Information Technology And Society

IT ENABLED SOCIETY Information technology which has revolutionized entire business world has also laid down the foundation of a future society. A society where IT will play a very significant role in everybody’s life. Few of the areas where IT can provide development are as follows: 1. Democracy: Democratic sectors like government, elected representatives, political parties, citizens and voters can use the information and communication technology with in the political process of local communities, states, regions, nation and on global stage. 1.1 E-voting: The voter with the use of dedicated link to the polling site can do online voting which is still a dream in India. Online voting will help NRIs to take part in election. Also far flung areas can be connected to the election process. 1.2 E-citizen: There will be more active participation of citizen enabled by internet, mobile communication which will help in more participatory forms of direct citizen involvement in efforts to address public challenges. 2. Governance: Irrespective of rural or urban area, distance will be shortened using information technology. In such a situation an electronic connectivity should emerge between the various State and Central Government Departments for fully committed transparent administration. A networked database with real time updated data exchange will ensure speedy service to the people under one roof for all their government/non-government service requirement. Transparency will have to emerge in governance. 2.1 Online consultation: The government can make its consultation framework online. This can be done by having special portal dedicated to open consultation across the government. 3. Disaster management: Through the application of information technology tools sufferings can be minimized. Internet: A well defined website can provide a new and potentially revolutionary option for the rapid, automatic, and global dissemination of disaster information. A number of individuals and groups, including several national meteorological services, can experiment with the Internet for realtime dissemination of weather observation, forecasts, satellite and other data. 3.1 Drought: A database can be maintain of all the land samples gathered from satellite which can be used to target potential ground water sites for taking up well-digging programmes. Also the database provides valuable tools for evaluating areas subject to desertification. 3.2 Flood: In case of flood data can be effectively used for mapping and monitoring the flood inundated areas, flood damage assessment, flood hazard zoning and post-flood survey of rivers configuration and protection works.

3.3 Landslide: Depending upon the methodology adopted and the comprehensiveness of the input data used, a landslide hazard zonation map can be built which will be able to provide help concerning location,-extent of the slop area likely to be affected, and rate of mass movement of the slope mass. 4

Green technology: IT can be very helpful in reducing the global warming and promoting the green and clean technology. As more and more service sector will come into existence and IT will prevail in every sector as an efficiency enhancer, therefore the information technology provider should provide devices which produce very low heat and pollutants. Right from the home to offices all the hardware should be so efficient and clean that the global warming be in limit. IT as a largest service provider in the society will play a major role in motivating the employee towards the responsibility towards the nature. IT employee can become the model for the common man in conserving the nature and spreading the awareness among common mass as these employees are young and juvenile. IT offices can become an epitome for all the other sectors as they will develop into one of the most clean, green and efficient office using 100% renewable source of energy.

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Education: One of the basic requirements of a society to make future generation eligible to understand the need for development is education. As we have vision to be a developed country by 2020 higher education has become essential for both students and parents. However, scarcity of good teachers is visible everywhere. Good teaching and interactive teaching are possible through tele-education and inspired teachers. The education system will become very advance with a vision of PC at every home, books will be largely replaced by soft-books at school level. Teachers in the villages can easily interact with their counterpart in cities and learn from each others experiences. An association of teachers can work online to discuss the new ways of improving the education, to make it more competitive where both rural and urban students’ intelligence level can bring to equal level. At school level the teacher can make student understand a concept with the help of the live images from all around the world. 3D software will help in providing much better understanding to the students of the 3D figures like hemisphere, cuboids which they use to understand on books using imagination power only.

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Medical and health: Medical Informatics will be the key word in the health and medical. It is managing medical and health care through information science and technology. MI deals with the entire domain of medicine and

health care, from computer-based patient records to image processing and from primary care practices to hospitals and regions of health care. Effective computerised systems and procedures will be implemented to ensure proper utilisation of limited resources toward cost-effective quality health care and the patient satisfaction. Before deciding to go for such system one should have some insight to the implementation of the different modules and evolving user-friendly computerised systems, which are loved and cared by all. Computer-based patient record: Physicians and health administrators can efficiently retrieve data for consequent research from the computerised medical records. Good clinical research needs accurate and detailed clinical information and they significantly improve the medical care. This detailed information can even be used for other processes in the business of medical and health care. The knowledge of advantages and disadvantages of different systems available for recording and codifying are important. Knowledge-based and expert systems: The rapid evolution of technology and clinical research makes it difficult even for the specialist to keep up. In the light of this ’information explosion’, it has been demonstrated that physicians do not always make optimal decisions. A computer-assisted diagnostic support system (CAD) generates diagnostic hypothesis from a set of patient data. It can be used simultaneously with the doctor-patient consultation. The knowledge-based system (KBS) is designed to meet the knowledge gaps of the individual physician with specific patient problems. KBS and such other expert systems (ES) can be a boon to the rural health centres because even the general medical practitioners can operate the systems. Computer-assisted medical decision making and knowledge- based systems are ideal examples of artificial intelligence. Surgical simulations: The advancement in imaging technology and high performance computer hardware and software have made it possible for the surgeons to intuitively explore the complex data to determine the best form of treatment in the most difficult pathologic conditions.The development of 3-D interactive anatomic road map for a particular patient’s disease and anatomy enables the surgeon to have accurate pre-operative assessment Virtual environment: In the simulated world of virtual environments, the surgeon can plan and practise surgical procedures. The computer-generated surgical simulation has great potential. The virtual reality is valuable where the anatomy is complex and the surgical problem is difficult. This advanced technology can become an adjunctive training aid to the residents in training and the experienced surgeons. Patient education On the Internet, patients can quickly obtain the latest information on support groups, therapeutic modalities, late-breaking research, and individual coping strategies. If clinicians incorporate some sort of Computer-assisted patient

education in their practice that can empower their patients to make the right individual decisions. 7. Public network: It represents the strategic use of IT to better implement established public policy goals and programs through direct and diverse stakeholder involvement online. Public net-work is a selective, yet public, approach that uses two-way online information exchange to carry out previously determined government policy. Hurdles: But there are always some pros and cons, one side if IT will shape a new society on the other there will be too much use of technology that a persons no more remain full of human emotions, every work will be done by the machine. May be a persons desire for word of appreciation to hear like “what a delicious coffee u made”. Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded that IT which has revolutionized the last 2 decades will surely going to shape a new society where right from the birth a child will be prosper in the environment of technology, amenities, where everything is with in the reach of him.

By: Harish Singh Papola PGDM 1ST year Jaipuria Institute of Management Noida