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Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Who should read this document 1.2 What is in this document 2.0 Feature Overview 2.1 Multi-networking and firewall policy 2.2 System policy 2.3 VPN integration 2.4 Users and authentication 2.5 Cache 2.6 Configuration export and import 3.0 Installation Process 3.1 Installation requirements 3.2 Network requirements 3.3 Installation procedure 3.4 Default settings 3.5 New ways to do familiar tasks 3.6 ISA Server computers with a single network adapter 4.0 Feature Walk-through 4.1 Scenario 1: Export a configuration 4.2 Scenario 2: Access the Internet from the Internal network 4.3 Scenario 3: Create and configure a restricted computer set 4.4 Scenario 4: Create a perimeter network using the Network Template Wizard

4.5 Scenario 5: Publish a Web server on the perimeter network 4.6 Scenario 6: Publish a Web server on the Internal network 4.7 Scenario 7: Configure virtual private networking 4.8 Scenario 8: Modify system policy 4.9 Scenario 9: Import a configuration 1.0 Introduction Microsoft® Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2004 introduces multinetworking support, easy-to-use and highly integrated virtual private networking configuration, extended and extensible user and authentication models, and improved management features, including configuration import and export. 1.1 Who Should Read this Document Read this document if you: • • • •

Use ISA Server 2000 and want to learn about what is new in ISA Server 2004. Use another firewall and are new to ISA Server. Need an introduction to ISA Server 2004 features. Want to set up ISA Server in a laboratory and use a guided walk-through to learn how to implement ISA Server in your company. For details, see Feature Walkthrough.

After you read this guide, for more information about ISA Server features and functionality, see ISA Server Help. 1.2 What's in this document This document includes an overview of product features introduced in this release of ISA Server 2004. It also provides installation instructions. Most importantly, this document includes walk-throughs that you can implement in a laboratory environment to familiarize yourself with the product features. The best way to understand ISA Server features is to use them, so we recommend that you set up a laboratory and try the walkthroughs in this document. For details, see Feature Walk-through. Much of the information included in this document is also available in online format, integrated into ISA Server online Help. Back to Contents 2.0 Feature Overview

The following table lists new and improved ISA Server 2004 features. More detail is provided in the sections that follow. Multi-networking New or Feature improved

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Description

You can configure one or more networks, each with distinct relationships to other networks. Access policies are defined relative to the networks, and not necessarily relative to a Multiple given Internal network. Whereas in ISA Server 2000, all network traffic was inspected relative to a local address table (LAT) configuration that included only address ranges on the Internal network, ISA Server 2004 extends the firewall and security features to apply to traffic between any networks. The new multi-networking features of ISA Server enable you to protect your network against internal and external security threats, by limiting communication between clients Unique pereven within your own organization. Multi-networking network policies functionality supports sophisticated perimeter network (also known as a DMZ, demilitarized zone, or screened subnet) scenarios, so that you can configure how clients in different networks access the perimeter network. Stateful You can examine data crossing the firewall in the context of inspection of all its protocol and the state of the connection, no matter the traffic source or destination. You can use ISA Server to define relationships between networks, depending on the type of access and communication allowed between the networks. In some NAT and route cases, you may want more secure, less transparent network communication between the networks. For these scenarios, relationships you can define a network address translation (NAT) relationship. In other scenarios, you want to simply route traffic through ISA Server. In these cases, you can define a route relationship. ISA Server includes network templates, which correspond to common network topologies. You can use the network Network templates to configure the firewall policy for traffic between templates networks. When you apply a network template, ISA Server creates the necessary set of rules to allow traffic, in accordance with your specified policy. Virtual private networking

New or Feature Description improved Improved VPN administration ISA Server includes a highly integrated virtual private network (VPN) mechanism. You can administer VPN

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connections through ISA Server Management as you would administer physically connected networks and clients. You have the full functionality of ISA Server available for VPN connections, including monitoring, logging, and session management. VPN clients are configured as a separate network. Therefore, you can create distinct policies for VPN Stateful inspection clients. The rule engine discriminately checks requests for VPN from VPN clients, statefully inspecting these requests and dynamically opening connections, based on the access policy. Because of support for industry standard Internet Interoperability Protocol security (IPSec), ISA Server 2004 can plug into with third-party environments with existing VPN infrastructures from VPN solutions other vendors, including those employing IPSec tunnel mode configurations for site-to-site connections. VPN clients can be quarantined by ISA Server in the Quarantined VPN Clients network, until their Quarantine Control compliance with corporate security requirements is verified. Security and firewall

New or Feature improved

Description

ISA Server 2004 extends ISA Server 2000 functionality, by allowing you to control access and usage of any protocol, including IP-level protocols. You can use applications such Extensive New as ping and tracert, and create VPN connections using the protocol support Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). In addition, Internet Protocol security (IPSec) traffic can be enabled through ISA Server. Users can be authenticated using built-in Microsoft Windows® or Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) authentication types, or other namespaces. Rules Improved Authentication can be applied to users or user groups in any namespace. Third-party vendors can use the software development kit to extend these built-in authentication types, offering additional authentication mechanisms. With ISA Server, you can place servers behind the firewall, Improved Publishing either on the corporate network or on a perimeter network, and securely publish their services. Cache New or Feature Description improved Improved Cache With the centralized cache rule mechanism of ISA Server, you rules can configure how objects stored in the cache are retrieved and

served from the cache. Management New or Feature improved

Description

ISA Server includes new management features, making it easier to secure your networks. New user interface features Improved Management include a task pane, a Help tab, an improved getting started wizard, and a new look for the firewall policy editor. ISA Server introduces the ability to export and import configuration information. You can use this feature to save Export and configuration parameters to an .xml file and then import the New import information from the file to another server, enabling simple replication of firewall configurations for multiple site deployment. A single view presents a summarized version of key New Dashboard monitoring information. If you note a problem, you can open detailed monitoring views for more information. The ISA Server log viewer displays the firewall logs in real time. You can display logs in an online real time mode, or in a New Log viewer historic review mode. You can apply filtering on log fields to identify specific entries. You can generate recurring or one-time-only reports on Web Improved Reporting usage, application usage, network traffic patterns, and security. Back to Contents 2.1 Multi-networking and firewall policy Previously, the concept of an Internal network was all computers at your corporation. The External network was all computers outside your corporation, generally accessible by means of the Internet. Today's view of the network includes users accessing their corporate networks using mobile computers, thereby making themselves virtually part of different networks. Branch offices connect to headquarters, and they want to use headquarters resources as if they are part of the network. Many corporations make their servers on the corporate network—and especially their Web servers—publicly available, but want to do so by separating those servers into a different network. The multinetworking functionality of ISA Server enables you to secure these more complex network scenarios. Multi-networking support affects most ISA Server firewall features. You can use the multi-networking features of ISA Server to protect your network against internal and external security threats by limiting communication between clients, even within your own organization. You can define relationships between the various networks you define in ISA Server, thereby determining how computers on each network communicate with each other by way of ISA Server. You can also group computers into

ISA Server network objects such as computer sets and address ranges, and configure an access policy specific to each network object. In a common publishing scenario, you might want to isolate the published servers on their own network, such as a perimeter network. The multi-networking functionality of ISA Server supports such a scenario, so that you can configure how clients on the corporate network access the perimeter network and how clients on the Internet access the perimeter network. You can configure the relationships between the various networks, defining different access policies between each network. Configuring a perimeter network topology is made easier through network templates and network template wizards in ISA Server. The following figure illustrates a multi-networking scenario.

In the figure, the ISA Server computer connects between the Internet (External network), the corporate network (Internal network), and the perimeter network. Three network adapters are on the ISA Server computer, each connected to one of the networks. Using ISA Server, you can configure different access policies between any pair of networks. You can determine if and how computers on each of the networks communicate with each other. Each network is isolated from the other, and is only made accessible when you configure rules to allow communication. To implement the multi-networking scenarios, ISA Server introduces the following concepts: •

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Networks. From an ISA Server perspective, a network is a rule element that can contain one or more ranges of IP addresses and domains. Networks include one or more computers, always corresponding to a specific network adapter on the ISA Server computer. You can apply rules to one or more networks. Network objects. After you create networks, you can group them into sets of network objects (subnets, address ranges, computer sets, URL sets, or domain name sets). Rules can be applied to networks or to network objects.

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Network rules. You can configure network rules to define and describe a network topology. Network rules determine if there is connectivity between two networks, and what type of connectivity will be allowed. Networks can be connected in one of the following ways: network address translation (NAT) or route.

2.1.1 Networks and network objects Networks include one or more computers, typically corresponding to a physical network, defined by ranges of IP addresses. Network objects are any group of computers that you define, for example, single networks, network sets of two or more networks, or computers sets for which you want to create distinct access rules. You can apply rules to one or more networks or network objects, or to all addresses except those in the specified network or network object. Each network adapter on the computer can be mapped to a single network. You can establish the types of ISA Server clients that are supported on a particular network: Firewall, Web Proxy, or both. ISA Server comes preconfigured with the following networks: •

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External. This network includes all computers (IP addresses) that are not associated with any other Internal network. The default External network cannot be deleted. Internal. Upon installation, this network includes all computers (IP addresses) associated with the internal network address card on the ISA Server computer. Local Host. This network represents the ISA Server computer. The Local Host network cannot be modified or deleted. Quarantined VPN Clients. This network contains addresses of VPN clients that have not yet been approved to access the corporate network. Typically, computers in this network are allowed limited access to the corporate network. VPN Clients. This network contains addresses of VPN clients that are currently connected. It is dynamically updated as VPN clients connect or disconnect from the ISA Server computer. The VPN Clients network cannot be deleted.

The Local Host, VPN Clients, and External networks are built-in networks, which cannot be deleted or created by the user. The Internal network is a predefined network, which is created upon installation, and it can be modified or deleted. Network sets can be configured to include specific networks. Alternatively, network sets can be defined to not include (that is, exclude) specific networks. These rules can be applied to networks, network sets, or network objects: • • •

Network rules Access rules Publishing rules

For access rules, you specify a destination network and a source network to which the rule is to be applied. The source network indicates which networks are allowed or denied access to the specified destination networks. For server publishing rules, you specify a source network, which is allowed access to a specific computer.

2.1.2 Network rules Network rules define and describe a network topology. Network rules determine if there is connectivity between two networks, and what type of connectivity is defined. Networks can be connected in one of the following ways: •

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Network address translation (NAT). When you specify this type of connection, ISA Server replaces the IP address of the client on the source network with its own IP address. NAT network rules might be used when defining a relationship between your Internal network and the External network. Route. When you specify this type of connection, client requests from the source network are directly relayed to the destination network. The source client address is included in the request. A route network rule might be used when you publish a server located on the perimeter network.

Route network relationships are bidirectional. If a route relationship is defined from network A to network B, a route relationship also exists from network B to network A. Conversely, NAT relationships are unique and unidirectional. If a NAT relationship is defined from network A to network B, no network relationship can be defined from B to A. You can create a network rule defining both relationships, but the second network rule in the ordered list of rules will be ignored by ISA Server. Upon installation, the following default rules are created: • •

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Local Host Access. This rule defines a route relationship between the Local Host network and all other networks. VPN Clients to Internal Network. This rule defines a route relationship between the two VPN client networks (VPN Clients and Quarantined VPN Clients) and the Internal network. Internet Access. This rule defines a NAT relationship between the Internal network and the External network.

Network rules are processed in order, for each network. Back to Contents 2.2 System policy When you install ISA Server, a default system policy is created. The system policy defines access rules between the ISA Server computer and the networks connected to it, for specific resource access.

Note: All of the system policy categories are enabled by default when you install ISA Server, with the policy applied specifically to the Internal network. You can modify the settings of the system policy. We recommend that you disable the categories of the system policy that you do not require in your configuration of ISA Server. The system policy contains the following categories: • • • • • • • •

Network Services Authentication Services Remote Management Firewall Client Diagnostic Services Logging Remote Monitoring Various

When you enable or disable a system policy configuration group or an item under a configuration group, ISA Server enables or disables the related system policy access rules. Back to Contents 2.3 VPN integration ISA Server helps you set up and secure a virtual private network (VPN). A VPN is a collection of computers that are connected to the corporate network securely from remote locations on the Internet. With a VPN, you can send data between two computers across a shared or public network in a manner that emulates a point-to-point private link. VPN connections allow users who work at home or other remote sites to obtain a remote access connection to an organization server, using the infrastructure provided by a public internetwork, such as the Internet. From the user's perspective, the VPN is a point-topoint connection between the computer (the VPN client) and an organization server (the ISA Server computer). The exact infrastructure of the shared or public network is irrelevant, because it appears as if the data is sent over a dedicated private link. VPN connections also allow organizations to have routed connections with other organizations over a public internetwork, such as the Internet, while maintaining secure communications (for example, between offices that are geographically separate). A routed VPN connection across the Internet logically operates as a dedicated wide area network (WAN) link. There are two types of VPN connections:

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Remote access VPN connection. A client makes a remote access VPN connection that connects to a private network. ISA Server provides access to the entire network to which the VPN server is attached. Site-to-site VPN connection. A VPN server makes a site-to-site VPN connection that connects two portions of a private network securely. ISA Server provides a connection to the network to which the ISA Server computer is attached.

By using the ISA Server computer as the VPN server, you benefit by protecting your corporate network from malicious VPN connections. Because the VPN server is integrated into the firewall functionality, VPN users are subject to the ISA Server access policy defined for the preconfigured VPN Clients network. All VPN clients belong to the VPN Clients network, and they are allowed access to resources on the Internal network in accordance with a predefined policy. Although the VPN users are virtually part of the Internal network address range, they are not necessarily subject to the Internal network's access policy, as you configured it for ISA Server. Special rules can be configured to allow users access to network resources. Because an access policy can be configured for the VPN Clients network, VPN clients are subject to the same stateful inspection mechanisms as any client communicating between networks through ISA Server. All VPN connections to the ISA Server computer are logged to the Firewall log. This enables you to audit VPN connections. When you configure the VPN, you can set aside a pool of static IP addresses for the VPN users' computers. When a VPN client connects to the local network, it is assigned an IP address from this address pool. Alternatively, you can choose to have IP addresses assigned to VPN clients dynamically, by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. The IP address is added to the VPN Clients network. Additionally, you can enable quarantine mode for VPN. By enabling quarantine mode, you ensure that a client is checked for compliance with corporate software policy before it is allowed to join the VPN Clients network, typically with unlimited access to the Internal network. Quarantine Control provides phased network access for remote (VPN) clients by restricting them to a quarantine mode before actually allowing them access to the network. After the client computer configuration is either brought into or determined to be in compliance with your organization's specific quarantine restrictions, standard VPN policy is applied to the connection in accordance with the type of quarantine you specify. Quarantine restrictions might specify, for example, that specific antivirus software is installed and enabled while connected to your network. Although Quarantine Control does not protect against attackers, computer configurations for authorized users can be verified and, if necessary, corrected before they can access the network. A timer setting is also available, which you can use to specify an interval at which the connection is dropped if the client fails to meet configuration requirements. For more information, see the document VPN Roaming Clients in ISA Server 2004.

You can create two different policies for each of the VPN client networks: •

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Quarantined VPN Clients network. You restrict access to the servers from which the client can download necessary updates to achieve compliance with your software policy. VPN Clients network. You can allow access to all corporate (Internal network) resources, or restrict access as appropriate. The VPN Clients network will have a NAT relationship with the External network. A network rule defining a NAT relationship between the VPN network and the External network will be configured. Back to Contents

2.4 Users and authentication With the new ISA Server functionality, you can apply access policy to Windows users or to users authenticated by different authentication mechanisms (namespaces), such as Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS). ISA Server supports the following authentication mechanisms: •

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Web Proxy clients. Basic authentication (using Active Directory® directory service or RADIUS), Digest authentication, Integrated Windows authentication, or certificates. VPN clients. Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP), Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (MS-CHAP), MS-CHAP version 2, Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), and RADIUS. Firewall clients. Kerberos or NTLM.

ISA Server features an authentication extensibility mechanism that allows third-party vendors to implement additional authentication schemes. You can use ISA Server to apply access policy or publishing policy to specific users or IP addresses. Users can be grouped into user sets, and rules can be applied to user sets. When you create a user set, you can add Windows, RADIUS, and SecurID users to the set. You can then apply access rules to that set. Back to Contents 2.5 Cache With cache rules, you can specify the types of content stored in the cache, and how objects are served from the cache. Depending on your organization's needs, cache rules can be applied to content from all sites or to specified sites, and to all content or limited to specified content types. In addition, you can limit the amount of time that objects are considered valid, and the way cache rules handle expired objects.

By default, an object is stored in the cache only if its source and request headers indicate to do so. However, you can specify which objects are stored based on the following options: • •

Never, no content will ever be cached. This option disables caching for this rule. If source and request headers indicate to cache. An object is stored in cache if indicated by the headers.

If you select the second option, you can also choose to cache the following: • • •

Dynamic content. If content is dynamic, objects will be cached, regardless of the response headers. Content for offline browsing. This includes 302 and 307 responses. Content requiring user authentication for retrieval. Authentication from the user is required.

With cache rules configuration, you can define whether caching will be enabled for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) responses. In addition, you can configure the cache rule to limit cached content according to file size. Cached HTTP and FTP objects expire according to Time to Live (TTL) settings. For HTTP objects, expiration is configured based on TTL, defined in the response header, and the TTL boundaries defined in the cache rule. TTL boundaries are calculated as a percentage of content age, which is the amount of time since an object was created or modified. FTP objects expire according to the TTL defined for FTP objects in the cache rule. As part of the cache rules configuration, you can define how objects stored in the cache are retrieved and served from the cache. Before ISA Server determines how the request will be routed, as defined in the network routing rules, ISA Server checks whether a valid copy of the object exists in the cache. An object is considered valid if its TTL period did not expire, as specified in the HTTP caching properties or on the object itself. Depending on how you configure the routing rule's cache properties, ISA Server will retrieve the object from the cache. You can configure ISA Server to do one of the following: • •

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Retrieve an object from the cache, only if the object is still valid. If an object is not valid, the request is routed to the server and retrieved. Retrieve an object from the cache, regardless of whether the object is still valid or not. If there is no version of the object in the cache, the request is routed to the server. Never route the request. If no version of the object is found in the cache, an error page is returned.

Cache rules are ordered, with the default cache rule processed last. For each new connection, the ISA Server computer processes the cache rules in order (that is, the first

rule is processed first). If the request matches the conditions specified by the rule, the request is routed, redirected, and cached accordingly. Otherwise, the next rule is processed. This continues until the last, default rule is processed, and applied to the request. When you install ISA Server, it configures a default cache rule. The default rule is initially configured so that only valid, requested objects will be retrieved from the ISA Server cache. If the object in the cache is not valid, it will be retrieved directly from the Internet. You cannot modify how the default cache rule retrieves objects. Back to Contents 2.6 Configuration export and import ISA Server includes an export and import feature that you can use to save the server configuration parameters to an .xml file, and then import the information from the file to another server. You can save your configuration to any directory and file name for which you have write permissions. When a configuration is exported, all general configuration information is exported by default. This includes access policy rules, publishing rules, rule elements, alert configuration, cache configuration, and ISA Server properties. Some server specific configuration information can be exported, if you select to do so. In addition, you can select to export user permission settings and confidential information, such as user passwords. Confidential information included in the exported file is encrypted. When importing the file, a password is required to open and decrypt this information. This password is set during the export process. When you export a specific object, the following is exported: • •

The specified object, including all property values. All descendant objects that are contained within the hierarchy, starting at the specified object.

For example, if you export an access rule, the network objects and user sets used in the creation of that rule are also exported, and will be imported when you later import the rule. Back to Contents 3.0 Installation Process Before installing this software, refer to the release notes provided with the CD. Before you install ISA Server, you must set up the hardware and configure the software of the computer that will run ISA Server.

3.1 Installation requirements To use ISA Server, you need: • •

A personal computer with a 550 megahertz (MHz) or higher Pentium IIcompatible CPU. Microsoft Windows Server™ 2003 or Windows® 2000 Server operating system. Note: If you install ISA Server on a computer running Windows 2000 Server, note the following additional requirements: Windows 2000 Service Pack 4 or later must be installed. Internet Explorer 6 or later must be installed. If you are using the Windows 2000 SP4 slipstream, you must also install the hotfix specified in article 821887, "Events for Authorization Roles Are Not Logged in the Security Log When You Configure Auditing for Windows 2000 Authorization Manager Runtime," in the Microsoft Knowledge Base. For more up-to-date information about setup and system requirements for ISA Server 2004, see ISA Server Setup and System Requirements.

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256 megabytes (MB) of memory. 150 MB of available hard disk space. This is exclusive of hard disk space you want to use for caching. One network adapter that is compatible with the computer's operating system, for communication with the Internal network. An additional network adapter for each network connected to the ISA Server computer. One local hard disk partition that is formatted with the NTFS file system. Note You can use ISA Server on a computer that has only one network adapter. Typically, you will do so when another firewall is located on the edge of the network, connecting your corporate resources to the Internet. In this single adapter scenario, ISA Server typically functions to provide an additional layer of application filtering protection to published servers, or to cache content from the Internet. For more information, see ISA Server computers with a single network adapter. Warning: Do not install ISA Server on a multi-processor computer with more than four processors. Back to Contents

3.2 Network requirements ISA Server requires both a Domain Name System (DNS) server and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. We recommend that you have both a DHCP and DNS server installed on a computer running Windows Server 2003 or Windows 2000

Server in your Internal network. If necessary, you can host the DNS and DHCP servers on the ISA Server computer.

3.2.1 DNS server DNS is the name resolution protocol for TCP/IP networks, such as the Internet. A DNS server hosts the information that enables client computers to resolve memorable, alphanumeric DNS names to the IP addresses that computers use to communicate with each other.

3.2.2 DHCP server DHCP servers centrally manage IP addresses and related information and provide it to clients automatically. This allows you to configure client network settings at a server, instead of configuring them on each client computer.

3.2.3 Configuring the DNS and DHCP servers To open the Configure Your Server Wizard, click Start, point to All Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Configure Your Server Wizard. You will have to run the wizard twice: once to configure the DNS server, and once to configure the DHCP server. When you configure your server to include a DNS server, when the Configure Your Server Wizard completes, the Configure a DNS Server Wizard appears. Review the DNS checklists by clicking DNS Checklists, and then follow the wizard instructions to configure the DNS server. When you configure your server to include a DHCP server, the Configure Your Server Wizard launches the New Scope Wizard. Follow the instructions of the New Scope Wizard to define the scope for the DHCP server. Back to Contents 3.3 Installation procedure To install ISA Server software, follow these steps: 1. Insert the ISA Server CD into the CD drive, or run ISAautorun.exe from the shared network drive. 2. In Microsoft ISA Server Setup, click Install ISA Server. 3. After the setup program prompts that it has completed determining the system configuration, on the Welcome page, click Next. 4. If you accept the terms and conditions stated in the user license agreement, click I accept the terms in the license agreement, and then click Next. 5. Type your customer details, and then click Next.

6. Click Typical Installation, Full Installation, or Custom Installation. There are four components that can be installed: o o o

o

ISA Server Services. The services that comprise ISA Server. ISA Server Management. The ISA Server Management user interface. Firewall Client Installation Share. A location from which client computers can install the Firewall Client software. This is typically installed on a computer other than the ISA Server computer, so it is not part of the Typical Installation option. The Firewall Client Share can be installed on computers running Windows Server 2003, Windows 2000 Server, or Windows XP. Message Screener. A component that you configure to screen e-mail messages for keywords and attachments. This component must be installed on a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server, which is typically not your ISA Server computer.

Typical Installation installs ISA Server Services and ISA Server Management. Full Installation installs all four components. Custom Installation enables you to select which components you will install. 7. Click Next. 8. Configure the Internal network. Follow these steps: a.Click Add. b.Click Select Network Adapter. c.Select Add address ranges based on the Windows Routing Table. d.Select one or more of the adapters that are connected to the Internal

network. These addresses will be included in the Internal network that is defined by default for ISA Server. e.Clear the selection of Add the following private IP ranges, unless you want to add those ranges to your Internal network. f.Click OK. Read the Setup Message, click OK, click OK again to finish the Internal network configuration, and then click Next. 2. On the Firewall Client Connection Settings page, select whether you want to allow nonencrypted connections between Firewall clients and the ISA Server computer. The ISA Server 2004 Firewall Client software uses encryption, but older versions do not. Also, some versions of Windows do not support encryption. You can select the following: o

o

Allow non-encrypted Firewall client connections. To allow Firewall clients running on versions of Windows that do not support encryption to connect to the ISA Server computer. Allow Firewall clients running earlier versions of the Firewall client software to connect to ISA Server. This option is available only if the first option is selected.

9. On the Services page, review the list of services that will be stopped or disabled during installation of ISA Server. To continue the installation, click Next. 10. Click Install. 11. After the installation is complete, if you want to invoke ISA Server Management immediately, select the Invoke ISA Management check box, and then click Finish. Back to Contents 3.4 Default settings After installation, ISA Server uses the default settings that are listed in the following table. Feature Default setting User Members of the Administrators group on the local computer can configure permissions firewall policy. The following network rules are created: •

Network settings

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Local Host Access. Defines a routed network relationship between the Local Host network and All Networks. This defines a network relationship to other networks, needed by services running on the ISA Server computer. Internet Access. Defines a NAT network relationship from the Internal network, the Quarantined VPN Clients network, and the VPN Clients network, to the External network. Access will be allowed only if you configure the appropriate access policy.

VPN Clients to Internal Network. Defines a routed network relationship between the VPN Clients network and the Internal network. Access will be allowed only if you enable VPN client access. The following default rules are created: •

Access rules

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Default rule. This rule denies all traffic between all networks.

System policy rules. A series of rules that allow the ISA Server computer to interact with other network resources. No internal servers are accessible to external clients. Default Rule. This rule specifies that all Web Proxy client requests are retrieved directly from the Internet. The cache size is set to 0. All caching is therefore disabled. •

Publishing Web chaining Caching

Back to Contents

3.5 New ways to do familiar tasks The following table lists common tasks you can perform using ISA Server 2004 and compares these tasks to how they were performed using ISA Server 2000. If you want to

In ISA Server 2000 In ISA Server 2004 Create a static packet filter allowing access to Publish co-located the specific server Create a server publishing rule. servers. located on the ISA Server computer. Verify that the default network rule, which Enable an Create a static packet is created upon installation, accurately application on the filter allowing access to defines a relationship between the Local ISA Server the specific port on the Host network and the External network. computer to access ISA Server computer. Then, create an access rule that allows the Internet. access to the specific protocol. The Internal network replaces the local Click Local Address Configure the local address table, and is configured as part of Table on any service's address table (LAT). the setup process. You can subsequently properties. reconfigure the Internal network. Create a protocol definition, specifying any IP-based protocols were Configure IP-based of the following protocols: TCP, UDP, supported in a limited protocol support. ICMP, or IP-level. If you select IP-level, fashion. you can specify any low-level protocol. Use the VPN wizards to Configure virtual configure client-toConfigure and enable VPN properties and private networking. router or router-to-router monitor VPN connections. VPN. On the array properties, Each network has its own listener, the Configure outgoing click the Outgoing Web network adapter that is responsible for Web request requests tab and listening for requests bound for that properties. configure listener network. properties. On the array properties, Web listeners are used as part of each Web Configure incoming click the Incoming Web publishing rule. When you configure a Web Web request requests tab and publishing rule, you specify which Web properties. configure listener listener to use for that rule. properties. Back to Contents 3.6 ISA Server computers with a single network adapter

You can install ISA Server on computers with a single network adapter. Typically, you will do so when another firewall is located on the edge of the network, connecting your corporate resources to the Internet. In this single adapter scenario, ISA Server is typically used to cache content from the Internet for use by clients on the corporate network.

3.6.1 Internal network One of the fundamental features of ISA Server is its ability to connect multiple networks. When ISA Server is installed on a single adapter computer, however, it recognizes only one network-the Internal network. The Internal network comprises all IP addresses, with the following exceptions: 0.0.0.0, 255.255.255.255, and the address range 127.0.0.0127.255.255.255.

3.6.2 Installing ISA Server on a single adapter computer As part of the setup process, you specify the addresses in the Internal network. When you install ISA Server on a computer with one network adapter, be sure to include all addresses except 0.0.0.0, 255.255.255.255, and the address range 127.0.0.0127.255.255.255. You can use the Single Network Adapter network template to configure your single adapter ISA Server computer. To use the template, in ISA Server Management, expand the Configuration node, and select Networks. In the task pane, on the Templates tab, select Single Network Adapter to start the Network Template Wizard. Follow the wizard steps to complete the configuration. We recommend that you use the default settings provided by the Network Template Wizard.

3.6.3 Caching You can deploy ISA Server on a single adapter computer as a forward proxy and caching server, which provides clients with optimized access to the Internet. In this scenario, you can configure ISA Server to maintain a centralized cache of frequently requested Internet objects that can be accessed by any Web browser client, and use cache rules to manage the cache. In this scenario, you will modify the default firewall policy to allow internal clients access to the Internet. Although all IP addresses are considered to be on the same Internal network, ISA server will deny Web traffic due to the default Deny All rule. You therefore need to create a rule that allows Web traffic to pass between the networks. To enable this caching scenario, you must create an access rule that allows all clients to use HTTP (and HTTPS and FTP, as appropriate). Because the Internal network is uniquely defined to include all addresses, the source and destination networks for this rule should be internal.

3.6.4 Single adapter mode functionality When you install ISA Server on a computer with a single adapter, the following ISA Server features cannot be used:

• • • • • •

Firewall clients Virtual private networking IP packet filtering Multi-network firewall policy Server publishing Application level filtering

This results in a limited security role for ISA Server in your network. Back to Contents 4.0 Feature Walk-through ISA Server supports a highly flexible, multi-networking environment, enabling you to securely connect numerous networks with varying access permissions. Some sample scenarios illustrating the multi-networking environment and functionality are described in the following sections. Note that the scenarios do not illustrate the complete scope of new features included in this release. Rather, they demonstrate some of the more common firewall scenarios that you can deploy using ISA Server. By performing the walk-through steps in a simple laboratory environment, you can become familiar and comfortable with some of the ISA Server 2004 features and with the user interface. We recommend that you always create your ISA Server configuration in a laboratory environment before you try it in production. The scenarios assume a lab configuration connecting an Internal network to the Internet. Various servers are published on a perimeter network (also known as a DMZ, demilitarized zone, or screened subnet). Virtual private network (VPN) clients can access resources on the Internal network. We recommend that you set up three isolated networks in a laboratory environment before deploying a solution in a production environment. The laboratory used in this feature walk-through consists of: • • •

A network simulating your corporate network, called CorpNet. In the walkthrough, CorpNet spans this address range: 10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255. A network simulating the Internet, called MockInternet. In the walk-through, MockInternet spans this address range: 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.255. A perimeter network, called PerimeterNet. In the walk-through, PerimeterNet spans this address range: 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255.

The following figure illustrates the scenario environment.

The figure illustrates the following computers: • •

• •

• • •

Two client computers, referred to as InternalClient1 and InternalClient2, with Windows® XP installed. These computers are on the CorpNet domain. A server, referred to as InternalWebServer, with Windows Server 2003 and Internet Information Services (IIS) installed. This computer is on the CorpNet domain. A domain controller is assumed to be located on the CorpNet. The domain controller is used for client authentication. A computer, referred to as Perimeter_IIS, with Windows Server 2003 installed. IIS is also installed on this computer. The computer is on the PerimeterNet domain. A computer, referred to as External1, with Windows Server 2003 and IIS installed. This computer is on MockInternet. A Web server, referred to as ExternalWebServer. This computer is on MockInternet. A computer, referred to as ISA_1, with Windows Server 2003 and ISA Server 2004 installed. It has three network adapters installed: o The IP address of the adapter connected to CorpNet is 10.0.0.1. o The IP address of the adapter connected to PerimeterNet is 172.16.0.1. o The IP address of the adapter connected to MockInternet is 192.168.0.1.

Note: There are no DNS servers described in the configuration. The scenario assumes that a DNS server is installed on the domain controller on CorpNet. The scenario also assumes that there is name resolution within each network, but not between the networks. The configuration would be similar in a production environment. The differences would be in the use of the default ISA Server defined External network (representing the Internet) rather than MockInternet, and the use of your real IP address ranges for your internal and perimeter networks.

Different computers are required to test the various scenarios. The following table lists which computers are required for each scenario. Scenario 4.1 Export a configuration 4.2 Access the Internet from the Internal network 4.3 Create and configure a restricted computer set 4.4 Create a perimeter network using the Network Template Wizard 4.5 Publish a Web server on the perimeter network 4.6 Publish a Web server on the Internal network 4.7 Configure virtual private networking 4.8 Modify system policy 4.9 Import a configuration

Computers required ISA_1 ISA_1, InternalClient1, ExternalWebServer ISA_1, InternalClient2, External1 ISA_1 ISA_1, External1, Perimeter_IIS ISA_1, InternalWebServer, External1 ISA_1, External1, InternalClient1 ISA_1 ISA_1

Before you begin configuring the following scenarios, verify that the routing tables on the computers are properly configured. On each network, the default gateway must be set to the IP address of the ISA Server computer's adapter for that network. For example, to set the default gateway for Perimeter_IIS, type the following at a command prompt on the Perimeter_IIS computer: route add 0.0.0.0 MASK 0.0.0.0 172.16.0.1

Back to Contents 4.1 Scenario 1: Export a configuration This scenario illustrates the export feature of ISA Server. You can save all or parts of an ISA Server computer's configuration to an .xml file. This enables you to duplicate all or part of a configuration from one ISA Server computer to another, or to preserve a configuration before you make substantial changes, so that you can revert to an earlier configuration. In this scenario, you will export the configuration of the ISA Server computer to an .xml file before you make any of the changes associated with the scenarios that follow. To export the configuration, perform the following steps: 1. Open Microsoft ISA Server Management and click ISA_1. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Export ISA Server Configuration to a File. This will export the configuration of ISA_1, exactly as it is at the time of export.

3. In Export Configuration, in Save in, select the location where you want to save the export file. In File name, type the file name of the .xml file to which you want to export the configuration, such as MyDefaultConfig.xml, and click Export. Notes You can choose to export user permission settings, by selecting Export user permission settings. User permission settings contain the security roles of ISA Server users, for example, indicating who has administrative rights. If you want to export confidential information, select Export confidential information. If you do, confidential information will be encrypted during export. If you export confidential information, you will be prompted to provide a password during the export process. You will need this password when you import the firewall policy configuration. 4. When the export operation has completed, click OK to close the status dialog box. Back to Contents 4.2 Scenario 2: Access the Internet from the Internal network In this scenario, internal clients require secured connectivity to the Internet. The following computers are required: • • •

ISA_1, with at least two network adapters InternalClient1, on CorpNet, to test the scenario ExternalWebServer, on MockInternet, to test the scenario

The goal is to access ExternalWebServer from InternalClient1 through ISA_1. The routing table on InternalClient1 routes all requests for external addresses to the internal IP address of the ISA Server computer (the IP address of the network adapter card that is connected to the Internal network). The ISA Server computer is serving as the default gateway for all Internal network requests for external IP addresses. The following sections describe how to configure the solution: • • • •

4.2.1 Configure the Internal network 4.2.2 Create network rules 4.2.3 Create policy rules 4.2.4 Test the scenario

4.2.1 Configure the Internal network

As part of the setup process, you specified the address range in your Internal network, thereby configuring the Internal network. Verify that the configuration is valid, and that the Internal network contains only addresses on Corpnet. On ISA_1, perform the following steps: 1. Open Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, expand the Configuration node, and click Networks. 2. In the details pane, on the Networks tab, the address ranges included in each network are shown. 3. Verify that only IP addresses of computers on your corporate network are included in the Internal network. Note: If necessary, you can reconfigure the Internal network by double-clicking Internal on the Networks tab to open the Internal Properties dialog box. Select the Addresses tab, and use the Add and Remove buttons to add or remove address ranges from the network. You can also use the Add Adapter button to add all of the IP ranges associated with a particular network adapter, or the Add Private button to add private address ranges. 4. Double-click Internal in the Networks tab to open the Internal Properties dialog box. On the Web Proxy tab, verify that Enable Web Proxy clients is selected, that Enable HTTP is selected, and that in HTTP Port, 8080 is specified, and then click OK.

4.2.2 Create network rules As part of the installation process, a default Internet Access network rule was created. This rule defines a relationship between the Internal network and the External network. To verify the rule configuration, perform the following steps: 1. Expand the Configuration node, and click Networks. 2. On the Network Rules tab, double-click the Internet Access rule to display the Internet Access Properties dialog box. 3. On the Source Networks tab, verify that Internal is listed. If it is not, do the following: a. Click Add. b. In Add Network Entities, click Networks, click Internal, click Add, and then click Close. 4. On the Destination Networks tab, verify that External is listed. If it is not, do the following: a. Click Add. b. In Add Network Entities, click Networks, click External, click Add, and then click Close. 5. On the Network Relationship tab, select Network Address Translation (NAT). 6. Click OK. 7. In the details pane, click Apply to apply changes, if you made any.

4.2.3 Create policy rules To allow the internal client access to the Internet, you must create an access rule allowing the internal clients to use HTTP and HTTPS protocols. Perform the following steps: 1. Click Firewall Policy. On the task pane, select the Tasks tab, and click Create New Access Rule to start the New Access Rule Wizard. 2. On the Welcome page, type the name of the rule. For example, type Allow Internal clients HTTP and HTTPS access to the Internet. Then, click Next. 3. On the Rule Action page, select Allow, and then click Next. 4. On the Protocols page, in This rule applies to, select Selected protocols, and then click Add. 5. In the Add Protocols dialog box, expand Common Protocols. Click HTTP, click Add, click HTTPS, click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 6. On the Access Rule Sources page, click Add. 7. In the Add Network Entities dialog box, click Networks, and then select Internal. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 8. On the Access Rule Destinations page, click Add. 9. In the Add Network Entities dialog box, click Networks, and then select External. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 10. On the User Sets page, verify that All Users is specified. Then, click Next. 11. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 12. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. Note that it may be a few moments before the changes are applied.

4.2.4 Test the scenario To verify that the scenario works, InternalClient1 will access ExternalWebServer on the External network (MockInternet). On InternalClient1, perform the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

On InternalClient1, open Internet Explorer 6.0. In Internet Explorer, click the Tools menu, and then click Internet Options. On the Connections tab, click LAN Settings. In Proxy server, select the Use a proxy server for your LAN check box. In Address, type the computer name of ISA_1 and in Port, type 8080. If there is no DNS server in your lab configuration, use the IP address of ISA_1 rather than its name. 6. Verify that Automatically detect settings is not selected. 7. Close Internet Explorer. Then, reopen Internet Explorer. 8. In Internet Explorer, in Address, type the IP address of ExternalWebServer. Note that if a DNS server is available for name resolution on MockInternet, you can type the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of ExternalWebServer.

If your browser displays the Web page published on ExternalWebServer, InternalClient1 accessed ExternalWebServer, and you have successfully configured this scenario. Back to Contents 4.3 Scenario 3: Create and configure a restricted computer set In this scenario you will create a computer set within the Internal network, and deny it access to the Internet. The following computers are required: • • •

ISA_1 with at least two network adapters. InternalClient2, on CorpNet. ExternalWebServer, on MockInternet, to test the scenario.

The following sections describe how to configure the solution: • • •

4.3.1 Configure the restricted computer set 4.3.2 Restrict access to the Internet 4.3.3 Test the scenario

4.3.1 Configure the restricted computer set The following example uses the IP addresses associated with the lab deployment Internal network: 10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255. In the example, you will create a computer set containing the IP addresses 10.54.0.0–10.55.255.255, which includes InternalClient2. Perform the following steps: 1. Open Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Firewall Policy. 2. On the task pane, select the Toolbox tab, select Network Objects, click New, and then select Computer Set. 3. In Name, type a name for the new computer set, such as Restricted Computer Set. 4. Click Add and select Address Range. 5. In the New Address Range Rule Element dialog box, provide a name for the address range, such as Range for Restricted Computer Set. Provide an IP address range that includes the address of InternalClient2, such as 10.54.0.0– 10.55.255.255, and then click OK. 6. Click OK to close the New Computer Set Rule Element dialog box. 7. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. 8. Save the network configuration to an .xml file, so that if you make a make a configuration change that changes or destroys this network object, you can recover its configuration. On the task pane, in the Toolbox tab, select Network Objects, expand Computer Sets, right-click the newly defined computer set, and select Export Selected. Choose a location in which to save the file containing the

configuration information, and a name that describes its contents, such as Restricted computer set export file. Click Export to export the configuration. 9. When the export operation is complete, click OK to close the status dialog box.

4.3.2 Restrict access to the Internet You can now create an access rule denying Internet access to the computer set. Note that the order of the access rules will affect whether the computer set will be able to access the Internet. ISA Server reads access rules in order, and will allow access if it reads the Internal network allow rule before it reads the Restricted Computer Set deny rule. To create an access rule that denies access from the Restricted Computer Set to the External network, perform the following steps: 1. Click Firewall Policy. In the task pane, select the Tasks tab, and click Create New Access Rule to start the New Access Rule Wizard. 2. On the Welcome page, type the name of the rule. For example, type Deny Restricted Computer Set HTTP and HTTPS access to the Internet. Then, click Next. 3. On the Rule Action page, select Deny, and then click Next. 4. On the Protocols page, in This rule applies to, select Selected protocols, and then click Add. 5. In the Add Protocols dialog box, click Common Protocols. Click HTTP, click Add, click HTTPS, click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 6. On the Access Rule Sources page, click Add. 7. In the Add Network Entities dialog box, click Computer Sets, and then select Restricted Computer Set. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 8. On the Access Rule Destinations page, click Add. 9. In the Add Network Entities dialog box, click Networks, and then select External. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, click Next. 10. On the User Sets page, verify that All Users is specified. Then, click Next. 11. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 12. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. 13. Save the rule to an .xml file so that if you make a basic change, such as running a Network Template Wizard, you can import the rule. In the details pane, right-click the newly defined rule, and select Export Selected. Choose a location in which to save the file containing the rule information, and a name that describes its contents, such as Restricted Computer Set Internet Deny Rule.xml. Click Export to export the rule. 14. When the export operation is complete, click OK to close the status dialog box.

4.3.3 Test the scenario To verify that the scenario works, InternalClient2 in the Restricted Computer Set will try to access ExternalWebServer on the External network (MockInternet).

On InternalClient2, perform the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

On InternalClient2, open Internet Explorer 6.0. In Internet Explorer, click the Tools menu, and then click Internet Options. On the Connections tab, click LAN Settings. In Proxy server, select the Use a proxy server for your LAN check box. In Address, type the computer name (or IP address, if you do not have a DNS server configured) of ISA_1 and in Port, type 8080. 6. Verify that Automatically detect settings is not selected. 7. Close Internet Explorer. Then, reopen Internet Explorer. 8. In Internet Explorer, in Address, type the IP address of ExternalWebServer. Note If a DNS server is available for name resolution on MockInternet, you can type the FQDN of ExternalWebServer. If your browser displays an access denied page, you configured the computer set and deny rule successfully. The deny access rule you created appears first in the list of access rules in the Firewall Policy details pane. If you move it down in order below the Allow Internal clients HTTP and HTTPS access to the Internet allow rule (created in the previous scenario), ISA Server will evaluate the allow rule first, and computers in the Restricted Computer Set will have access to the Internet. To change the order of the deny rule, right-click the rule and select Move Down. After you move the deny rule below the allow rule and apply changes by clicking the Apply button in the details pane, test the Internet access again. InternalClient2 should now have Internet access. If your browser now displays the Web page published on ExternalWebServer, InternalClient2 accessed ExternalWebServer, and you have successfully configured this scenario. Back to Contents 4.4 Scenario 4: Create a perimeter network using the Network Template Wizard In this scenario, you will use the Network Template Wizard to create a perimeter network. To configure this scenario, you will perform the following steps: • •

4.4.1 Create a perimeter network 4.4.2 Restore restricted computer set access rule

4.4.1 Create a perimeter network

You will use the Network Template Wizard to create the perimeter network, and to establish Internet access from the Internal network to the Internet. To create a perimeter network, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, click Configuration, and then click Networks. 2. In the task pane, on the Templates tab, select 3-Leg Perimeter. This starts the Network Template Wizard. 3. On the Welcome page, click Next. 4. On the Export the ISA Server Configuration page, click Export if you want to preserve your current configuration. With this step, you can revert to your current configuration by importing it from the saved file. If you click Export, provide a location and a descriptive file name such as Configuration prior to configuring 3-leg Perimeter, and click Export. 5. On the Export the ISA Server Configuration page, click Next. 6. On the Internal Network IP Addresses page, use the Add and Remove buttons to ensure that only the IP addresses of the Internal network are shown. This would include the IP address of InternalClient1 and the IP address of the network adapter card on ISA_1 that connects to the Internal network. Click Next. 7. On the Perimeter Network IP Addresses page, use the Add and Remove buttons to ensure that only the IP addresses of the perimeter network are shown. This would include the IP address of Perimeter_IIS, and the IP address of the network adapter card on ISA_1 that connects to the perimeter network. Click Next. 8. On the Select a Firewall Policy page, select Allow limited Web access to create an access rule allowing access from the Internal network to the External network (upon completion of the wizard), and then click Next. 9. On the summary page, review the network configuration, and then click Finish. 10. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made using the wizard. Note: The Network Template Wizard creates two network rules: one that creates a route relationship between the perimeter network and the External network (the Perimeter Access rule), and one that creates a NAT relationship between the Internal network and the perimeter network (the Perimeter Configuration rule). Verify that the rules were created by selecting the Network Rules tab in the Networks details pane. A route relationship is bidirectional. Routing is from source to destination and destination to source. A NAT relationship is unidirectional. Routing is from source to destination.

4.4.2 Restore restricted computer set access rule When you ran the Network Template Wizard and applied changes, you removed the restricted computer set and the access rule denying the restricted computer set access to

the Internet. You could create these again, or you can import them from the .xml files you saved when you created the restricted computer set and its access rule. To import the configuration, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, right-click Firewall Policy, and select Import. 2. Provide the location and file name for the exported access rule, such as Restricted Computer Set Internet Deny Rule.xml created in Scenario 3, and click Import. When the import is complete, click OK. 3. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. Note When you import an access rule, you also import the rule elements that it refers to, so there is no need to import the computer set separately. You can import rule elements separately by right-clicking the type of rule element in the task pane, on the Toolbox tab, and selecting Import All. Back to Contents 4.5 Scenario 5: Publish a Web server on the perimeter network In this scenario, a Web server located on the perimeter network will be made available to users on the Internet. You use Web publishing rules to publish Web servers. Web publishing rules require Web listeners, which listen for Web requests. The following computers are required: • • •

ISA_1, with at least three network adapters. Perimeter_IIS, on PerimeterNet, to test the scenario. External1, on MockInternet, to test the scenario.

To configure this scenario, you will perform the following steps: • •

4.5.1 Create a Web publishing rule 4.5.2 Test the scenario

4.5.1 Create a Web publishing rule To create a Web publishing rule allowing a client computer on the Internet (External1) access to a Web server on the perimeter network (Perimeter_IIS), perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Firewall Policy.

2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Publish a Web server to start the New Web Publishing Rule Wizard. 3. On the Welcome page, in Web publishing rule name, type the rule name: Allow External to Perimeter_IIS. Click Next. 4. On the Select Rule Action page, select Allow, and then click Next. 5. On the Define Website to Publish page, in Computer name or IP address, type the IP address or computer name of the Web server to publish, and then click Next. Note: On the Define Website to Publish page, in Folder, you can specify a specific folder to publish. 6. On the Public Name Details page, verify that This domain name is selected. In the text box under This domain name, type the public domain name or IP address of the published website. This is what the user will type in the address field of the browser to access your website. In a laboratory setting where there is no resolvable name, use the IP address of the ISA Server computer's external network adapter. You can specify a folder, which will be appended to the name and is then displayed in Site. Click Next. 7. On the Select Web Listener page, click New to start the New Web Listener Wizard. 8. On the Welcome page of the New Web Listener Wizard, in Web listener name, type the name of the Web listener: Listen on Port 80 of External Network. Then, click Next. 9. On the IP Addresses page, select External, and then click Next. This listener will then listen for requests from the External network. 10. On the Port Specification page, in HTTP port, type 80. Optionally, you can select Enable SSL and an SSL port if you want to publish on HTTPS. This would require you to select a certificate on this page, using the Select button. Click Next. 11. Review the summary page, and then click Finish to close the New Web Listener Wizard. 12. On the Select Web Listener page, click Next. 13. On the User Sets page, verify that All Users is listed in This rule applies to requests from the following user sets. Click Next. 14. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 15. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. Note: You can create and modify Web listeners independently of Web publishing rules. Access to existing Web listeners is through the Web Listeners folder on the Toolbox tab in the Firewall Policy task pane. To create a new Web listener, in the Firewall Policy task pane, on the Toolbox tab, click New, and then select Web Listener.

4.5.2 Test the scenario

To verify that the scenario works, the external client, External1, will access Perimeter_IIS, the HTTP server located on the perimeter network (PerimeterNet). On External1, perform the following steps: 1. Open Internet Explorer. 2. Verify that no proxy client is configured. To do this, on the Tools menu, select Internet Options. On the Connections tab, click LAN Settings. Verify that none of the following check boxes are selected: Automatically detect settings, Use automatic configuration script, and Use a proxy server for your LAN. Click OK to close Internet Options. 3. In Address, type the IP address of the ISA Server computer's external network adapter. If the client accessed the default website on Perimeter_IIS, you successfully configured this scenario. Back to Contents 4.6 Scenario 6: Publish a Web server on the Internal network In this scenario, a Web server located on the Internal network will be made available to users on the Internet. The following computers are required: • • •

ISA_1, with at least two network adapters available. InternalWebServer as the Web server, to test the scenario. External1 on MockInternet as the external client, to test the scenario.

To configure this scenario, you will perform the following steps: • • •

4.6.1 Create network rules 4.6.2 Publish the Web server 4.6.3 Test the scenario

4.6.1 Create network rules Before you verify the network rule defining the network relationship between Internal and External networks, see section 4.2.1 for instructions on validating the configuration of the Internal network. Upon installation, a default network rule, defining a NAT relationship from the Internal network to the External network, was created. On ISA_1, to verify that the rule is properly configured, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, expand the Configuration node, and then click Networks to view the Networks details pane.

2. In the details pane, click the Network Rules tab. You can verify the rule in the details pane, or open the rule properties as described in the following steps. 3. Double-click the Internet Access rule to open Internet Access Properties. 4. On the General tab, ensure that the rule is enabled. 5. On the Source Networks tab, ensure that the Internal network is listed. 6. On the Destination Networks tab, ensure that the External network is listed. 7. On the Network Relationship tab, ensure that Network Address Translation is selected.

4.6.2 Publish the Web server Use Web publishing rules to allow external clients to access the Web server located on the Internal network. Publishing the Web server requires that you create a Web publishing rule. In the process of creating the rule, you will also create a Web listener that specifies on which IP addresses ISA Server will listen for requests for the internal website. If you still have the listener that you created for the perimeter Web publishing scenario, you should use it in this scenario, rather than create a new listener. Note: You can create and modify Web listeners independently of Web publishing rules. Access to existing Web listeners is through the Web Listeners folder on the Toolbox tab in the Firewall Policy task pane. To create a new Web listener, in the Firewall Policy task pane, on the Toolbox tab, click New, and then select Web Listener. To create a Web publishing rule allowing a client computer on the Internet (External1) access to a Web server on the Internal network (InternalWebServer), perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Firewall Policy. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Publish a Web server to start the New Web Publishing Rule Wizard. 3. On the Welcome page, in Web publishing rule name, type the rule name: Allow External to InternalWebServer. Click Next. 4. On the Select Rule Action page, select Allow, and then click Next. 5. On the Define Website to Publish page, in Computer name or IP address, type the IP address or computer name of the Web server to publish. In a laboratory setting where there is no resolvable name, use the IP address of the ISA Server computer's external network adapter. Click Next. Note: On the Define Website to Publish page, in Folder, you can specify a specific folder to publish. In a laboratory setting where there is no DNS server, you would use the same IP address to identify both the perimeter and internal Web servers, so only one will be available at a time, based on which rule appears first in the rule order. In a production deployment, or in a laboratory deployment with

a DNS server, the use of names that are resolved by a DNS server would eliminate this issue. 6. On the Public Name Details page, verify that This domain name is selected. In the text box under This domain name, type the public domain name or IP address of the published website. This is what the user types in the address field of the browser to access your website. You can specify a folder, which will be appended to the name and is then displayed in Site. Click Next. 7. On the Select Web Listener page, click New to start the New Web Listener Wizard. 8. On the Welcome page of the New Web Listener Wizard, in Web listener name, type the name of the Web listener: Listen on Port 80 of External Network. Then, click Next. 9. On the IP Addresses page, select External, and then click Next. This listener will then listen for requests from the External network. 10. On the Port Specification page, in HTTP port, type 80. Optionally, you can select Enable SSL and an SSL port if you want to publish on HTTPS. This would require you to select a certificate on this page, using the Select button. Click Next. 11. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 12. On the Select Web Listener page, click Next. 13. On the User Sets page, verify that All Users is listed in This rule applies to requests from the following user sets. Click Next. 14. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 15. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made.

4.6.3 Test the scenario To verify that the scenario works, the external client, External1, will access InternalWebServer, the HTTP server located on the Internal network (CorpNet). ISA_1 will listen for the requests on behalf of InternalWebServer, and forward them in accordance with the Web publishing rule to InternalWebServer. On External1, perform the following steps: 1. Open Internet Explorer. 2. In Address, type the IP address of the external adapter on ISA_1. If the client accessed the default website on InternalWebServer, you successfully configured this scenario. Back to Contents 4.7 Scenario 7: Configure virtual private networking

In this scenario, ISA Server serves as the VPN server for remote clients connecting to the corporate (Internal) network. The following computers are required: • • •

ISA_1, with at least two network adapters available. External1 on MockInternet, the VPN client, to test the scenario. InternalClient1 on Corpnet, to test the scenario.

The following sections describe how to configure the scenario: • • • • •

4.7.1 Enable VPN client access 4.7.2 Create access rules 4.7.3 Create a Windows user with dial-up permissions 4.7.4 Create a network dial-up connection 4.7.5 Test the scenario

4.7.1 Enable VPN client access In this step, you will enable VPN client access. To allow VPN connections, you must enable virtual private networking. All other VPN client properties will assume the default settings. This includes the default settings for the pool of IP addresses dynamically assigned from the Internal network, which will be available for clients connecting to ISA Server. This solution also assumes a dynamically assigned name resolution server that VPN clients can use to resolve names on the Internal network. To configure the VPN properties, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Virtual Private Networks (VPN). 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Enable VPN Client Access. 3. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. Note: During installation, ISA Server creates a network rule establishing a route relationship between the VPN clients and the Internal network. If you want certain VPN clients to be able to access other networks, you must create an additional network rule. The relationship between the VPN client and the Internal network is a route relationship, because the goal is for the VPN client to transparently become part of the Internal network, and be able to see the computers on the Internal network. If your laboratory configuration does not include a DHCP server that assigns IP addresses to VPN clients, to create a static address pool from which the addresses will be assigned, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Virtual Private Networks (VPN).

2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, under the heading General VPN Configuration, click Define Address Assignments. This opens the Virtual Private Networks (VPN) Properties page Address Assignment tab. 3. Select Static address pool. 4. Click Add. In the IP Address Range Properties dialog box, provide a range of IP addresses that will be assigned to VPN clients. Note that these addresses cannot be from the range of addressees included in the Internal network. 5. Click OK. 6. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made.

4.7.2 Create access rules To allow the VPN clients access to resources on the Internal network, you must create an access rule. Perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand ISA_1, and click Firewall Policy. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Create New Access Rule to start the New Access Rule Wizard. 3. On the Welcome page, type the name of the rule. For example, type Allow VPN clients access to Internal. Then, click Next. 4. On the Rule Action page, select Allow, and then click Next. 5. On the Protocols page, in This rule applies to, select All outbound protocols, to allow VPN clients to access the Internal network on any protocol. Click Next. 6. On the Access Rule Sources page, click Add. 7. In Add Network Entities, click Networks, and then select VPN Clients. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, on the Access Rule Sources page, click Next. 8. On the Access Rule Destinations page, click Add. 9. In Add Network Entities, click Networks, and then select Internal. Click Add, and then click Close. Then, on the Access Rule Destinations page, click Next. 10. On the User Sets page, verify that All Users is specified. Click Next. 11. Review the summary page, and then click Finish. 12. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes you made. Note: You can restrict which protocols the VPN clients can use when communicating with the Internal network by selecting Selected protocols in step 5. In this case, be sure to include the DNS Query protocol, so that VPN clients can resolve the names of computers on the Internal network. You could also create a rule allowing only certain users access to specific computers, or to parts of your corporate network that you have defined separately from the Internal network.

4.7.3 Create a Windows user with dial-up permissions

For a VPN client to dial in to the network, you must create a user with dial-in permissions on CorpNet. The user can be a domain user or a local user on the ISA Server computer. The VPN client will authenticate as this user. Perform the following steps: 1. On ISA_1, open Computer Management by right-clicking My Computer on the desktop and selecting Manage. 2. In Computer Management, click Computer Management (Local), expand System Tools, and click Local Users and Groups. 3. In the details pane, right-click Users, and then click New User. 4. Type the user details, and then click Create. 5. In the details pane, double-click Users to display the list of users, right-click the new user, and then click Properties. 6. On the Dial-in tab, select Allow access, and then, click OK.

4.7.4 Create a network dial-up connection The VPN client creates a new connection that can be used to dial in to the CorpNet. On External1, perform the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Click Start, select Control Panel, and then double-click Network Connections. On the File menu, select New Connection to open the New Connection Wizard. On the Welcome screen, click Next. On the Network Connection Type page, select Connect to the network at my workplace, and then click Next. 5. On the Network Connection page, select Virtual Private Network connection, and then click Next. 6. On the Connection Name page, in Company Name, type Connect to ISA_1, and then click Next. 7. On the Public Network page, select whether you want Windows to automatically dial the initial connection to the network, and which connection to dial, and then click Next. 8. On the VPN Server Selection page, in Host name or IP address, provide the IP address of the external network adapter card of ISA_1, and then click Next. 9. On the Connection Availability page, select My use only to ensure that the VPN connection will only be used when you are logged on to the client computer, and then click Next. 10. Review the summary page, and then click Finish.

4.7.5 Test the scenario To verify that the scenario works, the VPN client, External1, will access a computer on the Internal network. On External1, perform the following steps: 1. Click Start, click Connect To, and then click Connect to ISA_1. 2. In ISA_1\User name, type the name of the user you created in Section 4.7.4. Then, click Connect.

If the connection is created, you successfully configured this scenario. Back to Contents 4.8 Scenario 8: Modify System Policy We recommend that you disable elements of the system policy that you are not going to use. This scenario demonstrates how to disable Terminal Server remote management of ISA Server. To disable Terminal Server remote management of ISA Server, perform the following steps: 1. In Microsoft ISA Server Management, expand the ISA Server computer node, and click Firewall Policy. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Edit System Policy to open the System Policy Editor. 3. Under Configuration Groups, locate Remote Management and select Terminal Server. 4. On the General Tab, clear the Enable check box, and then click OK. 5. In the details pane, click Apply to apply the changes. Back to Contents 4.9 Scenario 9: Import a configuration This scenario illustrates the export and import feature of ISA Server. This scenario relates to Scenario 1, Export a configuration. In this scenario, you will perform the following procedures: 1. 4.9.1 Export current configuration 2. 4.9.2 Import old and new configurations

4.9.1 Export current configuration To export the current configuration to an .xml file, perform the following steps: 1. Open Microsoft ISA Server Management and click ISA_1. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Export ISA Server Configuration to a File. This will export the configuration of ISA_1, exactly as it is at the time of export. 3. In Export Configuration, in Save in, select the location where you want to save the export file. In File name, type the file name of the .xml file to which you want to export the configuration, such as MyNewConfig.xml, and click Export.

Notes: You can choose to export user permission settings, by selecting Export user permission settings. User permission settings contain the security roles of ISA Server users, for example, indicating who has administrative rights. If you want to export confidential information, select Export confidential information. If you do, confidential information will be encrypted during export. If you export confidential information, you will be prompted to provide a password during the export process. You will need this password when you import the firewall policy configuration. 4. When the export operation is complete, click OK to close the status dialog box.

4.9.2 Import old and new configurations To import configurations, perform the following steps: 1. Open Microsoft ISA Server Management and click ISA_1. 2. In the task pane, on the Tasks tab, click Import from an Exported ISA Server Configuration File. 3. In Import Configuration, in File name, type or browse to the file name of the .xml file you created in Scenario 1 (MyDefaultConfig.xml), and then click Import. If you are importing confidential information, you will be prompted to provide a password in the Type Password to Open File dialog box. Note: You can choose to import user permission settings, by selecting Import user permission settings. You can also choose to import cache drive settings and SSL certificate usage configuration by selecting Import cache drive settings and SSL certificates. This may be inappropriate when copying a policy to another server, because these selections tend to be specific to a particular server. 4. Check the details pane of the Firewall Policy and Networks nodes, and verify that the perimeter network and the rules you created in scenarios 2 through 7 are no longer present. If so, the import succeeded, and the ISA Server computer is now configured as it was before you completed scenarios 2 through 7. 5. Repeat the procedure, this time importing the configuration you saved to MyNewConfig.xml. The perimeter network and the rules you created in scenarios 2 through 7 should now be in place. 6. In the details pane, click Apply to apply changes, if you want the changes made by the restore operation to be applied.