L4, 1.3 Independent & Dependent Clauses

Pages 162-164

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A clause is a group of words that have a minimum of one subject and one verb.

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ecology is a science because I am hungry if you want to we go swimming

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Independent Clauses  

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S + V [+ O] Expresses a complete thought

The sun rose. Coffee is good in the morning. Eight A.M. is too early! Computers make life easier.

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Dependent Clause 

Begins with a subordinator, such as When  While  If  That  Who  After  Although  Because 

Also called a sentence fragment  Incomplete sentence  Does not express a complete thought  MUST begin with a subordinator 

although I had breakfast  unless you pay for classes  who I met yesterday at orientation  whenever she eats chocolate  until I buy a car  as soon as he finds his keys 

I will go to the grocery as soon as I find my keys.  Before seven o’clock every morning, Khalid runs two miles.  The EELI teachers always have meetings so that they can talk about grades.  Because the dog bites, the family returned it to the store. 

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3. Jet lag affects most long-distance travelers 

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4. Which is simply the urge to sleep at inappropriate times 

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Independent

Dependent

5. During long journeys through several time zones, the body’s inner clock is disrupted

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7. Also, changes in work schedules can cause jet lag 

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Independent

9. Although there is no sure way to prevent jet lag 

Dependent

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Pages 292-95

Using the charts on pages 292-95, write 15 sentences.  Each sentence must use a different subordinating word.  Vary the order 

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Dependent  Independent Independent  Dependent

Read/Review 164-75  Tomorrow’s discussion: 

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Sentence Types Simple Sentences  Compound Sentences  Complex Sentences  Compound-Complex Sentences 