Jhautoimmunity

Infections and Autoimmunity

 

 

Autoimmunity and Epitope Mimicry by Microbes • Association between infection and autoimmune  disease • Microbial and Host epitopes identified • Cross reactive T cells significant component of the  Immune Response to Infection (or antibody) •  Requirement for both microbial and host epitopes in  the development of disease • Cross reactive T  (or B or antibody) cells can  provoke disease

 

 

Streptococcus pyogenes

 

 

Streptococcus Pyogenes: Range of Infection

 

 

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Valvulitis

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Mitral Stenosis

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Aschoff Body

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Cross Reactive Antibody Recognises Myocardium

 

 

M proteins and T Cell Proliferation

 

 

T cells from myocardium proliferate to Streptococcal Epitopes

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Cross Reactive Epitopes

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: Cross Reactive Epitopes

 

 

Rheumatic Fever: TissueDamage

Throat

Heart

 

 

Sydenham’s Chorea

 

 

Monoclonal Antibodies from Patient with Sydenham’s Chorea React with N-acetyl--D-glucosamine

 

 

 

 

Binding of Sydenham’s Chorea Antibodies to Neuronal Tissue

 

 

Activation of CaM II By Sydenham’s Chorea Antibodies

 

 

Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis

• • • • •

 

1 to 4 weeks following Streptococcal Infection Blood in urine High blood pressure Inflammation in glomerulus Renal Failure

 

Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: M Type Associations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis: Role of Streptococcal GAPDH as a Plasmin Binder