Ivco 2006 Forum Trends
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Trends in International Cooperation and Volunteering 2006 and the last five years IVCO Conference 2006, Bonn
Rapid changes over last 5 years • The MDG strategy a central focus for donors – shaping PRSPs & national development sttategies • Post 9/11 agenda: preoccupation with (military) security, instability, and perhaps identity & cohesion • Aid falls reversed: new pledges on UN 0.7% target • Poverty regularly in news and on mainstream political agenda (MPH/GCAP, Tsunami, Sudan and G8 focus) • Aspects of globalisation a reality: access (for some) to information, increased mobility, global trade, finance and employment.
• Headline 31% rise in ODA to $106 billion in 2005, the highest level ever • DAC projects aid at $128 billion by 2010 • But - $23 billion of total was debt relief (Nigeria & Iraq) – underlying rise 8.7% Projected aid growth with and without debt relief 140 000
120 000
100 000 ODA net of debt relief Headline ODA 80 000
60 000
40 000 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Delivering more & better aid? • Doubts on where funds for pledged increases will come from once debt relief fades in 2007 • Little real new money at country level for IVCO priorities • IVCOs feel pressure to find place within Paris declaration/aid effectiveness debate • IVCOs and the challenge of new modalities: SWAPs, PRSPs and budget support
TC under the microscope • Perceived need to reinforcing developing country ownership and accountability, • the need to increase the effectiveness of Technical Cooperation (TC) • DAC says: “TC and capacity development are by no means synonymous…… a good deal of what DAC scores as TC has little to do with capacity development”.
How can IVCOs contribute to aid effectiveness debate? • DAC tasked with breakdown of TC into components, including volunteering • Concerns over quality of Paris declaration indicators • DAC highlights need to build capacity of individuals and address broader institutional context • IVCOs well placed to reinforce case for TC to go beyond short term gap filling to tackling underlying structural issues.
Budget support • In past, IVCOs have been concerned that GBS could limit involvement, contribution and access to funds • Major evaluation says moves to PGBS are slow • PGBS can significantly promote partnership • But not a panacea – one of a family of programme based approaches • Room for technical assistance and capacity building to be better integrated to PGBS – is this an area where IVCOs can contribute?
Global Security Agenda • Since 2003 impact on IVCOs has grown – Countries where volunteers are prepared to go – Increased importance placed on volunteer safety and security raises costs of volunteer placements – Dominance of global security on the development agenda – Suspension of volunteer programmes in countries affected by conflict – Militarization of development cooperation
Globalised communications and IVCOs • Positive impact: – volunteers shop around, gain better understanding of country and placement – Harnessing ‘virtual volunteers’
• Negatives: – Volunteers don’t integrate as well – More enquiries test response systems
Engaging with different actors • • • •
Growth in private providers over 5 years Growth in private sector collaboration More involvement of military Private funders like Gates and funds such as Global Fund for AIDS, TB & malaria now distributing billions • When and how should IVCOs engage?
Short term & older placements • Growing numbers seeking short term placements – Gap year phenomenon – Career break – Skills acquisition
• Older volunteers now a key group
Growth in 55 to 64 age group Trend in Number of People aged 55-64 - 1980-2050 16,000
Thousands of People
14,000 12,000
Australia Canada
10,000
Germany 8,000
Hungary Ireland
6,000
South Africa
4,000
UK
2,000 0 1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
Over the next 20 years numbers of people aged 55 - 64 will grow in most countries – in India & Ireland by over 50%
15 – 29 age group stable or in decline over long term Trend in the Number of People aged 15-29 - 1980-2050 20,000
Thousands of People
18,000 16,000
Australia
14,000
Canada
12,000
Germany
10,000
Hungary Ireland
8,000
South Africa
6,000
UK
4,000 2,000 0 1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
Percentage changes in younger age group quite large over next 20 years
• Central role of southern partners in defining skills needed not new. • But demand for new types of skill: – less TA and gap filling
– more capacity enhancement and exchange – expectation of professionalism Clear shift over 5 years (further) away from north - south skills transfer to a much more diverse picture
Globalisation and Recruitment • Populations more mobile and countries more diverse – old patterns & expectations fading • IVCOs in north working with southern NGOs to assist recruitment • Internet means volunteers can come from all over the world • South-north, north-south and south - south all models being employed • Mobilisation of diaspora communities
Funding a familiar preoccupation – despite worst of aid squeeze being over • Move over 5 years to more programmatic funding for some IVCOs, in line with donor interest in longer term more assured funding • But this funding seldom open to smaller IVCOs • Less sense of funding-led need to demonstrate impact (less marginalisation) • Rather a concern shared with majority of development agencies to show results
• In 2005 the world missed the first MDG (getting girls into school) • Can IVCOs play a particular role on gender? • Halfway from 1995 to 2015 (proportion of people in poverty halved) • Can IVCOs conceive of a world without absolute poverty (goal envisaged at social summit). • Sachs says this could happen by 2025. But what special contribution could IVCOs make?
Thank you for contributing to 2006 IVCO survey!
Rapid changes over last 5 years • The MDG strategy a central focus for donors – shaping PRSPs & national development sttategies • Post 9/11 agenda: preoccupation with (military) security, instability, and perhaps identity & cohesion • Aid falls reversed: new pledges on UN 0.7% target • Poverty regularly in news and on mainstream political agenda (MPH/GCAP, Tsunami, Sudan and G8 focus) • Aspects of globalisation a reality: access (for some) to information, increased mobility, global trade, finance and employment.
• Headline 31% rise in ODA to $106 billion in 2005, the highest level ever • DAC projects aid at $128 billion by 2010 • But - $23 billion of total was debt relief (Nigeria & Iraq) – underlying rise 8.7% Projected aid growth with and without debt relief 140 000
120 000
100 000 ODA net of debt relief Headline ODA 80 000
60 000
40 000 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Delivering more & better aid? • Doubts on where funds for pledged increases will come from once debt relief fades in 2007 • Little real new money at country level for IVCO priorities • IVCOs feel pressure to find place within Paris declaration/aid effectiveness debate • IVCOs and the challenge of new modalities: SWAPs, PRSPs and budget support
TC under the microscope • Perceived need to reinforcing developing country ownership and accountability, • the need to increase the effectiveness of Technical Cooperation (TC) • DAC says: “TC and capacity development are by no means synonymous…… a good deal of what DAC scores as TC has little to do with capacity development”.
How can IVCOs contribute to aid effectiveness debate? • DAC tasked with breakdown of TC into components, including volunteering • Concerns over quality of Paris declaration indicators • DAC highlights need to build capacity of individuals and address broader institutional context • IVCOs well placed to reinforce case for TC to go beyond short term gap filling to tackling underlying structural issues.
Budget support • In past, IVCOs have been concerned that GBS could limit involvement, contribution and access to funds • Major evaluation says moves to PGBS are slow • PGBS can significantly promote partnership • But not a panacea – one of a family of programme based approaches • Room for technical assistance and capacity building to be better integrated to PGBS – is this an area where IVCOs can contribute?
Global Security Agenda • Since 2003 impact on IVCOs has grown – Countries where volunteers are prepared to go – Increased importance placed on volunteer safety and security raises costs of volunteer placements – Dominance of global security on the development agenda – Suspension of volunteer programmes in countries affected by conflict – Militarization of development cooperation
Globalised communications and IVCOs • Positive impact: – volunteers shop around, gain better understanding of country and placement – Harnessing ‘virtual volunteers’
• Negatives: – Volunteers don’t integrate as well – More enquiries test response systems
Engaging with different actors • • • •
Growth in private providers over 5 years Growth in private sector collaboration More involvement of military Private funders like Gates and funds such as Global Fund for AIDS, TB & malaria now distributing billions • When and how should IVCOs engage?
Short term & older placements • Growing numbers seeking short term placements – Gap year phenomenon – Career break – Skills acquisition
• Older volunteers now a key group
Growth in 55 to 64 age group Trend in Number of People aged 55-64 - 1980-2050 16,000
Thousands of People
14,000 12,000
Australia Canada
10,000
Germany 8,000
Hungary Ireland
6,000
South Africa
4,000
UK
2,000 0 1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
Over the next 20 years numbers of people aged 55 - 64 will grow in most countries – in India & Ireland by over 50%
15 – 29 age group stable or in decline over long term Trend in the Number of People aged 15-29 - 1980-2050 20,000
Thousands of People
18,000 16,000
Australia
14,000
Canada
12,000
Germany
10,000
Hungary Ireland
8,000
South Africa
6,000
UK
4,000 2,000 0 1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
Percentage changes in younger age group quite large over next 20 years
• Central role of southern partners in defining skills needed not new. • But demand for new types of skill: – less TA and gap filling
– more capacity enhancement and exchange – expectation of professionalism Clear shift over 5 years (further) away from north - south skills transfer to a much more diverse picture
Globalisation and Recruitment • Populations more mobile and countries more diverse – old patterns & expectations fading • IVCOs in north working with southern NGOs to assist recruitment • Internet means volunteers can come from all over the world • South-north, north-south and south - south all models being employed • Mobilisation of diaspora communities
Funding a familiar preoccupation – despite worst of aid squeeze being over • Move over 5 years to more programmatic funding for some IVCOs, in line with donor interest in longer term more assured funding • But this funding seldom open to smaller IVCOs • Less sense of funding-led need to demonstrate impact (less marginalisation) • Rather a concern shared with majority of development agencies to show results
• In 2005 the world missed the first MDG (getting girls into school) • Can IVCOs play a particular role on gender? • Halfway from 1995 to 2015 (proportion of people in poverty halved) • Can IVCOs conceive of a world without absolute poverty (goal envisaged at social summit). • Sachs says this could happen by 2025. But what special contribution could IVCOs make?
Thank you for contributing to 2006 IVCO survey!
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