Hypertension Study Guide

Angeles University Foundation College of Nursing

Written Report in

Hypertension CHN – Sapalibutad

Submitted by: Carl Elexer C. Ano BSN III- 1, Group 1

Submitted to: Joanne Galang RN, MN

February 25, 2009

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Hypertension  A sustained elevation in the mean arterial pressure. ♥ Types of Hypertension according to Etiology ♥ 1. Primary/Essential/ Idiopathic Hypertension – no definite cause, usually attributed to atherosclerosis. 2. Secondary Hypertension – usually derived from diseases such as renal disease. Risk Factors:  Family history  Advancing age (55y/o ↑)  Race  High salt intake  Obesity  lifestyle  ↓K+ intake  Stress  Use of contraceptives Sign & Symptoms Hypertension usually does not produce clinical effects until vascular changes in the major organs occur. But usually the client would complain of: ♥ Nape pain ♥ Nausea ♥ Vomiting But in ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

cases of major organ affectation it may result to: Stroke MI Blindness Renal Failure

How is it diagnosed? Hypertension has different stages. Namely: †

Prehypertension – BP of greater than 120/80 mmHg but less than 140/90 mmHg

†

Stage 1 – BP of 140 – 159 mmHg/ 90 – 99 mmHg

†

Stage 2 – BP of 160 ↑ mmHg/ 100↑ mmHg

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* Three consecutive BP reading of either stage 1 or 2 confirms the diagnosis. Management for Hypertension †

HBR

†

↓ Salt, ↓Fat diet

†

Antihypertensive Drugs o ACE Inhibitor o Blocker o

channel Blocker

Prevention of Hypertension    

Encourage proper nutrition Weight monitoring Smoking cessation Regular BP monitoring

DOH Related Programs

HL to the MAX - focus on the prevention of risk factors that give rise to the incidence the four main chronic diseases that affect all members of the family - from the newborn to the elderly. (Launched Feb. 16, 2009) • • • • • • • •

NO SMOKING (Huwag Manigarilyo) DON'T DRINK ALCOHOL (Iwas Alak) NO TO ILLEGAL DRUGS (Talo Ka sa Droga) EAT LOW-FAT, LOW SALT, HIGH FIBER DIET (Wastong Pagkain) PREVENT HYPERTENSION (Bantay Presyon) DO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (Katawang Aktibo) MANAGE STRESS (Bawas Stress)

National Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control Program Legal Mandate • •

Proclamation No. 973 Declaring Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control as Priority Program of Government. Memorandum Order No. 416 Providing for the Nationwide Implementation of the Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control Program

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Program Policies 1. The prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases shall be a priority program of the Department of Health. 2. The program shall be community based, comprehensive in scope and relevant to the existing local situation. 3. Considering the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, primordial and primary prevention shall be the priority strategies of the program. 4. All levels of the health care delivery system shall be involved in the delivery of services to prevent and control cardiovascular diseases. 5. The program shall utilize operational strategies which are appropriate and responsive to local needs and situation. 6. The program shall be integrated with the existing health care delivery system utilizing the primary health care approach. 7. Collaboration with GOs, as well as participation of NGOs and the private sector, shall be maximized in the implementation of the program. 8. CVD prevention and control shall utilize the mass based population approach.

- caloi ®

Sources: Sarah Y. Yuan, Handbook of Diseases 3rd edition., 2004 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Hong Kong Cuevas F. et.al, Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 10th edition 2007, National League of Philippine Government Nurses Inc. Manila Zerwekh J. et.al Mosby’s Pharmacology Notecards: Visuals, Mnemonics, and Memory Aid for Nurses, reprinted edition 2007, Elsevier, Philippines

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