FILUM HEMIKORDATA DAN FILUM UROKORDATA
KUNCI IDENTIFIKASI
Disusun Untuk Memenuhi Tugas Matakuliah Keanekaragaman Hewan (KH) yang dibimbing oleh Ibu Dr. Sri Endah Indriwati, M. Pd
disusun oleh: S1 Pendidikan Biologi/ Offering B Femi Mega Lestari
170341615098
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM JURUSAN BIOLOGI September 2018
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Filum Hemikordata vs Urokordata 1. Habitat a. Laut dalam.............................................................................................(2a) b. Laut dangkal..........................................................................................(2b) 2. Ukuran tubuh a. 2-5 cm....................................................................................................(3a) b. 5-9 cm....................................................................................................(3b) 3. Dinding tubuh a. Tidak transparan.....................................................................................(4a) b. Transparan..............................................................................................(4b) 4. Warna tubuh a. Abu – abu kemerahan............................................................................(5a) b. Pink........................................................................................................(5b) 5. Struktur tubuh a. Lunak.....................................................................................................(6a) b. Keras......................................................................................................(6b) 6. Penyusun dinding tubuh a. Lapisan epidermis dan sel sensoris........................................................(7a) b. Otot anuler dan longitudinal..................................................................(7b) 7. Cara hidup a. Menetap di dalam pasir..........................................................................(8a) b. Sesil, berenang bebas.............................................................................(8b) 8. Alat reproduksi a. Terpisah..................................................................................................(9a) b. Hemaprodit............................................................................................(9b) 9. Notokord a. Hanya pada bagian anterior tubuh.........................................................(10a) b. Hanya pada fase larva............................................................................(10b) 10. Penyebaran a. Lautan Pasifik Amerika Utara dan California........................................ Hemikordata b. Daerah kutub sampai daerah tropis........................................................Urokordata
Hemikordata : 1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a,7a,8a,9a,10a Urokordata : 1b,2b,3b,4b,5b,6b,7b,8b,9b,10b
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Filum Hemikordata 1. Keberadaan a. Ada.........................................................................................................(2a) b. Punah.....................................................................................................(2b) 2. Cara hidup a. Soliter.....................................................................................................(3a) b. Zooid......................................................................................................(3b) 3. Bagian tubuh a. Proboscis,kolar,dan truncus...................................................................(4) b. Tidak diketahui......................................................................................Graptolia 4. Jumlah gonad a. Sedikit/ beberapa....................................................................................(5) b. Satu...............................................................................................Plancthosphaeroidea 5. Jumlah tentakel a. Tidak ada................................................................................................(6a) b. 4-6 lengan..............................................................................................(6b) 6. Saluran pencernaan a. Lurus dengan ujung terminal.................................................................Enteropneusta b. Berbentuk U...........................................................................................Pterobranchia
Graptolia : 1b,2b,3b Plancthosphaeroidea :1a,2a,3a,4b Enteropneusta :1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a Pterobranchia : 1a,2a,3a,4a, 5b,6b
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Filum Urokordata 1. Fase hidup a. Tidak membentuk fase dewasa..............................................................(2a) b. Membentuk fase dewasa........................................................................(2b) 2. Metamorphosis a. Tidak mengalami...................................................................................(3a) b. Mengalami.............................................................................................(3b) 3. Cangkok a. Temporer................................................................................................(4a) b. Permanen...............................................................................................(4b) 4. Celah insang a. Satu pasang............................................................................................(5a) b. Banyak...................................................................................................(5b) 5. Cara hidup a. Soliter.....................................................................................................(6a) b. Soliter dan koloni...................................................................................(6b) 6. Reproduksi a. Seksual...................................................................................................Larvacea b. Seksual dan aseksual..............................................................................(7) 7. Pergerakan a. Menempel pada substrata atau bergerak bebas......................................(8a) b. Bergerak bebas di lautan........................................................................(8b) 8. Bentuk tubuh a. Tabung panjang......................................................................................(9a) b. Tabung pendek.......................................................................................(9b) 9. Atrium a. Tidak memiliki.......................................................................................Ascidiacea b. Memiliki.................................................................................................Thaliacea
Larvacea : 1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a Ascidiacea : 1b,2b,3b,4b,5b,6b,7a,8a,9a Thaliacea : 1b,2b,3b,4b,5b,6b,7b,8b,9b
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Kelas Pterobranchia 1. Cara hidup a. Soliter atau hidup di tempat mengandung gelatin.................................(2a) b. Berkoloni...............................................................................................(2b) 2. Celah insang a. Dua celah insang....................................................................................(3a) b. Ada celah insang....................................................................................(3b) 3. Gonad a. Satu pasang gonad.................................................................................(4a) b. Satu buah gonad.....................................................................................(4b) 4. Tentakel a. 4-6 lengan................................................................................Ordo Cephalodiscida b. Satu pasang lengan..................................................................Ordo Rhabdopleurida
Ordo Cephalodiscida : 1a,2a,3a,4a Ordo Rhabdopleurida : 1b,2b,3b,4b
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Kelas Ascidiacea 1. Bentuk tubuh a. Soliter.....................................................................................................(2a) b. Koloni....................................................................................................(2b) 2. Bahan penyusun cangkok a. Tunisin...................................................................................................(3a) b. Gelatin ...................................................................................................(3b) 3. Letak aperture dan atrial a. pada sisi lateral, dengan arah berlawanan....................................Ascidiae Simplices b. terbuka kearah kloaka............................................................................(3) 4. Cangkok a. Synascidae.............................................................................................(4a) b. Transparan..............................................................................................(4b) 5. Perkembang biakan a. Pembentukan tunas....................................................................Ascidiae Compositae b. Tidak membentuk tunas ..............................................................Ascidiae Luciae
Ascidiae Simplices : 1a,2a,3a Ascidiae Compositae : 1b,2b,3b,4a,5a Ascidiae Luciae : 1b,2b,3b,4b,5b
Kunci Identifikasi Perbedaan Kelas Thaliacea 1. Habitat a. Laut bersuhu panas / sedang..................................................................(2a) b. Pantai / air dengan kedalaman 4500 kaki..............................................(2b) 2. Larva a. Memiliki ekor........................................................................................(3a) b. Tidak memiliki ekor...............................................................................(3b) 3. Sabuk otot a. Mengelilingi tubuh.................................................................................(4a) b. Di bagian ventral....................................................................................(4b) 4. Cangkok a. Tidak mengalami penebalan..................................................................(5a) b. Transparan..............................................................................................(5b) 5. Benyuk tubuh a. Tong kecil...............................................................................................(6a) b. Silindris / prisma....................................................................................(6b) 6. Reproduksi a. Hemaprodit............................................................................................(7a) b. Seksual dan aseksual..............................................................................(7b) 7. Pita otot a. Lengkap.................................................................................................(8a) b. Tidak lengkap.........................................................................................(8b) 8. Celah insang a. Banyak dan pendek...............................................................Cyclomyaria (doliolida) b. Satu lubang besar.......................................................................Hemimyaria (salpida)
Cyclomyaria (doliolida): 1a,2a,3a,4a,5a,6a,7a,8a Hemimyaria (salpida) : 1b,2b,3b,4b,5b,6b,7b,8b