Introduction To Ccna Exam

Introduction to CCNA Exam

General Certifications

General Certifications

CCNA Certification

Cisco Icons and Symbols

Networking Devices

Repeater

Used to repower or to amplify the signal strength but no assessments of the data content or addressing.

Networking Devices

Hubs

Used to forward data frames using the same technique as of repeater . It is also called multi port repeater. It has no efficiency to block collisions or broadcasting

Networking Devices

Bridge & Switch Both bridge and switch were software specific and both programmed with ASIC. More over switch can also control broadcast domain. Collision domain could also be managed. Switch is also termed as multi port bridge.

Networking Devices

Routers Routers are internetworking device with the extraordinary efficient functionality includes translation between multiple ip networks, ip packet filtering and network address translation. It has exceptional range to communicate with WAN technologies as well.

Networking Devices

Transceiver Access Point

Access Point & Transceiver Access Point is a server enabled device that is majorly used to distribute wireless connections. Transceivers are used to receive and react in the available access point network.

Internetworking

• • •

Two or more stations when interlinked to one another to exchange information & addresses, they are said to be interconnected. Interconnection involves exchange of MAC and IP Address, determination of ports and protocols and bilateral handshakes. Interconnection involves all layers of modern networking.

Defining Components of the Network Home  Office 

Mobile  Users Internet

Branch Office 

Main Office

Defining the Components of a Network (cont.)

Branch  Office

Floor 2 Server Farm ISDN

Floor 1

Telecommuter

Remote

Campus

Network Structure Defined by Hierarchy Core Layer

Distribution  Layer

Access Layer

OSI Model Overview

OSI Model Overview Application  (Upper)  Layers

Application Presentation Session Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link  Physical

Data Flow  Layers

Role of Application Layers EXAMPLES Application

Presentation

Session Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link  Physical

User Interface

Telnet FTP

• How data is presented • Special processing  such as encryption

ASCII EBCDIC JPEG

Keeping different  applications’  data separate

Operating System/ Application Access  Scheduling

Role of Data Flow Layers Application Presentation

EXAMPLES

Session

• Reliable or unreliable delivery • Error correction before retransmit

TCP UDP SPX

Network 

Provide logical addressing which  routers use for path determination

IP IPX

Data Link

• Combines bits into bytes and  bytes into frames • Access to media using MAC address • Error detection not correction

802.3 / 802.2 HDLC

Physical 

• Move bits between devices • Specifies voltage, wire speed and  pin­out cables

EIA/TIA­232 V.35

Transport 

Encapsulating Data Application Presentation Session

Upper Layer Data TCP Header

Transport 

Upper Layer Data

IP Header

Data

LLC Header

Data

FCS

MAC Header

Data

FCS

0101110101001000010

(Protocol Data Unit)

PDU

Segment

Network 

Packet

Data Link

Frame

Physical 

Bits

Introduction to TCP/IP

Department of Defense (DoD)

Introduction to TCP/IP

Introduction to TCP/IP TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a set of rules (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. Using UDP, programs on networked computers can send short messages sometimes known as datagrams (using Datagram Sockets ) to one another. UDP is sometimes called the Universal Datagram Protocol or Unreliable Datagram Protocol.

Introduction to TCP/IP

Introduction to TCP/IP