Internet

PSZ Research Information Training Modules

Sumber Maklumat Penyelidikan :

INTERNET

Updated : April 2005

Objektif Pencarian Maklumat INTERNET : Mengumpul maklumat bidang penyelidikan melalui pelbagai sumber maklumat daripada Internet Mahir menggabung & menggunakan teknik pencarian maklumat Internet utk memperoleh maklumat terkini  ‘surfing’ Internet bagi menjana maklumat penyelidikan

Isi kandungan Pengenalan Aplikasi Internet Tips Pencarian Maklumat melalui INTERNET Teknik Pencarian Maklumat Internet

Pengenalan

World Wide Web (WWW) Protokol :

HTTP

definisi: sets of rules allow for intermachine communication on the Internet.

(HyperText Transfer Protocol)

Dihasilkan melalui :

HTML ( bhs aturcara)

Lain-lain bhs aturcara :

Java, JavaScript, XML dll

Internet Service Provider MIMOS - JARING Network .my

http://www.jaring

Telekom Malaysia – TMNet http://www.telekom.com.my Maxis Malaysia http://www.maxis.net.my/ http://www.putra.net.my/ Silicon Internet http://www.silicon.net.my

Aplikasi INTERNET • • • • • • • • •

Telnet WS-FTP E-mail discussion groups WS-Ping Netscape Navigator/Communicator MicroSoft Internet Explorer Mosaic Pegasus/Eudora Mail/MS OutLook mIRC

Aplikasi INTERNET

TELNET : benarkan penggunaan pangkalan data atas talian, katalog perpustakaan melalui Internet. -- Hanya teks -- Perlu kenalpasti alamat utk log ke telnet,cth locis.loc.gov atau no (140.147.254.3) atau port no : telnet nri.reston.va.us 185. FTP ( File Transfer Protocol ) : mengandungi sumber maklumat buku, artikel, sofwer, games, multimedia, course work, dll -- boleh perolehi fail FTP files melalui enjin pencarian, cth CGI, ActiveEngine Server http://acadien.com/search/ Pages: CGI (Common Gateway FTP Search Interface) -- program utk memproses borang di laman web. -- Cth. memproses borang tempahan Amazon.com

Aplikasi INTERNET

E-MAIL DISCUSSION GROUPS sumber maklumat penyelidikan boleh diperolehi melalui kumpulan diskusi online. Cth -- listservs : Tile.net http://tile.net/ -- Majordomo and Listproc active discussions organized around topic-oriented forums distributed by e-mail. -- Usenet News - a global electronic bulletin board system - computer users exchange information on a vast range of topics - Usenet is a set of machines that exchanges messages, or articles, from Usenet discussion forums, called newsgroups.

Aplikasi INTERNET

FAQ ( Frequently Asked Questions ) -- FAQs available by subscribing to individual Usenet newsgroups --- A Web-based collection of FAQ resources has been collected by The Internet FAQ Consortium at http://www.faqs.org/. RFC ( Request for Comments ) -- These are documents created by and distributed to the Internet community to help define the nuts and bolts of the Internet. -- contain both technical specifications and general information. FYI (For Your Information ) -- subset RFCs -- contain information of interest to new Internet users -- available link : http://library.albany.edu/reference/faqs.html.



Contoh Aplikasi INTERNET

Aplikasi INTERNET

MUD/MUSH/MOO/MUCK/DUM/MUSE MUD ( Multi User Dimension ) -- multi-user virtual reality games based -- kini ada dlm bentuk grafik -- maklumat boleh dilayari di http://www.faqs.org/

Tips Pencarian Maklumat melalui INTERNET  Tips pencarian INTERNET  Sumber maklumat terpilih Internet  Panduan Memilih Alat Pencarian Maklumat

TIPS PENCARIAN INTERNET 1. KENALPASTI TOPIK APA yang diingini sebelum memilih alat pencarian 2. 3 sumber utama perolehan sumber maklumat Internet : -- subject directory (direktori perkara) -- search engine (enjin pencarian) -- deep Web ( pangkalan data di dalam Internet) subject directory sesuai utk research oriented queries, (yang melibatkan ekplorasi mengenai sesuatu topik) http://infomine.ucr.edu/ search engine sesuai untuk pencarian am, multi-konsep dan targeted queries

TIPS PENCARIAN INTERNET No 2 samb Deep Web sesuai utk targeted queries / apabila mencari maklumat non-tekstual cth http://www.invinsible-web.net/

Komponen Enjin Pencarian

•Spider: Program yg melalui Web drp link ke link utk kenalpasti & membaca setiap laman berkenaan •Index: Pangkalan data yg mengandungi salinan setiap laman Web yang telah dikumpul oleh Spider •Search engine mechanism: Softwer yang benarkan pengguna membuat aktiviti pencarian and hasil pencarian akan dipaparkan mengikut turutan yang relevan Cth :

TIPS PENCARIAN INTERNET 3. Mahir gunakan Boolean (AND, OR, NOT) sangat bermanafaat dalam membuat pencarian di Web 4. Mahir menggunakan lain-lain strategi pencarian membantu pengguna mendapatkan lebih banyak maklumat yang relevan 5. Meta search engines mencari maklumat secara serentak daripada pelbagai enjin pencarian di dalam Web. Dikenali juga sbg : parallel search engines, multithreaded search engines, mega search engines -- sangat berguna bila : • topik anda samar • tidak berjumpa apa pun maklumat berkaitan topik • pencarian tidak begitu kompleks • anda hanya mahu sebahagian kecil sahaja maklumat yang relevan

Cadangan laman web untuk memperolehi maklumat awal mengikut bidang penyelidikan / pengajian  The Librarians' Index to the Internet. http://lii.org/. Dikenali sebagai “ the thinking person's Yahoo.“ The WWW Virtual Library -- http://www.vlib.org/ Mengandungi individual subject collections; diurus oleh pelbagai universiti di seluruh pelusuk dunia INFOMINE -- http://infomine.ucr.edu/ Large directory of Web sites of scholarly interest compiled by the University of California.

Cadangan Search engines untuk memperolehi maklumat awal mengikut bidang penyelidikan / pengajian Google. Teoma. Ixquick Vivisimo ProFusion.

Link:

http://ixquick.com/

Virtual Learning Centres

http://www.virtuallrc.com/

Link http://www.teoma.com/

Link

http://vivisimo.com/

link http://www.profusion.com/

Termasuk bidang Sains & Teknologi

SUMBER MAKLUMAT TERPILIH INTERNET • Subject directories • Web search engines • Meta search engines • Maklumat yang disimpan di dalam pangkalan data ‘live’ deep Web • Sertai e-mail discussion groups atau Usenet newsgroup utk dapatkan maklumat penyelidikan

Panduan Memilih Alat Pencarian Maklumat Jenis Pencarian

Cadangan ‘Tools’

Topik secara umum Mencari pelbagai aspek topik penyelidikan Mencari koleksi laman yg dicadang oleh pakar Mahu ‘browse’ lain-lain ‘possibilities’ topik

Gunakan Subjek direktories ; utk akademik & profesional

Mencari aspek topik penyelidikan melalui senarai tersusun , bukan senarai yg berjela-jela Mahu hasil pencarian disusun secara ‘clustering concept’

Gunakan clustering search engines; iBoogie, GuideBeam, Query Server, Vivisimo

Panduan Memilih Alat Pencarian Jenis PencarianMaklumat Cadangan ‘Tools’ Topik bersifat lebih spesifik Topik mengandungi lebih daripada satu konsep Topik masih samar mencari laman web yang spesifik Mencari domain tertentu, jenis fail, lokasi geografi dll

Gunakan :  Peer ranking search engines ( googles, Teoma)  Search engines umum  Meta search engines (fazzle, ixquick, dll)

Mencari istilah pencarian tertentu , cth persoalan ‘apa istilah pencarian yg patut saya gunakan untuk menyelidik topik saya? Istilah pencarian masih kabur

Gunakan thesauruscreating search engines ( SurfWax )

Panduan Memilih Alat Pencarian Jenis Pencarian Maklumat Cadangan ‘Tools’ Mencari maklumat yang sering berubah (cth harga saham, senarai peguam dll) Mencari maklumat terkini sesuatu topik Mencari non-textual files (sofwer, grafik, multimedia, pdf files, dll) Mencari maklumat berbentuk pangkalan data ( cth direktori, buku panduan telefon dll)

Gunakan Deep Web:  specialized search engines  (FindSounds.com, SpeechBot, dll) Specialized search offerings (AltVista, Hotbot ) Search Engines Umum Directories Koleksi pkln data Web (Invisible-web.net, ProFusion, Turbo10)

Teknik Pencarian Maklumat Internet Penggunaan Konsep Boolean

PENGENALAN  Internet adalah GEDUNG BESAR Pangkalan Data  Oleh itu, untuk mencari isi kandungan Internet perlu menggunakan kaedah pencarian pangkalan data  Pencarian maklumat pangkalan data menggunakan konsep Boolean (AND, OR, NOT )

3 Aplikasi Boolean Internet : 1. Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) -- Contoh web :AllTheWeb Advanced Search ; Dogpile ; HotBot ; Ixquick ; ProFusion -- Full Boolean logic with parentheses, cth. behavior and (cats or felines) Ixquick ; MSN Search Advanced Search 8. Implied Boolean +/Contoh web : AllTheWeb Advanced Search ; AltaVista More Precision Google Advanced Search ; Lycos Advanced Search ; MSN Search Advanced Search

Full Boolean Vs Implied Boolean Vs Template Terminology Full Boolean

Implied Boolean

Konsep

AND, OR NOT (by words)

+ ,-, (), “ “ (by symbol)

OR

College and universities

College universities

AND

poverty AND crime

+poverty +crime

NOT or ANDNOT

Poverty NOT crime

Poverty - crime

Template Terminology - template is fill by user -Boolean menu is provided - any of these words can contain the words should contain the words - all of these words must contain the words - must not contain the words - should not contain the words

Pemilihan Enjin Pencarian / Direktori Internet

Klik di sini untuk melihat panduan memilih enjin p yang sesuai untuk aktiviti pencarian maklumat

Senarai Meta Search Engines Chubba – maklumat dictionary/thesaurus & encyclopedia •Copernic – maklumat multiple engines &directories; removes duplicates and dead links,; highlights search terms & variety of search & retrieval options Dogpile – maklumat drp 20+ search engines. Ada clustering hasil pencarian melalui keyword atau topik Fazzle - maklumat several search services on the Web, downloads, images, video & maklumat dari deep Web •GenieKnows - 25+ engines and directories ; sources to search on consumer input; searches of multimedia types iBoogie – maklumat drp Web & multimedia ; real-time concept clustering of results

Senarai Meta Search Engines •InfoGrid – meta & news searching; maklumat drp Open Directory, topical InfoGrids, free download •Infonetware - categorizes search results into component subtopics with options to select multiple topics for a new set of topics and a filtered results list •Ithaki - searches engines, directories, and also numerous deep Web sources Ixquick - search engines, directories, news and MP3 files; ranks results based on top ten rankings from the source sites; allows any type of search syntax and will translate and direct your search accordingly

Senarai Meta Search Engines •Kartoo - categorizes content into relevant concepts and sites and displays results on a graphical map; requires Flash or offers an HTML version

Virtual Learning Resources Center - searches several high quality directories; also offers its own directory Vivisimo - searches multiple engines and directories and organizes results into topical categories •ZapMeta - organizes results by relevance, popularity,

Senarai Deep Web http://www.invisibleweb.com/ http://www.invisible-web.net/ Directory of over 10,000 databases by InteliSeek http://www.search.com/ Directory of high quality databases on the Web especially useful to researchers by Search.Com

Direktori Web Akademic & Professional Academic Info– link kepada maklumat penyelidikan berdasarkan sumber maklumat Internet. Mengandungi pembahagian bidang perkara. http://www.academicinfo.net/ •AllLearn: Academic Directories – panduan maklumat dalam Internet berkaitan dengan subjek di bidang akademik oleh Oxford, Stanford, and Yale Universities http://www.allianceforlifelonglearning.org/er/directories. cgi

•The Best Information on the Net (BIOTN) – koleksi sumber maklumat akademik di St. Ambrose University (Iowa) http://library.sau.edu/bestinfo/Default.htm

Direktori Web Akademik & Professional •InfoSurf - academic subject resources from the University of California at Santa Barbara •The Internet Public Library - large, selective collection from the University of Michigan •Librarians' Index to the Internet - carefully chosen, organized, and annotated directory •maintained by a large group of librarians in California

Direktori Web Akademik & Professional •The Scout Report Archives - searchable database of 10,000+ critical summaries of Internet resources for the academic and research community included in the Scout Reports •Scout Select Bookmarks - collection of meta-sites in several subject areas •Subject Guides A to Z - extensive collection of subject pages from the University of Delaware Library •The WWW Virtual Library - highly respected guides to many disciplines sponsored by the W3 Consortium •http://www.terrapub.co.jp/ - free full text content from Terrra Scientific Pub.Co, Japan

Direktori Web Akademik & Professional •BUBL Link - UK funded project of selective resources from the University of Strathclyde Library in Glasgow, Scotland http:// bubl.ac.uk/link/ •INFOMINE - collection of scholarly Internet resources , maintained by several libraries, including those from the University of California http://infomine.ucr.edu/ •Resource Discovery Network - searchable interface to major meta-sites in academic disciplines • including Business, EEVL - Engineering, Mathmatics and Computing, Humbul Humanities Hub, PsiGate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway, and SOSIG - Social Science Information Gateway. See also PINAKES, A Subject Launchpad for another way into these 42 sites

TERIMA KASIH ! Jabatan Sokongan Penyelidikan PSZ 2005

Rujukan : Cohen, Laura (2004) . Internet Tutorial. University Albany; New York. link : http://library.albany.edu/internet/

Contact no : 07-5530199 / 30027 / 30076 / 30280