Maternal And Child Health Nursing (ncm 101 Lect) Part 2
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NCM 1O1 LECTURE (MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NURSING) 1. Amnion 2. Chorion- outermost layer Placenta
- also known as secundines - Formed with deciduas basalis and chorionic villi - 15-28 cotyledons - 15-20 cm in diameter and 2-3 cm in depth Functions: a. Respiratory b. GIT c. Renal d. Production of Enzyme Pinocytosis- transport of virus ( IgG provides passive natural immunity and viruses are the only substance that passes placenta via this process. Common Mechanism occurring in the placenta: i. Simple Diffusion (oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange) – from higher concentration to the lower concentration ii. Facilitated Diffusion (glucose transport) iii. Active Transport (Amino acids, water soluble vitamins, folic acid, iron, vit. C, iodine. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin B Complex B-1 : Thymine B-2 : Riboflavin B-3: Niacin B-6: Pyridoxine B-12: Cobalamine Vitamin C Folic Acid 1. Maternal 2. Fetal Side – amnion give a white and shining appearance to the fetal side
Defects in the Placenta -breaks in placenta membranes, allow passage of molecules from mother to fetus such as the placenta. Abnormalities of Placenta: 1. Multiple Placenta a. Placenta bipartitial – not completely divided into two lobes b. Placenta duplex – completely divided into two lobes 2. Centaviet Placenta – having an accessory lobe with a blood vessels connected on it. 3. Ring Shaped – associated with fetal growth retardation. 4. Fenestrated Placenta- central placenta of the maternal side is missing 5. Extrachorial Placenta a. Circumvallate Placenta – fetal surface has a central depression surrounded by a thickened and a white-grayish ring. b. Circummarginate Placenta- a white grayish ring is located at the margin of the placenta. 6. Large Placenta – this is seen in syphilis in erythroblasts fetalis. i. Erythroblastosis- insufficient number of oxygen in the RBC 7. Placenta Acreta – there is deep attachment of placenta to myometrium 8. Placenta Increta- placental invasion in the myometrium 9. Placenta Percreta – Placental attachment to surrounding organs of the uterus such as bladder.
10.Placentitis/ Chorioamnionitis – signs and symptoms (fever and chills, uterine tenderness, leukocytosis)
- also known as secundines - Formed with deciduas basalis and chorionic villi - 15-28 cotyledons - 15-20 cm in diameter and 2-3 cm in depth Functions: a. Respiratory b. GIT c. Renal d. Production of Enzyme Pinocytosis- transport of virus ( IgG provides passive natural immunity and viruses are the only substance that passes placenta via this process. Common Mechanism occurring in the placenta: i. Simple Diffusion (oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange) – from higher concentration to the lower concentration ii. Facilitated Diffusion (glucose transport) iii. Active Transport (Amino acids, water soluble vitamins, folic acid, iron, vit. C, iodine. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin B Complex B-1 : Thymine B-2 : Riboflavin B-3: Niacin B-6: Pyridoxine B-12: Cobalamine Vitamin C Folic Acid 1. Maternal 2. Fetal Side – amnion give a white and shining appearance to the fetal side
Defects in the Placenta -breaks in placenta membranes, allow passage of molecules from mother to fetus such as the placenta. Abnormalities of Placenta: 1. Multiple Placenta a. Placenta bipartitial – not completely divided into two lobes b. Placenta duplex – completely divided into two lobes 2. Centaviet Placenta – having an accessory lobe with a blood vessels connected on it. 3. Ring Shaped – associated with fetal growth retardation. 4. Fenestrated Placenta- central placenta of the maternal side is missing 5. Extrachorial Placenta a. Circumvallate Placenta – fetal surface has a central depression surrounded by a thickened and a white-grayish ring. b. Circummarginate Placenta- a white grayish ring is located at the margin of the placenta. 6. Large Placenta – this is seen in syphilis in erythroblasts fetalis. i. Erythroblastosis- insufficient number of oxygen in the RBC 7. Placenta Acreta – there is deep attachment of placenta to myometrium 8. Placenta Increta- placental invasion in the myometrium 9. Placenta Percreta – Placental attachment to surrounding organs of the uterus such as bladder.
10.Placentitis/ Chorioamnionitis – signs and symptoms (fever and chills, uterine tenderness, leukocytosis)
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