Intro To Plants Ch 12.1 7th Pdf

Chapter 12 Section 1

 Identify

4 characteristics that all plants

share  Describe  Explain

the 4 main groups of plants

the origin of plants

 Theophrastus

(c. 372-287 BCE)

• Aristotle’s student • One of the 1st botanists • Directed the Lyceum in Athens – housed the 1st

botanical garden

 What

would you eat if there were no plants??

 Almost

all food is made from plants and animals that eat plants

 Plants

share these characteristics:

• 1. Photosynthesis • 2. Cuticles

• 3. Cell walls • 4. Reproduction

 Why

are plants green?

• Chlorophyll: green pigment that captures light

energy from sunlight

• Found in chloroplasts (organelles) • Use energy from sunlight to make food from CO2 &

H 20

• Producers

 Plants

are protected by a cuticle

• Waxy layer that coats most of the surfaces of

plants that are exposed to air • Keeps plants from drying out

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3101/3109866149_2dc2a7083f.jpg

 How

do plants stay upright?

• They have cell walls (not skeletons like animals) • Lies outside the cell membrane

• Carbohydrates and proteins form a hard material • They support and protect the plant cell • Some plants form a secondary cell wall at maturity

http://www.uvm.edu/~inquiryb/webquest/fa06/mvogenbe/plantcell.jpg

2

stages in life cycle:

• Sporophyte stage:  Plants make spores  Some spores will grow in damp soil • Gametophyte stage:  New plants that form from spores in damp soil  Female: Produce eggs (sex cells)  Male: Produce sperm (sex cells)  Fertilized egg grows into a sporophyte

• Nonvascular Plants • Vascular Plants:  Seedless plants  Non-flowering seed plants  Flowering seed plants

A

plant that does not have specialized tissues to move water and nutrients through the plant

 Depend  These

on diffusion to move materials

plants are small

 Ex: mosses, liverworts, hornworts

http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/plants-gardening/plants/moss/examples-mosses.jpg

A

plant that has tissues to deliver water and nutrients from one part of the plant to another

 Can 3

be any size

groups…

3

groups:

• Seedless  Ex: Ferns, horsetails, and club mosses • Non-flowering Seed Plants  Called Gymnosperms • Flowering Seed Plants  Called Angiosperms

http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/taxonomy/plants/spermatophyta/gymnosperms/other%2 0pines/JSC%209805&06%20male%20&%20female%20pine%20cones%203.JPG http://www.digitalapoptosis.com/archives/CRC/BigFerns.jpg

http://www.biology4kids.com/extras/dtop_plants/monkeyflower_580.jpg

 Where

did plants come from?

 Some

scientists believe that green algae and plants share a common ancestor • Same kind of chlorophyll

• Similar cell walls • Photosynthesis • Store energy in the form of starch

• 2-stage life cycle

 How

is a plant’s size related to its method of transporting water and nutrients?

 What

is required for a spore to grow into a new plant?