Master Degree 2005

Cairo University Institute of Educational Studies Instructional Technology Department

A suggested Training Program Prepared According to the System Approach to Employ The Skills of Electronic Educational Communication of the Educational Technology Specialists

A research Submitted by: Mamdouh Salem Mohamed El-Fikiy

For Magisterial Degree Educational Technology Department

Supervised by Prof. Dr./ Ebrahim Abd El Fatah Younis

Prof of Educational Technology Institute of Educational Studies Cairo University

Dr./ Mona Mohamed El-Safy El-Gazer

Lecturer of Instructional Technology, Institute of Educational Studies Cairo University

2005 A.D. – 1426 A.H.

SUMMARY Introduction: In spite of the importance of the role of the instructional technology specialist in employing the technological innovation in a frame of a system of learning and education, this importance dose not meet with the real employment especially those skills of the electronic communication that are done through the internet. That is due to the disability of the instructional technology specialists to employ these skills effectively in the educational process. Therefore the present research turns to care for designing a system of training for the instructional technology specialists to fulfill their training needs in the field of employing the skills of electronic educational communication. Research Problem: The problem of the current research is represented in the disability of the instructional technology specialist in employing the skills of electronic communication in the educational field. The problem of the current research is limited in the following main

question:

- What is the effectiveness of a suggested training program to employ the skills of electronic educational communication of the instructional technology specialist?

This main question is divided to the following sub-questions: 1. What are the skills of electronic educational communication necessary for the instructional technology specialists? 2. What are the actual training needs in the field of employing the skills of electronic educational communication for the educational technology specialists? 3. What is the suggested image of the program of training necessary for Employing the skills of electronic educational communication for the instructional technology specialists according to their training needs? 4. What is the effectiveness of the suggested program in developing the Cognitive aspect of electronic communication skills? 5. What is the effectiveness of the suggested program in developing the Skills aspect of the electronic communication skills? 6. What is the effectiveness of the suggested program in developing the affective aspect toward the electronic communication skills?

The current research aims to: 1. Determining the skills of the electronic educational communication necessary for the specialists of educational technology.

2. Determining the actual training needs in the field of employing the skills of

electronic educational communication of the instructional technology specialists. 3. Constructing a training program based on the system approach aiming to train the specialists of the instructional technology during service on employing the skills of electronic educational communication that are done through the internet. 4. Recognizing the effectiveness of applying the program in employing the skills of electronic educational on the research group in the three aspects ; the cognitive, the skills and the affective aspects. To fulfill these aims, the researcher supposes some hypotheses represented in: 1. There are significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average of

the degrees of the research group in the pre & post application to test the cognitive aspect in the skills of electronic educational communication. 2. there are significant differences at level (0.05) between the average of the degrees of the research group in the pre& post application of the observation label for the skills of electronic educational communication 3. There are significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average of the degrees of the research group in the pre & post application of the attitudes measurement toward the skills of electronic educational communication. The importance of this research is because of the following: - Introducing a Program to train the specialists of instructional technology to employ the Skills of electronic educational communication through the Internet. - The result of the current research can be of great benefit when they are integrated with the other theses results especially of those responsible of what connects with employing the internet as an effective educational mean in the different educational stages. - The suggested program help the pioneers of developing the educational programs in the concerned colleges & in the (T.D.C)to prepare the instructional technology specialists especially with what concerns with the internet field and its employment in education . • This research used the system approach through using one of the applied samples in designing learning & training that is known in instructional technology as the instructional system design and that in constructing the suggested program. The descriptive curriculum has been used with the system approach in the stage of study & analysis where the characteristics and the training needs of the learners have been determined and that in employing the electronic educational communication and its skills through the internet and The experimental curriculum is used in the stage of evaluation of the system approach when using the suggested program and making sure of its effectiveness. The following research tools have been used:

1- A questionnaire to know the skills of electronic educational communication that 2-

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are done through the internet. A label to determine the training needs of the specialists of educational technology on their needs of training on the skills of electronic educational communication that are done through the internet. A list of the skills of electronic educational communication. An achievement test of the cognitive aspect of the suggested training program. An observation label of the practical performance of the skills of electronic educational communication. Attitudes measurement toward employing the skills of electronic communication in education.

The sample of the research has been chosen from some specialists of instructional technology in Menoufia Governorate to apply the experiment at the place where the researcher works. It consists of twenty instructional technology specialists. The experimental design has been used in this research that is based on one group by the pre-post test. That is known as (one – group, pre-test-post test design ) to see the effectiveness of the suggested training program . The Current research attempts to investigate the truth of these hypotheses by the following.

first : Studying and analyzing the theses and the previous studies connected with the following axes : - Training in the field of instructional technology generally and in the field of the internet especially . - The skills of electronic educational communication , facts , usage , its employments , its obstacles and suggestions to get over these obstacles . - Designing educational systems to determine the basics and procedures necessary for designing a training system . secondly: Studying some models of educational designs of the educational and training systems to choose the suitable model to design a system of training necessary for the specialists of the instructional technology . The model of Abdel Latif El.Gazar has been chosen to apply its steps to construct the suggested program . Thirdly : Designing a system of training necessary to employ the skills of electronic educational communication in education through the following stages : The first stage ..Analysis and Study Stage: - Determination of the Instructional Needs for the subject of learning & training and its Purpose .

A questionnaire to know the most important skills of electronic communication , that are done through the internet and necessary for the specialists of instructional technology from the experts and specialists points of view . o A label to determine the actual training needs of specialists of instructional technology on the skills of electronic communication after the experts judge them . Determining the general aims of the program in the light of actual needs of the training subjects . Determining the characteristics of the education environment . o

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The second stage . . the designing stage that includes the following: - Determining and forming the educational aims of the training program besides analyzing and arranging them . - Determining the items of the educational contents of training program . - Constructing a criterion referenced test for the measurement tools that have included ( achievement test – observation label – attitudes measurement ) - Choosing the educational experiences and the way of gathering the learners . - Choosing the educational multimedia and educational materials . - Designing the educational research on the required multimedia . - Designing the educational events and the items of learning Process. - Putting a strategy for carrying the education out .

The third stage .. Production stage It includes : - Getting the multimedia and educational materials that were determined and chosen in the designing stage through two styles. - Providing what is existed and suitable of the educational multimedia . - Producing New multimedia Suitable for the scientific content and achieving the aims . The fourth stage .. Evaluation stage : It includes the evaluation of the program that has been constructed in its experimental shape for and that was done in two steps : 1-

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The constructive evaluation :

Where the program has been controlled and proved to be valid for final experiment by presenting it to the experts and referees . Exploratory experiment on a sample of learners to do the suitable modification .

2- Final evaluation : the program has been put into experiment in its final

form on the research sample That consisted of twenty learners of the instructional technology specialists in Menoufia Governorate according to the following steps : - Being ready for experiment through : - Getting the necessary Licenses to Carry out the Program . - Providing the abilities ( sets , programs and instructional technology materials necessary for Carrying out the items of the training program system in the multimedia labs and the internet in the T.D.C In Menoufia -

Applying the Suggested Training Program in the light following steps : - the pre - applying of the measurement tools (the achievement test – label for performance observation and the attitudes measurement ). - Carrying out the training program on the main research sample . - The post application of the measurement tools .

Fourth : - Measuring the effectiveness of the general program through counting the proportion of the modified profit for Black in the three subordinated variables(achievement ,practical performance and attitudes). - Measuring the effectiveness of every modules of the program. Fifth : Explaining the results in the light of the used statistical items. These research has come to some results that appears in the following points: - Accepting the first proposition that stated the effectiveness of the suggested training programme in the affective , skills and cognitive aspects of learning that proves the effectiveness of every module of the suggested training programme in developing the affective, skills and cognitive aspects of learning of the electronic educational communication . - Accepting the second proposition that stated the presence of statistical references at the level of ( 0.05) between the average of the degrees of the research group in the pre and post application of the test of the cognitive achievement in the skills of the electronic educational communication . This proves the effectiveness of the suggested training programme in developing the cognitive aspect of the skills of the electronic educational communication for the specialists of instructional technology . - The effectiveness of the suggested training program to develop the cognitive aspect of the skills of the electronic educational communication For the specialists of the educational technology. - Accepting the third proposition that stated the presence of statistical differences at the level of (0.05) between the he average of the degrees of the research group in the pre and post application of the practical performance label of the electronic learning communication . - This proves the effectiveness of the suggested programme in developing the performance aspect of the skills of the electronic educational communication for the specialists of instructional technology .

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Accepting the fourth proposition of the research that stated the presence of the statistical differences at the level of (0.05) between the average of the degrees of the research group in the pre and post application of the attitudes measurement toward the electronic educational communication skills . This proves the effectiveness of the suggested programme in developing the attitudes of the specialists of the instructional technology toward employing the skills of the electronic educational communication .

Recommendation & Suggestions : First - the recommendations : In the light of the previous results ,the following recommendations can be presented : 1. The necessity of planning and preparing specialists of the training program during the service of the instructional technology specialists in the light of the actual needs of them through getting their opinions in the skills that they see important for their training. 2. Getting benefit of this program and trying to let it reach all the specialists of the educational technology. 3. Getting benefit of the special evaluation tools in this research(the achievement test- observation labels-attitudes measurement) in evaluating the performance of the instructional technology specialists during service. 4. Balancing the theoretical and the practical aspects in the program of training the specialists of the instructional technology during service. 5. The necessity of the continuous presentation of the training programs that develop the skills of the specialists of the instructional technology in the field `according to what is new of the modern innovation. 6. The necessity of using the educational modules as one of the styles of the selflearning when training the specialists of the instructional technology . 7. Caring for preparing the specialists of the instructional technology during the academic preparation and the practical education. 8. For the importance of the skills of the electronic educational communication for the specialists of the instructional technology and for the results that the current program has achieved ,the researcher recommend to apply the program on a larger sample of the specialists of the educational technology. 9. Spreading the awareness of the importance of employing the electronic educational communication skills for different learners in education stages before the university. Secondly : The suggestions : In the light of the results of the Current research , the researcher Should display some subjects that require more future study : 1. Making evaluation study about employing the electronic educational communication skills in the pre- university education. 2. The effectiveness of a similar training program to train on some skills of the other electronic communication that were not mentioned in the current study. 3. Making a similar study to develop the electronic educational communication skills for the students of the special needs.

4. Studying the attitudes of the teachers toward using and employing the educational communication skills according to their specifications. 5. . Studying the effectiveness of distance training to employ the electronic educational communication skills in education.

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