Hvi Measurement Principles_by_abubakkar Marwat

HVI High Volume Testing

•

HVI Measurement Principles:

• Overview of each measurement • Factors influencing test results • calibration • accuracy and precision

1

USTER® HVI

•

2

Test Report

USTER® HVI Basic Measurements of cotton (bales): • Length, Uniformity • Strength • Color • Trash NEW on HVI SPECTRUM: • Maturity • Short Fiber Index 3

Pulling a Length Staple

4

Example: 1 inch

= staple class 32 ⇒ 32:32

1 1/16 inch = staple class 34 ⇒ 34:32 1 1/2 inch

5

= staple class 48 ⇒ 48:32

=1 = 1 1/16 = 1 1/2

Relationship Between Classer’s Call and HVI Length Results Inches

UHM [inches]

UHM [mm]

Code

unter 13/16 13/16 7/8 29/32 15/16

< 0.79 0.80 0.86 0.90 0.93

-

0.85 0.89 0.92 0.95

< 20.1 20.1 21.8 22.9 23.6 -

21.6 22.6 23.4 24.1

24 26 28 29 30

1 1 1/32 1 1/16 1 3/32

0.96 0.99 1.02 1.05 1.08

-

0.98 1.01 1.04 1.07 1.10

24.4 25.1 25.9 26.7 27.4

-

24.9 25.8 26.4 27.2 27.9

31 32 33 34 35

1 1 1 1 1

1/8 5/32 3/16 7/32 1/4

1.11 1.14 1.18 1.21 1.24

-

1.13 1.17 1.20 1.23 1.26

28.2 29.0 30.0 30.7 31.5

-

28.7 29.7 30.5 31.2 32.0

36 37 38 39 40

1 1 1 1

9/32 5/16 11/32 3/8

1.27 - 1.29 1.30 - 1.32 1.33 - 1.35 > 1.38

32.3 33.0 33.8 > 35.0

32.8 33.5 34.3

41 42 43 44

31/32

6

HVI Length & Strength Measurement Principle LED Comb

Fiber Beard

Breaker Jaws

Home Position

Breaker Jaws D1 = Length Standard

7

D2 = Lens to Break

Span Length Principle of Measurement

8

Mean Length Principle of Measurement

9

Upper Half Mean Length Principle of Measurement

10

Comparison of Span and Mean Lengths

11

Uniformity Ratio and Uniformity Index

12

Uniformity Ratio UR = 50% SL 2.5% SL

x 100

Uniformity Index UI = ML UHML

x 100

Uniformity - Evaluation

Description very low low average high very high

13

Uniformity Ratio 50%SL / 2.5%SL 41 & lower 41 - 43 44 - 46 47 - 48 48 & higher

Uniformity Index ML / UHML 77 & lower 77 - 79 80 - 82 83 - 85 85 & higher

USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

Features & Benefits: Accurate and precise Short Fiber Index -

 Detects high short fiber content bales quickly and accurately  Proven algorithm under evaluation by USDA  High correlation to AFIS Short Fiber Content 14

USTER® HVI SPECTRUM

Short Fiber Content/ Index [%]

Staple Standards Evaluation Cottons Test - r = 0.98 16 14 12 10 8 6 31

32

32

34

AFIS

15

35

36

HVI

37

38

Cotton Fiber Structure

16

Bundle Fiber Strength Principle of Measurement

17

Bundle Fiber Strength - Evaluation Description very low low average high very high

Pressley 0" MPSI (1000) lbs/in^2 70 – 78 77 – 83 84 – 90 91 – 97 98 – 104

Pressley 1/8" Stelometer 1/8" g/tex g/tex 21 & lower 17 & lower 21 – 23 17 – 19 24 – 26 20 – 22 27 – 29 23 – 25 30 & higher 26 & higher

HVI 1/8"* g/tex 21 & lower 22 - 24 25 – 27 28 – 30 31 & higher

* Calibrated to HVI Cal. Cottons

18

Micronaire Measurement Principle

1. Closing Valve 2. Pressure Regulating Valve 3. Air Measuring Device 4. Pressure Change Measuring Device 5. Measuring Chamber with Fibers

19

Relationship Between Maturity and Micronaire Fine and immature, very low Micronaire Fine and mature, low Micronaire Coarse and immature, low Micronaire Coarse and mature, high Micronaire

20

Micronaire - Evaluation smaller than = very fine 3.0 small perimeter and mature or medium perimeter and immature

21

3.1 to 3.6

= fine small to medium perimeter with different degrees of maturity

3.7 to 4.7

= average medium perimeter with different degrees of maturity

4.8 to 5.9

= coarse medium perimeter and mature or large perimeter and immature

greater than = very coarse 6.0 large perimeter with different degrees of maturity

22

Low

Medium

Micronaire &

Micronaire &

“fairly mature”

“less mature”

Medium

High

Micronaire &

Micronaire &

“fairly mature”

“well mature”

USTER® HVI SPECTRUM Features & Benefits: Accurate and precise Maturity Index -

 Detects potential immature bales quickly and accurately  Advanced algorithm compares well to AFIS Maturity Ratio  No special sample preparation necessary 23

USTER® HVI SPECTRUM International Cotton Samples - r = 0.93

Maturity Ratio

1.2

1

0.8

0.6 1

6

11

16

21

26

31

36

AFIS 24

41

46

HVI

51

56

61

66

71

HVI Color & Trash Measurement Principle

25

Color Range of Cotton

•

26

Two-dimensional color range

HVI Color

•

27

U.S. Upland color chart

HVI Color

•

28

80-85% of U.S. cotton crop falls within this color range

HVI Color

•

29

Typical color distribution of U.S. cotton crop

HVI Color

•

30

Color chart for American Pima cottons

U.S. Upland Cotton Standards

•

31

Color Grade White Good Middling Strict Middling Middling Strict Low Middling Low Middling Strict Good Ordinary Good Ordinary Light Spotted Good Middling Strict Middling Middling Strict Low Middling Low Middling Strict Good Ordinary Spotted Good Middling Strict Middling Middling Strict Low Middling Low Middling Strict Good Ordinary Tinged Strict Middling Middling Strict Low Middling Low Middling Yellow Stained Strict Middling Middling

Grade descriptions

Symbols

Code

Leaf Code

GM SM Mid SLM LM SGO GO

11 21 31 41 51 61 71

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

GM Lt Sp SM Lt Sp Mid Lt Sp SLM Lt Sp LM Lt Sp SGO Lt Sp

12 22 32 42 52 62

1 2 3 4 5 6

GM Sp SM Sp Mid Sp SLM Sp LM Sp SGO Sp

13 23 33 43 53 63

1 2 3 4 5 6

SM Tg Mid Tg SLM Tg LM Tg

24 34 44 54

2 3 4 5

SM YS Mid YS

25 35

2 3

Trash Measurement Principle Video Image Analysis Results:

• % Area

(covered)

• (Particle) Count

32

Relationship of Trash Measurement to Classer’s Leaf Grade* Classer‘s Leaf Grade

Trash Measurement (% area)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

<= 0.08 <= 0.12 <= 0.18 <= 0.34 <= 0.55 <= 0.86 <= 1.56 > 1.56

* 1999 USDA crop data (4 year average) 33