Light Up The World (pakistan)

Special Message The ability of the conventional electrical grid system in Pakistan to cover all urban and rural settlements and reach as close as possible to 100% of the population has to be estimated with reference to the projections of our population growth rate which estimate Pakistan moving from being the 7th most populous country (at about 140 million) to becoming the fourth largest (at about 340 million) in the next 40 years. Even at optimal levels of efficiency, this poses a formidable task. Thus, the remarkable technology developed by Light Up The World Foundation under the creative and compassionate leadership of Dr. David Irvine Halliday with features such as ultra low power consumption, long life, safety and reliability as also its environment-friendly nature provides an excellent low cost approach to being able to cover the entire population of Pakistan, present and future, with crucially needed illumination. The initiative and single minded focus with which Ahmed Nasrullah Khan, Kamal K. Jabbar, Zubair Kazmi and Temur Hassan are organising the introduction of this potential revolution becomes a model for long needed ventures in community development and social enterprise. I wish them all success in their vital endeavor to bring the light of learning and earning to tens of millions of poor and disadvantaged people.

Javed Jabbar Founding President, Baanhn Beli & Former Minister & Senator

foundation Solid State Lighting In the Developing World

School Children at Mubarak Village (Pakistan) holding LUTW lamps

The only people who think that the provision of electricity is not a priority in poverty alleviation are those who have never been without it. In fact, there is no single change in living conditions which is more beneficial than the arrival of electricity – yet 1.7 billion people on our planet are without it. Renewable technologies, in particular offer huge opportunities to reduce that figure. We have to think small as well as big. For millions all over the world, linkage to a grid will be a possibility but local generation using the most appropriate available technologies is equally important…Access to energy underpins the three pillars of sustainable development: economic growth, social development, and environmental protection.

Solid State Lighting for Human Development Introduction Light Up The World Foundation (LUTW) is the world leader in utilizing Solid State Lighting (SSL) technologies powered by renewable resources to enhance the quality of life of the poor in the developing world. LUTW Foundation founded in 1997 by Dr. Dave Irvine-Halliday (Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Calgary, Canada.) is a humanitarian initiative whose chief goal is to assist poor villagers in the developing world obtain a useful, healthy, safe, reliable, rugged, affordable and environmentally friendly White Light Emitting Diode (WLED) based form of home lighting. LUTW installs efficient white LED lighting with low power consumption, using batteries that can be recharged by solar panels or other renewable energy power generating means. LUTW and its partners in cooperation with foreign governments will bring light to lives of millions of people. The cost effective solution provides many benefits including enhanced learning opportunities for children and women. Reduction in emissions by not burning environmentally hazardous fuel, through replacing present systems with LUTW Lighting Solutions provides both tangible and intangible benefits for years to come.

www.lutw.org

The Need for LED Lighting Systems

“a small solution a large problem”

The opportunities in the developing world to harness solid state technology are enormous. According to the World Bank, 24% of the urban population and 67% of the rural population in developing countries are without electricity today. 1/3 of the world’s population uses fuel based lighting. Even where there is electrification the costs are often well beyond the means of even the relatively well off. Solid state lighting allows for independent power production without the need to pay utility fees. Light Up The World (LUTW) provides low cost, long lasting, durable and environmentally friendly solid-state lighting solutions to people in need throughout the "developing world". LUTW is the only humanitarian organization globally active in using solid-state lighting to illuminate the lives of over 1.7 billion people without electricity.

The Founder of Light Up The World Dave Irvine-Haliday in Pico Power Nepal’s lab in Kathmandu. 2002 Rolex / Xavier Lecoultre

LUTW has demonstrated that the exceptionally low power consumption of WLED solid state lighting systems along with the simplicity of design and construction is ideally suited for the particular conditions that exist in the developing world. What is more, solid state lighting technology along with our processes is an ideal mechanism for community economic development. Solid state lighting can do far more than promote sustainable livelihoods and the provision of basic needs. LUTW 1-watt LED lamp

Benefits of LED Lighting Systems Ultra-low power consumption - use 5% of the energy of a regular incandescent bulb. This simple but revolutionary technology can light an entire rural village with less energy than that used by a single conventional 100-Watt light bulb. Our brightest WLED, the 1-Watt Luxeon, produces between 25-40 lumens with an optical efficiency (its ability to 'focus' the light required) far greater than either the incandescent or fluorescent bulbs.

Long Life (100,000 hrs) - with the lighting assembly correctly designed; a design life of 50,000 to 100,000 hours is realistic. This represents over 40 years @ 6 hours/ night. Maintenance requirements are drastically reduced, leading to a fundamental change in design. Life expectancy is unaffected by switching cycles and 100% output occurs with 10 nanoseconds.

Physically Robust - with no delicate glass or filaments, LEDs can withstand severe shock and vibration a common cause of premature failure with traditional light.

Reliable & Safe Lighting - fuel-based lighting is inefficient, expensive, dangerous and unhealthy. Burning kerosene and wood fires produces noxious fumes, and because many houses are unventilated, this poses a serious health hazard in the form of respiratory and eye problems.

Kerosene lamps cause fires - Fuel based lighting has more probability of causing fires, than all other forms of electric lighting. Kerosene oil is highly combustible, with a very low flash point. A cloth soaked with kerosene will be immediately engulfed in flames, and usually cannot be put out for 10 to 15 minutes or longer. Typically, the result is that victims receive extensive burns to all or part of their body. Worldwide, fires caused by kerosene lamps cause 3.5 million deaths annually and disfigure thousands of people.

Kerosene is expensive - In the developing world the cost of fuel-based lighting (kerosene) is estimated at US$50 Billion/year, or approximately $100 USD per household. This is on par with electrically lit houses globally. The high cost of kerosene in remote areas means that much of the family’s funds are spent on poor, unreliable lighting rather than food and clothing (An average Nepali rural family consumes 51 litres of Kerosene a year for light alone). The cost of ($/lumen/Hour) kerosene lighting is 325-times higher than incandescent bulb, and 1625times higher than compact fluorescent lighting.

Educational Benefits - LUTW’s primary reason for lighting up homes and villages is to promote literacy and education. Illiteracy is one of the root causes of poverty. In many regions of the world, children must work and cannot access education during the day. Most developing nations experience darkness by 6 pm all year long. The light from kerosene lamps and candles is often inadequate to properly read by. A 1-watt Luxeon lamp provides enough light for a child to learn to read by.

Environmentally Friendly - Disposing of a fluorescent tube properly now costs more than buying a new tube. WLEDs, unlike fluorescent and other discharge tubes, do not contain mercury. They are thus safer to manufacture and are free from endof-life problems.

Denuding the landscape - When families can’t afford kerosene, or it is unavailable,

Children studying by WLED lamp. Jumla, Nepal

they rely on wood burning fires to light the home. Denuding the landscape in search of wood fuel for lighting is recognized as a primary environmental problem in the developing world and is responsible for habitat loss, mudslides, loss of forest production, soil erosion and water pollution.

Fuel – Based Lighting Kerosene Lamps The energy sources of the poor are inefficient, polluting and unhealthy. Per unit of emitted light or heat, the poor pay higher prices than the rich, including the time they spend obtaining or collecting fuel. Kerosene lamps convert less than 1 percent of their energy to light.

Air Pollution Kerosene lamps cause local and indoor air pollution - a nasty mix of particulates, carbon monoxide and carcinogenic gases. (World Health Organisation) Smoke from kerosene lamps is responsible for respiratory infections, lung and throat cancers, serious eye infections, cataracts as well as low birth weights. Acute respiratory infections like influenza and pneumonia kill nearly 2 million children in developing nations each year, more than the annual number of all deaths at all ages from all causes in the European Union. (SELF Newsletter 2002) The World Bank estimates that 780 million women and children breathing kerosene fumes inhale the equivalent of smoke from 2 packs of cigarettes a day. Shockingly, two-thirds of adult female lung-cancer victims in developing nations are non-smokers. (SELF Newsletter 2002)

Fire Dangers

The burning of firewood is used for both cooking and lighting in 1/3 of the world. This photo is an example of the Interior of a dwelling in Nepal

Kerosene and candles cause countless fire catastrophes every year. Thousands die from fire-related burns worldwide, and 96% of these fatalities occur in developing countries. In India alone, 2.5 million people (350,000 of them children) suffer severe burns each year, primarily due to overturned kerosene lamps. Each year, many homes burn to the ground when a lamp is toppled. (SELF Newsletter)

Barrier to Education and Production Light from Kerosene lamps is poor and inefficient (only 2 to 4 lumens compared to a 60-watt bulb-900 lumens). Poor lighting affects literacy and education. The light from the lamps is so poor that children can only see their school books if they are almost on top of the flame, directly inhaling even more of the toxic smoke. Proper lighting can enhance the development process by enabling people to be more productive after the sun goes down. (SELF Newsletter)

Cost of Kerosene Thanks to low lamp efficiencies, lighting expenditures rival those seen by affluent households who enjoy the vastly higher levels of quality, safety, and services provided by electric light. Kerosene is far more expensive than electric lighting. Cost of useful lighting energy services ($/lumen hour of light) for kerosene lighting is 325-times higher than “inefficient” incandescent bulb, and 1625-times higher than compact-fluorescent lighting. (Evan Mills, 1999) Annual light consumption of un-electrified household (about 12000 lumen-hours) = light produced by a 100-watt incandescent bulb in 10 hours. Within developing countries, national fuel-based lighting energy use can be on a par with that for electric lighting. One study noted that kerosene accounted for nearly 60% of the total energy requirement for lighting in India’s household sector in 1986. (Evan Mills, 2002) Kerosene is the most common type of fuel-based lighting. If we assume an un-electrified population of 2 billion (30 % of the world's population) owns one lamp per six people/household. (In some cases one lamp is used throughout the night for security purposes) One lamp consumes 0.04 to 0.06 litres per hour, and the daily usage at three to four hours. 1 litre of kerosene per week x $1.00 USD= $52.00 USD/year 96 billion litres of kerosene/year at a cost of $ 96 billion USD/year – is the estimated cost of kerosene in developing world. (assuming kerosene $1.00 USD/litre). In comparison, the total energy use (all sectors and fuels) in Austria, Sweden and in the UK is estimated at 38 billion litres. (Evan Mills, 2002) The poor pay higher unit prices for energy in small amounts: items such as batteries, battery recharging, candles, kerosene and charcoal. A survey in Uganda showed that rural and urban families spend over $10 per month on candles, lighting, kerosene, dry cell batteries and recharging car batteries. More households in the country derive electricity from car batteries than are connected to the public power grid. (Evan Mills, 2002) The escalating costs of providing energy drain money away from food, health services, housing, and other basic needs in poor countries. Oil import dependency is generally high in developing countries, and it drains valuable hard currency. Governments must often provide large subsidies to consumers. Subsidized kerosene intended for domestic lighting sometimes finds its way into vehicles, which creates additional environmental consequences. (Evan Mills, 2002) As much as 90% of the export earnings of some developing countries are used to pay for imported oil, most of it for power generation. Capital saved by not building additional large power plants can be used for investment in health, education, economic development, and industry. (SELF newsletter, 2002)

LUTW Lighting Systems Full life economics of the entire lighting system must be taken into account when comparing Solid State Lighting (SSL) to Incandescent/Fluorescent lighting. This includes the costs for energy, spare parts, maintenance, safety etc. and of course the environmental impact.

LUTW package includes: • Two 1 watt Luxeon WLED lamps (life expectancy up to 40 years) • One solar powered electrical generator • One battery (life expectancy - 5 years) • One control circuit • Necessary wiring LUTW will provide user manuals, training materials, reference designs and other product materials. One-Time Cost of LUTW Lighting System (U.S. $80 - $85)

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Millions of people in remote areas of Pakistan have no electric lighting, a commodity we take for granted. Poor lighting in homes using kerosene lamps hinders children’s learning, affects family health and limits opportunities for a better life. A study in Pakistan showed that nearly 90% of poor households rely on biomass fuels for cooking and the majority use kerosene rather than electricity for lighting. (United Nations Population Fund 2002) The state of affairs concerning fuel-based lighting is worrisome. Oil import dependency is generally high in developing countries such as ours, and it drains valuable hard currency. By virtue of its inefficiency, fuel-based light is hard to work or read by, imposes a high cost on very poor households and seriously compromises indoor air quality. Women are typically saddled with the burden of obtaining kerosene, which often involves walking long distances. Meanwhile, electrification has its own problems, not the least of which is the extraordinary cost of electricity transmission and distribution costs coupled with the high capital costs and low system efficiencies associated with providing centralized power generation in such conditions. The light Up The World Foundation (LUTW) is the first humanitarian organization to introduce the liberating technology of solid state lighting to homes in the developing world and continues to be the only one globally active in spearheading efforts to introduce solid state lighting to those most in need. LUTW is dedicated to providing affordable ultra-efficient lighting to poor rural villagers who rely on unhealthy and polluting kerosene lamps or wood fires for light when night falls and have little hope of ever being connected to the electrical grid. The simple but revolutionary technology supplied to homes by LUTW can light an entire rural village with less energy than that used by a single, conventional, 100-watt light bulb. LUTW (Pakistan) can play its part in easing the daily struggle of rural villagers and help raise the level of education, health and prosperity throughout the country. Let us together, bring light to the rural villages of Pakistan. LUTW (Pakistan) is dependent on your valuable donations. If you would like to support our efforts to provide low cost, long lasting, durable and environmentally friendly solid-state lighting solutions to the millions of Pakistanis without access to grid-based electricity then make a contribution today. Each LUTW affiliate retains its own domestic financial basis and is accountable for its expenditure within an increasingly coordinated framework. An overview of our expenditures, statements of financial activity together with audited accounts will be published at towards the end of our first fiscal year. Your donations will be subject to exemption under the Income Tax Ordinance, 1979. As a supporter of LUTW (Pakistan) you'll receive our quarterly newsletter and frequent updates on our projects in Pakistan. Our account information is as follows: A/C # 0103238 United Bank Limited, I.I. Chundrigar Road, Karachi, Pakistan

Office Bearers of LUTW (Pakistan) Ahmed Nasrullah Khan

Kamal K. Jabbar

Temur Hassan

Zubair Kazmi

Chairman

Vice Chairman

Treasurer

General Secretary

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305, Muhammadi House, I.I. Chundrigar Road, Karachi - Pakistan. Tel : 92-21-2411260, 2416051, 2424598 Fax : 92-21-2419604, 5861706 E-mail : [email protected] www.lutwpakistan.org

Accidentally overturned homemade kerosene wick lamps cause disfiguring burns or even death to thousands of people each year. Kerosene is a highly inflammable liquid that when spilt, easily ignites, and is very difficult to extinguish. According to Lawrence-Berkley National Labs, the single-greatest way to reduce the greenhouse-gas emissions associated with lighting energy use in developing countries is to replace millions of kerosene lamps with white LED lighting systems. A standard fluorescent lamp contains approximately 20 milligrams of mercury. The cost of properly disposing of fluorescent lamps is often more costly than the cost of manufacturing the tube. Light Up The World can light an entire village with the power of one 100 Watt bulb.