Keraleeyamtcr - Tourism Issue

ap\n-kn∏¬ am¿°‰v _n¬UnwKv, sIm°mse, Xriq¿-˛21 e°w 3 ]pkvXIw 10 2008 am¿®v 1183 Ipw`w-˛ao\w t]Pv 40 hne 20 cq]

e°w 128 ○

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D≈-S°w ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

"DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-k'-sa∂ ]pXnb hn]-W-\-X{¥w! kptajv awK-e-t»cn

D-Ø-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw amcm-cn-°p-fsØ Sqdnkw Itø-‰-߃ kPo¿ A_vZpƒ dlvam≥

2

Ct°m Sqdnkw Fw.-F≥. ]ntb-gvk¨ 9-12

A`n-apJw

13-14

Imb-ep-If - n¬ sI´p-h≈ `ojWn

BtcmKy Sqdnkw tIc-fobw hm¿Øm-irw-Je \nJne Fw. hnPbv

24-29

amKvfn≥ ]o‰¿/amb Fkv.-]n. 30-32

tIcf Sqdnkw BIvSv CtIz-j≥kv

5

15-18

33-34

tXmSp-I-fn-eqsS Xpg-bp-tºmƒ {Ko≥ apJy\pw Sqdn-khpw ]n.-F≥. thWp-tKm-]m¬ sI.-B¿. cRvPnØv

19-20

skIvkv Sqdnkw Intjm¿/sF.-tKm-]n-\mYv

kv{XoIfpw Sqdn-khpw kcq]v tdmbv

21-23

35-36 37-38

ka-c-ß-fneqsS Ipº-f-ß-bnse Imb¬ \nI-ج Cu e°w km[y-am-°m≥ klm-bn®- X n\v tUm. Sn.- S n. {ioIp- a m¿, kptajv awK-e-t»-cn, kcq]v tdmbv... \μn.

39 40

{]nb hmb-\-°m-tcmSv, tIc- f obw CØ- h W Sqdnkw {]tXyI ]Xn-∏m-b-Xn\m¬ Nne ÿncw ]w‡nIfpw XpS¿ teJ- \ - ß fpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ km[n-°p∂n-√. £an-°p-a-t√m? kmº- Ø nI {]bm- k ߃ XpS- c p- I - b m- W v . t]Pv Ipd-®v, NnehpIƒ Npcp-°m≥ R߃ {ian-°p-∂p. hmb-\°m-cp-tSbpw kplr-Øp-°-fpsSbpw AI-a-gn™ ]n¥pW hcn-kw-Jy-bmbpw kw`m-h-\bmbpw hm¿Ø-Ifpw hnti-jß-fp-ambpw AXym-hiyw. ]{Xm-[n-]¿ Sqdn-ksØ hna¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ www.keralatourismwatch.org

]{Xm-[n-]¿ : {]tam-Zv; tIm∏n FUn-‰¿ : Fkv. ic-Xv, GtIm-]\w : tdm_n≥, ssS∏v sk‰nßv : aukv&ssa‚ vkv, Ih¿ : t_°¬ tIm´, kmt¶-XnI klmbw : F≥.N{μ≥, ]n.-F.Atim-I≥, ]n.-Sn.-Fw.lpssk≥, tUm.t__n F.-F., hn.-Fw.KncnP, jo_ Aao¿, tXmakv, APn-em¬, a[p-cm-Pv, F≥.-]n. tPm¨k¨, Nn‰q¿ j◊p-JZ- m-kv, hn.-Fk - v. Knco-i≥, d^oJv Al-ΩZv, Fkv. ena, kn.-B¿. \oe-IW - vT≥, sI.-F. ka-Zv, Fkv. kp\n¬Ip-am¿, AUz. Bi, taL, tUm. eX, sI.-Fk - v. kp_n-Zv, cta-jv, Pb-{]-Imiv, A\n-h¿ Achn-μv, {io\n-hm-k≥ Nqc-°m-´p-Ic, Fw. taml≥Zm-kv, tUm. Fw.-F® - v. Ceymkv, d^oJv ssh∏n-∏m-SØ - v. ]n. kpμ¿cmPv, {]Im-iv, kpP, tUm.]n.- F - k v . DÆn- I r- j v W ≥, lcn ]mºq¿, sPbn≥ kndn- b - I v , s{]m^. Ipkpaw, tPmkv , {ioP, sI.- P n.- F - k v .

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HutZym-KnI `mjyw 2008 am¿®v 21 apX¬ 24 hsc sIm®n-bn¬ \S-°p∂ c≠m-aXv A¥m-cmjv{S DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ-f-\-sØ°p-dn®v A[n-Ir-X¿°v ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv

F¥mWv DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw? Xt±- i n- b ¿°v sa®- s ∏´ PohnX kml- N - c y- ß ƒ \¬Ins°m≠v hnt\m-Z-k-©m-cn-Iƒ°v anI® k©mc km[y-XI - s - fm-cp-°p∂-XmWv DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-kw. 1996 emWv Cu hm°v BZy-ambn cq]-s∏Sp-∂s - X¶nepw 2002 se tI]vSu¨ {]Jym-]\ - Ø - n-\p-ti-ja - mWv DØ-chm-ZnØ Sqdnkw AXns‚ e£yßfpw kao-]-\-ß-tfmSpw IqSnb Hcp LS-\b - n-te-s°-Øn-bX - .v sFIycmjv{S k`-bpsS `mKamb temI Sqdnkw kwL-S\ (UNWTO) bmWv ASp-ØnsS DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-kØ - n\p≈ BtKm-fs - ]-cp-am‰ N´-ßfpw {Iao-Ic - W - ß - f - p-ap-≠m-Ip-∂X - .v Sqdnkw kaq-l-Øn-\pw, kmº-ØnI ]mcnÿn-XnI hyh-ÿbv°pw D≠m-°p∂ henb BLm-X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®-dn-bpIbpw AXn¬°p-db - ° v p∂ {ia-߃ \S-Øp-Ib - p-amWv DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂X - .v {]mtZ-inI P\-Xbv°pw, BXntYb kaq-lØ - n\pw IqSp-X¬ sa®s∏´ kmº- Ø nI t\´- ß fpw sFizcy kar-≤nbpw CXp-≠m-°p∂p- ≠ v . {]Ir- X n- ˛ - k mw- k v I m- c nI ss]Xr-Iß - f - psS kwc-£W - Ø - n\pw temI-Ønse \m\m-Xz-ßsf \ne\n¿Øp-∂X - n\pw th≠n icn-bmb Af-hn-ep≈ kw`m-h\ - I - ƒ DØ-ch - mZnØ Sqdnkw \¬Ipw. DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw {][m-\ambpw aq∂v Xc-Øn-ep≈ DØ-ch - mZn-Øß - ƒ°mWv Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂Xv. kmº-ØnI DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øw, kmaq-lnI DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øw, ]mcnÿn-XnI DØ-c-hm-ZnØw. CXn¬ apJy-{]m-[m\yw kmº-ØnI DØ-chm- Z n- Ø - Ø n- \ mWv \¬Ip- ∂ - X v . tlm´-ep-Ifpw Sqdnkw GP‚p-amcpw {]mtZ-inI hn`-hß - ƒ ]c-am-h[n D]tbm-Kn-s®-¶n¬ am{Xsa Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn {]mtZinI kº-Øn\pw P\-Xbv°pw D]Im-cß - f - p-≠m-Ip-∂p-≈p. {]mtZ-in-Iamb hn\n-tbm-K-߃ Dd-∏mbpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. 2

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IuXpI/]ucm-WnI hkvXp-°ƒ {]mtZ-in-Ia - mbn kzcq-]n-°pI hgn sshIm-cn-I-amb _‘w cq]-s∏-SpØn-sb-Sp-°m≥ km[n-°pw.

ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ Dt±-i-e-£y-߃ ● 2002 apX¬ temI- Ø ns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ßf - n¬ {]mtZ-inI XeØn¬ tlm´-ep-If - p-sSbpw Sq¿ Hm∏td-‰¿am-cp-sSbpw t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S°p∂ DØ- c - h m- Z nØ Sqdnkw {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - psS hf¿® hne-bn-cpØp-I. ● DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-kØ - n-te°v \oßn- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂ tIc- f Øns‚ A\p-`h - ß - ƒ A¥m-cmjv{S Xe-Øn¬ ]¶p-hb - v°p-I. ● {]mtZ-inI hn`h hnI-k-\Øn\pw Zmcn{Zyw Ipd-bv°p∂Xn\pw Sqdn- k - Ø n- \ p≈ ]¶n- s \- ° p- d n®v N¿® sNøp-I. ● ]mcn-ÿn-XnI BLm-Xß - ƒ Sqdnkw hyh-km-bØ - n\v GsX√mw hn[- Ø n¬ Imcy- £ - a - a mbn ssIImcyw sNømw F∂v ]cn-tim[n-°p-I. ● GsX√mw hn[- Ø n- e mWv Sqdnkw kmaq-lnI hnI-k\ - Ø - n-\pw, {]mtZ-inI P\-Xbpw Sqdn-Ãp-Ifpw XΩn¬ \√-co-Xn-bn-ep≈ _‘w hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠ hgn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv F∂-Xns\-°p-dn®v N¿® sNøp-I.

Db¿∂ hcp- a m- \ hpw sXmgn¬ km≤y-X-Ifpw {]mtZ-inI kºZv hyh-ÿbv°v Cc-´n-®p-h-cp∂ XcØn¬ \¬Im≥ Sqdn-kØ - n\v Ignbpw. ]e-Xc - Ø - n-ep≈ kmº-ØnI tNm¿®- I sf XS- b m≥ DØ- c - h mZnØ Sqdn-kw-sIm≠v km[n-°pw. Xt±-io-bc - mb I¿j-Icpambp≈ _‘w i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Sqdnk-Øn-\m-hi - y-amb Nne {]mY-anI DXv]∂ - ß - ƒ ]®-°d - n, ap´, Cd-®n, a’yw, ]g-h¿§-߃ F∂nh Ahcn¬\n∂pw Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bpw. apf-bpw, Nqc-epw, NIn-cn\m-cpw, Xd-tbm-Spw, Ib-dp-sams° {]mtZ-inI-ambn kpe-`-amb ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Is≠Øn ho´p-]I - c - W - ß - ƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xn\pw taev°q-c-Iƒ ]Wn- b p- ∂ - X n- \ p- a p≈ klm- b I DXv]-∂-ß-fmbn ]cn-ÿn-Xn-˛-kulrZ kwhn-[m-\-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Ks∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bpw. {]mtZ-in-I-ambn Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v e`n-°p∂ A\p-`h - ß - s - fbpw DXv]∂-ß-fmbn I≠p-sIm≠v Sqdn-kØns‚ `mK-ambn AXns\ hnI-kn∏n-°m≥ Ign-bW - w. DZm-lc - W - Ø - n\v kpK- ‘ - h yRv P \ Sqdn- k w, a¨kq¨ Sqdn-kw, tXm´-hnf Sqdnkw, {KmaoW Sqdnkw XpS-ßn-bh - . sshZ-K≤ v y-am-hi - y-ap≈ sXmgn-epIƒ°pth≠n Xt±-io-bsc Sqdnkw hyh-km-bß - ƒ t\cn´v \nb-an-°W - w. Ae-¶m-cß - ƒ°pw kΩm-\ß - ƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p-ambn Ic-Iu-ie/ ○

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ktΩ-f\ - Ø - n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂h - ¿ ●

tZiob/Xt±-iob Sqdnkw t_m¿-Up-Iƒ tZiob/A¥¿tZ-iob Sqdnkw kwL-S\-Iƒ ● Sqdnkw ]T-\t- I-{μ-ßfpw/bqWnth-gvkn-‰n-Ifpw ● hnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-˛-]m-cnÿn-XnI {]kn-≤o-Ic- W - ß - ƒ ● Sq¿ Hm∏td-‰¿am¿ ● tlm´-ep-Iƒ ● Fb¿sse≥kv ● k©m-c-km-ln-Xy-Im-cpw, t^mt´m-{Km^¿amcpw ● ]cn-ÿnXn/{]IrXn {]h¿ØI¿ ● ]mcn-ÿn-XnI kpÿn-c/Sqdnkw taJ-eb - n¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ k¿°m-cn-Xc kwL-S\ - I - ƒ ● Xt±i hnI-k\ ÿm]\-ßfpw skmssk-‰n-Ifpw. ●

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2008

am¿®v

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]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn∏v

Sqdnkw {]iv\tam ]cn-lm-ctam?

4

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tIc-f-Øn¬, temI-Øm-sI Sqdnkw Hcp Xcw-K-ambn hym]n°p-I-bm-Wv. hnI-k\w CXp-hgn, am{X-sa∂v tIcf k¿°mcpw ]d-bp-∂p. \msa√mw k©m-cn-I-fmWv, ]e-Xcw bm{X-I-fn-eqsS. F∂m¬ Sqdnkv‰v F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ shdpw ImgvN-°m-c-√. Sqdnk hyhkmbw sXmgnepw hcp-am-\hpw hnI-k-\hpw D≠m-°p-sa∂pw C\n tIc-f-Øns‚ c£ CtX-bp-≈q-sh∂v ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w \m´nse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw hyh-km-bn-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂p. AXn-\mbn Xoc-tZ-ihpw ImSpw ]pg-Ifpw Imbepw Ip∂p-I-fp-sa√mw am‰s∏-Sp-∂p. BZn-hmkn, Zfn-Xv, ap°p-h, kv{Xo, ]nt∂m° hn`m-K߃ Hmc-ß-fn-te°v AXn-thKw am‰-s∏-Sp-∂p. DΔv, Xo¿®-bmbpw Sqdnkw hgn kºØpw hnI-k\ - h - p-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p-≠v. t\´-߃ am{Xambn Hcp hyh-km-b-hp-an-√. ]t£, temI-Øn-s‚bpw tIc-f-Øns‚bpw C∂sØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Ct∏mgsØ Sqdn-ksØ kq£va-ambn hni-I-e\w sNbvXv \mw Xs∂ Hcp [mc-W-bn-setØ- ≠ - X p- ≠ v . kzmX{¥yw, kaXzw.... Fs∂ms° kz]v \ w ImWp∂ kzbw- ` - c - W - Ø n\pw P\m- [ n- ] - X y- Ø n- e p- a p≈ Hcp cmjv{Sob kwhn-[m-\Ø - n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ Bflm-`n-am-\a - p≈ A¥t m-sS-bp≈ Pohn-X-am-{K-ln-°p∂ \ap°v Cu hnI-k\w \ne\nev]pw `mhnbpw kpÿn-cXbpw \evIp-∂pt≠m? tIm¿∏-td‰v cmjv{Sobw, Fßs\bpw em`-ap-≠m°n P\-Iob `c-W-Øn-\p-]-Icw, ASn-®-a¿Øn GXm\pw Nne¿°p-am{Xw t\´w sImøp∂ `oI-c-`-cWw hn\mi hnI-k-\-Øn-eqsS \S-∏m-°p∂ tIc-fob kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Sqdnk hyh-km-b-Øns‚ BLm-Xß-sf-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v km[m-c-W-°m¿ \Ωƒ Xs∂ Xncn-®-dn-bWw. ]cn-ÿnXn Sqdn-khpw DØ-c-hm-ZnXz Sqdn-khpw BtcmKy Sqdnkhpw˛C-ßs\ ]e t]cn¬ FØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ hº≥ ]≤Xn-Iƒ Xt±-io-b-cpsS FXn¿∏p-Isf XpS¿∂v ]pXnb ap{Zm-hmIy-ßfpw BI¿j-IX - z-hp-ambn \sΩ c£n-°p-Ib - mtWm? AtXm hf-™p-sh-bv°p-I-bmtWm? hn`-h-ß-fn¬\n∂pw D]-Po-h\ ]cn-k-c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw IS-]p-g°n-sb-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hnhn[ hn`m-K-߃ ]pXn-sbmcp Xncn-®-dn-hnte°v cmjv{So-bsØ \n¿Δ-Nn-°p∂ ]cn-k-c-Øn-emWv \ΩpsS Pohn-Xw. em`hpw sXmgnepw hcp-am\ h¿≤-\hpw Fs∂ms° ]d™v F¥v ]≤Xn-Iƒ h∂mepw Ccp Iøpw \o´n kzoI-cn°m≥ ]‰mØ Zpc-¥-`q-an-bmbn AXn-teme tIcfw amdptºmƒ Sqdnkw taJ-esb ka-Nn-Ø-X-tbmsS hne-bn-cp-Øm-\m-bp≈ BapJambn Cu e°w tIc-fo-bw. CXn¬ ]cn-ÿnXn kwkvImcw, kmaq-ln-Iw, kmº-Øn-Iw, Fs∂m-s°-bp≈ taJ-e-I-fn¬\n∂v hni-I-e\w XpS-ßp-∂p-≠v. tIc-fo-b-cp-sS Kuc-h-amb At\z-jW-Øn¬ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[\ sshImsX D≠m-Ipsa∂v Bin-°p-∂p. ○

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2008

am¿®v

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\ne-]mSv

"DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdn-k-'sa∂ ]pXnb hn]-W-\-X-{¥w! kptajv awK-et- »cn

Sqdnkw cwKØv Ign™ GXm\pw Zi-Iß - f - mbn ]e Xc-Ønep≈ {]tbm-Kß - fpw tI´v ioen-®h-cmWv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ. Ct°m Sqdnkw, kpÿnc Sqdnkw (Sustainable Tourism) C-ßs\ ]e Xc-Øn¬ Zpcp-]t- bmKw sNø-s∏´ Ipsd Bib- ß ƒ°p- t ijw Ign™ Hcp h¿j-ambn ae-bmfn tI´p hcp∂ Hcp ]pXnb ]Z-amWv "DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw' (Responsible Tourism). Sqdnkw hIp-∏ns‚ F√m tcJ-If - nepw, ]c-ky- ß - f - n-epw, {]kvXm-h\ - I - fn-epw, ]{X-ßf - n-ep-sams° tIcfw DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw tI{μ-ambn amdp-∂X - ns‚ hm¿Ø-If - mWv \nd-bp∂-X.v F∂m¬ tIc-fØ - n¬ C∂v \nehn-en-cn-°p∂ Sqdnkw {]h¿Ø-\߃ {i≤n-°p∂ Hcmƒ°v "DØchmZnØ Sqdnkw' F∂ Bi-bhpw Zpcp]-tbmKw sNø-s∏-Sp∂Xmbn-´mWv ImWm≥ km[n-°pI.

tIcf Sqdn-kØ - n¬ C∂v \S- ° p∂ A\m- t cm- K y {]h-W-X-Iƒ ad-®p-sh®v "ssZh- Ø ns‚ kz¥w \mSns‚' \jv S - s ∏´p sIm≠n- c n- ° p∂ CtaPv Xncn®p ]nSn-°m-\p≈ {iaamWv Cu DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ-f-\-Øn-eqsSbpw DØ-ch - m-Zn-Ø Sqdnk-Øn-eq-sSbpw Sqdnkw hIp∏pw h≥InS Sqdnkw hy-h-km-bn-Ifpw tN¿∂v \S- Ø p- ∂ - s X∂v ]I¬ t]mse hy-‡a - m-Wv.

DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw (Responsible Tourism)

1996 emWv DØ- c - h m- Z nØ Sqdnkw F∂ Bibw BZ-ya - mbn cq]-s∏´p hcp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Hcp Bi-b-sa∂ Xc-Øn¬ AXns‚ Dt±-iy- ß - fpw e£-yß - fpw a‰pw cq]s∏- S p- Ø n- s b- S p- ° p- ∂ Xv 2002- ˛ ¬ Z£n-Wm-{^n-°b - nse tI]vSu-Wn¬ \S∂ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ2008 am¿®v ○

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DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw tIc-f-Øn¬ tIc-fØ - n¬ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnk- h p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´v Ign- ™ h¿jw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØp \S∂ c≠v Znh-ksØ inev]i - m-eb - n-eq-sSbmWv CØcw {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn-°p-∂X - v. Cu inev]im- e - ° p- t ijw kwÿm\ XeØn¬ Hcp DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw IΩn‰n (State Level Responsible Tourism Committee) cq]o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw CXn-\p-tijw Ipa-c-Iw, tImh-fw, hb-\m-Sv, tX°Sn F∂n-ßs\ 4 Sqdnkw tI{μ-ßsf {]mY-anI L´Øn¬ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw \S-∏nem-°p-∂X - n\v Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbv X p. tIcf Sqdnkw sh_vssk‰v ]d-bp-∂Xp {]Imcw Cu {]tZ-iß - f - n¬ {]mtZ-inI Xe DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw IΩn-‰nbpw

f-\a - m-W.v DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw Sqdnk-Øns‚ kmº-Øn-Ih - pw, ]mcn-ÿnXn-Ih - pw, kmaq-ln-Ih - p-amb {]X-ymLm- X - ß sf ]c- a mh[n Ipd°psa∂pw IqSmsX Sqdn- k Øns‚ KpW-^-e-߃ ]c-am-h[n Xt±-io-bc - mb P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ°v e`y-am°pw F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. am{X-a√ ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-Ih - pw, kmwkvIm-cn-Ih - pamb ss]Xr-Iß - sf kwc-£n-°m\p-XIp∂ H∂m-bn-cn°pw CsX∂pw Ah-Im-is - ∏Sp∂p.

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(Destination Level Responsible Tourism Committee) cq]o-I-cn®p Ign™p.

Sqdnkw hnI-k\ - Ø - n¬ ]¶m-fnØ Bkq-{XWw Dd∏p hcp-Øp-Ibpw kpXm-c-yX sIm≠p-h-cn-I-bp-sams°bmWv Cu IΩn-‰n-bpsS e£-yambn Db¿Øn-°m-´p-∂X - v. F∂m¬ Cu {]h¿Ø-\ß - s - fm∂pw-Xs∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ Sqdnkw hnI-k\w sIm≠p-≠m-Ip∂ ASnÿm\ {]iv\ß - sf A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n°p-Itbm ]cn-lmc am¿§-߃°v ○

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5

{ian-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n√ F∂v ImWmw. tIcf Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-camb bmsXmcp am‰hpw ImWp-∂p-an√.

A¥¿t±- i ob DØ- c - h m- Z nØ Sqdnkw ktΩ-f\w Cu kml-Nc - y- Ø - n-emWv sIm®nbn¬ am¿®v 21 apX¬ 24 hsc \S°p∂ A¥¿t±-iob DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ-f\w kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂-Xv. tIcf Sqdnkw hIp∏pw DØc-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw tI{μw (Interna-

{]h¿Øn-°p∂ F√m Bfp-I-fpsSbpw ]¶m-fnØw Dd∏p hcp-Øp∂p F∂-hI - m-is - ∏-Sp∂ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw N¿®-If - n¬ \n∂pw tIc-fØnse km[m- c - W - ° m- c mb P\ßsf AI‰n \n¿Øm-\p≈ Hcp X{¥-am-bn´p thWw Cu XpIsb ImWm≥. Cu Db¿∂ cPn-kvt{Sj≥ am{X-a√ - . ktΩ-f\ - Ø - n¬ AhX-cn-∏n-°p∂ tIc-f-hp-ambn _‘s∏´ {]_-‘ß - f - n-tem, ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifntem H∂pw Xs∂ Sqdn-ksØ hna¿i- \ m- fl - I - a mbn kao- ] n°p∂hcp-sS-tbm, tIcf Sqdn-kØns‚ hn]-Øp-I-f\p`hn°p∂ {]mtZ-inI P\-k-aq-l-Øns‚tbm bmsXmcp ]¶m-fn-Øh - p-an-√. tIcf hnt\mZ k©mc hIp-∏ns‚ £W°-Øn\v adp-]S- n-bmbn cPn-ktv {S-j≥ ^okv Ipd-°-W-sa-∂-`-y¿∞n-®psIm≠v Cu teJ-I≥ Fgp-Xnb IØn\v bmsXmcp adp-]S- nbpw A[nIr-Xc - psS `mKØv \n∂v e`n-®n´n-√. tIcf Sqdn-k-Øn¬ C∂v \S°p∂ A\m-tcm-Ky {]h-WX - I - ƒ ad®p- s h®v "ssZh- Ø ns‚ kz¥w \mSns‚' \jv S - s ∏´p sIm≠n- c n°p∂ CtaPv Xncn®p ]nSn-°m-\p≈ {ia-amWv Cu DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ-f-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdn-k-Øn-eq-sSbpw Sqdnkw hIp∏pw h≥InS Sqdnkw hy-hk - mbn-Ifpw tN¿∂v \S-Øp-∂-sX∂v ]I¬ t]mse hy-‡-am-Wv. IqSm sX ]m›m-Xy cmP-yß - f - n¬ hf¿∂ph- c p∂ ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI kmaq- l y kulm¿± Sqdnkw {]h-W-X-Isf X߃°-\p-Iq-e-am°n am‰m-\p≈ {ia-ahpw CXns‚ ]nd-In-ep-≠v. Cu cmP- y m- \ - ¥ c ktΩ- f - \ -

tional Centre for Responsible Tourism India) C¥-ybpw tN¿∂v C¥ym Sqdnkw

hIp-∏ns‚ kl-Ic - W - t- Øm-sS-bmWv Cu ktΩ-f\w kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂X - v. Cu ktΩ-f\w CXn-\Iw Xs∂ A¥-mcm-j{v S-Xe - Ø - nepw cmP-yØ - n-\IØp Xs∂-bpw {i≤ t\Sn-°-gn™p. tI]vSu-Wn¬ 2002 \ptijw \S∂ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-kh - p-ambn _‘-s∏´ {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ hne-bncp-Øp-I, DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw cwKØv tIcfw ssIh-cn-®n-´p≈ t\´-߃ temI-Øn\v ImWn®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw N¿® sNøp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂p-≈X - mWv Cu ktΩf-\Ø - ns‚ Dt±-iy- e - £ - y- a - mbn ]d-bp∂-X.v

]¶m-fnØw F∂m¬ Cu ktΩ-f\ - h - pw, tIcf-Ønse C∂sØ Sqdnkw hnI-k\hpw ]cn-tim-[n®p t\m°p-I-bmsW-¶n¬ ta¬∏-d™ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ Bi- b - ß - f p- a mbn {]tbm-KØ - n¬ hfsc-b[ - nIw sshcp≤-ys - ∏-´n-cn-°p∂-Xmbn ImWmw. DZml-c-W-ambn Cu ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-∂-Xn-\p≈ cPn-kvt{S-jj≥ XpI Xs∂-sb-Sp-°mw. Cu ktΩ-f\ - Ø - n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°W - s - a-¶n¬ cPn-kvt{S-j≥ XpI-bmbn cq. 5000 sImSp-°-Ww. CXp Xs∂ Cf-hpIƒ°pti-j-ap≈ XpI-bm-W-t{X! IqSmsX Xma-k-Øn\v thsd-bpw. ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ sh_vssk-‰n¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ Xma-kk - u-Ic - y- ߃ an°-hbpw \£{X tlm´-epItfm As√- ¶ n¬ hne IqSnb Xmak kuI-cy- ß - tfm am{X-am-Wv. Sqdn- k - h p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´p 6

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Øns‚ sh_vssk-‰n¬ Cu ktΩf-\Ø - n\p hcp∂ {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°v hnhn[ Sqdnkw tI{μ-߃ kμ¿in°m-\p≈ A-hk - c - s - am-cp-°n-bn-´p-ap≠v. CXn¬ Hcp {]tZ-ia - mbn Xncs™- S p- Ø n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv Be- ∏ pg Pn√bnse amcm- c n- ° p- f - a m- W v . sh_vssk-‰n¬ amcm-cn-°p-fs - Ø-°pdn®v hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp {]mtZ-inI \nt£- ] - I ≥ kz¥w \ne- b n¬ ChnsS XpS- ß nb Hcp Sqdnkw kwcw`w C∂v Cu {]tZ-iØ - ns‚ hf¿®bv°v Imc-W-ambn F∂pw, CXn-\p≈ kml-Nc - y- hpw AXns‚ hnhn[ {]iv\ß - fpw ]Tn-°m-\p≈ Ah-kcw Hcp-°pI F∂p-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu {]tZ-iØv \S-°p∂ A\n-b{- ¥n-Xa - mb Sqdnkw hnI-k\ - hpw, tIc- f - Ø n¬ Xe- X n- c n™ Sqdnkw \b-ßfpw Cu Xoc-tZ-iØv Sqdn-kh - p-ambn _‘-s∏´v h≥tXmXnep≈ `qan Dul-°® - h - S- Ø - n\v hgnsh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. `q am^nb Cu XoctZ-isØ GXm-s≠√m a’-ys - Ømgn-em-fn-If - p-sSbpw `qan Ah-cp-tS-Xm°n-°g - n-™p. Xoc-tZi \nb-{¥W \nbaw Im‰n¬ ]d- Ø n- s °m≠v As√-¶n¬ AXnse ]gp-Xp-Isf Zpcp-]t- bmKw sNbvXp-sIm≠v Sqdnk- h p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´v [mcmfw \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ ChnsS \S∂p hcp-∂p-ap-≠v. CØcw tZmjI-ca - mb {]h-WX - I - sf \nb-{¥n-°p∂-Xn\v \nb-a-ßfpw kwhn-[m-\ßfpw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw CØcw {]h¿Ø-\ß - sf ad-®p-sh°m-\pw, km[q-I-cn-°m\pw hn]W\w sNøm-\p-amWv Sqdnkw hIp∏v {ian-°p-∂X - v. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂bmWv tIcf Sqdnkw t\cn-Sp∂ ○

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2008

am¿®v

{][m-\{- ]-iv\ß - s - fm∂pw Xs∂ Cu ktΩ- f - \ Øns‚ AP≥U- b n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xn\v Imc-Ww.

tNmZ-yß - f - n-sem∂v tIc-fØn¬ ]®-°d- n-bpw, ]mepw D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmsW-¶n¬ AXv hn]-W\w sNøp-∂X - n\v Hcp Sqdnkw hn]- W n- b psS Bh- i - y apt≠m F∂-Xm-Wv. tIcf-Ønse P\-߃°v Bhi-yØ - n-\p≈ ]m¬ ˛ ]®°dn XpS- ß n- b - h sbms°Ø-s∂bpw Ab¬ kwÿm-\ß - f - n¬ \n∂mWv hcp-∂X - v. an¬abpsS IW-°p-{]mcw {]XnZn\w 3 e£w en‰¿ ]mens‚ IpdhmWv tIc-fw t\cn-Sp-∂X - .v CsX√mw ImWn-°p-∂Xv Cu Dev]∂ - ß - f - psS {]mtZ-inI hn]-Wn-sb-bm-Wv. CØc-samcp kml-N-c-y-Øn¬ Sqdnkw hIp-∏ns‚ {iaw CØcw IW-°pIfpw {]tem- ` - \ - ß fpw ImWn®v {]mtZ-inI kaq-l-ß-fpsS Sqdn-kØnse ]¶v shdpw ]gw ˛ ]®-°dn hnX-cW - ° - m-c≥ F∂ \ne-bn-te°v HXp-°m-\m-sW∂v kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bncn-°p-∂p. CXv DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnk-Øs‚ ASn-ÿm\]c-amb Bib- ß - t fmSp Xs∂ sshcp- ≤ yw ]pe¿Øp-∂p. tIcf Sqdnkw sh_v s sk‰v {]Imcw tIc-fØ - n¬ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw \S-∏n-em-°p-∂X - n\v kwÿm\-Xe - Ø - n¬ hnhn[ {]Xn-\n-[n-If - S- ßnb Hcp IΩn‰n cq]o-Ic - n-®n-´p-≠v. Cu IΩn-‰n-bpsS Xocp-am\ {]Imcw Ipa-cI - w, hb-\m-S,v tX°-Sn, tImhfw F∂n-ßs\ 4 tI{μ-ßsf BZ-yL - ´-Øn¬ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw \S∏n-em-°m≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v. Cu 4 tI{μ-ß-fnepw {]mtZ-inI IΩn-‰n-Ifpw \ne-hn¬ h∂p Ign™p. ]s£ Cu {]tZ-iß - f - n¬ C∂p \S-°p∂ Sqdnkw {]h¿Ø-\-

tIcf Sqdnkw \nbaw 2005 DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-ksa∂ t]cn-ep≈ ]{X-{]kvXm-h\ - I - fpw ao‰nw-Kp-Ifp-a√ - msX ASn-ÿm-\] - c - amb bmsXmcp am‰-ßfpw tIcf Sqdn-kØ - n¬ h∂n´n-√. CXn\v as‰m-cp-Zm-l-c-W-amWv tIcf Kh¨sa‚ v2005-˛¬ ]m m°nb tIcf Sqdnkw (I¨k¿thj≥ B‚ v {]nk¿th-j≥) \nb-aw. Cu \nb-aw tIc-fØ - nse Ipa-cI - w, t^m¿´v sIm®n, tImh-fw, aq∂m¿ F∂n-ßs\ 4 Sqdnkw tI{μ-ßsf {]tX-yI Sqdnkw taJ-eI - f - mbn {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. Cu \nb-a{- ]-Imcw tIcf-Ønse ""Sqdnkw km≤-yX - I - f - p≈'' GsXmcp {]tZ-is - Øbpw {]tX-yI Sqdnkw taJ-eI - f - mbn (Special Tourism Zone) {]J-ym-]n-°mw. Cu taJe-If - n¬ Hcp Sqdnkw I¨k¿thj≥ {]nk¿th- j ≥ IΩn- ‰ n- b pw \nbaw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p. Cu IΩn- ‰ n- b nse AwK- ß - f m- I s´ Sqdnkw sk{I-´-dn, Sqdnkw Ub-dIvS¿ XpS-ßnb Db¿∂ DtZ-ym-Kÿ¿ am{XamWv. Xnc-s™-Sp-°s∏´ P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°v Cu IΩn‰n- b n¬ {]tX- y - I n®v ÿm\ßsfm∂pan-√. Cu \nb- a - { ]- I mcw {]tX- y I Sqdnkw taJ-eI - f - mbn {]J-ym-]n-°s∏-Sp∂ Sqdnkw {]tZ-iß - f - n¬ GXp Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\ßtfm \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\ß - tfm \S-ØW - s - a-¶n¬ Cu DtZ-ymKÿ IΩn-‰n-bpsS A\p-aXn Bh-iy- a - m-W.v Cu \nb-a{- ]-Imcw Cu {]tZ-iØv Xt±- i - h m- k n- I ƒ°v Hcp hoSp shbv°-W-sa-¶n¬ t]mepw Cu IΩn-‰n-bpsS A\p-aXn Bh-iy- a - m-W.v Cu \nbaw ]©m-bØ - o-cmPv ÿm]\-ßf - psS A[n-Im-cß - f - psS taep≈ ]c- k - y - a mb IS∂p Ib- ‰ - a m- W v . IqSmsX CØcw ÿm]-\ß - f - psS A[n- I m- c - ß ƒ tI{μo- I r- X - a mb DtZym-Kÿ IΩn-‰n°v \¬Ip-Ibpw 2008

am¿®v

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sNøp-∂p. DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-kh - pambn _‘-s∏´v \S∂ BZ-ysØ in¬∏-im-eb - n¬ Cu \nbaw ]n≥hen-°W - s - a∂v hnhn[ {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ i‡-ambn Bh-i-ys∏´n-cp-∂-Xp-amWv. DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-ks - Ø-°pdn®pw {]mtZ-inI ]¶m-fn-Øs - Ø-°pdn®pw hmtXm-cmsX kwkm-cn-°p∂ Sqdnkw hIp∏v Cu \nbaw t`Z-KXn sNøp- I tbm ]n≥h- e n- ° p- I tbm sNøp- ∂ n√ F∂- X n¬ \n∂pw Sqdnkw hIp-∏ns‚ Bflm¿∞X hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. tIcf Sqdnkw DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw am¿§-tcJ am\-z¬ ]d-bp-∂Xp-{]-Imcw kmº-Øn-Iw, kmaq-lnIw, ]mcn-ÿn-XnIw F∂n-ßs\ 3 Xc-Øn-ep≈ DØ-ch - m-Zn-Øß - f - mWv Sqdn-k-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. CXn¬ kmºØnI DØ- c - h m- Z n- Ø - Ø n- \ mWv tIcf Sqdnkw IqSp-X¬ {]m[m-\yw sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. CXns‚ `mK-ambn hnhn[ Sqdnkw tI{μ-߃, Sqdnkw hy-hk - m-bØ - n-\m-hi - y- a- mb ]m¬, ]®°dn XpS-ßnb D¬∏-∂-ß-fpsS IW-s°-Sp-∏p-Iƒ \S∂p Ign™p. CØcw Dev]m-Z\ - ß - ƒ {]mtZ-in-Iambn Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°m\pw hnX-cWw sNøm-\p-ap≈ DØ-ch - m-ZnØw IpSpw_{io Gs‰-SpØ-Xmbpw With best compliments from AXn-\p≈ { ] h ¿ Ø - \ - CENTRE FOR POST GRADUATE STUDIES ߃ \S-Øp-∂Xmbpw ]d-bp∂p. ]s£ C h n s S D b ¿ ∂ p North Bus Stand, Thrissur-20. hcp∂ ASnPh : 2338983, 6950675 e-mail : [email protected] ÿm-\-]-c-amb ○

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7

Im¿´q¨

ß-fn¬ Cu IΩn-‰n-Iƒ°v bmsXmcp ]¶p-an-√ F∂v ImWmw. CXn\v DØa DZm-l-c-WamWv CXn-\Iw Xs∂ FXn¿∏p-If - p-b¿∂ncn-°p∂ tImh-fsØ Ir{Xna ]mcv (Artificial reef) \n¿ΩmWw. 7 tImSn cq] apS°n kp\man ]p\-c[ - nhmk ]≤-Xn-bpsS (Tsunami Rehabilitation Project) `mK-ambn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ Cu Ir{Xna ]mcv Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v Pe-tIfn- I ƒ°p≈ kuI- c - y - s am- c p- ° ms\∂v ]d-bp-∂p. hnhm-Z-am-bn-°gn™ Cu ]≤Xn tImh-fsØ {]mtZ-inI DØ-c-hm-ZnØ IΩn-‰nbn¬ N¿® sNbvX tij-amtWm \S-∏n-em-°p-∂s - X∂v Sqdnkw hIp∏v hy-‡a - m-t°-≠X - p-≠.v a’-ys - Øm-gnem-fn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv Cu ]≤Xn Iº-he D]-tbm-Kn®v ao≥ ]nSn-°pI-bpw A\p-_‘ {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - n¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ GXm≠v 500 a’-ys - Øm-gn-emfn IpSpw-_ß - fpsS Pohn-tXm-]m[n C√m-Xm°pw F∂m-Wv. Cu ]≤Xn {]mtZ-inI Xe- Ø ne bmsXmcp N¿®- b pw IqSmsX XnI®pw GI-]-£o-b-ambmWv \S-∏n-em-°p-∂X - .v CØcw Hcp kml-Nc - y- Ø - n¬ {]mtZ-inI DØ-chm-ZnØ Sqdnkw IΩn-‰n-bpsS tdmƒ F¥m-Wv? AXv tlm´¬ hy-hk - mb-Øn\v apd sX‰msX ]m¬ ˛ ]®°dn F∂nh FØn®p sImSp-°p∂ Hcp GP≥kn am{X-am-tWm? CØcw Imc-yß - ƒ Sqdnkw hIp∏v P\-ß8

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c-a-√m-Ø-Xp-amb Sqdnkw hnI-k\sØ DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-ks - a∂ t]cn¬ ad-®p-sh-°m≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw hn]-W\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂m-W.v tIc-fØ - nse knhn¬ kaqlw Imem-Im-eß - f - mbn Db¿Øn h∂n´p≈ F√m Bh- i - y - ß - s f- b pw, DXv°W - vTI - s - fbpw ]m¿i-zh - X - vIc - n°p-Ibpw ad®p ]nSn-°p-Ib - p-amWv DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdn-ks - a∂ t]cn¬ C∂n- h nsS \S- ° p- ∂ - X v . tIc- f Ønse ]c- º - c m- K X sXmgn¬ sNbvXp Pohn-°p-∂h - ¿°pw, a’-ysØm- g n- e m- I ƒ°pw, Chn- S psØ km[m-c-W-°m¿°pw Cu A\n-b{¥nX Sqdnkw hnI- k \w Db¿Øp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Is - f-°p-dn®pw Ah-cpsS Sqdn-kØ - nse ]¶n-s\-°pdn®pw Btcm-Ky- I - c - a - mb Hcp kwhmZ-Øn\pw Sqdnkw hIp∏v C∂pw Xøm-d√ - . AXn\p ]Icw {]mtZ-inI P\-Xbv°v tlm´¬ hy-hk - m-bn-Iƒ hmßm≥ t]mIp∂ ]men-s‚bpw ap´- b p- s Sbpw Znhm kz]v \ ߃ \¬In tIc-fØ - n¬ A\n-b{- ¥n-Xamb Sqdn-kØ - n-s\-Xnsc Db¿∂p-hcp∂ FXn¿∏p-Isf Xncn®p hnSm\mWv {ian-°p-∂X - v. CØcw \ncpØ-ch - mZ Sqdnkw {]h¿Ø-\ß - sf Xncn-®d - n-bm\pw AXn-s\-Xnsc i‡ambn {]Xn-I-cn-°m-\p-ap≈ tijn tIc-fØ - nse knhn¬ kaq-lØ - n\v \jv S - s ∏- ´ n- ´ n√ F∂Xv Sqdnkw hIp∏v Hm¿°p∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.

kptcjv kmh¥v, apwss_

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fpsS apºmsI hy-‡-am-t°-≠-Xp≠v. Sqdnkw hIp∏v Xøm-dm-°nb DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw am¿§-tcJ am\-z¬ {]Imcw Cu {]mtZ-inI IΩn- ‰ n- b psS e£- y - ß - f n- s em∂v {]mtZ-inI Xe-Øn-ep≈ ]≤Xn Bkq-{X-W-Øn-epw, \S-Øn-∏nepw {]mtZ-inI ]¶m-fnØw sIm≠p hcnI F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXmWv ChnsS ewLn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. ta¬ ]d™ Imc-yß - f - n¬ \n∂v hy-‡a - m-Ip-∂ Hcp {][m\ Imcyw tIc-f-Ønse apJ-y-[mcm Sqdnkw hnI-k\w AXns‚ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI˛ kmaq- l y˛kmwkv I m- c nIhpamb F√m tZmj-{]-hW - X - I - t- fm-Spw-IqSn \S-∏n-em-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw adp-`m-KØv CØcw A\n-b{- ¥n-Xhpw kpÿn-

I_\n˛Z AZ¿ Ub-d-£≥, Xncp-hm-Xn-c, ]mekv hyp tdmUv, ]qP-∏p-c, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw˛12

{]nb tIc-fobw hmb-\-°mcm/cn, Xm¶ƒ tIc-fo-b-tØmsSm∏w F∂pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \Ωƒ kmº-ØnI {]Xn-k-‘n-bn-em-Wv. Zb-hmbn hcn-kwJy (240 cq]), Ign-bp∂ kw`m-h\ DSs\ Ab-®p-Xcn-I. tIc-fo-bw, sIm°m-se, Xriq¿-˛21. t^m¨ : 9895458954, 9446576943, 9447674375 DS≥ {]Xo-£n-°pI

tIc-fobw ]pkvXI - i - m-eb - n¬\n∂v

_nPp Fkv.-_m-es‚

sNss∂ hnti-jhpw Ipdn-∏p-Ifpw ○

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2008

am¿®v

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-dn-t∏m¿´v

DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ {]mcw` ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bcw-`n-°p-hm-\p≈ ÿe-ambn Sqdnkw hIp∏v Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv amcm-cn-°p-f-sØ-bm-Wv. {]mtZ-inI P\Xbv°v \nc-h[n Ah-k-c-߃ \evIp-∂-Xm-Wv DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdn-k-sa∂v ]dbp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw amcm-cn-°p-fsØ A\p-`-h-߃ hyXy-kvX-am-Wv.

amcm-cn-°pfw

Xt±-io-b¿°p-ta¬ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ IS-∂p-I-b‰w kPo¿ A_vZpƒ dlvam≥

Be-∏pg Pn√-bn-ep≈ amcm-cn°p-fsØ Hcp IS-tem-c-{Km-a-Øn¬ \mfp-I-fmbn a’y-_-‘\w D]-Poh-\a - m¿§-am°n Pohn-®p-hc - n-Ib - mWv 52 hb v {]mb-ap≈ sS≥k¨. ISen-t\mSv tN¿∂v 20 sk‚ v ÿew sS≥kmWv kz¥-am-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ASp-ØnsS Xs‚ apgp-h≥ `qanbpw Sqdnkw tem_n-bpsS _n\m-an-Ifmbn h∂ dnb¬ FtÉv am^n-b°m¿°v hn¬t°-≠n-h∂ Zpc-¥-IY-bmWv C∂v sS≥kWv ]d-bm-\p≈- X v . 38 Bfp- I ƒ Xs‚ ho´nte°v hcp-Ibpw ÿew Ah¿°v hn´p-In-´p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ kzm[o-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns‚ ^e- a m- b mWv sS≥kWv `qan hn¬t°-≠n-h∂ - X - v. ""Fs∂-t∏mse Zcn-{Z-\mb Hcp ao≥]n-Sp-Ø-°m-c\v Npcp-ßnb Adn-hpw temI-]-cn-Nbhpw sIm≠v Fß-s\-bmWv 38 t]cpsS Ac-a-Wn-°q¿ \o≠p-\n∂ hmZ- K - X n- I sf {]Xn- t cm- [ n®v \n¬°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. {]tXy-In®v kp\m-anbv°v tijw Xoc-tZi {]tZi- ß - f n¬ \S- ° p- ∂ Xv AXy¥w Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. as‰mcp kp\m-anbpsS km≤y- X - b pw, a’y- k - º Øns‚ Ipdhpw tami-amb Hcp `mhn-Im-e-sØbpw Hm¿Ωn-∏n®v `b߃ Fs‚ a\-kn¬ \nd®v ÿew Iø-S° - m-\p≈ {ia-ßf - mWv \S-Ønb-Xv. Xoc-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ BtKmf Xm]-\a - p-≠m°p∂ {]iv\ß - s - f-°pdn®pw Ah¿ Ft∂mSv ]d-™p. CsX√mw ]d™v ÿew hn¬°p∂-Xn\v Fs∂-s°m≠v kΩ-Xn-∏n2008

am¿®v

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°p- I bpw AXns‚ AUzm≥kv XpI Ah¿ Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' ""]s£ F\n°v AUzm≥kv XpI XncnsI \¬In Icmdn¬\n∂pw ]q¿Æambpw ]pd-Øp-hc-W-sa∂v B{K-l-ap-≠v. Xoc-{]-tZi-Øv \n∂pw Xo¿Øpw hyXy-kvXamb Hcp kml- N - c y- Ø n- t e°v t]mtI- ≠ n- h - c n- I - b m- s W- ¶ n¬ F\n°v henb \jvSß - ƒ AXv hcpØn-sh-bv°pw. CXn-\mbn ]e-XhW Ahsc kao-]n-s®-¶nepw Icmdn¬\n∂pw AUzm≥kv XncnsI \¬In ]n∑m-dm-\p≈ Imem-h-[nbmb Bdp-am-k-tØ°v Ah¿ adp]-Sn-sbm∂pw ]d-™n-√. AtXmsS Bdp-amkw Ign™v `qan Ah¿°v hn´p-\¬tI-≠X - mbn h∂p. Ct∏mƒ Xoc-Øp-\n∂pw aq∂v Intem-ao-‰¿

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AIse Hcp ÿe- t Ø°v Cu ÿew sImSpØ Imip- s Im≠v ÿew hmßn Rm≥ Ahn-tS°v amdp-I-bm-Wv. Xoc-tZ-i-Øp≈ \nch-[n-bm-fp-Iƒ Xß-fpsS ÿew hn‰v Cu {]tZ-i-tØ°v amdn-Øm-akn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-tXmsS ChnsS `qan-bp-≈h - ¿ ÿe-Øn\v hne Iq´nbn- ´ p- ≠ v . CXv Fs‚ am{X- a √ XocØv Xma- k n- ° p∂ \nc- h [n Bfp- I - f psS Ah- ÿ - b m- W v. sS≥k¨ ]d-bp-∂p. tIcfw DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdn-kØns‚ tI{μ-ambn Db¿Øn-°m-Wn°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ {]mcw` ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bcw-`n-®p-I-gn-™p. amcm-cn-°p-fsØbpw Sqdnkw hIp∏v CXns‚ `mK-am-bmWv Db¿Øn-°m-´p-∂-Xv. {]mtZ-inI P\-hn-`m-K-Øn\v \nc-

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9

h[n Ah- k - c - ß ƒ {]Zm\w sNøp∂ H∂m-bmWv amcm-cn-°pfØv k¿°m¿ e£yw-h-®n-cn-°p∂ DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-I-sf°p-dn®v A¥m-cmjv{S DØ-ch - m-ZnØ Sqdnkw ktΩ- f - \ - Ø ns‚ sh_vssk-‰n¬ Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ]s£ hfsc sNdnb tXmXn-ep≈ kmº-ØnI em`w am{X-amWv Ch¿ ]dbp∂ Cu {]mtZ-inI I®-h-S°m¿°v CXp- h gn e`n- ° p- ∂ - X v . henb tXmXn-ep≈ em`w sImøp∂Xv Z£n- t W- ¥ y- b n- s e- º mSpw dntkm¿´p-If - p≈ hº≥ {Kq∏p-If - mWv. ""am-cn-°pfsØ "amcmcn _o®v' Bbn {]tam´v sNbvX-h¿ AXneqsS s]mXp- ` q- a nsb kzIm- c yh¬°-cn-°m-\p≈ {ia-ßf - mWv \SØn-b-Xv. _o®n-t\mSv tN¿∂v Ch¿ \n¿Ωn® dntkm¿´v Ahn-sS-bp≈ P\- ß - f psS kpK- a - a mb Pohn- X sØbpw \nXy- h r- Ø n- ° m- b p≈ am¿§-ß-sfbpw hnt\m-Z-Øn-\mbn HØp- I q- S n- b n- c p∂ CS- ß - s fbpw Irjn-sb-bp-sam-s°-bmWv \in-∏n-®Xv. P\- I ob {]Xn- t j- [ - ß ƒ Db¿∂p-h-∂-tXmsS dh\yq hIp∏v {]tXyI I¿Ω-tk\ hgn `qan Xncn®p-]n-Sn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ipsd \mftØ°v dntkm¿´p-Sa B `qan D]tbm- K n- ® n- √ . F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ ho≠pw Ah¿ B `qan Ah-cp-tSXm-°m-\p≈ {ia-߃ \S-Øn-h-cp∂p. IS-en¬\n∂pw Ah-cpsS `qansb th¿Xn-cn-°m-\mbn aXntem at‰sX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ AXntcm Ah¿ CtX-hsc \n¿Ωn-®n-´n-√. XoctØmSv tN¿∂p≈ `mKØv ISemWv Ct∏mƒ Ah- c psS AXn¿Øn. XpS¿∂p- s Im- ≠ n- c n°p∂ `qan I®-h-S-ßfpw ssIam-‰ßfpw kzImcy hy‡n-I-fpsS Iønte°v Xoc-{]tZiw tI{μo-I-cn-°p∂-Xn\pw \nc-h[n Sqdnkw tem_nIƒ IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xn\pw Imc-W-amIpw. kzX{¥ a’y-sØm-gn-emfn s^U- t d- j ≥ kwÿm\ {]knU‚ v em¬ tXmbn-]-d-ºn¬ ]d-bp∂p. Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambp-≠mb dnb¬ FtÉv am^n-b-IfpsS IS-∂p-h-chv Cu {]tZ-iØv 10

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a’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n°- s ∏- S p- ∂ - X n\v Imc- W - a m- b nØo¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. dntkm¿´pIƒ°v `qan ssIam‰w \SØn XocØv \n∂pw amdn-Xm-ak - n-t°-≠nh-∂-h¿°v \jvS-am-bXv \q‰m-≠pIƒ ]g- ° - a p≈ Xß- f psS PohnXNcy- I fpw kzÿ- a mb Bhmkhyh-ÿ-bp-amWv. ]Wsadn™p≈ Itºmf X{¥-ßfmWv \mfp-If - psS ]nt∂m-°m-hÿ - bp≈ IS-temc {]tZ-isØ ap°ph P\-Xbv°v ta¬ am^n-bI - ƒ - {]tbmKn-°p-∂-Xv. Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm\-ßfpw a‰v Itºmf \nb-{¥W k{º-Zm-b-ßsfbpw B{i-bn-®n-cn°p∂ Xß- f psS ]c- º - c m- K X a’y_‘-\s - Øm-gn-en¬ \n∂p≈ hcp- a m\Øn\v G‰- ° p- d - ® nep≈Xn\m¬ kmº-ØnI _p≤n-ap´- \ p- ` - h n- ° p∂ ]ecpw s]s´∂v ssIbn¬ hcp∂ XpI am{Xw IW°nseSpØv `qan hn¬°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. {]tZ-iØnse P\-ß-fpsS Adn-hn-√m-bn-atbbpw Zmcn-{Zy-tØbpw Ah¿ Hcpt]mse NqjWw sNøp∂p. amcmcn-°pfw Xoc-Øns‚ ]e-`m-K-ßfnepw Cu {]h-W-X-Iƒ \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. hfsc im¥-amb IS-tem-camWv amcm-cn-°p-ft- Ø-Xv. IS¬ `nØn-t]mep-an-√mØ kpμ-c-amb _o®v amcmcn-°p-fØ - ns‚ {]Xy-IX - b - mWv. amcmcn°p-f-Øns‚ Ing°v `mK-Øp≈ ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ thº-\mSv Imbens‚ km∂n≤yw sIm≠v, XSm-Ißfpw \Zn- I fpw I\m- e p- I - f psams° tN¿∂v hyXy- ÿ - a mb k©m-c\ - p-`hw Xcp∂ {]tZ-iß - f - mWv. bm{X- I ƒ°mbpw Nc°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂X - n\pw Chn-Sp-ØpIm¿ Cu Dƒ\m-S≥ Pe-K-Xm-K-XØns‚ kuI-cy-ß-fmWv D]-tbmKn-°p-∂-Xv. Dƒ\m-S≥ a’y-_-‘\hpw ChnsS ]Xn-hmWv. tIc-fØns‚ hmWnPy \K-chpw {][m\ Sqdnkw tI{μ-hp-amb Fd-Wm-Ip-fØns‚ sX°p-`m-KØv \n∂pw Be∏p-g-bpsS sX°p-`m-K-tØ°v thKØn- e p≈ KXm- K X kuIcyw km[y- a mIpw hn[w Xoc- t Zi sslsh DS≥ bmYm¿∞y-amIpw. ○

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amcmcn _o®n-te°v sIm®n A¥mcmjv{S hnam-\Ø - m-hf - Ø - n¬ \n∂pw 90 In.ao Zqchpw, sIm®n \K-cØ - n¬ \n∂pw 60 In.ao Zqchpw, Xe-ÿm\ \K-cn-bn¬ \n∂pw 160 In.ao Zqc-hpam-Wp-≈X - .v Xncp-h¥ - ] - p-cØv \n∂pw Fd- W m- I p- f - t Ø°v t]mIp∂ tZiob]mX-bn¬ \n∂pw amcm-cn-bnte°v t]mIp-∂-Xn\v 5 In.ao Zqcw am{X-am-Wp≈Xv. Cu bm{Xm-ku-Icy-ß-fmWv amcm-cn-°p-fsØ \mfbpsS {][m\ Sqdnkw tI{μ-am°n am‰ns°m≠ncn-°p-∂Xv. Xt±-io-b-cpsS ]°¬ \n∂pw dnb¬ Fkvt‰‰v am^nb- I ƒ Sqdnkw tem_n-Iƒ°v ssIam-dn-°gn-™m¬ Ah¿ `qan hn´p-sIm-SpØ Xt±-io-bsc D]-tbm-Kn®v Xs∂ IS¬ Xoc-tØmSv tN¿∂v `qanbp≈ hn¬°m≥ XmXv ] - c y- a p≈hsc Is≠Øp-∂p. sImSp-°m≥ Ignbp∂ ]W-tØ-°mƒ henb AfhmWv an°- t ∏mgpw hmKv Z m\w \¬Ip∂Xv. amcm-cn-°p-fØv `qanbpsS hne sk‚n\v 10000 cq]bp≈Xn¬ \n∂pw 75000 cq]-bnte°v ASp-Øn-sS h¿≤n-°p-I-bp≠m- b n. AtXmsS kmº- Ø nI aqey-ap≈ GI hkvXp `qan-am-{Xam-sW∂ [mcW {]tZ-isØ P\߃°n-Sb - n¬ ]S¿∂n-´p-≠v. henb XpI AUzm≥kmbn e`n-®mep-S≥ `qan hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-IbmWv Xt±-iob-cn¬ an°-hcpw. ]Ww sImSpØv dnb¬ FtÉv t{_m°¿am¿ ÿew Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ Fgp-Xnhm- ß p- ∂ p. Cßns\ sNdnb sNdnb Af- h n¬ `qan hmßn°q´nb tijw dnb¬ FtÃ-‰p-Im¿ henb hnebv°v CXv hº≥ dntkm¿´v {Kq∏p-Iƒ°v ssIam-dp∂p. ISpØ {]Xym- J m- X ßfp≠m°p∂ CØcw {]h¿Ø\-߃ amcm-cn-°pfw {]tZ-iØv c≠v h¿j- a mbn XpS¿®- b mbn \S∂p hcp∂p. `qan hn‰-h¿ XocØns‚ Ing-°≥ `mKØv ]Icw ÿew Is≠- Ø m≥ XpS- ß n- b tXmsS AhnsSbpw hne `oa-ambn Db¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n {]tXy-I-X-I-fp≈ Hcp kaq-l-am-bn-cp∂p amcm-cn-°pfsØ Xoc-{]-tZ-i-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂Xv. P\○

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2008

am¿®v

km- { μ- X - t b- d nb Cu {]tZ- i Øv AXn-cp-Ifpw aXn-ep-I-fp-an-√mØ hoSp- I - f n¬ Xma- k n- ® n- c p∂ Ch¿°nS-bn¬ kmaq-lnI _‘߬ hfsc i‡ambn- c p- ∂ p. Bμhpw ZpJ-ßfpw \nd™ \nanjßsf√mw hyXym-k-ß-fn-√m-sX Ch¿ ]c-kv]cw ]¶p-h-®n-cp-∂p. s]mXp-k-aq-l-hp-ambn Ch¿°v ]cnan- X - a mb CSs]S- e p- I ƒ am{XamWp≠m-bn-cp-∂X - .v Xoc-{]-tZ-isØ hmk-ÿ-e-ßsf√mw hns‰m-gn-™v t]mIp-∂-tXmsS Ch¿°v kmaqlnI _‘߃ \jvS-am-hp-Ibpw IS-tem-cw a’y-_‘\sØgn-ep-ambn _‘s∏´ Hcp ÿew am{X-ambn- Ø o- c p- I bpw sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒØs∂ ChnsS hf¿∂p hcp∂ X - e - a - pd a’y-_‘ - \ - h - p-ambn _‘-s∏-´ sXmgn-ep-Isf Ah-cpsS hcp- a m\ am¿§ambn ImWm≥ XmXv]-cy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. s]mXp[m-cbnse AWp-Ip-Spw_ LS-\-bpsS cq]- ß - f n- t e°v Ch- c pw ]Xnsb FØn-t®-cp-I-bm-Wv. ]W-Øns‚ B[nIyw Ch¿°n-S-bn¬ {]iv\߃ krjv´n-°p-I-bpw ]c-kv]c hnizm-kyX \jv´-∏-Sp-hm≥ Imc-Wam-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. amcm-cn-°p-fØv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ dntkm¿´p-Iƒ IS-tem-c-߃ SqdnÃp-Iƒ°v am{X-ap≈ ÿe-am°n am‰m-\mWv B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. ]mcº-cy-amb Xt±-io-b-cmb sXmgn-emfn-Iƒ h≈-߃ \n¿Øm\pw Dd-

ßm\pw tbmK- ß ƒ IqSm\pw ao≥h-e-Iƒ kq£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw ao≥ DW- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ p- a mWv Cu ÿew D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂X - v. Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-ap-≠m-bn-´p-≈ F√m-bn-SsØbpw t]mse Chn-sSbpw {]mtZinI P\-hn-`mKw dntkm¿´p-I-fpsS IS-∂p-I-b-‰-tØmsS s]mdp-Xn-ap-´m\mWv km≤y-X. `qan hn¬∏\ \S-°p-tºm-sg√mw {]mtZ-in-I-ambn Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp°p-∂Xv ]pcp-j-∑m-cm-Wv. kv{XoIfpsS A`n-{]m-bß - ƒ C°m-cy-Øn¬ Ch-cmcpw Xnc-°m-dn-√. `qan hn‰v Ing°≥ {]tZ-iß - f - n-te°v t]mb ]pcpj-∑m-cn-tesd t]¿°pw Adn-bmhp∂ GI sXmgn¬ a’y-_-‘-\am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ sXmgn¬ ÿe-tØ-s°-Øm≥ C∂v Ah¿°v Gsd Zqcw Xmt≠-≠-Xp-≠v. AXncm-hnse 3 aWn-tbm-sS-bmWv ]ecpw IS¬∏p-dt- Ø°v hoSp-If - n¬ \n∂pw Xncn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Ah-cpsS hoSp-If - n¬ kv{XoIƒ IqSp-X¬ kabhpw H‰bv°v Ign-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂p. ]pXn-sbmcp ÿe-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠pIqSn IqSp-X¬ kpc-£n-XX - z-an-√mbva krjvSn-°pw. ÿew hn‰v t]mtI≠n h∂ ]pcp-j-∑m-cn-e-[n-Ihpw kz¥-ambn h≈-ßf - p-≈h - c - m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ ÿew hn‰p-t]m-Im≥ Xocp-am-\n-®tXmsS Ah¿ Ah- c psS h≈ßfpw hn¬°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ahcn¬ ]ecpw a’y-_-‘-\-a-√m-sX-

bp≈ sXmgn-ep-I-f-dn-bmØ Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-Iƒ h≈-߃ hn‰v Ipsd-t]¿ t]mb-tXm-sS IS-en-en-dßm≥ am¿§-an-√msX hnj-an-°p-Ibm-Wv. Cu {]tZ-iØv IS¬ ]n≥h-en™p- ≠ mb \nc- h [n ÿe- ß ƒ {]tZ-ih - m-kn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Bh-iy߃°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. tcJIƒ {]Imcw Ah¿°-h-Im-i-s∏´ `qan-b-s√-¶nepw sXßv h®p]n-Sn-∏n°m-\m-Wv ]ecpw Cu ÿesØ D]-tbm-Kn-®X - v. s]mXp-P\ - ß - ƒ°pw Cu ÿe-߃°v ta¬ kzX-{¥amb Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ Ct∏mƒ HutZym-KnI tcJI-fn-√mØ Cu ÿehpw dnb¬ FtÃ-‰p-Iƒ ]Ww \¬In hmßpI-bm-Wv. AtXmsS kzImcy hy‡nIƒ°v am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ Xc-Øn-te°v Cu ÿe-Øn-\p-taep≈ A[n-Im-c-߃°v hyXymkw hcp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS Xoc-tZi ]cn-]m-e\ \nb- a w, 1991\v IS- I hn- c p- ≤ - a mb {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - mWv amcm-cn-°p-fØv Ct∏mƒ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssItø- ‰ - ß fpw A\- [ n- I rX \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\ß - fpw ChnsS hym]-I-am-sW∂v B¿°pw hy‡am-Wv. Xoc-tZ-iØv Sqdnkw Dƒs∏sS-bp≈ \nc-h[n hyh-km-bß - ƒ°v ÿew \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn Xoc-tZi ]cn-]m-e\ - - \n-ba - Ø - n\v t`Z-KX - n-Iƒ hcpØn AXns‚ kwc-£W - m-[n-Im-

Xoc-{]-tZ-isØ hmkÿ-e-ßsf√mw hns‰mgn-™v t]mIp-∂-tXmsS amcm-cn-°p-f-Øp-Im¿°v kmaq-lnI _‘߃ \jv S - a m- h p- I bpw IStem- c w a’y- _ ‘\ sØgn- e p- a m- b n _‘ s∏´ Hcp ÿew am{Xam-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

2008

am¿®v

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11

c-߃ £bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. ]pXn-b-Xmbn hmßp∂ `qanbn¬ \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\-߃ \nb-a-X-S- -߃ ImcWw A{X-b[nIw \S-Øm-dn-√. \nb-a{- ]-i\ v ß - ƒ Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]©m-bØv ho´p-\º - dpw sshZypXn D]-t`m‡r \ºdpw hm´¿ AtXm- d n- ‰ n- b n¬ \n∂p≈ tcJ-If - pw ssIh-ia - p≈ hoSp-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ hoSp-If - pap≈ ÿe-ßf - mWv \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\߃ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn Sqdnkw tem_n-Iƒ Xnc-™p-]n-Sn®v hmßp∂-Xv. tIc-fØ - ns‚ Xoc-{]-tZ-iß - fn¬ Xoc-tZi ]cn-]m-e\ - \ - n-baw AXv \ne-hn¬ h∂ Imew apX¬t° ewLn-°s - ∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-W.v Xoc-tZi ]cn-]m-e\ \nb-aØ - ns‚ ]pXnb cq]-amb tImì tkm¨ amt\-Pvsa‚ v πm≥ hcp-∂-tXmsS Sqdnkw hyh- k m- b - ß ƒ henb tXmXn¬ Xoc-tZi Bhm-kh - y-hÿ - sbbpw ]cn-ÿn-Xn-tbbpw \in-∏n-°m\p≈ km≤y-XI - ƒ IqSn hcp-∂p. k¿°m-cns‚ \b-ß-fn-sem∂pw Xs∂ Xoc-tZ-i-Øns‚ DS-a-ÿm-hIm-i-sØ-∏‰n hyh-ÿ-I-sfm-∂p-an√. IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂hsc ]p\-c[ - n-hk - n-∏n-°p-∂X - n-\p≈ hyhÿ-Iƒ k¿°m¿ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-

≠v. F∂m¬ Sqdnkw hyh-km-bØns‚ t]cn¬ \S-°p∂ {]Xy£hpw ]tcm-£-hp-amb IpSn-sbmgn-∏n-°-ep-Iƒ k¿°m¿ Xe-Øn¬ ]cn-KW - n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂t- X-bn-√. Sqdnkw hyh-km-b-Øn-\mbn `qan D]-tbm-Kn°p-∂X - n-s\-°pdn®v \b-ßs - fm∂pw 2007¬ ]pd-Øn-d-ßnb `q\-b-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂n-√. `qan em‚ v tkmWp-Ifmbn amdp-Ibpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb `qhn-\n-tbmK coXn-Iƒ hcp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v am{X-amWv \b-Øn¬ BsI ]d- b p- ∂ - X v . CXn- \ mbn k¿°m¿ F¥v \S- ] - S n- I - f mWv kzoI-cn-°p-∂-sXt∂m Ft∏m-gmsWt∂m ]cm-a¿i-ßsfm∂pan-√. _o®v Sqdn-khpw Imb¬ Sqdn-khpw a’y-_-‘\ taJ-e-bnse P\-ßfpsS kmº- Ø nI \ne- h mcw Db¿Øm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-Wsa∂v ^nj-dokv \b-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p-s≠-¶nepw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂Xv t\¿hn-]-co-X-am-Wv. amcm-cn-°p-fsØ `qan hm߬ X{¥-߃ dntkm¿´v am^n-b-Iƒ tIc-f-Øn-se-ºmSpw {]tbm-Kn-°p∂p-≠v. Itø-‰° - msc Hgn-∏n-°p-∂X - n\mbn sIm´n-tLm-jn®v \S-Ønb aq∂m¿ Hm∏- t d- j s‚ ka- b Øv amcm-cn-°p-fØpw Itø-‰ß - ƒ Hgn-∏n-

°¬ \S-]Sn \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. s]mXp- ÿ ew Itø- d nb Hcp dntkm¿´ns‚ `qan amcm-cn-°p-fØv ]nSn-s®-Sp-sØ-¶nepw th≠{X am[ya- { i≤ e`n- ° m- X n- c p- ∂ - X n- \ m¬ s]mXp-k-aqlw Adn-bm-sX-t]m-bn. aq∂m-dnse ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-I-˛-km-aqlnI kml- N - c y- ß - f n¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kX v a - mbn amcm-cn-°p-fØv XoctZ-ihpw Xoc-tZ-iØv a’y-_-‘\-sØm-gn-ep-ambn Ign-bp∂ P\-hn`m-K-ß-fp-amWv Sqdnkw hnI-k-\Øns‚ `mK-ambn Zpcn-X-ß-f-\p-`-hn°p-∂X - .v Cu {]h-WX - I - ƒs°-Xnsc i‡-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ {]tZisØ Hcp hnIm-cn-bpsS IW-°p{]-Imcw Be-∏p-gb - psS Xoc-{]-tZ-iß- f nse 4000- ˛ 5000 G°¿ `qan Ct∏mƒ dnb¬ FtÉv t{_m°¿amcpsS ]°-em-Wv. Bbn-cØ - n-e[ - nIw IpSpw-_-߃ Xoc-ß-fn¬\n∂pw IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°s - ∏-´n-´p-≠.v IqSp-X¬ kmaq-ln-I, kmwkvIm-cnI, ]mcn-ÿnXnI \c-hw-ii - mkv{X ]T-\ß - ƒ Cu ]em-b\ - ß - f - psS {]iv\ß - s - f-°p-dn®v \S-t°-≠X - p-≠.v knhn¬ kaq-lØ - ns‚bpw A°m-Z-ao-jy-∑m-cp-sSbpw kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw am[y-a-ß-fpsSbpw {i≤ hnj-bØ - n¬ ASn-b¥-ca - mbn ]Xn-tb-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. [email protected] 9447218282

kotdm-thÃv ˛ tImhfw tImh-fsØ amen-\y-cl - nX Sqdnkw {]tZ-ia - mbn am‰p∂-Xn-\mbn Sqdnkw hIp-∏n-t‚bpw XW-¬ F∂ ]cn-ÿnXn kwL-S\ - b - p-sSbpw {Kma-]© - m-bØ - n-s‚bpw tlm´¬˛Sqdnk hyhkm-bn-If - p-sSbpw hen-sbmcp {iaw \S-°p-∂p. hn`-h߃ ]mgm-°¬ XS-b¬, ]p\-cq-]t- bmKw Iq´¬, XI-cm-dpIƒ ]cn-lc - n-bv°¬, D]-t`m-KØ - ns‚ Afhv Ipd-bv°¬, ]p\x-Nw-{I-aWw, \ntcm-[n-°¬ As√-¶n¬ L-´a - mbn D∑qe\w sNø¬, Itºm-Ãnßv AYhm ssPh-hf \n¿Ωm-Ww XpS-ßn-bh - bn-eqsS ]mgvhkvXp-°sf ]cn-lc - n-°m≥ kotdmthÃv {ian-°p-∂p. kaql-Øns‚ F√m taJ-e-I-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-hcpw F√m {]mb-°mcpw Hcp-t]mse ]s¶-Sp-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta kotdm-thÃv bmYm¿∞y-am-°p∂p. Ah-cp-tS-Xmb ]¶p-h-ln-°m-\p-s≠∂v hkvXpX a\- n-em-°n-bp≈ {]h¿Ø\߃ am{Xta e£yw ImWp-I-bp-≈p.

πm®n-aS kacw Ggmw-h¿j-Øn-te°v tIc-fobw {]tXyI ]Xn∏v G{]n¬ 22 KÃv FUn-‰¿ : tUm. Sn.-Sn. {ioIp-am¿ am‰-dp-Ifpw \n¿t±-iß - fpw £Wn-°p-∂p.

tIc-fobw Iq´mbva Xm¶-fpsS klmbw tXSp∂p Iq´mbva AwKXzw 10,000 cq] BPo-h-\m¥ hcn-kwJy hntZ-i-tØ°v 8000 cq] C¥y-bn¬ 5,000 cq] hm¿jnI hcn-kwJy 12 e°w C¥y-bn¬ 240 cq] ÿm]-\-߃°v 500 cq] hntZ-i-tØ°v 1000 cq] IØp-Iƒ, hm¿Ø-Iƒ, kw`m-h-\ hcn-kwJy _‘-s∏-SpI : tIc-fo-bw, sIm°m-se, Xriq¿˛21 t^m¨ : 9446576943, 9447674375

IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-߃°v : XW¬, F®v-˛3, Ph-l¿\-K¿, Ih-Sn-bm¿ ]n.-H., Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛695 003. www.thanal.org, kotdm-thÃv sk‚¿, tImhfw ]n.-H., Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛695 527

Bh-iy-ap≠v a\- n¬ \∑bpw aXn-bmb tbmKy-Xb - p-ap≈ h\nXm tkmjy¬ h¿t°-gk v ns‚ tkh\w Bh-iy-ap-≠.v _‘-߃°v : ]p\¿P-\n Nmcn-‰-_nƒ {SÃv t^m¿ Un˛-A-Un-£≥ & dnlm-_n-en-t‰j≥, ]qae ]n.-H., Xriq¿. t^m¨ : 0487 2201332. www.p.narjani.org. 12

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2008

am¿®v

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hni-I-e\w

tIcf Sqdnkw (I¨k¿th-j≥ B‚v {]nk¿th-j≥ Hm^v Gcn-bmkv) BIvSv, 2005 : Hcp hni-I-e\w CtIz-j≥kv ]cn-`mj : ]n.-Fkv. at\m-PvIp-am¿ I-fmbn SqdnÃv {]tZ-i-ßsf am‰nØo¿°p-∂X - n-\p≈ {]{In-b. {]mtZinI ]cn-ÿn-Xn-bp-sSbpw kwkvImc- Ø n- s ‚bpw kmº- Ø n- I - X - b psSbpw bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw k©m-cn-Isf Xpc-Øp∂ {]{In-bb - mWn-Xv. CXv {]mtZ-inI kaq-lß - sf KpW-^-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \ne-\nev]n¬\n∂pw AI-‰p∂ Hcp amXrI-bm-Wv. s]mXp Bkq- { XW {]{In- b Isf (\-K-c-˛-{Km-am-kq-{XW \nb-aØns‚ ASn- ÿ m- \ - Ø n- e p≈h) Cu \nbaw Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂p. ]Icw, {]tXyI Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ Bhn-jI v c - n-°s - ∏Sp∂ Sqdnkw tI{μnX hnI-k-\ßsf Cu \nbaw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw \ne-]m-SpIsfSp°m≥ Ign-hp≈Xv cmjv{S-Øn\m-sW∂pw P\-߃°-s√-∂p-ap≈ sImtfm- W n- b ¬ {]mIv S n- k ns\ XmØzn-I-ambpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambpw ASn-hc - b - n-´p-d∏ - n-°p-∂X - mWv Cu \nb-aw. hntI-{μo-I-c-W-Øns‚ {]mtZinI `c-W-Iq-S-߃°v A[n-Imcw ]IØp \evIn-b-Xn-s‚bpw Ncn-{XØns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ]cn-tim[n-°p-tºmƒ CXv ]nd-tIm-´S- n-°p∂ Hcp \S-]-Sn-bmbn tXm∂p-∂p.

2005 s^{_p- h cnbnemWv tIcf k¿°m¿ tIcf Sqdnkw \nbaw ]m m- ° n- b - X v. ""Cu kwÿm-\Ø - nse SqdnÃv taJ-eI - ƒ Is≠- Ø p- ∂ - X n\pw AXp- a mbn _‘-s∏´ Imcy-߃ \S-Øp-∂-Xn\p-am-Wv'' Cu \nbaw Bhn-jvI-cn°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂s - X∂v \nb-aØ - ns‚ t]cpw AXns‚ apJ-hp-cbpw hy‡am-°p-∂p. kwÿm-\-Ønse Nne {]tZ-i-߃ {]tXyI Sqdnkw taJe-I-fm-sW∂v (C\n apX¬ Fkv.Sn.-sk-Uv) \nbaw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. AØcw taJ-e-Isf SqdnÃv taJe-I-fm°n hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿§-ßfpw ]≤-Xn-Ifpw AXm-hnjvI-cn-°p-∂p. {]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠-sX∂p R߃°p tXm∂p∂ Imcy-߃ {]mtZ-inI kzbw-`-cW ÿm]\-ß-fpsS A[n-Im-c-ß-fn-te°pw Ah-Im-i-ß-fn-te°pw Cu \nbaw IS-∂p-I-b-dp-∂p. C¥y≥ `c-W-LS- \ - b n¬ hcp- Ø nb 73, 74 t`ZKXnIfn-eqsS Xt±i kzbw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ ssIh-cn® A[n-Imcm-hI - m-iß - f - mWv ewLn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂Xv. 1994se tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv \nb-aØ - nse hIp-∏p-Isfbpw `c-WL-S\m t`Z-K-Xn-I-sfbpw ewLn°p∂h-bmWv Sqdnkw ]cn-]m-e-\-˛kw-c-£W IΩn-‰nbpw AXns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Sqdnkw \nbaw B IΩn-‰n°p \evIp∂ A[n-Im-cß-fpw, {]tXyI taJ-e-I-fn¬ Cu \nb-a-߃°v {]k-‡n-bn-√m-Xm-bnØo-cp-∂p. AS™ "Sqdnkw Xpcp-Øp-I'fpsS amXr-I-bm-WXv apt∂m-´p-shbv°p-∂Xv˛Sq-dn-k-Øn\p hnkvXr-Xam-hm≥ km[n-°p∂ AS™ Zzo]p2008

am¿®v

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≠v . F∂m¬ kwÿm- \ - Ø nse G‰hpw em`- a p- f - h m- ° m- \ m- h p∂ taJ-e-Isf Sqdn-k-Øns‚ hnI-k\-Øn-\mbn {]Jym-]n-°m-\p≈ AanXm-[n-Im-c-߃ hfsc hy‡-ambn AXn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Cu {]{In- b - b n¬ ]©m- b - Ø pIƒ°v `c- W - L - S - \ m- ] - c - a mbn kn≤n® A[n- I m- c - ß - f n¬ ssItø‰w \S-Øp-∂p. kμnKv≤ \n¿Δ-N\ - ß - ƒ : AXmcy-Xb - n-tebv°pw DØ-ch - m-Zn-Øa - n-√mbva-bn-tebv°pw \bn°pw BIvSnse 3˛mw hIp-∏n¬ C{]Imcw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p: kwÿm-\Ø - n-\I - Øv Sqdn-kØ - n\p {]m[m-\y-ap-≈tXm `mhn-bn¬ D≠mtb-°m-hp-∂tXm Bb {]tZ-i-ßtfXpw Kk‰v hn⁄m-]\w hgn ]cn]m-e-\-Øn\pw kwc-£-W-Øn\pw kwtbm-PnX hnI-k-\-Øn-\p-ambn "{]tXyI Sqdnkw taJ-eI'fmbn k¿°m-cn\v {]Jym-]n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv' Cu \n¿Δ-N\w hfsc kμnKv≤X - b - p-fh - m-°p-∂X - m-Wv. "GXp {]tZiw' F∂- X n\v ]cn- [ n- I ƒ shbv°p-Itbm AXns‚ A¿∞-Xe-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn-´n-√. "GXp {]tZi'hpw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Pn√, tªm°v, {Kma]-©m-bØv XpS-ßnb `c-W] - c - a - mb GI-I-ß-sfbmtWm _o®v IS-temcw, Imb¬, ImSv, ae-Iƒ XpS-ßnb `ua-ta-JeIsf-bmtWm Dt±-in-°p∂-sX∂p hy‡-a-√. "GXp {]tZi'Øns‚bpw DS-aÿm- h - I m- i - Ø ns‚ (s]mXp/ kzImcyw/kap-Zm-bw) kz`m-h-sØ°p- d n®v Cu \nbaw \n»- _ v Z X ]men-°p-∂p. GXv {]tZ-i-sØbpw Fkv.-Sn.-sk-Uv. B°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

Cu \nb- a - Ø ns‚ hnkv X rX hna¿iw `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 73, 74 t`Z-KXn-Iƒs°Xncv kwÿm- \ - Ø n- e p≈ Sqdnkw taJ-e-I-fpsS ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn\pw kwc-£-W-Øn-\p-amWv Cu \nbaw Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v BIvSns‚ BapJw hy‡-am-°p-∂p○

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13

STZ F∂ k¶ev]w : P\m[n-]Xy hncp-≤w, P\-hn-cp≤w GsX-¶nepw {]tXyI {]tZi- ß sf/`mK- ß sf Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-Øn\mbn Is≠-Øp∂Xv ]pXn-sbmcp Imcy-a√ - . 1992 se tZiob Sqdnkw \b-Øn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ {]tXyI Sqdnkw {]tZ-iß - f - n-eqsS (C\n apX¬ STZ) bmWnXv BZyambn Bhn-jI v c - n-°s - ∏-´X - .v 1992 ¬ Fkv.-Sn.-F. \bw Bhn-jvIcn- ° - s ∏- ´ - t ∏mƒ FSpØp ]d™ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xnh-bm-Wv : t_°¬, kn‘pZp¿K (a- l m- c m- j v { S), Znbp, Im©o-]p-cw, alm-_en]pcw. hnhn[ hn`mK-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ITn-\a - mb FXn¿∏p-Iƒ t\cn-tS≠n h∂-Xn-\m¬ Cu \n¿t±-i-߃°v Imcy-amb ]ptcm-KXn ssIh-cn-°m\m-bn-√. Fkv.-Sn.-sk-Uv., Fkv.-Sn.F. XpS-ßn-b-hbpw kam-\-am-Xr-IIfpw "hne-bnX {]tZ-i-ß-sf-bmWv \n¿Ωn-°p-I. Sqdn-k-Øns‚ ImcyØn¬ Ch "{]tXyI Zzo]p-Iƒ' D≠m- ° p- ∂ - X n\mWv {ian- ° p- I . AhnsS ]ptcm-K-an-°pI Db¿∂ t{iWn-bn-ep≈ Sqdnkw am{X-am-bncn-°pw. Aßns\ {]mtZ-inI ]cnÿn- X n- b n¬ \n∂pw kwkv I m- c Øn¬ \n∂pw kmº-Øn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂pw Ah AI‰n \n¿Ø-s∏-Sp∂p. Cu Xpcp-Øp-Iƒ {]mtZ-inI hn`-hß - sf NqjWw sNøp-∂h - b - m-

{]{In-b-I-sf-°p-dn®v Cu \nbaw \ni-_vZ-am-hp-∂p. hIp∏v 3¬ ]d™-Xp-t]mse "{]tXyI Sqdnkw taJ- e - I ƒ' F∂- X n\v hy‡- a msbmcp \n¿Δ- N \w sImSp- ° m≥ \nb-aØ - n-\m-hp-∂n-√. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]tXyI {]tZisØ Fkv . - S n.- s k- U v . Bbn {]Jym- ] n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v k¿°m¿ AXns‚ F√m \nb-a-]-c-amb AhIm-i-ßfpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-®n-´n-s√∂v \nb-a-Øns‚ Hc-h-tem-I\w \sΩ t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Sqdnkw km≤yX-I-fp-≈tXm `mhn-bn¬ km≤y-XI- f p- ≠ m- t b- ° m- h p- ∂ tXm Bb {]tZ-i-߃ am{Xta Fkv.-Sn.-skUv. Bbn {]Jym-]n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - p≈q F∂ [mc-W-bm-WXp \evIp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ \ne-hn¬ kwÿm-\-Øp-S\ofw Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-I-fm-hn-jvI-cn°m\pw AXn-\mbn \nt£-]-߃ \S-Øm\pw k¿°m¿ Xøm-dm-hpIbpw sNøp- ∂ Xv a\-   n- e m- ° pIbpw sNbv X m¬ \ap- s °mcp Imcyw t_m≤y-s∏-Spw. tIc-fØ - n¬ Sqdnkw tI{μ- ß - f psS km{μX hfsc-tb-sd-bmWv; AXv kwÿm\-Øp-S-\ofw hym]n®p InS-°p-∂p. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂, \n¿Δ-N-\Ønse Ahy-‡-X, bmsXmcp \nb{¥-W-hp-an-√m-Ø Xc-Øn¬ Sqdn-kØns‚ ]S¿®bv°p Imc-W-am-tb°mw.

14

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Wv. F∂m¬ {]mtZ-inI kmº-ØnI-Xbv°v Ch-bn¬ \n∂p≈ t\´ßƒ \yq\-X-e-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv. CØcw Xpcp-Øp-Isf G‰hpw kpc£n- X - a mb \nt£- ] - ß - f m- b mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. Imem-h-ÿm-t`-Z-ß-fn√mØ \nc-¥c - hpw hniz-\o-bh - p-amb hcp-am-\-am-WXv Dd-∏p\-evIp-∂-Xv. CØ- c - Ø nep≈ Xpcp- Ø p- h - X v I cWw Nne sXmgn¬ Xpcp-Øp-If - psS \n¿Ωm- W - s Øbpw hn`m- h \w sNøp∂p. Nne {]tXyI sXmgn¬°q- ´ - ß ƒ°v Nne- X cw tPmen-Iƒ \evIm≥ Sqdnkw hnIk-\-Øn-eqsS km[n-°p-∂p. CXv {]mtZ-inI kaq-lsØ ]pd-¥-≈p∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-W.v "taJe'bneqsS Fs¥-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ t\´-߃ Ah¿°p e`n-°p-∂n-√. Xt±-ik - z-bw`-cW ÿm]-\-߃°v cmjv{Sob taJ-eb - nepw hnI-k\ taJ-eb - n-epap≈ A[n-Im-cß - s - fbpw ]-¶m-fn-ØsØbpw "FSp-Øp-am-‰p∂p' F∂Xpw CØcw taJ-eI - f - psStbm {]tZ-iß-fp-sStbm ÿm]-\h - p-ambn _‘s∏´ `hn-jy-Øm-Wv. kam-\-amb coXn-bn¬ a‰p kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw \o°-߃ \S-°p-∂p≠v˛I¿ÆmSIØnse lw]n-bn¬, Hdo- b - nse Nn¬° XSm-IØ - n¬, KpP-dm-Ønse tIhm-Un-b-bn¬. (XpS-cpw) enk, Sn.-kn.-˛27/788, F.-B¿.-F.˛112 \v FXn¿hiw, AØmWn sebn≥, h©n-bq¿, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛695 035 www.equitabletourism.org

hcbpw hcnbpw

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d^oJv Al-ΩZv

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2008

am¿®v

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BtcmKycwK kzIm-cy-hX - I v c - W - Ø - n\pw, IpØIhXv ° - c - W - Ø n\pw A\p-hmZw \¬In-sIm≠v saUn°¬ Sqd- n kw F∂ am{¥nI hnf°pw sXfn- ® n- c n- ° p- I - b m- W v , C¥y≥ Bip-]-{Xn-I-fnse bqtdm]y≥ \n-eh - m-cØ - n-ep≈ NnIn’m {][m\ hnt\mZ k©mc tI{μ-ßfnse Hgnhp Imew F∂- X mWv ]pXnb ka-hm-Iyw. C¥ym Kh¿sa‚ v hntZ-iß-fn- ¬ tdmUv tjmIfpw hmWnPy taf-Ifp-ambn saUn-°¬ Sqdnkw {]NmcW {ia-߃ \S-Øp-tºmƒ tIcfw ssIsIm´n amdn-\n¬°psXßs\? tIc-fw Bbp¿th-Zh - pw, akm-Pnw-Kpw tImkvsa‰nIv k¿÷dn-bpw, lukv t_m´pw, a¨kq-Wp-sa√mw tN¿Øv Hcp ]mt°Pv D≠m°n saUn-°¬ {Smh¬ Fs∂mcp t]cp-an-´p. kzbw Nm¿Øn In´nb "ssZh- Ø ns‚ kz¥w \mSv' F∂ te-_epw bqtdm]y≥ cmPy-ßf - p-ambn Xmc-Xa - y-s∏-SpØp- t ºmƒ ]Ø- n - s em∂v am{Xw hcp∂ NnIn’m sN-ehpw sasºmSn-bmbn \¬In-bmWv hn]-W-\w. 15,000 hntZi tcmKn-Iƒ 2006 ¬ tIcfw kμ¿in®p F∂mWv IW°v. 2010 HmSp-IqSn CXv Hcp e£w B- ° p- I - b mWv e£yw (C¥y kμ¿in-°p∂ saUn-°¬ Sqdn-ÃpI-fpsS 20 iX-am-\-tØmfw hcpw CXv). 2007 am¿®v 24 \v sIm®n-bn¬ \S∂ tIcf sl¬Øv Sqdnkw ktΩ- f - \ w- e- £ y- a n- S p- ∂ Xpw as‰m1∂p-a-√. tIc-fsØ temIØnse A©v {][m\ saUn-°¬

BtcmKy Sqd-nkw

""AXn-Yn-I-f-psS kz¥w \m´n¬'' \nJne Fw.-hn-Pbv

hntZi \mWy-Øn\pw hntZi \nt£-]ß - ƒ°pap≈ D]m-[n-bmbn Sqdn-ksØ Db¿Øn-Im´n \ΩpsS Icbpw, Imbepw Xochpw Sqd-n-kØn\v Xosd-gp-Xn--sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CØcw Iog-Sß - f - ep-If - psS as‰mcp ]cn-th-ja - mWv saUn-°¬ Sqdnkw F∂ Hma-\t- ∏-cn¬ hf¿∂p hcp∂ BtcmKy Sqdn-kw. G‰hpw B[-p\ - n-Ia - mb NnIn’m kuI- c y- ß ƒ, sshZ- K v [ y- a m¿∂ BtcmKy ]me-I¿, apd-pa - p-dp- ∏n-√msX Ccp-]Øn \mep aWn-°q-dpw tcmKnIsf ]cn-Nc - n-°p∂ t\gvkp-am¿ ˛ ]© \£{X Bip-]-{Xn-Iƒ ˛ kz]v \ - t em- I - Ø n- s e- ∂ - t ]mse \ΩpsS BtcmKy cwKw hf-cp-Ib - mWv, Ct¥m Sqdnkw ]d-bp-∂-Xpt]mse C≥s{I- U n- _ nƒ C¥y (!ncredible India)! CsX√mw C¥ybnse `qcn-]£w hcp∂ Zcn-{Z¿°pw km[m-c-W-°m¿°p-am-sW∂v IcpXnsb- ¶ n¬ sX‰n. CsXm∂pw Ah¿°p-≈-X-√. adn-®v, tUmf-dpambn hcp∂ hntZ- i nIƒ°pw C¥y≥ htc-Wy-h¿§-Øn\pw am{X-am-bn-´mWv. ""C¥y-bnse B`y-¥c NnIn’m cwKsØ Xmc- X - t ay\ Nnehv Ipd™ NnIn’m kuI-cy-߃ hntZ- i n- I ƒ D]- t bm- K n- ° p- ∂ Xv 2008

am¿®v

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t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂X - n-\mbn saUn°¬ k¿Δo-kp-Iƒ°v Ib-‰p-aXn ]cn-KW - \ \¬Ip-Ibpw \nIpXnbnfhp-Iƒ°pw ad--dm-\p-Iq-ey-߃°pw NnIn’m cwKsØ A¿l-am-°psa∂pw'' C¥y Kh¿sa‚ ns‚ BtcmKy \bw FSp-Øp-]d - b - p-∂p. tZiob BtcmKy \b-Ønse Cu {]Jym-]\ - Ø - n\v hgn-sh-®Xv {][m-\a-{¥n-bpsS hym]mc hyh-kmb D]tZi kan-Xn-bpsS ip-]m¿i BsW∂Xpw Cu k-an-Xn-bnse {][m\ AwK-߃ Ipamc awKew _n¿fbpw aptI-jv Aw_m-\nbpw t]mep≈ IpØI apX- e m- f n- a m- c m- b n- c p∂p F∂Xpw CtXm-sSm∏w Iq´n hmbnt°-≠X - m-Wv. tIm¨s^- U - t d- j ≥ Hm^v C¥y≥ C≥U-kv{Snbpw sa°≥kn F∂ I¨kƒ´≥kn Iº\nbpw tN¿∂v kwbp-‡a - mbn \S-Ønb ]T\-Øn¬ saUn-°¬ Sqdnkw 2021 HmsS 2.2 _ney¨ tUmf- d ns‚ A[nI hcp-am\w sIm≠p hcp-sa∂m-Wv I-W° - m-°p-∂X - v. 2004 ¬ H∂-c e£w hntZi Sqdn-Ãp-Im¿ C¥y-bn¬ FØp-Ibpw 1500 tImSn cq] NnIn’°mbn am{Xw C¥ybn¬ sNe- h n- S p- I bpw sNbv X p F∂mWv IW-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂X - v. AXn-\m¬ \ΩpsS Kh¿-sa‚m-Is´ ○

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\nco-£Ww

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15

Sqdnkw tI{μ- ß - f m- ° pI F∂ e£y-tØmsS kwÿm-\- k¿°m¿ saUn-°¬ Sqdnk \bw Xøm-dm°n hcp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønse {]h¿Ø-\ßsf GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn {]apJ kzImcy Bi- p - { Xn- I sf Dƒs∏-SpØn Hcp SmkvIv t^mgvkpw cq]-s∏-SpØn Ign-™p. \ne-hnep≈ amen-bn-sebpw Kƒ^v cmjv{S-ßf - nsebpw tcmKn-Isf IqSmsX "bqtdm]y-≥ tcmKn-Is - f-'bmWv kwÿm\w C-t∏mƒ e£y-an-Sp-∂X - v. BtcmKy cwKsØ DZmc h¬°c- W - Ø ns‚bpw kzImcy h¬°-cW - Ø - n-s‚bpw NphSp ]nSn®v C¥y≥ BtcmKy cwKØv NphSpd∏n-®h - c - mWv C¥y-bnse an° tIm¿∏-td-‰v tlmkv]n-‰-ep-I-f-pw. C¥y≥ BtcmKy cwKsØ hn]W\ km≤yXIfmWv CØ-cs - amcp \o°-Øn\v ]n∂n¬. hntZi C¥y°m¿, bqtdm- ] y≥ cmPy- ß - f n¬ \n∂p-f-f kº-∂¿ (C-Xn¬ bp.F.kv. NnIn-’m N - n-ehv Xmß-m≥ høm-Øh - cpw, C≥jp-d≥kv ]cn-cj C√m-Øh - cpw, {_n´-\nse \mj-W¬ sl¬Øv k¿Δo-kns‚ Iyq k-{ºZmbØm¬ ASn-b¥ - nc NnIn’ e`ya- √ m- Ø - h cpws∏Sp- ∂ p). IqSmsX Z£ntWjy ˛ km¿°v, B{^n-°, apX-emb cmPy-ßf - n¬ \n∂pw hcp∂ B[p-\nI NnIn’m kz¥w- cmPyØv e`y-a√ - m-Øh - ¿ F∂n-ßs\ aq∂v hn`m-Kß - f - mWv {][-m\ - a - mbpw C¥ybn-se-Øp-∂X - v. 1991 BKÃv apX¬ 97 BKÃv hsc- b p- f - f Ime- b - f hn¬ am{Xw t^mdn≥ C≥sh-Ãs -v a‚ v {]tam-j≥ t_m¿Uv C¥y BtcmKy cwKØv 3600 aney¨ cq]-bpsS t\cn-´p≈ hntZi \nt£-]ß - ƒ°v A\p-aXn \¬In- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . saUn- t \m- h , shm°m¿´v, At∏m-tfm, saUn-kn-‰n, XpS-ßnb kq∏¿ kvs]jym-en‰n tlmkv]n-‰-ep-Iƒs°m∏w hntZi C≥jp-d≥kv Iº-\n-If - pw C¥y≥ Btcm-Ky-cw-KØv ]nSn apdp-°n-bn-cn°p-∂p. BtcmKy cwKsØ Cu kzImcy-h¬°-cWw, tIm¿∏-td‰v h¬°cW {]h-WX - I - ƒ ]e {]Xym-Lm-Xßfpw krjvSn-°p-∂p-≠v. CXm-hs´ hntZi \mWyw F∂ apJy {]tem`\-Øn¬ apßn-t]m-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ 16

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1991 BKÃv apX¬ 97 BKÃv hsc- b p- f - f Ime- b - f hn¬ am{Xw t^mdn≥ C≥sh- à - v sa‚ v {]tam- j ≥ t_m¿Uv C¥y BtcmKy cwKØv 3600 aney¨ cq]-bpsS t\cn-´p≈ hntZi \nt£- ] - ß ƒ°v A\p- a Xn \¬In- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . saUn- t \m- h , shm°m¿´v , At∏m-tfm, saUn-kn-‰n, XpSßnb kq∏¿ kvs]jym-en‰n tlmkv ] n- ‰ - e p- I ƒs°m∏w hntZi C≥jp-d≥kv Iº-\nI-fpw C¥y≥ Btcm-Ky-cwKØv ]nSn apdp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Cßs\ hntZi Iº-\n-If - pw Bip]-{Xn-If - pw \ne-hn¬ hcp-∂t- XmsS C¥y-bn-te-s°-Øp∂p F∂p ]dbp∂ hntZi \mWyhpw AXns‚ ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ t\´-ßfpw XncnsI hntZi cmPy- ß - f n- t e°p Xs∂ XncnsI FØp∂ Hcp kmº-ØnI tNm¿® BWv ^e-Øn¬ kw`-hn°p-∂X - v. tIcf imkv{X kmlnXy ]cnjØv tIc-fØ - n¬ \S-Ønb ]T\Øn¬ 1987 ¬ 81 cq] am{X-am-bncp∂p Btfm- l - c n- hm¿jnI NnIn’m sNehv 2004 ¬ 1722 cq]bmbn Db¿∂-Xmbn ImWn-°p-∂p. Hcp-Xh - W tcmKw h∂m¬ NnIn-’n°m-\p≈ sNe-hn¬ h∂n-´p≈ h¿≤\-hv CXnepw `oa-am-Wv. C¥y≥ BtcmKy cwKsØ Ipd™ k¿°m¿ ]¶m-fn-Øhpw IqSn hcp∂ kzImcy ]¶m-fn-Øhpw BtcmKy ]cn-]m-e-\hpw NnIn’ bpw Hcp- km-[m-cW C¥y-°m-cs\ kw_-‘n-®n-St- Ømfw sNe-th-dn-bXpw, A{]m-]y-hp-am-Ip-∂p. C¥ym Sqdnkw Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p∂ Nnehp Ipd- ™ NnIn’ Hcp icm- i cn C¥ym- ° m- c s\ kw_- ‘ n- ® n- S tØmfw Akw-_‘-am-Wv. em`w am{Xw e£y-an-´p≈ saUn-°¬ Sqdnk-Øns‚ \nL-≠p-hn¬ sNe-thdnb kq∏¿ kvs]jym-en‰n Bi-p] - {Xn-Iƒ am{Xta D≈q. AXv Hcp L´○

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Ønepw Chn- S psØ BtcmKy {]iv\ß - sf A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-°p-∂n-√. adn®v C∂sØ BtcmKy cwKsØ {]iv\ß - sf IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Æ-am°p-Ib - mWv sNøp-∂X - v.

akvXnjv° tNm¿® (Brain Drain)

saUn-°¬ Sqdn-kØ - n-s‚ as‰mcp Zpc-¥-amWv akvXnjv° tNm¿® (Brain Drain) BtcmKy Sqdnk cwKØv {]_-ec - mbn hcp∂ F√m tIm¿∏- t d‰v tlmkv ] n- ‰ - e p- I - f pw henb \K-c-ß-fnepw ]´-W-ß-fnepam-Wv tI{μoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v ChbpsS \ne--\n¬∏m-Is´ sshZ-Kv[yam¿∂ BtcmKy ]cn- ] m- e - I sc B{i-bn-®mWv \n¬°p-∂-Xv. CXn\mbn cmPy-Øns‚ ap°nepw aqe-bnep-ap-ff tUmIvS¿am-tcbpw A\p_‘ {]h¿Ø-I-tcbpw `oa-amb iºfw \¬In H∏w tN¿°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ 73% Atem-∏Xn tUmIvS¿amcpw ]´-W-ß-f-n-emWv tPmen t\m°p-∂X - .v saUn-°¬ Sqdnk-Øns‚ ^e-ambn \K-cß - f - nse tlmkv]n-‰epI-fpsS h¿≤-\h - v, \Kc {]m-¥-ß-fnepw {Kma-ß-fnepw kzX- t h- b p≈ tUmIv S ¿am- c psS Zu¿e-`y-Øn\v B°w Iq´p-∂p. saUn°¬ Sqdnkw C≥U-kv{SnbpsS as‰m- c - h - I mi hmZ- a mWv dnthgvkv s{_bn≥ s{Ubn≥ (Re○

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2008

am¿®v

verse Brain Drain) F∂Xv C¥y-bnse "Xp—' iº-fØ - n¬ a\w aSpØv hntZi- ß - f n- t ebv ° v t]mb tUmIvS¿am¿°v saUn°¬ Sqdn-kØns‚ ^e-am-bp-≠mb tIm¿∏-td‰v tlmkv]n-dd-- e - p-If - n-tebv°v Xncn-s®Øp- I bpw Aßs\ s{_bv ≥ s{Ubn≥ XS- b m≥ IgnbpIbpw sNøpw F∂-XmWv Ah-Im-ih - m-Zw. AXm-bX - v, \ΩpsS kuI-cy-ßfn- s e√mw D]- t bm- K - s ∏- S p- Ø n, tIm¿∏-td‰v Bip]-{Xn-If - psS ioXf®mb-bn-encp∂v C¥y≥ akvXnjv°ßƒ hntZ-io-bsc NnIn-’nv°pw. C¥y°m-cs‚ \nIpXn D]-tbm-Kn®v k¿°m-cns‚ hnZym-`ym-k ÿm]\ßfn¬ Xp—-amb sNe-hn¬ D∂X hnZym-`ymkw \SØn hntZ-io-b¿°pw C¥y≥ htcWy h¿§- Ø n\pw th≠n am{Xw tkh-\a - \ - p-jT v n-°p∂ Cu {]h-WX Brain Dain A√ adn®v Brain Drain Plus BWv. 1986-˛96 ImeL-´Ø - n¬ 5000 tØmfw tUmIvS¿ am¿ Kh¿sa‚ v taJ-eb - n¬ tPmen sNbvXn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ ]Xn-\m-bncw t]cmWv kzImcy cwKØv {]h¿Øn®n- c p- ∂ - X v . CXv ImWn- ° p- ∂ Xv BtcmKy cwKsØ kzImcyh¬°cWw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu kzImcy h¬°-cWw C¥y-bnse 30- i-Xam\w P\-hn-`m-KsØ {]tXy-In®pw {KmaoW taJ-eb - n¬ NnIn’ \ntj[n-°p∂ AYhm NnIn’m sNehv Xmßm-\m-hm-Ø- km-lN - cyw D≠m°p-∂p.

\nIpXn Cf-hp-If - pw B\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ [mcmfw B\pIq-ey-߃ \nIpXn Cf-hp-Ifmbpw Ib-‰p-aXn Np-¶Ø - n-ep≈ Ipd-hmbpw tlmkv]n-‰-ep-Iƒ°v A\p-`-hn-°p∂p-≠.v IqSp-X¬ dh\yq hcp-am-\h - pw hntZi \mWy-ßfpw krjvSn-°ps∂∂ Ah- I m- i - h m- Z - h p- a mbn tIm¿t∏- t d‰v Bip- ] - { Xn- I - f pw hyhkmb tem_n-I-fpw IqSp-X¬ \nIp-Xn-bn-fh - p-Iƒ°pw B\p-Iq-ey߃°p-ambn Kh¿sa‚n\p apI-fn¬ kΩ¿≤w sNep-Øp-∂p. 2008-˛2009 tI{μ _P-‰n¬ Bip-]{- Xn-Iƒ°v 5 h¿jsØ \nIpXn Ah[n {]Jym]n-®p. CXpaq-ew, t^m¿´okv At∏mtfm-bpsS sjb-dn¬ 2.6% h¿-≤\ - h - p2008

am¿®v

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amc-Ia - mb Utbm-Ik v n≥, sa¿°p-dn, seUv XpSßn A]-IS- I - c - a - mb aen\o-I-mcn-Isf ]pdw X≈n A¥-co£sØ hnj-en]vXa - m-°p-∂p. Hcmip-]{Xn InS° Hcp-Zn-hkw icmicn 1 In. {Kmw amen\yw ]pd-¥≈ - p∂p. tIm¿∏-td‰v Bip-]{- Xn-Iƒ 2 aney¨S-¨ amen-\y-߃ Hcp-h¿jw ]pd-¥≈ - p-∂p. saUn-°¬ Sq-dn-Ãp-IfpsS h¿≤-\hpw ]pXnb Bip-]{- XnI-fpw kzm`m-hn-Ia - mbpw Cu Afhv Iq´pw. ^e-Øn¬ saUn-°¬ SqdnÃv sNe-hn-Sp∂ tUmf-dp-Iƒ Economic Leakage -˛IfneqsS hntZ-i-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ hs∂-Øp-Ibpw Ah¿ ]pd¥-≈p∂ amen-\y-߃ G‰p-hmßm≥ hn[n-°s - ∏´, anI® NnIn’m \ntj[n-°s - ∏´ Hcp P\hn-`m-Ka - mbn \mw A[x- ] - X n- ° p- I bpw sNøp- ∂ p. amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷- \ - Ø ns‚ ]tcm£ hne (Hidden cost) G¿s∏Sp-Øm-Øn-St- Ømfw Imew \ΩpsS BtcmKy cwKw hne (Hidden cost) Ipd- ™ - X mbn XpS- c pI Xs∂ sNøpw.

≠m-bX - mbmWv hm¿Ø-Iƒ ]d-bp∂Xv. an°- B-i-p-]-{Xn-Ifpw Nmcn-‰_nƒ {SÃv Bbn- ´ mWv cPn- Ã ¿ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\-bp≈ Bip- ] - { Xn- I ƒ 20% tcmKn- I sf kuP- \ y- a mbn NnIn- ’ n- ° - W w F∂mWv \nb- a w. ]t£ Cu \nbaw Im‰n¬ ]d-Øn-sIm-≠mWv ChnsS Bip-]{- Xn-Iƒ em`w s - Imøp-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, U-¬lnbnse At∏mtfm tlmkv]n-‰-en\v 1996 ¬ 15 G°¿ `qan Kh¿sa‚ v h¿jw 1 cq] F∂ \nc-°n¬ ]m´Øn\v sImSp- Ø - X m- W v . CXn¬ Bip-]{Xn \n¿Ωm-WØ - n-\mbn 2.4 aney¨ tUmf-dpw CIzn‰n Iym]n-‰embn 5.22 aney¨ tUmfdpw \¬In. a‰v \nIpXnIƒ°v ]pd-sa-bmWn-X.v AUvan‰v sNø-s∏-Sp∂ aq∂nsem∂v tcmKn- I ƒ°v kuP\y NnIn’ \¬IWw F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Icm¿. 1999-˛2000 ¬ Ah¿ 2% t]sc kuP-\y-ambn NnIn-’n®p. Cu 2 iX-am\w t]¿ cmjv{So-b-°m-cpw, Bip-]{Xn Poh-\° - mcpw IpØI apX-em-fn-amcpw Bbn-t∏mbn F∂Xn\v At∏mtfm F¥v ]ng®p? \nba ewL-\-Øn\v At∏mtfm s°Xn- c mbn tIkv FSp- ° m≥ Kh¿sa‚n\v CXp-hsc Ign™n´n√. Cßs\ t\m°n-bm¬ saUn °¬ Sqdnkw sIm≠p hcp∂ dh\yq hcp-am\w km[m-cW - ° - m¿°v Hcp-X-c-Ønepw KpW-I-c-am-hp-∂n-√ F∂p ImWmw. AXn- \ m¬ C≥Ukv{So tem_n-Iƒ Db¿ØnIm- W n- ° p∂ dh\yq hcp- a m\w F∂Xv shdpw DΩm°n am{X-am-Wv.

Ah-bh hym]mcw C¥y- b n- ¬ ]pXp h¿jw Bcw`n®Xv KpUvKm-hnse InUv\n cmPm-hns‚ IY-bp-am-bm-Wv. 5 hntZio- b sc At±- l - Ø ns‚ KÃv lukn¬ \n∂pw ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw NnIn’m ImØn-cn-°p∂ hntZ-io-bcpsS Hcp-\o-≠ ]´n-IX - s∂ Is≠Øp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Hcp]mSv hntZi-n-Iƒ Abm-fn¬ \n∂v NnIn’ tXSn temI-Øns‚ ]e `mK-ßfnepw Pohn- ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v . Ign™ h¿jw sNs∂-bn¬ \S∂ InUv\n hym]m-cØ - ns‚ {][m-\I - Æ - n- b - mbn h¿Øn- ® Xv saUn- ° ¬ Sqdnkw cwKØv {]_-ec - mb Hcp tlmkv]n‰-em-Wv. ]pd-Øn-dß - nb Gg-ph¿jw apºv tImgn-t°mSv \S∂ InUv\n Zm\- ß tfbpw AXn- e pƒs∏´ tlmkv]n-‰-ep-I-tfbpw tIc-f-°m¿ ad-°m≥ CS-bn-√. apI-fn¬ ]d™ aq∂v kw`- h - ß - f nepw InUv \ n hn¬t°≠n h∂-h-sc√mw Xs∂ kaq- l - Ø ns‚ Xmsg X´n¬ \n∂msW-∂Xpw {i≤-nt- °-≠X - m-W.v 2002 ¬ ]pd- Ø n- d - ß nb Hcpk¿sΔ- dn-t∏m¿´v ImWn-°p-∂Xv k¿tΔ-bn¬ ]s¶SpØ 96 iX-am\w

Bip- ] {Xn amen- \ y- ß fpsS \n¿Ωm¿÷\w ho´n-te-Xm-bmepw Bip-]{- Xn-bnte-Xm-bmepw amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷\w C¥y-°msc kw_‘n-®n-St- Ømfw Hcp _men-tI-dm-ae - b - m-Wv. dnk-]vj\nse IS-emkv apX¬ Hm∏-td-j≥ Xntb-‰d - n- se ikv{X-{Inbm AhinjvT߃ hsc H∂n-®n´v IØn-°pItbm HmS- I - f n- t e- b v s °m- g p- ° pItbm BWv ]e Bip-]{- Xn-If - n- e - pw s - N-øp-∂X - v. As√¶n¬ B[p-\nIw F∂v ]d-bs - ∏-Sp∂ C≥-sk-\t- d-‰d - pI-fn-en´v Fc-n®v If-bp-∂p. CXm-Is´ ○

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17

t]cpw ISw Xo¿°m-\mbn 4 e£w cq-]bv°v InUv\n hnd-dp F∂m-Wv. {_n´-Wn\pw a‰pw Iyq k{º-Zmbw Bb- X n- \ m¬ Ah- b hw am‰n shbv°¬ ikv{X-{Inb t]mep≈ ASn-b¥ - nc NnIn-’I - ƒ ka-bØv \S-Øm≥ km[n-°msX hcp-∂p. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ]Ww-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ GXv Nn-In-’bpw e`y-amb C¥y saUn-°¬ Sqdn-Ãp-If - psS ]dp-Zo-kbm-bX - n¬ A¤p-Xs - ∏-Sm-\n-√. KpUvKm-hnse InUv\n hym]mcsØ°pdn®v Hcp It\-Un-b≥ Sq¿ Hm∏-td‰¿ {]Xn-Ic - n-®X - n-ßs - \-bm-W.v Bh-iy-°m-c\v HuNnXyw t\mt°≠-Xn-√-t√m? icn-bm-Wv. CX-dn-bmhp∂ C¥ym Sqdnkw Incredible India sh_v ssk‰n¬ CØcw "hne Ipd™ Ah- b - h - ß ƒ' am‰n shbv°¬ ikv{X-{In-bI - sf Ipdn®v {]tXyIw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. 1994- ¬ \nehn¬ h∂ Human Organ Transplant Act Ah-bh hym]m-csØ Ip‰-IrXy-ambn ]d-bp-∂≠ - .v ]t£ \ΩpsS \nb-aØ - nse ]gp-Xp-Ifpw DtZym-Kÿ¿°n-S-bn-ep-≈- Ir-Xy-hn-tem-]ßfpw Cu \nb-asØ Zpcp-]t- bmK-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ CS-bm-°p-∂p. Cu \nb-asØ ZrVs∏-Sp--Øp-∂-Xn\v \n¿t±- i - ß - f p- b - c p- t ºmƒ Nne X¬∏c I£n-Iƒ CXns\ IqSpX¬ eLq-Ic - n-°W - s - a∂ Bhiyam-bmWv apt∂m´v hcp-∂-Xv. Nne \nKqV XmXv ] - c y- ß ƒ sh®v ] pe¿Øp∂ ae- b m- f - Ø nse Hcp{]apJ ]{Xhpw \nb-aw- t`-ZK - Xn hcp-

Øp-∂X - n\v apJ {]kwKw hsc-sbgp- X n. saUn- ° ¬ Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ hym]\w CØcw Ah-bh hym]m-c߃ Iq´m≥ hgn- s X- f n- b v ° pw. "{Sm≥kv π m‚ v Sqdnkw' F∂ ]pXnb {]tbmKw Xs∂ cq]-s∏´p Ign-™p.

SpØ Bƒ°m-Wt- {X. ]t£ D≠mIp∂ Ip´nbv°v P∑ sshIeyw Ds≠-¶n¬. Hcp {]kh-Øn¬ Cc-´Ip-´n-Iƒ D≠m-bm¬, {]k-hØ - n¬ Ip´n/AΩ acn-®m¬, {]k-ht- ØmsS AΩbv°v Fs¥-¶nepw Ipg∏-߃ D≠m-bm¬ Bcv DØ-ch -- m-ZnXzw Gs‰-Sp°pw? F¥v \nba ]cn-c£ - bmWv Cu kv{XoIƒ°v In´m≥ t]mIp-∂X - v.? BtcmKy Sqdnkw IqSp-X¬ {]Nm-cØ - n-em-Ip-∂t- XmsS apI-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® {]iv\-߃ h¿≤-n-°m\mWv km≤y- X . CØcw ASnÿm\ {]iv\-߃ H∂pw -N¿® sNømsX XnI®pw GI-]-£o-bambn CØcw Bi-b-ßsf ChnSpsØ Zcn-{Z-\m-cm-bW - ∑ - m-cn¬ ASnt®¬∏n-°p∂ Hcp {]h-WX - b - mWv \S-°p-∂X - v. BtcmKy kwc-£Ww F√m ]uc-∑m-cp-tSbpw Ah-Im-ia - msW∂ Xncn-®d - n-hn¬ \n∂p-thWw CØcw -N¿®-Iƒ XpS-tß-≠-Xv. ]pXnb Btcm-Ky-Sq-dnk \bsØ Ipdn-®p-f-f-N¿®-I-fpw {]Jym-]-\ßfpw \S-°p∂ Cu kml-N-cyØn¬ CØcw ASnÿm\ {]iv\߃ Xo¿®-bmbpw IW°n-se-Sp-°s∏-tS-≠X - m-Wv.

K¿`-]m{Xw hmS-Ibv°v Zmcn-{Zy-Øn\v apºn¬ Ah-bh߃ t]mepw hnev°m≥ Xømdmb C¥y- b nse ]mh- s ∏´ P\- ß ƒ C¥y≥ K¿`-]m-{X-Øn\v hntZ-iØv Bh-iy-°m¿ Ds≠-∂-dn™v hmSIbv°v sImSp-°m≥ t]mepw Xømdm-Ip-∂p. KpP-dmØv t]mep-≈- kwÿm-\ß - f - n¬ \n∂mWv CØ-cØ - nep≈ dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ ]pdØv h∂n-´p≈-X.v F≥.-Un.-‰n.-hn,. CØcw ktdmtK‰v atZ-gvkp-ambn (Sarogate Mothers) \S-Ønb IqSn-Im-gvNI - ƒ shfn-s∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv Zmcn{ZyamWv kv{XoIsf CXn\v t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂m-Wv. Hcp {]mhiyw K¿`-]m{Xw hmSIvbI v v \¬-Inb Hcmƒ t]mepw C\n F{X ]Ww In´n-bmepw CXm-h¿-Øn-°n√ F∂v Cu dnt∏m¿´v ]d-bp-∂p. K¿` ]m{X-at√ hnebv°v sImSp-°m≥ ]ddq amXrXzw F∂ hnImcw hn¬°m≥ km[n-°n-√t- √m F∂mWv ]e-cpw {]Xn-Ic - n-®X - v. aq∂v t\cw Bl-cn-°m≥ hI-bn√mØ kv{XoI-fmWv IpSpw_w ]pe¿Øm-\mbn _en-bm-Sm-hm≥ Cdßn-bn-cn-°p-∂X - .v Ip™p≠mIp-∂Xv hsc-bp≈ DØ-ch - m-ZnXzw hmS-Is - °-

(Xe-s°-´n-s\-°p-dn®v C¥ym Sqdnkw ]c-ky-߃ ]d-bp∂p AXnYn tZthm `hx F∂v AXm-bXv AXnYn ssZh-am-Wv. tIcf Sqdnk-am-Is´ "ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w \mSv' F∂pw, CXv c≠pw Iq´n hmbn- ° p- t ºmƒ CXv AXnYnIfpsS kz¥w \mSv ' F∂v hmbnt°≠n hcpw.)

[email protected]

ae-ºpg kvt]m©v Atb¨ {]h¿Ø\w \n¿ØpI ]n.-F-kv. ]Wn-°¿ ssZ¿Lyw (air distance) 1/2 In.ao. t]mep-an-√. h\-ta-J-e-bn¬ CØcw ht\-Xc {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ ]mSn-s√∂v h\-kw-c£ - W - \ - n-baw A\p-im-kn-°p∂p≠v. a≤y tIc-fØ - ns‚ Poh-tc-Jbpw, kwÿm-\sØ 1/8 `mKw P\߃°v IpSn-\o¿ \¬Ip-∂-Xp-amb `mc-X-∏p-g-bpsS apJy t]mj-I-\-Znbmb tImc-bm¿ Cu ^mIvS-dn°v kao]Øv IqSn-bmWv Hgp-Ip-∂-Xv. s]m∂m\n hsc-bp≈ `mc-X∏ - p-gb - bpw CXp-Im-cWw aen-\o-I-cn-°-s∏-Spw. "{]Ir-Xn-bpsS A¤p-Xk - rjvSn' F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kp{]-kn-≤amb ]me-°mSv Npc-Øn¬ (Palakkad Pass) ÿm]n-®n-´p≈ Cu ^m-IvSdn

]me- ° mSv Pn√- s b tIc- f Øns‚ s\√-bd - b - m-°p-∂Xv ae-ºpg Umam-Wv. ]me-°mSv ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰nbn-epw, kao-]-Øp≈ 8 {Kma-]-©mb-Øp-If - nepw (]p-Xp-t»-cn, acp-Xt- dmUv, ae-ºp-g, AI-tØ-X-d, ]ncm-bncn, ]pXp-∏-cn-bm-cw, sImSp-ºv, IÆmSn) Zml-Pew e`n-°p-∂Xv ae-ºpg Pem-i-b-Øn¬ \n-∂m-Wv. CXns‚ hrjvSn {]tZ-iØv am¥p-cpØn h\ta- J - e - b n¬ tIcfm kv t ]m©v Atb¨ ss{]h‰v enan-‰Uv F∂ ]Sp-Iq-‰≥ ^mIvSdn s^{_p-hcn 24 apX¬ {Sb¬ d¨ (]-co-£W \Sج) \S-Øn-hc - p-∂p. ChnsS \n∂pw ae-ºpg Pem-ib - Ø - n-te-°p≈ hmbq18

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{]Xn-h¿jw 18000 Fw.-Sn. kvt]m©v Atb¨ (]-®n-cpºv) BWv DZv]m-Zn∏n-°p-∂X - v. Xan-gv\m-´n¬ \n∂pw NpcØn¬ IqSn Nodn-]m™v hcp∂ Im‰v Pn√-bn-emsI CXns‚ aen-\o-Ic - Ww ]c-Øpw. kvt]m©v Atb-Wn¬ 3% Icn- b pw, teml- a m- e n- \ y- ß - f pw, Ccpºp [qfn-I-fpw, ]pIbpw a‰pw D≠m-Ipw. CXv \ΩpsS Pohn-XØ - ns‚ ASn- ÿ m\ LS- I - ß - f mb aÆpw, sh≈hpw hmbp-hpw AXoh Kpcp-Xc- a mb coXn- b n¬ aen- \ o- I - c n- ° pw. ^mIvS-dn-s°-Xnsc am¿®v 20\v ]me°mSv AXnYn lmfn¬sh®v _lpP\ I¨sh≥ j≥ \S-∂p.

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2008

am¿®v

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\nco-£Ww

{Ko≥ apJy-a-{¥n-bpsS Sqdnkw X´n-∏p-Iƒ sI.-B¿. cRvPnXv

tIc-fØ - ns‚ hnI-k\ - {- ]-Xn-k‘n NnIn-’n-®p-t`-Za - m-°m≥ aq∂pt\-chpw tkhn-°m≥ \n¿t±-in-°s∏´ c≠v H‰-aq-en-If - mWv sF Snbpw Sqdn-kh - pw. N{μ-_m-_p-\m-bn-Up-hn\v ssat{Im-tkm^v‰pw BtKmf sF Sn hyh-km-bn-Ifpw Nm¿Øn-s°mSpØ Cta-Pnte°v Db-cm≥ F√m kwÿm-\a - p-Jy≥am¿°pw D≈n-em{Klw tXm∂n-t∏m-b-Xns‚ ^ew IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p sF Sn °pth-≠nbp≈ Dƒhn-fn. Pn√ apgp-h≥ sF Sn ]m¿°p-Iƒ XpS-ßp-sa∂v tIc-fØns‚ lyqtKm jmthkv (kn B¿ \oe-I-WvT≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-tbmSv IS∏mSv) hn Fkv ANypXm\-μ≥ ]dbp-∂Xnepw Cusbmcp \mbnUp Fe-sa‚ v InS-∏p-≠v. tIc-fØ - ns‚ BZysØ "{Ko≥ apJy-a{¥n' hnZ-KvZcmb kz¥w D]-tZ-iI - c - psS ]n≥XpW- b m¬ D≠m°nsbSpØ Cta-Pn¬ sF Sn kulrZ˛]-cnÿn-Xn-˛-ku-lrZ LSIw D≠m-°n-s°mSpØ \yq GbvPv FUvPv sNdp-X√ - . h¿j-ßf - mbn sF Sn˛ Sqdnkw taJ-eI-ƒ tIc-fØns‚ hnIk\ AP-≠b - n¬ ap≥]¥n-bn¬ D≠mbn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ jmthkv Cs^Iv S pw \mbnUp LS-Ihpw Hcpan®p-t]mhp- ∂ - s X- ß s\ F∂ sshcp-≤ym-flI - X - b - n-emWv hn Fkv ANyp-Xm-\μ - ≥ apt∂m-´p-sh-b° v p∂ sFSn-˛S- q-dnkw hnI-k\ ]cn-t{]-£yØns‚ hnNn-{X-t^m¿ape shdpw Xam-ib - m-hp-∂X - v. k¿°m¿ `qan k¿°m- c n\pw \m´p-Im-cpsS `qan kvam¿Sv kn‰n°pw F∂ hnP-b{- io-em-fn-Xa - mb ANyqXm-\μ - ≥ X{¥w aqe-º≈ - n-bn-se-Øptºmƒ AXns‚ Ah-Xm-c-e£yw ]q¿W-ambpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. C≥t^m]m¿°v tIc- f - Ø ns‚ 2008

am¿®v

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tZiob A`nam\-Øns‚ {]iv\a - msW∂pw AXn-\m¬ hn´p-sIm-Sp°m≥ Ign-bn-s√-∂p-am-Wt√m dnb¬ FtÉv am{Xw sNbvXp ]cn-Nb - n® kvam¿´v kn‰n Iº-\n-tbm-sSSpØ BZysØ Xpdp-∏p-Kp-em≥. kzIm-cy`qan s]m∂pw-hn-ebvt°m \S-∏p-hnebvt°m F{X-th-Ws - a-¶nepw FSpØp-X-cmw. \m´p-Imsc hnI-k-\Øns‚ at\m-lc - a - mb ]mt°-Pn¬ ]d- ™ p- h n- ´ p. aqe- º n- ≈ n- b n¬ k¿°m¿ Ipd-®p-IqSn kvam¿´m-bn F∂v am{Xw. \Iv k - s se- ‰ pIƒ A≠¿ {Ku≠n¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂X - psIm≠v CSn-®p-\n-cØ - ¬ am{X-am-bncp∂p GI D≥aq-e\ - h - g - n. CXp-≠m°nb {]Xn-k‘n Nn√-ds - bm-∂p-ambn-cp-∂n-√. {Ko≥ apJy-a{¥n CsX¥n-\p≈ ]pd-∏m-SmWv F∂v At±lsØ hln-®p-sIm-≠p-\S- ∂ - n-cp∂

am-\a - mb s\Sp-ºm-t»cn hnam-\Ø - mh- f - Ø ns‚ Np‰p- h - ´ Øv hº≥ tKmƒ^v tImgvkns‚ \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ bp≤-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\Øn¬ ]ptcm-K-an-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. apJy-a{¥n sNb¿am-\mb hnam-\Øm-hf AtXm-dn-‰n-bmWv \n¿ΩmWw. 127 G°¿ Irjn`qan- b n¬ Ct∏mƒ ]®-∏p√pw Ir{Xn-aØ - S- m-Iß-fpw \n¿Ωn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - mWv , temI \ne- h m- c - Ø n- e p≈ tKmƒ^v tImgvkn-\p-th-≠n. H∏w h≥ sFSn ]m¿°pw ]m¿∏nS kap—-bß - fpw kq∏¿am¿°‰pw kznΩnMv]qfpw...-Sq-dn-k-Øn\pw sFSn°pw th≠-sX√mw Hcp-ßp-∂p. tIc-fØnse G‰hpw IÆmb ]mS-ti-Jc-߃ ]nSn-s®-SpØv Zfn-Xp-Isfbpw km[m- c - W - I ¿j- I - s Øm- g nem- f nIsfbpw Cd°nhn´v kz¥-am-°nb `qan-bn-emWv ]cn-ÿnXn kulrZ tKmƒ^v Ifn! Aayqkvsa‚ v ]m¿°v, temPn- à nIv sk‚¿, Iƒ®- d ¬ hnt√- P v , I¨sh≥j≥ sk‚¿, ss^hv Ãm¿, _UvP‰v tlm´- e p- I ƒ, aƒ´n sπIvkp-Iƒ, ssl∏¿amfp-Iƒ, tjm∏nMv sk‚dp-Iƒ, ^pUv tIm¿´v F∂n-hbpw hnam-\Ø - mh-f-Øn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®p≈ Fb-tdm-t{Sm-t]mfn- k n¬ D≠mIpw. s\Spºm-t»-cn-bnse ]mh-s∏´ I¿jI-cn¬ \n∂pw I¿j-Is - Øm-gn-em-fnI-fn¬ \n∂pw ]nSn-s®-SpØ \m\q‰n-bº - Xv G°¿ `qan-bn-emWv Cu \£{X kap-—bw Db¿∂p-hc - p-∂X - .v Sqdnkw hnI- k \w F∂m¬ AXn≥Øs∂ C≥{^m-kv{S-IvN¿ hnI- k \w D≈- S - ß n- b n- c n- ° p∂p F∂mWv XXzw. Sqdnkw C≥{^mkv { S- I v N ¿ hnI- k n- ° p- ∂ - t XmsS \mSpw Xms\ hnI- k n- ° pw F∂XmWv hnt\m- Z - h y- h - k m- b -

]cn-ÿnXn {]h¿Ø-I¿ aq°p-sNmdn-™p. CsXm∂pw At±lw Adn™n-cn-°m≥ CS-bn-√, Adn-™n-cps∂-¶n¬ CsXm∂pw kw`-hn-°m≥ CS-bn√. Fs∂ms° Bfl-KXw sNbvXv ka-c∏ - ¥ - e - p-If - n¬ kabw Ign-®p. aq∂m-dn¬ CSn-®p-\n-c-Øens‚ ]pfIw hn´p-amdpw apºmWv aqe-º-≈n-bnse "XI¿∏v' F∂-XpsIm≠v CXp-Xm-\√ - tbm AXv F∂v h¿Wy-Øn-em-i¶ - bpw D≠m-bn. CXn-\n-Sb - n¬ tIc-fØ - ns‚ A`n○

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19

Øns‚ henb ta≥a-bmbn FSp-ØpIm´p∂Xv. CtX temPnIv Xs∂bmWv Ct°m Sqdn-khpw apt∂m-´psh-bv°p-∂X - v. ]cn-ÿnXn Zp¿_e {]tZ-iß - f - n¬ CtIm Sqdnkw IS∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ Ct°m-f-Pn Xms\ kwc-£n-°s - ∏-´p-sIm-≈pw. ImcWw Ct°m-f-Pn-bn-√m-sX Sqdnkw C√ F∂-Xp-Xs - ∂. F∂m¬ CØcw efnX-bp-‡n-Iƒ shdpw IÆn¬s∏mSn am{X-am-hp∂p. s]mXp-J-P-\m-hn¬ \n∂v tNm¿∂p-t]m-hp∂ C≥{^m-k{v SIvN¿ hnI-k\ \nt£]w h≥InS Sqdnkw Ifn-°m-cpsS t]m°-‰mWv ho¿∏n- ° p- ∂ - X v . Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ t_mWkv t]mbn‚ v F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnI-k\w hcp∂p F∂ X´n-∏p-{]-NcWw hen-sbmcp tIm¿∏-td‰v KqVmtem-N\ - b - mbn ]cn-Wa - n-°p-∂X - v ChnsS- b m- W v . s\Sp- º m- t »- c n- b nse tKmƒ^v tIm¿´v CXn\v G‰hpw henb DZm-lc - W - a- m-W.v A¥m-cmjv{S \ne-hm-cØ - n-ep≈ tKmƒ^v tIm¿´pw Hcp hnI-k\ kqN-Ia - mbn IW-°m°-s∏SpIbpw AXv \Ωƒ sIm≠mSp-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gmWv Cu hnIk\w sIm≠v \aps°¥p- t \´w F∂ ]g- © ≥ tNmZyw ho≠pw ho≠pw XnI-´n-hc - n-I. CtX t_mWkv C^IvSv sshhn[y-h¬IrX Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-I-fnse√mw ImWmw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ^mw Sqdn-kw. Irjn \jvSØ - n\v _Zem-bn-t∏mepw ^mw Sqdnkw CXn-\Iw \n¿t±-in-°s - ∏-´p-Ig- n-™p!! I¿j-I\ - v A[n-Ih - c - p-am-\w! s\√v \jvSØ - n-emhp-tºmƒ Hcp ]qhv ao≥ Irjn F∂ t]mse emL-h-tØmsS ]d-™pt]m-hp-∂-XmWv CXv. tIƒhn°v ssZh-Øns‚ \mSp-t]mse kpμ-ca - msW-¶nepw Cu ^mw Sqdn-khpw tIcf-Øns‚ km[m-cW I¿j-I¿°v H∂pw \¬Ip-∂n-√. Ip´- \ m´nse Im¿jnI XI¿®°pw ssltd-©nse \mWyhnf XI¿®°pw ]cn- l m- c - a mbn k¿°m¿ \n¿t±-in-°p∂Xv hnt\m-Zk-©mc hnI-k\ - a - m-Wv. CS-\m-´n¬ Irjnbpw A\p-_-‘-hy-h-km-bßfpw XI¿®- b n- e m- b - t XmsS h¿≤n® sXmgn-en-√mbva ]cn-l-cn°m≥ Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v Hc-fhp-t]mepw km[y-am-bn´n√. am{X-a√ AXp-≠m-°n-s°m≠n-cn-°p∂ kmaq20

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lyhpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmwkvIm- tI{μ- ß ƒ ÿm]n- ® p- s Im≠v cn-I-hp-amb {]iv\-߃ Kpcp-X-c- Xo¿∞m-SI - c - psS Xma-k{- ]iv\w ]cnhpamWv. Hmtcm {]tZ-iØ - n-s‚bpw lcn°m\m-hp-sa∂pw ]T-\-߬ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI LS-\sb \ne-\n¿Øn- Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. CØcw ]mcn-ÿns°m≠pw {]tZ-i-Øns‚ hml-I- Xn-I B-LmX ]T-\ß - sf Ah-Ktijn a\- n-em-°n-s°m-≠p-amWv Wn-®p-sIm-≠mWv i_-cn-ae tIc-fSqdnkw \S-∏n-em-t°-≠X - v. F∂m¬, Øns‚ apJy-hn-Ik - \ AP-≠b - m-hpIpa-c-Iw, Be-∏p-g-bnse Imb-ep- ∂-Xv. i_cnae-bn-te°v ]cn-ÿnXn Iƒ, tX°Sn XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß- Z p ¿ _ - e - { ] - t Z - i - ß - f n - e q s S fn¬ \S- ∏ m- ° n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂ sdbn¬∏mX Xo¿Øv IqSp- X ¬ hnt\m-Z-k-©mc hnI-k\ -]-≤-Xn- `‡sc FØn-°m-\mWv Ct∏mgpw Ifn¬ Cu am\-Z-fi-ß-sfm∂pw ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-Sp-∂X - v. ]men-°s - ∏-Sp-∂n-√. Ct°m Sqdnkw Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnI-k-\-sa-∂Xv F∂-t]-cn¬ hym]-Ia - mbn \S-∏n-em- Hcp-P-\-X-bpsS s]mXp-hmb C—°p∂ ]≤-Xn-If - n-em-hs´ ]cn-ÿn-Xn- bpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ \S-∏m-th≠ hn- c p- ≤ - a mb Xmev ] - c y- ß - f mWv H∂m-sW∂ [mcW Xncp-Øs - ∏-Sp∂ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂X - pw. AXn\v G‰hpw ImgvNb - mWp≈-Xv. hnI-k\w a‰-hnhenb DZm-lc - Ww sX≥ae Ct°m sS-\n-t∂m Xocp-am-\n-°s - ∏´v P\-XSqdnkw ]≤-Xn. °p-ta¬ \S-∏m-hp∂ H∂m-sW∂ hnt\m- Z - k - © m- c - h n- I - k - \ - Ø n- [mc-Wb - n-te-°p≈ aS-°w. CS-°ms‚bpw `‡n-bp-sSbpw ad-hn¬ tIc- eØv Db¿∂p-h∂ P\-]¶ - m-fn-Øw. f-Øn¬ hym]-Ia - m-hp∂ as‰mcp {]h- P\-Iobw, {]mtZ-inIw XpS-ßnb W-Xb - mWv Xo¿∞m-SI hnt\m-Zk - - hm°p-Iƒ \jvSa - m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p©mcw. CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\h - n-Imcw ∂p. CXv Kpcp-Xc - a - mb Hcp P\m-[n-]`‡n-sbbpw aX hnIm-csØ hnI- Xy-{]-Xn-k‘ - n-bm-Wv. DØ-ch - m-ZnXz k-\-Øn-\-\p-Iq-e-am°nØo¿°pI Sqdnkw F∂ te_¬ as‰mcp X´nF∂-Xm-Wv. i_-cn-ae hnI-k-\- ∏mbn amdp-∂Xv CØcw bmYm¿∞yØns‚ t]cn¬ \S-∏m-°p∂ hn]p- ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-Øp-S¿®-bm-bm-Wv. e-amb hnI-k\ - ] - ≤ - Xn CXn-\p-Zm-lsX≥a-e-bnse Ct°m-Sq-dnkw, c-Wa - m-Wv. Hmtcm-h¿jhpw i_-cn-a- Irjn-`q-an-bnse tKmƒ^v Ifn, aq∂me-bn-se-Øp∂ `‡¿°v Xma-kn- dnsebpw aqe-º-≈n-bn-sebpw CSn°m≥ kuI-cy-ß-fn-s√∂ hmZ-ap- ®p-\n-cØ - ¬, hf-¥° - ms´ I≠¬ b¿Øn Ccp-]-Xp-sl-IvS¿ h\-`qan \ne- ß ƒ \nI- Ø n- s b- S p- Ø p≈ sh´n-sØ-fn®v Su¨jn∏v \n¿Ωn-°m- tim`m {Kq∏ns‚ ado\ \n¿Ωm-Ww \p≈ \o°- Ø n- e mWv tZhkzw F∂n-ßs\ tIc-fØ - n¬ \S-∏m-°nt_m¿Upw k¿°m-cpw. {]ap-Jt- km- s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Sqdn-kw-˛\ - n¿Ωm-Wtjym-fP - n-Ãmb Kpcp-hm-bq-c∏ - ≥ \S- ˛-hn-I-k\ b⁄-ß-fpsS XqS¿®Ønb ]T-\Ø - n¬ {]Xn-h¿jw ap∏- sb-t∂mWw DØ-ch - m-ZS- q-dnkw ]cnXp-e-£-Øn¬ Xmsg am{X-amWv ]m-Snbpw P\m-[n-Im-cØ - n\pw imizi_-cn-a-e-bnse Xo¿∞m-S-I-cpsS X- h n- I - k - \ - k - ¶ ¬]- \ - ß ƒ°pw FÆw F∂p- ] - d - b p- ∂ p. tIcf sh√p-hn-fn-bp-b¿Øpw. t^mdÃv dnk¿®v C≥Ãn- ‰ yq´pw kuØv Gjy ^ot®-gvkv, sIm®n 9447542293 hnhn[ k¿°m¿ GP≥kn-Ifpw \SØnb ]T- \ Ønepw h\-`qan hn´p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠books ❘ magazines ❘ periodicals Xn-s√∂ \nK-a-\am-Wp-≈X - v. am{Xa-√, Ipa-fn, h≠ns∏-cn-bm¿, ImÆnBOOKS c-∏≈ - n, Fcp-ta-en, marva plaza, machingal lane, m.g. road, thrissur ]Ø-\w-Xn´ XpSTel. : 0487 3256689, Mob : 9847764577 ßnb ÿe- ß for rare and new books fn¬ km‰-sse‰v ○

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2008

am¿®v

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\nco-£Ww/\ne-]mSv

Sqdnkw hnI-k-\hpw ssewKnI hym]m-chpw Intjm¿

tIc-fØ - n-en∂v G‰-hp-a[nIw N¿® sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ssewKo-Ih - ym]m-csØ kw_-‘n-®mWv. `c-WX - e-Øn-ep≈ D∂-X∑ - m-cS- °w hyh-kmbn-Ifpw, hym]m-cn-Ifpw a‰p Dƒs∏Sp∂ s]¨hm-Wn-`t- I- p-Iƒ IqSpX¬ ]pdØv h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-IbmWv. CXn¬ `qcn-`m-Khpw 17 hb n\v Xmsg am{Xw {]mb- a p≈ s]¨Ip-´n-If - mWv Cc-If - m-Ip-∂Xv. \√ tPmen, `mhn, IpSpw-_-km-lNcyw XpS-ßnb {]tem-`-\-ßfpw

e-\a - mWv C∂v \mw ImWp-∂Xv. enwK-hy-Xym-k-an-√msX 10 hb n\v Xmsg am{Xw {]mb-ap≈ Ip´nIsf D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v \S-Øp∂ ssewKoI hym]m-chpw, kv{XoIsf D]- t bm- K n- ® p- s Im≠v \S- Ø p∂ hym]m-chpw s]mXpth hnti-jn-∏n°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ""s]¨hm-Wn-`s - a∂'' kw⁄-sIm-≠mWv. GsX-¶nepw ]{X- ß tfm, Zriy- a m- [ y- a - ß tfm krjv S n® \n¿h- N - \ - Ø n\∏pdw s]¨hm-Wn-`-sa∂ hm°v Xo¿®-

tXmXv A\n-b-{¥n-Xm-h-ÿ-bn¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-Ib - mWv. IpØI Iº-\n-If - psS ]c-ky-ßfn¬ kv{XoI-fpsS \·X {]Z¿in∏n®pw, t^j≥ tjmI- s f∂ t]cnepw, kuμ- c y- a - ’ - c - s a∂ t]cnepw kv{Xoi-cocw {]Z¿i-\sØ am\y- a m- ° p- ∂ - X nepw, AXp- h gn kv{Xoi-co-csØ Nc-°m°n ]cnh¿Øn-∏n-°p-hm≥ km{am-PyØ aqe[-\Ø - n\v Ign-™n-´p≠v. BZy-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ IpØI

A{I- a m- k - ‡ - a mb `oj- W nbpw sIm≠mWv s]¨Ip-´n-Isf Cu hn[w sIWn-bn-e-I-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. ]e-t∏mgpw {]Wbw \Sn-®p-sIm≠p≈ sIWn- b mWv ]e Ip´nIƒ°pw hn\-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. CXn\v th≠n AXn- h n- ] p- e - a mb s\‰v h¿t°mSv IqSnb kwL-߃ tIcf- Ø n¬ hym]- I - a mbn Ign- ™ p. CSXv heXv cmjv{Sob {]ÿm-\ß - fpsS cl-ky-amb ]n¥pW CXn\v Icp-tØ-Ip-∂p≠v. CSXv ]£-Øp≠m-bn-cp∂ \oe temln-Zm-k\ - m-SmcpsS Imcy-Ønepw, hyh-kmb a{¥n Ip™m-en-°p-´n-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw GI-tZiw \n¿Kp-Wa - mb \ne-]m-SpI-fmWv Ccp-]£ - hpw FSp-Øs - X∂v Cu Imcyw sXfn-bp∂p. kaq-lØ - nse D∂-Xc - m¬ \nb{¥n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ ssewKoI hym]mcw, \nb-ah - n-cp-≤a - mb ]›m-Øe - Ø - n¬ \n∂v \nb-a-hn-t[-b-am-°-s∏-´tXm kmaq-lnI AwKo-Im-ct- ØmSv IqSnbtXm Bb ]›m-Øe - Ø - n-te°v {]th-in-°p-∂X - ns‚ cmk {]Xn-^-

bmbpw Adnt™m, Adn-bm-sXtbm AXns‚ B¥-cnI kØ shfn-s∏Sp-Øp-∂p≠v. cmPysØ D¬]m-Z\ - _ - ‘-ßf - p-sSbpw D¬]m-Z\ - i - ‡ - n-Ifp-sSbpw kmaq-ly-]Z- h - nsb kw_‘n®v, {]tXy-In®v kv{XoI-fpsS ]Zhnsb, kw_-‘n®v Ime-ß-fmbn \ne-\n¬°p∂ Nn¥-X-s∂-bmWv IqSp-X¬ {]_-ea - m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. kv{Xosb ASn-ab - mbn IW-°m°p∂ ]ucm-WnI Ime-L´- Ø - nepw Nc-°mtbm, D]-t`m-Kh - k - X v p-hmtbm IW-°m-°p∂ BtKm-fh - ¬°-cW - Øns‚ Ime-L-´-Ønepw, kv{Xo {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂Xv Nqj-WØn\pw, ASn-aØ - Ø - n\pw hnt[-ba - m°-s∏-´h - ƒ F∂ \ne-°mWv. Cu ]cn-KW - \ Xs∂-bmWv ssewKn-Ihym-]m-ca - mbpw, s]¨hm-Wn-`a - mbpw Db¿∂p-h∂ - n-cn-°p-∂Xv. kv{Xo\-·X - tbbpw, kv{Xo ico-ct- Øbpw D¬∏∂-ambn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°pI F∂Xv km{am- P yØ Ime- L - ´ - Ø ns‚ {]tXy-IX - b - mWv. BtKm-fh - X - v°c - W-Øns‚ Ime-L´- Ø - n¬ CXns‚

D¬∏-∂ß - f - psS hn]-W\ km[y-Xbv ° mbn D]- t bm- K n- ® n- c p∂ Cu X{¥w, kv{Xoi-co-csØ D¬∏-∂am°n hn¬°p-I-sb∂ hn]-W\ X{¥-Øn-emWv FØn-\n¬°p-∂Xv. aq∂mw temI- c m- P y- ß - f nse Im¿jnI˛hyh-km-bnI kº-ZL v S- \ XI¿Ø BtKm-fa - q-e[ - \w kv{Xoico- c sØ hn¬∏- \ - ® - c - ° m- ° p- ∂ Xn\pw, NqjWw sNøp-∂X - n-\p-amWv e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. CXn-\p-th-≠nbmWv temI- _ m- ¶ n- t ‚bpw, a‰p km{am- P yXz temI- c m- P y- ß - f n¬ D¬∏m-Z\ taJ-eI - ƒ°v ]Icw Sqdnk- s Øbpw, skIv k v Sqdn- k sØbpw apt∂m-´p-sh-bv°p-∂Xv. BtKm-fa - mbn Nn¥n-°pI, {]mtZ-inI-ambn {]h¿Øn-°pI (Think Globely Act Locally) F∂ ap{Zm- h mIyw apt∂m´v sh®Xpw CXns‚ `mK-ambmWv. B`y- ¥ c˛sshtZ- i nI ISs°Wn- b nepw, hym]mc XI¿®bnepw s]´p-In-S° - p∂ ]e cmPy-ßfp- s Sbpw, hntZi hn\n- a - b hpw,

2008

am¿®v

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21

\nt£-]hpw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ GI {]Xo- £ - b mbn SqdnksØ Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X n¬ km{am-PyXz aqe-[\w Ign™ \q‰m≠ns‚ Ah-km-\Ø - n¬ hnPbw hcn®n-cp∂p. 1998˛¬ WTTC (World Travel & Tourism Chain....) {]kn-U≠v tPm{^n en]v\≥ (Geophn Lipnan) aq∂mw-temI-cm-Py-߃ Ahn-SpsØ kmºØnI hnIm- k - Ø n\v th≠n ssIs°m-t≈≠ \S-]S- n-Iƒ \n¿t±in- ° p- I - b p- ≠ mbn. AXn- s em∂v kmº- Ø nI hnIm- k - Ø n\pw, sXmgn¬ e`y-Xbv°pw Bh-iy-ambn X{¥-]c - a - mb \b-ambn hnt\m-Zk - ©m- c - s Øbpw, Sqdn- k - s Øbpw aq∂mw- t emI cmPy- ß - f nse Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂mWv. as‰m∂v Sqdnkw cwKØv kzX-{¥hpw, a’-cm-[n-jT v n-Xh - p-amb Itºm-fsØ Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-W-sa∂mWv. thyma KXm-KX - sØ kzX{¥-am-°n-s°m≠pw, A¥m-cm-jv{S-Xe-Øn¬ sSen IΩyq-Wn-t°-j≥ \nb-{¥-W-߃ \o°n-s°m≠pw Sqdnkw hnI-k\ - Ø - n\v t\sc-bp≈ XS-k-߃ \o°-W-sa-∂-Xn-emWv en]vam≥ Cu∂p-∂Xv. CXn-s\ms° ]pdta tdmUp-Iƒ ˛ Fb¿ t]m¿´pIƒ \ho-Ic - n-®p-sIm≠v B¥-cnI kuI-cy-߃ h¿≤n-∏n-°W - s - a∂pw At±lw \n¿t±-in-°p-∂p≠v. Hmtcm cmPy-Øn-t‚bpw B`y-¥c kpc£sb t]mepw Kpcp-Xc - a - mbn _m[n°p∂ CØcw \n¿t±-iß - ƒ cmPym¥c IpØ-II - f - psS Xm¬∏-cysØ am{X-amWv {]Xn-\n-[o-Ic - n-®Xv. {]mtZ-inI Sqdnkw taJ-eb - n¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ Nne Fb¿t]m¿´pIƒ Gs‰- S p- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw, Xmbv Fb¿sse≥kns‚ 25 iX-am\w Hmlcn FSp-°p-∂X - n\pw {_n´ojv Fb¿thkv Xm¬∏cyw {]I-Sn-∏n-®t∏mƒ aq∂mw- t emI cmPy߃°p≈ amXr-Ib - mbn Db¿Øn ImWn-®p-sIm≠v hºn® Imº-bn\mbn Db¿Øn-hn-´Xv. CØcw Imºbn-\p-Iƒ Db¿Øn-hn-Sp-∂X - n\pw a‰pw cmPym-¥c IpØ-II - ƒ°v {]mXn-\n[y- a p≈ thƒUv _m¶v , bp.F≥.GP≥kn- I ƒ, Sqdnkw kwL-S\ - I - ƒ, cmPym-¥c IpØ-IIƒ t]mep≈ km{am-PyØ kwL22

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S-If - mWv. CXns‚ t\Xr- X z- Ø n- e p≈ {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ A¥m-cmjv{S XeØn¬ hnt\mZ k©m-c-tØbpw, tlm´¬ Sqdn-k-tØbpw, skIvkv Sqdn- k - t Øbpw tI{μo- I - c n®p \n¬°p-∂Xpw, a’-cm-[n-jvTn-X-hpamb hyh-km-ba - mbn amdn-°g - n-™n´p≠v. CXn\v BtKm-fh - ¬°-cW - \-bß - fpw WTO, GATT klm-bI - c - am-bn-´p≠v. Sqdn-k-Øns‚ Ahn-`m-Py-L-S-Iambn thiym-hr-Ønsb am‰n-Øo¿°p∂-Xn-\p-th≠n cmPym-¥-c-Ip-Ø-IIƒ ap≥I-sø-SpØv \nc-h[n ]≤-XnI-fmWv Bkq-{XWw sNbvXXv. CXns‚ `mK-ambn aq∂mw-temI cmPy-ßf - n¬ \nb-ah - n-cp-≤a - m-bn-cp∂ thiym-hr-Ønsb \nb-a-hn-t[-b-am°m-\p≈ {ia-߃ Bkq-{Xn-Xa - mbn \SØn. am{X-a√, thiym-hrØn sNbvXn-cp∂ kv{XoIsf sXmgn-emfn- I - f mbn AwKo- I - c n- ° - W - s a∂ hmZw hnhn[ hf-≠dn GP≥kn-Isf-s°m≠v Db¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h∂p. CXns‚ `mK-am-bmWv C¥y-bn-eS°w temI-sØ-ºmSpw ssewKoI sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS kwL-S-\-Iƒ cmPym-¥-c-Ip-Ø-I-I-fpsS ap≥°øn¬ Xs∂ cq]w sIm≠Xv. tIc-fØnepw CXv hnhn[ ^≠nwKv GP≥kn-If - m¬ \n¿Δ-ln-°s - ∏´p. hfsc Ime- ß - f mbn thiymhrØn ChnsS \ne- \ n¬°p- ∂ ps≠∂pw, thiym-hrØn XpS-cp∂ kv{XoIsf ssewKoI sXmgn-em-fnI- f mbn AwKo- I - c n- ° - W - s a∂pw, AXp-hgn sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°v e`n°p∂ F√m kwc- £ - W hpw Ah¿°v e`n-°W - s - a-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Bhiyw. (thiym-hr-Ønbn-te¿s∏-Sp∂ kv{XoIsf ]p\-c[ - nh-kn-∏n-°m\pw, Ah¿ Cu cwKtØ°v hcm-\p-≠mb kml-Nc - y-Øns\-Xnsc kacw sNøm\pw Cu kwL-S\ - I - ƒ sNdnb {]Nm-ct- he t]mepw \S-Øn-bn√ F∂Xv AhcpsS Dt±-iysØ hy‡-am-°p∂p.) a‰p sXmgn-ep-Isf t]mse thiymhr-Ønsb sXmgn-embn AwKo-I-cn°p∂ kaq-la - \ -  v krjvSn-°s - ∏Sp-tºmƒ IqSp-X¬ t]sc Cu cwKtØ°v BI¿jn- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ mWv CØcw kwL-S\ - I - ƒ IW°v Iq´n○

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bXv. CXp-aqew SqdnÃv / tlm´¬ hyh-km-bØ - ns‚ hym]vXn h¿≤n°p-sa-∂mWv cmPym-¥c IpØ-II - ƒ B{K-ln-®Xpw. 1998˛¬ skIvkv Sqdn-kØ - ns‚ A\- ¥ c km[y- X - s b- ° p- d n®v •mUvtKm Imen-tUm-Wn-b≥ bqWnth-gk v n-‰n-bn¬ A\nX πnatdmw AhX- c n- ∏ n® (A Sustainable World Through Prostitution) F∂ t]∏-dn¬ skIvkv Sqdnkw sXmgnepw hcp-am\hpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-sa∂pw, CXn-eqsS hcp∂ kºØv {KmaoW {]tZ-iß - fn-tebv°pw, Xmsg X´n-tebv°pw hnX-cWw sNø-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw, CXv hnZym-`ymkw, BtcmKykwc-£Ww t]mep≈ s]mXp- k - a q- l - Ø ns‚ Bh- i y- ß ƒ \n¿Δ- l n- ° - s ∏- S psa∂pw Ah-Im-is - ∏-Sp∂p. ssewKoI sXmgn-ep-Ifpw, D]t`m-‡m-°fpw XΩn-ep≈ {]W-bØn-eq-∂n-bp≈ hn\n-abw a‰p taJe-If - n¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvXa - mbn kam[m-\-]-c-ambn Hcp hyh-km-bnI A¥- c o£w krjv S n- ° p- s a∂pw Ah¿ ]d-™p-sh-°p∂p. CØ-cØn¬ kmaq- l nI˛kmº- Ø nI hnIm-kØ - n\v a‰p am¿§-ßs - fm-∂pan-s√-∂mWv Ah¿ ka¿∞n-°p-∂Xv. CsXms° Xs∂- b mWv ""ssewKo-IX'' F∂ hm°v Hgn-®p\n¿Øn-s°m≠v tIc-f-k¿°mcpw ka¿∞n-°p-∂Xv. CØ-cs - amcp hnIk-\Ø - ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\k - u-Ic - y-samcp-°p∂ Xnc-°n-emWv k¿°m-cnt∏mƒ. FIv k v { ] v sslth t]mep≈ ]≤-Xn-Ifpw, tdmUv hnIk-\hpw F√mw CXns‚ `mK-amWv. {Kma-ßf - n¬ ]´W {]m¥-ßf - nepw bmsXmcp \nb-{¥-W-hp-an-√msX Bbp¿thZ dntkm¿´p-Ifpw, akmPv sk‚-dp-Ifpw, _nb¿ ]m¿e-dp-Ifpw ÿm]n-°p-∂Xpw Cu e£y-Øn-seØn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ thWw tIc-fØnse s]¨hm-Wn-`ß - sf t\m°n°m-Wm≥. tIc-fØ - nse s]¨hm-Wn-`t- ° p-Iƒ N¿®-sN-øs - ∏-Sp-∂Xv kmam\y-ambn kv{Xohn-cp-≤X - b - n¬ Du∂ns°m-≠mWv F√m-‰n\pw kΩ-Xn-®psIm-Sp-Øn´v ]n∂oSv shfn-s∏-Sp-ج \SØn Xm{Xn-Ip-´n-am-cm-Ip-∂Xv am\y∑msc Ah- t l- f n- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw, ○

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2008

am¿®v

kmº-ØnI em`-Øn-\p-am-sW∂ hmZw {]_-e-am-bn-´p≠v. CØcw tI p- I - f n¬ shfn- s ∏- S p- Ø p∂ kv{XoIƒs°-Xn-scbpw, tIkv FSp°-Ws - a∂ Bhiyw ]e-tIm-Wn¬ \n∂p-b¿∂p-h-cp-∂p≠v. Aßs\ kv{XoIƒ t\cn-Sp∂ \·-amb Cu ASn- a - Ø sØ Ah- c psS Xs∂ {]iv\-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]e-hn-`m-Kß - fpw hnP-bn-®n-´p-s≠∂v thWw Icp-Xm≥. tIc-fØ - nse ]pcp-jm-[n-]X - y-Øneq-∂nb kv{Xo hncp≤ Nn¥m-[mc CØcw hmZ-ap-J-ßsf s]´-∂pXs∂ kzoI-cn-°p-∂p≠v. Infn-cq¿ tIknepw, tImgn-t°mSv sFkv{Iow ]m¿e¿ tIknepw CXp-Xs - ∂-bmWv ●

I≠Xv AXp-sIm-≠mWv CXn-s\Xnsc `c-Wh - ¿§-cm-jv{So-b{- ]-ÿm-\߃ FSp-t°≠ i‡-amb \ne]mSv Ah¿°v FSp-°m≥ Ign-bmsX t]mbXv. {_n´-Wnse kmsd bqWn-th-gk v n‰n- b nse tkmtjym- f Pn eIv ® ¿ Bb tIh≥ s_bv¬kv ]d-bp-∂Xp- t ]mse kv { XoIƒ t\cn- S p∂ `ojWn apX-em-fnØ hyh-ÿb - n¬ kaq- l - Ø nepw, IpSpw- _ - Ø nepw t\cn-Sp∂ Nqj-Wt- Ø-°mƒ ]Xn-∑Sßv i‡-am-bXpw, \·-amb ASn-aXz-Øn--t‚-Xp-amWv. Ccp-∂qdv h¿jw ap≥]v A‰vem‚nIv ASn-ah - ym-]mcw t]mse, \nb-a] - c - a - mb DS-am-hI - miw Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ta¬ as‰m-cp-hy-

‡n°v \ne-\n¬°p-∂X - mWv ASn-aXz-sa∂v [cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ B[p\nI ASn-aXzw Hcn-°epw DS-am-hI - mi-߃ tI{μo-Ic - n-®√. adn®v, Agna-Xn-°m-cmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS XW-en¬ Ign-bp∂ kmaq-ly-hn-cp-≤cmb {Inan-\¬ kwL-ßf - psS hbe≥kn-s‚bpw, {]tem-`\ - Ø - n-t‚bpw ad- h n- e m- s W- ∂ p- a m{Xw. tIhn≥ s_bv¬kv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-t]mse F√m cmPy-ß-fnepw kv{XoIsf t\cn-´p≈ ASn-aX - z-Øn\v hnt[-ba - m°p∂ ssewKnI hym]m-c-tem-_nIfpw, kmaq- l y- h n- c p- ≤ cpw, k¿°mcpw, cmPym-¥c - I - p-ØI - I - fpw tN¿∂ Iq´p-sI-´mWv. P-\i - ‡n amknI ˛ kn.-]n.-sF. (Fw.F¬.) Unkw-_¿ 2004

\ne-]mSv skIvkv Sqdnkw hcp-∂p-sh∂v ]d™v Bi-¶-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°pw, Sqdnkw hn\m-i-Øn-s\∂v Icp-Xp-∂-h¿°pw Hcp hntbm-P-\-Ip-dn∏v

skIvkv Sqdnkw tIc-f-Øn\v `oj-Wn-b√ sF. tKm]n-\mYv Nne

{]iv\ß-fp-≠m-°p-Ibpw Bi-¶s - ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - p-t]mse skIvkv Sqdnkw Fs∂mcp {]iv\w tIc- f - Ø n- e - √ . Xmbv e ‚ v t]mse tIc-f-amIpw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv Igºp≈ hmZ-a√ - . Hmtcm cmPy-Øn\pw hyXy-kX v a - mb kwkvIm-cß - f - m-Wp-≈Xv. Sqdnkw km[y-X-Iƒ AXp-ambn _‘- s ∏- ´ m- W n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v . tIc- f Øns‚ kmaq- l nI ]›m- Ø ew km[y-XI - s - fm-∂p-an-√. hntZin Sqdn-ÃpIƒ tIc- f - Ø n- s eØn \ΩpsS ssewKnI kzmX-{¥y-Øn\papI-fn¬ IS-∂p-Ib - d - ß - s - fm∂pw \S-Øn-bn-´n-√. hntZin Sqdn-Ãp-Isf ae-bm-fn-If - mWv ssewKn-I-ambn IqSp-X¬ A{I-an-®n´p-≈-Xv. AØcw \nc-h[n {]iv\߃ Xt±-io-b-cpsS `mK-Øp-\n∂pw Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v tIc-fØ - n¬ Ft∏mgpw t\cn-tS≠Xmbn hcp-∂p-≠v. tImhfØv \S-∂n-´p≈ Nne Ieym-W-ßsf-bmWv Ch¿ skIvkv Sqdn-k-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-∂X - .v ]s£ tImh-fØv hnhmlw Ign® hntZ- i n- I - s f√mw Ahsc `mcy-am-cmbn AwKo-Ic - n-°p-∂h-cm-Wv. Ahsc ImWm-\mbn Ah¿ F√m h¿jhpw hcm-dp-≠v, ]W-a-bbv°m-dp-ap-≠v. Xt±-io-b¿°m¿°pw CXn¬ {]iv \ - ß - f p- a n- √ . CXns\ skIvkv Sqdn-k-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂p-s≠¶n¬ NnIn’ th≠Xv Ah¿°p Xs∂bmWv. ssewKn-IX - sb XmXv]cy-߃ XS-™p-\n¿Øm≥ ]‰p∂ 2008

am¿®v

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ae-bmfn `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]pXnb Nn¥I- s fbpw Bi- b - ß - s f- b p- s a√mw \Ωƒ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. B `bsØ Xncn®-dn-bp-I-bmWv th≠-Xv, Xncn-t™mSp-I-b-√. P\- k m- { μ- X - b p- ≈ - X n- \ m¬ `qan tI{μo-Ir-X-amb hyh-km-b-߃°v tIc- f - Ø n¬ Xosc km[y- X - b n- √ . Du¿÷ {]Xn-k‘nImcWw Id≠v A[n-Ia - mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hyh-kmb-߃°pw tIc-fØ - n¬ \ne-\n¬]v {]bm-ka - m-Wv. At∏mƒ kpÿn-ca - mb coXn- b n¬ \ap°v D]- t bm- K - s ∏- S pØm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xpw hcp-am-\a-- a - p-≠m°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xp-amb GI hyhkmbw Sqdn-ka - m-Wv. tlmwtà t]mse-bp≈ kwhn-[m\- ß sf ]c- a m- h [n D]- t bm- K - s ∏SpØn km[m-cW P\-߃°pw Sqdnk-Øns‚ `mK-am-bp≈ hcp-am\w e`n°m≥ km[n-°p∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ ]≤Xn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-Ww. hnam-\Øm-h-f-Øn¬ h∂n-d-ßp∂ Sqdn-ÃpIsf Sq¿ Hm∏- t d- ‰ ¿am¿ t\cn´v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ ÿnXn-bm-Wn-∂p≈- X v . C‚¿s\‰v hgn Adn™v hcp∂ Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ IqSp-X-em-b-Xn\m¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Ah¿ h≥InS Sq¿ Hm∏-td-‰¿am-cpsS ]nSn-bn-em-hp-I-bmWp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn CXn-s\√mw am‰-߃ hcp-I-bmWv th≠Xv. skIvkv Sqdnkw F∂v apdhnfn Iq´p-Ib - √ - .

Imcy-a√ F∂Xv \·-amb kXy-amWv . AXn- \ m¬ AXv kw`- h n®p sImt≠-bn-cn-°pw. Sqdnkw at\m- l - c - a mb Hcp k¶ev]w Xs∂-bm-Wv. hyXy-kvXß - fmb ASp-Øn-S] - g - I - m≥ Ign-bp-∂Xpw henb Imcyw Xs∂-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS ss]Xr- I - ß - s fbpw kwkv I m- c - ß sfbpw a\- n-em-°m≥ tijn-bp-≈h-cmWv Chn-sS-sb-Øp∂ hntZi SqdnÃp-Iƒ. kztZ-in-If - mb Sqdn-Ãp-If - mWv Sqdn-khpambn _‘-s∏´ {]iv\-ßfn-te-sdbpw krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cnÿnXn aen-\o-I-c-W-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xnse√mw ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ apJy {]iv\߃ h≥InS tlm´¬ dnt∏m¿´v tem_n- I - f m- W v . henb coXn- b n¬ Ah¿ tIc- f - Ø n- s eºmSpw `qan ssItb-‰-߃ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Ahsc-bmWv \nb-{¥n-t°-≠X - v. ae-bm-fn-bpsS kz`m-ha - mWv ASnÿm-\-]-c-ambn amtd-≠-Xv. am‰sØ ○

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23

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]pkvX-I-`mKw

Ct°m-Sq-dnkw F≥.Fw.]ntb-gvk¨ Respect the fraility of the earth. `qan-bpsS kuay-`m-h-ßsf _lpam-\n-°pI, k¿tΔm-]cn AXns\ kv t \ln- ° pI, ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI hnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-Øns‚ Nn¥-Iƒ Zm¿i-\n-Ihpw aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-hpambn {]Imiw ]c- Ø p- t ºmƒ CØcw Hcp kZm-Nm-c-t_m-[-Øn\v {]m[m\yw e`n-°p∂p. AtX-ka - bw BtKm-f-h-Xv°-c-W-Øns‚ Bi-b߃°pw aqey-߃°pw {]m[m\yw e`n-°p-tºmƒ D]-t`m-‡m-hn-t\mSv {]Xn-_-≤X Im´pI ("commitment to the customer') F∂ {]mtbm-KnI ap{Zm-hmIyw {]nb-s∏-´-Xm-Ip∂p. ]pXnb \q‰m-≠ns‚ {]`m-X-th-fbn¬ C{X-tbsd N¿®-sN-øs - ∏-Sm≥ Hcpßn \n¬°p∂ hnjbw Ct°mSq-dn-ks - Ø-t∏mse thsd-bn√. {]IrXnsb kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw, AXns‚ kwc-£Ww a\p-jys‚ Bhm-kh - yh-ÿbv°v A\n-hm-cy-am-sW-∂p-Ic - pXp-Ibpw sNøp∂ k¶¬∏-\Ø - n¬ cq]w sIm≈p∂ Hcp Bi-b-amWv Ct°m-Sq-dnkw. Ccp-]-sØm∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ \n¬°p-tºmƒ apXem-fn-Ø-Øn\pw, am\-hnI aqey߃°pw P\- I ob {]Xn- t cm- [ ߃°pw am¿Ivkn- k - Ø nepw F¥p-kw-`-hn-°m-\mWv km≤yX F∂ At\z- j Ww kzm`m- h nIw am{X-amWv. At\z-j-W-Øn¬ e`n°p∂ DØcw H∂p-d-∏m-°p∂p ; hnkv a - b - I - c - a mb kao- ] - \ - ß ƒ sIm≠v apX-em-fnØ Nn¥ {]tbmK- ] - c - a mb hnP- b - ß ƒ t\Sn AXns‚ bm{X XpS- c p- I - b mWv . 24

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]oUnX P\-hn-`m-KØ - n\v {]Xn-tcm[ cmjv{Sobw Gsd Bh-iy-ap≈ Hcp Ime-L´- a - m-bn-´p-IqSn AXv \n¿Δ-ln°-s∏-SmsX \n¬°p-I-bmWv. ]e Imc-W-߃ sIm≠v apX-em-fnØ FXn¿Nn-¥I - sf Nnd-Ic - n™v kz¥am-°p∂ coXn-imkv{Xw {]tbm-Kn-®psIm≠v apX- e m- f nØw AXns‚ hym]\w IqSp-X¬ kpK-a-am-°p-IbmWv A¤p-X-I-c-amb Cu X{¥Øns‚ Iui-e-°-c-߃ \o≠ph∂v \h-ap-X-em-fnØw kz¥-am°nb Hcp k¶¬∏-\-amWv Ct°mSq-dnkw. ka- I m- e nI temI- Ø nse G‰hpw henb hyh- k m- b - a mbn kmº-ØnI hnZ-Kv[¿ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂Xv Sqdn-k-tØ-bmWv. Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ G‰hpw Ne-\m-flI-amb BtKmf hyh-km-b-amWv Sqdnkw. AXn¬Øs∂ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hnI-k\ km≤y-X-Iƒ D≈Xv Ct°m Sqdn- k - Ø n- e mWv .

Ct°m-Sq-dnÃv hyh-km-b-Øns‚ hf¿® 20 iX-am\w hcpw. 1996˛¬ 423 _ney¨ tUmf-dmWv Sqdnkw hyh-km-b-Øn¬ \n∂v e`n-®-sX¶n¬ 2000˛¬ 621 _ney¨ tUmfdmbn Db¿∂p. 2010˛¬ 1.5 {Sney≥ tUmf-dm-Ip-sa∂v kmº-ØnI hnZKv[¿ {]h-Nn-°p∂p. Sqdn-k-Øns‚ kmº- Ø nI KWnXw Aº- c - ∏ n°p∂ hnIm- k - Ø n- t ebv°v hnc¬Nq-≠p-I-bmWv.

hn]-W\ ap{Zm-hmIyw ]W-k-ºm-Z\w am{Xw e£yw sh®p-sIm≠v apt∂m-´p-t]m-Ip∂ Sqdnkw a\p-jys‚ Bhm-k-hy-hkvYbv°pw ]cn-ÿn-Xn°pw kZm-Nmc-Øn\pw ssPh-tem-I-Øn\pw amcI-amb ]cn-°p-Iƒ krjvSn®v apt∂dp-I-bmWv. CXns‚ Zpc-¥-km-≤y-XIƒ Nq≠n- ° m´n {]Xn- t cm[w krjvSn- ° p- h m≥ ]cn- ÿ nXn {]h¿Ø-Ic - psS {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ°v sNdn-b-tXm-Xn-se-¶nepw Ign-™n-cn°p∂p. a\p-jys‚ Pm{KX hotg≠n- S - ß - f n¬ Ah¿ kqN\Iƒ \evIn-°-gn-™p. ]cn-ÿnXn kwc£-W-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw P\-Iob {]t£m-`-ß-fpw AXn-\p≈ kwhn[m-\-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. a\p-jy-hn-tamNI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw lcn-Xcm- j v{So- b - Ø n- t ‚bpw kØ kzmwio- I - c n®v Ah¿ cq]- s ∏- S pØnb Hcp k¶¬∏- a m- b n- c p∂p Ct°m Sqdnkw. Sqdnk hyh-km-bØns‚ Cc- b mbn XI¿∂p- t ]mIp∂ ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb kwc-£n-°pI F∂ al- Ø mb e£y- k m- £ m-

a\p-jy-hn-tam-NI {]h¿Ø-\-ßfp- s Sbpw lcn- X - c m- j v { So- b - Ø nt‚bpw kØ kzmwio- I - c n®v Ah¿ cq]- s ∏- S p- Ø nb Hcp k¶¬∏- a m- b n- c p∂p Ct°m Sqdnkw. Sqdnk hyh- k m- b Øns‚ Cc-bmbn XI¿∂p-t]mIp∂ ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb kwc-£n°pI F∂ al-Ømb e£y-km£m-Xv°m-cØ - ns‚ {]XoI Nn”am-bn-cp∂p AXv. F∂m¬ hyhkmb tem_n-Iƒ kvt\l-]q¿Δw AXv kz¥-am-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. ○

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2008

am¿®v

Xv°m-c-Øns‚ {]XoI Nn”-am-bncp∂p AXv. F∂m¬ hyh-kmb tem_n-Iƒ kvt\l-]q¿Δw AXv kz¥-am-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Hcp ]cnI-ev]\ Xs∂ sIm≈-b-Sn-°-s∏´ ImgvN-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. Sqdnkw sUh-e-t∏gvkv Ct°m Sqdn-ksØ Hcp hn]- W \ hN- \ - a mbn am‰n. CXns‚ ^e-ambn ]cn-ÿnXn kwc£-W-Øn\p ]Icw SqdnÃv hyhkm- b sØ {]tam´v sNø- e mbn Ct°m Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ tPmen. hnt\m- Z - k - © m- c sØ {]tam´v sNøm≥ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏´ ]pXnb D]-I-c-W-ambn hyh-km-b-tem-_nbpsS ssIbn¬ Ct°m- S q- d nkw HXpßn. Cu am‰- ß - s fms° 1995˛¬ Xs∂ ap≥Iq´n ImWm≥ Ign™ ]cn- ÿ nXn {]h¿Ø- I - b mWv B¿sse≥. s]dp-hn-b≥ ag-°m-SpI- f n- e qsS Ct°m- S q- d n- k - Ø ns‚ h‡mhpw, {]Nm-c-I-bp-ambn k©cn-®n-cp∂ ka-bØv Ah¿ ]d-™ncp∂p Ct°m- S q- d nkw AXns‚ hnIm- k - L - ´ - Ø nse \n¿Æm- b I {]Xn-k-‘n-I-fn-sem-∂ns\ A`n-apJo-Ic - n-°p-Ib - m-sW∂v. s]dp-hn-b≥ sk¬h-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ bm{Xm-thf- I - f n¬ I≠ ImgvN- I - f mWv Ahsc AXn\p t{]cn-∏n-®Xv. ag°m-Sp-If - n-se-Ønb Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ a\pjy-hn-k¿÷y-Øn-s\m∏w \o¥p∂Xpw, Sqdn-Ãp-Isf ckn-∏n-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n tXhm-¶n-t\bpw a‰v A]q¿Δ Pohn-I-tfbpw ssKUpIƒ ]nSn-IqSn Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒs°m∏w h®v ]S-sa-Sp-°p-∂Xpw hnt\m-Z-k©m-cn-I-fpsS th´-bm-S-en¬ \n∂pw c£- t \- S m≥ sNºp- e n- I ƒ XßfpsS Ip™p-ßsf sIm√p-∂Xpw I≠-t∏mƒ Ct°m-Sq-dn-k-Øns‚ t]cn¬ \S-°m≥ t]mIp∂ hn]W\w ap≥Iq´n a\-   n- e m- ° m≥ Ah¿°p-I-gn™p. Im\-Ub - nse t{_m°v bqWn-thgvkn-‰n-bnse Un∏m¿´-sa‚ v Hm^v dn{In-tb-j≥ B‚ v enj¿ ÃUoknse s{]m^-k¿ tUhnUv F. s^∂¬ Fgp-Xnb "]mcn-ÿn-XnI hnt\m-Z-k-©mcw ˛ Hcp apJ-hpc' F∂ ]pkv X Iw ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI hnt\m- Z - k - © m- c - Ø ns‚ ka- I meo\ hf¿®-tbbpw AXp-b¿Øp∂ 2008

am¿®v

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A`ua kº-Øns\ kwc-£n-°m≥ cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb tIm´-bpsS sImSna-c-Øn¬ C\n saKm dntkm¿´v Sqdnk-Øns‚ ]Xm-I-I-fmWv ]mdn-°fn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂Xv F∂p-thWw Icp-Xm≥. ]mcn-ÿn-XnI hnt\m-Z-k-©m-csa∂ ]pXnb ]cn-I¬]-\sb ]cnN- b - s ∏- S p- Ø p- I bpw AXp- a mbn _‘-s∏´ kZm-Nm-c-]-chpw, Zm¿i\n-Ihpw, kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Imcyßsf hni-Z-ambn ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am°p- I bpw sNøp- ∂ - X n- \ m¬ tUhoUv s^∂-ens‚ ]pkvX-IØn\v hcpw-Im-e-ß-fn¬ {]m[m\yw e`n-°m≥ km≤y-X-bp≠v. H≥]Xv A≤ym- b - ß - f n- e mbn ]c- ∂ p- I n- S °p∂ hnj- b - ß ƒ Fgp- Ø p- I mcs‚ ]£- ] m- X sØ arZp- e - a mb coXn- b n¬ am{Xta {]I- S - a m- ° p∂p≈q. i‡-amb \ne-]m-Sp-I-fpsS A`mhw ChnsS {]I-S-am-Ip-∂p≠v. hnt\m- Z - k - © mc hnI- k - \ - Ø n\v C\nbpw Hcw-Ko-IrX \n¿Δ-N\w ]ndhn-sIm-≠n-´n√. "P\-ßsf kzKr-lß-fn¬ \n∂v hnZq-c-ß-fn-tebv°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Ahn-Sp∂v Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cn-Ibpw AI-sebm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ k©m-cn-Iƒ°v Xmak kuI-cyhpw, `£-Whpw Bh-iy-Øn\v BÀm-Zhpw \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂ {]{In-bsb Sqdnkw F∂p ]d-bp∂p.' G‰hpw efn-Xamb Hcp hnt\mZ k©mc \n¿ΔN- \ - a mbn CXns\ \ap°v IW°m°mw. s^∂-ens‚ A`n-{]m-bØn¬ A©v LS-Iß - ƒ ka-{Khpw ^e-{]-Zh - p-amb coXn-bn¬ Cgp-In-t®cp∂ Hcp {]hr-Øn-bmWv Sqdnkw. Ne- \ m- fl - I - a mb a\p- j y- L - S Iw, Dev∏m-Z-\-ta-Je, kw{I-aW taJe, e£y-ÿm\w, hyh-kmbw ˛ Chsb√mw GIm-flI - a - mbn HØp-tN-cptºmƒ AXv Sqdnkw F∂ hyhkm-bsØ `uXn-I-cq-]-Øn¬ AhX-cn-∏n-°p∂p. bmYm- ÿ n- X nI hnt\m- Z - k ©mcw {]Ir-Xnsb [q¿Øn\v hnt[b- a m- ° p- I - b mWv. AXn- \ m¬ I¨sh≥j-W¬ Sqdnkw \nc-h[n ]mcn-ÿn-XnI {]iv\ß - ƒ°v hgn-Xpd-°p∂p. {]mtZ-inI Bh-iy-ßfpw B{K-l-ßfpw sshtZ-inI B[n]- X y- Ø n\v ASn- s ∏- ´ p- t ]m- I p∂p.

Zm¿i- \ nI kZm- N mc {]iv \ - ß tfbpw {]am-W-kz-`m-h-ap≈ kao-]\- Ø n- e qsS Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p∂p. Ct°m-Sq-dnkw F∂ ]cn-I-ev]\ XnI®pw ]pXnb Hcp Nn¥m-]-≤-Xnbm-bn-´p-t]mepw AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp- X - s ∏´ ]e {KŸ- ß fpw Is≠Øn ]Tn®v Kl-\-amb \nK-a\-߃ \SØn cNn® Hcp ]pkvXI- a m- W nXv . Ct°m- S q- d n- k - Ø ns‚ ASn-ÿm\ XXz-ßfpw ]cn-I-ev]-\Ifpw {]iv\-ßfpw ]£-]m-X-cln- X - a mbn Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° m- \ mWv At±-l-Øns‚ B{K-l-sa-¶nepw \ne- \ n¬°p∂ hyh- ÿ - I ƒ°v A\p-kr-X-amb cN\ \S-Øm-\mWv At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

saKm dntkm¿´v Ct°m- S q- d n- k sØ a\-   n- e m°m\pw hne-bn-cp-Øm\pw aq∂v {]apJ-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°mhp-∂-Xm-sW∂v s^∂¬ tcJ-s∏Sp-Øp∂p. kmº-ØnI imkv{X-Ønt‚bpw hn]- W - \ - i m- k v{X- Ø nt‚bpw ]mcn-ÿn-XnI imkv{X-Ønt‚bpw ho£-W-Øn-eqsS Ct°mSq- d n- k sØ hne- b n- c p- Ø m- h p- ∂ XmWv. GsX-¶nepw Cu aq∂v ImgvN∏m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb H∂v Xnc- s ™- S p- ° m- \ mWv Ahkm\w tUhnUv s^∂¬ Xøm-dmbXv . AXm- I s´ s{]m´- £ - \ nÃv ImgvN∏ - m-SmWv. Hcp-Xcw kwc-£W kao- ] \w. Ct°m- S q- d n- k - Ø ns‚ ASn-ÿm\ Bi-bhpw s{]m´-£\n-Ãm-sW∂v \ap°v Xncn-®-dn-bm-hp∂-XmWv. {]IrXn kwc-£-Whpw a\pjy kwc-£-Whpw AXns‚ {][m\ Imcy-]c - n-]m-Sn-bmWv. F∂men∂v Ct°m- S q- d nkw h≥InS tlm´-ep-I-fn¬ \n∂pw dntkm¿´v tIm¿∏- t d- j - \ p- I - f n¬ \n∂pw henb `ojWn t\cn- S p- I - b mWv . ]W- k - º m- Z - \ - Ø n- \ p≈ G‰hpw km≤y-X-bp≈ am¿§-ambn Ct°mSq-dnÃv hyh-km-bsØ ImWp-∂Xns‚ ^e- a mbn AXns‚ ASnÿm\ k¶¬∏-߃ XI¿∂p-t]mIp- s a∂v s^∂¬ `b- s ∏- S p∂p. Ct°m- S q- d nkw kao- ] - ` m- h n- b n¬ Xs∂ saKm˛dntkm¿´v Sqdn-k-ambn amdp-sa∂v s^∂¬ `b-s∏-Sp∂p. {]IrXn kv t \ln- I ƒ `qan- b psS ○

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25

Sqdn-k-Øns‚ `mK-ambn hf¿∂p-hcp∂ h≥InS tlm´-ep-Ifpw, saKm dntkm¿´p-Ifpw sshtZ-inI Bhiy-߃°v {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂p. Ah Ft∏mgpw "sat{Sm-s]m-fn-‰≥' Xm¬∏- c y- ß ƒ°v ap≥Xq°w \¬Ip∂p. CXn-\m¬ {]mtZ-inI `£y D¬∏-∂ß - ƒ°v Bh-iy-°mcn-√msX hcp∂p. CØcw kao-]\-߃°v Sqdn-khpw {]mtZ-inI Pohn-Xhpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp≤yw Xo{h-am-Ip∂p. P\-ßsf tI{μo-Icn®v apt∂-dp∂ Sqdnkw ]e-Xcw ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI {]iv\- ß - f mWv krjv S n- ° p- ∂ Xv . kμ¿i- I - c psS Bh-iy-ßfpw {]Xo-£-Ifpw \ndth‰n D]-t`m-‡m-hns\ kwXr-]vX\m°p∂Xn- e mWv Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ {i≤. CXns‚ ^e-ambn {]IrXn hn`-h-ß-fp-tSbpw kmwkvIm-cnI hn`-h-ß-fp-sSbpw hmWn-Py-h-Xv°cWw kPo-h-am-Ip∂p. CXv h≥Zpc-¥-Øn\v hgn-sbm-cp-°p∂p. Cu Zpc-¥-߃s°mcp {]Xnhn[n F∂ \nebv°v IS-∂p-h∂ Nn¥ "_Z¬ Sqdnk"Ønt‚-Xm-bncp∂p. em`-tI-{μo-Ir-X-amb, {]IrXnsb Ah-KW - n-°p∂ Sqdn-kØ - n¬ \n∂v ]mcn-ÿn-XnI kvt\l-ap≈ Hcp Sqdn-kØ - ns‚ At\z-jW - a - mWv Ct°m-Sq-dn-k-Øn-se-Øn-bXv. 1980˛ emWv sk_-t√mkv emk‚n-b≥ Ct°m-Sq-dnkw F∂ hm°v cq]-s∏Sp-Øn-bXv.

kwkv°m- c - ß fpw XΩn- e p≈ k¶o¿Æ-amb _‘-ßsf hni-ZoI-cn-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂p. Ipd-®p-IqSn ka-{K-amb Imgv®∏mSv Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ hmekn\pw, ]ntb-gvkn\pw Ign™p. Ch¿ apt∂m-´p-h® kwbp-‡-amb ImgvN∏ - mSv A\p-kc - n®v Akv]¿iyamb {]Ir-Xn-Zr-iy-ßf - n-tebv°v ]T\-Øn\pw, Bkzm-Z-\-Øn\pw kzta[bm D≈ klm- b - Ø n- \ p- a mbn sNøp∂ bm{X- b mWv Ct°m- S qdnkw. AXv Hcp {]tZ-isØ kky, ssPh, `qK¿`, ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI {]iv\-ßsf kw_-‘n®pw AhtbmSv tN¿∂v Pohn-°p∂ a\p-jycpsS Bh-iy-ß-tfbpw kwkv°mc-tØbpw aÆp-am-bp≈ Ah-cpsS _‘- t Øbpw kw_- ‘ n- ® p≈ hnj-b-ß-fmWv ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xv. AXv {]Ir-Xn-hn-`-h-ßsf \apt°-h¿°p-ap≈ kºØv F∂ \nebnepw BtKm-f-X-e-Ønepw {]mtZinI Xe- Ø nepw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂p. kao-]hm- k n- I ƒ°v {]tXyI ÿm\w \¬Ip∂p. AXv kwc-£W - Ø - n\pw AXn-Po-h\ hnI-k-Øn\pw AXphgn A]-c¿°p-th≠n hn`-h-ßfpsS D]-t`m-KsØ Hgn-hm-°-epambn hn`m- h \w sNø- s ∏- ´ n- c n°p∂p.

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{]Ir-Xn-tam-ln-I-fpsS hnt\m-Zk-©mc k¶¬∏\w bmYm¿∞yam- I m- X n- c n- ° m\pw I¨sh≥jW¬ Sqdnkw IqSp-X¬ i‡n-{]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXt- XmsS {]Ir-XnbpsS ta¬\-S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ A[n-\nth-i-ßfpw A{I-a-ßfpw ssPhtem-IØ - ns‚ `mhn-sb-Øs∂ A]I-Ss - ∏-Sp-Øp∂ Xc-Øn-embn. {]IrXn-\n-c¥ - c - a - mbn sIm≈-bS- n-°s - ∏-SpIbpw aen- \ o- I - c n- ° - s ∏- S p- I bpw sNøp-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ ^ew. \nc-h[n h¿j-ß-fmbn XpS¿∂p-hcp∂ Cu Nqj-W-Øn\v a\p-jy≥ kn≤m-¥-]-c-amb klmbw tXSn-bn´p≠v. apX-em-fnØ XXz-im-kv{Xhpw ¢mkn- ° ¬ IΩyq- W nÃv kn≤m¥hpw, ss{IkvXh Z¿i-\hpw a\pjy- c m- i n- t bbpw {]Ir- X n- t bbpw {[pho-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. a\p-jys‚ e£y-km-£m-Xv°m-cØn-\p-th≠n {]Ir-Xnsb NqjWw sNøm≥ ssZhw A\p- h - Z n- ® n- c n°p∂p F∂mWv ss{IkvXh Z¿i\w ]d-bp-∂Xv. ssZh-Øns‚

{]Ir-Xn-bpsS `mh-Km-b-I-\m-bncp∂p thUv k v h¿Øv . At±- l sØ-t∏mse A\-¥hpw A\-\y-hpamb {]Ir- X n- b psS kuμcyw lrZbØn¬ H∏n-sb-SpØ ]e IhnIfpw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS {]W-bm¿∞nI-fm-bn-cp∂p. Hcp aW¬Ø-cn-bn¬ temIw apgp-h≥ ImWm\pw Hcp h\-]p-jv]-Øn¬ kz¿§sØ Z¿in°m\pw, Hcp bma-Øn¬ A\-iz-cX A\p-`-hn-°m\pw Ah¿°p Ign™n- c p∂p. th¿Uv k v h¿Øpw Io‰v k pw tImƒdnUv P pw Im¿ebn\pw Fta-gvkWpw s^∂-ens‚ A`n- { ]m- b - Ø n¬ Ct°m- S q- d n- k Øns‚ ]q¿Δ-kq-cn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ Fta-gvk¨ Ah-Xcn-∏n® AXo-{μnb [ym\-kn-≤m¥w hnt\m-Zk - © - m-cØ - ns‚ BZy-Nn-¥map-Ip-f-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. AXv {]Ir-Xn-

]n∂oSv sk_-t√mkv emk‚nb≥ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI hnt\m-Z-k-©mc- Ø n\v Hcp \n¿Δ- N \w cq]- s ∏SpØn. At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-{]m-bØn¬ ]T- \ - Ø nt\m, hnkv a - b Ønt\m Zriym- k zm- Z - \ - Ø nt\m h\y- k ky˛P¥p \nco- £ - W Ønt\m kmwkv ° m- c nI Bhnjv°m-c-ß-fpsS Is≠-Ø-ent\m th≠n Xmc-Xt- ay\ kz—-μhpw amen\y-cl - n-Xh - p-amb {]IrXn {]tZ-iß - fn-te-bv°p≈ bm{Xsb Ct°m-Sqdnkw F∂p \n¿Δ-Nn°mw. 1965˛¬ Xs∂ slÿ CtX Bibw apt∂m- ´ p- s h- ® n- c p∂p. At±lw Ct°m- S q- d nkw F∂ ]ZsØ hnt\m-Z-k-©m-cn-Ifpw ]cnÿn- X nbpw Ah¿ CS- s ]- S p∂ ○

Zm¿i-\nI ]cn-c£

{Ko≥Sq-dnkw

\n¿Δ-N\w

26

bp-tSbpw a\p-jy-t‚bpw Bflo-bZ¿i- \ - i m- k v { X- a m- b n- c p∂p. Ftagvks‚ kzm[o-\-^-e-ambn Ata-cn°-bnse kmln-Xy-\m-bI - c - n¬ {]apJ-cmb tXmsd, sa¬hn≥, hn‰vam≥ F∂n-h¿ {]IrXn kuμ-cy-hm-Zn-Ifmbn amdn. {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Ba-·\mbn Ata- c n- ° - b n¬ DS- \ ofw tXmsd \S- Ø nb ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI t_m[\w {]IrXn kwc- £ - W Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-∏‰n Atacn-°° - m-cn¬ Pm{KX krjvSn-°m≥ ]cym-]vXa - mb {]hr-Øn-bm-bn-cp∂p. CXns\ klm-bn-°p∂ {]ÿm\ {]h¿Ø- \ - ß - f mWv {Ko≥]okv aqhv s a‚nepw Uo∏v Ct°m- f Pn aqhv s a‚nepw \S- ∂ Xv . CØcw {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Nn¥m-K-Xn-Ifpw hfsc BZ¿im-fl-I-amb Ct°m SqdnÃv k¶¬∏-Øn\v Ata-cn-°bn¬ Bcw`w Ipdn- ° m≥ CS- h cpØn. ]t£, B Nn¥m-K-Xn-Iƒ ]n∂oSv XIn- S w- a - d n- ° - s ∏´p. I¨sh≥j-W¬ Sqdnkw {]IrXn kvt\ln-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah-cpsS tamlsØ X´n-∏-dn-s®-Sp-Ø-XmWv ]n¬°me Ncn{Xw.

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2008

am¿®v

C— AXm-sW∂v Ah¿ DZvt_m[n- ∏ n- ° p∂p. apX- e m- f n- Ø - Ø nt‚bpw, IΩyq- W n- k - Ø n- t ‚bpw ¢m n-°¬ hnNm-c-[mc a\p-jy-tI{μo- I r- X - a mWv . AXp- s Im≠v B kn≤m-¥-ßfpw, Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ss{IkvX-h-Z¿i-\sØ klm-bn°p-I-bmWv sNbvXXv. imkv{Xob At\z- j - W - ß - f psS AXy- ¥ nI e£yw a\p-jys‚ kpJ-ku-I-cy߃ h¿≤n-∏n-°-emWv. kzm`m-hnI-ambpw imkv{Xob At\z-j-Wßfpw a\p-jys\ tI{μo-I-cn-®mWv {]h¿Øn- ® p- h - c p- ∂ Xv . CsX√mw ^e-Øn¬ {]Ir-Xnsb sIm≈-b-Sn°p-∂X - n-emWv Iem-in-®Xv. {]Ir-XnbpsS ta¬ a\p-jy≥ t\Snb B[n]-Xy-Øn\v as‰mcp ImcWw IqSn s^∂¬ Nq≠n- ° m- ´ p- ∂ p≠v. A⁄m-X-am-b-Xns\ Icp-Xn-bp≈ `bw. X\n-°-dn-bm≥ ]mSn-√mØ HØncn Imcy-߃ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS \nKq-V-X-I-fn¬ Kp]vX-am-bn-cn-°pIbpw AXp a\p-jys\ `b-s∏-SpØp- I bpw sNbv X p- s Im- ≠ n- c p- ∂ t∏mƒ AXns\ adn-I-S-°m-\p≈ a\p-jys‚ B{Klw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS ta¬ B[n-]Xyw sNep-Ø-embn Iem-in-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ct°m- S qdn- k - s Ø- ° p- d n- ® p≈ Nn¥m- ] - ≤ Xn Xs∂ C∂v sshcp≤yw \nd-™-Xmbn amdn-bncn-°p∂p. H∂v ssPh-tI-{μo-Ir-Xamb temIw. as‰m∂v a\p-jy-tI{μo-Ir-X-amb temIw. CXns‚ ASnÿm-\-Øn¬ Ct°m-Sq-dn-k-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-I-fn¬ c≠p amXr-I-I-fmWv Db¿∂p h∂Xv. AXn-sem∂v a\pjy-tI-{μo-Ir-Xhpw as‰m∂v ssPhtI-{μo-Ir-Xh - p-am-bn-cp∂p. Cu Nn¥m[m- c - I ƒ c≠p- X cw temI- ß ƒ krjvSn-°p∂p. ]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥b - psS temI- I m- g v N - ∏ m- S mWv B{¥t∏m sk≥{Sn- k - Ø n- e qsS shfn- s ∏- S p∂Xv. Cu amXrI A\p-kc - n®v {]IrXnsb hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠Xv a\p-jy≥ krjvSn® aqey-߃ sIm≠mWv. AXns‚ A¿∞w {]Ir- X n- b psS cq]hpw [¿Ωhpw Xocp-am-\n-°p∂Xv. a\p-jy-\m-sW-∂mWv. {]IrXn Fßn-s\-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v a\pjy≥ Xocp-am-\n°pw. Cu ImgvN∏mSv a\p-jy-tI-{μo-Ir-Xhpw {]IrXn-hn-cp-≤-hp-amWv. CXn¬\n∂pw 2008

am¿®v

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imkv{Xob At\z-j-W-ß-fpsS AXy-¥nI e£yw a\p-jys‚ kpJ- k u- I - c y- ß ƒ h¿≤n- ∏ n- ° - e mWv . kzm`m- h n- I - a mbpw imkv{Xob At\z-j-W-ßfpw a\p-jys\ tI{μo-I-cn-®mWv {]h¿Øn- ® p- h - c p- ∂ Xv . CsX√mw ^e- Ø n¬ {]Ir- X nsb sIm≈-b-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-emWv Iem-in-®Xv. X\n-°-dn-bm≥ ]mSn√mØ HØncn Imcy- ß ƒ {]Ir- X n- b psS \nKq- V - X - I - f n¬ Kp]vX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw AXp a\p-jys\ `b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ AXns\ adn-I-S-°m-\p≈ a\pjys‚ B{Klw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS ta¬ B[n-]Xyw sNep-Øembn Iem-in-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. W\ XXz-im-kv{XsØ Ipd-®p-IqSn `wKn- b mbn Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ _¿tØmƒUv s{_lv-‰ns‚ Hcp hN\w s^∂¬ ISw- s Im- ≈ p∂p≠v. s{_lv‰v Hcn-°¬ ]d-bp-Ibp- ≠ mbn ; BZyw Blmcw ; tijw kZm-Nmcw. Cu Ah-ÿbmWv Ct°m Sqdnkw C∂v A`n-apJo- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - s X- ∂ mWv s^∂ens‚ A`n-{]mbw. ]W-ap-≠m-°p∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Sqdnk hyh-kmbw hf¿∂p hnI-kn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn°p-tºmƒ {]mtZ-inI P\-X-bpsS kmwkv I m- c nI aqey- ß fpw AhcpsS Pohn- X hpw Ah- c n¬\n∂v sIm≈-b-Sn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. Sqdnk hyh- k mbw G‰hpw IqSp- X ¬ kΩ¿±w sNep- Ø p∂ {]tZ-isØ P\-߃ Sqdn-ksØ Ah-⁄-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv ho£n°p-∂Xv. lhm-bn-bn¬ \ns∂-Ønb Hcp {]Xn- \ n[n C‚¿\m- j - W ¬ Sqdnkw tIm¨{^≥kn¬ Sqdn-ktØm- S p≈ shdp∏v kln- ° - \ mImsX s]m´n-sØ-dn-®Xv s^∂¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p≠v. lhmbv {]Xn\n[n ]d-™-Xn-XmWv : "R߃°v Sqdnkw th≠. R߃°v ASn-aIfpw B´-°mcpw BtI≠, CXv kmwkv I m- c nI hy`n- N m- c - a mWv . \nßsf R߃°p th≠, \nßfn¬ Hcm-sf-t∏mepw lhm-bn-bn¬ ImWm≥ R߃ B{K- l n- ° p∂n√. \njvI-f-¶-\mb Sqdn-Ãns\ temI- s Øm- c n- S Øpw ImWm- \ mIn√'. F√m Sqdn-Ãp-Ifpw {]mtZinI kmwkvIm-csØ A´n-a-dn-°p∂-hcpw sIm≈-bS- n-°p-∂h - c - p-amWv. SqdnÃv hyh-km-b-Øns‚ sISp-XnIƒs∏- ´ p- t ]mb Hcp P\- k - a q- l Øns‚ Iep-ja - mb {]Xn-tj-[a - mWv Cu hm°p-I-fn¬ IØn-\n¬°p-

thdn- ´ Xpw a\p- j y\v Aan- X - { ]m[m\yw \¬Im-Ø-Xp-amb H∂mWv ssPh-tI-{μo-Ir-X-amb ImgvN-∏mSv AYhm "_tbm-sk≥{Snkw'. GImfl-I-amb Hcp BtKmf ImgvN-∏mSmbn \ap-°n-Xns\ ImWmw. ssPha- W v U - e - Ø n¬ F√m Poh- P m- e ߃°pw \ne-\n¬°m-\p≈ AhImiw Xpey-am-sW∂ Z¿i-\-amWv _tbm- s k≥{Snkw \¬Ip- ∂ Xv . ss\k¿§nI aqey-ß-fpsS ImcyØn¬ F√mw Xpey-am-sW∂v Cu kn≤m¥w ]d-bp∂p. DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz]q¿Æ-amb D]-tbmKw {]Ir-Xn-hn`-h-߃ XpS-ßnb Imcy-߃°v D∂-X-amb aqey-ß-fmWv _tbmsk≥{Snkw I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

kmwkvIm-cnI hy`n-Nmcw Sqdn-k-Øns‚ sI´p-Im-gvN-bn¬ kZm-Nm-c-hn-cp-≤hpw {]IrXn hncp≤-hp-amb Imcy-߃ Ac-tß-dpIbpw P\-ß-fpsS kmwkvIm-cnI aqey-߃ hnI-e-am-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. kº- ∂ - c m- P y- ß fn¬\n∂pw Zcn- { Z- c m- P y- ß - f psS {]IrXn kuμ-cy-Øn-tebv°pw Ncn{X-]m-c-º-cy-ß-fn-tebv°pw X\Xp Iem-cq-]-ß-fn-tebv°pw ss]Xr-Iß- f n- t ebv ° pw IS- ∂ p- I - b - d p∂ Sqdnkw aq∂mw temI-cm-Py-ß-fpsS X\n-as - b-t∏mepw XI¿Øv Xcn-∏W - am- ° p- I - b mWv . hni- ° p- ∂ - h s‚ aqey-ßsf Ffp-∏-Øn¬ A´n-a-dn°m-sa∂ kn≤m-¥-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv Cu IS-∂p-Ib - ‰w km≤y-am-°p-∂Xv. F{_lmw amkvtem ]d-™Xv a\pjys‚ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ Ahs‚ Bh- i y- ß - f m¬ \nb- { ¥n- ° - s ∏Sp∂p F∂mWv. G‰hpw i‡-amb Bh-iy-߃ BZyw \nd-th-‰m≥ Ah≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. Cu hn]○

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27

∂Xv. F∂m¬, Cu P\- I ob t£m`sØ th≠{X ]cn- K - W n°m≥ s^∂¬ B{K-ln-°p-∂n√. s^∂- e ns‚ A`n- { ]m- b - Ø n¬ kmaq-ly-tI-{μo-Ir-X-amb Hcp kZmNmc {]iv\w am{X-am-WnXv. lhm-bnbn¬ kºZv hyh-ÿ-bpsS \s´-√mbn- ´ mWv Sqdnk hyh- k m- b sØ At±lw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xv. lhmbn-bn¬ P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI aqey-ßf ]cn-°n-√msX kq£n-°p∂Xv \√- X mWv F∂v s^∂¬ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp∂p- s ≠- ¶ nepw AXn- \ pth≠n Sqdn-ksØ Dt]£n- ° - W - s a∂v At±- l Øn\v A`n-{]m-ba - n√. Gdnbm¬ Hcp kwXp- e - \ mhÿ. AXn- \ - ∏ p- d tØbv°v s^∂¬ B{Kln-°p-∂n√. ChnsS At±l- Ø ns‚ {]Xn- _ - ≤ X Xm≥ {]Xn- \ n- [ m\w sNøp∂ apX- e m- f nØ kmaqly hyh-ÿn-Xn-tbmSm-sW∂v hf-®p-sI-´n-√msX hy‡am-°-s∏-Sp∂p.

Kh¨sa≥dv \nb-{¥-W-tØm-Sp≈ Akw- X r- ] v X nbpw CXn- t e- s °Øm≥ Gsd klm-bn®p. ]mcn-ÿnXn-I-amb AXn-Po-h\w km≤y-am-IW- s a- ¶ n¬ AXn- \ - \ p- k r- X - a mbn kmaq- l y- a m‰w th≠n- h - c p- s a∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ P\-߃ t{]cn-X-ambn. kwc-£nX taJ-ebv°v AIØpw ]pd- Ø p- a p≈ \m®z- d ¬ em‚ v kvtI∏p-I-fp-tSbpw ]mcn-ÿn-XnI {]{In- b - I - f p- t Sbpw ssh¬Uv

sse^v kv]ojn-kn-t‚bpw a\p-jycp-tSbpw {]h¿Ø-\-ßsf ka-{Kambn GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw \nb-{¥n°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kwhn-[m-\a - mWv Ct°m-knÃw amt\-Pvsa≥dv. lyqa≥ Ct°m- f - P nbpw Sqdnkhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w hfsc {]k-‡hpw {][m-\-s∏-´-Xp-am-sW¶nepw AXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w hf-sc-°p-d®p am{Xta \S-∂n-´p≈q. ]cn-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ a\p-jy-\p≈ ]¶ns\-°p-dn®pw ÿm\-sØ-°p-dn®pw AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Zm¿i-\n-I-{]iv\-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ^e-{]-Z-amb ]cy- t h- j Ww km≤y- a m- I p- ∂ Xv I¨k¿th-j-\n-eq-sSbpw {]k¿th- j - \ n- e q- s S- b p- a m- s W∂v s^∂¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Im\U-bnepw a‰p cmPy-ß-fnepw cq]oI-cn-®n-´p≈ ]m¿°p-Iƒ a\p-jy\pw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw XΩn-ep≈ ]mc-kv]cy-Øns‚ sSÃv ssk‰p-If - mWv. D]tbm- K hpw kwc- £ - W hpw XΩnep≈ kwXp-e\w krjvSn-°p-hm≥ \ap°v ]pXnb X{¥-߃ Bhnjv ° - c n- t °- ≠ n- b n- c n- ° p∂p. a\pjys‚ aqey-߃ a‰p ssPh-temI-ß-fn-emWv IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂ hkv X pX Ct°m- k nÃw amt\-

Ct°m-knÃw amt\-Pvsa≥dv Ct°m-Sq-dn-k-Øns‚ Hcp khnti-j-X-bmWv Ct°m-knÃw amt\Pv s a≥dv . kwc- £ nX ]cn- ÿ nXn taJ-I-fn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ ssPhtem-IsØ Imcy-£-a-a-amb coXnbn¬ amt\Pv sNøp∂ kwhn-[m-\amWv Ct°m-knÃw amt\-Pvsa≥dv. 1994˛se IW-°\ - p-kc - n®v km¿Δ-tZio-b-aq-ey-ap≈, Akm-[m-c-WXzw ]pe¿Øp∂, {]Ir-Xn-c-a-Wo-b-amb, kmwkvIm- c nI {]Xr- I - a p≈ GXm≠v 350 ÿe-ß-fmWv BtKmf-X-e-Øn-en-t∏m-gp-≈Xv. kwc-£nX taJ-e-bpsS s{^bn-an-emWv Ch \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv. Hcmƒ°v {]Ir-Xnkw-c-£Ww km≤y-am-I-W-sa-¶n¬ AØ- c - s amcp ssk‰n¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ _‘-ß-tfbpw {]{Inb-I-tfbpw Ipdn®v imkv{Xo-b-amb Adnhv Bh- i y- a mWv . CXn- \ pth≠nbp≈ At\z-ja - mWv Ct°mknÃw amt\-Pvsa≥dn-tebv°v Imcyßsf sIm≠p-t]m-bXv. ssPh-sshhn≤y {]Xn-k-‘nbpw ]pXnb ]mcnÿn- X nI kn≤m- ¥ - ß fpw 28

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Pv s a‚ v Is≠- Ø p∂p. lyqa≥ Ct°m- f - P n- b nepw Ct°m- k nÃw amt\-Pvsa≥dnepw apt∂m-´p-h-®n´p≈ XXz-߃ {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ a\pjy-\p≈ ÿm\w a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ \sΩ Gsd klm-bn-°p∂p. Cu taJ-e-bn¬ \S∂ At\zj- W - ß ƒ Ct°m- S q- d n- k sØ temI- { i- ≤ - b n¬ sIm≠p- h - c m≥ klm-bn®p. 1992˛se dntbm `ua D®-tIm-Sn-bn¬ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ D]bp‡m kZm- N m- c - Ø n\v {]m[m\yw e`n®p. ]≠v Sqdnkw FØnIvkv tlmkv ] n- ‰ m- e n‰n amt\Pv s a‚p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´mWv ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-´n-cp∂Xv. hmWn-Py-Øn-t‚bpw tkh-\-Øn-t‚bpw _‘߃ At\z- j n- ° m≥ Bcw-`n-®t- Xm-Sp-IqSn D]-bp‡Xm kZm- N m- c - Ø n\v (bq´n-en‰n FØn-Ivkn\v) {]k‡n D≠m-hp-I-bmWv sNbv X Xv . CXns\ ASnÿm-\-am°n \nc-h[n Kth-j-W߃ \S∂p. AXns‚ ^e-ambn cq]w-sIm-≠-XmWv II QUEST (International Institute for Quality and Ethics in Service and Tourism). II QUESTs‚ Kth-jW hnj-b-ß-fn¬ {][m-\am-bXv kZm-Nmc {]iv\ß - fpw kmaqly-_-‘-ßfpw ssewKnI ]oU-\߃ t]mse-bp≈ hnj-b-ßfpw Fßns\ ssIImcyw sNøm-sa-∂XmWv. Sqdn-k-hy-h-km-b-Øn¬ IS∂p-h-cp∂ F√m kZm-Nmc {]iv\ß-tfbpw AXv ]T-\-Øn\v hnt[-bam-°p-∂p≠v.

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tkmjy¬ tlmfnkw I®-hS- Ø - ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\X - Xzw em`-\n¿Ωn-Xn-bmWv. kmaqly \bß-fnepw X{¥-ß-fnepw Xm¬]-cysa-Sp-°m≥ I®-hSw DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Im´m-dn√. I®-h-S-Øns‚ Cu A]am-\h - n-Im-hÿ Sqdn-kØ - n¬ A\ph¿Øn-°-cp-sX-∂mWv hmsesb D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v s^∂¬ ]d-bp∂Xv . ImcWw Sqdn- k sØ Hcp s]mXp- [ mcm hyh- k m- b - a mbn ImWm-\m-hn√. Sqdnkw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbnepw kaq-l-Ønepw kmwkvImcnI k{º-Zm-b-Ønepw Akm-[m-c○

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2008

am¿®v

W-amb kzm[o\w krjvSn-°p∂p. AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Ønepw {]Ir- X n- b psS k¥p- e - \ m- h - ÿ bnepw AXns‚ {]Xn-^-e-\-߃ D≠m- h p∂p. X¬^- e - a mbn a\pjy\pw a‰p ssPh-tem-Ihpw {]IrXnbpw XΩn-ep≈ ]mc-kv]-cy-amWv ChnsS apJy-hn-j-b-ambn hcp-∂Xv. AXn-\m¬ hnim-ehpw hnhn-[-am\ kz`m-h-ap-≈-Xp-amb Hcp tlmfnÃn°v Hmdn-b-t‚-j-\mWv Bh-iysa∂v s^∂¬ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. kaIm- e o\ I®- h S kZm- N mcw AØcw Hcp ka-{K-amb ImgvN∏ - mSv kzoI-cn-°m≥ Xøm-d√. Ncn-{X-]-cambn I®-hSw tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv kwL-S-\-bnepw D]-t`m-‡m-hn-epamWv. \n¿Ωm-Xm-hn\pw D]-t`m-‡mhn\pw D≠m-Ip∂ {]iv\-߃°∏pdw Hcp aq∂mw-I-£nbv°v t\cntS-≠n-h-cp∂ {]iv\-ß-fn¬ I®-hS- Ø n\p Xm¬]- c y- a n√. aqeym- [ njvTnX kaq-lsØ kw_-‘n-®n-StØmfw Bhm-k-hy-hÿ kwc£n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ibpw Ncm-Nc - ß - ƒ°pw Poh- P m- e - ß ƒ°pw Ah- b psS A¿l-X-s∏´ Ahÿ (Ah-bpsS Xe-Øn¬\n-∂p≈) AwKo-I-cn-°s∏-Sp-Ibpw Aßs\ GIm-fl-Iamb LS-\-bn¬ a\p-jy\v kz¥w km∂n≤yw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bpIbpw sNøp∂ ka- { K- X - b mWv tkmjy¬ tlmfnkw. Pohn- X - s Ø- ° p- d n- ® p≈ Hcp ka{K k¶¬]-amWv tlmfnkw. a\p-jy\pw {]Ir-Xnbpw k¿Δ-N-cmN-c-ßfpw GIm-flI `mh-Øn¬

h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp PohnX hyh-ÿbpsS al- Ø mb k¶¬]- a mWv AXv. Cß-s\-bp≈ H∂n-tebv°v FØn-t®-cpI F∂Xv Ct°m-Sq-dn-kØns‚ AXn- h n- Z q- c - a mb kz]v \ amWv. AXn\v aq∂v k¶o¿Æ-amb L´-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-tI-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂v Ct°m-Sq-dnkw hn`m-h\w sNøp∂p. AXn¬ BZytØXv hn]-W\ tI{μo-Ir-X-amb Ct°m-Sq-dnk kwkv°m-ca - mWv. apXem-fnØ Z¿i-\-Øns‚ Hcp {]tXyI- X - e - Ø n¬ cq]- s ∏´ hn]- W \ kwkv I m- c - Ø n\v \¬Im≥ Ignbp∂ Pohn-X-t_m-[hpw aqey-t_m[hpw ka-{K-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ aps∂mcp-°-am-bn-´mWv ImWp-∂Xv. c≠ma- t ØXv _yqtdm- { Ikn krjv S n°p∂ kmaqly Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ cq]s∏- ´ p- h - c p∂ Sqdnk kwkv ° m- c amWv. aq∂m-at- ØXv aqeym-[n-jvTnX Sqdnk kwkv I r- X n- b mWv . CXn\mWv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp Pohn-Xho-£Ww {][m\w sNøm≥ Ignbp- ∂ Xv . Ct°m- S q- d n- k - Ø ns‚ h‡m-°f - psS A`n-{]m-bØ - n¬ Cu aq∂v L´-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Iptºmƒ ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-Ia - mb Hcp aqeytem-IØ - n\v FØn-t®-cm≥ Ignbpw. {]Ir- X n- b psS Bh- k - h y- h ÿ kwc- £ n- ® p- s Im≠v a\p- j ys‚ Pohn-Xh - n-Im-kß - ƒ km[y-am-Ip∂ Hcp PohnX ]cn-k-c-amWv AXp-hgn krjv S n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ Xv . s^∂epw at√mbpw \ΩpsS ap∂n¬ Ah-Xcn-∏n-°p∂ Bi-b-an-XmWv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tlmfn-k-Øn-

te-°p≈ k©m-c-Øn¬ BZy-saØp∂ IShv hn]-W\ kwkvIr-Xnbp-tS-XmWv. AXn¬ apX-em-fnØ kzX-{¥-hn-]W - n-bpsS aqey-ßf - mWv ]qØp-e-bp-∂Xv. AXn-\m¬ am\-hnI-aq-ey-߃°pw {]Ir-Xn°pw Imcyamb ]cn-K-W-\-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂n√. CXn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp apt∂-‰-amWv kmaq-ly-]-c-X-bpsS DtZym-Kÿ kwkvIrXn (tkmtjym _yqtdm{Im-‰nIv Iƒ®¿). Cu L´-Øn¬ D]-bp-‡-Xm-aq-ey-߃°mWv {]mapJyw. Aßs\ kzX-{¥-hn-]Wn-bp-tSbpw D]-bp-‡X - m-aq-ey-ßf - ptSbpw temI- ß sf IS- ∂ mWv aqeym-[n-jvTn-Xa - mb kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ \msa-Øn-t®-cp-∂Xv. AhnsS FØptºmƒ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI aqey-߃°v A¿l-amb {]m[m\yw e`n-°p∂p. {]Ir-Xn°pw a\p-jy\pw k¿Δ-Nc - mN-c-߃°pw A¿l-amb ]cn-K-W\-Iƒ e`n-°p∂ AXo-hk - p-μc - a - mb Hcp Pohn-X-hy-h-ÿ-bmWv AXv. ]cn-ÿn-Xn-tbbpw a\p-jy-t\bpw Xncn-®-dn™pw Hmtcm-∂n\pw A\ph- Z n- ° - s ∏´ ]cn- K - W - \ - I ƒ \¬Inbpw Ah XΩn-ep≈ ]mckv]cy kwXp-e\w ]cn-]m-en®pw Pohn-X-Øns‚ al-Ømb e£yßsf km£m-Xv°-cn-°p∂ Hcp ka-{K-Po-hnX hyh-ÿ-bpsS ]cnI¬]\ tkmjy¬ tlmfn-k-Øne-S-ßn-bn-´p≠v. (Ah-ew_w/IS-∏mSv : Ct°m s^an\nkw, Ct°m Sqdnkw, am¿Ivknkw/ ]T\w˛Fw.-F≥. ]ntb-gvk¨, Id≥dv _pIvkv, tIm´bw. 85 cq] / t]Pv 198) F≥.-Fw. ]ntb-gvk¨, 0484 2443065

]©m-bØpIƒ°v jm∏v ]q´n°mw AUz. tPm¿÷vIp´n IS-πm-°¬ ]©m- b - Ø p- I ƒ°v

jm∏v

{]kvXpX hIp-∏p-Iƒ ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°-Wsa-∂-h-iy-s∏´v ka-c-{]-Nm-cW ]cn-]m-SnIƒ \S- Ø n- b n- c p- ∂ p. F¶nepw Hcp Kh¨sa‚pw A{]-Im-c-samcp \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√. F∂m¬ 20˛9-˛2007 ¬ PÃnkv sI. _me-Ir-jvW≥ \mbcpw PÃnkv ‰n.B¿. cma- N - { μ≥ \mbcpw tN¿∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® Hcp kp{][m\ hn[n\ymb-Øn¬ 1994 se tIcf ]©m-bØvcmPv \nbaw 2, 3, 4 hIp-∏pIƒ \o°w sNbvXp-sh-¶nepw Hcp {Kma]-©m-bØv {]tZ-iØv aZy-jm∏v ÿm]n°p-∂-Xn\v ]©m-bØns‚ ssek≥kv kºm-Zn-®n-cn-°-W-sa∂v Ak-∂n-≤-ambn {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. 231(1)˛mw D]- h - I p∏pw 1996 se

]q´n°mw 1994- ˛ se ]©m- b Øv c mPv \nb- a Øn¬ 232-˛mw hIp∏v 2, 3, 4 hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Imcw Hcp {Kma-]© - m-bØv {]tZ-iØ - n\p-≈n¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw Hcp aZy-jm∏v ÿm]n-°p∂Xn\v {]kvXpX {Kma-]-©mb-Øns‚ tcJm-aq-e-amb A\p-aXn Bhiy-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂mev 24-˛3-˛1999 apX¬ {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂ Hcp t`Z-K-Xn-bpsS 232-˛mw hIp-∏nse 2, 3, 4 D]-h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ k¿°m¿ d±v sNøp-Ib - p-≠m-bn. AtXmsS aZy-jm-∏p-I-fpsS ta¬ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øn\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ A[n-Imcw C√m-Xm-bn. AXn-s\-Xnsc aZy-hn-cp≤ {]ÿm-\ß - fpw {]h¿Ø- I cpw cwKØv hcn- I bpw 2008

am¿®v

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B]¬°-chpw Ak-ly-hp-amb hym]mc-߃°pw ^mIvSd - n-Iƒ°pw ssek≥kv \¬I¬ N´-ß-fnse 3˛mw N´-a-\p-k-cn®p≈ ]´n-I-bn¬ 139˛mw hnh-c-Whpw ]cnK-Wn-®mWv tImSXn C{]-Imcw hn[n {]kvXm-hn-®X - .v 232 (1) hIp-∏\ - p-kc - n®v a\pjys‚ Poht\m Btcm- K y- Ø nt\m hkvXp-hI - I - ƒt°m A]-IS- t- am Ak-lyX-bp-≠m-°p-∂tXm Btb-°m-\n-S-bp≈ Imcy- ß ƒ°v {Kma- ] - © m- b Øv sse k≥kv Bh-iy-am-Wv. 3˛mw N´-a-\p-k-cn®v B]¬°-chpw Ak-ly-hp-amb hym]mc-ß-fpsS hnh-c-W-Øn¬ 139-˛m-a-Xmbn "A_v I mcn jm∏p- I ƒ kw`- c - W hpw hn¬]-\bpw \S-ج' F∂v tcJ-s∏-SpØn-bn-´p-≠v. ○

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29

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A`n-apJw

Pe-tcJ t]mse Hcp {]Jym-]\w 2007 se temI Sqdnkw Zn\Øns‚ Bi-b-amb "Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°v hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd-°p-∂p'- F-∂X - n-s\-°p-dn®v tIcf ^nj¿ hpa≥ t^mdØns‚ {]kn-U‚mb amKven≥ ]o‰-¿ kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. Xøm-dm-°n-bXv : amb Fkv.-]n.

2007 sk]v‰w-_¿ 27se temI Sqdnkw Zn\-Øns‚ Bi-b-amWv h\n-XI - ƒ hmXn¬ Xpd-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv. Zmcn-{Zy-\n¿Ωm¿÷-\hpw Sqdn-kØns‚ hf¿®-bp-amWv sFIy-cmjv { S- k - ` - b nse kwL- S - \ - b mb thƒUv Sqdnkw Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥ e£yw hbv°p-∂s - X-¶nepw C¥ybnse hnhn[ taJ-eI - f - n-ep≈ ]ucmh-Imi kwL-S\ - I - ƒ Cu Bi-bØns‚ bp‡nsb tNmZyw sNøpIbpw AXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®-Ifnse GI-]£ - o-bX - sb FXn¿°pIbpw sNbvXp. C¥y-bnse h\nX kmaqly {]h¿Ø-I¿ Sqdnkw Hcp hn`m-KØ - n\v am{Xta KpWw sNøpI-bp≈qsh∂pw as‰mcp hn`m-KØns\ klm-bn-°p-∂n-s√∂v sXfnbn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tIcf Xoc-tZi aln-fm-th-ZnbpsSbpw tIcf a’ysXmgn-emfn kv { XoI- f psS t^md- Ø n- s ‚bpw tIcf kzX{¥ a’y-sØm-gn-emfn s^U-td-js‚ kv{Xohn-`m-K-Øns‚bpw {]kn-U‚mb aKven≥ ]o‰¿ Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-Øns‚ hnhn[ {]iv\ß - s - f-°p-dn®v amb Fkv.] - n.bp-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ C¥y-bnse kv { XoIƒ°p- t h≠n Sqdnkw hmXn¬ Xpd-°p-∂pt≠m? Hscm‰ hmXn¬t]mepw {]tXyIn®v ap°ph BZn- h mkn ZfnXv kv{XoIƒ°v th≠n Xpd-°p-∂n√ F∂v ]d-tb≠n hcp-∂X - n¬ F\n°v tJZ-ap-≠v. DZm-lc - W - Ø - n\v tIc-fØn¬ Sqdnkw taJ-eI - fn¬ kv{XoIfpsS ]¶m-fnØw Ccp-]Xv iX-am-\Øn¬ Xmsg-bm-Wv. ap°ph kap-Zmb-Ønepw ap°ph {Kma-ßf - nepw CXv AXnepw Xmsg-bm-Wv. Sqdnkw Xt±i-hm-kn-I-sfbpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmº- Ø n- I - h p- a mbn ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p-∂-h-scbpw klm-bn-°p∂n√ F∂-XmWv \ΩpsS CXp-hs - cbp≈ A\p-`h - w. Zu¿`m-Ky-hi - m¬ Chn-SsØ Sqdnkw kv{XoIsf ASn®-a¿Øm-\mWv F√m-bvt∏mgpw {ian30

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]m¿e-dp-Iƒ {]iv\a - n-√m-Øh - b - m-sW∂mWv F\n°v tXm∂p-∂X - v. Hcp hmXn¬ Xpd-∂m¬ as‰mcp hmXn¬ ASbpw Fs∂mcp ]gs©m-√p-≠v. Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°v th≠n Ah-kc - ß - ƒ krjvSn-°ptºmƒ AXn- t \m- S - \ p- _ - ‘ n®v Fs¥√mw hmXn-ep-If - mWv \ap°v ap∂n¬ AS-bm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv? Hcp hmXn¬ Xpd-°p-∂-tXmsS At\Iw hmXn- e p- I ƒ \ap°v ap∂n¬ AS-bm-\p-≠v. Sqdnkw hcp∂- t XmsS ]e ÿe- ß - f nepw IS¬Øo-cß - ƒ \ap°v \jvSa - m-Ipw. a’y-_-‘-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ CØcw ÿe-ßf - n-te-°p≈ kzImcy-hy-‡n-If - psS IS-∂p-Ib - ‰w aqew henb {]Xym-Lm-X-ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. dnb¬ FtÉv am^n-bI - ƒ Xt±-iobsc IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n®v IS¬Øoc߃ ssIb-S° - m≥ ImØn-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv. kp\m-an°v tijw ]p\-c[ - nhmk ]≤-Xn-Iƒ sshIn-bX - n-\m¬ ]ecpw ÿe-ap-t]£n®v t]mb-Xn\m¬ ÿe-sa√mw Sqdnkw ]≤-XnIƒ°mbn ssIam‰w sNø-s∏-´n-cn°p- I - b m- W v . ]e DØ- t c- ¥ y≥ kwÿm-\ß - f - nepw CXp-aqew \nch[n ap°ph kv{XoIƒ°v sXmgn¬ \jvS-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. a’y-_-‘-\hpw A\p-_-‘-tPm-en-Ifpw sNbvXp-hcp∂ ]e ap°p-h¿°pw a‰v tPmenI-sfm∂pw Adn-bn-√. AXns‚ Bhiy-hp-an-√. sXmgn-en-Sß - fpw Pohn-Xa - m¿§hpw {]Ir-Xn-t{km-X  - p-Ifpw \jvSs - ∏´ [mcmfw kv{XoIsf R߃ I≠p-ap´n. Sqdnkw hnI-k\w aqew F√mw \jvSs - ∏-Sp∂ kv{XoIsf ]p\-c[ - n-hkn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Cu ]≤Xn H∂pw ]d-bp-∂n-√. Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS `qanbpw kwkvIm-chpw hnIm-cß - fpw F√mw \jv S - a m- b n. Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°v th≠n hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd°p∂p F∂ {]Jym-]\w R߃ Pe-tcJ t]mse-bmWv Icp-Xp-∂X - .v

°p-∂X - v. Rß-fpsS kaq-lØ - nse kv{XoIƒ°v Ah-cpsS PohnXam¿§ßsf \jv S - s ∏- S p- Ø p∂ Ct∏mgsØ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ GP‚p-am-cmtI≠ Bh-iy-an-√. GXv Xc-Øn-ep≈ hmXn-ep-IfmWv Sqdnkw \ap°v apºn¬ Xpd°p-∂Xv? Aß-s\-bp-s≠-¶n¬ Xpd-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Cu hmXn-ep-If - psS ]n∂n-ep≈ Xm¬]-cy-ßs - f-s¥-√mamWv? Sqdn- k - h p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´v \n¬°p∂ kv { XoI- f n- e - [ n- I hpw ipNo-Ic - Wpw Nh-dp-hm-cepw XpWn Ae-°epw IS¬Xoc-ßf - n¬ hgn-°®-hSpw a‰p-amWv sNøp-∂X - .v CXv a‰v taJ-eI - f - nepw Cßs\ Xs∂-bmWv. Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°v ap∂n¬ Xpd°p∂ Hcp hmXn¬ akmPv ]m¿e-dnt‚-Xm-Wv. ]s£ Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v B\μw \¬Ip- ∂ - X - √ msX kv{XoIƒ°v AXv D]-Im-c{- ]-Za - m-Ip∂n- √ . Sqdn- à p- I ƒ°v \ΩpsS kv{XoIsf hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂X - n\v ]Icw icn-bmb tkh\w \¬IpI F∂ Dt±-ie - £ - y-am-sW-¶n¬ akmPv ○

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DZ-bw, hen-b-thfn ]n.-H., Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw˛695 021 ○

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2008

am¿®v

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IØv/{]Xn-I-cWw

Rß-fpsS Poh-t\m-]m-[n-Iƒ Xncn-®p-\-evIpI tI{μ Sqdnkw/kmwkvIm-cnI hIp∏v a{¥n Aw_nI tkmWn°v "Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°p-th≠n hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd-°p∂p' F∂ Bi-b-tØmSv hntbmPn-®p-sIm≠v amKven≥ ]o‰¿ Fgp-Xnb IØv. ]cn-`mj : Acp¨ Sn.-hn.

2007 sk]vXw-_¿ 27\v \S∂ temI Sqdnkw Zn\- Ø ns‚ Bi-b-am-bn-cp∂ "Sqdnkw kv{XoIƒ°pth≠n hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd°p∂p' F∂-Xn-s\-°pdn®v tI{μ Sqdnkw hIp∏ns‚bpw k¿°m- c ns‚bpw CXc GP≥knI-fp-sSbpw kl-I-c-WtØmsS \S-∂p-h-cp∂ GI- ] - £ o- b - a mb N¿®- I - f nepw BtLm- j - ß - f nepw R߃ kv { XoIƒ sXmgn¬ kwL- S - \ Iƒ°v hfsc DXvI-WvT-bp-≠v. kv{XoIsf {]tXy-In®pw ]m¿izh-XvI-cn-°-s∏´ hn`m-K-ß-fn-ep-≈hsc ]oUn-∏n-°m≥ km≤y-X-bp≈ H∂mWv Sqdnkw F∂n- c nt° bpssW- ‰ Uv t\j≥kv Sqdnkw Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥kv t]mse-bp≈ A¥m-cmjv{S GP≥kn-Iƒ Cu Bi-bsØ hfsc kPo-h-am-bnØs∂ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. ssewKnI Nqj-W-ßsf XSbm≥ Sqdn- k - Ø n\v th≠n- b p≈ Xß-fpsS BtKmf [m¿Ωn-I-aq-eyßsf D]- t bm- K n°pw F∂p- d ∏v \¬Ip-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Sqdnkw hnIk\w Nne {]tXyI hn`m- K Øn¬s∏-Sp∂ kv{XoI-fpsS PohnXsØ hfsc kmc-amb coXn-bn¬ _m[n-°p-∂-Xm-bmWv CXn\v apºp≈- ]e A\p-`-h-ß-fpw. ]m¿iz-hXvI-cn-°-s∏´ hn`m-K-ß-fmb ap°ph¿, BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ, Zfn-X¿ F∂nh-cpsS CS-bn¬ CXv CXnepw tamiam-Wv. tIc-fØ - n¬ hnI-k\ - Ø - n\pw hf¿®-°p-ap≈ Hcp-]m-[n-bmbn SqdnksØ t{]m’m- l n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ kpÿn-c-a-√m-ØXpw Bkq-{Xn-X-a√m-Ø-Xp-amb Hcp Sqdnkw hnI-k\-Øns‚ {]iv\ß - ƒ apgp-h≥ A\p`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂Xv Chn-SsØ Zcn{Z-cmb BZn-hm-kn-I-fm-Wv. 2008

am¿®v

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®p- s Im- ≠ p- ≈ - X m- W v . ]cn-ÿnXn, h\w a{¥me-bß - ƒ kwbp-‡a - mbn Xøm- d m- ° n- b n- c n- ° p∂ Xoc-tZi amt\-Pvsa‚ v ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS cq]-tc-Jbn¬\n∂pw Xoc-tZ-iß - fnse Sqdnkw ]≤-XnIsf Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cn-°p∂Xv CXn\v G‰hpw \√ sXfn-hm-Wv. Sqdnkw ]≤- X n- I ƒ°m- b p≈ AXn¿Øn Xncn-°¬ a’y-sØm-gnem- f n- I - f psS km{º- Z m- b n- I - a mb IS¬, Xocw F∂o k¶-ev]-ßsf XI¿°p-∂-Xm-Wv. tlm´-ep-Ifpw Sqdnkw tem_n- I fpw IS¬Xo- c ߃ Itø-dp-tºmƒ ap°p-h-kv{XoIƒ°v \jvSs - ∏-Sp-∂Xv a’yw DW°m\pw he \∂m-°m\pw Ah-cpsS sNdp-Øp-\n¬∏n\v klm-b-I-amb ]e ÿe-ß-fp-am-Wv. hnt\mZ hyh-km-b-ß-fp-sSbpw Sqdn-k-Øn-s‚bpw hnI-k\w hgn t\cn-tS≠n hcp∂ G‰hpw henb `ojWn Xt±- i - h m- k n- I - f mb kv { XoIƒ°v t\sc- b p- ≠ m- I p∂ ssewKnI AXn-{I-a-ßfpw thiymhr-Øn-bp-am-Wv. Xoc-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ tlm´-ep-Ifpw dntkm¿´p-Ifpw apf®p-s]m-¥p-∂Xv skIvkv Sqdn-kØ - ns‚bpw FbvUvkn-s‚bpw hym]-\Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. kp\m-an-°ptijw 179 kwL- S - \ - I - f p- a mbn tN¿∂v "B£≥ Fbvkv' {]kn-≤oI-cn® Hcp dnt∏m¿´v ]d-bp-∂Xv C¥y-bnse Xoc-tZ-i-ß-fnse ]mhs∏´ IpSpw- _ - ß - f n¬ \n∂p≈ s]¨Ip-´n-Iƒ skIvkv Sqdn-k-Ønte°v X≈nhn-S-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv. CXv hfsc Kuc-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn Nn¥n-t°≠ Hcp hnj-b-am-Wv. Sqdnkw taJ-e-bn¬ \n∂p≈ h\nXm sXmgn¬ km[y-XI - ƒ A[nImc t{iWn-I-fpsS Xm-sg-Ø-´n¬ am{X-am-Wp-≈X - v. ASn-®p-hm-c¬, Nh-

tIc-f-Ønse {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp Sqdnkw tI{μ-amb tImh-fØv ]g°- ® - h Sw sNøp∂ kv { XoI- f n¬ A[n-Ihpw ap°ph kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-cm-Wv. Ch¿°v A[n-Imcn- I - f n¬\n∂pw tlm´- e p- I - f n¬ \n∂pw \nc-h[n ]oU-\-߃ klnt°-≠-Xmbn hcp-∂p-≠v. Cu ]mhßsf iey- a mbn IW- ° m°n [mcmfw I≈-t°-kp-I-fn¬ {]Xn-Ifm-°p-I-bm-Wn-h¿. Sqdnkw hnIk\w Xß-fpsS Pohn-Xhpw Poht\m- ] m- [ n- I fpw \jv S - s ∏- S pØn F∂mWv Cu hn`m-Kß - ƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv. sI´p- h - ≈ - ß fpw dntkm¿´pIfpw sh≈w aen- \ - a m°n Imb¬Øo-c-ß-fn-ep≈ ap°p-h-cpsSbpw I¿j-I-cp-sSbpw PohnXw \in-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Sqdn-Ãp-IfpsS Imb¬ Xoc-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ k©m-chpw t^mt´m FSp-°epw Cu {]tZ-iß - f - n-ep≈ kv{XoI-fpsS kzIm-cy-Xsb \in-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bnep-≈-Xm-Wv. kp\m-an°v tijw Xoc-{]-tZ-iß-fn-ep≈ kap-Zm-b-°m¿ {]I-S-ambn-Øs∂ Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-Øn-s\Xnsc Xncn-™p. k¿°m¿ Chn-sSsb√mw c≠v \ne-]m-SmWv kzoI-cn®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xoc-{]-tZ-ihpambn _‘-s∏´v cq]w \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ F√m ]pXnb \b-ßfpw hyh-kmb-ß-fpsS XmXv]-cy-߃ kwc-£n○

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31

dp-hm-c¬, Ae°v XpS-ßnb hrØnbm- ° ¬ tPmen- I ƒ am{X- a mWv kv{XoIƒ°v th≠n ChnsS Ct∏mgp-≈-Xv. thƒUv Sqdnkw Hm¿K-ss\tk-j\pw k¿°mcpw Cu DZm-l-cW-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw Ah¿ AhIm- i - s ∏- S p- ∂ - s Xm∂pw Xs∂ Sqdnkw \¬Ip-∂n√ F∂v a\- nemt°≠-Xm-Wv. hnhn[ \b-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw hnIk\ ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Sqdnkw hnI-k\w [mcmfw sXmgn-e-h-k-cß-fpw, kv{XoI-fpsS D∂-a-\hpw e£yw- s h- b v ° p- ∂ p- s h∂v Dd∏v \¬Ip-∂-h¿ IqSp-X¬ Bg-ta-dnb ]T-\-Øn\pw N¿®bv°pw Xøm-dmtI-≠-Xm-Wv. kmº-ØnI t\´w ap∂n¬°≠v AXns‚ apJy Aa-c°m-c≥ Sqdn-ksØ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂-Xn\v ap≥]v Chn-sS-bp≈ kmaqlnI _‘-ß-fn-epw, enwK-hy-Xnbm\ k¶¬∏-ßf - n-epw, A[n-Imc _‘-ßf - nepw Sqdnkw kzm[o-\n-°m\p≈ km[y- X - s b- ∏ ‰n hni- Z - a msbmcp ]T\w \S-Øp-∂Xv \∂m-bncn-°pw. Xnc-s™-SpØ hn`m-Kß - sf klm-bn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw {]m¥-h●

\ne-]mSv

cn-°p∂ BtLmj ]≤-Xn-Isf R߃ i‡-ambn FXn¿°p-∂p. Xoc-{]-tZ-i-߃ ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p∂Xv \n¿Ø-W-sa∂v tI{μ-˛-kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-I-tfmSv R߃ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. skIvkv Sqdn-ksØ i‡-ambn FXn¿°p- ∂ - t Xm- s Sm∏w AXv \n¿Ø- e m- ° m- \ p≈ \nS- ] - S n- I ƒ kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂pw R߃ Bhiy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Sqdnkw hnI-k\w Chn-SpsØ ]c- º - c m- K X kap- Z m- b - ß sf kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambn _m[n-°p-∂Xns\sb∂v F{Xbpw thKw Xncn®-dn-b-W-sa∂v R߃ Bh-iy-s∏Sp-∂p. Sqdnkw hnI-k\w aqew `qan \jv S - s ∏- ´ - h sc F{Xbpw thKw ]p\-c[ - n-hk - n-∏n-°W - s - a∂v R߃ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Sqdnkw aqew ]cn- ] m- S n- b n¬ \nt£-]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ amen-\y߃ \o°w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂pw R߃ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Xv I - c n- ° - s ∏´ as‰mcp hn`m- K Øn\pth≠n H∂pw sNøp-∂n√ F∂-Xn-te-°mWv hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv. temI-Sq-dnkw Zn\-Ønse Cu Bi-bsØ sFIy-cmjv{S kwLS-\-bpsS kl-{km_vZ hnI-k\ e£y-ß- (Millenium Development Goals) fp- a mbn tN¿Øv Zcn{Z \n¿Ωm¿÷-\Ø - n\v th≠n Sqdnkw hnI- k - \ - Ø ns\ D]- t bm- K n- ° m\p≈ Ah- k - c - a m- W v UNWTO bv°pw hyh-kmb tem_n-Iƒ°pw h∂v tN¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ CXns‚ N¿®-Iƒ GI-]-£n-bhpw h\nX kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw ]ucmh- I mi kwL- S - \ - I - f p- s Sbpw FXn¿∏v hI- h - b v°m- Ø - X pambncp∂p. X߃ Hcp {]tXyI hn`m- K - Ø n\v th≠n am{X- a p≈ kwL-S-\-b-s√∂pw F√m P\-hn-`mK-ß-fp-sSbpw XmXv]-cy-߃ kwc£n- ° m≥ Npa- X - e - s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p∂ sFIy-cmjv{S kwL-S-\-bpsS Hcp GP≥kn- b m- s W∂pw UNWTO Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. 2007 sk]vXw-_¿ 27-˛mw XnøXn Sqdnkw Zn\-Øn¬ cq]w \¬In-bn-

Sqdn-kt- Øm-Sp≈ hna¿i-\ß - t- fmSv Hcp Sqdnkw hyh-km-bn-bpsS {]Xn-Ic - Ww

Sqdnkw am^nb {]h¿Ø-\-a√ sI.-F. kaZv tIc-f-Øns‚ kmº-Øn-I-hpw, kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb hnI-k-\-Øn\v DNnX-amb coXn-bn¬ \ΩpsS `qan-imkv{X LS-I-߃ IW°n-se-SpØv \S-Øm-hp∂ GI hnIk\ ]≤- X n- b mWv Sqdn- k w. hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ß-fp-ambn CS-]-g-Im-\p≈ a\p-jys‚ B{K-l-Øn\v \q‰m-≠p-IfpsS ]g-°-ap-≠v. ]e kwkvIm-c-ß-fpambn Cu hn[w CS- ] - g - I n- b p- ≠ m- b XmWv \mw C∂p ImWp∂ kmwkvImcnI A¥-co-£w. hntZi Sqdn-Ãp-I-fpsS hchv tIc-fØ - n¬ Sqdn-kh - p-ambn _‘s∏´v \n¬°p∂ {]mtZ-inI P\-hn-`m-Kß-fn¬ \nc-h[n kmaq-lnI am‰-߃ D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Sqdnkw hyh-kmbw {]iv\-߃ krjvSn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Sqdnkw A\p-_‘ taJ-e-I-sf√mw dntkm¿´v am^n-b-Iƒ ssIb-S-°n-s°m≠n- c n- ° p- I - b m- s W∂pw ]d- b p- ∂ Xv ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-b-√. hkvXp-X-Iƒ hy‡-ambn At\z-jn-°m-sX-bmWv ]et∏mgpw Nne¿ A`n-{]m-b-߃ ]d-bp-∂Xv. tIc-f-Øns‚ as‰√m hnI-k-\ -{]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ°pw Bh- i y- a mb 32

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tS-Xpƒs∏-Sp∂ t]mXta-´nse dntkm¿´pI-fn-se-Øp∂ Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ km[-\-߃ hmßp-∂-Xn\pw a‰p-ambn {]mtZ-in-I-ambn ]Ww hn\n-tbmKw sNøp-∂X - n-\m¬ t]cpta- ´ p- I m- c psS kmº- Ø nI \ne- h mcw Db¿∂n-´p-≠v. dntkm¿´p-Iƒ°v ]pdØpw Nne hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ R߃ sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Sqdnkw A\p-_-‘-ambn ]e Xt±-io-b¿°pw sXmgn¬ e`n-®-XpsIm≠pw Sqdn-Ãp-I-fpsS \nc-¥-c-amb km∂n-≤yw-sIm≠pw {]tZ-iØv kmaq-lnI- a mb D∂- a \w D≠m- b n- ´ p- ≠ v. Nmcmbwhm‰pt]mse- b p≈ Akm∑m¿§nI {]h¿Ø-\-߃°v Imcy-amb Ipdhv h∂n-´p-≠v. Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v kpK-aamb A¥-co£w {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\mbn ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb kwc-£n-°p∂ ]e ]cn-ÿnXn kulrZ {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw R߃ t]mXta-´n¬ sNbvXn-´p-≠v. CØc- Ø n¬ DØ- c - h m- Z n- Ø - a p≈ Sqdnkw {]h¿Ø-\-߃ ]ecpw tIc-f-Øn¬ \SØp-∂p-≠v. F√m-hs - cbpw Htc kzc-Øn¬ dntkm¿´v am^nb F∂pw `qan Itø-‰-°msc∂pw Sqdnkw tem_n-I-sf∂pw hnfn-®mt£-]n-°cp-Xv.

]WØns‚ \s√m-cp ]¶v Sqdnkw taJebv°v Ct∏mƒ \¬Im≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≠v. CXn\v ]e dntkm¿´p-Ifpw {]iw-k-\ob-amb ]n¥pW \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. DØ-c-hm-ZnØ Sqdnkw ]d-bp-∂-Xpt]mse {]mtZ-inI kaq-l-Øns‚ kmºØn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-Ih - pamb D∂-a\w e£yw h®mWv \mfp-I-tfsd-bmbn R߃ {]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv. Rß-fpsS dntkm¿´v ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ aq∂m-dnse t]mX-ta-´n¬ ASp-Ø-Im-eØmbn D≠mb Cu kmº-Øn-I, kmaqln-I, ]mcn-ÿn-XnI D∂-Xn-Iƒ H‰-t\m-´Øn¬ B¿°pw a\- n-em-°mw. Rß-fp○

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2008

am¿®v

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dnt∏m¿´v

tIc-f-Ønse Imb-ep-Iƒ sI´p-h≈ `oj-Wn-bn¬ tIc-fobw hm¿Øm-irw-Je

Pe-Øm¬ kar-≤a- mWv Z£ntW-jy-bpsS ]Sn-™m-d≥ XocsØ {]i-kvX-amb Ip´-\m-´nse Dƒ\mS≥ Imb¬ {]tZ-i-߃. sXßn≥ tXm∏p-Iƒ°n-Sb - n-eqsSsbmgp-Ip∂ Imb-ep-I-fpw, ]pg-Ifpw s\¬h-bep-If - p-am¬ Np‰-s∏´ Be-∏pg tZi˛-tZ-im-¥c t`Z-an-√msX \n›-bambpw Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ kμ¿in-t°≠ Hcp {]tZ-ia - m-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-Ib - mWv. ]pg-º≈Øv Ifn-°p∂ Ip´nIfpw ao≥]nSn-°p-Ibpw I° hmcnIbpw sNøp∂ ]pcp- j - ∑ mcpw XpWn-be - ° - p∂ kv{XoIfpw ChnsS ]Xnhp ImgvN-bm-Wv. Zriy-`w-KnsIm≠v Ip´-\mSv Hcp Pe-kz¿§-sØØp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ henb A\p-`-hß-fmWv Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ°v \¬Ip-∂X - v. Pe-k-ar≤sa¶nepw ip≤-Pe Zu¿e`ywsIm≠v s]mdp-Xn-ap-´p∂ Cu {]tZ-isØ Sqdnkw IqSp-X¬ IjvS-X-I-fn-te°v X≈n-hn-Sp-I-bmWv. ""\mfp-Iƒ°v apºv Imb-ense sh≈w hfsc ip≤- a m- b n- c p- ∂ p. R߃ IpSn-°m\pw Ipfn-°m\pw sh≈w Imb-en¬ \n∂m-sW-Sp-Øncp-∂-Xv. ]s£ Ct∏mƒ Sqdn-Ãp-Isfbpw sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ sI´p-h≈-߃ ImcWw Imb¬ aen-\-ambn-cn-°p-∂p.'' Be-∏pg Pn√-bnse ssI\-I-cn-bnse ho´-Ω-bmb en√n°p´n ]d-bp-∂p. C∂v en√n-°p´n

2008

am¿®v

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h≈-Øn¬ Gsd-Zqcw t]mbn ]Ww sImSpØmWv IpSn-sh≈w tiJ-cn°p-∂-Xv. \ntXym-]-tbm-K-Øn-\p≈ sh≈w tiJ-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Whpw ka-bhpw A[n-I-ambn Is≠-tØ≠n- h - c p- ∂ Xv Ip´- \ m- S ≥ Imb¬ {]tZ-iØv en√n-°p-´n-bpsS H‰-s∏´ A\p-`h - a - √ - . Imb-en¬ kzX-{¥-ambn Ipfn°p-∂-Xn\v Sqdnkw `wKw hcp-Øp∂-Xmbn hen-b-Icn {]tZ-isØ X¶-aWn ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""ap≥Ime-ß-fn¬ R߃ I\m-ens‚ CcpI-c-I-fnepw Ipfn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn D]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. ]s£ sI´p-h-≈Øn¬ t]mIp∂ Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ RßfpsS A\p-aX - n-bn-√msX Ipfn-°p-∂Xns‚ t^mt´m-sb-Sp-°m≥ XpS-ßnb-tXmsS kv{XoIƒs°√mw kzImcyX \jvS-s∏-´p. Ct∏mƒ cm{XnIfnemWv R߃ Ipfn-°p-∂-Xv.'' X¶- a - W n°v Ipfn- ° m≥ I\m¬ sh≈-a√ - msX a‰v am¿§-ßf - n-√. Ip´\m-S≥ taJ-e-bnse F¨]Xv iXam\w P\-ßfpw Xß-fpsS \ntXym]-tbm-K-Øn-\mbn I\m¬ sh≈amWp]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX∂pw Cu sh≈w tcmKmWp-°fpw IoS-\m-in\n-Ifpw s]t{Sm-fnbw amen-\y-ßfpw Ie¿∂v Btcm-Ky-Øn\v lm\n-I-c-

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amb \ne-bn-em-Wp-≈-sX∂pw Pehn- ` h hnI- k \ amt\- P v s a‚ v tI{μw ( CWRDM, tIm- g n- t °m- S v ) \nK-a-\-Øn-se-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Ip´-\m-´n¬ ip≤-amb sh≈w IpSn-°m≥ In´mØ P\-ß-fpsS Afhv 1990- ˛ ¬ D≈- X n- t \- ° mƒ ]Ip- X n- b mbn 2015 BIp- t ºmtgbv°pw Ipd-bv°m-sa∂v temI-t\Xm-°ƒ Dd∏v \¬In-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. F∂n´pw 2000-˛¬ bpssW-‰Uv t\j≥kv Zcn- { Z- \ n¿Ωm¿÷\w e£y-am°n Xøm-dm-°nb ans√\nbw Uh- e - ] v s a‚ v tKmƒUv (MDG) Ip´-\m-´n-sem∂pw ^e-{]m]vXn-bn-se-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xmbn C{X\mfpw ImWm≥ Ign- ™ n- ´ n- √ . Zmcn{Z \n¿Ωm¿÷-\Ø - n\v kpÿnc Sqdnkw hgn sXfn-°p-sa∂v thƒUv Sqdnkw Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥ \n¿ΔN-\ß - f - n¬ ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw bp.F-∂ns‚ e£ysØ km[q-I-cn°m≥ Sqdnkw klm-b-I-am-bn-´n-√. Ip´-\m-´nse sh≈-Øns‚ ÿnXn t\m°p- I - b m- s W- ¶ n¬ Sqdnkw {]mtZ- i nI hn`h- h n- I - k - \ sØ klm-bn-°p-∂X - n¬ ]cm-Pb - s - ∏-SpI am{X-a√ P\-߃°v tZmj-I-c-amb coXn-bn-ep≈ aen-\o-Ic - Ww \S-Øp∂-Xn¬ apJy-]¶v hln-®p-sIm≠v

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33

kpÿn-c-X-bn¬ \n∂pw Gsd hgnam-dn-bmWv \S-°p-∂-Xv. C¥y-bn-se-Øp∂ hnt\m-Z-k©m-cn-I-fpsS ]Øv iX-am-\sØ sIm®p tIc-fØ - n-se-Øn-®p-sIm≠v Cu {]tZ-iØ - ns‚ {][m\ BI¿jWo-b-X-bmbn \n¬°p-∂Xv sI´p-h≈-ß-fm-Wv. tIc-f-Øn-se-Øp∂ cmPym-¥c Sqdn-Ãp-I-fpsS FÆw 2003-˛04 h¿j-Øn¬ 24 iX-am-\ambn h¿≤n- ® n- c p- ∂ p, IqSmsX hf¿∂p hcp∂ C¥y≥ kº∂ a[y-h¿§hpw tIc-fs - Ø-bmWv XßfpsS Hgn-hp-Ime hn{i-a-tI-{μ-am°m≥ C∂v {][m-\a - mbpw ]cn-KW - n°p-∂-Xv. Sqdn-k-hp-ambn {]mtZ-inI I®-h-S-߃ h¿-≤n-®p-h-cp∂ Cu km≤y-X-Iƒ ap≥Iq´n I≠v \oßp∂- X n¬ A¤p- X - s ∏- t S- ≠ - X n- √ . sI´p-h-≈-ß-fpsS FÆw CXn-\-\pk-cn®v IqSn-b-tXmsS Imb¬ aen\-am-Ip-∂-Xns‚ Afhpw h¿≤n-®p. B-e∏ - pg {]tZ-iØv am{X-ambn GItZkw 400-˛¬ A[nIw sI´p-h-≈ß-fp-≈-Xm-bmWv IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp∂-Xv. h≈-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-¥≈p∂ C‘-\-am-en-\y-ß-fpw, aeaq{X hnk¿÷y-ß-fpw, ASp-°-fbn¬ \n∂p≈ `£-Wm-h-in-jvSßfpw t\cn´v Imb-en-te-°m-sWØp-∂-Xv. ""sI´p-h-≈-߃ henb `oj-Wn-bm-Wp-b¿Øp-∂X - .v '' a\pjy hnk¿Py-ß-fpw, K¿`-\n-tcm-[\ DdIfpw a‰pw Imb-en-te-°mWv sI´ph-≈ß - ƒ Dt]-£n-°p-∂X - v. Imb¬ ]c∏v \ndsb πmÃnIv k©n-Ifpw Ip∏n-I-fp-am-Wv.'' ssI\-Icn {Kma-]©m-bØv {]kn-U‚ v B¿. hnimJ≥ ]d-bp-∂p. t_m´pb{¥- ß - f mWv Imb¬ aen-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ apJy-]¶v hln-°p-∂-sX∂v ]ºm-\-Zn-bnse ]cn-N-b-k-º-∂-\mb IS-Øp-h-≈°m-c≥ ]hn-{X≥ ]d-bp-∂p. ]pgbv°° - s - c-bn-°sc P\-ßs - f-sb-Øn°p∂ Ct±-l-Øns‚ IS-Øp-h-≈Øns‚ k©m-c-Øn\v sI´p-h-≈ßfpw SqdnÃv t_m´p-Ifpw ]et∏mgpw XS- -am-Ip∂p≠v. s]t{Smfnbw amen-\y-ß-fpsS Hcp ]mfn thº-\mSv Imb-ens‚ F√m `mKß-fn-te°pw ]S¿s∂-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. sI´p-h≈ßtf-sdbpw \¶p-ca - n-Sp∂ 34

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]p∂-a-S-bnepw Ipa-c-IØpw Cu ]mfn-bpsS ISp∏w A]-I-S-I-c-amwhn[w IqSp-X-em-Wv. sI´p-h-≈-ßfpsS b{¥-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw {]h-ln°p∂ s]t{Sm-fnbw amen-\y-߃ Ptem-]c - n-Xe - Ø - n¬ Hgp-In-\S- ∂v ISen-t\m-S-SpØv Imb-¬ {]tZ-i-Ønsebpw \Zn-I-fn-sebpw XSm-I-Ønsebpw Bhm-k-hy-h-ÿ-bn-sebpw hf¿∂p- h - c p∂ a’y- k - º Øv tcmKm-Xp-c-ambns°m≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. a’yw izkn-°p∂ sNIn-f-Ifn¬ C‘\w Ie¿∂ sh≈w Ibdn kpK-a-ambn izkn-°p-∂-Xn\v XS w krjvSn-°p-∂p-≠v. ""s]t{Sm-fnbw amen-\y-ß-fn-√mØn-S-tØ°pw AXns‚ ]mfn°v I\w-Ip-d™ `mK-tØ°pw a’y߃ AXn-Po-h-\-Øn-\mbn hgn-Xncn™v t]mIp∂ {]h-WX ImWn°p- ∂ p- ≠ v . Cu kml- N - c y- ß ƒ F{Xbpw thKw ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v hnt[-ba - m-°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ a’y-ßfpw Pe-ssPh sshhn-[y-ßfpw hfsc sshImsX \ap°v \jvS-am-Ipw.'' Ipa-cIw doPn-b-W¬ A{Kn-°ƒ®d¬ dnk¿®v tÃj-\nse tUm. sI.Pn. ]fl-Ip-am¿ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. CXv Cu {]tZ-isØ ]£n-I-fpsS sshhn-[y-Øn\pw kº-∂-Xbv°pw sR´-ep-f-hm°pwhn[w Ipd-bp-∂Xn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-sa∂v ]£n-imkv{X-⁄-∑m¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ip´-\m-S≥ Imb¬ {]tZ-i-ßfnse Bfp-I-fpsS Pohn-X-N-cy-Iƒ sh≈-hp-ambn hf-sc-b-[nIw _‘s∏-´-Xm-Wv. ChnsS P\-߃ \nXyhr- Ø n- ° mbn B{i- b n- ° p∂ Irjnbpw a’y-_-‘-\hpw sh≈Øns‚ \ne-hm-c-hp-ambn t\cn´v _‘-s∏-´X - m-W.v a’y-_‘ - \ - sØ B{i-bn®v Pohn-°p∂ ]Xn-\m-bn-c°-W° - n\v Ip´-\m-´p-Im¿ F{X-\mƒ B sXmgn¬ XpS-cm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂-Xn¬ Bi-¶-s∏-Sp-∂p. Imb-en¬ asÆ-Æ-bpsS Afhv IqSn-b-tXmsS a’y-Øn\pw I°mbv°pw cpNn \jvS-s∏´v Ign-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xmbn- a m- d n. asÆ- Æ - N ph ImcWw `£Ww Ign- ° m\pw a’yw hn¬°m\pw Ign-bmØ Ah-ÿ-bnemWv Xß-sf∂v \m´p-Im¿ ]d-bp∂p. a’y-_-‘-\-Øn-\p-≠m-Ip∂ ○

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Ipd-hnepw \m´p-Im¿ Bi-¶m-Ip-ecm-Wv. ""_m¶n¬ \n∂pw hmbv]-sbSp- Ø mWv R߃ ao≥h- e bpw h≈hpw hmßn-b-Xv. ]s£ {]Xo£- b v s °mØ ao≥ In´m- Ø - X psIm≠v ]Ww Xncn-®-S-bv°m≥ IgnbmØ ÿnXn-bn-emWv R߃. cm{Xn-Im-eØv Imb-tem-cØv \¶pc-an-Sp∂ sI´p-h-≈-߃ ]eXpw Rß-fpsS ao≥h-e-Iƒ \in-∏n-°p∂p-≠v.'' a’y-_-‘-\-sØm-gn-em-fnbmb kn_n-®≥ ]d-bp-∂p. ao≥he- I ƒ°v \mi- a p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ - X ns‚ t]cn¬ a’y-_-‘\w \S-Øp-∂hcpw sI´p-h-≈-tam-Sn-°p-∂-hcpw XΩn¬ ChnsS X¿°w ]Xn-hm-Wv. sI´p-h-≈-ß-fpsS AXn-{]-kcw Be-∏p-gbv°v c≠v Intem-ao-‰¿ AI- s e- b p≈ hen- b - I cn {]tZisØ Irjn-tbbpw {]Xn-Iq-ea - mbn _m[n-®-Xmbn s\¬I¿jI Iq´mbvab - n-eqsS {]kn-U‚ v a[p-kq-[\ - ≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""sh≈-Øn¬ asÆ- Æ bpw Hmbnepw Ie¿∂v s\¬Irjn tami-am-Ip∂ ÿnXn XpS-cp-Ib - m-Wv. IpSn-sh-≈sØhsc _m[n- ° p∂ Cu {]iv \ - Ø n¬ k¿°m¿ ASn-b-¥nc \]-S-In-sfSpØv \nb-{¥-W-߃ sIm≠p-htc≠ ÿnXn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' sI´p-h-≈-ßsf Dƒs°m-≈mhp∂ sh≈-Øns‚ ]cn[n IW-°nse-SpØv sI´p-h≈ - ß - f - psS A\-[nIr-X-amb h¿≤-\hv \nb-{¥n®v PesØbpw P\- P o- h n- X - s Øbpw k¿°m¿ kwc-£n-°p-sa∂ {]Xo£-bn-emWv ssI\-Icn {Kma-]-©mbØv {]kn-U‚ v hnim-J≥. ""Xt±-ihm-kn-Iƒ°v Sqdn-kw-sIm≠v sa®-sam∂p-ap-≠m-In-s√-∂mWv At±-lØ - ns‚ IW-°p-Iq-´¬. hntZi hn\n-ab - Ø - ns‚-bpw, Sqdnkw hgn sXmgn¬ e`n-®h-cp-sS-bpw, Kh¨sa‚ v k_vkn-UnI-fp-sSbpw ÿnXn-hn-hc IW-°p-Iƒ R߃ ]cn-tim-[n-®X - m-W.v Sqdnkw em`-a√ - m-ØXpw P\-߃°v D]-Im-c{]-Za- √ - m-ØX - p-am-sW-∂mWv ImWm≥ Ign-™X - .v ''

Adn- b n∏v hcn- k wJy ]pXp°n (240 cq]) F√m hmb-\° - mcpw tIcfo-bt- ØmSv kl-Ic - n-°W - s - a∂v At]-£. ○

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2008

am¿®v

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dnt∏m¿´v

tXmSp-I-fn-eqsS Xpg-bp-tºmƒ ]n.F≥. thWp-tKm-]m¬ ]cn-`mj : ]n.-F≥.-tKm-]o-Ir-jvW≥ ""sXtßm-eI - f - psS \ng¬Nn{X-ßfpw, HmcsØ ssZ\w-Zn-\P - o-hnX-Øns‚ Xnf-°hpw, IÆm-Sn-t]m-sebp≈ \n›-eX - S- m-Iß - fpw, hc-®p-sh® Nn{X-ß-sf-t∏mep≈ XSm-I-Xo-cßfpw, aW¬\n-d™ \o≠ kap-{ZXo-cß - fpw A\p-{K-ln® Be-∏p-gsb, "Ing-°ns‚ sh\okn"s\, "ssZhØns‚ kz¥w \m´n"se Imb¬ Sqdnk-Øns‚ e£y-ÿm-\-am-°n-bn-cn°p∂p. Ipeo-\a- mb lukv t_m´n¬ Ib-dn-bp≈ khmcn tIc-fØ - ns‚ ÿe- k u- I p- a m- c y- Ø ns‚ DØ-a\ - n-Z¿i-\a- mb sXßn≥ tXm∏p-If - psS A]q¿Δ-amb ImgvN {]Zm\w sNøp∂p.'' \nß-fpsS C¥y≥ k©m-cØn¬ tIc-fsØ Dƒs∏-SpØpIbm-sW-¶n¬, Be-∏p-gsb-°p-dn®v At\z-jn-®m¬ ta¬ kqNn-∏n-®tXm, AXpt]m-ep-≈tXm Bb hmN-Iß-fn-eqsS \n߃°v IS-∂pt]m-tI-≠n-hcpw. Be-∏p-gs - b-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-sfm∂pw-Xs∂ DuXn-ho¿∏n-®X√. Im‰n-em-Sp∂ sXtßm-e-Iƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw lrZ-b-lm-cn-bmWv. Np‰pw ImWp∂ ]®-Iƒ IÆn\v Ipfn¿Ω Xcp-∂X - mWv. \nem-hns‚ XWp-∏n¬ teme-am-bn-f-Ip∂ Pe∏c∏v Xo¿®- b mbpw \nß- f psS Bflm- h n¬ im¥n \ndbv ° pw. AX√, AXn-cm-hnse \nß-fpsS lukv t _m´v tXmSp- I - f n- e qsS \oßp∂sX¶n¬ Hmc-ßf - n¬ sNdnb sNdnb IpSn- e p- I fpw hoSp- I fpw ]p≈nbn´ hoSp- I ƒ Zqsc- \ nt∂ \n߃°p ImWmw. Hcn-SØv ap´‰w sh≈-Øn¬ Cd-ßn-\n∂v Hcp bphXn hkv { X- ß ƒ Ae- ° p∂p. c≠p Ip™p- ß ƒ B bph- X n- b p- t SXmImw, sh≈-Øn¬ apßn-s∏mßp∂p. Xmtgbv°v \n߃ IqSp-X¬ Xpg-bp-tºmƒ, CXm hnhm-l{- ]m-bs - aØnb Hcp Iq´w s]¨In-Sm-߃ IS2008

am¿®v

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°n-jSv a - m-bn-cp∂p. sh≈-°m-sc-°mWm≥ F\n°pw Hcp Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠mbn-cp∂p.'' Pm\In kΩ-Xn-°p∂p. ""]s£, Ct∏m-fX - √. lukv t_m´pI-fpsS Hcp PmY-bmWv F∂pw CXneqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv."" icn-bmWv. kmbn-∏∑ - m-tcbpw aZmΩ-am-tcbpw h®v Znh-khpw Adp-\qdn¬∏cw lukvt_m-´p-Iƒ Be-∏pg-bpsS Imb-en-eq-sSbpw I\m-ep-If - neq-sSbpw k©-cn-°p∂p. Ab¬hmkn-Ifpw tImtf-PvIp-am-cn-bp-amb sÃ√, Pm\-In-bpsS hm°pIsf icn-hb - v°p∂p. ""CXv Rß-fpsS kzIm-cy-Xb - n-tebv°p≈ IS-∂p-I-b-‰-amWv. R߃°v hf- s c- ° p- d ®v `qkz-tØ-bp≈q. am{X-a√ Rß-fpsS hoSns‚ ap∂n¬ \n¿`m-Ky-hi - m¬ Imb-en-em-bnt∏mbn.'' Imb-ens‚ XocØv hoSv Bbn-t∏mbn F∂-XpsIm-≠p-am{Xw \nc-¥c - a - mbn ]n¥p-Sc - p∂ Hcp SqdnÃv t\m´Øns‚ D≈n¬ ssZ\w-Zn\ IrXy-߃ \n¿Δ-ln-t°-≠nh∂ thZ-\bpw tcmjhpw sÃ√-bn¬ {]Xn-^e - n®p. Be-∏p-gb - nse P\-Po-hn-XsØ _m[n-°p∂ H∂mbn Cu "SqdnÃv kvt^mS\"sØ IW-°n-se-Sp-t°-≠Xp≠v. hntZi Sqdn-Ãp-Iƒ bYm-hn[n hkv { X- [ m- c Ww sNøp- ∂ ns√∂ Btcm-]W - hpw Ah¿ Db¿Øp∂p. _me-N{- μ≥ F∂ SqdnÃv Hm∏-td-‰¿ ]d-bp∂p. ""hntZi Sqdn-Ãp-If - n¬ Nne¿ Aev]h - k - {v X-[m-cn-If - mWv F∂Xp icnXs∂. icn- b mWv . Ah¿ kqcykv\m\w \S-Øp-I-bmWv. ]s£, AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂, \m´p-Im-cpsS kmwkvImcntIm-∑p-JX - I - fpw am\n-°s∏-tS-≠X - p≠v''. \nc-h[n \m´p-Im¿ CXn-t\mSv A\p-Iq-en-°p∂p. '' Ah¿ GsX-¶nepw hkv{X-[m-cW coXn I¿°-ia- mbn ]n¥p-Sc - W - s - a∂v Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂n√. ]s£, Hcp sNdnb tXmSn-eqsS Xpg-bp-tºmƒ, Ah¿

hp- I - f n¬ Ipfn- b v ° p∂p. F√mw \n߃°v A]q¿Δ-amb ImgvNI - ƒ. F√m ImgvNI - fpw hyXy-kX v s - Im≠v \nß-fpsS Iyma-db - n¬ \nd-bm≥ ]mIØn-ep-≈h. ]t£, tXmSn\pw s\¬∏m-SØ - n\p-an-S-bv°p≈ hoXn-Ip-d™ hcºn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ Pm\In ]d-bp∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv. ""Rm≥ ]m{Xw Igp-Ip-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. s]s´∂v Hcp shfn®w Fs‚ apJ-ØS- n®p. t\m°ptºm-gmWv Hcp Iymad Fs‚ t\¿°v

Xncn-bp∂p. ]n∂n¬ ]p©n-cn-°p∂ Hcp apJhpw hoip∂ ssIIfpw. ]s£ B {]hrØn F\n-°n-jSv s - ∏´n√''. CXp-Xs∂ Ipfn-°p-tºmgpw kw`-hn®p F∂mWv Pm\In ]d-bm≥ Xp\n-bp-∂Xv. Ign™ ]Øp-h¿jambn Xs‚ `¿Øm-hn\pw c≠pw Ip™p-߃°p-sam∏w Ahn-sS-Øma-kn-°p∂ Hcp I¿j-Is - Øm-gn-emfn kv{XobmWv Pm\In. ""Fs∂ I√ymWw Ign® ImeØv, I\m-en¬ hf-sc-°p-d®v t_m´p- I tf D≠m- b n- c p- ∂ p≈q. AXpw s\lvdp t{Sm^n h≈w-IfnbpsS ka- b Øv am{Xw. lukv t_m´p-Iƒ A∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. "kmbn-∏∑ - m¿' apI-fn-en-cn-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ Nne {]tXyI h©n-Iƒ h√-t∏mgpw t]mIp-am-bn-cp∂p. A°m-eØv Ah¿ Xs‚ t^mt´m FSp-°p-∂Xv F\n○

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35

AXn-\m¬ A-h¿ AXn-\p-hn-kΩ - X - n®m¬ Rm≥ I\m- e n- e q- s S- b p≈ k©mcw Hgn-hm-°p∂p. ]s£, Imbens‚ \Sp-°n-te-°p-t]mbn AhnsS \¶q-ca - nSpw.'' AXp-hgn \m´p-Im-cpsS sshIm-cn-IX - sb apdn-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn°m≥ _p≤n-bp≈ B ss{Uh¿ ap≥I-cp-X¬ FSp-°p∂p. AsX. kμ¿i-Ic - psS `mK-Øp\n∂pw Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ CXv "A`nam-\° - q-SpX"ens‚ hnjbw Xs∂.

R߃ CjvSs - ∏-Sp-∂n√''. ]s£, Akm-[m-cW - a - mb ImgvNI - ƒ ImWptºmƒ, H∂p-IqSn FØn-®p-t\m-°pI F∂Xv km[m- c - W - a m- s W∂pw At±lw Iq´n-t®¿°p∂p. cmPp, Hcp lukv t_m´v ss{Uh¿, Cu kμ¿`sØ as‰mcp coXn-bn¬ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂p. '' hkv{Xw Bh-iy-Øn\v hen-®n-Sm≥ Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-∂X - n\v F\n-s°mcp aSn-bp-an√. Ah¿ hcp∂p. t]mIp∂p. F\n-°nhnsS Gsd-°mew Pohn-t°-≠X - mWv.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv \nc-h[ - n-bm-fp-If - psS ap‰-Øp-Iq-Sn-bmWv. BI-ka v n-Ia - mbn Ah-cpsS hoSns‚ ap≥`mKw tXmSm-bn-amdn F∂p-am{Xw. tKmhbpw tImh-fhpw t]mep≈ CS-ambn Be-∏p-gbpw amdn-s°m-≠ncn-°p∂p F∂ Bi¶ s]mXpth ]¶p-sh-b° v s - ∏-Sp∂p. ""R߃ A`nam\nI-fmbn `mhn-°p-∂-X√'' Hcp kvIqƒ amjmb tKm]n-\m-Y≥ ]dbp∂p. ""]s£, Xpdn-®p-t\m-°-s∏Sp∂ Hcp Imgv N - b mbn amdm≥

IzÃv, kn.-sI. sebn≥, Fkv.-B¿.-Fw. tdmUv, sIm®n-˛18

i_-cn-ae - b - nepw Kpcp-hm-bq-cnepw Xo¿∞m-SI Sqdnkw krjvSn-°p∂ {]iv\ß - ƒ ]Wm-[n-]X - yhpw cmjv{Sob hnt[-b-Xzhpw sIm≠v tIcf kaq-lsØ H∂-S¶w _m[n-°p-∂-X-c-Ønte°v FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kmaq-lnI hn]-Øm-Ip∂ Xo¿∞m-S\ Sqdnkw tIc-fobw hm¿Øm-irw-Je tIc-f-Øn-se-ºmSpw Sqdnkw A\p-_‘ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ \nc-h[n {]iv\-߃ krjvSn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw XS-bm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w `c-Wm-[n-Imcn-I-fpsS ssIhn-´p-t]m-Ip∂ A]-I-SI-c-amb \nc-h[n am\-ß-fp≈ hn\mi {]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ krjv S n- ° p- ∂ - X n¬ {][m\w Xo¿∞m- S \ Sqdn- k - a m- W v . {]tXy- I n®v i_- c n- a - e bpw Kpcp- h mbqcpw tIc-f-Øn\v Xmßm-\m-ImØ coXn- b n¬ Xo¿∞m- S I {]hmlw sIm≠v ho¿∏p-ap-´p-I-bm-Wv. ae- b m- f n- I - t f- ° m- t fsd A\y- t ZiØv \n∂p≈ Xo¿∞m-S-I-cmWv Cu t£{X-ß-fnse {][m\ kμ¿i-I¿. i_-cn-a-e-bn¬ AXns‚ FÆw IW°p- I q- ´ m≥ Ign- b p- ∂ - X n- \ - ∏ p- d - a m- W v . tImSn- I ƒ Iøn¬ h∂v adn- b p- ∂ tXmsS Xo¿∞m-SI {]hmlw krjvSn°p∂ {]iv\-ß-sfm∂pw I≠n-s√∂p \Sn-°p-I-bmWv tZhkzw t_m¿Upw k¿°m- c pw. ssPh- { ]m- [ m- \ y- a p≈ AXoh {i≤- t bmsS ssIImcyw sNtø≠ i_-cn-ae taJ-e-bnse h\{]-tZ-i-sa√mw C∂v ]q¿Æ-ambpw \in®p. i_- c n- a - e - b n¬ Db¿∂p- h - c p∂ Su¨jn∏v {]Xy-£-ambpw ]tcm-£ambpw h\y-k-º-Øn\v \nc-h[n \miß-fp-≠m-°p-∂p. s]cn-bm¿ h\y-Pohn kt¶X- Ø ns‚ ]cn- [ n- b n¬ hcp∂ Cu {]tZiw P\-_m-lpeyw sIm≠v shfn{ºtZ-i-ambn amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pI- b m- W v. i_- c n- a e kok- W n¬ FØp∂ `‡- P - \ - ß ƒ ]º- b n¬ \n∂p≈ ]c-º-cm-KX hgn-tb-°mƒ Ct∏mƒ B{i-bn-°p-∂Xv Im\\]mXI- s f- b m- W v . ImSn- \ p- ≈ n- e qsS ]e ]pXnb k©m- c - h - g n- I fpw h¿jw36

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hm- b q¿ \K- c - Ø n- \ - S p- Ø p≈ N°wI≠w Imb-en-te-s°-Øp-∂p. Imb¬ aen-\-am-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v a’y-_-‘-\-hpw, Ib¿ hyh-km-b-hpambn _‘-s∏´v Pohn-®n-cp∂ \nc-h[n-bm-fp-Iƒ°v sXmgn¬ \jvS-ambn. Kpcp- h m- b q- c n- s e- Ø p∂ `‡- P - \ - ß fpsS ae-aq{X hnk¿÷y-߃ t]td≠n- h ∂ Cu {KmaoW P\- X - b psS {]iv\-߃°v ]cn-lm-c-ambn N°w-I≠Øv amen\y kwkv I - c W πm‚ v \n¿Ωn-°m-\mWv A[n-Ir-X¿ {iaw \SØp-∂-Xv. Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ tlm´-ep-I-fnepw temUvPp-Ifnepw sk]v‰n-Sm-¶p-Ifpw amen-\y-kwkvI-cW kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw \n¿_-‘am-°p-Ibpw \nbaw I¿i-\-ambn ]men°mØ tlm´-ep-I-fpsS ssek≥kv d±p-sN-øp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Kpcp-hm-bq¿ \K-c-k`m A[nIrX¿°v hfsc thKØn¬ ]cn-l-cn-°m-hp∂ {]iv\-amWv amen-\y-\n¿Ωm¿÷\ πm‚ v tImSnIƒ Nne-h-gn®v \n¿Ωn-®p-sIm≠v ]cnl-cn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. {]iv\w ]cnl-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v hnJm-X-ambn \n¬°p∂Xv \K- c - k ` `cn- ° p- ∂ - h - c psS cmjv{Sob Im]-Syhpw tlm´¬/amt\Pvsa‚ v tem_n-I-tfm-Sp≈ hnt[-b-Xzhp-am-Wv. i_-cn-a-e-bnepw Kpcp-hm-bq-cnepw Xo¿∞m-SI Sqdnkw hgn Hgp-In-sbØp∂ ]-WØns‚ B[n-Iyw-sIm≠v {]mtZ-inI P\-X-tbbpw tIcf kaql- s Øbpw H∂- S ¶w kmaq- l nI/ BtcmKy {]iv\-ß-fn-te°v X≈n-hnSp-I-bmWv A[n-Ir-X¿.

tXmdpw D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p--Ibm-Wv. AXn- t esd henb {]iv\w Xo¿∞m-S-I¿ krjvSn-°p∂ amen-\yß-fm-Wv. ]ºm-\Zn ip≤o-I-cn-°m-\mImØhn[w ]q¿Æambpw aen-\-am-bn°-gn-™p. CXp-Iq-SmsX i_-cn-a-e-bnte-°p≈ bm{Xbv°n-S-bn-se√mw Ch¿ \nt£-]n-°p∂ am-en-\y-߃ ImcWw tIc-f-P-\X H∂-S¶w {]iv\-ß-f-\p-`hn-°p-I-bm-Wv. i_-cn-a-e-bn-te-°p≈ Xo¿∞m-S-IcpsS kuI-cy-Øn-\mbn ^mÃv{Sm°v kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ k¿°m¿ \n¿Ωn-°ms\mcpßp∂ i_cn sdbn¬]mX Bi-¶-I-fpsS Fcn-Xo-bn-te°v FÆsbm-gn-®p-sIm-≠mWv IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ ÿnXn CXn-tesd KpcpX-c-am-Wv. i_-cn-a-e-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xpt]m- s e- b p≈ `‡- P - \ - Ø n- c - ° n- s √¶nepw {]tZ-i-Øn\v Xmßm-\m-ImØ coXn-bn¬ Su¨jn∏v cq]-s∏-´p-h-cp-IbmWv Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬. temUvPp-Iƒ tI{μ-am-°n-bp≈ Xo¿∞m-S\ Sqdn-kamWv Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ \S-°p-∂-Xv. \ne\n¬°p∂ \nb-a-ß-sf√mw Im‰n¬ ]dØn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ tlm´-ep-Ifpw temUv P p- I - f p- a mWv Kpcp- h m- b q- c nse Ct∏m- g sØ {][m\ {]iv \ - ° m¿. ASp-ØnsS henb P\-Iob {]Xn-tj[-ambn Db¿∂p-h∂ N°w-I≠w Agp°p-Nm¬ hncp-≤-k-acw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ krjvSn-°p∂ amen-\y-{]-iv\-ß-fpsS cq£-X-bn-te°v hnc¬Nq-≠p-∂-Xm-Wv. sk]v‰n- S m- ¶ p- I ƒ \n¿Ωn- ° msX {]h¿Øn- ° p∂ tlm´- e p- I fpw temUvPp-Ifpw ae-aq{Xamen-\y-߃ t\sc Im\-I-fn-te-°mWv X≈p-∂-Xv. CXv henb tXmSv hgn HgpIn Kpcp○

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]n.-_n. 100, Xriq¿-˛1

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2008

am¿®v

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\nco-£Ww

Sqdn-khpw kv{XoIfpw kcq]v tdmbv, C-tIz-j≥kv kzX{¥ ]cn-`mj : Da sI.-]n.

2007 sk]v ‰ w- _ ¿ 27\v temISqdnkw Zn\-tØm-S\ - p-_‘ - n®v bpssW- ‰ Uv t\j≥kv thƒUv Sqdnkw Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥ XßfpsS hnj-ba - mbn kv{XoI-fpw Sqdnkhpw F∂ {]iv\sØbmWv Xncs™-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-Xv. CXv XnI®pw kzmK-Xm¿l-amb hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. 1980-\p-tijw BZy-am-bmWv Hcp Sqdnkw Zn\-Øn¬ kv{XoIfpw Sqdnkhpw F∂ hnjbw N¿® sNøs∏-´-Xv. kv{XoI-fpsS D∂-a-\-Øn\mbn Sqdnkw hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd-∂pX-cp-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw CXph-sc-bp≈ A\p-`h - ß - ƒ Gsd hn`n∂-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ bpssW-‰Uv t\j≥kv thƒUv Sqdnkw Hm¿Kss\-tk-j≥ F√mw IÆ-S®v AwKoI-cn-°m-\p≈ Hcp ÿm]\w am{Xam- I msX, kv { Xoim- ‡ o- I - c - W Ønepw Nqj-W-Ønepw Sqdnkw hln-®n-´p≈ ]¶n-s\-Ip-dn®v Imcyambn ]Tn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Xß- f psS kp{]- [ m\ e£y- a msW∂v Xd-∏n-®p-]d - b - p∂ kwÿm-\˛- t Z- i ob˛A- ¥ ¿tZ- i ob Sqdnkw t]mfn-kn-I-sfm-∂pw-Xs∂ shdpw {]kv X m- h - \ - I ƒ°- ∏ pdw Cu {]iv \ sØ Ipdn®v ]Tn- ° mt\m th≠ \S-]S- n-Iƒ FSp-°mt\m Imcyamb {ia-߃ \S-Øn-bn-´n-√m-sb∂ \Ωƒ I≠p-Ig - n-™p. kv{XoIƒ°p-IqSn ]¶m-fn-If - m-Imhp∂ [mcmfw {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ C∂v Sqdnkw hmKvZm-\w-sN-øp-∂p. Sqdnkw A\p-_-‘-ambn sXmgn-ep-I-sf-Ipdn®v \S-Ønb BtKm-fI - W - ° - p-Iƒ ImWn- ° p- ∂ Xv 46- i - X - a m\w kv{XoIƒ ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p∂ taJ-ebmWv CXv F∂m-W.v e`y-amb IW°p-Iƒ sh®p-t\m-°n-bm¬ 1988\pw 2005\pw CS-°p≈ Ime-L´- Ø - n¬ BtKm- f - \ n- e - h m- c - Ø n¬Xs∂ kv{Xo{]m-Xn-\n-[y-Øn¬ Imcy-amb h¿[-\hv h∂n-´p-s≠-∂p-Im-Wmw. h≥tXm-Xn¬ hnI-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p∂ Cu hyh-km-bc - w-KØv samØambn km∂n[y-ap-s≠-¶n¬t]mepw Sqdn-kØ - n¬\n∂pw Imcy-amb t\´ß-sfm-∂pw-Xs∂ a‰p ]e LS-Ißfpw \nb-{¥n-°p∂ sXmgn¬am¿°‰n¬ kv{XoIƒ°v t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. a‰p taJ-eI - f - n-ep-≈X - pt]mse Xs∂ Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ sXmgn¬am¿°-‰nepw Ah-KW - n-°m\m-ImØ{X enwK-hn-th-N\w Ds≠∂p-]d - b - mw. Sqdnkw skIvSd - n¬ icn-

kv{XoIƒ°mbn Xpd-°-s∏-tS≠Xpw Sqdn-kØ - n\v Xpd-°m-\mhp-∂X - p-amb Nne hmXn-ep-Iƒ Cu temI-Ønse Hcp \√]mXn F∂ \ne-bn¬ kv{XobpsS ka-XzØn\pw im‡o-Ic - W - Ø - n\pw \oXn°p-ambn \S-°p∂ t]mcm-´ß - f - n¬ Sqdnkw hln® ]¶v F¥v? AYhm C°m-cy-Øn¬ Sqdn-k-Øn\v F¥v sNøm-\mIpw? kv{Xoim-‡o-Ic - Ww 2008

am¿®v

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bmb A¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp enwKm-[njvTnX ]nc-anUv LS-\X - s∂ \ap°v ImWmw. ASn-Ø-´nep≈-Xpw, Dbcm≥ km[y-XI - ƒ Ipd-™X - p-amb tPmen- I - f n¬ A[n- I hpw kv{XoIfpw, F∂m¬ A[n-Im-cß - ƒ Iøm-fp∂ amt\-P¿ Xpey ]Z-hn-Ifn¬ A[n-Ihpw ]pcp-j∑ - m-cp-am-Wv. C¥y-bn-em-Is´ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ taJ- e - b n¬ AXnYnk¬Im- c w, kzoI-cW - w, ]mN-Iw, XpWn-be - ° - ¬, Krl-kμ - ¿i\w XpSßn {]tXyIn®v sshhn[yw H∂pw Bh-iy-an-√mØXpw Ãocn-tbm-Sn-∏n-°¬ Bb-Xpamb tPmen-If - mWv kv{XoIƒ°mbn am‰n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v ssewKn-IN - q-jW-ßfpw ]oU-\ß - fpw `oj-Wn-Ifmbn Ah¿°v ap∂n-ep-≠v. kzbwim-‡o-I-cn-°m\pw kwL-Sn-°m-\pambn Iq´m-bva-Itfm bqWn-bt\m D≠m- ° p- ∂ - X n¬\n∂pw Sqdnkw hyh-kmbw Chsc \ncp-’m-ls - ∏Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pcp-j∑m¿°v e`n-°p-∂X - n-t\-°mƒ B\p]m- X n- I - a mbn hfsc Ipd- h mWv kv{XoI-fpsS thX-\w. Xm¬°m-enI \nb-a-\-ß-fn¬ Ipcp-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ kv { XoIƒ°v kzm`m- h n- I - a mbpw AtX -tPmenXs∂ ÿnc-\n-b-a-\Øn¬ sNøp∂ Hcp ]pcp-j\v e`n°p-∂X - nepw Ipd-hmWv thX-\w. hnI-kzccmPy-ßf - n¬ Im¿jn-tIXc {]hr-Øn-If - n¬ G¿s]-Sp-∂h - cn¬ 60- i - X - a m\w Bfp- I fpw ○

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37

sXmgn¬sN-øp-∂Xv A\u-]N - m-cn-Ita-Je - b - n-em-Wv. CXn¬ `qcn-`m-Khpw t\cnt´m A√m-sXtbm Sqdn-k-hpambn _‘-s∏´p InS-°p-∂p. Sqdnk-Øns‚ A\u-]N - m-cn-It- a-Je - I - ƒ Xma-k˛- ` - £ - W kuI-cy-߃ Hcp°p-∂X - p-ap-X¬ Ic-Iu-ie - h - k - X v p-°fp-sS hn]-W\ - Ø - n¬hsc kv{XoIfpsS ]¶v {it≤-ba - mWv. F∂m¬ Ch- s b- √ mw- s X∂ A¿ln- ° p∂ {i≤tbm {]m[m-\ytam e`n-°msX Ah-KW - n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - mWv sNøp-∂Xv. kmº-Øn-Ic - w-KØv kv{XoI-fptS-Xmb apJy-kw-`m-h\ - I - sf AwKoI-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah¿°v aqe-[\ - hpw sXmgn¬ sshZ- K v [ y- ] - c n- i o- e \ km[y-XI - fpw e`y-am-°pIbpw DXv]∂-߃ \ymb-hn-e°v hn‰-gn-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS BtcmKy-kw-c-£-Whpw kmaq-ln-I-kp-c£bpw Dd-∏p-hc - p-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Iq´m- b v a - I ƒ D≠m- ° m- \ p≈ t{]m’m-l\w A¥y-¥m-t]-£n-Xambn \¬I-Ww. Xt±-ih - m-kn-If - mbn kv{XoIƒ°v am{Xw km[yamb, Xß-fpsS kaqlm-[n-jvTn-X-amb Sqdnkw kwcw-`߃ kv{Xo-Iƒ°v {]tbm-P-\-{]Zhpw Ah-cpsS A[nImcw Dd-∏n°m≥ DX-Ip-∂X - p-amb Hcp am¿K-amWv. CØ-cØ - n¬ sNdp-Xmbn XpSßnb s]¨Iq-´mbva kwcw-`ß - ƒ ]n∂oSv Hu]-Nm-cn-IS- q-dnkw taJ-ebpsS kp{]-[m\ `mK-ßf - mbn amdnb IY- I ƒ \nc- h - [ n- b m- W v . {]mtZinIhmkn- I - f mb kv { XoI- ƒ °v kmº-ØnI kzmX{¥yw t\Sn-s°mSp- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw sXmgn¬ssh- Z Kv[yhpw anI® hnZym-`ym-khpw t\Sp∂- X n\v Ahsc t{]m’m- l n- ∏ n°m\pw CØcw kwcw-`ß - ƒ klmb-I-am-Ip-∂p. Sqdn-Ã-vtI-{μ-ß-fnse {]mtZ-in-Ih - m-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS hoSpI-fn¬\n∂pw ]c-ºc - m-KX sXmgn-epI-fn¬\n∂pw IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-s∏Sp∂ C∂sØ Ah-ÿb - n¬ tIcIr-jn, a’y-kw-kvIc - W - w, ]pI-bne-Irjn F∂n-h-bn¬ G¿s]-´n-cn°p∂ kv { XoI- f mWv G‰hpw A[nIw Ah-iX A\p-`h - n-°p-∂X - .v IpSn- s bm- g n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v ]Icw Ch¿°v Xnc-s™-Sp-°m-hp∂ a‰p sXmgn¬km-[y-XI - ƒ Is≠-Øn-sImSp- t °- ≠ Xv k¿°m- d n- s ‚bpw Sqdnkw hyh-km-bØ - n-s‚bpw Hcp {][m-\I - ¿Øhyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.

38

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`rXycpw C\n-bt- ßm´v A`n-ap-Jo-Icn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂ kmaq-lnI am\knI {]iv\ß - ƒ Gsd-bm-W.v kzta[-bmbpw \n¿_-‘n-X-am-bp-ap≈ IpSn- t bdn ]m¿°- e p- I fpw SqdnkhpwXΩn¬ {]iv\-߃ apdp-In-hcp∂p. Cu BtKm- f - { ]- X n- ` m- k Øns‚ enwK-]c - a - mb am\-ßs - f-Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. F®vs - Fhn AYhm FbvUvkv enwK Ak-aX - z-Øn¬ \ne-bp-d∏ - n-®ncn-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv Hcp kXy-am-Wv. skIvkvSq-dnkw, ssewKnI I®-hS-߃ F∂n-hb - p-am-bp≈ ASpØ _‘w ImcWw Sqdnkw tI{μ-߃ CXn-s\mcp {][m\ thZn-bm-Ip-∂p. \K-c-ß-fn¬ IqSn-h-cp∂ Zmcn{Zyw F∂ `oj-Wn-bp-sS, hn]-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ Bgv∂n-d° - n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Cu ssewKnI Ak-aX - z-Øn-emWv. \K-cß - f - nse Zcn-{Zsc hfsc \ni_vZa - mbn NqjWw sNbvXp-sIm-≠ncn-°p-tºmƒXs∂ Ah-cpsS Poht\m-]m-Zn-I-sfbpw Aÿn-XzsØ Xs∂bpw hnP-bI - c - a - mbn Xa-kvIc - n®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - mWv. Iem-]{- ]-tZi-ßf - nse Sqdnkw hnI-k\ - Ø - ns‚ Znibpw Cu {]tZ-iß - f - n¬ kz¥w \ne-\n¬∏n-\m-bn-Xs∂ ]S-s]m-cpXp∂ kv{XoIƒ°p-ta¬ CXp-aq-ea - p≠m-Ip∂ {]Xym-Lm-Xß - fpw AXoh-{i-≤t- bmsS N¿® sNtø≠ hnjb-am-W.v Zpc-¥ß - ƒ°pw ]I¿®m-hym[n-Iƒ°pw Sqdn-kh - p-ambn Akp-JI-c-amb Hcp _‘wXs∂-bp-≠v. F∂m¬ Sqdn-kØ - ns‚ ASn-ÿm\ LS-\b - nse \ho-Ic - W - Ø - nepw SqdnÃp-I-fpsS kpc-£-bnepw {i≤-bq∂n-bp≈ Sqdnkw hnI-k\ - {- ]-h¿Ø\-߃°n-Sb - n¬ ChnsS Hgn-hm-°s - ∏Sp-∂Xv AXns‚ enwK-am-\ß - f - m-Wv. Sqdn-k-Øn¬ kv{Xoim-‡o-IcWw F∂ sh√p-hnfn t\cn-Sm-\p-XIp∂ hyh-ÿm-]n-Xa - m¿K-߃ Xncbm≥ `c-WI - ¿Øm-°t- fmSpw \b-Imcy-I¿Øm-°t- fmSpw Sqdnkw hyh-kmb-Øn-t\mSpw ]uc-ka - q-lt- ØmSpw UNWTOt - bmSpw R߃ Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. ]pcp-jt\msSm∏w IptdIqSn \ymbhpw ka-Z¿in-bp-am-bp≈ Hcp temI-Øn-te-°p≈ IhmSw Xpd°m-\p≈ kp{]-[m\ \o°-sat∂mfw kv{XoI-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃°pw im‡o-Ic - W - Ø - n-\p-am-bp≈ Hcp Zim_vZw- UNWTO {- ]-Jym-]n-t°≠ kabw ASp-Øp- F∂p-Xs∂ IcpXmw.

ASbv t °- ≠ n- b n- c n- ° p∂ Nne hmXn-ep-Iƒ-˛-Sq-dn-kw-ta-J-e-bnse kv{XoNq-jWw Sqdnkw aqew {]mtZ-in-Ik - a - q-l߃°v {]Ir- X n- h n- ` - h - ß - f psS taep≈ Ah-Imiw \ntj-[n-°s - ∏Sp-Ibpw {]Ir-Xn-hn-`h - ß - ƒ°v Xs∂ timjWw kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøptºmƒ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ZpcnXw A\p-`h - n-°p-∂Xv ho´Ω F∂ \nebnepw kaq-lØ - nse HcwKw F∂ \ne-bnepw kv{XoX-s∂-bm-Wv. XßfpsS Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw PohnX Bh-iy-ßf - p-sSbpw kp{]-[m\ `mKß-fmb ImSn-t∑epw \ne-Øn-t∑-epap≈ Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-ihpw A[nIm-c-hp-amWv Sqdnkw IS-∂p-I-b-‰ßƒ tNmZyw sNøp-∂X - v. Km¿lnIm- h - i y- ß ƒ°m- b p≈ sh≈w, ]mNIw sNøm-\p≈ hnd-Iv F∂nh kam-l-cn-°m-\p≈ kv{XoI-fpsS IjvS∏ - mSv Gsd h¿[n-°p-∂p. kwkv I m- c w- t ]mepw I®- h - S h¬I- c n- ° m- \ p≈ Sqdn- k - Ø ns‚ X{X∏m-Sn¬ kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j∑mcpw Hcp-t]mse _m[n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂psh-¶nepw kv{XoIsf Nc-°p-h¬Icn-°m-\p≈ Hcp {]h-WX IqSp-Xe - mbn-Im-Wp-∂p. CXns‚ G‰hpw Zpjn®, {it≤- b am DZm- l - c - W - a mbn skIvkv Sqdn-ksØ ImWm-sa-∂ncns° Sqdn-kw-ta-Je - b - n¬ tPmen-sbSp-°p∂ kv{XoIƒ shdpw ssewKnI-h-kvXp-°-fmbn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp∂p. BI¿j- I - a mb coXn- b n¬ hkv{X-[m-cWw sNbvX kv{XoIƒ kpμ-cn-If - mbn (sa-en™v `wKn-bp≈ apJ-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb bph-Xn-I-fmbn F∂v hmbn-°p-I) D]-t`m-‡m-°fpsS ssewKnI B{I-a-W-ßsf \ni_vZw kln-®p-sIm-ff - W - w. Sqdnk-Øn\v ]ckyw \¬Ip∂ an° t{_mj-dp-If - nepw a‰pw enwK-t`-Z] - c- a mb ÿncw k¶¬]- ß ƒ Nn{XWw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. F√m-bnt∏mgpw kulr-Z] - q¿hw Nncn-°p-∂hcpw A`n-Im-ay-amb BI¿j-WobXbp≈-hcpw ]c-ºc - m-KX hkv{Xw [cn- ® p- s Im≠v XnI™ hg- ° tØmsS D]-t`m-‡m-hns‚ GXv B{K-lhpw \nd-th-‰n-s°m-Sp-°m≥ kZm-k∂ - ≤ - c - p-amWv Cu t{_mj¿ kpμ-cn-am¿. UNWTObpw a‰v A¥¿tZiob kwL-S\ - I - fpw Xß-fpsS \nbam-he - n-bn¬ Cu {]iv\w N¿®sNøW-sa∂v R߃ A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. Sqdnkw hyh-km-bhpw AXns‚ ○

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www.equitabletourism.org ○

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2008

am¿®v

ka-cß - f - n-eqsS Fc-bmw-IpSn kacw HØp-Xo¿∂p asÆ-Sp-°¬ \n›nX Ime-bf - h - n\p-≈n¬ \n¿Øp-sa∂pw ]n∂oSv A\paXn \evIn-s√-∂p-ap≈ Dd-∏p-If - psS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ Fc-bmw-Ip-Sn-bnse I¿j-I¿ \ncm-lmckacw Ah-km\n-∏n-®p. tbmKy-amb F√m ÿehpw Irjn sNøp-sa∂ A[n-Ir-X-cpsS Dd∏v 102 Znhkw \o≠p-\n∂ kac-Øns‚ hnP-ba - m-bn-Øs∂ Icp-Xmw. Irjn-a-{¥n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S∂ N¿®-bn¬ ka-c° - m-cpsS Bhiy-߃ ]cn-KW - n-°s - ∏s´¶nepw ]e CjvSnI If-ß-fnepw XpS¿∂p≈ Znh-kß - f - n¬ asÆ-Sp∏v \S-°p-Ib - p≠m-bn. Irjnbpw ]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw kwc-£n-°p-∂X - n-\mbn \S∂ Cu ka-cØ - ns‚ hnPbw P\-Iob apt∂‰-߃°p≈ AwKo-Im-ca- mbn IcpXm \mIp-sa-¶nepw P\m-[n-]Xy cmjv{SobsØ XI¿°p∂ cmjv{So-b/- am-^nb Iq´p-sI-´p-Ifpw A[n-Im-cØ - nse ]WØns‚ kzm[o-\hpw Fc-bmw-IpSn ]mS-ßf - n-te°v ho≠pw Im]-Sy-ßf - pambn IS-s∂-Øm-\p≈ km[y X X≈n-°f - b - m-\m-In-√. Pm{K-X.

AXn-c-∏n≈n

sNßd

kXym-{K-l-k-acw XpS-cp∂p IpX-{¥-߃ sa\™v sI.-Fkv.-C.-_n.bpw k¿Δ-k-∂m-l-ß-fpambn a{¥n _me\pw AW-s°´v sI´m-\p≈ AS-hp-I-sf√mw ]b-‰pI- b m- W v. AXn- c - ∏ n- ≈ n- b n¬ BIvj≥ Iu¨kn-en-s‚bpw Nme°pSn dnh¿ s{]m´-£≥ t^md-Øns‚bpw t\Xr- X z- Ø n¬ kXym{Klkacw \S-∂p-hc - p-∂p. Uman-s\Xnsc \nc-h[n P\-Iob/cmjv{Sob {]ÿm-\-߃ kXym-{K-l-Øn\v ]n¥p-Wa - m-sb-Øp-∂p-≠v. AXn-c∏ - n≈n-bn¬ apgßn tIƒ°p∂ Nne ap{Zm-hm-Iy-߃: AW-s°´pIƒ sI´n-s∏m-°p-hm≥ ]W-s°-´pIƒ hmßp-∂-hsc \nßfv sI´pw sI´p-I-sf√mw s]m´n-t∏mIpw Im´mbw ]eni Imin\v hI-ap-´mØ AXn-c∏ - n≈n ]≤Xn tht≠-th≠ *** AXn-c-∏n≈n ]≤Xn h∂m¬ tImg-°m¿°v tImSn-IƒIn´pw AXn-c-∏n≈n ]≤Xn h∂m¬ tImSn-Iƒ IpSn-sh-≈-Øn\v ap´pw

ka-cØ - n-s\-Xnsc kn.-]n.-sF.(-Fw)

km[p-P\ hntam-N\ kwbp‡ thZn-bpsS ap≥I-øn¬ sNß-db - n¬ `qan-°p-th-≠n-bp≈ kacw i‡ambn XpS- c p- t ºmƒ `qk- a - c sØ tIcf P\X X≈n-∏-d-b-W-sa∂v sX‰mbn Cu ka-ct- ØmSv tbmPn°m≥ B¿°pw Ign-bn-s√∂pw CSXp-ap-∂Wn t\XrXztbmKw "Xocp-am\n-®p.' BZn-hm-kn-Ifpw Zfn-Xcpw a‰v ]nt∂m° hn`m-Kß - fpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ `qc-ln-X¿ h¿j-ßf - mbn t\cn-Sp∂ A\o-Xn-s°-Xnsc kwL-Sn-X-ambn kacw sNøp-tºmƒ `c-Wa - p-∂Wn AXns\ ]c-ky-ambn X≈n-∏d - b - p-Ibm-Wv. tIc-fØ - nse s]mXp-ka - q-lØns‚ {i≤-bpw ]n¥p-Wbpw `qcln-X¿°v In´p-tºmƒ CS-Xp-ap-∂W - nbpsS ]¶n-√mØ Cu ka-ct- ØmSv Ak- l n- j v W p- X - t bmsS ISpØ ^mknÃv \ne-]m-sS-Sp-°p∂ coXn-bnte°v, P\-hn-cp-≤X - b - n-te°v kn.-]n.sF.(-Fw) k¿°m¿ amdp-I-bm-Wv. ]pXnsbmcp A-Sn-ÿm\ cmjv{Sobw Db¿∂p-hc - p-tºmƒ P\m-[n-]X - y-t_m[-ap≈ s]mXp-k-aqlw Cc-I-fpsS Cu ka-csØ F√m-hn-[-Ønepw ]n¥p-Wb - vt°-≠X - p-≠v.

_‘-߃°v : Fkv.-]n. chn, 9249898773 Fw. taml≥Zmkv, 9895977769

_‘-߃°v : Pb-{io, 9947143580

apcn-bmSv

_‘-߃°v : fml tKm]m-em≥, 9249101709

kacw c≠mw L´-Øn-te°v I¿j- I - a p- t ∂‰w \S- Ø n- h ∂ kacw k¿°m- c p- a mbn HØpXo¿s∂-¶nepw Irjn sNøm-\p≈ kml- N cyhpw kuI- c y- ß fpw ]q¿Æ-ambtXmXn¬ e`n-°m-Ø-Xn\m¬ I¿j-I¿ ho≠pw ka-c-Ønte°v \oßp-∂p. CjvSnI°f-ßfn¬ ]e-Xnepw asÆ-Sp∏v Ct∏mgpw XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. ]mS-ß-fnse sh≈s°´v amdp-∂-Xn\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ CtX-hsc kzoI-cn-®n-´n-√. hmKvZm\-߃ ]eXpw ]mgm-bn. kacw c≠mw-L´w Bcw-`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

πm®n-aS kacw i‡n-s∏-Sp∂p G{]n¬ 22 `qan-Zn-\Ø - n¬ πm®n-aS kacw Ggmw h¿j-Øn-te°v {]th-in°p-Ib - m-Wv. \jvS] - c - n-lmcw \evIn Iº\n AS-®p-]q-´p-Ibpw πm®n-aS- I - ƒ tIc-fØ - n¬ Bh¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw ASpØL´w kacw Bcw-`n-°p-∂p. _‘-߃°v : hnftbmSn thWp-tKm-]m¬, 9946373475, tPm¨k¨, 9447019546

Im¿´q¨

hn.-F-kv. Knco-i≥

_‘-߃°v : h¿§okv sXmSp-]-d-ºn¬, 9495169930

shfn-®n-°me Hm¿°w t¢ ^mIvSdn A\-[n-IrX-ambn \S-Øn-hcp∂ asÆ-Sp-∏n-s\Xn-sc-bp≈ kacw 1000 Znh-k-߃ ]n∂n-´p. XpS-cp-∂p. _‘-߃°v : _m_p-Pn, 9495055581 2008

am¿®v

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39

Rs. 20/-

Keraleeyam 2008 March

Registered KL/CR/TCR/353/2006-08 Licence No. KL/TCR/WPP-18/2006-2008 Licenced to post without prepayment Posted at Thrissur RMS/2 on 20&21/3/2008

{]mtZ-in-I-k-aq-l-Øns‚ kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmº-Øn-I-hp-amb D∂-a\w e£y-am°n {Kmao-W-ta-J-eI-fn¬ \S-∏n-em-°p∂ Sqdnkw ]≤Xn-Iƒ ]e-t∏mgpw Bkq-{X-WØ - ns‚ ]ng-hp-Ifpw cmjv{Sob Im]-Sy-ßfpw sIm≠v {KmaoW Pohn-Xß - ƒ°v Xncn®-Sn-bm-hp-Ib - m-Wv. C¥y-bnse Xs∂ kp{]-[m\ {KmaoW Sqdnkw taJ-ebmb Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bnse Ipºfßn {Kmaw Xt±-i-hm-kn-I-fpsS D∂a-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ k¿°m¿ Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS `mK-ambn A\p-Zn\w \in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv. Xt±-iob¿°v kmaq-ln-Ihpw ]c-º-cm-KX Pohn-X-ssi-en-Iƒ°pw \nXy-hr-Ønbv°p-am-bp≈ am¿§-߃°pw XS- ßƒ krjvSn-°p-∂X - p-amWv Ipº-fß - bnse hnt√Pv Sqdnkw ]≤-Xn-Iƒ. tlmw˛tà (kz¥w ho´n¬ Sqdn-ÃpIsf Xma- k n- ∏ n®v hcp- a m\ap≠m°p∂ coXn) ]≤Xn hgn Xt±-i-hmkn- I ƒ°v t\´- ß - f p≠mbn´p- s ≠¶nepw Imbepw s]m°m-fn-∏m-Sß - fpw \nI- Ø n- s °m≠v hcm≥t]m- I p∂ dntkm¿´p-Ifpw tImt´-Pp-Ifpw Ipºf-ßn-bpsS s]cpa h¿≤n-∏n-®-tXmsS Sqdn- à p- I - f psS FÆ- Ø n¬ h∂ Xmßm-\m-ImØ h¿≤-\hpw Cu t\´ß-fpsS ^ew C√m-Xm-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ipº-fßn {Kma-]-©m-b-Ønse I√t©- c n- b n¬ 4 G°- d n¬ ]WnXo¿°p∂ Iem-{Km-aa - mWv {]tZ-isØ Bhm-kh - y-hÿ b - psS \ne-\n¬∏n\v `oj-Wn-bm-bn-h-cp∂ ]pXnb ]≤-Xn. Ic-Iu-ie tI{μhpw a’y-_-‘\ kma-{Kn-If - psS {]Z¿i-\i - m-ebpw Xt±iob `£-W-tI-{μhpw Iem-{KmaØn¬ D≠m-Ipw. Imb¬Øo-c-ØneqsS Hcp Intem-ao-‰¿ \of-Øn-ep≈ \S-∏m-Xbpw Iem-{Km-a-Øns‚ `mKambn \n¿Ωn-°p-∂p-≠v. Imb-ens‚ Bgw IqSp-tºmƒ In´p∂ aÆp-]t- bmKn®v \nI-Øn-sb-Sp-°p∂ 4 G°¿ ÿeØv ]≤Xn \S- ∏ n- e m- ° p- s a∂mWv A[n- I r- X ¿ ]d- b p- ∂ - X v . lm¿_¿ F©n-\o-bd - nwKv hn`m-Ka - mWv 35 e£w cq] Nne-hm°n Imb-ens‚ Bgw Iq´p-∂X - v. CXn¬ 10 e£w cq] Sqdnkw hIp∏pw _m°n GP≥kn t^m¿ Uh-e-]vsa‚ v Hm^v AIzIƒ®¿ tIc-f-bp-amWv kam-l-cn-®n-cn°p-∂X - v. s]cp-ºS- ∏v ]mew apX¬ 850 ao‰-dn¬ Bgw-Iq-´¬ ]cn-]mSn 2005 HIvtSm-_t- dmsS ]q¿Øn-bm-sb-¶nepw

Ipº-fßn

Imb¬\n-IØ - nbpw AXnYn k¬°mcw CtIz-j≥kv {]Xo-£n-®X - n\v hn]-co-Xa - mbn aW-en\p- ] - I cw sNfn- b mWv In´n- b - X v . \n¿±njvS Iem-{Km-a-Øn-\m-bp≈ 4 G°¿ Imb¬ \nI-Øp-∂X - n\v AXv A]-cym-]X v a - m-bn-cp-∂p. tI{μ-k¿°m¿ 2 tImSn cq] IqSn ASp-ØnsS Iem{Kmaw ]≤-Xn-°mbn \o°n-h® - t- XmsS A[n-Ir-Xcpw _‘-s∏´ GP≥knIfpw ho≠pw Imb-ens‚ Bgw-Iq´n asÆ-SpØv Iem-{Km-a-Øn-\m-bp≈ ÿew \nI-Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ \o°w \SØp-Ib - m-Wv. tI{μ Sqdnkw a{¥m-ebhpw bpssW-‰Uv t\j≥kv Uh-e]vsa‚ v t{]m{Kmapw tN¿∂v C¥y-bnse 36 {KmaoWtI{μ-߃ F≥tUmP\kv Sqdnkw t{]mP-IvSns‚ `mK-ambn hnIkn-∏n-°m≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-ØX - n¬ Ipºf-ßnbpw Dƒs∏-´n-´p-≠v. Sqdnkw ]≤Xn-Iƒ hgn {KmaoW P\-Xbv°v \nXyhr-Øn-°m-bp≈ sa®-s∏´ am¿§-߃ Ah- c psS ssPh Bhm- k - h y- h ÿbv°v `wKw-hc - p-ØmØ coXn-bn¬ Is≠-Øp-Ib - mWv Cu t{]mP-IvSns‚ e£yw. ]s£ Ipº-fß - n-bn¬ Imb¬ \nIØn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ Iem-{Kmaw CXn\v hn]-co-X-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ßfmWv \S-Øp-∂X - v. Imbepw s]m°mfn-∏m-S-ßfpw \nIØn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ Iem-{Kmaw F≥tUm-P-\kv Sqdnkw t{]mP-ISv ns‚ F√m hyh-ÿI - s - fbpw \·-ambn ewLn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ {]tZisØ a’y-kº - Ø - n\pw IpSn-sh-≈Øn\pw timjWw hcp-Øp-Ibpw P\Po-hnXw Zp -la - m-°p-∂X - n\v Imc-W-

am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. tI{μ-Sq-dnkw a{¥mebw Cu {]iv\ß - f - n¬ {i≤ sNepØp-Ibpw Iem-{Km-aØ - n\v \¬Inb kmº-ØnI klm-b-߃ hyh-ÿIƒ ewLn-®X - ns‚ t]cn¬ ]n≥h-en°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠X - m-W.v CXp-Iq-SmsX Ipº-fßn {Kma-]©m-bØv ]pØ≥Icn {]tZ-iØ - p≈ s]m°mfn ]mSsØ sh≈-s°-´n¬ XqWp-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®v 56 SqdnÃv tImt´Pp-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v t]m∏okv C≥ ss{]h‰v enan-‰Uv F∂ kzImcy-{Kq-∏n\v A\p-aXn \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. Ch¿ \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø- \ ߃°mbn ]mS߃ `qcn-`m-Khpw Ct∏mƒØs∂ \nI-Øn-°-gn-™p. Pn√m If-IvS¿ CS-s]´v \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\-߃ \n¿Øn-h-bv°m≥ 2007 \hw-_-dn¬ DØ-c-hn-´p. s\¬hb-ep-Ifpw \o¿Ø-S-ßfpw kwc-£n°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ k¿°m¿ \b-߃°v Xo¿Øpw FXn-cm-bn-´mWv Ipº-fßn {Kma-]-©m-bØv {]h¿Øn-®-Xv. 2006 sk]vXw-_-dn¬ Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp∏v a{¥n ]msemfn apl-Ω-ZvIp´n Xt±i kzbw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃°v \ne- h n- e p≈ Pe- t {km- X -   p- I fpw s\¬h- b - e p- I fpw kwc- £ n- ° p- ∂ Xn\pw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ \S]-Sn-Iƒ \n¿_‘ambpw ssIs°m≈-W- s a∂v Bh- i y- s ∏- ´ n- c p- ∂ p. CsXm∂pw _m[-Ia- √ - mØ coXn-bn-emWv Ipº-fßn {Kma-]© - m-bØv s]m°mfn ]mSw \nIØn tImt´-Pp-Iƒ ]Wn-bp-∂Xn-\p≈ A\p-aXn \¬In-bX - v.

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