &,farmaeonf? uGrf;aoG;rsm;u E_wfcrf;wGef@ tpif;a=umif;rsm;xJwGif 0ifcdkae=uonf? uGrf;aoG; oD;aeaom yg;pyfE_wfcrf;ukd[I[I &,favonf? aus;&Gm trsKd;orD;acgif;aqmif rat;jrifhu “'DtzGm;}u;D [m pum;uk&d n S w f ,f/ raewwfrxdik w f wf ”pdwx f rJ mS rsuaf pmif;xd;k um a&&Gwaf vonf? armifjrrif;u &Sufukd;&Sufuef;jzpfaeonf? q&mOD;yef;v_difuvGJI tm;vHk;zdeyfpD;rvm=u? 44

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

'DjyifvlawG zdeyfrygwm xm;awmh? owdk;om; zdeyfrygawmh t=unfh&qdk;aeavonf? tusôu =u,fjyma&mif/ vHkcsnfu *ef@a*gqiftndKa&mif/ tusôu 'dkbDodk@r[kwf rD;ylwdkufr[kwf? vufjzifh oyfum zdacguf+yD; acgif;tkH;atmufwGif naygif;rsm;pGm xm;tdyfcJhonfhtusô? tom;u ndKpdrfhpdrfh? cE<mukd,fu zGH@zGH@òzd;òzd;/ &iftkyfuus,fus,f? owdk@om;armifjrrif;acgif;u qDeH@u yg;yg;uav; taiG@ jyefxGufvmaeonf? qdk;qdk;&Gm;&Gm; eHa[mifwmrsKd;awmhr[kwf? qDeH@ESihf qDacs;a&mxm;onhfteH@? [if;csufqDykvif;ukd vuf0g;xJarSmufcsvdkufpOf ykvif;zifwGifuyfaeaom qDacs;uoHk;av;puf vuf0g;xJ pD;usvmcJhonf? xdktºuGif;tusefqDukd a&oHk;av;pufESihfa&mum qHyifawGxJxnfh? qHyifukd zD;oifvdkufonf? vGecf o hJ nfh q,fEpS cf ef@u 0g;bD;awG/ ,ckyvyfpwpfaumfb;D ? aumfb;D u usK;d cJojzifh tcdik ;f cHavonf? xdkaumfbD;jzifh txyfxyfzD;oifcJhojzifh qHyifu ydjym;um oyf&yfaeavonf? ntwl tdyfonfhtcg owdk@orD;rda=umhuawmh owdk@om; qHr#ifawGqDu qDacs;eH@ukd&,frSmyJ? owdxm; rdv#if taotcsm&,frSmyJ? rat;jrifhu vGwfceJ@aemufvdkufonfhtcsdefwGif owdk@om;armifjrrif;u tdrfay:tqifhodk@ vSrf;twuf/ armifjrrif;rSm &SufaoG;jzef;um xyfI&ifckef&avonf? &ifckefoHu v$rf;xm;ojzifh rat;jrifh aemufajymwmukd r=um;wcsuf =um;wcsuf? “tzGm;rSefajymovdkyJ owdk@om;u 'DnrSm ausmhvdk@/ armhvdk@/ acsmvdk@/ vSvdk@/ 'gayrJh zdeyfrygvmwm qdk;w,fuGm æ apmapmxJu trukdajyma&maygh” oGm;z&JaphESifh ukdwdk;pdefwdk@ESpfa,mufrSm rat;jrifhukd wa,muf+yD;wa,muf pum;vHk; awGESihf xdk;ESufavawmhonf? “eifhrSmaum zdeyfpD;xm;vdk@vm; æ zdeyfaum&Sd&JŒvm;” “r&Sdbl; ” “trukd ajyma&maygq h akd wmh eifu owd@k om;udk 0,fay;rvd@k aygah v [kwv f m; æ eifawmif 0,frpD;EkdifbJeJ@ vla&SŒrSm toHaumif;[pfw,fayghav æ eifhyg;pyfukd iga&$csxm;csifygw,f[,fæ at;jrihf&JŒ æ ydefr&JŒ ” “usKyfukdajym&if æòrdŒukdwuf+yD; zdeyf0,fay;r,fvdk@ ajymcsifwm ” “a[m'D igwdk@&GmrSm wtdrfwufqif; zdeyfvdkuf&Sm=unfh æ tdrfajcajcmufq,fausmf &Sdw,fæ zdeyfaumif;aumif; ig;&Hawmif&yghrvm; æ? r&Ekdifbl; æ 'DnrSm b,folrS zdeyfr&Sdvdk@ zdeyf pD;rvm=ubl; æ owkd@om;u igwdk@ukdopPmrazmufbl; æ 'gcsD;usL;&r,f at;jrifh æ b,fol zdeyf pD;vmovJ æ q&m}uD;OD;yef;v_dif zdeyfpD;vmw,f æ tJ'g tawmhfukdqdk;w,fAsm æ” yGufavm±dkufatmif &,fvdkuf=uavonf? q&mOD;yef;v_difvnf; acgif;ukd v_yfcg+yD; wodrfhodrfh &,favonf? “rSm;ygw,fuGm æ rSm;ygw,f ” [lIvnf; wwGwfwGwfqdkavonf? owdk@om;eJ@ owkd@orD;rSm wa,mufrsufESm wa,muf=unfhum bmajymvdk@ ajym&rSef;rod &,f=u avonf? &,forH sm;tqH;k wGif r*FvmuefawmhypJG wifz@kd owd@k orD;.tr rat;azgu h yJ Ed;k aqmfavonf? tdrfOD;cef;x&HESihf uyfvsufwef;pDum ESpfzufrdb aqGrsKd;rsm; xdkifae=uonf? q&m OD;yef;v_id Ef iS hf tzGm;a':a&$reS u f bk&m;pifatmufrmS ? nmzufjcrf;rSm owd@k om;rdbrsm;? b,fzufjcrf; 45

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

wG i f owd k @ orD ; rd b rsm;jzpf o nf h OD v S a rmif / a':ES i f ; ok e f ? rat;azgh u rd b ES p f y g; ab;wG i f xdkifaeavonf? olru tvSqHk; jyifqifxm;aomfvnf; yv$m;r_r&Sd? cyf±dk;±dk;yJ jyifqifxm;onf? nDr r*FvmaqmiftwGuf &efuek rf S a&muf&v dS mcJjh cif;jzpfonf? rat;azgu h òrŒd awmfo@kd a&mufco hJ nfrmS ig;ESpf&Sd+yD? odk@ayr,fh bmrS tajymif;tvJr&Sd/ tdrfaxmifuscJh+yD/ ppfbufqdkif&m t&m&Sd}uD;tdrfwGif rD;zdkacsmif tvkyform;? ppfwyfu xdyfwef;tusqHk; acgif;aqmifwpkxJwGif xdkppft&m&Sdu wOD; tygt0if? xdkt&m&Sd. om;u rat;azghukd usm;waumifvdk acsmif;aecJhonf? bm;/ EkdufuvyfESifh txufvm$ =um;wGif umr&rRuEf iS fh xifovdak ysmyf g;vdu k pf m;ol/ ppft&m&S. d ZeD;u ol@om;ESifh +idpeG ;f rSmukd pdk;&drfonf? t+idtpGef;rcHEkdif/ xdk@a=umifh rat;azghukdem;csum t&mcHAdkvf '±dkifbmESifh ay;pm;cJh onf? t&mcHAdkvfvSóudifu rkqdk;zdk? uav;wa,muftaz? rat;azghu vSóudifESihf tdrfaxmif ðycJh& aomfvnf; aus;vufu v,frJh,mrJhpdwf"mwf/ aumufpdkufrpdwf"mwfu ajymif;vJroGm;cJhay? rat;azgh &Gmukdjyefa&mufvmpOf w&GmvHk;ukd a&mufatmifoGm;onf? wtdrfwufqif; E_wfquf av#mufvnf? rdk;aygufawGxJ uefoif;cHkwGif oli,fcsif; aumufpdkufrawGESihf 0kdif;zGJ@ xrif;pm;ovdk ,ckvnf; 0dkif;zGJ@umxrif;pm=u? a&SŒjzpfaemufa=umif;awG ajym=u/ &,f=u? rat;jrifhwdk@ rdwifa&$wdk@ u rat;azghukd wzGzGwoo csD;rGrf;=uonf? “a[m'Daumifr rdazgu h awmh t&ifvykd J bmrS rajymif;vJb;l æ ude;f cef;r}u;D / aoG;r}u;D æ rmer}uD; æ” xdkodk@wzGzG axmyemðy=uavonf? uefawmhypJG wifz@kd E_;d aqmfvu kd af omfvnf; pdwx f w J iG ef ifah eonf? nDrr*Fvmaqmifonfn h oli,fcsif;awG rdbawGESifh qHkqnf;&onfhnwGif ESpfaxmif;tm;& aysmf&$if&rnf jzpfaomfvnf; rvef;qef;EdkifbJ wcgwcgwGif v_dufI a=uuGJaeavonf? &ifxJwGif b0ifrusr_/ rauseyfr_awGu v_dif;xaewwfao;onf? b,fvdkajym&rvJ? t˜t tdyfrufovdk jzpfaeonf? AdkvfvSóudifESihf tdrfaxmifðycJh&yHk/ vif,lcJh&yHkukd ajymcsifyHkr&? &Gmukdjyefa&mufpOf jrifhrdk&fawmifESifh ZD;aphES,f uGmjcm; onfh b0awGukd E_dif;,SOfcsuft& awG@vdkuf&onf? &GmrSmaecJhpOfu Tr#jcm;em;oDacgifonfh b0awG ukdem;rvnfcJh? &GHŒawm/ AGufawm/ EGm;acs;awmwGif usifvnfae&mrS òrdŒawmf&Sdtm%m& ppft&m&Sd }uD;. ewfbHkewfeef;tdrfawmfwGif tvkyform;tjzpf tdrfwGif;tdrfjyif tvkyfvkyfaecJh&mrS csrf;om ºuG,f0jcif;ESihf qif;&JrGJawjcif;ukd E_dif;,SOfodjrifvmcJhonf? aiG&Sdol tm%m&SdolawGu usdusdwuf csrf;omae=u? ºuG,f0zGH@òzd;ae=u? xdyfqHk;u ppfAdkvfcsKyfawGqdkolawGrSm edAŠmefbHkay:wGif pnf;pdrfcHpm; pHpm;ae=uonfukd vufawG@jrifawG@ae&onf? &GmrSmu pdwfrcsrf;ajrŒp&m? xrif; weyfESifhweyf tvsifrDzdk@ ajy;v$m;±kef;uef &Smpm;ae=u&onf? iwfjywf=u/ qif;&JrGJaw=u/ vl@ tqifhtwef;u wajz;ajz;edrfhusvmvdkufwm ajr}uD;xJ wl;0ifvmae+yD? xdkuGmjcm;vGef;vSonfh b0awGukd ,SOfwGJ jrifae&onfhtwdkif; pdwfxdckdufrdonf? nDrtdrfaxmifðyawmh xyf+yD;cHpm;&jyefonf? apmifr&Sd/ jcifaxmifr&Sd/ xHk;pHtwdkif;ygyJvdk@ ajym&awmhrnf? tdk;cGufr&Sd/ tdrfcef;r&Sd/ acgif;tHk;r&Sd? pdwfxJwGif eifhaeavawmhonf? b,fol@ukd b,fvdkajym&rvJ? “uJæ tm±Hkðy=u æ teE Wig;yg;ukd OD;cdkufuefawmhvdkuf=u ” q&mOD;yef;v_difu quf+yD;toHðy E_d;aqmfvdkufawmhrS rat;azghtawG;u &yfoGm;onf? tpOftvm r*Fvmaqmifu bdodufq&muJhodk@ rvdktyfwmawGukd csJŒxGifajymraeeJ@awmh? 46

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

owdk@om; owdk@orD;wdk@ uefawmh+yD;onfESihf q&mu r*Fvmpum; ajym=um;csD;jr‡ifhonf? qkawmif; arwWmydk@oay;onf? q&mu acwfrD+yD;om;? a&muf&Sdaeaomacwfukd od&SdcHpm;aeol? vufawG@ b0ukd xif[yf+yD; tdrfaxmifr_b0ukd &Sif;jyonf? wu,fh vdktyfcsufudkom ajym=um;qHk;ronf? ukvm;jynfuvmaom [dENLukvm; ,Ofaus;r_ukd Armbk&ifawG acwfopfvlcsrf;omawGu vufcH ,lvdkuf=uonf? ykÀm;awG c±koif;r_wf bdodufoGef;ouJodk@ r_wf=u oGef;avmif;cJh=uonf? ukvm;,Ofaus;r_twdkif;yif jy\'g;/ &uf&mZma&G;cs,f r*FvmaqmifcJh=uonf? q&mu xdktpOf tvmukd tdrfay:odk@twufrcHbJ tdrfwHpuf+rdwftjyifwGif &yfcdkif;xm;vdkufonf? “ tdrfaxmifpkwck[m wdkif;jynfwckeJ@ twlwlyJuG æ rif;wdk@ tckvdktdrfaxmifwck pwif xlaxmifjcif;[m wdkif;jynf ao;ao;uav;wck xlaxmifvdkufwmyJuG æ tJ'Dawmh ukd,fvkyfwJh tvkyfwckukd ukd,fwdkifodzdk@vdkw,fuG æ wdkif;jynfwckukd wnfaqmufvdkufwmjzpfw,f æ 'ga=umifh }uD;us,fw,f/ crf;em;w,f/ euf±_dif;w,f/ aru armifhukdcspf/ armifuvnf; arhukdcspfvdk@ tdrfaxmif ðycJh=uayr,fhæ tcspfwckxJ &yfraeawmhbl;? vm+yD [dkbuftokdif;t0kdif; 'Dbuf todkif;t0kdif; qufqHa&;udpPawG æ vlr_a&;oabmw&m;awG ygvm+yDæ 'gwGifyJvm;qdkawmh r[kwfao;bl;cifAsm æ pD;yGm;a&;/ vlr_a&;/ bmoma&;/ ,Ofaus;r_ tJ'gawGukd aygif;csKyfvdkufawmh EkdifiHa&;aygh æ rsufuef; wap>ra=umufqdkovdk æ bmrSrjrif/ bmrSrodbJ tdrfaxmifðywmxuf 'Dtjrif 'DtodawGeJ@ tdrfaxmifðyawmh ydkaumif;wmaygh æ jy\emawG tcuftcJawGukd 'Dtodw&m;awGeJ@ ausmfjzwf &awmh ykd+yD;atmifjrifwmaygh æ tcspfqdkwm vlr_a&;oabmw&m;awG tjynfhyg0ifw,f æ um,uH&SifawG&JŒ yk*~vdu cHpm;r_oufouf r[kwfbl;aemf æ ” q&mOD;yef;v_difu cg;qef@vdkufonf? ol@pum;ukd acwW&yfem;vdkufonf? tzGm;rSefu acgif;wndwfndwfvkyfum em;axmifae&mrS 0ifaxmufvdkufonf? “'Dvrkd *Fvmpum;rsKd ; 'DuiG ;f xJrmS 'DwpfcgyJ em;axmif&ao;w,f/ orD;eJ@om; ESpaf ,mufxJ twGufom r[kwfbl;aemf tm;vHk;twGuf em;axmif=uuGJ@/ rSwfxm;=uuGJ@/ [kdtdrfatmufu vli,fawGaum q&mhr*Fvmpum;udk =um;=u&JŒvm;uGJ@æ” “=um;&w,ftzGm; usrwdk@*±kpdkuf+yD; em;axmifaewmyg” rat;azmholi,fcsif; rdwifa&$rSm apmapmuxJu a&mufvmcJhonf? bl;pifatmufwGif aumuf±kd;cif; *kefeDtdwfawGudk jzef@pDcsKyfxm;onfh *kefzsmudkcif;? xdk*kefzsmtcif;ay:wGif pkxdkif=u+yD; em;axmifae=ujcif;jzpfonf? va&mifu pdrf;jronf/ bl;&Gufrsm;udk jzwfoef;vmcJhojzifh rat;jrifh/ rdwifa&$/ oGm;z&Japhwdk@ tkyfpkonfvnf; pdrf;vJhaeonf? bl;pifudkarmh=unfhv#if bl;n$ef@/ bl;cuf/ uEkwfacG/ uEkwfEG,frsm;t=um;uae v0ef;udkawG@&onf? bl;&GufxlxlatmufwGif xdkif&oltzdk@ v0ef;rsufESmudk acsmif;=unfhrS &Sm=unfhrSawG@&onf? “atmifr,fav; æ vkyf=uOD;Asm æ”[laomtoHESifhtwl rD;zdkaqmifESifh wGJxm;onfh a&ujyifusdK;usonfh toHudk =um;vdkuf=uonf? tm;vHk; xdwfvef@oGm;=uonf? b,fol bmjzpf oGm;ao;vJ? b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ qlyGufoGm;avawmhonf? tdrfuao;awmh tdrfay:wufonfh t0if0wGif vlawGuydwfae+yD? tdrfay:wuf+yD; r*Fvmpum; em;axmif&eftwGuf tdrfaemufab; a&ujyifudk udkwdk;pdefvSrf;vdkufpOf a&ujyif+ydKus/ usdK;usoGm;jcif;jzpfonf? udkwdk;pdefu &ifxdwf 47

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

oGm;onf? 'l;acgi;f ta&jym; vefomG ;onf? a&td;k oH;k vH;k u wvH;k uGo J mG ;onf? rdwifa&$u udw k ;kd pdeu f kd qGJxl&if; “a':av;okefa& æ tdk;wvHk;awmh uGJoGm;+yD æ &Sifenf;&m t*~vlxGuf æ El&wJhtxJ 0JpGJæ”wAspfawmufawmuf atmf[pfaeavonf? a':ESif;okefu &ifwkef&ifckef+yD; pOfhtdk; uGJoGm; ovm; æ taraoawmh &vdkufwJhtarGav/ taraooGm;awmh bmrSrusefcJhbl; æ tJ'D pOfhtdk;uav;yJ usefcJhwm æ 'ga=umifh tarh trSwfw&rdk@yg æ ”[k vSrf;ajymvdkufonf? q&m OD;yef;v_id u f oufjyif;wcsucf svu kd o f nf? rat;azgh pdwrf oufrom jzpfomG ;onf? od@k aomf [efrysuf aevdkufonf? ukdwdk;pdefvnf; c%twGif; tdrfay:odk@a&mufvmonf? q&mu r*Fvmtcrf;tem;ukd xdef;onfhtaejzifh ol@pum;udkol jyefpavonf? “tckyJ awG@vdkuf& =um;vdkuf&w,fr[kwfvm; æ tck 'Dtdrfuav;[m csrf;om ºuG,f0ol&JŒ ckdifcef@wJhtdrf/ 'grSr[kwf wdkufwm taqmuftOD; jzpfaew,fqdk&if a&ujyifusKd;usp&m ta=umif;r&Sdbl; æ a':ESif;okef&JŒ tarqHk;yg;oGm;awmh a':ESif;okef&vdkufwJh pD;yGm;a&;tarG&,f æ aemufwck tarG&vdkufwJh pOfhtkd;uav;wvHk;&,f/ 'gawG[m vlawG&JŒ b0tajctaeawGukd &nfnGef;aewm æ EkdifiHa&;aygh? acwfpepfaygh æ 'DacwfpepfxJrSm jzpfaewJhb0qdkawmh pD;yGm;a&; EkdifiHa&;eJ@udk rvGwfawmhbl; æ ” acgif;&if; oHk;tdrfausmfwGif vli,fwodkufu r*FvmnpmtwGuf csufðywfae=uonf? olw@kd . &,farmoHrsm; aemufajymifuspD ,forH sm;/ ac:iif[pfaºuG;oHrsm;u tdru f av;xJo@kd ±ku d cf wf vmavonf? q&mOD;yef;v_difu ol@wynfh ESpfa,mufjzpfonfh owdk@om; owdk@orD;udk pl;pdkuf =unfhvdkufonf? “q&majymcsifwmukd a&mufvm+yD æ q&mwdk@wawGtm;vHk;rSm acwfwm0efawG&Sdw,f æ owkd@om; owdk@orD;tygt0if tm;vHk;rSmwm0ef&Sdw,f æ rdom;pkb0rSm at;at;csrf;csrf; vGwfvGwfvyfvyf vkyfukdif pm;aomufcsif=uw,f æ q&mwkd@wdkif;jynfu rat;csrf; rwnf+idrfawmh yd+k yD; qif;&JwiG ;f eufvmw,f æ wwdik ;f jynfv;kH vlxu k awmif;qdw k hJ 'Dru kd a&pDe@J vGwv f yfrq _ w kd mukd igwdk@tpdk;&r[kwfwJh rw&m;zdESdyfaewJh ppftkyfpku csKyfcs,fxm;wkef;? ydwfyifxm;wkef;bJ? vlxkawG a&G;cs,fxm;wJh vlxkukd,fpm;vS,fawGukd tpdk;&zGJ@pnf;cGifh vHk;0ray;bl;? aoewfeJ@ ydwfyifxm;jyef w,f? 'Dawmh olwdk@ydwfxm;wmukd igwdk@tm;vHk;u zGifh=u&rSmyJ? igwkd@oGm;csifwJhvrf;udk ydwfvdk@ r&a=umif; xkwfjy&r,f? wcsufxJeJ@ xdatmifrdatmifajym&&if 'D ppftm%m&Sifpepfqdkwmukd zsufodrf;ypfzdk@ tm;vHk;rSm wm0ef&Sdw,f? cgwdkif;vdkyJ v,fxJqif;vdkuf/ awmwufvdkuf/ v,fxGef vdkuf/ xifaygufa&xrf; xrif;pm;a&aomuf tvkyfawGeJ@wif r+yD;awmhbl;? b0awGukd qif;&JwGif; eufatmif/ rnDr#atmif/ rr#watmif vkyfaewJhpepfukd zsufodrf;ypfzdk@ wdkufyGJawGxJrSm yg0if=u& ayvdrfhr,f? ” OD;yef;v_dif toHtaetxm;u rmausmonfvnf;r[kwf jyif;xefonfvnf;r[kwf wufºuGr_awmh &Sdaeonf? olajymvdkonfh t"dy`g,f yef;wkdifa&mufap&ef yHkazmfI ajymwwfol? pum;ajymaumif;ol? =urf;&ifhonfh EkdifiHa&;pum;vHk;rsm;ukd o,faqmifvmcJhonfh [efyefavoHrSm tdrftjyifu va&mifuJhodk@ acsmarG@ nufanmaeavonf? em;axmifol. &ifwGif;odk@ prf;acsmif;a& uJhodk@ w+idrfh+idrfhpD;0ifavonf? tom;ndKndK/ rsufESm0dkif;0kdif;/ ESmwHay:ay:/ ar;±dk;u awmifhwif;um 48

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ay:vGifaeonf? xljcm;onfh q&mhvuQ%mrSm ºuGm;0gr_ rmefrme [dwf[efr&Sdjcif;jzpfonf? v,form;wOD;uJhodk@ ±dk;±dk;}uD;? “wdik ;f jynfu vGwv f yf+yD; w&m;r#w+yDq&kd if æ tdraf xmifðy=uwJh vli,fawG b,favmuf om,m=urvJ? tckawmh orD;eJ@om;wdk@[m rajy;omra&SmifombJ qif;&JwGif;}uD;xJ a&muf=u& tHk;r,f æ b0rSm bmrS tmrcHcsufr&Sdbl;/ wckawmhaumif;w,f/ bmaumif;ovJqdkawmh rif;wdk@ igwdk@rSm bmrSwyfrufp&m bmykdifqdkifr_rS r&Sdbl; æ aemufqHwif;p&m r&Sdbl; æ 'gha=umihf pGef@vGwf pGef@pm;+yD; pepfqdk;acwfqdk;ukd zsufodrf;zdk@ wdkufyGJ0ifzdk@qdkwm toifhjzpfaew,f? tJ'DvdkrS acwfwm0ef ukd rxrf;Ekdifbl;qdk&if æ rif;wdk@arG;vmwJh æ aemufarG;vm=urJh om;awG orD;awG rsKd;qufawGvnf; æ rif;wdk@ tarGay;xm;wJhtwdkif; qif;&J rGJaw=uaytHk;awmhaygh æ rr#w rat;csrf;bJ æ ppfu|ef b0xJrSm qufae=uayawmhayghuGm æ [kwfvm; ” aemufq;kH pum;vH;k wGif cHjyif;r_rsm;ygomG ;onf? q&mrsm; tpnf;ta0;wGiv f nf; xdo k @kd yif ajymwwfo?l vGaJ csmaf eaom ynma&;/ qif;&JwiG ;f eufvo S nfh ausmif;om;rdbawGudk uk, d x f u l , dk x f rlvwef;ausmif;rsm; ay:aygufap&ef óud;yrf;a&;wkd@ukd tpnf;ta0;Y jywfjywfxifxif a0zefcJhol? &Spfav;vHk; ta&;awmfyHk}uD;wGif òrdŒe,f taemufzufjcrf;wckvHk;ukd vlxkESifhtwl OD;aqmifum ukid v f y_ cf o hJ ?l tm%modr;f onhpf pftyk pf u k OD;yef;v_id u f dk tvkyðf zwfypfco hJ nf? r+yD;ao;onfh ynma&; bGJ@oifwef;ukd &yfqdkif;vdkufonf? ,cktcg aus;&Gmvlxku q&mhukdpmoifcdkif;onf? q&mhtdrfESihf wqufwnf; pmoifcef;wck wnfaqmufay;xm;=uonf? q&mhrdom;pktwGuf 0rf;pmpyg; tenf; i,fukd pkaqmif;jznfhqnf; ay;xm;=uonf? q&mu pmoif&if; [if;&GufoD;ESH pdkufysKd;a&mif;cs pm;ae avonf? aus;vufvlxku q&mhukd av;pm;cspfcif=u/ =unfndK tm;xm;=uavonf? q&mu Toajyawm&GmESihf wrdkifomoma0;onfh 'kdufuef&GmwGif aexdkifonf? r*Fvmpum; csD;jr‡ifhzdk@ uefawmhcH&ef yifhzdwfonfhtwGuf q&mu a&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? owkd@om;ESihf owkd@orD;u q&mhwynfhawG r[kwfvm;? q&mOD;yef;v_difu vuf&Sd EkdifiHa&;tajctae wckvHk;ukd &Sif;jyonf? oHk;oyf=uonf? rdom;pkwckESihf xdkEkdifiHa&;ukd qufpyfjyonf? xdk@jyif trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyfjzpfonfh trsKd;om; wyfOD;}uD;. tcef;u¾ukd a&mufvmonf? vlxku tm%mtyfESif;xm;onfh/ vlxk ukd,fpm;vS,f awG o nf ,ck u J o d k @ tpd k ; &zG J @ cG i f h r &onf h t cg jynf o l v l x k a wG x H jyef v moif h o nf ? jyefvm&rSmjzpfonf? vlxkawGeJ@twl vlxkvrf;pOf wnfaqmuf+yD; jynfol@v$wfawmfukd ac:&rnf? tpdk;&w&yf zGJ@pnf;&rnf? xdkvrf;twdkif; oGm;&rnf[k a0zefoHk;oyfavonf? q&mu pum;tvsifukd &yfvdkufpOf bl;pifatmufu rdwifa&$wdk@tkyfpkrSm pdwftwGif;wGif vif;vufoGm;=uum v_yfv_yf&G&G ajymqdka0zef=uavonf? q&majymwm rSefwmaygh æ ppfwyfu b,fvdkyJ wmqD;ydwfyifygap æ odkodkodyfodyf uspfuspfvpfvpfeJ@ pkpnf;&rSmaygh æ 'Dv$wfawmf udk,fpm;vS,fawGu cktwdkif;qdk b,fwm0efausyghrvJ æ 'DcsKyfygwDuvnf; usKyfwdk@awmudk qif;rvmygbl;awmf æ ponfjzifh qlyGufxvmavonf? q&mu “ighwdk@awGxH a&mufvmawmhr,fh ppftrdef@u bmvJqdkwm od=uyg&J@vm; ”[kar;vkdufpOf ar;cGef;a=umifh c%+idrfoGm;onf? “ppftm%m&SifawGu olwdk@om w&m;0if tpdk;&jzpfw,fqdkwm jyEkdifzdk@ +yD;cJhwJh a&G;aumufyGJtajzukd 49

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

*±krpdu k af =umif; jyEkid zf @kd olw@kd u, dk w f idk f a&;qGx J m;wJh zG@J pnf;tkycf sKyfyOkH ya'ukd twnfðyay;=uygqw kd m vmawmhr,f”[kqdkum &yfvkdufonf? “owk@d om;eJ@ owd@k orD;u bmvkyrf vJ æ rdwifa&$w@kd ukb d at;wd@k uaum bmvky=f urvJ æ ae0if;acwfuvdkyJ aoewfatmufrSm rJay;=urSmvm;? ” armifjrrif;ESifh rat;a=umhu q&mhrsufESmukd armh=unfhae=uonf? u|efawmfwdk@ u|efrwdk@ bmvkyf&rvJq&m qdkonfh ar;cGef;ESifh xyfwlonfht=unfh? ukdwdk;pdefeJ@ rat;azghu wdkifyifxm;ovdk a&SŒqifhaemufqifh ajzvdkuf=uonf? “b,fawmhrS raxmufcH=ueJ@? b,fvdkenf;eJ@rS axmufcHp&m rJxnfhp&m ta=umif;r&Sdbl;? q&majymwJh Oya'qdkwm aoewfeJ@tkyfcsKyfaewJh vlwpku a&;qGJ&rSm r[kwfbl;? ckeu ajymcJhwJh vlxkv$wfawmf æ u a&;qGJ&rSm?” q&mOD;yef;v_difu a&aEG;yk*Hukd vSrf;,l um taiG@xaeonfh a&aEG;ukd wzl;zl; r_waf omufaeavonf?“uJ æ rdbawGuvnf; om;eJ@orD;ukd bmrsm;qHk;rrSm=um;=urvJ æ ajym=uygtHk;”[k q&mu a&aEG;aomuf&if; wkdufwGef;avonf? tzGm;rSefu vifh0wW&m;/ r,m;0wW&m;awGukd &Gwfjy/ tJh'Dacwfwm0efukdyg aus¹yGef&rwJh? tzGm;wdk@acwfwkef;u tzGm;wkd@u 'gawG[m ukd,fhudpPqdkwm ukd,fhwm0efqdkwm rodcJhbl;? OD;EkukdyJ rJay;cJhwm? olrsm;ukdyHkcs+yD; ,HkcJhwm? rJay;cJhwm? q&majymwm rSefvGef;vdk@ cufaewm æ ? tm;vHk;u wm0ef,l=u&r,f/ ypfy,fxm;vdk@r&bl;qdkwm trSefyJ? tzGm;wdk@acwfu rif;avmif;ar#mfwJh acwfukd; uGJ@ æ [k uGrf;òrHŒ&if;ajymavonf? “vlawGu bmjzpfcsifwmvJ æ jzpfcsifwmukd vlawGukd,fwkdif zefwD;wJhacwfayghuG,f æ” tzGm;rSefu ol@qHk;rpum;ukd tqHk;owfvdkufyHk&onf? c%=umawmh q&mOD;yef;v_difu rat;azghukd yGJawmif;onf? &efukefrjyefrD nDrESifharmifukd bmrsm; ajymcJhcsifvJ qHk;rcsifvJ? ajymqkd qHk;rcJhygtHk;av æ [kq&mu &,foHpGufI vrf;zGifhay;onf? tm;vHk;u v_yfv_yf&G&GjzpfoGm;um “ [kwfw,f æ rdazghu ajymqdkvrf;jycJh&rSm æ ” rdwifa&$u ol@oli,fcsif;rukd awmif;qdkavonf? tm;vHk;u [kwfw,f æ qdk+yD; axmufcH=uavonf? rat;azghu awmufawmufyy tvS jc,fr_ef; rxm; yvGm;r_r&Sd? [dwfawG [efawGr&Sd? olr. yifudk,ftvSukd ,Of,Ofa=umha=umh jzpf±Hkavmuf jc,fxm;onf? ol@nrD owd@k orD; rat;a=umhuadk wmh wifw h ,fvyS atmif jc,fre_ ;f ay;xm;avonf? rdef;uav;b0u xHk;wrf;tpOfvmt& 'Dr*Fvmwckwnf;&Sdwm æ [lonfh a&S;±dk; rd±dk;zvmukd =um;a,mif&if; nDrukd ykdI tvSjyifay;onf? tysKdb0&JŒ aemufqHk;nudk wo E_wfqufouJ@odk@ tvSjyifavonf? a=umha=umharmharmh vSaeonfh owdk@orD;u trbmajymrvJ iHhvifhum owdk@om;ESihftwl armh=unfhonf? “q&mqHk;roGm;wJhtxJrSm rnDr#r_awG/ rr#wr_awG rat;csrf;r_awG &Sdaew,fvdk@ ajymoGm;w,f? tJ'g wu,fh trSefw&m;yJ æ tJ'gukd xyf+yD;ajymcsifvdk@yg? 'Dn u|efrpdwfxJrSm rauseyfr_awGvnf;jzpfrdw,f æ &ifxJrSmvnf; qdk@eifhaerdw,f æ bma=umifh ckvdkcHpm;&wmvnf; qdkawmh rnDr#r_/ rr#wr_awGa=umifhygyJ æ 'DrSm&Sdae=uwJh atmufajc vlwef;pm;awGu qif;&J jymusae=u/ iwfrGwfae=u/ tcGifhta&;bmwckrS r&=uayr,fhvnf; ppfAdkvfcsKyfawGrSmu csrf;om ºuG,f0r_ rdk;xdatmif avScg;axmifwuf+yD; vlay:vlaZmfvkyfae=u vufn‡dK;nGef&m a&jzpfae=u/ avmupnf;pdrf t&omukd wjym;rav#mhatmif cHpm;pHpm;ae=u æ 'Dvdk rdk;eJ@ajrvkd uGmjcm;r_awGukd 50

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

od&avav pdwfroufrom jzpf&avavaygh? ” r*Fvmaqmif tdrfuav;xJwGif +idrfoufaeavonf? pum;ajymoHu &yfvdkufpOf +idrfoufr_u xif;ceJ ay:vmonf? npmpm;yGJtwGuf csufðywfae=uonfh vGef;armifESihf ausmfpdefwdk@ xHrS atmfoH[pfoHrsm;vnf; wdk;wdwfoGm;+yD? “u|efrtvkyfvkyfaewJh tvkyf&SifppfAdkvfcsKyf&JŒom; aZmfrdk;ausmfeJ@ Adkvfrl;csKyfwkd@&JŒorD; ol&, d cifoZl mwk@d r*Fvmaqmif[m olw@dk todik ;f t0kid ;f awGxrJ mS t}uD;us,q f ;kH xJu t}uD;us,q f ;kH r*FvmaqmifygyJ æ }uD;us,fw,f crf;em;w,fqkdwm aumif;jrwfwJh tusifhpm&dwWeJ@ wkdif;wmvdk@ r&bl;aygh æ aZmfrdk;ausmfu =umulvD/ ppfAdkvf&JŒr,m;ukd =umcdkaewJhaumif/ usra,mufsm; ajymjywmuawmh 'Daumifu vl±_yfvlayG/ vl@awav *sydk;/ ol&d,cifolZmu wdwfwdwfykef;wckvyf? uAsmq&meJ@ vdkufajy;wmukd rdbawGu +cdrfajcmuf+yD; twif;qGJac:vmcJh&wm? xm;ygawmh? olwdk@ r*Fvmaqmifu }uD;us,fw,f crf;emw,fvdk@ ajymae=uwmu um;tpD;ESpfq,f r*FvmvufzGJ@ &&Sdvdk@yJ? olwkd@ajymwJht"dy`g,fu pdefu b,fESpfqifpm/ um;ub,fESpfpD; æ 'Dvdkðydif=uwmukd;/ rsm;rsm;&av }uD;us,fcrf;em;avyJwJh/ aZmfrdk;ausmfeJ@ ol&d,cifolZmwkd@twGuf&wJh r*Fvm vufaqmif&wJhum;awGu vmbfxdk;=uwJh pD;yGm;a&;orm;awG&JŒ usdefpmoifhvdk@xifyg&JŒ æ r*Fvm aqmifwJhnrSmyJ +cHpnf;±dk; tkwfeH&H}uD;òydusum um;ig;pD; ysufpD;oGm;ygava&m/ rSwfua&m? ” “tvky&f iS v f yk f ief;&Siaf wG æ tm%m&Sd ppfAv kd af wG aumif;pm;=u/ wefc;kd xGm;=uwJh acwf&ŒJ jy,k*fayghuG,f æ” “atmf æ wdk@awG=uawmhvnf; qif;&JrGJawvdkuf=uwm urf;ukefa&m æ ” q&mOD;yef;v_dif;eJ@ owdk@om;tar a': jrcspfu rat;azghajymjyaeonfh Zmwfvrf;ukd aumufcsufqGJ=uonf? wufacgufolu wufacguf? tHh=oolu thH=o? owdk@om;eJ@ owkd@orD;wdk@. zcifrsm;rSm acgif;wqwfqwf ndwfae=uonf? “armifjrrif;eJ@ nDrav;wd@k r*Fvmaqmife@J ol&, d cifoZl meJ@ aZmfr;kd ausmw f @kd r*Fvmaqmif ESpfckukd E_dif;,SOf =unfhaerdw,f? uGmjcm;vdkufwm? wckawmh&Sdw,faygh/ usrarmifeJ@ usrnDru ±dk;om;jzLpifw,f æ tJ'guawmh *k%f,lp&myJ? ±dk;om;jzLpifr_yJ csrf;omw,f? [dkbufwjcrf;rSm&SdwJh tay:xyfuvlawGuawmh a&$bakH &$eef; a&$=uiSe;f ay:rSm ae=uayr,fv h @kd vlpw k /f vl±y_ /f vlyyk af wG æ tusifhoDvawG pdwf"gwfawGu ykyftJheHapmfaewJh vl@rvkdifcJawG” rdwifa&Gaum rat;jrifhyg rat;azghxHrS xl;xl;qef;qef; =um;vdkuf&onfh a0g[m&rsm;ukd pdwfESifh qdk=unhfae=uonf? wa,mufwayguf xifjrifcsuftrsKd;rsKd; xGufvm=uonf? rat;jrifhu “owkd@om;ESifh owdk@orD;ukd u|efrwkd@vli,fawGu pk+yD; vufaqmifypPnf; ay;ygw,f? um;vnf; vufrzG@EJ idk yf gb;l uG,/f pdeq f v kd @kd ykvif;uGpJ zefupJG yJ&w dS ,f? a[m'DrmS usrwd@k tm;vH;k &JŒarwWmapwem vufzGJ@ypPnf;”[kqdkum r*Fvmaqmif r*Fvmpum;ukd tqHk;owfvkdufonf? xrif;tdk;ESihf [if;tkd;ao;ao;ESpfvHk;u 'eftdk;awG? oH',ftdk;av;uwvHk;? usefwJh aomufa&tdk;awG/ ig;yda&tdk;/ [if;&Gufðywftdk;/ a&aEG;tdk;/ jiKyfqHkwdk@u ajrxnfypPnf;awG? wGHaw;u vmonfhtdk;awG? aus;vufwckvHk;onf ya'o&mZf acwftwdkif;yif &Sdaeao;a=umif; ajrtdk;ajrcGuf rsm;u jyovsuf&Sdonf? rat;azghu aoG;ylum &ifckefaeavonf? jynfharmufvmcJhaom cHpm;r_udk 51

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

&ifckefvd_ufarmpGm ajymcJh+yD;+yD? ,ckxyfóuH&jyefavonf? “usrtvkyfvkyfaewJh ppfAdkvfcsKyftdrfu rD;zdkacsmifukd owd&vdkufwm æ olwkd@uawmh 'Dvdkajrtdk;awG roHk;=uawmhbl;? olwdk@qDrSm ajrtkd;acwf ukefoGm;+yDrat;jrifha&Œ æ v#yfppfypPnf; v#ypf pft;kd / acwfrt D oH;k taqmifawGe@J Zdrcf aH e=uwmawmfa&Œæ &Siw f @dk usrwd@k u acwfaemufuswek ;f æ 'DvlawGu oem;p&maumif;ygw,fav æ EGm;vSnf;vJ rpD;zl;bl; æ” rdazg. h aigo h aH xhoH oa&mfoaH =umihf tdru f av;onf &,fojH zihf odro hf rd hf wkeo f mG ;avonf? r*Fvm tcrf;tem;vnf;t+yD; npmcsufòywfonfh tzGJ@uvnf;t+yD;? vGef;armiftdrfa&SŒu bl;pif usKd;usJatmufu *kefeDzsmay:wGif pkpnf;um umvom;csuf bl;oD;a&m =uufom;[if;eJ@ npm pm;=uonf? iSufaysmzufawGcif;um iSufaysmzufay:wGif xrif;yHk[if;yHk+yD; +rdef+rdef&Suf&Suf pm;=u onf? wu,fu aemufuG,fu yHhydk;ay;aeolrSm rat;azghjzpfonf? r*FvmqGrf; bkef;}uD; uyf&mu tp owdk@om;owdk@orD; t0wftxnf0,fay;jcif;tv,f/ vGef;armifwkd@ umvom; umvorD; wpkudk owkd@om;jrrif;ay;&onfh aiGoHk;axmiftqHk; rat;azgh yHhydk;ay;cJhjcif;omjzpfonf? npmpm;yGJ t+yD;wGif q&mOD;yef;v_difukd vSnf;jzifh vdkufydk@vkduf=uonf? owdk@om;. ukd,f&Hawmf pdk;vif;OD;wdk@ armifjrifw h @kd u vdu k yf @kd avonf? tjyma&mifaemufcH ydwu f m;ay:wGif csw d q f x JG m;onfh vrD;tdro f nf xdefIvif;I vufaeavonf? “a[haumifjrrif; æ oef;wifvdkawmh rvkyfeJ@aemf” pdwfxJwGif xdkyJhwifoHukdoJhohJ=um;&if; jrrif;wukd,fwnf; usdwf+yD;&,faeavonf? &mZ0ifpmwifcJhonfh oef;wif/ ajymprSwfðycJh&onfh oef;wif? tdrfaxmifðy+yD; ckESpf&uft=umwGif vifr,m;uGcJ =hJ u&onf? qif;&JveG ;f onfb h 0Y wJtrd u f av;wGif tdrcf ef;r&S?d 0g;=urf;cif;u rnDnm? toHaygif;pHkxGufonf? 0g;=urf;cif;ay:wGif tdyfcJh&? vifr,m;b0ukd pwifcJh=u&onf? a,muQr/ c,frawGeJ@twl aecJh&onf? vli,fobm0 tdrfaxmifusp vifr,m;b0ukd yGifhyGifhvif;vif; rcHpm;&onfhtqHk; rdef;rukd ausmcdkif;xm;cJhum a,muQrtdrfay:rS oef;wifqif;vmcJhonf? t&yfxw J iG f ajymprSw&f cJo h nfh oef;wifjzpfvmcJo h nf? wu,fu a=uuGpJ &m oef;wifw@dk tjzpftysufukd jrrif;u aumif;aumif; rSwfom;xm;avonf? jrrif;u ESpfbufrdbtdrfawGrSm nbufwGif raevdkawmh? &Gmxdyfu ukdwdk;pdefwkd@wvif;uGuf&Sd aumuf±dk;yHkjyef@usJay:wGif aumuf±kd; tdrfwvHk; zefwD;vdkufonf? aemufvwGif tdro f pfuav;aqmufrnf? raqmufvyk rf D aumuf±;dk tdru f av;wGif tdy=f u rnf? armifjrrif;ESihf rat;a=umhwdk@u v,fulvDawG? v,fr&Sd /,mr&Sd? xdk@a=umifh wvif;uGufvJr&Sd aumuf±dk;r&Sd? ukdwdk;pdefwvif;uGufukd tm;ukd;&jcif;jzpfonf? pyg;pkdufcsdefu v,fxGefcJhonfh xGefwHk; ESpfwHk;ukd armifjrrif;u xrf;,lvmcJhonf? xdkxGefwHk;ESpfwHk;ukd arSmufvdkuf+yD; xGefwHawGukd wck ay:wck ,Sufwifxm;vdkufonf? toifh&Smxm;onfh 0g;vHk;rsm;ukd xGefwHrsm;wGif rSD+yD; axmifxm; vkdufonf? a&$@avsmroGm;&ef ESD;jzifh wkyfcsnfxm;vdkufonf? trmcH0g;wef; xGefwH ay:odk@ aumuf±dk;wayG@+yD;wayG@ ypfwifvdkufonf? wc%wGif *laygufwaygufESihf aumuf±dk;tdrfuav; jzpfoGm;onf? 52

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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53

armifpdk;csdef

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azaztwGuf jyD;awmh .......

a

1 azazhtwGuf trSww f & vGr;f ol@yef;cdik ?f eDapG;vef;pGifhaeonfh ESif;qDyGifhawG? ar$;&eH@wdk@ oif;=unfaeonfh ESif;qDyGifhawG? azazhtwGuf? +yD;awmhtm;vHk;twGuf? wdk;a0S@wufol/ qif;ol awGEiS hf rxdcu kd /f '%f&mr&atmif/ ESi;f qDyef;pnf;udk &ifciG x f w J iG f ayG@zufumuG,+f yD; bwfpu f m;ay:rS qif;vmcJo h nf? ig;aowœmbl;xJu ig;rsm;uJo h @kd bwfpf um; 0rf;acgif;xJwGif vlawGu tawmifhvdkuf tcJvdkuf? vltawmifh}uD;xJu xdk;cGJwdk;a0S@ qif; vmcJ&h ojzifh yvufazmif;ay: a&mufvmonft h cg oD&Od ;D rSm arm[ku d o f mG ;avonf? =um=umarmcGihf r&? wc%yJ arm[kdufvdkuf&onf? ta&;ay: vlemXmeudk oGm;&rSmygvm;qdkonfh todu 0ifvmaeojzifh ajcvSrf;awGu cyfoGufoGuf av#mufvSrf;rdvsufom; jzpfoGm;onf? bufpfum;*dwfESihf ta&;ay:Xmeu odyfawmhra0;uGmvS? xdkt&yfa'oukdyJ a&muf csiv f o S nfph w d u f xufoefum aZmuyfaeonf? azazu tJ ' D t &yf a 'ou pwif x G u f c G m +yD ; aemufq;kH c&D;ukd csw D ufcw hJ m r[kwv f m;? aq;±Hk }uD; ta&;ay:Xmeodk@ oGm;&jcif;rSm azazhaemuf qH;k c&D;. tpukad jc&mcH+yD; c&D;qH;k onfah 'oqDo@kd tazuJhodk@ csDwufvdkIjzpfonf? tazhpdwf"mwf ESifh ±kyfyHkv$mudk pdwfxJrSm b,fvdkrsm; jyefawG@& rvJ? jyefawG@&atmif c&D;tp aq;±H}k u;D ta&;ay: Xmeodk@ a&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? 54

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armifpdk;csdef

xdkpOfu olwdk@om;tzESpfOD;. terf;E_wfqufyGJ ukd ±_pm;aeonfh yGJ=unfhy&dowfESpfOD;rSm oD&d tar rat;oD w m(,ck - a':at;oD w m)ES i f h a'gufwmoufarmifOD;. oli,fcsif; a'gufwm atmifjrifhwdk@ jzpfavonf? ig;ESpf0ef;usift&G,f oD&du azazoufarmifO;D . vnfwidk u f dk rvGwf wrf; zufw, G x f m;onfukd &,farmoHjzihf “orD; v$wfuGm v$wfvdkufawmh/ azaz aemufusae vdrfhOD;r,f”[k acsmharmhajymqdkonf? orD;u rv$ w f ? terf ; E_ w f q uf y G J jzpf v mcJ h o nf ? a'gufwmatmifjrifhESifh rat;oDwmu om;tz ESpfa,muf. eyef;yGJao;ao; av;ukd=unfhum &,farm=uavonf? wu,fu cspfaom/ =uifem ,k,aom/ om;trd om;tz oH;k a,mufb0. tvStyawGonf zsuq f ;D acsre_ ;f jcif;cH&awmhrnfh aemufqHk;puUef@/ rdepfrsm;ukd qdkufa&mufae+yD qdkonfukd b,folrS rod=u? orD;av;oD&u d óudwif odjrifxm;ESihf avovm;rod? orD;u azhazhurdk v$waf wmh? vufacsmif; uav;awGu oH c sd w f u av;rsm; aomh c wf x m;onf h e ,f cdik =f unf+r+J rH aeavonf? “tarvkyftHk;avuGm/ orD;ukd acsm armhac:OD;avuGm/ awG@w,fr[kwfvm;/ rv$wf awmhbl;? orDudk ±kef;vdk@ r&awmhbl;tar&JŒ æ vkyfygOD; ” tarjzpfolukd ppful awmif;aeav onf? 'DawmhrS rat;oDwmu orD;av;ukd odrf;ayG@um æ “orD;v$wv f u kd u f , G /f azazoGm;ygap/ tJ'Dvdkrvkyf&bl;? ”[kqdkum qGJac:onf? r&? aemufq;k H wcsuaf iguu f m qGaJ qmifh ac:,lvu kd o f nf? orD;av;oD&d vufESpfbufrSm avxJ wGif qef@wef;v#uf yHkrysufajrmufwufae&mrS wajz;ajz;jcif; nGwfauG; usoGm;avonf? xGef@ xGef@vl;um idkavawmhonf? ol@taz tjyif

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

xGuo f nft h cgwidk ;f xdo k @kd wufrwwf csurf wwf ido k nfr[kw?f ,ck ridpk zl; tidx k ;l pGm idak vonf? wkdufqdkifr_yif qdk&vdrfhrnf? “azazorD;vdkufr,f/ orD;ukd rxm; cJheJ@/ azazhaemufukd vdkufcJhr,f? azazorD;ukd rcspfbl;” tdrf=urf;jyifay:u vl;vJusKH;xum tazh a emuf u k d tajy;vd k u f a vonf ? orD ; aemufu taru xyfcsyfruGmajy;vdkuf? tdrf twuftqif; avSum;xdyfwGif orD;av;ukd taru vSrf;qGJrdavonf? orD;av;ukd ayG@zuf acsmh,l&onf? oD&du &ifcGifxJu vl;vJxum “azazh u k d E_ w f q uf z d k @ ”[k q d k o nf ? tid k u d k ±kwfw&uf &yfypfvdkufavonf? “azaz orD; E_wfqufaew,fav/ orD;udkjyef+yD; E_wfquftHk;av” orD;av;oD&du toHukef [pfatmf ajymaeavonf? aemuf wa=umh? tazoufarmifO;D u r=um;avovm;? =um;&ufESifh orD;xyfidkrSmpdk;I rodusdK;u|ef jyKavovm;rod? um;vrf;ul;&ef um;vrf;udk apmif;iJ=h unfah eojzifh rsuEf mS wjcrf;udk vSr;f awG@ ae&onf? orD;av;udk jyefvSnfh r=unfhawmh? “azaza&/ orD; E_wq f ufaew,fav” r=um;awmh? =um;onfhwdkif jyefvSnfh r=unfhawmh? orD;av;rSm vd_ufI qdk@Iidkav onf? ol@&iftHkuav;rSm uGJtufyGifhxGufoGm; awmhrwwf qdk@aeavonf? rsuf&nfawGu yg;jyifay: pD;usvmcJhum rsuf&nfawGu tjrif tm±kHudk a00g;oGm;apavonf? rsuf&nfpuf awGudk jzLEkazmif;tdaom vufcHkuav;jzifh w±_H@±_H@okwfz,fvdkufonf? xdktcsdefu azazh aemuf a =um/ azazh r suf E S m wjcrf ; w0uf u d k um;vrf;tul;wGif vSrf;awG@jrifvdkuf&jcif;onf aemufqkH; ±kyfyHkum;csyf jzpfaeavonf? araru orD;udkayG@csD+yD; acsm@&onf? tay:E_wfcrf;u 55

armifpdk;csdef

auG;usaeum atmufE_wfcrf;av;u rJhaeonfh orD;av;rsufESmudk w±_duf±_dufiHk@erf;um axG;ayG@ acsm@odyfcJhavonf? xdkumvrSpwifum jyefr vmEkid af wmhonfh t&yfqo D @kd orD;taz xGuo f mG ; cJhavonf? emusnf;a=uuGJaeonfh taronf orD;av;udk txyfxyfacsm@um ukpm; azsmif;zs &avonf? b0wGif touf i,f&G,fEke,fonfh ig;ESpf0ef;usift&G,ftxdom azaz. tcspf arwWmwdk@udk &cJhonf? =uifem ,k,aom tazh vufoG,f vufacsmif;rsm;udk &&SdcJhonf? aemuf xyfr&Ekid fawmh? xdt k cg tarhvufukd tpm;xd;k cJ&h avonf? aq;±H}k uD; ta&;ay:vlemXme. avScg; tkwfcHkodk@ a&mufvmonf? tkwfcHkukd cvkyfwdkuf rdonf? avScg;tedrfhtjrifh xdawG@r_u ol@tawG; ukd ±kwfw&uf &yfwef@ypfvdkufonf? 'DawmhrS ta&;ay:Xme trd k ; rsuf E S m usuf a tmuf o d k @ a&mufvmrSef; od&awmhonf? p}uø vrf;ay:wGif vlawGudk wdr;f a&Smif&if; t*Faw uGeu f &dwikd rf sm;/ eH&Hrsm;ukd xdawG@&onf? “azazh a emuf q H k ; c&D ; uk d 'D a e&mu pwifxGufcGmcJhwmaygh? azaza& orD; 'Dae&mukd a&mufvmcJh+yDazaz” pdwfxJwGif tazudk wdkifwnfvdkuf onft h oHrmS &ifxw J iG f v_id ;f x±du k cf wfomG ;onf? aemufq;kH pum;vH;k rsm;u ±_u d o f q H ifu h m wke&f if oGm;avonf? “orD;wkd@om;trdudk xm;&pfcJhwm uk;d ESp&f o dS mG ;+yaD zaz? 'gayrJh orD;wd@k &ifxJ tonf; xJrSm azaz&Sdaew,f? azazhukd orD;wdk@ ae@pOf ae@wdkif; vGrf;ae=uw,f? wrf;wae=uw,f? tJ ' g azazod & J @ vm;[if ? &if x J r S m azaz &Sdaeygw,fqdkayr,fh wu,f=uawmh orD;wdk@ rdom;pkb0xJrSm &SdawmhwmrSr[kwfwm azaz &,f? azazr&SdwJhb0/ azazr&Sdawmhbl;qdkwJh 56

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

,cktcg aoG;yifv,f r[kwfawmh? oD&d.zcif a'guw f moufarmifO;D . xdpk Ofua&;om;cJo h nfh ukd,fawG@ ae@pOfrSwfwrf;xJu aoG;yifv,feD r[kwfawmh? OD;av;OD;atmifjrifh ajymjycJhovdk aoG;awG/ rsuf&nfawG/ idkoH/ [pfaºuG;oHawGESihf jynfheufaeonfukdvnf; rawG@&awmh? a[m'D ae&m[m ta&;awmfyHk umvwkef;uawmh rsu&f nf awG/ aoG;awG/ atmf[pf ac:nnf; oHawG=um;rSm 'Dvel mawGudk azazu aq;uko ay;cJh&wm? toufu,fcJh&wm? vGefcJhonfh wywf u av;av;OD ; atmif j rif h a&;cJ h o nf h pmom;awG pmvHk;awGukd jyefvnf=um;a,mif jrifa,mif vmaeonf? “tJ'Dwkef;u orD;av; azaz&,f/ OD;av;tygt0if apwemh0efxrf; vma&muf aq;ukoay;wJh q&mawG&,f/ wm0efus q&m awG&,ftm;vHk;[m/ acsr_ef; owfjzwfjcif; cHcJh &wJh vlemawGxJrSm ysm;yef;cwfovdk tvkyf rsm;cJh=uwm/ OD;av;wdk@ vufawGay:rSm yef;yGifh yGifhcsyfawGvdkaºuGcJh&wJh vli,fawGukd u,fwif &if; wufacgufem=unf;wJh ,lusKH;r& jzpfaewJh ol[m orD;azazyJ æ tJ'w D ek ;f u aq;±Hw k ckv;kH aq;±Hktkyfudka&m pDrHcef@cGJr_ wckvHk;ukd csKyfukdif xm;wmu ppfXmecsKyfeJ@ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;yJ? tJ'D ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;eJ@ ppfrdef@atmufrSm vHkavmufwJhaq;0g;eJ@ toufu,faq;ypPnf; awG r&cJh=ubl;? ppfrdef@aoewfeJ@ wif;wif; =uyf=uyf wm;jrpfxm;cJw h t hJ wGuf raooifb h eJ @J aocJ=h u&w,f? aoaumifaygi;f vJ cHpm; ae=u& wJh vlemawGbufu/ oydww f yfom;awG bufu rm;rm;rwfrwf&yf+yD; toufu,f aq;0g;awG vHkvHkavmufavmuf toHk;ðyzdk@ awmif;qdkcJhwm vnf; orD;azazyJ? tJ'w D ek ;f u wdik ;f jynfwckv;kH vlxkwdkufyGJawG jynfhv#HaewJhtcsdef/ axmifawG xJrmS vnf; wku d yf aJG wGe@J jynh=f uyfaewJt h csed rf mS

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armifpdk;csdef

“usrtazukjd yefay;=uyg/ usrtwGuf tvdktyfqHk;[mtazyJ/ usrtazudk xm0& ac:,lroGm;=uygeJ@/ tazhudk jyefay;=uyg ” atmufE_wfcrf;ukd wif;aphukdufxm; tm;wif;xm;&mu aygufuGJvGifhxGufvmonfh pum;vH k ; awG j zpf o nf ? xd e f ; csKyf x m;aom a&wmwrH usKd ; ayguf o G m ;av+yD ? xd e f ; Ir& awmh? orD;av;oD&cd rsm ±_u d I f idak vawmhonf? azazhudk jyefay;=uyg? tazhudkjyefay;=uyg? usr tazukd xm0& ac:,lroGm;=uygeJ@? qdk@I v_duf um idkaeavawmhonf? ta&;ay: vlemXme wae&mukd pdkuf=unfhaerd&m rsuf&nf0dk;0g; tjrif tm±HkxJwGif tazhukdjrif&avonf? aoG;tkdifxJ rSm twH;k t±H;k vJusaeonfh vlawG=um;u taz jyefxvmonfukd jrifae&onf? nmbuf vuf wbufudkajr‡mufum orD;av;&,f ridkeJ@awmh uG,f[k wwGwfwGwfajymqdkum orD;av; rsuf ESma&SŒukd wa&GŒa&GŒ av#mufvmaeaom taz jzpfaeonf? tazhrsufESmu aemufqHk; rcGJcGmrD puUef@twdkif; rajymif;vJao; rd_if;ndKŒw0uf rsufESmay:wGif tm;wif; òyH;xm;onfhtòyH;u ,Jh,Jhav;om? “orD ; av;&,f wd w f y gawmh u G , f ridek @J awmhaemf/ orD;armvSyg+yD æ orD;rjrifEidk w f @J ae&m [dkaxmifhcsKd;tauG@uae orD;ukdvSrf; =unfah ewm=um+y/D OD;OD;vnf; pdwx f cd u kd &f w,f? ” tazuJ h o d k @ q&m0ef w OD ; ? xd k o l u ikd±_dufaeaom orD;av;oD&d. OD;acgif;ukd qGJayG@ ,lum &ifciG x f aJ yG@xm;vdu k o f nf? oD&u d trnf rod xdkOD;av;.&if0wGif xdtyfxm;vkdufonf? tazr[kwfrSef; odvdkufaomfvnf; tazhae&m wGif zatwa,mufuJhodk@ orD;oD&dukd acsmharmh ESpfodrfhaejcif;ukd tvkdtav#muf vufcH=unfjzL +yD;om;jzpfonf? “usrtazukdjyef&csifygw,f OD;av; 58

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

oD&d. touft&G,fu Eke,fvSay&m xdkr# r&ifu h suf r&ifrh mao;? xd@k a=umifh uk, d cf si;f pmem =u a=uuG0J rf;enf;ae=uonfh vlawGudk ausmckid ;f um xGufvmcJhonf? oD&daemufausmbufwGif acgif ; wnd w f ndwfrsufvHk;pl;&Swdk@jzifh olwdk@ use&f pfc=hJ uavonf? ÐÐÐ 2 aq;±Hk}uD;0if;wHcg;ukd vGefonfESihf azazwdk@ csDwufcJhonfhvrf;ray:odk@ a&mufvm cJhonf? rd_if;ndK@rdk;wdrf&dyfawGu ajrjyifqDodk@ wajz;ajz; edrfhqif;usvmum taemufawmif rdk;oufavxJwGif arsmygae=uonf? wdrfuGufrsm;=um;rS ,dkqif;usvm onfh tvif;wef;rsm;rSm wdkufwm acgifrdk;rsm; ay:wGif v_dif;xaeavonf? wEG@J E@JG r;kd oufavukq d efum oD&v d nf; csDwufcJhavonf? azazhtwGuf yef;pnf;ukd &ifciG x f w J iG f ayG@,v l monf? pyef@om; yef;EkaoG; vHkcsnfonf rdk;oufavxJwGif wzsyfzsyf vGifhae awmh.? 'D t csd e f q d k arartvk y f + yD ; oG m ;+yD ? tvk y f x J a&muf a eavmuf + yD y J ? ol i ,f c sif ; jrjrar$;xHwGif ausmif;vG,ftdyfukd acwWtyfESH+yD; xGufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? bmrS owdr&awmh/ aoG;vnfywfjcif; ESvHk;ckefoHESifhtwl owd& wrf;waecJhonfrSm azazyJjzpfonf? azazESifh twl azazh rSww f rf;pmtkyu f dk owd&onf? ta&; awmfy&kH ŒJ ordik ;f rSww f rf;? azazu rSww f rf;a&;wJh ol? ol@cHpm;r_awGukd rSwfwrf;xJrSm zGifhtefxm; wwfonf? rSww f rf;pmtkyx f w J iG f rSww f rf;a&;ol azazhudk awG@&&dS avonf? jyefrvmEkid af wmhonfh t&yfqo D @kd azazhukd twif;t"rR wGe;f yd@k vu kd o f nfh

aemufwGif azaz csef&pfxm;cJhonfh ypPnf;ypP, awGxJwGif azazhyHkwljzpfonfh 'DrSwfwrf;pmtkyf ukd jrwfEdk; odrf;qnf;xm;cJh=uonf? azazwkd@ csDwufcJhonfhvrf;ray:wGif wa,mufxJ csDwufaepOf azazhukd owd&jcif; ESifhtwl azaza&;cJhonfh pmrsufESmawGay:u tcsKd@tpdwfydkif;rsm;ukd pl;pl;eihfeihf owd&aecJh avonf? tonf;ESvHk;xJrSm jrm;awG pl;0if ae ovdkrsKd; xdktpdwftydkif;rsm;rSm OD;aESmuf trSwf pufxw J iG f rdwLW ul;,lxm;cJ+h y;D jzpfaeI pGaJ eonf? azazhudk vGr;f wowd&wdik ;f azazhrw S f wrf;ukzd wfco hJ jzifh wcsK@d ukd tvGw&f aeonf? oD&d u vrf;ay:csw D ufqJ ,ckwc%wGif azazh rSww f rf; pmtkyx f u J pmrsuEf mS wcsKŒd xJ jyefa&mufaeavonf? 1988 =o*kwfv 12 &ufae@ rSwfwrf; xJwGif aoG;pufwdk@ idkaºuG;±_dufoHwkd@ukd a&;cs,f xm;onfh yef;csDum;csyfukd awG@&avonf? ÐÐÐ “pm&GufjzLjzLwcsyfay:rSm teDa&mif rSiftdk;xJepfxm;wJh yef;csDpkwfwHukd cyfqwfqwf ±dkufcs=unfhyg? tJ'g aq;±Hk&JŒ ta&;ay: vlemXme xJukd aoG;tvdrf;vdrf; '%f&mawGeJ@ a&mufvm aewJh vlemawG&JŒ yHk&dyfyJ? odyfr=umjrifhrD umv rSmyJ tJ'Dyef;csDpkwfwHukd teDa&mif rSiftdk;xJrSm xyfESpf+yD; 'kwd,t}udrf qwfceJ vufESpfbufeJ@ ±dkufcs=unfhyg? tJ'g 'kwd,t}udrf a&mufvmwJh vlemeJ@ yxrtokwu f a&mufvmwJh vlemawG&ŒJ jrifuiG ;f yJ? tJ'v D ekd @J wwd,t}urd f pwkwt ˆ }urd f teDa&mifrSifawGukd wqwfqwf cgcs=unfhprf;yg? “ta&;awmfyx kH u J ta&;ay:vlem Xme” vd@k yef;csu D m;ukd acgi;f pOfwyf=unfyh g? tJ'D yef;csu D m; csy&f ŒJ rsuEf mS jyifay:rSmyJ aemufxyf eufapG;aewJh trJa&mifriS u f dk pkyef @J w@kd +y;D cgcs=unfzh @kd ygy?J teDa&mif 59

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;pufawG&ŒJ ay:rSm pGe;f ayoGm;wJh trJpufawG[m toufawG aºuv G iG o hf mG ;wJh ta&;awmf yHkwyfom; ol&Jaumif;awG&JŒ oauFwawGygyJ? ppftyk pf &k ŒJ aoewfvufcsufeJ@ aoqHk;oGm;=uwJh tdrfxJu jynfoal wGvrf;ray:ujynfoal wG&ŒJ oauFwawGygy”J ? 1988 =o*kwfv 13 &ufukd rSwfwrf; wifaom azazonf “orD;av; }uD;jyif;vm&if zwfz@kd ”[kqu kd m uAsmwyk'f ukyd g a&;cJah vonf?

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

twl a&muf&Sdaejcif;yifjzpfonf? vrf;ray:rSm azazES i h f t wl c sD w uf a ewm? azazh v uf u d k wif;wif;qkyfxm;onf? azazh vufarmif;ukd acgif;ESihfwqwfqwf±dkufaerdonf? azazu orD;av;oD&d pdwftrlt&mukd odem;vnf+yD; jzpfonf? 'Davmuf i,fEkwJh ausmif;ol ausmif; om;awG[m ta&;awmfyHkxJrSm yg0if&avmuf atmifukdyJ qdk;0g;wJh tm%m&Sifpepfygvm; æ [k cHjyif;a'gou oD&u d kd ayguu f aJG pcJo h nf? wu,fu oD&dwkd@t&G,fu oDcsif; awGukd at;at;csrf;csrf;oDqdk? oli,fcsif;awGESihf aysmf&Gif=u/ =unfEl;=u? ausmif;pmoifcef;rSm rdom;pkb0xJrmS at;csr;f wnf+idraf e&rSm? tem yqkyfvdk vlr_uyfqdk;emawG '%f&mawG xlajym onhf b0u wGe;f yd@k ayguu f aJG pzd@k wGe;f yd@k cH vdu k =f u&? ,ckvnf;azazESihftwl vrf;r}uD;wav#muf csD w uf v m&if ; oD & d ayguf u G J v maeonf ? “orD ; &,f / azazu uAsmq&m}uD ; w*d k ; &J Œ *DwOPvDukdyJ qdkjycsifaewm/ orD;av; pdwfEkauG; uav;ay:rSm pdwf'%f&m temw&&aprJh ta&; awmfyHkta=umif;ukd ajymrjycsifygbl;uG,f æ? odk@ayrJh 'ga&Smifvdk@r&wJh b0yJ orD;&JŒ? ppf &mZ0wfaumif ppftm%m&SifawG&JŒ ppfwyfawG ukd a[m'D aoG;ajray:rSm/ ,rf;eH@aoG;eH@awGxJ rSmyJ vlxku 0kdif;ywfydwfqdk@ xm;vdkuf=uwm orD;a&? a[m[dka&SŒu vrf;csKd;auG@rSm 0kdif;ywf xm;vdkuf=uwm [dka&SŒrSm ”[k azaz ajymvdkuf pOf oD&du ol@vufarmif;ºuu G o f m;awG awmifºh uG oGm;atmif wif;wif;qkyrf v d #uo f m; jzpfomG ;onf? “aocsif v d k @ vm;/ 'geif h t arvif r[kwfbl;/ aooGm;vdrfhr,f” um;[Gef;oH? um;bD;u um;vrf;ukd '&GwfwdkufoH qJqdk}udrf;armif;oHwkd@jzifh qlnH yGuaf vm±du k o f mG ;onf? oD&d ajcvSr;f awG wke@f &yf oGm;+yD? tawG;pdwful;rsm;vnf; &yfwef@oGm;+yD? 64

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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67

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“pdwfukdxdef;xm; rif;a&$OD; æ pdwfvGwfukd,fvGwf jzpfroGm;apeJ@ æ igwdk@vkyf&rSmawG trsm;}uD;yJ æ ydkrsm;vmw,f æ acgif;at;at;eJ@ pOf;pm;+yD;vkyf&r,f æ ” rsKd;aemifu azsmif;zsajymqdkaomfvnf; rif;a&$OD; bmwckrS r=um;awmh? r=um;Ekdifawmh? usm;uko d wf&r,f æ? tJ'u D sm;ipOf;vJukd ESyd u f yG &f r,f æ igch spo f u l dk owfcw hJ u hJ sm;ukd aoap&r,f æ qdo k nfah 'gou rif;a&$O;D b0udk pwif avmifu|r;f ae+yDaum? olq;kH jzwfcsucf soo H nf &if. teuf±id_ ;f qHk;ae&mqDrS v_dif;vdyfrsm;ES,f w&dyf&dyf ajy;wuf ±dkufcwffvmojzifh &ifwckvHk;onf xdkv_dif;oHjzifh [def;nHaeavawmhonf? “ukdaemif usaemfhae&mu cHpm;=unfhprf;yg æ cHpm;EkdifrSmyg æ usaemf pGJvrf;jrwfEdk;cJhwJh cspfol æ usaemf odyfcspfcJh&wJh cspfol æ tckawmh usaemfol@ukd vufv$wfqHk;±_H;vdkuf&+yD æ b,fvdk qHk;±_H;r_eJ@rS rwlwJh qHk;±_H;r_ æ tck olu tapmfum;cHvdkuf&+yD æ usm;pm;cHvdkuf&+yD æ odyfoem; p&maumif;w,fAsm æ ukdaemif&,f æ ±kd;toef@pifwJhb0ukd tjrwfvJxkwfao; æ zsufqD; ypfvdkuf ao; æ aemufqHk;owfypfvdkufw,f æ? tckolao+yD æ cl;azmukd usaemfb,fvdk u,fwif&rvJ æ ukdaemif æ usaemfol@ukd b,fvdktouf&Sifatmif vkyf&rvJ æ?” &ifxJwGif rif;a&$OD; toHwdwfjzifh ajymaeojzifh ukdrsKd;aemif =um;EkdifrSmr[kwf? &ifwGifqdk@eifhum ±_dufoHu txyfxyf ±dkufcwfvmae avonf? wvSrf;+yD;wvSrf; av#mufvSrf;aeonfh ajcaxmufajczrdk;ay:odk@ rsuf&nfpufrsm; pD;usvmaeonf? cl;azma& æ rif;b0 toufpaw;cH&wJh tJ'u D sm;awGaewJh taqmuftOD;[m rD;avmify;kH ESpfyHk;pm r&Sdygbl; æ aemufwvrSm jymyHkjzpfoGm;ap&r,f æ olwdk@ukd igudk,fwkdif rD;avmifwdkuf oGif;vdkufyghr,fæ cl;azmeJ@ighvdkyJ æ olwdk@vJ tvm;wl rD;avmifwkduf toGif;cHvdkuf&ovdk cHpm; ap&r,f æ? txyfxyf wif;}uyfwkyfpnf;xm;aom ±_dufoHrsm;u wc%wGif aysmufuG,f oGm;um rmef w if ; oH r sm;jzpf o G m ;ae+yD ? pd w f t jrif t m±H k x J w G i f rD ; avmif w d k u f u k d awG @ vd k u f & onf ? usm;ESihfusm;avSmiftdrf taqmuftOD;eef;awmf}uD;udk rD;nGef@rD;EG,f rD;yifv,frsm;u wpxufwp ukdufjzwf0g;pm;aeyHk/ usm;ipOf;vJonf xdkrD;yifv,fxJwGif rD;pGJavmif ajy;vGm;aeyHkwdk@ukd pdwf tm±HkxJwGif jrifae&avonf? udkaemifæ ausmif;om;wyfrawmf wyfOD;udkusaemf0ifzdk@æ wyfOD;udkusaemfoGm;zdk@ ydk+yD; aocsmoGm;yg+yD æ cdkifrmoGm;yg+yD æ udkaemifajymovdkygyJav æ usaemfwdk@b0awG vGwfajrmufzdk@ awmfvSefa&;yJ &Sdawmhw,f æ awmfvSefa&;wyfOD;qDudk usaemfoGm;rSmyg æ a[m'Dusm;&JawG aexdkifpHaysmf&mtdrfeJ@ usm;&JawGudk jymcs+yD;rS wyfOD;udkoGm;yg&ap æ udkaemif æ ? ol@&ifxJrSmyJ xdktoHawGu vd_if;xum yJhwifaeavonf? ±kwfw&uf aysmufysufroGm;bJ wd;k n‡i;f oGm;vdu k f [de;f nHomG ;vdu k ?f toH tedr@f tjrifh v_id ;f xaepOfyJ æ cl;azmol@aemufu ajy;vdu k f vmonfh±kyfyHkudk awG@&jyefonf? udkOD;a&æ udkrif;a&$OD;a&æ vdkufvmcJh+yDavæ b,fudkoGm;oGm; æ udkOD;eJ@twl vdkufcJhr,f[kqdkum ajy;vdkufvmaeonfh cl;azm? pdwftawG;jzifh ol@em;xJwGif oJhoJh =um;vdkuf&onf? cyfa0;a0;qDrS ajy;vdkufvm&if; tiftm;jzifh [pfatmfaeonfhtoH? ol@ajcvSrf;udk wkH@ueJ &yfrdvsufom;jzpfoGm;onf? bmrSrawG@& ? bmrSvJ r=um;&awmh? udkaemifu rif;a&$OD; ycHk;udk qGJxm;rdvsufom;jzpfoGm;onf? ESpfa,mufom; c%r# wHk@&yfoGm;=ujyD; vrf; qufav#muf 75

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

udkrsdK;aemifajymaeus pum;udk ,ckc%rSmyJ jyefvnf=um;a,mifaejyefonf? ol@ab;wGif uyfvsufom; twlwl av#mufaeonfh udkrsdK;aemifudk wcsufuGufceJ vSnfh=unfhrdvsufom; jzpfoGm;onf? “zufqpftm%m&Sipf epfe@J zufqpfppftyk pf u k igw@kd ukd ta&SŒbufurf;ay: wify@kd vu kd w f m æ e,fpyfa'o toD;oD;ay: wifydk@vkdufwm æ w&m;cH vufonfuawmh olwdk@yJæ igwdk@ aexdkif&m e,fajra'oawGjcm;em;ygap æ zufqpf awG&JŒvufatmufrSm twlwlyJcHpm;ae=uwmæ '%f&m '%fcsufawGu twlwlyJæ ajymr,fqdk rif;wdk@u&ifjynfe,fu u&iftrsdK;om; vlxkawG &&SdcJhwJh '%f&mawGu jynfwGif;u igwdk@&&Sdxm;wJh '%f&mawGxuf jyif;xefw,f æ }uD;rm;w,f æ zufqpf ppftkyfpkrSm &SdaewJh r[mArmvlrsdK;}uD;0g'eJ@ jynfwGif;ppfudk u&ifjynfe,f[m ESpfaygif; ig;q,fausmf cg;pnf;cHaecJh&vdk@yJ? '%f&mtxyfxyf wif;=urf;aewJhb0wlawG 'DòrdŒrSm vmqHk cJh=uwmygav æ” [kapmapmu yJhwifoHtwdkif;xyfI ajymrdonf? olwdk@oHk;a,mufaeaom onftdrfuav;okd@ udkrsdK;aemif a&mufvmcJhonf? udkrsdK;aemifra&mufrDu olwdk@ twlaecJh=uonf? xdkpOfu cl;azmu tvkyfrvkyf&ao;? onftdrfrSmyJ twlaecJh=uonf? oHk;a,muf pkaygif;aexdkifcJh=upOf cl;azmu rif;a&$O;D tcspu f kd vufceH m;vnf&if; cspo f w l @kd b0udk &&Scd jhJ cif;jzpfonf? cl;azmxHrS t=uifemv$r;f onfh tcspfudk &&SdonfhtcsdefwGif rif;a&$OD; rdk;ESifhajrudkyif rjrifEdkifawmh? b0u cuf=urf;ojzifh tcspfu aysmhaysmif;nifomr_udk ay;avonf? b0u rESpfòrdŒzG,f cufxa&mfoavmuf tcspfu wG,fruf jrwfEkd;r_wdk@udk ay;a0avonf? 'ga=umifhyif b0udk ydkIwyfrufum tiftm; jznfhwif;ay;avonf? olw@kd EpS af ,muf. cspo f b l 0ukd =unhu f m =unfE;l cJo h nfu atmifr;kd ? csr;f ajrŒaysm&f iG cf o hJ rl mS atmifr;kd ? rif;a&$OD;ukd r=umc%ajymrdonf? cl;azma&SŒrSmvnf; ajymrdonf? “a[haumif a,mufzaemf æ ighESrukd tEdkifrusifheJ@ æ ausmcdkif;rxm;eJ@aemf æ a[haumif” toHukd jr‡ifhum rmwif;wif;ajymavh aemufavh&Sdonf? “azmudk igcspfwm tEkdifusifhzdk@/ ausmcdkif;xm;cJhzdk@ oufoufr[kwf&ygbl; a,mufz&,fæ eifhESrudkigcspfwm eifhvdkyJapmifha&Smufzdk@ æ +yD;awmh xm0& wjrwfwEkd;eJ@cspfoGm;zdk@ æ” rif;a&$OD;u ol@cspfoludk“azm”[lI tzsm;qGwfac:aomfvnf; tonf;ESvHk;. teuf±_dif; qHk;ae&mwGif cdkifcsnf av;eufavonf? wu,fu nDrav;wa,mufvdk oem;rd&muae pcJhonfh tcsp?f aemufawmh rif;a&$O;D . tcspu f kd atmifr;kd wu,f,=kH unfco hJ nf? olw@kd EpS af ,mufu=kd unfu h m &GmrSmusefcJhonfh cspfol aemfxl;udk vGrf;waewwfaeonf? aemufawmh onftdrfuav;wGif udkrsdK;aemifa&mufvmcJhonf? &cdkifawmfvSefa&;wyfu udak usmo f mESihf udrk sKd ;aemifu aqmufvyk af &; vkyif ef;wckxu J vkyaf zmfuikd zf ufawG? vuform;awG? rif;a&$O;D ESiahf tmifr;dk u xdak qmufvyk af &; vkyif ef;xJrmS bdvyfajrpyfo?l azsmo f ?l avmif;ol? wcgw&H yef;&H? udkausmfom tvkyfoGif;ay;cJhojzifh olwdk@ESpfa,muf tvkyf&vmcJhonf? aemufawmh udkausmfomESihf qufEG,fum ukdrsKd;aemifukd od=ucifrifcJh=uonf? udkrsKd;aemifonf tdrfuav;xJ&Sd olwdk@oHk;a,muf. b0taqmufttHkxJodk@ 0ifvm+yD; wvt=umwGif rif;a&$OD;ESifh atmifrdk;wdk@ tvkyfðywfoGm;cJh=uonf? rw&m;cdkif;onhftvkyf&Sifukd onf;rcHEkdifawmhonfhtqHk; rif;a&$OD;u ckcH wHk@jyefavh&Sdonf? atmifrdk;uyg rif;a&$OD;ESifhtwlvdkufI ckcHwHk@jyefwwfavonf? wae@wm 77

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

vkyt f m;cukd bwfaiGw&mtpm; ajcmufq,fy&J onf? tvkyv f yk cf sed u f &Spef m&Dqakd omfvnf; uk;d em&D vkyf&onf? xdkukd;em&DtwGif; vlESpfa,mufvkyf&onfh tvkyfudk vkyfcdkif;jcif;jzpfonf? rif;a&$OD;u ulvDacgif;ukd r#r#wwvkyfzdk@ cdkif;apzdk@ arwWm&yfcHonf? uefx±dkufwmolaX;ukd tvkyform; rsm;epfemr_ukd ajymqdkjyonf? rif;a&$OD;ajymonfukd atmfaigufarmif;xkwfum acszsufypfonf/ rif;a&$OD;ESifh atmifrdk;u tvkyfuxGufvmcJhonf? tvkyf&Sif vkyfief;&Sifwkd@tóudufyJ? w&m;r0if tvkyform;u 'DòrdŒuav;wGif vufndK;xdk;rvGJ? tvkyform;aps;uvnf; aygonf? vkyftm;aps; aygonf? vlpm;0ifum vkyfief;xJa&mufvmolrSm bwfaiGajcmufq,ftpm; ig;q,fyJ&onf? Todk@ jzifh tvkyf&Sif vkyfief;&Sifuav;rSm u|Ju qifjzpfvmcJhonf? tqrwefaps;E_ef;jzifh vkyftm;ukd a&mif;pm;ae=u&onfh rif;a&$O;D wk@d vkd Armjynfvx l u k w&m;cHzufqpfudk rke;f wD;pufqw k af omfvnf; ,dk;',m;vkyfief;&Sif t&if;&Sift}uD;pm; tao;pm;rsm;pGmu Armzufqpfukd cspfcifESpfouf =uavonf? ArmjynfromtdrfrSm avmifrD;us rD;awmufav/ ,dk;',m; vkyfief;&SifawG zJvdrf±dkufvdk@ aumif;avav/ qlòzd;a0pnfav? rif;a&$OD;/ cl;azmESifh atmifrdk;wdk@ wvausmfausmf tvkyfvufrJhjzpfae=upOf udkrsKd;aemifu tm;vH;k . aexdik pf m;aomufr_ p&dwrf eS o f r#ukd wm0ef,cl o hJ nf? '%f&mwl b0wljcif; tepfemcHonhf twGuf/ arwWmapwemrGef oef@onfhtwGuf ol@tm; tudk}uD;wa,mufuJhokd@ olwkd@ cspfcifav;pm; cJh=uonf? udkaemifvdk@bJ ac:=uonf? cl;azmuawmh ukdaemifukd OD;aemifwJh/ OD;aemifu aemfcl;azm trnfukd Armvdkw0ufbmomjyef+yD; “rryef;” [k &$wfaemufaemuf ac:wwfavonf? “rryef;&JŒ anmifzl; wmvaygh[if;ukdawmh OD;aemifb,faomtcgrS arhEkdifrSm r[kwfa=umif;yg cifAsmæ” [lI ajymwkdif; cl;azmu waomaom&,farmum “OD;aemifrdef;r,l&if u&ifr&Sm,l æ wmvaygh[if; t+rJpm;&vdrfhr,f æ” jyefajymavh&Sdonf? cl;azmu toufti,fqHk;? ol@ukd 0dkif;+yD;p=u aemuf=u? t=uifemESifh nDrav;vdkcspf=u? ol@toH qnf;vnf;oHjzifh omawmifhom,m&SdcJh=uonf? cl;azmu wu,fvnf; yef;wyGifhe,f vSyvef;qwfaeavonf? rif;a&$OD;u “azm” [kqdkum xdkyef;yGifhukdf &ifxJwGif yefqifxm;ol? ,ckolwdk@. &dyfòrHuav;onf ykdif;jywfòyduGJoGm;cJhav+yDaum? atmifrdk;&ifxJwGif tylvGef tawG;rsm;u tyfzsm; wae&mpmrusefatmif zdpD;xm;av+yD? ajcrukdifrd vufrukdifrd? bmvkyfvkd@ vky&f rSe;f rodawmh? trd;k udk b,fvakd jymjy&rvJ? xdak r;cGeu f ol@ut dk xyfxyf ar;cJah vonf? tdru f dk a&mufa&mufcsif; ukdaemifhukdwdkifyif&vdfrfhr,f? 'DòrdŒrSmzG@J xm;onfh u&iftpnf;t±H;k uaum bmulnED ikd rf mS vnf;? tm;rvkt d m;r&jzpfum pdwfxJwGif ar;=unhfrdonf? bmvkyfay;EdkifrSmvJ? trSefw&m;ukd azmfxkwf+yD; vlowfaumif rk'def; aumifudk qGx J w k af y;Edik rf mS vm;? rodusK;d u|eðf y+y;D aeomovdak erSmvm;? wu,fu 'DòrŒd &Sd u&iftrsK;d om; tpnf;t±Hk;ukd,fwdkifu w&m;r0ifaexdkifoleJ@ zGJ@pnf;xm;wJh w&m;r0iftzGJ@tpnf;? ,dk;',m;ajr ay:wGif ajz&Si;f ray;Ekid ?f u&iftrsK;d om; tcsi;f csi;f =um;wGif jzpfay:vmcJo h nhf vlra_ &;jy\em tao; tr$m;uko d m =um;cHzseaf jzay;Ekid ±f u kH vGv J @kd tjcm;pGr;f aqmifay;Ekid o f nhf tajctae rsK;d r&S?d ru,fEidk /f rulEidk cf ?hJ vrf;ray:wGif vrf;av#mufae&if; ol@&ifukd yifhoufarmatmif xdkar;cGef;rsm;u jrm;tjzpf 0ifpl;vmavonf? wcgw&H wdkif;a&;jynfa&; EkdifiHa&;aqG;aEG;=upOftckduf tawG;rsm;/ ar;cGef;rsm; 78

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

xJwGif atmifrdk;epfaewufonf? ukdaemif ajymIr[kwf? b0u oif=um;jyo+yD;om;? pepfqdk;udk rzsufodrf;ao;or# b0awG[mvnf; tckvdkyJ usKd;ausysufqD; ae&rSmyJ? tckvdkrsufESmi,f&rSmyJ? vlwvHk; olwvHk; vlpifrDwJhb0 b,fawmhrS &rSmr[kwfbl;? b0u oif=um;+yD;om;? xdk tod w&m;rsm;ukd xif&Sm;vmap&ef aqG;aEG;onfhtcgwdkif; udkaemifu rSefcsyfaxmifjyay;ol? atmifrdk; oufjyif;ukd r#i;f r#i;f csrv d u kd o f nf? “ukad emifajymovdyk gyJ æ ajr}uD;vufcwfrvGyJ gb;l æ awmfveS af &; rvkyfor# bmrSajymif;vJrSm r[kwfbl;? b0awGudk ajymif;vJypfzdk@ awmfvSef=u&r,f æ rvGJraoG vkyfukdvkyf&awmhr,f æ rkaemftysKdrawG æ cl;azmawG paw;cH+yD;ay;cJhwJh b0zwfpm æ cl;azmu ol@b0eJ@&if;+yD; ay;cJhwJhzwfpm æ” xdkokd@yif atmifrdk; wzGzGajym=unfhaeonf? cl;azmaooGm;+yD? bmvkyf&rvJæ? xdkuJhodk@ aom tvm;wlar;cGef;awG a&mufrvmawmh? ESri,fwa,mufvdk cspfcJhonfhcl;azmu tckol tpaw;cHvdkuf&+yD? cl;azmESifh cl;azmaygif;rsm;pGmtwGuf vGwfajrmufatmif óud;pm;ayawmhæ jynfwGif;ukdjyef0if+yD; vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf óud;pm;ayawmh[k ajymonfukd oJhoJh=um;aeovdkyJ cHpm;odjrifvmcJhonf? cl;azmu ol@ukdukdifv_yfaeovdk cHpm;ae&onf? wyfOD;&Sd&mukd igwdk@oGm;=ur,f æ oGm;=u&r,fvdk@ ajymcJhwmukd cl;azmxyf+yD; owday;aeovdk jzpfaeygvm; æ? vrf;ray:odk@ xdk;usaeonfh aejcnfyef;p}umuGufrsm;ukd eif;ausmfjzwfvmcJhonf? 0JvSnfh jcmvnfaeonfh yef;ZmuGufrsm;ES,f tawG;awGu wzsyfzsyful;ajymif;vmaecJhonf? 4 rsKd ; aemif . euf ± _ d i f ; tawG ; “OD;aemifa& æ trdk;wkd@zxD;wdk@ukdvGrf;vS+yD æ &GmukdjyefcsifvS+yD æ wacgufavmufjyef&&if tvGrf;ajyyg+yD æ u&ifjynfe,fukd vGrf;w,fOD;aemif&,f æ ajymprf;ygtHk; æ OD;aemifaumrvGrf;bl; vm; æ ODaemif&JŒ taz/ tarawGuawmh OD;aemifudkvGrf;aerSmygyJ æ” tenfxdkifaeaom tvGrf;ukd rkaemfu xdkokd@yifv_yfcgay;avh&Sdonf? ,ck rkaemf r&Sdawmh onfhtcg rkaemf. &,farmajymqdkoHawGu &ifxJwGif udef;atmif;cdkwG,fae&mrS Edk;x vmcJhonf? olw@kd o;kH a,mufEiS hf onftrd rf mS yJ qHak wG@=u&onf? b0wlpmemcHpm;r_u oHa,mZOf tcspu f kd arG;zGm; ay;cJhum olwdk@av;a,mufukd pkpnf;aESmifcsnf &pfywfxm;cJhavonf? rsKd;aemifu bk&m;oHk;qla'owGif zGJ@pnf;xm;onfh ausmif;om;wyfOD;u tzGJ@0if? trsKd; tpm;aumif;onhf awmfveS af &;wyfwwyfudk wnfaqmufysK;d axmifvo kd nhf awmfveS af &; tiftm;pk rsm;onf wyf&if;(101)rS cGJxGufvm=uum wyf&if;topfwck xlaxmifvdkuf=uonf? xdkpOfu rsKd;aemifu twufºuGqHk;yg0ifcJhol? awmfvSefa&;wyf wnfaqmufonhf tcgwGifvnf; a&SŒwef;u yg0ifco hJ nf&h aJ bmf? wifp;kd aemif/ wifp;kd armifEiS hf r=um;c%vlrmS ;cH&onf? xdn k t D uku d wyf&if;a[mif; wGif use&f pfc+hJ y?D olursK;d aemif? a&SŒwef;wGif zufqpfetzwyfudk txyfxyf wku d cf b hJ ;l onf? wyfaumfrwDu &Jabmfo;kH OD;ukd a&G;cs,pf pD pfum vlx=k um;xJ apv$wcf o hJ nf? awmfveS af &; wyfom;opf pkaqmif;&ef/ pnf;±Hk;a&;qif;&eftwGuf apv$wfcJhonf? wyfaumfrwDu vlyJcsay;onf? aumfrwDOuUXESihf twGif;a&;rSL;u pdwfwdkif;us a&G;cs,fcJhjcif;jzpfonf? txl;ojzifh t&uf/ zJ/ 79

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

jynfhwefqm. aus;u|efrjzpfzdk@? vlxkxJwGif &Sifoefv_yf&Sm;aernfh &Jabmfukda&G;cs,fcJh&m rsKd;aemifu vufa&G;pifxJrSm ygvmcJhonf? ol@udk Te,fpyfòrdŒuav;odk@ ykd@v$wfcJhonf? vlxkawG vGwfajrmufzdk@ jzpfwJhtwGuf vlxkawGyg yg0ifvmzdk@vdkonf? vlxkawGyg0ifvmrS atmifyGJukd &,lEkdifrSmjzpfonf? twGif;a&;rSL;u oabmw&m;oifwef; ay;onf? “a&mufwJht&yfrSm awmfvSefa&;orm;qdkwm ypfwkdif;axmifvdk axmifae&r,f&Jabmf ” [k txyfxyfrSm=um;onf? vlxkukdrapmfum;zdk@/ vlxk&JŒ taptyg; EGm;ozG,fjzpfaezdk@/ awmfvSefa&;tawG;tac:ukd qufvufavhvm wnfaqmufzdk@/ EkdifiHa&;ukd tqufrjywfavhvmzdk@ ol@&ifwGif;wGif udef;atmif;rSwfom;rdap&ef acgif;aqmifu yHkoGif;xkqpfcJhavonf? TòrdŒuav;od@k ola&mufvmcJo h nf? wyf&if;rS xGuv f mcJph Of vpf[moGm;aom pnf;±H;k a&; wm0ef,lcJhonfh &JabmfoHk;a,mufae&mwGif wESpftwGif; wyfom;topfrsm; tpm;xdk;vm EkdifcJh avonf? ppftm%m&Sifpepfu vlxkb0 todef;toef;udk zsufqD;cJh+yD;+yD? zdESdyfppfv_dif;vdyfrsm;u vlxak wGudk ta&SŒbufurf;ajcrsm;qD wGe;f wifxm;cJah vonf? awmfveS af &;wyfom;opf t&if;tjrpf rsm;u xdkemusifaeaom vlxkyifjzpfaeavonf? jynfolvlxkawGxJ pdrfh0if&efvdkonf? xdk@a=umihfh atmifrdk;ukd ola&G;cs,fcJhonf? wESpftwGif;rSm aiGpkaqmif; rdom;pkawGxH jyefydk@+yD;onfESifh awmfvSef a&;wyfOD; &Sd&modk@ rif;a&$OD;ESifh rkaemfwdk@oGm;=urnf? atmifrdk;u ol@e,fol@a'oodk@ jyefrnf? wyfOD;. a&aomufjrpftjzpfESifh ol@a'o&Sd vlxkxJwGif pdrfh0ifysHŒESH@aernf? 'gyJ? ,ckrl xdktpDtpOfonf ysufpD;qkwf,kwfoGm;+yDvm;? txl;ojzifh rif;a&GOD; pdwfajymif; oGm;avrvm;? atmifrdk;uaum pdwfajymif;oGm;tHk;rSmvm;? 'De,fpyfòrdŒeJ@ ol@e,fajra'o/ wyfOD;eJ@ ol@e,fajra'o vGef;xdk;qufoG,fay;tHk;rvm;? rkaemftouf æ rkaemfb0 ausrGysufqD;jcif;eJ@twl a&SŒvkyfrJh awmfvSefa&;tpDtpOfawG ysufpD;oGm;+yDvm;? wu,fawmh 'gawGukd jzwfoef;&rSmyJ? "m;aumif;wvufjzpfzkd@ rD;em&vdrfhr,f? ayay:rSm txyfxyf txktaw cH&wmr[kwfvm;? wyfOD; uxGufrvmrD twGif;a&;rSL;rSmcJhwmukd tckjyefvnf yJhwifxyf=um;a,mifaeqJ? awmfvSefa&; orm;qdw k m ypfwikd ;f axmif jzpfae&r,f æ? cspo f u l dk qH;k ±H;_ vufvw $ cf &hJ wJh rif;a&$O;D [m awmfveS af &; ol&Jaumif;wOD; jzpfvm&vdrfhr,f? cl;azmaygif;rsm;pGmukd olwdk@&JŒcspfolawG/ armifawG/ tukdawGu/ OD;av;awGu qHk;±_H;cJh&+yD;+yDr[kwfvm;? vufonf w&m;cHawGukdyJ ckcHwkH@jyef&awmhr,f? cspfolukd qHk;±_H;cJh&onfhtwGuf ol&Jaumif;jzpfvmcJhonfh paumhwfvef awmfvSefa&; acgif;aqmif}uD;u ol@pdwfwGif zswfceJay:vmonf? paumhwfvef awmfvSefa&;orm; acgif;aqmif 0DvsHa0gvufpf±kyfyHkv$monf ±kyf&Sifydwfum;ay:rSmuJhodk@ wuGufjcif; ul;ajymif;oGm;aeavonf? ol@cspo f u l dk e,fcsŒJ t*Fvyd pf pfwyfu tEdik u f sihf rk'ed ;f usio hf wfjzwfypfc=hJ uonf? cspo f . l tavmif;ukd ayG@zuf&mrS ajrjyifay:odk@tavmif;ukd jyefcsum &efol@wyfpcef;&Sd&mokd@ "m;qGJxGufvmcJhonf? awmfvSefa&; pwifcJhav+yD? olonf aemifwGifxif&Sm;onfh paumhwfvef awmfvSefa&;orm; acgif; aqmif}uD;jzpfvmcJhonf? &efole,fcsJŒu ol@ukdzrf;rdcJhonf? ol@ukdowf&ef vlxka&SarSmuf&Sd vlowf uke;f vlowfpifay: qGaJ c:vmcJ=h uonf? &efou l ol@udk awmif;yefcikd ;f onf? usaemfrmS ;ygw,f/ oem; ygAsm[k awmif;yefcdkif;onf? rawmif;yefygu e,fcsJŒvlowform;. "m;u ol@vnfyif;ay: usvmawmhrnf? olurawmif;yefcJh? olwkd@paumhvlrsKd;awG tESpfESpftvv awmif;qdkwdkufyGJ0if 80

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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Ò {+yD 13 / 2004 opPmr*~Zif; trSwf (9) arv/ 2006 81

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

aygif; aomif;aygif;rsm;pGmaom v,form; v,f ulvrD sm;rSm pyg;pku d &f if; xrif;iwfaeavonf? v,fajrtm;vHk;ukd ppfrdef@tm%mjzifh odrf;,lvdkuf+yD;onfhaemuf ppftkyfpkonf wOD; wnf;aom ajr&Sif jzpfvmcJh onf? ac|;ESiahf oG;ESihf &if;ESD;cJh&aom bdk;bGm;ydkif "m;rOD;cs v,fajrrsm; onf cspw f ;D xHwvSnhf tjcm;aom ajr&Siaf ºuG;&Sif xHwvSnfh a&mufcJh&mrS ppftkyfpkvufxJwGif t+yD;tjywf a&mufvmcJhonf? v,form;ukd v,foD;pm;b0 a&mufatmif zefwD;cJh+yD; aoG; pkyf,lcJhavonf? qefpyg;ukd 0,f,l azmufum; aeolrsm;rSmvnf; xdkppftkyfpk ppfya'o&mZf ajr&Sif}uD;yifwnf;? v,form;b0rSm aºuG; txyfxyfyu d m vlpifrrDaS wmh? roif;rd;k wd@k uo J @kd aom v,fuv l rD sm;rSm qdzk , G &f mr&Sad wmh? tnGe@f rvl E d k i f o nh f b 0? jym;csyf y d e f v S D u m rJ a rS m if aeaomb0? tm%m&So d al jr&SiEf iS hf vufa0cH vlcsr;f om todkif;t0dkif;rSm ºuG,f0csrf;om ZdrfcHae=u onf? oif;rdk;wdk@b0uawmh ukef;aumufp&m r&SdatmifrGJjymusaeonf? tm%mrJh/ tm%m&Sd/ csrf;omESifhqif;&J? tcGifhta&;rJhESihf tcGifhta&; &Sw d @kd t=um;wGif rd;k ESiafh jre,f uGm[ aeavawmh onf? tqd;k &Gm;qH;k rSm cdik ;f &mae ap&moGm;b0ukd &&Sv d mcJjh cif;jzpfonf? vkyt f m;ukd n‡px f w k af y;&/ rcsdrqef@tcGefay;&/ ppfu|eftjzpf pdkufysKd;xrf;ykd; ay;&/ qif;&JrGJawvGef;+yD; vlpOfrrSDonhfb0ukd xyfIzdpD;ESdyfpuf tEdkifusifh ae=ujyefonf? ajredrfh&mvSHpdkuf? roif;rdk;u ol@vufawGukd a&eHqD rD ; cG u f ta&mif a tmuf w G i f aph a ph = unh f & if ; vufrJrJq,facsmif;ukdomru xdkvufukdom ykdifqdkifxm;ol v,fulvDrb0ukdyg jyefawG@ae& onf? olru bmukdrS pDumywfuHk;rajymwwf? odk@aomf rr#wol/ rw&m; tEdkifusif@olukd odae 85

armifpdk;csdef

onf? “pyg;pkdufwJhvufawGu rvS&ifaeygap æ Adkuf0atmif tvsifrDatmifpm;&zdk@ qefaps;E_ef; oufoufomomeJ@ b0rSmat;csrf;csifw,f æ vlwvHk;olwvHk; vlpifrDcsifw,fa[h æ vlvdkyJ 0wf c sif a ecsif w ,f [ J h ” [k a tmf v d k u f r d o nf ? olr&ifxw J iG f odak vSmifxed ;f csKyfxm;onfh cHpm;r_ qENrsm;u &ifxJrSm aygufuGJoGm;onf? wc%Y olroli,fcsif;pdk;rif;ukd zswf ceJ owd&rdvsufom; jzpfoGm;onf? “igwdk@ wawG raoxrif;/ rao[if; pm;ae&awmh aorxl;aerxl;wJhb0yJ rdoif;a& æ wckawmh &Sdw,f æ 'Db0u ukef;±kef;xGuf rSmvm; æ u|JawG EGm;awGvdkyJ olwdk@&JŒ wHydk; atmufrSm vnfpif;+yD; igwdk@om;awGorD;awG twGufyg acgif;iHk@cHaerSmvm; æ a&G;&awmhr,f æ w&ufrvkyf&if w&ufaemufusrSmyJ rdoif;” ol@ukd ajy;+yD;owd&jcif;ESifhtwl ol r=umc%ajymcJhonfh tcsufukd em;xJjyef=um; a&mifae&onf? &Gmajrmufbuf rusnf;yifwef; &Sd a&wGif;wGif a&cyfqHkonhftcgwdkif; ajymae=u? pdk;rif;u w&Gmwnf;ae wa&wnf;aomufcJh onhf oli,fcsif;? v,fvkyfydkifcGifh&&Sdzdk@ bm v,fvkyfud&d,mrS rykdifqdkifcJh? ol@zcifOD;zdk;c tdrf rSm pm&if;iSm; v,fuv l ?D ol@red ;f r rdaomfu uav; arG;awmhrnf? ae@aph vaph? rdef;r uav;rD;zGm;zdk@/ pm;zd@k / aomufz@kd / 0wfz@kd uav;twGuf axG;ywfz@kd tES D ; / apmif / jcif a xmif bmwck r S rjynf h p H k ? pk a qmif ; od k r S D ; &ef bmwck r S tqif r ajy? t&yfvufonf a':xm;cifudk vufonfcaiGa=u; twGuf twdk;jzifh acs;xm; ±HkuvGJI bmwckrS toifhjzpfraecJh? rdaomfukd uGufceJ ajy;jrifaerd jyefonf? aq;±Hk q&m0efeJ@ om;zGm;q&mru rdaomfESifh rdaomfwkd@twGufr[kwf? rdaomfudkawG@wdkif; tm;ay;&onf? rdaomfu EGrf;,Jh,JhòyH;&if; “a,mif;r&,f æ 'Dvdk 86

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

ajymoifo h vm;? ajym&rSmvm;? rapmifEh idk af wmhbJ r=umjzLukd vufxyfoGm;&ifaum? tJ'DtcgrSm cspo f &l ŒJ aemufausmbufrmS owWrd &Sw d hJ trsK;d orD; tjzpfeJ@ usef&pfcJhzdk@twGufukdawmh owWd&Sdw,f ayg?h udv k aS tmifukd b,fvakd jym&rvJ? tawG;v_id ;f rsm;u txyfxyf ±du k cf wfojzifh ylIarmvmw,f? “trav; æ emvdkufwm iwkd;&,f æ [J@ æ ajz;ajz;vkyfyg[Jh æ” a,mif&rf;atmf[pf&if; armifav;iwk;d vufudk ðywfwluJhokd@ zrf;qkyfn‡pfrdv#ufom; jzpfoGm;onf? ab;wbufwcsufwGif iwkd;ESihf oif;rsKd;wkd@ a&mufvmaeonfudkyif rodvdkuf? owdrxm;rd? v#ypf pfxufjrefaom tawG;pdwu f c&D;vrf;azmufum twdww f iG f vGiahf jrmaecJo h nf? nu rufcJhaom tdyfrufqDodk@ jyefoGm;=unhfcJh rd&mu tawG;uGef,ufxJwGif epfaecJhonf? cspw f o hJ l ukv d aS tmifxH a&mufaecJo h nf? iwd;k u ol@vufxJu "m;OD;c|efjzihf tpfr roif;. ikyfae aom ajcpG,fukd qGJvSefvdkufpOf jynfykyfawG aoG; awGu pD;xGufvmonf? tonf;cdkufatmif emavonf? “vufukdv$wfygrr}uD;&JŒæ n‡mn‡m wmwmvkyfae&if b,fawmhrS ajcpG,fikyfwm aysmufrSmr[kwfbl; æ temudk iHk@=unhfraeeJ@ rsufESmv$Jxm;? emrSmudkvnf; a=umufvdkufwm æ owWduvJeJ” iwd;k ucyfqwfqwfajymonf? ajcpG,f udk &Sjrc|efxufonfh "m;oGm;jzihf vSD;jzwfonf? nDroif;rsKd;u ajymif;zl;zufukd vdyf,lxm;+yD; om;? xkdajymif;zl;zufvdyfudk a&eHqDrD;cGufxJwGif a&eHqDESpf+yD;om;? zufvdyfxJwGif a&eHawGu pkyf,l ygvm+yD;om;? zufvdyfxdyfudk rD;pGJavmif atmifrD;±_d@vdkufonf? aoG;jynfrsm; xGufvmae cJah om ajcpG,if yk af eonft h emxJo@kd a&eHyl a&eHpuf rsm; wpufcsif; pD;usaponf? rD;pGJaeaom a&eHyl

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

a&eH p uf r sm;u temjzpf a eonf h tom;uk d usufoGm;apavonf? owWdra=umifbl;? owWd renf;bl;[kq+kd y;D tH}uw d x f m;cJah omfvnf; rr}u;D yg;jyifay:wGif rsuf&nfawGu vdrfhqif; oG,fus vmonf? toHww d ef musijf cif;? t&Siv f wfvwf ig;waumifukd qDyltdk;xJ ypfxnfhvdkufouJhodk@ xGef@xGef@vl; oGm;onf? aumufpdkuforawG/ v,form;awG/ awG@aeus'u k ?Q vufp, G if yk o f nfxuf ajcpG,if yk f onfu ydkIcH&cufonf? tvkyfvkyf&wm t aESmifht,Suf ay;aeojzifhrajzmihfawmh? 'kuQ 0efxkyfukd vG,fydk;xm;ae&onf? oref;uGuf EGaH wmwGif ajcaxmufudk xd;k ESpx f m;or# v_yaf v tonf;cdu k af v? xd@k a=umifh ajcpG,u f kd azmfxw k /f ajcpG,fukdvSD;xkwf/ tom;ukd avmifòrdufap+yD; usuf o G m ;ap&ef a&eH y l c s&onf ? ppf t wG i f ; zufqpf*syefawGu vlxu k dk vuf onf;cGcH mG onfEiS fh oGm;wlaeonf? xdk@aemuf oref;qDwufum jruf&S/ xdu±kef;ql;&Sum tqdyfoifhaeaom ,m;emrsm;ukd a&Smufa&jzifh vdrf;&jyefonf? wcsKd@u ausmufcsOfa&jzifh vdrf;um ,m;emudk uko=uonf? nDroif;rsKd;u ol@tr. ajcpHrk sm; udk a&Smufa&jzifh vdr;f ay;aeonf? “rr}uD;aysmufoGm;+yD; reuf aumuf pdkufqif;wJhtcg igharmifav;iwdk;a=umifh v,f qif;Ekdifw,fqkd+yD; aus;Zl;wifraeeJ@”? “tck x J u aus;Zl ; wif y gw,f & S i f ? trav;awmf/ 'DrSmjzifh cH&wmaoawmhr,f? b,fvdk touf&SL&rSef;awmif rodawmhbl;” armifav;iwdk; aq;ukay;ovdk "mwf =urf;rudik I f r&rSe;f odonf? 'Dae@ aumufpu kd &f wm tqd;k qH;k yJ? oref;uGux f rJ mS ajcaxmufawG epfðryfxm;&pOf ajcpG,if yk af eonfh nmajcaxmuf u tpGr;f jyawmhwmyJ? ºuu G ef @J a=umifv/kd rd;k eJ@avu wae@vHk; eyrf;vHk; ae=u&wm? taemufawmif 87

armifpdk;csdef

avu w0kef;0kef; wa0ga0geJ@ vlukdajy;±dkuf vlu vJòydrwwf ,drf;xdk;oGm; ajcaxmufu v_yfav emav udu k cf aJ v/ ajcaxmufukd acgi;f ay:wifxm; vd@k &&if wifxm;csiw f ,f? aumufpu dk u f jyefvm awmh oif;rsKd;ukd wGJ+yD;jyefcJh&w,f? atmf æ qif;&J yifyef;}uD;pGmeJ@ tvkyfvkyfwmawmif 0rf; r0 cg;rvSygvm;? “atmf orD;a&/ pdk;rif;eJ@awG@vdk@ rSm vd k u f w ,f ? ol @ rd e f ; rrd a omf Ad k u f e mae+yD w J h ? rdoif;ukd ajymjyvdkufygwJh? [kwfyg&JŒ tJ'gajym rvkd@arhaevdkufwm æ orD;wdk@aumufpdkuf rjyef cif tar &Gmajrmufyikd ;f oGm;awmh pd;k rif;eJ@ vrf;rSm qHkw,fav æ tarhrsufvHk;u rjrifrprf;eJ@ æ n}uD;rif;}uD; oGm;vd@k vmvd@k raumif;awmh orD; oGm;rSjzpfr,f” tarjzpfol a':aus;u 0g;ydk;0g;tdrf vufcHwkdifudkrSDI ajymif;zl;zuf aq;vdyfudk zGmae &if; pdk;rif;ukd owd&vmjcif;jzpfonf? OD;azu uGr;f òrHv#uf uGr;f aoG;ukd tdrt f jyifo@dk axG;xkwf pOf tdru f av;u odrchf gomG ;onf? taemufawmif rdk;oufavu cyf= urf;=urf ; zd w d k u f v d k u f p Of wJtdrfuav; v_yf,drf;oGm;jcif; jzpfonf? iwkd; u æ "m;a[h æ "m; æ "m;[k xI atmfvdkuf onf? iwkd;u “bmrSef;vJ rodbl;aemf æ atmf omatmfvdkuf&w,f ”[k &,farmvdkufonf? rkefwdkif;vmv#if rkefwdkif;vm&mbufodk@ rsufESm rlum tdru f "m;r}u;D awGudk vufxu J ikd af jrmuf+y;D "m;a[h æ "m; æ "m; æ qdk+yD; rkefwdkif;ukd +cdrf; ajcmuf wm;qD;avh&Sdonf? &Gm"avh &yf"avh? iwdk;tysif;ajy "m; æ "m;[k atmfumrS tdrfu av;rSm ykdIyif odrfhodrfhcgaeonf? “rdaomfvG,fvG,fulul cav;rD;zGm; Ekdifatmif tE W&m,fuif;*gxm &Gwfay;aew,f vdk@ rdaomfeJ@pdk;rif;udk ajymay;prf;yg orD;&,f æ tb a&ref;ref;+yD; ay;vdkufr,fæ tJ'Da&ref; 88

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

wcGuyf g ,lomG ;acs æ ,H, k =kH unf=unfe@J aomuf vdk@ajymvdkuf? cav;arG;&wm vG,fvdrfh r,fvdk@ æ” “&xm;vuf r S w f a &pd r f aomuf & if vnf; cav;arG;&wm vG,fw,fvdk@ajymw,f” a':aus;uOD;azpum;rqH;k rD =um;jzwf 0ifajymvdu k o f nf? iwd;k ESihf oif;rsK;d u &,favonf? a&S;acwfu vlawGu bmawGrSef;vJrodbl;aemf [k iwdk;uajymawmh xyfI&,favonf? olwdk@ twGufawmh txl;tqef;aygh? “tar&,fæ &xm;xufjrefwJh *suf av,mOfawGay:ae+yD æ &xm;awmif usnfqef vdkjrefwJh usnfqef&xm;wJh æ 'Dwdkif;jynfu &xm;vufrSwfudk a&pdrfaomufwmxufpm&if usnfqef&xm;vufrSwfudk a&pdrfaomufwmrS cav;arG;&wm jrefvdrfhtHk;r,f” oif ; rsKd ; u ol o d x m;onh f t wk d i f ; xyfajymjyefonf? iwd;k wd@k armifErS uawmh oabm usum avSmif&,fae=uonf? iwdk;uwJ. 0g;=urf;cif; udk vufz0g;jzifh ±du k yf w k af tmf[pf &,fvu kd o f nf? a':aus;uawmh olajymrnfph um;udk rajymawmhbJ odkodyfxm;vdkuf&onf? rdoif;rdk;wdk@arG;pOfu a&S ; a[mif ; t,l t qtwd k i f ; "avh t wd k i f ; / &xm;vufru S u f kd a&pdraf omuf/ a&ref;aomuf+y;D ,Hk=unfcsufESifh rD;zGm;cJh&onf r[kwfvm;? 'gudk xyfo&d if iwd;k wd@k armifErS u &,f=uvdrt hf ;kH rnf? oif;rd;k uawmh bmudrk rS ajymvdak wmh? pdk;rif;u *gxmwdk@ a&ref;wdk@udk ,HkrSmr[kwf? r,Hk a&;csr,Hk? tbajymwmudk od&&if iwdk;vdkawmh &,frSmr[kwf?“tb,Hk=unfwmtb vkyfygap [m” vdk@yJajymrSm? ol@ta=umif; aumif;aumif; od+yD;om;? i,fi,fxJu ESpfudk,fhwpdwf aygif;cJh wm? ewfwifwm/ &Gmcswm/ acgpm ypfwmawGudk olu r,Hk=unfcJhayr,fh olrsm;,Hk=unfvdk@ ypf

armifpdk;csdef

xm;wJh acgpmcGufudk eif;acsrypfcJh? ol@ta=umif; od+yD;om;? oif;rdk;u ol@oli,fcsif; pdk;rif;udk awG; =unfhaerdjyefonf? qif;&Jom;tESdrfcH txkcH b0awGudk olodjrifavhvmxm;or# pdk;rif;u &Sif;jywwfol? 'Db0u vGwfajrmufatmif ±kef; xGuf=u&rnf? v,form;awG/ v,fulvDawG/ aus;&GmvlxkawGu vGwfajrmufa&;xJwGif rnf od@k yg0ifoifah =umif; oif;rd;k udk ajymcJzh ;l onf? wcg w&H óuHóudufI ajymjcif;r[kwfbJ tvkyfwck uJhodk@oabmxm;um awG@qHkajymjywwfonf vnf; &Sdonf? pd k ; rif ; td r f o d k @ rsuf E S m pd r f ; {nf h o nf wa,mufp ESpfa,mufp wcgw&H a&mufvm wwfonf? b,fuvmovJ/ b,foal wGvJ qdw k m rod? wc%vm wc%aysmufomG ;? ntdy{f nfh onf r[kwfojzihf {nfhpm&if;wdkifp&m rvdkawmh? pdk;rif;uvnf; tdrfuxGufoGm;um oHk;av;&uf aysmuf u G , f a ewwf o nf ? b,f u k d o G m ;rS e f ; rdaomfvnf;rod? ntarSmifxkxJwGif av;nd‡K@ óud;rS ypfv$wfcHvdkuf&onfhjrm;ES,f uG,faysmuf oGm;ol? “rdoif;a& eifah ,mufr rdaomfwa,muf wnf;&,f *±kpdkufvdkuftHk;aemf”[kqdkum wae &mod@k xGucf mG oGm;wwfonf? oif;rd;k u em;vnf cHpm;&ovdk pd;k rif;ukd aumufcsucf sonf? a[m'D refusn;f wef;&Gmu pd;k rif;[m v#Kd @0u S o f yl ek [ f I l ? oif;rdk;u ol@ukd,fol olykef&JŒoli,fcsif;qdkawmh olykefr jzpfvmae+yD æ [lI pOf;pm;vdkufrdpOf pdru hf eJ@ ausmcsr;f oGm;avonf? ukv d aS tmifvnf; bmxl;vdk@vJ aygif;pyfpkpnf;rd&mu pdk;rif;ESifh wl w l v monf [ k oif ; rd k ; ujrif x m;rd o nf ? wc%rSmyif ukdvSatmifukd zswfceJ owd&vdkuf onf? pdwt f awG;rsuv f ;kH tdrw f iG f ukv d aS tmifudk awG@vu kd &f onf? pd;k rif;tdrrf mS 'Dae@bJ ukv d aS tmif a&mufESifhae+yDjzpf&r,f?

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

oif;rdk;xdwfceJ &ifckefoGm;avonf? cspfolukd awG@&awmhrnf[k pOf;pm;vdkufrdpOf wc%Y &ifvd_ufzdkum ESvHk;aoG;ckefoHu jrefqef vmonf? atmf æ udv k aS tmif&,f æ [k E_wu f zG z G u av; a&&G w f r d v suf o m; jzpf o G m ;av ovm;rod? “zm;±dkufwJhrD;tkyfu b,frSmxm;=u ovJ æ temoufomatmif c%em;ae+yD;&if usroGm;vdkufyghr,f æ rdaomfvnf; ar#mfaea&m aygh æ”xd@k aemuf ajymajymqdq k kd ±_u d I f v_u d u f m oufjyif;cdk;csvdkufonfukd b,folrS rodvdkuf? oif;rdk; wxdwfxdwf&ifckefoHu &ifxJwGif yJhwif aeavvsuf &ifzdkI armvmavonf? 2 “rdoif; æ rdoif;a& ” tdrf. wHpuf+rdwfatmufwGif &yfum pd;k rif;u toHðyvdu k o f nf? toHut kd yk I f ac:vdu k f jcif;jzpfonf? tdyfaysmfaeolrsm;ukd taESmuf t,Suf rjzpfzdk@twGuf? oif;rdk;u zm;rD;tkyfukd qGu J m tdrt f ay:qifu h qif;vmcJo h nf? pd;k rif;ukd rsufESmcsif;qdkifum &yfvdkufonf? tckyJ igvnf; xGufvmcJhawmhrvdk@[ æ [kajymonf? “'DrSmrdoif; rdaomfrSm rD;zGm;zdk@ t0wf tpm;rjynfhpHkbl;[m t0wfwpHkavmuf vdkcsif w,f? eifhrSm&SdwJhtxJu wpHkavmufiSg;[m? pyg;ay:csdefrSm igjyef0,fay;r,f ” oif;rd;k u pum;yifrqH;k ao;? tdrf tay: qifo h dk@ ajcwacsmif;ua&mufaeonf? opfom; aowWm ta[mif;uav;ukzd iG u hf m t0wftpm; ESpfpHkxJu wpHkukd qGJ,lcJhum tdrfcef;uav;xJrS jyefxu G v f mcJo h nf? cspo f nhf oli,fcsi;f jzpfaomf vnf; ajym&JrSmr[kwf? b,fajymcsifyghrvJ? rjzpf 89

armifpdk;csdef

vGef;vdk@ ajym&jcif;jzpfonf[k rdoif;pdwfxJu emusifpGmjzihf em;vnfvdkufonf? wu,fvnf; pdwfxdcdkufrdavonf? ulnDapmifha&SmufcGifh&jcif; ukdyif aus;Zl;wifrqHk; jzpfaeonf? pdk;rif;&,f ighrSmESpfpHkyJ&Sdygw,f[,f? tysKd j zpf v muwnf ; u aEG a wG / aqmif ; awG / pyg;ay:csed af wGudk jzwfvmcJw h m odwt hJ wdik ;f ygy?J t0wftxnf r0,fEkdifcJhygbl;? ESpfpHkuvnf; 'g0wfbikd q f o kd vdk xyfwvJv0J wfcw hJ hJ ta[mif; ESppf ykH g[m? bmyJjzpfjzpf ESppf x kH u J wpHu k dk rdaomf twGuf zJhay;cGifh&vdk@ igu0rf;omaewm[? jyef0,fay;zd@k vH;k 0rpOf;pm;eJ@awmh? tif;av wck+y;D wckay:vmwJh t0wftxnf topftqef;awG [m igw@kd vkd qif;&Jom; ausmrGaJ wGtwGuf r[kwf bl;qdkwm eifu ydkodygw,f[m pdk;rif;&,f” pd k ; rif ; &if x J w G i f eif h I aeavonf ? emusnf;jcif;/ emusifjcif;ESifh =unfarmjcif;u a&maESm&pfywfum ol@&ifukd ±dkufcwfavonf? bmrSjyefrajymwwfawmh? em;usn;f jcif; acsm&f nf ylrsm;ukd odr;f qnf;rsKo d yd cf &hJ ojzifh &ifonfvnf; jynfah rmufvmum ayguu f v JG k rD;awmifjzpfaecJ+h y?D ,ckvnf; xyfI rsKdodyf xmayOD;aygh? oif;rdk;u pdk;rif;vufarmif;udk qkyfudkifxm;&mrS qGJac: vdkufonf? oif;rdk; vSrf;ay;aom t0wfwpHkudk pdk;rif;u *sKdif;=um;wGif zdn‡yfxm;&if; ajcvSrf;p vdkufonf? rdi_ ;f ndK@aom rd;k wdrv f yd rf sm;u aumif;uif tjynfh [D;av;cdkvGifhajrmvsuf? ydkufuGefjzef@ vsu?f &Gmv,f vrf;rwav#muf opfyifopfuidk ;f rsm;u ,drf;xdk;um taemufawmif av±dkif;rsm; xJwGif [pfatmfae=uonf? a&eHqDrD;cGuf rD; r+idrf;ap&ef rD;tkyfudk pdk;rif;u wapmif;ukdifxm; &onf? em;xJwGif w&$D;&$D; avwdk;oHukdom =um; ae&onf? a&tdkifxJu zm;vufwufatmfoH zm;cHknif;atmfoHESihf jruf&Snfyifrsm;xJrS yk&pf 90

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

atmforH sm;u rd;k nudak w;zG@J usL;&ifah eavonf? &Gmv,fausmif; Z&yftdk. trdk;oGyfjym;rsm; wcsyfESifhwcsyf ±dkufoHu n.aw;csif;ukd pnf;0g; vkdufay;aeonf? avukdqef+yD; vSrf;avav avuaqmifhI &ifbwfudkwGef;ojzifh ajcvSrf;u wk H @ oG m ;avav? c&D ; rwG i f a wmh ? r=umrD &G m v,f y d k i f ; apwD u k e f ; od k @ a&muf v monf ? tdrq f ufjywf oGm;onhf uGuv f yfae&m? pd;k rif;u oif;rdk; vufudkvSrf;qGJ&if; c%pum;ajym=u &atmif[k qdkum &yfvdkufonf? “rdoif; igwkd@wdkufyGJpzdk@eD;vm+yD æ odyfta&;}uD;vm+yD æ tm;vHk;tHkºuG+yDqdkwmeJ@ wòydifeuf æ tck&GmrSm&SdaewJh igwdk@ukdtkyfcsKyf aewJh aus;&GmtzGJ@tpnf;awGudk csufcsif;yJ zsuf odr;f +yD; æ aus;&Gmvlxt k yk cf sKyfa&;tzG@J xlaxmif =u&vdrfhr,f æ aus;&GmtrsKd;orD;xkukd apmifh a&Smufun l zD @kd æ olw@kd awGe@J twl vlxk aumfrwD xJrSm rdoif;yg0if&vdrfhr,f æ w&GmeJ@ w&Gm qufpyf wnfrSDaew,f æ wòydifwnf; vkyEf idk zf @kd igw@dk óu;d pm;aew,f æ jyifqifae=uw,f” oif;rdk;u‘a[mhawmh’[k a,mif,rf; jrnfaºuG;vdu k o f nf? ar#mv f ifrh xm;yJ ±kww f &uf =um;vdkuf&ojzifh oif;rdk; tHh=ooGm;onf? pdk;rif; u“eifhukd óudwiftoday;xm;csifvdk@yg? tao; pdyu f adk wmh aemufraS jymr,f”[kqu kd m oif;rd;k ukd qGJac:vmcJhonf? at;at;vlvl &yf+yD; aqG;aEG; vdk@rjzpf? ESpfa,mufpvHk; odxm;+yD;om;? rdaomf uav;arG;zGm;zdk@u ta&;}uD;ae+yD r[kwfvm;? avjyif ; av[k e f x J xd k ; cG J q ef w uf av#muf v S r f ; vmcJ h p Of oif ; rd k ; u vG e f c J h o nf h q,f h & S p f E S p f u k d c%jyef a &muf o G m ;onf ? 88 ta&;awmfyHk}uD; ay:xGufvmpOfu oif;rdk;u 6 ESpf orD;t&G,f? ,ckuJhodk@tHh=o&rSef;yifrod? rcHpm;wwfao;? aus;&Gm v,form;xkawG òrd@udkwuf+yD; tm%m&Sifukd jzKwfcsbdk@ qENjy

armifpdk;csdef

tHkºuG=uawmh tazyg0ifcJhyHkukd rSwfrdaeao; onf? tazòrdŒujyefvmawmh “&Siw f @kd v,form; awGaum ausmif;om;awGyg ae0if;ppfwyfu aoewfeJ@ypf owfjzwfw,fqdk?”[k taru xdwx f w d yf smysmar;cJhyHk taridkcJhyHkawGukd awG@jrif cJhbl;onf? ,ckawmh oif;rdk;udk,fwkdif tazh udk,fpm; yg0if&awmhrnf? txyfxyff tEkdifusifh jc,fvS,faoG;pkyfonfh aESmifóud;rsm;ukd ukd,fpD jzwf&awmhrnf? ol w d k @ ES p f a ,muf wJ t d r f t qif h o d k @ a&mufonfESihf rdaomf atmf[pfnnf;nLonhf toHawGukd =um;&awmhonf? zefrD;tdrf eDvJhvJh atmufwiG f xdik af wG;aeonfh ukv d aS tmifudk E_wf rquftm;yJ tdrcf ef;av;xJ wef;0if oGm;=uonf? “rif;wk@d udk tdrt f jyifxu G +f y;D apmifah eao;w,f?” [k ukv d aS tmifajymonfudk E_ww f ek @f rjyefEidk af wmh? rdaomfu tdrfeH&Hukd arS;rSDxkdifae&mu pd;k rif;ESio hf if;rd;k wk@d udk qGzJ ufxm;avonf? t&yf vufonf a':xm;cifvnf; toifha&muf &SdaecJh +yD? pd;k rif;tzGm; a':pdeyf iG Ehf iS hf 0dik ;f ul tm;xkwaf y; rnfh w&Gmwnf;ae a':aºuG/ a':at;cdkifwkd@vnf; a&mufae=u+y?D at;rd;k u “tazay;vdu k w f hJ a&ref; udk aomufvdkufygvm;? rdaomfcav;rD;zGm;&wm vG,f&rwJh? a&ref;qdkwm ,Hk=unfr_udk tm;ay; wmayg?h tdrrf mS tazu rdaomftwGuf *gxmawG &Gwaf y;aeav&JŒ”[kqu k d m a&ref;wku d af vonf? “uJæ pd;k rif;/ xGu/f tdrt f jyifrmS xGuf apmifhaeayawmh? rif;rdef;r rD;zGm;bdk@eD;ae+yD”? a':xm;cifu pdk;rif;ukdtdrftjyifodk@ v$wfvdkufonf? pdk;rif;u “bmrSra=umufeJ@ t jyifrmS ud, k &f adS er,f[w k v f m;? tm;wif;+yD; arG;cs vdu k pf rf;ygred ;f r&,f”[kqu kd m xGuv f mcJo h nf? em&D0ufcef@t=umwGif tdrcf ef;uav; onf vlpnfum;&m òrd@av;wòrd@ES,f ±_yfaxG; qlnHvmavonf? rdcif 0rf;=umwdkufwGif udk;v

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ausmf xkqpfco hJ nfh vlaygupf av;onf vG,v f , G f ululjzihf vl@avmuxJodk@ qif;vmcsifyHkr&? emusif ukdufcJr_a0'emukd rdcifu rcsdrqef@ cHpm; +y;D rS arG;zGm;jcif;ukd pavonf? rdaomf óuw d ifa[m ude;f xkwfonhftwdkif; om;uav; “oHr%d”ukd rdaomf arG;ay;vdkufavonf? 3 pd;k rif;tdr+f cHaxmifw h iG f wJwvH;k &So d nf? rdk;wGif;umv rD;qkdufzdk@ opfom;cGJjcrf;rsm; xif; acsmif;rsm;xm;onfh wJuav;? o&ufyif}uD; atmuf&Sd xdkwJuav;ukd o&ufyif&Gufudkif; qHr#ifwGJv#m;rsm;u wJacgifrdk;odk@ jzef@vSrf;xm; onf? =u,fyGifhrsm;ukd opf&Guft=um;rS awG@& wwfonf? xdkwJuav;xJu uGyfyspfwGif pdk;rif; ESirhf ad omfw@kd aEGbufwiG x f ikd af eus? xdk wJuav; &S&d mod@k tarSmifxx k w J iG f prf;w0g;0g; ESpaf ,muf om; prf;av#mufvmcJh=uonf? ukdvSatmifu oif ; rd k ; vuf u k d q G J u m jruf a wmxJ az;ul wGJav#mufvmcJhonf? =u,fyGifhrsm;u aysmufuG,fae&mrS xGufay:vmum wdrfwkdufxJwGif w&dyf&dyf ajy; aeavonf? apmapmu ,drf;xdk; v_yfcgaeaom opfyifrsm;rSm +idrfoufp/ tdyfarmusp? wEGJ@EGJ@ wdu k cf wfqrJ ;kd avu olw@kd EpS Of ;D ukd at;pdrhf vmap cJo h nf?ukv d aS tmifuoif;rd;k vufuzd k zG q G yk x f m;onf? “'DnrSmyJ &Gmjyefr,f/ rdoif;vdkufEdkif rvm; cdk;&mvdkufcJh” oif;rd;k u rvdu k b f ;l [kajzawmh bmjzpf vd@k v[ J k xyfar;onf? r=umjzLu udv k aS tmifudk &efawG@rSmaygh[k ajzrdpOf oif;rdk;ukd odrf;ayG@xm; vdkufonf? 91

armifpdk;csdef

“=umjzLu ajym+yD;om; udk,fhudk tudk wa,mufvkd cifwmxufrydb k ;l wJ?h oif;rd;k &ifuJG atmif rvkyfbl;wJh? +yD;awmh ol@rSm&nf;pm;eJ@/ acolr[kwfyg qdkwJhtxJuyJ” “rdoif;ukd rapmifhEkdif&ifawmh tjcm; wa,mufeJ@ tdrfaxmifòyygav? 'g[mjzpfoifh ygw,f ? tck a vmavmq,f tcspf a &;xuf acwfta&;u ydck ufw,f? ykt d a&;}u;D w,f r[kwf vm;? 'Dvdkacwftajymif;tvJxJrSm wudk,fa& cHpm;zdk@ wudk,faumif;vkyfzdk@ukd ab;z,fxm;ygrS vkyfp&m&SdwmawGukd xdxdrdrd vkyfEkdifrSm” xyf+yD;qif;&JrSmpdk;vdk@ tdrfaxmifrðy wmxuf qif;&Jb0 vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf ±kef;uefzdk@ tdrfaxmifrðyao;wmukd oif;rdk;u ajymjcif;jzpfonf? ,cifuxuf pdwu f ajymif;vJ jyif;xefvmcJhonf? oif;rdk;u ukdvSatmifukd jyefI em;csonf? ukdvSatmifu oabmaygufcJh +yD;om;? oif;rd;k txifvaJG erSmpd;k Iom tdraf xmif ðyzd k @ oif ; rd k ; uk d awmif ; qd k a ejcif ; jzpf o nf ? ukdvSatmifu pdk;rif;ESifhrdaomfwkd@ukd tm;uscJh bl;onf? b0udx k o kd @dk yif cspw f o hJ o l if;rd;k ESifh twl wG±J ek ;f uefcsio f nf? ,ckawmh apmif&h ayOD;awmhrnf? ukdvSatmifu oif;rdk;ukd wckyJ awmif;qdkonf? “a0;ae=utH k ; r,f q d k a yrJ h / ra0;& atmif eD;yg&aprdoif;&,f [kwv f m;? csed ;f awG@ciG hf ay;ygaemf? pdk;rif;qDvmae&rSmyg? rdoif; ajymo vdkyJ ta&;}uD;vm+yDav? jyifqifp&m &SdwmawG ukd jyifqifxm;=u&vdrfhr,f? 'Da&mufvm&if rdoif;eJ@awG@&rSmyJ r[kwfvm; ” rdoif;u ukv d aS tmif&ifciG x f J ausmckid ;f arS;rSDxm;&mu &ifcsif;tyfum rsufESm csif;qdkif vdu k o f nf? oif;rd;k rsuEf mS yg;jyifay:od@k =um±d;k EG,f rsm;ozG,f ol@vufacsmif;rsm;jzifh tomt,m prf;zdxm;vdkufonf? ol@terf;yGifhrsm;u rdoif; yg;jyifxufwGif txyfxyf yGifhcJhavonf? 92

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“oGm;=updk@aemf odyfnOfheufvm+yD? reuf aumufpdkufqif;&tHk;rSm udk@udk owd& aerSmyg? udk@vdkyJ vGrf;aerSmyg? ” pd;k rif; vmcJrh ,fv@kd ajymw,f? zm;rD;tkyf ,lvmcJhvdrfhr,f? rdoif;ukd vdkufydk@=urSmyg[k ukv d aS tmifuajym&if; E_wq f uferf;um oif;rd;k ukd od r f ; ayG @ xm;vd k u f j yef o nf ? uG y f y spf a y:wG i f ESpfa,mufom; xdkifusoGm;avonf?

Ò

Ò Ò

9 / 9 / 2006 opPmtrSwf (11) Ekd0ifbmv/ 2006

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

yGiahf
armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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105

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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112

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armifpdk;csdef

“bma=umihf wm0efauspyg; rqyfwm vnf; æ EkdifiHawmftpdk;&ukd tuJprf;wmvm; æ pdeaf c:wmvm; æ vrf;rawGay:rSm xGu+f yD; rif;rJh p±dkufawGeJ@ ykefuef=uwmratmifjrifvdk@ tpdk;& csrSwfxm;wJhtrdef@ukd quf+yD; qef@usifwmvm; æ [kwfvm;OD;pdef ” “qef@usiw f m rqef@usiw f mu wydik ;f jzpfvdrfhr,f æ wu,fajym&rJhtydkif;u cifAsm; wk@d yikd q f ikd x f m;wJh v,f,majray:rSm 'Duae@acwf v,fvyk af e=uwJh oD;pm;v,form;awG[m e,fcsŒJ t*Fvdyfacwfu ajrydkif&Sif cspfwD;ukvm;awG vufxufu oD;pm;v,form;awG aºuG;xlvdk@ aºuG;rqyfEkdifwJh jy\emrsKd;/ tJ'Djy\emudk 'DacwfrSm xyfawG@ae&w,f? 'Dawmh wm0efaus pyg;/ txGufwdk;pyg;/ bmpyg;/ nmpyg; wm0ef raus&if b,fy'k rf t& b,ftjypfudk usL;vGew f m jzpfw,fqdkwJh trdef@&Sd&if cifAsm;wdk@Oya'twkdif; usaemfwdk@ v,form;awG cHbdk@toifhyJ æ” tbonf ol. ukef;aeaomcg;ukd ±kww f &uf qef@vu dk o f nf? acgi;f ukad rmh ar;ukjd r‡ihf xm;vdkufonf? &ifukd aumhxm;vdkufonf? ol@ ajymvufppum;ukd toufjyefoiG ;f vdu k af vonf? “usaemfwdk@v,form;awG rSwfom; xm;wmu cifAsm;wd@k tm%modr;f ppfaumifpu D a&G;aumufyGJ vkyfay;r,fqdk+yD; aoewfudkif/ ppf abmif;bD0wf/ a,mufsm;yDyD uwday;cJhwmyJ? a&G;aumufyrJG mS ay:vmrJv h x l t k pd;k &u vlxq k EN/ vlxb k 0eJ@tnD tajccHOya'awG a&;qGrJ ,f? tJ'D aemufrmS vlxt k pd;k &u wdik ;f jynf pDrcH ef@co JG mG ;r,f? zdEydS rf a_ tmufu usaemfw@kd b0awG[m oufom acsmifcsd vGwv f yfomG ;+yD 'gyjJ zpf&r,f? tck[mu vlxt k pd;k &vnf; r&Sad o;bl;? jynfo@l tm%mvnf; r&Sad o;bl; r[kwv f m;? 'Dawmh v,f&iS ef @J v,fo rm;awG=um;rSm n‡dEdkif;&ifykdaumif;ygvdrfhr,f æ? bma=umifh aºuG;rqyfEkdifwmvnf;/ wm0efaus

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

pyg; rqyfEidk w f mvnf;qdw k m usaemfw@kd v,form; awGrSm ta=umif;awG&Sd+yD;om;yJ? pyg;qdkvdk@ tdrrf mS Ek@d qb D ;l wbl;awmifr&Sb d ;l æ? cspw f ;D acwf e,fcsJ@acwfukd jyefroGm;aphcsifbl; æ usaemfwdk@ v,form;awG[macwftqufqufu ajr&Sipf epf ukd qef@usicf w hJ m æ rvdv k m;cJw h m æ v,form; awGtodq;kH yJ ” “cifAsm;wa,mufwnf; udpu P dk ajymwJh tcg v,form;awGtm;vHk;ukd qGJrxnfhygeJ@ æ cifAsm;udpPudkyJ cifAsm;ajym ” xdt k ajctaewGif wif;rmvmavonf? òrŒd e,f ppftyk cf sKyaf &;tzG@J xu J wm0ef&o dS u l ol@a&S@ upm;yGJckHukd vufoD;jzihfxkum tbOD;pdefudk ykef uefjcm;em;oljzpfatmif acsmufxJ wGef;csonf? trSefw&m;ukd vufrcHEkdifonhftcg trSefw&m; ajymolu&dk efo/l ykeu f efot l jzpf owfrw S yf pfvu dk f onf? ppftyk cf sKyfa&;tzG@J acgi;f aqmifu tbukd +cdrf;ajcmufavonf? rD;[kef;[kef;awmufaom usm;rsuv f ;kH jzifph u kd =f unfo h nf? wnf+idr&f ifu h suf aom tòy;H rsuEf mS jzifh tbuòy;H v#uf wk@H jyefonf? “zufqpf*syefacwfxJu v,form; awG&JŒ pyg;ykwfxJupyg;ukd zufqpfu t"rR ,loGm;=uw,f? aoewfvufeufatmufrSm tJ'Dvdk "m;jywkduf,loGm;ayrJh qefr&Sd pyg;r&SdwJh v,form;awG/ v,fuv l aD wGudk axmifxJ xnfh rxm;cJw h mawmhtrSeyf J æ ppf'%foifah ewJh =um; u pyg;pdkufwJh v,form;awGukd zufqpf*syef u aus;Zl;awmif wifr,fxifyg&JŒ ” “cifAsm;oGm;awmh/ xGuo f mG ; æ wm0ef auspyg;ay;rvm; ray;bl;vm; 'gyo J cd siw f ,f? 'Dn òrŒd e,ftcsKycf ef;udk yd@k rmS jzpfw,f? oGm;awmh ” tbonf =uufar$;av;wacsmif;vdk aygyh g;pGm x&yfvu kd o f nf? b0wlv,form; awG&ŒJ ukd,fpm;ajymcJh&onfukd aus;Zl;wifygw,f [k qdkum òyH;I&,farm&if; tbxGufvmcJhonf? 115

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

±Hk;cef;rS xGufvmaom v,form; tbdk;tdkukd v,form;rsm;ESihf+cHpnf;±dk;tjyifrS vlxu k apmifóh uad i;armae=uonf? bmawGajymcJh ovJ? aoewf u d k i f tk y f c sKyf a &;"m;jytzG J @ u bmawG ar;jref; csnfwkyfcJhavrvJ? “tba& ±Hk;cef;xJu bmajymvdkuf ovJ æ tdrfjyef&awmhrvm; tdrfudk jyefv$wf vdkuf+yDvm; æ bmajymvdkufovJwJh tbGm;u odyfodcsifaew,fæ” oif;jru [pfIajymonf? tbu ajr; tzGm;ukd ai;=unh+f y;D aemuf olw@dkxH vSr;f oGm;onf? +cpH nf;±d;k tjyifbuf&dS ajr;tzGm;xHw;kd uyfomG ;onf? tbu &,farmaxhaigu h m [movkyv f u kd o f nf? “wm0efauspyg;ray;EkdifwJh qif;&JwJh oD;pm;v,form;awGtwGuf òrŒd e,ftcsKycf ef; xJ rSm nDvmcHwck usif;yay;r,fwJha[h æ tJ'D nD vmcHu b,fEpS &f uf/ b,fEpS v f =umr,f rodb;l wJh æ” tzG m ;òcH E S i f h ajr;ruav;oif ; jrrS m bmajym&rSef;yifrodawmh? E_wfzsm;rSm “[,f” [lI E_wfqdwf +idrfoufoGm;=uonf? 2 òrdŒe,fpkaygif;±Hk;pdkuf&m tcsKyfcef;wGif tusOf;cHv,form;awG jzpfvmcJh=uonf? eHeuf 10 em&Dcq JG &kd if xrif;csKid ehf @J xrif; xkyrf sm; a&mufvmcJ=h uonf? tcsKycf ef;xJ a&muf aecJ=h uonfh v,form;awGudk tdrrf S xrif;xkyf vmyd@k =ujcif;jzpfonf? vSn;f óuHEiS hf wrsK;d / ajcv#if woG,f/ um;ESifh &xm;ESihfwzHk vmykd@=u&onf? tcsKycf ef;rqH@ojzihf v,form; tusO;f om;rsm;onf tcsKyfcef;tjyifbuf&Sd ukuUdKyif pdrf;nKd@ndK@atmuf ajrjyifay:wGif jzpfovdk ae=u &onf? xrif;xkyfukdajz+yD; ajrjyifay:rSmyJpm;&/ tdyf=u&onf? xrif;xkyfydk@rnfholukd eHeufpm 116

pm;csdef a&mufonfESihf ar#mf=u&onf? axmif0if pmxrif;xkyf/ xrif;[if;rSmvJ tdrfuxrif;[if; jzpfonf? ykdI xl;jcm;aumif;rGefonf r[kwfay? tifzuf(odk@r[kwf) iSufaysmzuf xrif;xkyfukd ajzvdkufonfhtcgwGif xrif;ESihf ig;ydaxmif;/ xrif;ESifhig;ydcsuf? taumif;qHk; tpm;tpm tjzpf bJOa=umfukd awG@&wufonf? awmxJodk@ 0g;ckwf/ xif;ckwfoGm;onhf tcg ajr}uD;ay:wGif pm;&/ tdyf&onf? v,fxGef x,fxdk;awmhvnf; v,fuGufuefoif;ay:wGif tqmcHpm;&/ a&aEG;=urf; 0dkif;zGJ@aomuf&/ ajrESifh ruif;awmh? ajray:rSmarG;/ ajrESihfwom;wnf;/ wv$mwnf;? ajray:rSm ajrocifESihf zufayG@& onfrSm aysmfarG@p&m? ajray:rSmpm;/ ajray:rSm tdyf? bmrSrqef;jym;cJh? odk@aomf æ oD;pm;c ray;Ekdifonhf oD;pm;v,form;wdk@ tusOf;wdkuf xJodk@ usa&mufcJhpOf ajray:rSmtdyf/ ajray:rSmpm; &aomtcg ajr.om;rsm;ESihftwl ajrocifonf emusif&avonf? aemufxyfb,fESpfn b,fESpf&ufr# onftcsKyfcef;ESihf ajray:wGif v,form; tusO;f om;wkd@ ae=u&OD;rnfenf;? “tb&JŒ 'g[m b0wuUodkvf wckyJ AsK@d æ 'DwuUov kd rf mS usKyw f @dk aeor# tawG@tóuH awG trsm;}uD; &vdkufrSmyJ ” v,form;vli,fwOD;jzpfonfh o&uf awm&Gmom; zdk;atmifu tbOD;pdefukd vSrf;+yD; tm;n‡dvdkufonf? zdk;atmifudk tb wkef@jyefyrkH mS v,form;awGudk t&GŒJ wdu k o f yH gaeonf? “qif;&Jom;v,form;awG pk±Hk;=uyg? &ifziG n hf v D mcHvyk =f uygæ a&SŒa&;twGuf bmvkyf =urvJqdkwm wdkifyif=uygqdk&if pkpnf;jzpfcsifrS pkpnf;jzpfr,f æ acgif;xdvdk@ toJrcHEkdifawmhrS igwk d @ v,f o rm; tawmf r sm;rsm;[m pk p nf ; jzpf=uw,f æ tckuGm òrdŒe,f&JŒ taemufbuf

armifpdk;csdef

jcrf;wckvHk;u v,form;awG ukd,fpm;vS,f ig;q,fausmfvm+yD; pkpnf;rd=uw,f æ 'g[m tjrwfyJuG zdk;atmif&JŒ æ tm%m&Sifukdawmif t&GJŒwdkuf+yD; aus;Zl;wif&awmhrvkdyJuG æ” u&if'dkuftif;ESihf Arm'dkuftif;&Gmu v,form;wcsKd@u tbajymonfudk òyH;rd=u aomfvnf; b0ifrcsdcJh? wcsKd@v,form;awGu wm0efauspyg;rqyfEidk I f aeyltvSe;f cH=u&onf? b,fvrkd S n‡px f w k , f v l @kd r&awmhrS v,form;ukd tcsKyfcef;xJ axmiftusOf;wkdufxJ ydk@vdkufjcif; jzpfonf? òrŒd e,fppftyk cf sKyaf &;tzG@J u tpnf;ta0; wufz@kd toHcsŒJ pufEiS hf atmf[pf ta=umif;=um; aomfvnf; tjcm;aus;&GmrS v,form;awGrSm r=um;vdu k =f u? ysuu f u G f cJ=h uonfh v,form;rsm; ukd ppfwyfESifh ppftkyfcsKyfa&;u *sDo&D;ajymif;0ukd iHkcdkif;onf? wcsKd@ v,form;rsm;rSm ppfzdeyfjzifh aqmifhtuefcH&onf? v,form;u aºuG;I v,form;0,fay;aom aoewf'ife@J v,form; rsm; txkc&H avonf? wcsK@d v,form;rsm; rsuEf mS udk vufoD;jzifh txdk;cH&ojzifh tmvl;uJhodk@ zl; a,mif ndKrJukefonf? wcsKd@v,form;rsm;ukd tpnf;ta0;ysufuGufonf[kqdkum aiG'%f aqmifcdkif;onf? ppfwyfonfbk&ifyJ? aoewfESifh ppfwyfonf w&m;±Hk;yJ? pdwfwdkif;us w&m;rJh tEkdifusifhcGifh &xm;avonf? tdrfu rdom;pkvmydk@onf@ xrif;xkyf ukd qmavmifrw G o f yd f ar#maf pmih&f if; ajrjyiftcif; ay:wGif 0dkif;zGJ@ nDvmcH=ujcif;jzpfonf? twGif; tcsKyfcef;xJrSmvnf; tjcm;&mZ0wf tusOf; om;rsm;ESihftwl v,form;tusOf;om;awG tjynfhtodyf? tcsKyfcef;xJrS v,form;awG tm;vH;k rSm onfnv D mcHo@kd wufa&mufciG rhf &=u? “tm%modrf;+yD; &Spfvmt=umrSm v,form;awGukd yGJOD;xGuf OD;csKd;emrfESdrfwmyJ OD;zd;k apm&JŒæ yJc;l ta&SŒjcrf;wd@k {&m0wDwikd ;f wd@k u

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

v,form;awGvnf; usKyfwdk@vdkygyJAsmæ tJ'Du v,form;awG trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfeJ@ vl@abmifopfygwDukd tultnD oGm;awmif;=u owJ?h tckvzdk Ed ydS &f rf;um;r_awGudk umuG,af y;zd@k v,form;awGudk,fwkdif owif;ydk@=u? wdkif=u awm=uowJh æ tJ'DygwDawGuvnf; ppfacgif; aqmif apmarmifw@kd udk xkwjf yefcsuaf wGe@J wm;qD; w,fAs æ xkwfjyefcsufawG xkwfjyefvdk@qdk+yD; òrdŒe,fppftkyfcsKyfa&;±Hk;awGu vl@abmifopfygwD 0iftcsK@d udk axmifxx J x hJ m;onft h xd ppfaumifpD tm%m&Siaf wGuvufoaH jymifae=u+yu D , kd v hf w l @dk ” tbpdeu f ol@rw d af qGcsp&f aJ bmf u&if trsK;d om;}u;D apmzd;k eDuòdk y;H =unf&h if; today;av onf? apmzd;k eDrmS tH=h ooGm;[efjzihf wHawG;wcsuf axG;xkwfvdkufonf? aq;&Guf}uD;ukd tHoGm;jzifh wcsufzdudkuf&if; acgif;ukd wGifwGifcgvdkufonf? tbwd@k òrŒd e,fajrmufyikd ;f u v,form; rsm;omru tjcm;òrdŒe,fta&SŒjcrf; taemuf jcrf;u v,form;rsm;yg tcsKycf ef;xJrmS vma&muf qHq k nf;=uonf? eHeufcif; ukuKdU yif&yd f v,form; nDvmcHu t&Sdef&p? v,form;awGukd zrf;qD; axmifxJ xnfhxm;onhf owif;u awmrD;yrm ysHŒESH@cJh+yDjzpfojzifh pmemcHpm;onfhvlxkrsm;rSm wzGzJ JG a&mufvmcJ=h uonf? bmuln&D rvJ? a&wk@d / &dumQ wd@k vHak vmuf&ŒJ vm;? ponfyh yl efrj_ zifh axmuf yhu H n l v D o kd nfh vlxak wGvnf; wjznf;jznf; rsm;jym; vm? oHql;óud;pnf;±dk;odk@ csOf;uyfvmcJh=uonf? òrŒd e,faxmiftcsKycf ef;eJ@ vlae&yfuu G f u woD;wjcm;pDr[kwf? axmifeH&HESifh oHql;óud; ywfywfvnfrSmu vlae&yfuGufESifh vlxkawG? òrd@uav;ESifh ul;vl;qufoG,fxm;onfh ajrzdk@ vrf;rESihf tcsKyfcef;uvnf; uyfv#ufom;? “tba& æ tb æ orD;wdk@ a&muf vm=u+yD? tzGm;vJygw,f æ tbudkajymay;yg æ tbOD;pdefudkajymay;=uyg æ orD;ajymwmukd 117

armifpdk;csdef

tbr=um;&if ab;em;u OD;}uD;wkd@uwqifh ajymjyay;yg&Sifh æ” ajr;rav;oif ; jru toH u k e f [pf atmfajymonf? tbu rwfwyf&yfum aemuf a=umbufu toHvm&modk@ vSrf;=unfhonf? vufjyE_wfqufonf? xdk@aemuf +cHpnf;±dk;wGif &yfaeaom ajr;tzGm;&S&d mod@k wvSr;f csi;f vSr;f oGm; onf? vrf;w0ufwiG f tusO;f axmif apmihyf v k yd u f tbudkvSrf;+yD; trdef@ay; wm;jrpfonf? “wm;vdk@r&&if ypf&vdrfhr,f æ a&SŒ rwdk;ygeJ@ ” ykvdyf. trdef@udk =um;&onfhaemuf wGif v,form;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;onf tbpdef .aemufrS wvSr;f csi;f vSr;f um vdu k v f mcJ=h uonf? tbu ajr;tzGm;xH qufav#muf&if; a&mufvm cJh=uonf? ajcwvSrf;rqkwfcJh? “tzdk;}uD; usKyfa[m'D +cHpnf;±dk;rSm tpmiwfcH qENjy+yD;aeoGm;r,f æ tzdk;}uD; rvGwfrcsif; v,form;awGukd rv$wfrcsif; usKyf a[m'DrSm aeoGm;r,f æ tdrfrjyefbl; æ ao&if aoayhap æ” tzGm;u a'gotufujJG zihf ol@tzd;k }u;D OD;pdefudk vSrf;ajymonf? tzGm; vufarmif;ukd zufuidk x f m;onfh oif;jrvuf acsmif;awGrmS vnf; v_yfcgvmavonf? v,form; rdom;pkrsm;ESihf vlxky&dwfowfrSm tcsKyftaESmifcH oHql;óud; teD;odk@ 0Hh&Jwdk;uyfvmcJh=uonf? wckckjzpfvm avrvm;? wckckjzpfvmawmhrnfh t&dyfa&mif twdwfedrdwfrsm;avvm;? ajr;tzGm;udk wajz; ajz;0dkif;tHkxm;=u/ ar;=u/ jref;=u/ tm;ay;=u/ tzGm;ajymwmukd *±kwpdkuf em;axmif=u/ tb bmrsm;ajymrvJ qdkif;iHh em;pGifh aecJh=uonf? “tar}uD ; &,f &G m ud k j yef y guG m æ usef;rma&;ukd*±kpdkufapcsifw,fæ igwkd@ touf &Sifae&tHk;rSm æ aovdk@ rjzpfao;bl; æ 'DrSmu 118

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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ÒÒÒ ZGef / 14 / 2007 opPmtrSwf(15)/ Edkf0ifbmv/ 2007 119

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121

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

2 oufwifrsKd;&Sdonhfae&mukd usaemfu uwdkufu±dkuf xGufvmcJhonhftcsdefwGif tarSmif xku odrf;ykdufp òyaecJhavonf? vrf;r}uD;ab;wGi&f adS om rif;rif;tdraf &S@rmS yif wdu k yf jJG zpfymG ;cJo h nf? xdw k u kd yf w JG iG f oufwif rsKd;. aemufausmcg;pyfudk aoewfusnf xdrSefcJhjcif;jzpfonf? xdk@aemuf ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; u teH@cH vdkufvmrSmpdk;ojzifh v#Kd@0Suf ajc&mazsmufxm;Ekdifrnfh tdrfwtdrfodk@ oufwifrsKd;ukd ajymif;a&G@ o,f,lvmcJh=uonf[k usaemfhukdvmac:onfh rif;rif;(jrrif;)uajymonf? vlxku tm;aumif;ae onf? tay:pD;&aeojzihf &efolu ±_H;rJ rJaeonfhumv? vlxktiftm;u }uD;rm;aeonf? vlxk wkdufyGJrsm;/ oydwfwkdufyGJrsm;ukd acsr_ef;owfjzwfr_rsm;rSm qufvuf&SdaeqJ? xdka=umihf t&m&mukd pdwfcs,Hk=unfIr&? tarSmifxk uef@vef@umu ajyuspðyaeojzifh nDtudkrodwodtcsdef/ rdwfaqGvm; &efol vm; roJuGJawmh? aemufausmbufwGif uyfygvmEkdifrnfht&dyfukd tuJcwf&if; vdkufvmcJhonf? &ifxJwGif rGef;=uyfpðyvmonf? nrxGuf& ppfrdef@xkwfxm;+yD;om;? vrf;ray:wGif wcgw&H ppfum; rsm;ukd awG@Ekdifonf? ppfum;rsm;ESifh &ifqdkifawG@Ekdifaom vrf;rsm;ukda&Smifwdrf;um &yfuGufxJrS vrf; oG,/f vrf;usO;f rsm;twdik ;f tajy; av#mufvrS ;f vmcJ=h uonf? usaemh&f ifonf pufcvkyEf ydS x f m;aom puf±kyfuJhodk@ w'def;'def; ckefjrnfaeavonf? rif;rif;vnf; usaemfhuJhodk@yif &ifckefaernfvm;rod? touf&Sifoefap&ef oufwifrsKd;ukd rnfodk@ aq;0g;ukoay;v#if aumif;rnfenf;? vrf; wav#mufvHk; xdktcsufukdyJ xyfzefwvJvJ pOf;pm;vmcJhonf? aq;±Hkukdac:oGm;I rjzpfEkdif? wkdufyGJ umvwGif aq;±Hkonf usm;ygpyfjzpfaeonf? aq;±Hka&mufonfESihf ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u aoewf '%f&m&xm;ol oufwifrsK;d ukd vufxw d cf wfrmS jzpfonf? ajcusi;f cwfrmS jzpfonf? +yD;v#if q&m0ef/ q&mrawGukd aq;0g;ruko&ef wm;jrpfrSmjzpfonf? TuJhodk@ oufwifrsKd;onf tusOf;axmifESifh rjcm;aom aq;±HkrSmyif touf0d^mOfaºuG&rSmjzpfonf? ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. oabmxm;ukd od&Sd xm;cJh=u+yD;jzpfojzifh aq;±Hkodk@ydk@&ef rvdkawmh? 'gjzifhjyifyaq;cef;wGif q&m0efESifh ukocGihf&Ekdifrnfvm;? em;vnfr_,l+yD; q&m0efESifh uko&vdrfhrnf? q&m0efukd tjrefqHk;&SmazG&rSm? &efcek o f rH sm; jrefqefveG ;f ouJo h @kd tawG;uvnf; pdwu f ;l rsm;ESit hf wl v#ijf refpmG ul;ajymif; oGm;aecJhavonf? rif;rif;eHab;odk@ wdk;uyfoGm;+yD; toHtkyfI ar;rdaeavonf? “rif;rif;wkd@ b,fvdk pDpOfxm;=uovJæ oufwifrsKd;ukd aq;cef;ac:oGm;+yD; q&m0efeJ@ ukrS jzpfrSmuG” “&yfuGufxJu oydwfaumfrwD vl}uD;awGa&mufvm=u+yD; pDpOfae=u+yDq&m æ oufwif rsKd;u q&mhukdoGm;ac:ay;yg æ q&meJ@awG@yg&apqdk+yD; wzGzGajymaevdk@ vmac:wm? ol@tarvJ a&mufae+yD æ usrom;ukd u,fygt;kH qd+k y;D awG@wv hJ u l dk awmif;yef aeawmhwmaygq h &m&,f ” “rif;uawmh vGwfoGm;w,faygh[kwfvm; æ usefwJh rif;wdk@oli,fcsif;awGaum tzrf; cH=u&ao;vm;” 122

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“usaemfaum oli,fcsi;f awGyg vGwo f mG ;=uw,fæ olu a&SŒqH;k uae OD;aqmif+yD; wku d w f hJ vlqdkawmh ol@ukdrJ+yD; ypfcwf=uw,f æ olwa,mufwnf; usnfqHxdrSefcJhwm” rif;rif;u usaemhftdrfukd tajy;tv$m; a&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? tdrftjyef aemufus aecJo h jzifh usaemfEiS fh vGo J mG ;cJo h nf? 'kw, d t}udrf vmac:pOf rif;rif;eJ@ awG@&jcif;jzpfonf? usaemfu h kd awG@pOf rif;rif;uajymjyxm;cJhojzihf olwdk@wdkufyGJukd usaemf ajc&maumufrdoGm;onf? 88 ta&;awmfyHk}uD; ppjcif; oydwfwdkufyGJxJwGif oufwifrsKd;ESihf rif;rif;wdk@ vli,fwpk yg0ifv_yf&Sm;cJhonf? 8 &ufae@nuyJ òrdŒawmfcef;ra&SŒwGif zufqpfwyfuacsr_ef;ojzifh olwdk@. cspfoli,fcsif;armifarmifESifh rat;eENmwdk@rSm usqHk;onhfvli,fawGxJ ygoGm;=uonf? 'kwd,ae@ csDwufwdkufyGJxJwGif tcspfqHk;oli,fcsif; rdk;vGifusqHk;cJhjyefonf? aemufawmh zufqpfwyfu ypfcwf owfjzwfr_udk b,fvdkwkH@jyef=urvJ? olwdk@ tpnf;ta0;xkdif=uonf? vufeufjzifhom wkH@jyef &rnf[k oabmxm;usvmcJhonf? olwdk@toufawGu 14 - 15 ? Eke,fwufºuGaom vli,fawG? rcHcsifawmh? rcHEkdifvGef;ojzifh aemufqHk;awmh ykvif;wvHk;xJ cJxnfh/ oJxnfh/ a&eHqD "gwfqDxnhf/ peufwHrD;pmwwf/ rD;n‡d/ rD;ul;um ppfum;ay: ypfwifonhftqifhodk@ a&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? ckcHa&;twGuf vufeuf wDxGifvmcJh=uaomfvnf; ,rf;bDvl;ukd toHk;cswwfzdk@a0;I jrifawmif rjrifbl;cJh? taocH+yD; vufvkyfa&eHAHk;ukd azmufcGJrnfh ol&Jaumif;ukd;OD;u &Sd+yD;om;? oufwifrsKd;ESihf rif;rif;wkd@u yGJOD;xGuf pGef@pm;wkdufckduf&ef wm0ef usa&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? vGefcJhonfh em&D tenf;i,ftwGi;f u vlxt k ºkH uGqef@usirf u _ kd vma&mufzEd ydS w f u dk cf u kd o f nfh ppfum;ay:od@k a&eHyv k if; AHk; ypfwifcJhpOf zufqpfwyfom;rsm;u jyefvnfypfcwfcJhjcif;jzpfonf? rif;rif;u opfyif. tum tuG,fjzihf vGwfoGm;onf? oufwifrsKd;rSm auG@0kdufa&Smifwdrf;ajy;/ +cHpnf;±dk; yef;yifòcHykwfuav; rsm;ukd a&Smifwdrf;ajy;/ +cHpnf;±dk; yef;yif+cHKykwfuav;rsm;ukd ckefausmfajy;aomfvnf; rvGwfawmh? ausmESihfwifyg;t=um; cg;wGif aoewfusnfqH xdrSefcJhjcif;jzpfonf? ÑÑÑ oufwifrsK;d rSm usaemfimS ;&rf;aexkid o f nft h rd Ef iS fh uyfvsuo f m;tdrw f iG f aexdik o f nf? olw@dk u om;trdoHk;a,muf? ratjzpfol a':vSa&$u rkqdk;r? q,fhESpfESpft&G,f orD;av;u rlvwef; ausmif;ol? oufwifrsKd;u touf 15 ESpf? òrdŒxJ&Sd yef;qdk;wef;ukefwkdufwGif ratESihftwl wef;pD+yD; ukefypPnf;0,f/ jyefa&mif;+yD; &&SdonfhaiGjzifh ae@pOf toufarG;cJh=ujcif;jzpfonf? ukefwdkufydwfcsdefwGif ratutdrfjyefonf? oufwifrsKd;u tdrfrjyefEkdifao;yJ nbufvlpnfum;&m AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; vrf; yvufazmif;ay:wGif pmtkyt f a[mif;a&mif;onf? 0wˆKa[mif;/ umwGe;f pmtkyaf [mif;/ Ekid if aH &; pmtkyf/ pmay,Ofaus;r_qdkif&m pmtkyftrsKd;rsKd;? jrLeDpyg,f *VKHtzGJ@u zrf;rdoGm;onhftcgwGif qHk;±H_;r_rsm;rSm }uD;rm;onf? xkdtcgykdI evHrxlEkdifatmif jzpfoGm;&jyefonf? w&m;±Hk;u csonfh aiG'%f/ *VKHawGu odr;f óuH;aumuf,o l mG ;onhf pmtkyf wefb;kd / qH;k ±_;H r_'%fu oufwifrsK;d .OD;acgi;f udk xdrSefavonf? 123

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

vGefcJhonfhESpfu &Spfwef;ausmif;om;b0wGif oufwifrsKd;ESifh &if;ESD;u|rf;0ifcGifh&cJhonf? ol. ausmif;pmtcuftcJrsm;ukd usaemfu &Sif;jyay;onf? oabmw&m;rsm;ukd xkwfE_wf jyoay; &onf? t*Fvdyfpm/ ocFsmbmom&yfomruawmh jrefrmpmESihf orkdif;bmom&yfudkyg aqG;aEG;ay;& onf? olausmif;qufrwufEkdifawmhyJ ausmif;xGufcJh&aomtcg tm;ri,fzdk@/ ausmif;ynmukd wu,f wwfcsifonfqdkv#if ausmif;rwufyJ qufavhvmoGm;vdk@&a=umif; tm;ay;cJhonfrSmvJ usaemfyJ jzpfonf? bGJ@vufrSwfu b0ukdtmrcHcsufray;bl;? bGJ@vufrSwfqdkwm rSefabmifxJ xnfh xm;zdk@avmufyJ toHk;usonf[k usaemfuajymjyonf? bGJ@&zdk@xuf pm;0wfaea&;twGuf ukd,fh ajcaxmufay: udk,f&yfwnfEkdifatmifóud;pm;zdk@/ pmzwfzdk@/ ynmqdkwm ausmif;rSmrSr[kwf/ tdrfrSm/ vrf;ay:rSm/ pm=unfhwdkufrSm/ b0xJrSm/ vl@avmu yvufazmif;ay:rSm avhvmqnf;yl; &,lEkdif a=umif; usaemfu tm;ay;onf? txl;ojzifh ,ae@qdkufa&mufaeaom EdkifiHa&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;b0ESihf rdom;pkb0awGukd qufpyfay;cJhonf? aemufawmh usaemfaexdkif&m tdrfcef;onf ol.pm=unhfwdkuf? ol.aysmfarG@&m &dyfom wckjzpfvmcJhonf? pm;tdrf/ aomuftdrf jzpfvmonf? usaemfh ukd,fykdifpm=unfhwdkufwGif ol@xHrS 0,f,ltm;ay;aom pmtkyfawGu rsm;vmonf? nDrav; ausmif;pm;&dwfr&Sdvdk@/ qefzdk;r&Sdvdk@/ tdrf vcay;zdk@ aiGvdkaevdk@ æ ponfjzifh usaemfxH ol@pmtkyfawG o,fvmcJhonf? q&mvkyfygtHk;/ q&m 0,fygtHk;/ tm;ay;ygtHk;[lI usaemfhxH tultnDawmif;cHvmcJhonf? usaemfu wwfpGrf;or# tvDvD tvmvm 0,f,lay;cJh&onf? wcgw&H pmayta=umif;/ EkdifiHa&;ta=umif; oleJ@usaemf aqG;aEG;aomtcg ol@xHrS 0,f,lcJhaom pmtkyfrsm;xJrS ta=umif;t&mrsm;ukd aumufukdifjyum aqG;aEG;onfhtcg ol@rSm òyH;&Gif=unhfvJhaeavonf? ol@xHrS 0,f,lcJhonhfpmtkyfu wefzdk;&Sdyguvm; [laom cHpm;csujf zihf awmufyaewwfonf? aemufawmh yvufazmif;ay:wGif pmtkyt f a&mif;orm; oufwifrsKd;onf pmzwf&rSmygvm;qdkwm odvmum zwf±_cJhonf? yxrwkef;u pmtkyfukd qefzdk;/ qDzdk;twGuf a&mif;ukefypPnf;tjzpfom oabmayguf em;vnfxm;onf r[kwfvm;? ole@J usaemf cifrif&if;csmcJah vonf? olw@kd ro d m;pk oH;k a,mufEiS fh aqGrsK;d ozG,jf zpfomG ;onf? tdrfx&H eH&HESihf +cHpnf;±dk; um&Hjcm;xm;aomfvnf;/ rkefwdkif;xefaom b0c&D;rsm;xJwGif vufwGJazmf vufwGJzufrsm;/ opPm&Sdaom rdwfaqGrsm; jzpfvmcJhonf? ÑÑÑ ta&;awmfyHkumvwGif oleJ@usaemf tcsdwftqufrrdbJ uGif;qufjywfoGm;cJh=uonf? oufwifrsKd;onf wcsKd@nrsm;Y tdrfukdjyefa&mufcJhyHkr&? usaemfvnf; wcsKd@nrsm;wGif rdwfaqG&Jabmf rsm;tdrfwGif tdrfrjyefEkdifyJ ydwfrdaewwfonf? q&mor*~/ ausmif;om;or*~ vkyfief;rsm;xJwGif epfaeojzifh oufwifrsK;d ESifh rawG@Eikd af wmh? usaemfu h dk oljrifvkd awG@vo kd nft h csed w f iG f olu ol&aJ umif; wOD; jzpfaecJhav+yD? aoewfusnfqH'%f&mjzihf usaemfhukd apmihfar#mfaecJhjcif;jzpfonf? “oufwif oufwif æ rif;awG@csiw f hJ q&mOD;atmifwifh a&mufvm+yD? c%pum;ajym+yD;&if [dkbuf&yfuGufu aq;cef;ukd oGm;uk=urSmjzpfw,f æ igajymwm =um;w,fr[kwfvm;oufwif” 124

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

rif;rif;u ol@&JabmfoufwifrsKd; rsufESmay:odk@iHk@um toHudktkyfIajymonf? oufwifrsKd; u tm;,l+yD; rsufvHk;zGifh=unfhonf? xdk@aemuf emusifaomtòyH;u E_wfcrf;axmifhwGif v_yfcwf oGm;onf? usaemfu ol@vufukd cyfwif;wif; qkyfxm;vdkufonf? “igwdk@tm;vHk; rif;ab;rSm&Sdae=u+yD/ c%=umvdk@ tqifoihfjzpf&if aq;cef;oGm;=urSm jzpfw,f æ q&m0efe@J awG@&awmhrmS jzpfw,f æ rif;'%f&m[m tjrefq;kH aysmufuif;oGm&r,fumG æ vlxkwdkufyGJawGxJrSm rif;jyef+yD; yg0ifvm&r,f æ 'gyJuGm ” usaemfu pdwfukdxdef;xm;um ajym&onf? &ifqdk@ae+yD? pdwfu ylxlxdyfjymoGm;onf? ol@ukd=unfhvdkuf jrifvdkufonfESifh tajctaeraumif;rSef; usaemfodvdkuf+yD? ol@cE<mukd,fxJrS aoG; awGu tb,fr# oGefxGuf pD;qif;aecJhonfukd cef@rSef;I&onf? a&m*gydk;u '%f&mrSwqifh udk,fcE<m wGi;f od@k 0ifaecJah v+yD? usaemfu ol@rsuEf mS ay:iH@k uyfcg tm;wif;ay;onf? rif;uol&aJ umif;yJ/ pdwu f dk av#mhrypfvdkufeJ@ quf+yD;tm;wif;xm;uGm æ [k xyfIajymonf? “q&m æ usaemfph w d u f rm+yD;om;yJq&m? tqd;k qH;k ukd óudwifwu G x f m;+yD;om;yg? wGu+f yD;rS toufay;&wJhtvkyfudk vkyfwmyg q&m” ol@toHrSm wdk;oJhaeav+yD? ol@pdwfu rma=umoefrmaomfvnf; tm;wif;oefpGrf;aom pdwfudk toHu vkdufI rrSDawmhygvm;? “'%f&mu pum;ajym&if ykd+yD;emaevdrfhr,f æ pum;rajymygeJ@uGm” “'%f&mu emwmr[kwb f ;l q&m? pdwx f u J emoGm;wm æ &efou l dk usaemfw@kd ckcw H u dk cf u kd f wm raorjcm jzpfoGm;awmh æ usqHk;oGm;&wJh usaemfholi,fcsif;awGtwGuf/ ausmif;om;awG/ vlxkawGtwGuf æ towfcHcJh&wJh vlxkawGtwGuf usaemfbmrS xdxda&mufa&muf jyefrwdkuf EkdifcJhbl;? tJ'gukdyJ pdwfxJrSmemoGm;wm æ emusnf;aewm” aoG;±l;aoG;wef;jzpfum ta,mifa,miftrSm;rSm;jzifh ajymaewmr[kwrf eS ;f usaemf odvu kd f +yD? usaemfeh m;ukyd if r,HEk idk af vmufatmif tH=h ooGm;onf? arS;pif;aeaom rsuv f ;kH awGu ol@cpH m;r_ukd rjyoEkdifawmh? pum;vHk;awGuom jyoaeonf? wdwfqdwfr_u tyfusoHukdyif =um;Ekdifonf? olbmxyfajymrvJ 0kdif;tHk em;axmifae=uonf? “olaoao uk, d af oaowku d =f uwmyJ q&m? 'gwu kd yf yJG ?J tckawmh æ olurao? vlowf orm;urao/ ckcHoluao? ukd,fao&r,fqdkwm jzpfoGm;w,f? 'DtwGuf pdwfraumif;jzpfrdw,f? aoewfusnfrSefawmh usaemfemw,fxifovm;q&m æ jrufceJ cHpm;vdkufcJh&w,f? 'DavmufygyJ? &if0ukdxdrSefvJ emjzpfrSmr[kwfbl;? usnfqefukd ra=umufbl;q&m? vlawGukd owfjzwfaewJh vlowfaumifawGudk jyef+yD;ckcw H u kd cf u kd &f r,fv@kd pdwu f dk ykid ;f jzwf+yD;uwnf;u usaemfrh mS a=umufpw d f r&Sad wmhwmæ usnq f u H v dk nf; ra=umufb;l qdw k m tJ'ga=umifyh ?J xdxad &mufa&muf jyefcck zH @kd usaemfh oli,fcsif; rif;rif;wkd@ukd ajymcJhcsifw,f æ” ol odyfarmoGm;yHk&onf? pum;ukd&yfvdkufonf? arS;pif;rsufvHk;tpHkudk ydwf+yD; ol@cE<m ukd,fukd wcsufvGef@vl;vdkufonf? a=umufpdwf r&Sdawmhonfhtcg usnfqHukd ra=umufbl;qdkonfh pum;vHk;rSm &ifwGif;odk@a&mufoGm;? pum;vHk;rsm;rSm toHrsm;jzpfoGm;um yJhwifxyfvsuf &ifxJwGif jrnfaºuG;avonf? 125

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“'DtjzpftysufawGukd oifcef;pm,l+yD; wpfuae jyefpcsifw,f? tarhukdajymjyay;yg? om; twGuf ridyk ge@J ? ridyk J *k%, f v l u kd pf rf;ygv@kd ajymjyay;yg? nDrav;a& æ tuk@d udk em;vnfay;ygaemf æ” aemufq;kH pum;vH;k rsm;rSm oHawG oHcaJ wGrsm; uyfw, G f ygvmcJah vovm;rod? pum;vH;k rsm;rSm tvGeftrif; a00g;av;vHoGm;av+yD? tarmqdkufvmcJhonf? rsufvHk;rsufcGHudk jyefzGifhzdk@yif tm;r&Sdawmh? pum;rajymeJ@awmhuGm[k usaemfajymaeqJwGif ol@vufacsmif; at;pufpufrsm;ukd qkyfxm;qJyif jzpfonf? wa,mufu b,fvdkvkyf=urvJ/ aq;ukzdk@ pDpOfxm;=uovm;[k toHukdESdrfhI tkyfI ar;onf? ar;ol.toHrmS wke, f ifaeavonf? wa,mufu uokwu f &ufjzifh wk@H jyef ajymqdo k nf? “usaemfwdk@vnf; q&m0efvdkuf&Sm/ um;vdkuf&SmeJ@ =umoGm;w,fAs? 'D=um;xJrSm tarSmif xJrmS rS v_y&f mS ;vd@k aumif;rSmqdak wmh jrefjrefarSmifygap qkawmif;aewm? ckawmh tm;vH;k tqifajy+yD? usaemfwdk@ um;pDpOfxm;wm vrf;xdyfrSm um;a&mufae+yD toifhyJ æ aq;cef;u acsmifusawmh ykdaumif;w,f? q&m0efuvnf; vHkòcHa&; wm0ef,lxm;ay;yg? olaq;ukay;r,fwJh? oufwifu ol@q&mukd pum;ajymaevdk@ usaemfwdk@ c%apmifhaewm ” olwkd@u oydwfwyfom;awGjzpfonf? &yfuGuf oydwfaumfrwD0ifawGvnf; jzpfonf? wcsKd@u &yfuGufukdtvSnfhus umuG,fapmihf=unhfae=uonfh umuG,fa&;wyfom;awG? ta&; awmfyHkumvwGif &yfuGufrD;±_d@r_/ owfjzwfvk,ufr_/ ppftkyfpku axmifawGukd zGihfay;vkdufojzihf &mZ0wf tusOf;om;wcsKd@. vk,uf&rf;um;r_wdk@ukd &yfuGufwdkif; pkaygif;umuG,f=uonf? udk,fykdif vlxktm%mjzifh ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyf=u&onf? xdkumuG,fa&; wyfom;rsm;onf oufwifrsKd;twGuf v#Kd@0Sufpcef; csxm;onhftdrfodk@ apmapmuwnf;u a&mufvmcJh=ujcif;jzpfonf? oufwifrsKd;ukd o,f,loGm;&ef vli,fESpfOD;u ayG@csDvdkufpOf æ [if oufwifrsKd;qHk;+yD? ol@rmS toufr&Sad wmhb;l [k vSr;f ajymvdu k o f nf? usaemf awG;xifxm;onht f wkid ;f olusq;kH cJah v+yD? vlwcsKd@rSm usaemfhuJhodk@yif wkefv_yfoGm;onf? t±kyfóud;jywf jzpfoGm;onf? wufacguf=u? oufjyif; cs=u? a':vSa&$u usrridkbl;/ ridkawmhygbl;? om;u tarrikd&bl;vdk@ ajymcJhw,fr[kwfvm;? om; auseyfatmif usrridkbl;[kajym&if; olr&iftHkukd olrukd,fwdkif vufjzifhzdum ±_dufidkaeavonf? om;a& æ om;}uD;a& tar&ifusKd;yg+yDom;&,f æ tar&ifusKd;&+yDuG,fh om;&JŒ? “q&m usaemfwdk@ ol&Jaumif;&Jabmfukd b,fvdko+*õK[f=urvJ/ b,fvdkpDpOf=u&if aumif; rvJ æ ajymygq&m” usaemfESifh odu|rf;cifrifolvnf;ygonf? oufwifrsKd;ukd toufvkzdk@óud;pm;=u&if; oydwf wyfom;opfawG tcsif;csif; cifrifoGm;=uonf? tjyeftvSef tm;ukd;,Hk=unfpdwfjzihf av;euf oGm;=uonf? usaemfpdwful;xm;onfh usaemfh pdwful;ukdajymjyonf? tajctaeESihf tcsdeftcgt& xdkokd@ pDpOf&a=umif; &Sif;jy&onf? òrdŒe,faumifpD±Hk;teD;&Sd yef;+cHysuf opfawmtkyf uav;xJwGif ol@ukd jr‡KyfESH&rnf[k usaemfu&Sif;jyonf? ÑÑÑ 126

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

3 wacwfvHk; u|JEGm;pm;usufjzpfaecJhonfh jynfol@yef;+cHtrnfcH jruf±dkif;awmxaeaom yef;+cHysuf? ykysyfysyf ysOf;ryifrsm;ESifh &Snfarsmarsm ,luvpfyifrsm;u usKd;wdk;usJwJ opfawmtkyf jzpfaeonf? aumifpD±Hk;ajruGufeJ@ uyfvsufom;? cyfvSrf;vSrf;wGif ykvdyf±Hk;&Sdonf? òrdŒe,f aumifpD ±Hk;ukd vlxku rD;±_d@jymcscJhojzifh jymyHkyJusefcJhonf? rD;u|rf;tkwfcHkjrifhom usefcJhonf? xdk@a=umihf Ta'oukd &efol@wyfu vma&muf vufpm;acsr_ef;aecJhjcif; jzpfonf? psmyeaumfrwDukd csufcsif;zGJ@pnf;vdkuf=uonf? tzGJ@av;zGJ@? wzGJ@u ajrusif;eufeuf wl;&ef? wzGJ@u ajrusif;wl;onhf ae&mwGif vHkòcHr_&,l&ef vHkòcHa&;tzGJ@? wzGJ@utavmif;ukd o,fxrf; vmcJh&ef? (b,fvrf;ukd0if/ b,fvrf;udkausmf/ b,fvrf;ukd azgufxGuf&rnf[k pDpOfxm;onhftwdkif; ol&aJ umif;tavmif;ukd o,fxrf;vmcJ&h ef)? wzG@J u qufo, G af &; wm0efu, dk &l onf? ESpef m&DtwGi;f +yD;pD;atmif v_yf&Sm;aqmif&Guf=urnf? n 10 em&DwGif +yD;pD;rnf[k pkaygif; tpDtpOf csvdkuf=uonf? xdk@jyif opPmuwdðy=ujyefonf? ol&Jaumif;ukd o+*õK[fjr‡KyfESHaepOf &efolua&muf&Sdvm+yD; [ef@wm;aESmuf,u S f wdu k cf u kd v f mygu wke@f jyefwu kd cf u kd &f if; ol&aJ umif;psm;yeukd +yD;pD;atmif usi;f y oGm;rnf[k uwdðyvdkuf=uonf? usaemfu ajrusi;f wl;onft h zG@J EiS hf vHòk cHa&;tzG@J udk wm0efcx H m;&+yD; usaemfu, kd w f ikd f ul+yD; ajrusif;wl;aecJhonf? Tae&m ajruGufawmtkyfonf ocsõKif;r[kwf? odk@aomf bmrSrwwfEkdif? ol&Jaumif;wOD;. trSwfw& ordkif;rSwfwdkiftjzpf ajymif;vJypfvdk=uonf? ajrusif;wl;&if; òrdŒpGef wae&mrS aoewfoHrsm;ukd =um;ae&onf? nwdkufyGJjzpfae+yD? xdkaoewfoHrsm;atmufwGif ol&aJ umif;awG b,fEpS af ,muf toufpeG @f omG ;=urvJ? ol&aJ umif;wd@k .nonf tarSmifxk aoewf oHatmufwGif tusnf;wefvGef;aeum awmufy&ifaumh aeavawmhonf? xdw k u dk yf o JG o H nf tvSr;f a0;uGmvSonfr[kw?f xdw k u kd yf o JG nf usaemfw@kd xo H @kd a&mufvm cJhavrvm;? ppfum;awG a&mufvmEkdifonf? tcsdefra&G; wdkufyGJjzpfEkdifonf? vHkòcHa&;tzGJ@rS vlESpf a,mufu usaemfwdk@ ajrusif;wl;onfhtzGJ@odk@ tajy;a&mufvmcJhum usaemfwdk@&Sd&modk@ ppfum;awG OD;wnf armif;vmaeyHk&onf[k owif;vmykd@onf? “wu,fvdk@ ppfum;awGa&mufvm+yD; usaemfwdk@ukd &SmawG@oGm;+yDqdk&ifawmh tavmif; vk&rSmyJ æ usaemfwdk@bufu usaemfwdk@ol&Jaumif;ukd usaemfwdk@ukd,fwdkif o+*õK[fE_wfqufr,f æ &efo@l vufxJ ygroGm;ap&bl;? &efo@l ppfum; a&mufvm&if yxrqH;k usaemfw@kd vyk &f rSu tavmif; eJ@twl òcHykwfawGxJrSm 0ifa&muf cdkatmif;ae=u&r,f? um;vrf;reJ@ odyfreD;odyfra0;wJh arSmif&dyf xJrSm usaemfwdk@ a&mufae=uwJhtwGuf aq;vdyfraomufygeJ@ æ rD;jcpf rjcpfygeJ@“ owif;vmydk@aom oydwfwyfom;ESpfOD;ukd owif;yg;vdkufonf? usaemf &ifckefvd_ufarm ouJo h @dk tm;vH;k oydww f yfom;awGvnf; v_u d af rmylyefc=hJ uonf? &efo@l um;oHrsm;rSm wjznf;jznf; eD;uyfvmcJhonf? raumif;qdk;0g;awG atmf[pf ajy;vmcJhonhf toHrsm;tjzpf pufqkwf&if; &ifckef ae=uonf? ÑÑÑ 127

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

4 nudk;em&DcGJvkeD;eD;wGif oufwifrsKd;. tavmif;ukd xrf;o,fvmcJh=uonf? ,luvpfESifh ysOf;ryif awmtkyfuav;. arSmif&dyfukd tumtuG,f ,lxm;=u+yD;jzpfonf? bkef;}uD;oHk;yg;ukd yifhvmcJhojzifh usaemfhrSm tHh=ocsD;r$rf;aerdonf? ajru &$HŒAGufrsm;jzifh at;pufpdkpGwfaeonf? yef;+cHxJ u acsmifusus ukef;jrifhjrifhwae&mukd a&G;cs,f+yD; ajrusif;wl;xm;+yD; jzpfonf? &$HŒAGufEGHawmawGukd jzwfum tavmif;ukd olwdk@o,fvmcJh=ujcif; jzpfonf? acgif;wvm; vkyfaecsdef/ 0,f,lcsdefr&awmh? tavmif;ukd zsmjzifhvdyfywfum xrf;vmcJh=ujcif;jzpfonf? bkef;}uD;oHk;yg;u o&%*Hkwif+yD;onfESihf ol&Jaumif; oufwifrsKd;ukd ajrusif;wGif csvdkuf =uonf? tm;vHk;u oabmwlawmif;qdkcJhojzihf usaemf pum;ajymcGifh&onf? tav;ðy&ef pDpOfcGifh &cJhonf? oydwfwyfom;rsm;ukd,fpm;/ vlxk&JŒukd,fpm; o0%fv$mzwfonhfoabm/ ur`nf;xdk; rSwfwrf;wifonfh oabmyifjzpfonf? “'Drdkua&pDwdkufyGJtwGif;rSm usqHk;oGm;aomjynfolrsm;/ toufay;oGm;=uaom ol&Jaumif;rsm;ESihfwuG ol&Jaumif; oufwifrsKd;ukd tav;ðy” usaemfhtoHrSm v_dufqdk@aeonf[k xifonf? acgif;rS qHyifzsm;rSm "gwfvdkufcH&ouJhodk@ axmifxaeonf[k cHpm;&onf? 0rf;enf;a=uuGJjcif; oufoufr[kwfawmh? cHjyif;wufºuGpdwfu usaemfhwudk,fvkH;ukd awmifhºuGrma=um vmapcJhonf? “avoHeJ@ &ifxJuvdkufqdkaygh æ oifh&JŒwdkufyGJ æ igwdk@&JŒ r+yD;qHk;ao;wJhwdkufyGJudk igwdk@ qufvufqifE$Jyghr,f æ 'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfyHk rkcsatmifyGJcH&rSmjzpfw,f æigwdk@ qufwkduf oGm;yghr,f” twGv J u kd f ypfvu kd af om aoewfou H tarSmifxu k x dk ;kd cGu J m yJw h if[ed ;f oGm;? odyrf a0;vS? oHk;av;zmvHkr#yif a0;rnfrxif? &efol. um;oHu eD;vm+yD? vl&dyf rnf;rnf;jrif&mukd vSrf;ypf aeyHk&onf? 'D&ufxJwGif tpmiwfcH qENjyyGJrsm;ukd acgif;raxmifEkdifatmif acsr_ef;xm;cJh+yD;jzpfonf r[kwfvm;? ol&Jaumif;psmyeukd tav;teuf oò*õ[fae=uaom oydwfwyfom;rsm;u aoewf oH=um;onfEiS fh tvdt k av#muf ajrjyifay:wGif xdik cf svu kd +f yD;om; jzpfaecJo h nf? ol&aJ umif; oufwif rsKd;ukd usaemfu qufvuf rSwfwrf;wif usL;&ifhajym=um;aomtcg vlwdkif;rwfwyf&yfum +idrfouf tav;ðy=ujyefonf? “tm%m&SifpepfeJ@ zufqpfppftkyfpkukd vlxkeJ@twl oufwifrsKd;[m awmfvSefcJhwJh xufjrufwJh vli,fwOD;jzpfw,f æ toif[m ukd,fusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf vkyf&if;udkif&if; aooGm;cJhwm r[kwb f ;l æ tckvt kd oufay;+yD; awmfveS cf w hJ o hJ ifu h kd igw@kd *k%, f al erSmjzpfw,f æ aoewfra=umuf æ usnfqHra=umufwJh acwf&JŒwm0efukd ausyGefpGmxrf;aqmifcJhwJh oifh&JŒpdwf"gwf[m b,fawmhrS raoqHk;EdkifwJh tmZmenf ol&Jaumif;pdwf"gwfjzpfw,fæ a[m'D wnf+idrf&ifhusufwJh r[myHokukd igwdk@ oufaoðyvdkufygw,f? oifh&JŒpdwf"gwfukd igwdk@&ifxJ ESvHk;aoG;a=umawGxJrSm xnfhxm;yghr,f æ OD;n$wfpdkufxl xm;vdkufyghr,f æ” *k%fðyajym=um;t+yD; rif;rif;u oli,fcsif; cspf&Jabmfukd E_wfquf*k%fðyonf? 128

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

“oufwifa& æ igyJa[h æ rif;twGuf*k%f,lw,f? aorif;usnfqHu ighrrSefcJhwm[m &efolaorif;ukd igqufvuf wdkufyGJ0ifzdk@ xm;cJhwmjzpfw,f æ rif;twGuf æ jynfolawGtwGuf toufay;+yD qufvuf wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;rSmyg æ rif;[m igh&JŒvrf;jyol&Jaumif;qdkwmudk igh&ifxJrSm odrf;xm;yghr,f æ rif;usqHk;oGm;awmh igh&ifawG uGJausoGm;w,fuGm æ 'DaumifawGukd wouf rausbl; urBmrausbl;uG” rif;rif;ukd usaemf qGJayG@xm;vdkuf&onf? ol@*k%fðyajym=um;oHonf qdk@I v_dufvSJum aygufuGJvmcJhonf? rkefwdkif; twkdufcH&onfh opfyifjrifhjrifhwyifES,f ol@&ifonf oGufoGufcgatmif ,drf;xkd; v_yfcyfae+yDjzpfa=umif; usaemfowdðyvdkufrdonf? ol@ykcHk;xufodk@ usaemfhvufu usa&muf oGm;um wif;wif;&pf&pf zufxm;vdkufrdonf? “om;}uD;a& rEkd;aomtdyfcsif;eJ@ tdyfayawmhuG,f æ om;u tarhukd ol&Jaumif;&JŒ tar jzpfatmif vkycf w hJ maygah emf æ vl,w k rf m&JŒ tarr[kww f t hJ wGuf tarhb0rSm rsuEf mS yef; vSaerSmyg æ rsufESmyef;rvS&ifvJ aeygap æ tarhom;ukdyJ tarjyef&csifw,f æ 'Daorif;awG raumif;qdk;0g; aumifawGu vlawGukd ypfcwfowfjzwf 'kuQay;aevdk@ igwdk@om;trdawG vrf;cGJ&+yDuGJ@æ om;}uD;&JŒ æ ESajrmvdkufygbdom;&,f” oydwfwyfom;rsm;u rcsdwifuJ usdwfidkaeaom a':vSa&$wkd@ om;trdukd wGJac:vmcJh=u onf? arSmif&dyfcdkum wokwf+yD;wokwf uokwfu&uf xGufcGmvmcJh=uonf? usaemfeJ@ aemufqHk; usefcJhwJhvlxkonf vrf;r}uD;ukd jzwful;=uonf? aoewfoHrsm;u ta0;rS/ teD;qHk;ae&mrS ay:xGuf vmaeqJ? ol&Jaumif; =u,fyGifhawGrSm onfvdknrsKd;wGif aºuGwwfonf? aºuGEkdifonf? ol&Jaumif; oufwifrsKd;ukd tarSmifnu rSwfwrf;wifcJhav+yD? nudk,fwkdif idkaºuG;vdkufum rsuf&nfpuftjzpf =u,fwyGifhukd r[myHokajrv$may:odk@ a¹cGcsvdkufavonf? ppfum;wpD;onf armif;vmcJh&mrS oufwifrsKd;ukdjr‡KyfESHcJh&m tmZmenf ol&Jaumif; Adrmef ajruGufwnfhwnfh ae&ma&mufonfESifh um;ukd t&Sdefav#mhcsvdkufonf? aoewfoHrsm; ay:xGuf vmonf? “apmapmu 'DrSmvl&dyfawG@w,f æ ypf æ ypfprf;”[k trdef@ay;vdkufonfhaemuf aoewfoHrsm; w&pyf ay:xGufvmcJhonf?

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'DZifbm - 9 / 2007 opPmtrSwf (16)/ azazmf0g&D/ 2008

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wapä tdyfruf 1 usaemfonf ESif;xkxJwGif ajy;aecJh&onf? ajrom;/ ajrv$mwckvHk;ukd ESif;xku zHk;v$rf; odrf;ykdufxm;onf? wnvHk; r_dyGifh ESif;v$mawG tqufrjywf usqif;vmcJhojzifh ajray:wifaeaom ESif;xkrSm q,fvufrcef@ &Sdaeayvdrfhrnf? xdkESif;xkxJwGif usaemf ajy;vdkufvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? orD; av;ukd awG@rS awG@&ygawmhrvm;? vGo J mG ;+yDvm;? ol@oil ,fcsi;f awGe@J rS awG@ygrh vm;? xkyd al vmifaom aomua=umifh pdwfaZmt[kefonf }uD;rm;vmcJhum t&mcyfodrf;wkd@onf usaemhf aemufausm bufwGif usef&pfcJhonf? tdrf+cHwckESihf um;vrf;ukdausmfvmcJhonf? orD;ukdrawG@&ao;? ykdI vd_ufzdk armyef;vmonf? ylavmifoGm;onf? okn'D*&Datmuf a&muf&Sdaeaom a&cJtrSwf tat;"mwfu usaemfhukd odrf;ydkufaeaomfvnf; odrf;ykdufrdzdk@aeaeomom xdka&cJtrSwfonf usaemhftyla=umifh wHv#yftcdk;taiG@rsm; jzpfukef=uonf [kxifonf? tdrfuxGufvmcgeD; óuH&mtaEG;xnfwxnf aumufumiifum0wfum ±SL;bdeyfw&Hukd aumufpGyfvmcJhojzifh acgif;pGyfOD;xkyfygrvmcJh? vuftdyf rsm;pGyfrvmcJh&? a&cJESif;jyif}uD;ukd jzwfav#muf&if; orD;ukd&SmcJhonf? yef;+cHtpyf&Sd opfyif}uD; oHk;av;yifukd ausmfvGefvkdufonfESifh jrifuGif;onf &Sif;ueJ jzpfoGm;onf? [JvfrD(u,f=uygtHk;)qdkaomtoHu usaemfhcE<mukd,fwckvHk;ukd odrfhodrfhcgatmif wkev f y_ f ypfvu dk o f nf? usicf eJ cHpm;vdu k jf cif;ESit hf wl usaemhf ajcaxmuftpHo k nf a&SŒod@k vSr;f rxGuf EkdifyJ wkH@&yfoGm;onf? “ orD;av; æ azazvm+yD æ azazvm+yD ” “azaz orD;wdk@ukdu,fygtHk; æ orD;wdk@ukdu,fyg” “ a[@aumifawG æ cav;ESpfa,mufukd v$wfvdkufyg æ v$wfyg ” ESif;xk}uD;xJuae usaemfckefxGufvkdufonf? ajrjyifay: av#mufvSrf;&ouJhodk@ r[kwf? a&xJ ajy;&ouJhodk@ wkH@qdkif;aeonf? ESif;r_HxJwGif cyf0g;0g; awG@ae&aom orD;av;xHodk@ usaemf@ ajcvSrf;rsm;ukd qef@xkwf ±kef;qGJaerdonf? vlqdk;u ESpfa,muf? orD;ESihf orD;oli,fcsif;ukd odrf;ayG@ zrf;csKyfxm;onf? orD;oli,fcsif;awGxJu b,foljzpfrvJ? tjriftm±HkxJwGif r&Sif;vif;ao;? orD; uav;rSm toufq,fhESpfESpfom &Sdao;onf? tysKdaygufb0ukdyif r&&Sdao;? t&yfu &Snfarsmarsm jzpfaeonfuvGJI tysKdaygufp vuQ%m&yfrsm; orD;av;wGifr&Sd? bmrSr&Sd? cav;wa,muf cav;t&G,fom jzpfonf? “ a&SŒrwd;k cJeh @J æ &yfae æ igu h snq f efu rif;&JŒ cE<muk, d x f J azmuf0ifz@dk toifjh zpfae+yD;om; æ rif;a&SŒwvSr;f wd;k vku d w f meJ@ rif;&ifbwfxu J dk usnq f u H a&mufomG ;r,fqw kd m igv h al &,Hak yawmh ” touftE W&m,f usa&mufawmhrnfqdkonfh todw&m;u usaemfhajcvSrf;awGukd &yfwef@ apcJhonf? vlqdk;ESpfa,mufu t&yfjrifhjrifh/ Av aumif;aumif;? wa,mufu tjzL? wa,mufu trJ? toufu oHk;q,f0ef;usifyJ &Sdvdrfhrnf? olwdk@um;qDodk@ orD;wdk@ukd t"rRayG@csKyf+yD; ac:oGm; 130

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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armifpdk;csdef

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aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ys,v f iG o hf mG ;awmhonf? r,fawmfo@kd omG ;&ef toifjh zpfaeaom bwfpu f m;ay:odk@ uokwfu&uf wuf vdkufonf? rGef;wdrf;p rJaqmufaps;odrf;csdef/ jr0wDwbufurf;odk@ jyef=urnfh Armaps;onfrsm;/ aps;0,frsm;ESihf um;ay:rSmqHk=uonf? ukd,fhtawG;ESihfudk,f um;pD;cJhonf? trdk;/ trdk;&JŒa,mufsm;/ trdk;&JŒuav;awGæ aiGòrdif æ p=umrSefajymif;vSnfhovdk tawG;tdrfxJwGif ±kyfyHkawGu csmvnf vSnfhywf ay:vmaeonf? r,fawmf bkef;}uD;ausmif;a&SŒa&mufawmh bwfpfum;u tawmf=um=um&yfonf? qif; rnfh c&D;onfuvnf; rsm;onf? usaemfw;kd a0S@+yD; um;ay:rS qif;vmum r,fawmf&mG xJo@kd ajreDvrf; uav;twdkif; av#mufvmcJhonf? o&ufyifwef;/ tkef;yifwef;/ ozef;yifwdk@ESifh nd‡K@r_dif; tHk;qdkif; aewwfonfh vrf;uav;? acsmif;tul; opfom;wHwm;tvGefwGif opf&dyfr&Sdawmh? aeylyl vGifwD; acgif wHv#yftaiG@xJ jzwf&onf? tawG;xJwGif trdk;wdk@rdom;pkukd zswfueJ owd&vmjyefonf? xdktawG;ukd aemufxyf rdom;pk ±kyfyHkwcku zHk;v$rf;oGm;jyefonf? xdkrdom;pkum; ArmjynfwGif usef&pfcJhonfh usaemfhrdom;pk? wcgw&H pdwfnpfavmufatmifyif rdom;pkukd vGrf;aerdwwfonf? owd&wrf;wwdkif; pdwfwGif avmifu|rf;onf? wcgwcg a=uuGJr_rsm;u &ifodk@ qdk@eifhaponf? csKyfwD; arhazsmufxm;cJhaomfvnf; ,ckvdk wdkufqdkifr_awG &Sdvmonfhtcg cHpm;r_u tES,fjyefxvmonf? awmcdk olykefvkyfzdk@twGuf awmfvSefa&;a'oodk@ xGufrvmrD&ufu oDoDu usaemfhukd ajymonf? “&SifhorD; tysKdjzpfae+yDæ &Sifowdxm;ayawmh ”? oDoD ajymonfukd jyefvnf=um;a,mif vmonf? orD;}uD; oD&pd ;kd ,ckqkd tysK}d uD; jzpfae+yDvm;? usaemfh cspaf rwWm&ifaiG@wiG f cdv k cH_ &hJ onfo h rD;/ usaemfh&ifcGifxJwGif }uD;jyif;cJh&onfhorD;? orD;}uD;u cHpm;em;vnfwwfonfh t&G,f? xdkt&G,frSmyJ olw@kd udk usaemfxm;&pfc&hJ onf? orD;}uD; zatukd vGr;f aqG;wdik ;f b,favmuf idak ºuG;wrf;wvdu k af v rvJ? usaemfh tawG;xJwGif orD;}uD;yHk&dyfukd jyefawG@&awmh pdwfxJwGif xdcdkuf a=uuGJrdawmhonf? orD;ausmif;rS jyefvmwdkif; usaemfhukd orD;u &$ef;&$ef;aemufaemuf toHjzifhac:wwfonf? “az}uD; æ az}uD;a&Œæ ” xdkodk@yif orD;u ac:wwfonf? ,ck =um;a,mifaeaom toHrSm &,f&$ef;aemufajymif onfh toHr[kwfawmh? usaemfhukd orD;}uD; ac:aeonfhtoHrSm idk±_duf ac:iifaeonfhtoH? reD;ra0; ae&mwck æ rS [pfac: ajy;vdkufvmaeaom toHjzpfaeonf? “azaz æ azaza& æ &yfaetHk; æ orD; vdkufvmaew,fav æ orD;ac:wmvnf; r=um;bl;vm; rodbl; æ az}uD;a& æ ” “ [,f æ orD;vdkufvmw,f æ orD;vdkufvmw,faemf æ ” aoG;a=umawG &yfwef@oGm;/ ESvHk;ckefoHawG w'def;'def; jrnf[def;aeonfukdyif owdrxm; Ekid af wmh? tH=h ojcif; +yD;awmh/ th=H ojcif;ESifh pdwaf jcmufjcm;r_? tjriftm±Hw k @kd onf jyma0r_erf id_ ;f oGm;onf? wma0; tajy;orm;wOD;. yef;0ifonfhtwdkif;yif usaemhfteD;tyg;txd orD;u t[kef jzifh ajy;0ifvmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? tl,m;zm;,m;? armqdk@vd_ufzdkae+yD; æ “[if æ azaz vnf;r[kwfygvm; ” “ orD; ” 144

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

opP m ysm;&nf p uf a wG æ òrdifhudkjyefawG@&onfESifh &ifxJwGif aEG;odrfh v_yfcwfoGm;onf? òrdifu ausmufovif; avSum;xpftpGe;f wGif xdik &f if; wv_u d v f u d_ òf yH;aeonf? opfwykd if}uD;atmufudk a&mufaeonfh ol@udk ai;=unf&h ,fòyH;&if; pum;awG vSr;f ajymaepOf wc%rSmyif tajy;w0ufEiS hf a&mufvmum opfwo kd ;D awGukd tvkt,uf aumufaeawmhonf? òrid u f opfwo dk ;D aumufvu kd /f opfwo kd ;D awG pm;&awmhr,f atmfvdkufESifh uav;wa,mufvdk jrL;&$ifaeonf? zm;vsm;wGJcdkaeonfh òrdifhqHr#ifawGukd avu wdk;zG jrL;vGifhypfaeonf? onfwHk;u òrdifhukdvSrf;=unfh&if; pdwfnGwfEl;aysmf&GifcJhonf? armifa& æ vm/ opfwdkoD;awG trsm;}uD;&+yD? oGm;pdk@[kqdkum ol@xHa&mufvmonf? ol@ nmvufarmif;ukd òrdifu wif;wif;wG,fzuf&if; ajy;w0ufESifh ESpfa,mufom; ausmufavSum;xpfodk@ a&mufvmcJh=uonf? ESpfa,muf=um;wGif opfwdkoD;awGukd yHkvdkuf+yD; òrdifu wvHk;+yD;wvHk; tcGHcGmonf? òrdifu tJ'D opfwdkoD;ukd odyfóudufwmyJarmif&JŒ æ ajymvdkuf pm;vdkuf/ ol@ukdvnf; au|;vdkuf/ opfwdkoD; tr$mawGudk cG@H au|;aewJòh rdiu hf dk rsuaf wmifrcwfyJ =unfah eawmh òrdiu f yl;uyfw;kd 0ifvm+yD; rsuEf mS csi;f qdkifvdkufonf? òrdifhE_wfcrf;zsm;u opfwdkoD;ukd E_wfcrf;csif; awhquf,lvdkufpOfrSmyJ òrdifhvufawGu ol@vnfwdkifukd EG,fr#ifvdk &pfywfxm;onf? pGJ&pfapwJh terf;yGifhawG òrdifhukd,foif;&eH@awGutp ,ckwc%rSmyJ pdwrf mS jyefvnf owd&vmonf? òrdi&hf ŒJ woJo h hJ wEG@J E@JG &,foaH wGudk jyef=um;&onf? wud, k v f ;kH v_yv f @kd / a&$Œvd@k r&avmufatmif usipf ufxu kH u dk rf a_ wGudk qGwyf sŒH r_awGu z,f&mS ;ypfvu kd f ovdkyJ? pdr;f nKd@a0aeonfh uef@aumfyifwef;atmufrmS qHr#izf m;vsm;cs/ uef@aumfuikd ;f awGukd wGe;f z,f&if; twloGm;vmcJhpOfu òrdifhyHk&dyfaw/G tif;vsm;uefapmif; o&ufyiftdk}uD;atmufrSmxkdif&if; ycH;k ay:rSm EG@J rx DS m;wJh òrdiyhf &kH yd af wGu pdwt f wGi;f rSm wzswzf swf ay:vmaeonf? zwfcb hJ ;l onhf pmtkyf awGxu J uAsmawG/ 0wˆKawG/ ordik ;f tjzpftysuaf wG/ Ekid if aH &; acgi;f aqmifawG&ŒJ twˆKy`wdW ta=umif; awGukd aqG;aEG;jzpf=uonf? ol&Jaumif; *sL;vd,uf zl;cspfeJ@ ik,ifAefx±GdKif;ta=umif; ajym=uawmh òrdifu odyfpdwf0ifpm;onf? r=umc% zl;cspfta=umif; ajymjyckdif;wmawG/ +idrfouf em;axmifaeonfh ±kyfyHkawGukd jyefawG@&awmh pdwfrSmaEG;vmonf? òrdifu ordkif;t"du 'kwd,ESpfausmif;ol? ausmif;raeEkdifonfh &yfuGufxJrS uav;awGukd tcrJh pmoifay;onfh q&mr òrdi?f xdu k av;awG. b0ukd emusiaf erdonfh q&mròrdiu f dk tcspaf wGEiS hf av;pm;cJhonf r[kwfvm;? q,fwef;rSm olususefcJhawmh òrdifu yxrESpf wuUodkvfausmif;ol jzpfae+yD? nDav;/ nDrav;eJ@ rdom;pktwGuf ausmif;qufrwufbJ qifrvdu k f txyfom;puf±rkH mS tvky0f ifvyk o f nf? tvkyform;b0xJrSm b0udk jr‡Kyfxm;wmukd òrdifu bmrSrajymvdkayr,fh/ pmar;yGJawG qufrajz wmukdawmh òrdifu pdwfraumif;jzpfonf? òrdifidkwJhae@ukd trSwf&vmjyefonf? wuUodkvf yHkEdSyfwdkuf 147

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

tkwfcHkpGef;rSmxdkif&if; ESif;jrLxJu pdrf;&ifhr_dif;ndKŒ opfwdkyif}uD;ukd òrdifu ai;awG=unfhvdk@ rcsifhr&Jjzpfae onfhòrdifu æ armifu òrdifhtay:rSm acgif;rmonf[kqdkonf?“q,fwef;ajzzdk@ajymwdkif; pum;rsm;& w,f?” wif;rmonfh pum;vHk;awGESifh &efawG@onfhòrdifhukd pdwfraumif;jzpfrdonf? “òrdif æ armifhvufukdwGJzdk@ 0efav;ae+yDr[kwfvm;? txyfom;puf±HkxJu opfwHk;awG/ u&def;oHóud;awGeJ@ tvkyfvkyfae&wJh armifhvufawGukd b,fvufwGJcsifyghrvJ &ygw,fòrdif æ òrdifeJ@” pum;rqH;k rDrmS yJ òrdiu f ol@Ew _ cf rf;ukd vmzdxm;onf? onfwek ;f u òrdiyhf g;jyifay:rSm rsu&f nf pufawG pD;usoG,fqif;vdk@? ajrmufav±dkif;awG wdk@a0S@v_yfcwfoGm;wdkif; wa0ga0g atmfjrnf[pfaºuG; aeonfh opfwdkyif}uD;vdk òrdifhrsufESmay:rSm r_dif;ndK@ndK@? òrdifhukd jyefacsmh&jyefonf? wuUodkvfukd wufcsiv f @kd awmhr[kwb f ;l aemf? c&D;oGm;[efvJ$ avhvmzd@k twGuyf J ajzr,f? tuef@towf aESmifóud; awG wnf;xm;wJhynma&;ukd tjyifuvnf; avhvmvdk@&wmyJòrdif æ vdk@ ajymawmh òrdifu tHh=opGm armh=unfo h nf? òrdiaf jymaeusjzpfonfh armifu ody+f yD;acgi;f rmwmyJqo kd nfh t"dyg` ,yf gaomt=unf?h òrdifhrsuf&nfpufawGukd okwfz,fypfawmhrS ol@ycHk;pGef;wGif òrdifu EGJ@rSDvmonf? tvif;a&mifqdkI jrLr_efwpyifr&Sdonfh tarSmifwkduf i&Jcef;wGifae&pOf tawG;pdwfwGif xkdodk@yif òrdifhukdjyefawG@&onf? ausmufovif; avSum;pGef;ay: jyefa&mufoGm;um òrdifeJ@ pum;ajym& onf? tvkyfwzufESihf q,fwef;atmifonfhESpfrSm òrdifu wwd,ESpfodk@a&mufae+yD? onfwkef;u trSwfw&yif æ òrdifóudufwJh tvSqHk; oif;jrESif;qDyGifhESpfyGifhukd yvyfpwpftdwfwGifxnfhum vuf aqmifay;cJhonf? òrdifrSm uav;wa,mufvdk aysmfjrL;um “armif&,f æ aysmfvdkufwmuG,f” [k xyfzefwvJvJajym&if;/ vnfwdkifukd odkif;zuf&if; [D;av;cdkvmonfh òrdifh±kyfyHkukd jyefawG@&pOf &ifxJrSm eifv h monf? ,ckvkd twdik ;f rJ w h o wrf;wr_awGudk òrdiu hf dk ajymjycsiv f u kd w f m? òrdief @J awG@csif vdu k w f m? '%f&mawGeJ@ v_yfr&atmif rGausaewJhol@ukd òrdifaumæ araryg awG@vdkuf&&if æ ? 'gayrJh wif;}udwf òyH;&if; tm;wif;xm;=uvdrfhr,f xifyg&JŒ? wu,fu òrdifaum vGwf&JŒvm;? òrdif yJcl;rSmyJvm;? &efukefukd a&mufvmEkdifao;&JŒvm;? ta&;awmfyHk}uD;xJrSm òrdifhtaz t&m&Sdvnf;yg0ifcJhonf? xdk@a=umifh &efukefrSyJcl;odk@ e,fajymif;a&$Œ ypfvdkufonf? rdk;at;ESihf pdk;cspfwdk@a=umihf òrdifESihf rcifESif;wdk@tkyfpkawGyg 'kuQa&mufukef=u+yDvm;? c%rSmyJ eH&Hukdtm;ðy&if; ±kef;x=unfhonf? vrf;w0ufrSmyJ t±kyfóud;jyuf yHkv#uf vJ=u oGm;pOf olatmf+iD;onfh yJhwifoHukd oljyef=um;&onf? rD;avmifzkrS aoG;=unf&nfawGu ajcaxmuf wav#mufvHk; pdkpGwfukefonf? y&d,m,fukd em;rvnfonfh/ ol&Jaumif;vkyfwwfonfh/ rdk;at;ESihf pdk;cspfwdk@ukdyJ tjypfwif&rSmjzpfayrJh tjypfrwifcsifawmh? ta&;awmfyHkumv taxGaxGoydwfarSmufawmh òrdifeJ@ywfouf+yD; ausmif;om;or*~u rd;k at;/ pd;k csp/f ukv d if;a0ESifh ukcd spaf tmifw@kd udk odu|r;f cJjh cif;jzpfonf? +yD;awmh yJc;l aumvdyu f rcifEiS ;f ukdvnf; odcJh&onf? xdkpOfu txyfom;puf±Hku tvkyform;or*~ acgif;aqmifawGESihf òrdifwdk@ ausmifom;or*~ twlvufwGJcJh=uonf? ta&;awmfyHk}uD;onf taxGaxGoydwfrsm;. ESvHk;aoG; ac|; rsuf&nfjrpfacsmif;wdk@ pD;qif;aygif;qHk&m r[mork'N&m}uD;yJ? tifrwef }uD;us,fcrf;em;onfh r[mork'&N m? ppfzed yfatmufu vlxo k nf olw@kd .b0awGxrJ mS a&muf&adS eonfh a[mif;jrif;aqG;&d aewmawGukd o,faqmifoGm;aeonfh rkefwdkif;awGyJ? ausmif;om;or*~/ v,form;or*~/ puf±Hk 148

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

tvkyf±Hktvdkuf tvkyform;or*~rsm;/ tdrf&Sifror*~rsm;/ ynm&Sifrsm;/ wuUodkvfESihf aumvdyf q&mrsm;/ rlvwef;/ tv,fwef;/ txufwef;ausmif;rsm;/ vrf;ab;ae ajcovHk;tdrfwdkifor*~rsm;/ qdkufum;orm;or*~rsm;/ wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;pktoD;oD; tzGJ@tpnf;awG/ or*~awG/ vlrsKd;pHk taoG; ta&mifpkH twef;tpm; or*~aygi;f pHEk iS fh vlxt k oacFsyg0ifonfh vlxw k u kd yf aJG oG;rkew f ikd ;f xJwiG f yg0ifcyhJ kH awGESihf vlv_dif;vHk;awGu pdwfrSm w&dyf&dyfay:vmaeonf? tiftm;wr#iftjzpf yg0if&if; =unfEl;pGm idkcJhzl;onfhtjzpfukd owd&onfh ,cktckduftwefŒrSmyJ xyfI =unfEl;yDwdjzpfpGm idkcsifaejyefonf? cspfcifav;pm;rdonfh ukdoufarmifajymovkd b0aygif; ukaÉukÉm zdEdSyfr_ xrf;ydk;atmufrS vGwfajrmufzdk@/ zdacseif;xm;onfh ppftm%m&Sifpepfukd ±kdufcsKd; zsufodrf;ypfzdk@qdkwm b0awGukd pGe@f vw $ &f rnf? tjrifjh rwfq;kH t&m[m tm%m&Sipf epf zsuo f rd ;f a&;twGuf awmfveS af &;ay:rSmaum/ tzdESdyfcH vlxkay:rSmyg opPm&Sdjcif;yJ æ? tJ'DrazmufjyefwJh opPmw&m;[m t&J&ifhqHk; opPmw&m;yJ? tJ'DopPmw&m;ukd toufaoG;eJ@ vJ,l&wmavmuf *k%foduQm }uD;rm;jrifhjrwfwm bm&Sdao;vJ? aojcif;tjyif bm&Sdao;vJ? wuk, d v f ;kH emusiu f u dk cf rJ a_ wG/ pdwef m=unf;r_u uko d ufarmif aºuG;a=umfvu kd w f hJ yJw h ifoH xJwiG f aysmuf&u S ek o f nf? wdu k yf x JG rJ mS &vmcJo h nfh ,ckcpH m;ae&onfh a0'emtwGuf nGwEf ;l auseyf aerdor#/ apmapmu rmausmat;pufaeonfh pdw0f Od mOfonfyifv#if &deS ;f jrylaEG;vmaeonf? tarSmif xJrSmyif rsufvHk;awGu 0if;yaernfxif&JŒ? ukdoufarmifvnf; tzrf;cH&+yDvm;? òrdifESihf cifESif;wdk@aum tzrf;cHae&+yDvm;? jyifyt a=umif;ukd bmrSrodjrif&awmh? tqufjywfae+yD? toufxif&Sm;jzifh i&JcHae&jcif;ukdyJ odawmhonf? yOPrHawGar;wJh ar;cGef;awGxJu tajzawGukd vkduf&Sm&if; b,folawG tzrf;cH&Ekdifw,f? tzrf;rcH& ao;bl;qdkwmukdyJ rSef;q=unfh±HkuvGJvdk@ wyftyf aocsmrodawmh? rd;k at;ESifh pd;k cspw f @kd uawmh aocsmayguf tzrf;cH&+yDqw kd m odvu kd +f yD? tzrf;cHc&hJ +yD; aemuf wae@ yxrqHk; ppfaq;awmh 0g'jzef@csda&;pm&GufawGukd rdk;at;/ pdk;cspfwdk@ESihfqufpyf+yD; ar;vdkuf uwnf;u olw@dk tzrf;cHvu kd &f +yq D w kd m odvu kd +f y?D yOPrw H yft}u;D tuJu trSet f wdik ;f ajzzd@k ajymonf? “vli,fqw kd m wcgawmh rSm;wwf rdu k w f wfwmaygæ h ,ckrif;vkyw f hJ 0g'jzef@csad &;vkyif ef;rSm rd;k at;eJ@ pdk;cspfwkd@ukd zrf;xm;w,f? olwdk@u 0g'jzef@csda&;vkyfcdkif;vdk@ wm0efay;vdk@qdk+yD; olwdk@uajymw,f? olwdk@uawmh ±dk;±dk;om;om;eJ@ 0efcHoGm;=uw,f? 'Dawmh tzGJ@acgif;aqmifu rif;r[kwfvm;? rif;wkd@ aemufuG,fu acgif;aqmifuaum b,folvJ? rSefwJhtwdkif;ajz+yD; 0efcHvdkuf&if rif;oufomrSmaygh? r[kwfbl;vm; ” yOPrHacgif;aqmifu taysmhaysmif;qHk;ar;onf? vli,fqdkwm wcgawmh rdkufwwf rSm;wwfw,f[k ajymonf? tkyfpdk;zdESdyfaeonfukd qef@usifawmfvSefwm[m rdkufaewm/ rSm;aewm r[kwfbl; qdkwmukd yOPrHacgif;aqmif;&JŒ rsufESmudk aphaph=unfh&if; pdwfuajymaerdonf? olar;wJh ar;cGef;aygif;rsm;pGmukd “u|efawmf 'gawGrodbl;” vdk@yJajzonf? xyfjyefwvJvJ a0h0dkuf ar;jref;vmjyefonf? aemufykdif;rSmawmh “rodbl;” qdkonhfa0g[m&ukdyJ a&vJrygyJ ajzonf? aemufar;cGe;f wckuawmh tda¹ErN ysu/f ±kyrf ysu&f atmif tvGet f rif; xde;f xm;vdu k &f onfh ar;cGef;jzpfonf? “awmxJu olyek af wGqu D ygvmwJh pm&Guaf wGudk cspaf tmifu rif;ukad y;w,fv@kd rd;k at;eJ@ 149

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

pdk;cspfwdk@u azmfvdkuf+yD? tJ'Dpm&GufawG b,frSmvJ ” wckawmh&Sdonf yOPrHwyfom;awG &&Sdxm;onfh owif;uvGJae+yD? bmyJjzpfjzpf oJvGefp &xm;ae+yD? cspfatmifESifhvif;a0 vlcsif;vGJae+yDqdkwmukd odvdkuf+yDqdkuwnf;u touf±SL& acsmif oGm;onf? pdwfxJrSm vufueJ òyH;vkdufrdonf? ra&S;raESmif;rSmyJ aemufqHk;ar;cGef;u a&mufvmonf? xdkar;cGef;u aoG;a=umESvHk;tdrf txd pdk;&drfwkefv_yfr_ukd wGef;jzef@vGwfvdkufonfhar;cGef;? “ a[m'DrSm cifav;òrdif rif;ukda&;vdkufwJhpm” Avmpm&Guf. pmrsufESmwjcrf;ay:rSm a&;xm;onfhpmukd a&SŒwnfhwnfh vmcsay;onf? at;aq;wnf+idrfpGmESihfyif iHk@=unhfzwfvdkufonf?“xGef;eJ@tm;vHk;twGuf aiG(500)ay;vdkufw,f?” òrdifhvufa&;yif jzpfonf? 'gayrJh vufrSwfa&;xdk;rxm;? “xGef;awGu trsm;}uD;/ b,fxGef;ukd a&;wmvJrodbl;? 'DxGef;qdkwm usKyfr[kwfbl;?” acgif;ukdESpf}udrf vSnfhcgjyvdkufonf? xkdpOfu &ifckefoHukd em;xJu jyef=um;ae&onf? òrdifhudk ajy;jrifrdjyefonf? wc%rSm pdwftvsifu òrdif/ cifESif;/ pdk;cspf/ rdk;at;wdk@xHodk@ vSnfhajy;a&muf aeonf? oufjyif;cswmutp wnf+idrrf u _ dk csKyfxed ;f odr;f qnf;xm;aomfvnf; &ifcek o f u H em;xJrmS pdwt f aqmufttHx k rJ mS yJw h ifxyf jrnf[ed ;f vmaeonf? &ifxrJ mS arm=uyfvmaeonfudk txyfxyf xdef;csKyfxm;&onf? wu,fhukd bmrSrod/ bmwckrS roufqdkif rywfoufawmhovdk wm0efr&Sd ovdyk J rsuEf mS ay:rSm bmrSvm+y;D rxif&atmif xde;f csKyx f m;&onf? rsuEf mS [m pdw&f ŒJ rmwdumyJ æ vk@d qdkayrJh pdwfrSmbmjzpfaew,fqdkwm rsufESmay:rSm zwfvdk@r&atmif/ ±_HŒrJ@wGef@vdrfoGm;wmrsKd; jzpfr oGm;&atmif owdxm;&onf? 'kwd,t}udrfajrmuf ppfaq;wJhn[m i&Jjynfukd yxrqHk; t&Sifvwfvwf zrf;ykd@cH&wJh nyJjzpfvdrfhrnf? yxrt}udrf ppfaq;onfhae@avmuf bmrS rwdk@rxdoavmuf 'kwd,t}udrfrSm awmh ppfzed yfEiS fh vufo;D awG[m rd;k oD;rd;k ayguaf wG tuef@towfr&Sd w&pyf xdreS o f vdrk sK;d jzpfonf? b,fESpfcsufvnf;/ b,fESpf}udrfvnf;qdkwm rrSwfom;Ekdifawmh? n (1) em&Du p+yD;ppfonf? reuf (3)em&D xdk;avmufa&mufawmh n‡Of;yef;ESdyfpufr_awG pwifonf? w'dkif;'dkif; ajy;xGufvmonfh yOPrH wyfom;. ppfzdeyfu ajrmufwufvm+yD; rsufESmay: wtm;aqmifhuefvkdufonhf xdkpuUef@up+yD; i&Jjynfukd pwifa&muf&Sdonf? aemufw}udrf/ aemufw}udrf/ ,dkifoGm;onfh ajcaxmufukd qGJrwf xm;&if; yOPrHwyfom;ukd pl;pl;&J&J pkduf=unfhaeonftxd owd&aeao;onf? “rif;&JŒacgif;aqmifu b,folvJ/ b,frSm&SdvJ ” “ æ æ æ” “cspfatmif,lvmwJh awmxJu pm&GufawGaum b,frSmxm;vJ/ awmxJu b,ftzGJ@u pm&GufawGvJ/ cspfatmif b,frSmvJ” “æ æ æ ” “òrdifqdkwm rif;wdk@tzGJ@uyJ r[kwfvm;? rif;&nf;pm;qdkwm [kwfvm;? pmu rif;ukda&; vdkufwJh cifav;òrdif&JŒpm r[kwfvm;” “æ æ æ ” 150

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

"gwfyHkawGukd xkwfjyonf? wyHkcsif; xkwfjy&if;ay;onf? rdk;at;/ pdk;cspfwkd@jzpfaeonf? +yD;awmh cspfatmif? puf±Hku tvkyform;or*~ qENjyaepOf olESihfwJG±kdufxm;onfh or*~acgif;aqmif awG."gwyf ?kH +y;D awmh ausmif;om;or*~ a&SŒwef;rSm&yf+y;D aºu;G a=umfaeonfh òrid ±hf yk yf v kH m$ "gwyf ?kH ol@udk odvm;vdk@ar;awmh ,cifenf;twdkif;yif jiif;vdkufonf? “qENjyawmh ausmif;om;or*~ acgif;aqmifawGeJ@ qufoG,f+yD; qENjywmr[kwfvm;” “tJ'DvlawGukd rodbl;? odwmu rqv ppftkyfpkukd oydwfarSmufcJhw,f? tJ'DrSm tvkyf orm;wa,muftjzpf yg0ifcJhw,f? tJ'gyJodw,f? olwdk@eJ@odvdk@ oydwfarSmufcJhwmvnf; r[kwfbl;? vlawGrmS bmrSajymcGirhf &bl;? vkycf enf;enf;av;ay;+yD; EGm;vdck ikd ;f wmukd uke;f ±ke;f vkycf &hJ w,f? rat rkq;kd rESifh rdom;pkav;a,muftwGuf bmrS b0tmrcHcsurf &Sb d ;l ? b0u =uyfwnf;pkwcf sm&wJt h xJ bmrSajymqdkcGifh/ wifjycGifhr&bl;? pum;awmif us,fus,f ajymcGifhr&cJhbl;? rw&m;vdk@/ rvGwfvyfvdk@ 'Dru kd a&pD vH;k 0r&Sad wmhv@kd oydwaf rSmufcw hJ ,f? zdEydS cf sKyfcs,x f m;wJh ppftm%m&Sipf epfudk tvkrd &Sb d ;l vdk@ qENjycJhw,f? tJ'Dvdk 'Drdkua&pDukd rykdifqdkif r&&SdcJh=u&wJhvl[m jrefrmjynfrSm oef;av;q,f eD;yg; &Sdw,f? tJ'DvlawGeJ@ oydwfarSmufcJhwm[m usaemfygyJ? b0csif;/ cHpm;r_csif;/ rawmfwq oGm;wlae=uwm r[kwb f ;l ? zdEydS rf _ wckxaJ tmufrmS cHpm;&wmjcif; xyfwjl zpfae=uwm? "gwyf x kH u J vlyk*~Kdvf emrnfawGxuf oef;(40) eD;yg; vlxkukd usaemfodw,f? 'Drdkua&pDom &SdcJhr,fqdk&if ,ckvdk axmifxJxnfh+yD; Oya'rJh n‡Of;yef;ESdyfpufp&mawmif vdkawmhrSmr[kwfbl;? tckvdk n‡Of;yef;wJh tcsKyf axmifawGvnf; &Sdp&mta=umif; r&Sdawmhbl;? 'Drdkua&pDukd zGifhray;wJh AsL±dku&uf ppftkyfpkom jrefrmjynf&ŒJ w&m;cHawGjzpfw,f? olw@dkudk cH±k ;kH wif+y;D cifAsm;wk@d usKyu f adk r;ovdak r;zd@k / ppfaq;zd@k aumif;w,f? usaemfw@kd u oufaovkyyf grh ,f? 'grrS [kwf w&m;vdv k yk yf grh ,f? cifAsm;u w&m;ol}uD;vky+f yD; ppfaq; =unfhprf;yg? ” “a[haumif æ rif; æ cifav;òrid u f dk rodb;l vm;? wu,fyJ rodwmvm;? a[m'Dyef;td;k xJu ESif;qDyef;[m rif;&nf;pm;òrdifu rif;twGufay;vdkufwmyJ? jyef&if ,loGm;ayawmh? rif;ukd òrdifu ol@cspfol&nf;pm;ygvdk@ ajymxm;w,f? ” vufr&GŒH yOPrpH pfAv kd u f òrid u f dk xyfwvJvaJ r;onf? pum;rqH;k rDrmS bJ cyfvrS ;f vSr;f arSmif&yd f wGif&Sdaeonfh yOPrHvufr&HGŒyg;uGufom;ukd vSrf;+yD;tcsufay;vdkufonf? r=umvkdufonfh c%rSmyif olxHav#mufvmonfh ajcoHawGu eD;uyfvmae+yDqdkwm odaew,f? ol@ukd qGJac:oGm;awmhr,f/ trJzsufovdkrsKd; 0kdifzsufawmhrnf[k odvdkuf&onf? pdwfukd tm;wif;xm;vdkuf+yD;vnf; jzpfonf? ajcoHawGu ol@a&SŒupm;yGJqDodk@ a&mufvm+yD? ppfAdkvfu xkdifckdif;vdkufwJholukd =unfhvdkufawmh òrdif jzpfaeonf? rsufESmay:rSm tH=or_ wqHcsnfr#ifr# ay:aygufrvm&atmif owdESifhxdef;xm;qJ æ “ óuHawmifóh uHcJ cifav;òrdief @J pum;ajymygt;kH æ cifAsm; jzef@a0cdik ;f wJh 0g'jzef@pm&Guaf wGudk cifav;òrdifvufxJ xnhfay;w,fvdk@ rdk;at;u zGifhajym+yD;+yD? pm&GufawG a&mufra&muf ar;ygtHk;? cifav;òrdifukd ar;ygtHk;? [dkwkef;xJu cifAsm;wkd@u cspfolawGyJqdkawmh æ ” “ol@udk usKyfrodbl; ” toHukd yHkrSeftwdkif; redrfhrjrifhbJ wkH;wdwd tajzay;vdkufonf? òrdifhukd zswfceJ vSnfh=unfh vdkufpOf òrdifhrsufESmwckvHk; wukd,fvHk;ukd òcH=unfhrdv#ufom; jzpfoGm;onf? òrdifht=unfhESihf qHkoGm; 155

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

=uonf? òrdifhrsufESmay:u yg;jyifrdk@rdk@onfyifv#if yg;vsoGm;av+yD? tda¹ENrysuf +idrfoufat;aq; atmif [efaqmifxm;wJh òrdifhudk=unfh&if; pdwfxdcdkufaerdonf? ,ck òrdifhudk ydkvdk@oabmus av;pm; aerdonf? csD;usL;rdw,f òrdif&,f æ vdk@ pdwfrSm [pfóuH;rdonf? “cifav;òrdif a&;wJph mxJu xGe;f qdw k v hJ el @J awG@ae+yDav? aiG(500) ay;vdu k w f m udx k eG ;f cdik f &r& ar;ygtHk;av? ” “usr ol@ukd rodbl;vdk@ ajymcJhwm[m tckxd rajymif;vJao;ygbl;?” ppfAv kd u f rsuEf mS wcsuf wGe@f omG ;onf? bmrSqufrajymawmhbJ tcsed af y;ovdrk sK;d apmifq h ikd ;f aevdkufonf? c%=umrS trdef@ay;onf? “bmrS ajymp&m r&Sad wmhb;l aygh [kwv f m;? uJ æ 'gjzifh aumif;+yaD v/ ac:oGm;=uawmha[h ” òrdifu wcsufvSrf;=unfh òyH;&if;xGufoGm;+yD? ppfAdkvfu 'Dwcgawmh a'goawGudk xdef;vdk@r& atmif qlyGufv#HxGufvm+yD; 0kef;ceJ x&yfvdkufonf? pm;yGJu ol@AdkufeJ@ndoGm;+yD; cg,rf;a&GŒoGm;pOf ESi;f qDyiG ahf ºuGt;kd u =urf;jyifay:od@k vGiphf if arSmufusomG ;onf? ESi;f qDEpS yf iG u hf yef;td;k qDrS wae&mqD uGJuGmvGifhusaeonf? tvSyef; eDvGvGESif;qDyGifhESpfyGifhukd twdwfpdrf; ayyJvm; æ cHpm;rdvdkufpOfrSmyJ ppfAv kd u f a'gearmxum pm;yGrJ x S u G cf mG oGm;pOf ppfzed yfu ESi;f qDyiG Ehf pS yf iG u hf dk &Syw f u dk f eif;acsypfco hJ nf? [kdwcsyf 'Dwcsyf yGifhcsyfawGu usKd;a=uvGifhpifukefjyefonf? c%rSmyJ ppfzed yfoaH wGu toGm;tjyef ±_yaf xG;oGm;onf? arSmif&yd u f ae w'dik ;f 'dik ;f eD;uyf vmaom ppfzdeyfoHu ol@teD;odk@a&mufvmonfESihf t&mwcku t&Sdeft[kefjyif;xefpGm rsufESmay: odk@ uef@vef@jzwfusvmonf? opf&Gufw&Gufvdk pm;yGJay:rSae olvGifhpifusoGm;pOf/ aoG;pufawGu ESif;qDcsyfrsm;ay:odk@ pD;usonf? ,cifuvdkyJ jyefowd&onfh tcgrSmawmh“'gyJvm;” [k a=u;pm; yg;uGufom;rsm;ukd ar; vdrrhf nf? vif;a0/ aeatmif/ cspaf tmifEiS fh uko d ufatmifw@kd [m ol@twGu/f vlxt k wGuf yk+d yD; tvkyf vkyf=uvdrfhr,f? opPmysm;&nfpufawGukd ,ckvdkyJ n‡Of;yef;cHa0'emawGESihf vJz,f,l&rnfyJ? jrifhjrwf csKd+rdefvSonfh a0'emawGukd cH,lzufayG@oGm;prf;yghr,f? 'gyJvm; æ a=u;pm;wkd@ ? 'gyJvm; æ 'DavmufyJvm; æ ppftm%m&Sifwkd@ ? æ ,ck tckduftwef@rSmawmh b,fES,fcsuf b,fES,f}udrf ol@ay:odk@(ppfzdeyfawGu)xyfjyefwvJvJ æ tqifhqifh t}udrf}udrf zdESdyf&ufpufaeonfukdrl ol rodEkdiftm;awmh æ ?

Ò Ò Ò ZGefv 30 &uf/ 1991 ckESpf? (0if;wifhxGef;vdk opPmysm;&nfpufawGudk zufwG,fcJh=uonfh tmZmenfol&Jaumif;rsm;odk@ ) 1999 - ck '\eyef;cif;r*~Zif; trSwf(6)(7)?

156

armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

ESi;f 0wf&nf ('D0wˆKukd tm&SwdkufvGwfajrmufa&; a&'D,dkXme (RFA)a&'D,dk toHv$ifhZmwfvrf; twGufom &nf&G,f+yD; Zmwf!$ef;oabmtjzpf a&;om;cJhjcif;jzpfw,f? ,ck bmrS rjyifqifawmhyJ 1999 ck ZGefv xJwiG f (RFA)rS OD;cifarmifp;kd pDpOf xkwv f i$ chf o hJ nft h wdik ;f 0wˆKwdt k jzpf azmfjyvdu k yf gw,f? pma&;ol)

usaemf a&mufvmwJh tcsdefrSmawmh ESif;0wf&nfukd rD;oò*õ[fzdk@twGuf toifhjzpfae =uonf? ESi;f 0wf&nfudk aemufq;kH awG@vw kd hJ twGuf vltkyfawG=um;xJuae wdk;a0S@ 0ifvmpOfrSmyJ AdkvfOm%fvif;[m c&pf,mef orRmusrf; pmtkyf ukzd iG +fh y;D &Gwzf wfaeonf? tjcm; c&pf,mefbmom 0ifESpfOD;uvnf; oleJ@twl vkduf+yD; &Gwfzwfae =uw,f? ESif;0wf&nfu Ak'
Om%f v if ; &J Œ &if x J r S m vnf ; aomuy&d a '0 rD;awmufrD;v#Hu w[kef;[kef; awmufavmif ae+yDvdk@om cHpm;vdkuf&w,f? idkaºuG;oHESihftwl ol@&if[m yGifhxGufoGm;+yD? “nDra& æ ESif;0wf&nfa& æ nDrukd tpfukd cGifhv$wfw,f? ukd,fh&ifxJrSm‘ESif;’qdkwJh tukd@ZeD;[m xm0&&Sdaer,fvdk@ ajymvdkufyg& ap nDra& æ ESif;a& æ ” Adv k Of m%fvif;ukd wGaJ c:vm+y;D rD;oò*[ õ f wJhae&meJ@ rvSrf;rurf; opfom;xdkifcHk &Sd&mqD odk@av#mufvmcJh=uw,f? ol@rdwfaqG &Jabmf aumif;jrwfe@J usaemf[m Adv k Of m%fvif;&JŒ wzuf wcsufrSm 0ifxdkifvdkuf=uw,f? usaemfwdk@ oHk; a,muf rD;awmufrD;v#HawG/ aumif;uifjymjym xJ ajy;wufvmaewJh rD;cd;k wdrv f yd af wGukd ai;awG =unf&h if;u ud, k t hf awG;eJ@u, dk f +idro f ufaerd=u w,f? wu,fvkd@rsm; ESif;0wf&nf&JŒ 0rf;=um wdkufrSm zatr&SdwJh uav;wpfa,muf ygrvm cJh&if æ wenf;ajym&&if ESif;0wf&nfrSm ukd,f0ef r&SdcJhbl;qdk&if æ usaemf[m [if;ueJ oufjyif; wcsuf r_wfxkwfvdkufrdw,f? usaemfh&ifwGif;u pdwftawG;iSufu a0;oxufa0;wJh olwdk@ ZeD; armifESH&JŒ twdwfukef;ajrjrifhqDodk@ ysHoef;aeyg awmhw,f æ? Ð Ð ÐÐ 157

armifpdk;csdef

Adv k Of m%fvif;[m [dpk Ofwek ;f u rqv zuf q pf w yf u a=u;pm;wyf o m; wOD ; aygh ? zufqpft&m&SdawG&JŒ rw&m;r_/ ,kwfrmyufpuf r_/ vlxktay: zdESdyf&ufpufr_awGukd wyftwGif; rSm qef@usifykefuef&mrS ppfwyftcsKyfcef;xJukd r=umc% 0ifcJh&olvnf;jzpfw,f? ta&;awmfyHk }uD; ay:xGufvmcsdefrSmawmh vlxkbufu &yf wnfzdk@twGuf qHk;jzwfvdkufygawmhw,f? awmf vSefa&;e,fajrudk a&mufvmpOf u&iftrsKd;om; awmfveS af &;wyfx0J ifcw hJ ,f? ausmif;om;wyfO;D ay:vmwJhtcg ausmif;om;wyf&if;rSm 0ifa&muf vmcJhw,f? ajymufusm; ppfwdkufpGrf;&nf tm; aumif;xufjrufwm&,f/ uk, d u hf siw hf &m; aumif; wm&,f/ rdrdawmfvSefa&;wyfukd OD;aqmifuGyfuJ EkdifwJhtwGuf u&ifhawmfvSefa&;wyfrSmaum/ ausmif;om;wyfO;D rSmyg‘Adv k ’f tjzpf &mxl;wd;k jr‡ihf ay;cJ=h uw,f? awmfveS af &;wyfwiG ;f rSm awmfveS f a&;orm;wdik ;f u ol@udk cifrifav;pm;=u/ tm;uk;d ,Hk=unf=uw,f? ol[m a&SŒwef;rSmyJ taersm;w,f? AdkvfOm%fvif; a&SŒwef;ppfrsufESm a&mufaewkef; rSmyJ aemufwef;wyf&if;uae ay;ydk@vdkufwJh ESif; 0wf&nf&ŒJ pmukd vufc&H &Scd w hJ ,f? cspw f hJ ZeD;onf ESif;0wf&nfeJ@ &ufaygif;/ vaygif;rsm;pGm a0;uGm aecJ&h mrS rar#mv f ifb h J 'Dpmukd &&dv S u kd pf OfrmS awmh AdkvfOm%fvif;&JŒ&if[m w'dwf'dwf ckefaeygawmh w,f? tHh=or_/ xl;qef;r_wdk@eJ@ a&m,SufaewJh 0rf;om=unfEl;r_wdk@u ESvHk;aoG;ukd ckefjrnf v_dif;x apcJhw,f? tukdvif; 'Dpmukd rJaqmufuae a&;vdkufwm jzpfw,f? rJaqmufukd a&mufaewm wv&SdoGm; +yD? tukd b,frSm&Sdw,fqdkwm od&atmifvdk@ ar;jref; pHkprf;&if;u =umoGm;w,f? rJaqmufrSm &yfwnf&rSm rvHkòcHbl;? pdwfrcs&bl;? odyf+yD;cuf 158

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

cJw,f? awmfveS af &;xJrmS yJ tuked @J vdu k af er,f? tukdeJ@twl awmfvSefa&;vkyfr,f? nDrukd tjref qH;k vmac:yg? rJaqmufaps;xJu OD;rGe}f u;D xrif;qdik f ukd qufoG,f&if nDrb,frSm&Sdw,fqdkwm od& ygvdrfhr,f? cspfwJhtukd&JŒ ESif; azazmf0g&D(20)/ 1992 ck? aEG O D ; ayguf rk e f w d k i f ; ppf q if a &;xJ a&mufaewJh AdkvfOm%fvif;[m ESif;0wf&nfxH ta&mufroGm;Edik af wm?h aemufxyf oH;k vt=um rSm ESi;f 0wf&nfxrH S pmwapmife@J ArmaiGEpS af xmif a&mufvmjyefw,f? aemufwvt=umrSm aiG ig;axmifeJ@ pmwapmif? aemufxyf wvt=um rSm pdwfwdkwdkeJ@ a&;om;xm;wJh pmwapmifeJ@ aiG oHk;axmif? ESif;0wf&nf ykd@ay;cJhwJhaiGa=u;[m Ad k v f O m%f v if ; twG u f o mru awmf v S e f a &; twGuf &JabmfawGtwGuf axmufychH w hJ hJ aiGa=u; jzpfw,f? &JabmfawGtm;vHk;u ESif;0wf&nfukd rjrifb;l ayrJh ol@pw d "f mwfe@J apwemukd av;pm;cJh =uw,f? wu,fhukd aus;Zl; wifaecJh=uw,f? b0 tvSnfhtajymif;[m wcgw&H tHh=op&m aumif;vSw,f? =unfh æ AdkvfOm%f vif; rJaqmufukda&mufvmawmh ESif;0wf&nfxH a&mufvmjcif;r[kwf? rJaqmufaq;±Hkukd a&muf vmcJhjcif;jzpfw,f? vufeuf}uD; usnfqHawGu ajcaxmufawGrmS xdreS x f m;w,f? aoG;tm;enf;/ iSuzf sm;x/ owd&wcsu/f r&wcsu?f ESi;f 0wf&nf u AdkvfOm%fvif; rJaqmufa&mufaewmukd rodao;? Adv k Of m%fvif;ukd aq;±Hw k if+y;D wmeJ@ ol@ &Jabmfaumif;jrwfuawmh rESif;0wf&nfukd &SmyHk awmf zGiyhf gawmhw,f? ESi;f 0wf&nfudk awG@r,fah wG@ awmh jynfhwefqm±HkrSm jynfhwefqmtjzpfom awG@&ygawmhw,f?

armifpdk;csdef

ESif;0wf&nf rJaqmufa&mufvmwJh aemufydkif;rSm òrdŒxJeJ@ cyfa0;a0;&yfuGufu ol@ rdwaf qG iSm;xm;wJh tdru f av;xJrmS ESi;f 0wf&nf eJ@ ol@oil ,fcsi;f rapm,kw@kd xdik ;f ykvyd ef @J axmuf vSrf;a&;ab;u uif;a0;&ef cdkuyfykef;atmif; aecJh=uw,f? ta&;}uD;wJh udpP&SdrS òrdŒxJukd xGuf =uw,f? òrdŒxJudk xGufvmzdk@qdkwm pGef@pm;cef; wcky?J b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpf xdik ;f ykvyd ef @J w}urd rf [kwf w}udrfawG@wmygyJ? ykvdyfu olwdk@aewJh tdrfukd rSwx f m;yH&k w,f? wae@rmS ykvyd u f m;wpD; tdraf &SŒ xdk;&yf+yD; ESif;0wf&nfeJ@ rapm,kwdk@ukd ykvdyfawG u zrf;qD; ac:aqmifoGm;w,f? tdrfwtdrf&JŒ tcef;xJrSm olwdk@ESpfOD;ukd avSmifxm;cJhw,f? yk v d y f a wG wzG J z G J a &muf v m+yD ; t"rR u sif h } uH zsufqD;=uawmhwmygyJ? i&J}uD;&Spfxyf r[ma,m,k0rSm w ywf=umcJh+yD;aemuf ykvdyfu olwdk@ESpfa,mufukd xdik ;f vlrsK;d wa,muf&ŒJ vufxJ v$t J yfvu kd w f ,f? xdkolu jynfhwefqm±Hkukd ac:oGm;+yD;/ vleJ@aiG vJ,+l y;D olw@kd ux dk m;cJw h ,f? tJ'u D p+y;D ESi;f 0wf&nf eJ@ rapm,kwkd@[m onf;tlv_dufatmif cg;oD; pufqw k w f hJ jynfw h efqmb0ukd &&Scd ahJ wmhwmygy?J AdkvfOm%fvif; aq;±HkrSm xlxlaxmif axmifjzpfvmvdk@ oHk;ywft=umrSmawmh &Jabmf aumif;jrwfu AdkvfOm%fvif;ukd ESif;0wf&nf ta=umif; &ifziG jhf yygawmhw,f? rajymvd@k vrJ jzpf/ ESif;0wf&nfowif;ukd =um;&onfESifh AdkvfOm%f vif;wa,muf ,rf;yHkrD;us a'goaygufuGJcJhyg awmhw,f? “usKyfESif;0wf&nfukd rkef;w,f? 'Dvdk b0rsKd;ukd odyf&GHw,f? oleJ@bmrS rywfoufcsif awmhbl;? usKyfbmrS owdr&bJ arharsmaecsdefrSm ol@aiGeJ@0,f+yD; oGif;ay;cJhwJh aq;ykvif;eJ@ aq;0g; awGudk usKycf E<muk, d x f u J ae tckyJ jyefxw k yf pfcsif w,fAsm? usKyb f mrS rywfoufcsiaf wmhb;l Asm æ”

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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armifpdk;csdef

aoG;yifv,fEiS fh tjcm;0wˆKwdrk sm;

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161

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162

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