Imbalance Of Acid-and-base
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IMBALANCE OFACID AND BASE
赵高峰 PH.D 郑州大学一附院胸外科
Types of imbalance
Acidosis-----alkalosis Respiratory-----metabolic
Metabolic Acidosis
CONCEPT: metabolic causes result in more acidic materials(absolutely or/and relatively)accumulating in the body.causing symptoms and signs.----ph<7.35--acidosis.
Common reasons
Septic liquid loss from the inferior gastrointestinal tract Oligurea More acid produced(cardiac arresst,shock,thrill,infection,fever,injury,diabetes, et al) Others(exertion,tumor,et al)
manifestation
Myasthynea Deep and quick breath(reddish face and checks,lips,ears et al) Blood pressure---unstable or decreased Pulse---rapid ,mild Arrhythmia(heart rate decreased ) Others:spiritual and sycholi
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic reasons result in more basic materials in the body(absolutely or relatively)---causing symptoms and signs
Causes
Septic liquid loss from upper gastrointestinal tract (vomit,decompression of GI,et al) Basic materials ---intake too much(5%NaHco3 et al) Hypopotassemia Cl decreased ----alkalosis
Manifestations
Mild and slow breath Spiritual and sycholi symptoms and signs
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory reasons ---- chest and lung diseases (Chest wall traumas,lung edema,CB,stenosis of T or/and B,et al)resulting in more CO2 accumulating in the body -----symptoms and signs
Causes of R-Acidosis
Deep anesthynia , cardiac arresst, Pneumotharox Lung edema Stenosis of T or/and B Wrong use of respirator(Res—rate,vital volume)
manefestations
Masthymia Dyspnea----cyanosis BP unstable or decreased ,pulse---rapid and mild, others
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory reasons---high fever,nervous,injury to the head/brain,et al----less CO2 left in the body----symptoms and signs.
Causes of Res--alkalosis
Fever Cry Injury to the brain Be nervous Wrong use of respirator(Res—rate,Vital—volume)
manifestations
Slow and mild breath Others---spiritual and sycholi -----benumbed extremeties,thrill of the fingers et al
Diagnostic Rules
Case history Manifestations Lab tests-----PH HCO3 Pco2
Lab tests
PH 7.35---7.45 <<7.56>> Hco3 8----12mmol/l metabolic factor // basic material <<25mmol/l>> Paco2 35---45mmol/l-----Respiratory factors acidic material <<25mmol/l>> Independent and interrelated
Treatments
Acidosis-----basic medicine 5%NaHco3 Alkalosis----acidic medicine Hcl Metabolic imbalance----severe----medicine Respiratory imbalance-----no medicine used commonly(change the Res types---CO2----)
SUMMARRY
Water Electrolyte Acid---base
WATER
Physiological volume----2000—2500ml Additional loss of water-------supply this as the same as the loss //Today Lost water-----before today // the lost total water volume-----mild 2% moderate 4% severe 6% of the weight------1/2—1/3 of the total should be given to the patient.
You are dismissed All is over See you next year
You are NO .1
赵高峰 PH.D 郑州大学一附院胸外科
Types of imbalance
Acidosis-----alkalosis Respiratory-----metabolic
Metabolic Acidosis
CONCEPT: metabolic causes result in more acidic materials(absolutely or/and relatively)accumulating in the body.causing symptoms and signs.----ph<7.35--acidosis.
Common reasons
Septic liquid loss from the inferior gastrointestinal tract
manifestation
Myasthynea Deep and quick breath(reddish face and checks,lips,ears et al) Blood pressure---unstable or decreased Pulse---rapid ,mild Arrhythmia(heart rate decreased ) Others:spiritual and sycholi
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic reasons result in more basic materials in the body(absolutely or relatively)---causing symptoms and signs
Causes
Septic liquid loss from upper gastrointestinal tract (vomit,decompression of GI,et al) Basic materials ---intake too much(5%NaHco3 et al) Hypopotassemia Cl decreased ----alkalosis
Manifestations
Mild and slow breath Spiritual and sycholi symptoms and signs
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory reasons ---- chest and lung diseases (Chest wall traumas,lung edema,CB,stenosis of T or/and B,et al)resulting in more CO2 accumulating in the body -----symptoms and signs
Causes of R-Acidosis
Deep anesthynia , cardiac arresst, Pneumotharox Lung edema Stenosis of T or/and B Wrong use of respirator(Res—rate,vital volume)
manefestations
Masthymia Dyspnea----cyanosis BP unstable or decreased ,pulse---rapid and mild, others
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory reasons---high fever,nervous,injury to the head/brain,et al----less CO2 left in the body----symptoms and signs.
Causes of Res--alkalosis
Fever Cry Injury to the brain Be nervous Wrong use of respirator(Res—rate,Vital—volume)
manifestations
Slow and mild breath Others---spiritual and sycholi -----benumbed extremeties,thrill of the fingers et al
Diagnostic Rules
Case history Manifestations Lab tests-----PH HCO3 Pco2
Lab tests
PH 7.35---7.45 <<7.56>> Hco3 8----12mmol/l metabolic factor // basic material <<25mmol/l>> Paco2 35---45mmol/l-----Respiratory factors acidic material <<25mmol/l>> Independent and interrelated
Treatments
Acidosis-----basic medicine 5%NaHco3 Alkalosis----acidic medicine Hcl Metabolic imbalance----severe----medicine Respiratory imbalance-----no medicine used commonly(change the Res types---CO2----)
SUMMARRY
Water Electrolyte Acid---base
WATER
Physiological volume----2000—2500ml Additional loss of water-------supply this as the same as the loss //Today Lost water-----before today // the lost total water volume-----mild 2% moderate 4% severe 6% of the weight------1/2—1/3 of the total should be given to the patient.
You are dismissed All is over See you next year
You are NO .1
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