House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling Up And Sustainability Of Total Sanitation In Bangladesh (sstsb), Dam & Wsp World Bank
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Ave©Rbv †_‡K K‡¤úv÷ mvi ‰Zvixi g¨vbyqvj
XvKv AvnQvwbqv wgkb
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
f~wgKv K…wl cÖavb †`k evsjv†`k | gvwU‡K i¶v Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j djb evov‡bv hv‡e bv | Avi djb e„wä Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j gviv co‡e K…lK, gviv co‡ev Avgiv mevB | gvwU‡Z mv`viYZ 5 fvM ˆRe c`v_© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb | wKš‘ Avgv‡`I gvwU‡Z Av‡Q M‡o gvG 1.75 fvM | hv cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq A‡bK Kg | ivmvqwbK mvi I gvivZ¥K KwUbvkK Gi e¨vcK e¨env‡i gvwU nviv‡”Q Zvi De©iZv | bó n‡q hv‡”Q fwel¨‡Zi K…wl Dbœq‡bi e¨vcK m¤¢ebv | gvwU‡K ¯’vqxfv‡e i¶v I msi¶Y Ki‡Z cv‡i ˆRe mvi | ˆRe mvi ˆZwi LyeB mnR | ˆRe mvi ˆZwii DcKiY Avgv‡`i nv‡Zi Kv‡QB i‡q‡Q | eZ©gv‡b Rwg‡Z ˆRe mvi e¨env‡ii D¾¡j m¤¢ebv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q | gvbyl evuPvi Kvi‡YB ˆRe mv†ii dmj wKb‡Z †ekx AvMÖnx n‡”Q | ˆRe mvi Drcv`b I wewµ K‡i Avq e„w× I Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói gva¨‡g GKB ms‡½ `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb I cwi‡ek i¶v m¤¢e | evsjv‡`‡k gv_vwcQy f~wgi cwigvb AZ¨š— Kg nIqvq mwVK f~wg e¨e¯’vcbv G †`‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨š— Ri“ix | cwi‡ek msi¶Y I Dbœq‡b †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbv GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ask | †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`K n‡jv –cÖwZ‡ek‡K gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y m‡e©v”P gvGvq e¨envi Kivi Rb¨ emZevwU, iv¯—vNvU, KjKviLvbv Rwg, K…wl Rwg, ebf~wg, Rjvf~wg, †MvPviY f~wg mwVK gvGvq mymgw¤^Z ivLv | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi‡K †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbvi GKwU nvwZqvi ejv †h‡Z cv‡i hv gvwU‡Z ˆRe Dcv`vb e„w× I m¤ú` m„wó‡Z mnvqK | †Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZix GKwU mnR I cwi‡ekevÜe cÖhyw³ | GwU GKw`‡K †hgb A_©‰bwZKfv‡e jvfRbK †Zgb gvwUi cywó¸Y eRvq †i‡L gvwU‡K eÜv‡Z¡I nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi‡K GKwU ¶y`ª wkí wn‡m‡e `wi`ª Rb‡Mvwôi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`qvB Avgv‡`I j¶¨ | †emiKvix I mgvRwfwËK Dbœqb ms¯’v I Avw_©K cÖwZôvb¸‡jv GB Kv‡R GwM‡q Avm‡e e‡j Avgiv Avkv KiwQ | K‡¤úv÷ wK ? K‡¤úv÷ n‡”Q GK ai‡bi ˆRe mvi | bvbv cÖKvi cuPbkxj AveR©bv, wewfbœ cÖvYxi Lv‡`¨i Dw”Qó, LoKzUv, ivbœv N‡ii ZiKvwii Dw”Qó, cuPv-evwm Lvevi, AvMvQv, Rsjv BZ¨vw` AbyRx‡ei ×viv cuwP‡q †h mvi ˆZwi Kiv nq Zv-B K‡¤úv÷ mvi | wewfbœ cÖvYxi gjg~G, †Mvei, KmvBLvbvi i³, QvB, †cŠimfvi ‰Re AveR©bv GgbwK KPzwicvbvI ˆRe mvi ˆZwii Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e e¨enZ n‡”Q | K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwii wewfbœ c×wZ : 1.¯Zzc c×wZ 2. MZ© c×wZ 3. e¨v‡ij/ Wªvg c×wZ
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
¯—yc c×wZ‡Z K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwi ¯—yc c×wZ‡Z ˆRe mvi ˆZwi‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ I DcKiY mvgMÖx: hš¿cvwZ mg~n: ‡ejPv wbovwb Pvjwb cvwb †¯cÖqvi ®‹¨v‡fÄvi ev‡ki †d«‡gi (Gqv‡iUi)
DcKib
cwigvb
ˆRe c`v_©
100 †KwR
†Mvei
5 †KwR
Kv‡Vi ¸ov
1 †KwR
BDwiqv
6-10 MÖvg
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc mg~n avc 1:
‰Re AveR©bv †_‡K A‰Re AveR©bv †hgb KvuP, c−vw÷K, †jvnv RvZxq wRwbm †e‡Q †dj‡Z n‡e |
avc 3:
Ab¨ GKwU cv‡G Avjv`vfv‡e cwigvbgZ †Mvei I BDwiqv cvwb‡Z ¸wj‡q wb‡Z n‡e |
avc 2:
avc 4:
‰Re c`v©_‡K wcwU‡q wK¤^v †K‡U †QvU Ki‡Z n‡e|
AbyRx‡ei Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e †Mvei †Mvjv, BDwiqv `ªeY I Kv‡Vi ¸ov ˆRe c`v‡_©i m‡½ fvjfv‡e ‡gkv‡Z n‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 5:
avc 7:
3 Ub cwigvb GB †gkv‡bv ˆRe c`v_© we‡klfv‡e ˆZwi evu‡ki †d«‡gi Dci (Gqv‡iUi) Ggbfv‡e mvRv‡Z n‡e †hb †fZ‡i evZvm XyK‡Z cv‡i |
ZvcgvGv †e‡o †M‡j (70° †m: Gi Dc‡i) ¯‘c m‡½ m‡½ †f‡½ IjU-cvjU K‡i Avevi bZzb ¯‘c mvRv‡Z n‡e |
avc 6:
avc 8:
cÖwZw`b 2-3 evi mvRv‡bv ¯‘‡ci ZvcgvGv gvc‡Z n‡e †hb 55-56° †m: Gi gv‡S _v‡K |
¯^vfvweKfv‡e Aš—:Z 8-10 w`b cici ¯‘c IjUcvjU K‡i cybivq mvRv‡j cuPb fvj nq |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 9:
avc 11:
ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g ¯‘‡ci cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡j ¯‘‡ci Dci cvwb †¯cÖ Ki‡Z n‡e |
¯‘c †f‡½ K‡¤úvó mvi 14-15 w`b ïKv‡Z n‡e Ges fvj ˆRe mv‡i Av`ªZv _vK‡e kZKiv 8-10 fvM |
avc 10:
avc 12:
38-40 w`‡bi g‡a¨B ¯‘cwU K‡¤úvó mv‡i cwiYZ n‡e|
cÖ_‡g 1bs Pvjwb I c‡i 2bs Pvjwb e¨envi K‡i mvi †P‡j wb‡jB weµq †hvM¨ n‡q DV‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 13:
ïK‡bv mvi evqy wb‡ivaK c¨v‡K‡U msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e |
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e: • ¯‘c †_‡K GKgy‡Vv ˆRe c`v©_ nv‡Z wb‡q wPc‡j hw` cvwb c‡o Z‡e eyS‡Z n‡e ¯‘‡c cvwbi cwigvb wVK Av‡Q |
• hLb ¯‘‡ci ZvcgvGv I AvenvIqv ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvGv cÖvq mgvb ZLb eyS‡Z n‡e mvi ‰Zwi n‡q †M‡Q | • K‡¤úvó mvi ˆZwi nIqvi ci ¯‘c †f‡½ ïKv‡Z n‡e, AwZwi³ K‡¤úvwós n‡j mv‡ii Kvh©¶gZv †jvc cv‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
• fvj ev‡qvexq K‡¤úvwUs –G Kve©Y-bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi AbycvZ 35-50 Gi g‡a¨ | • K‡¤úvó mv‡i Avqibhy³ wUDeI‡q‡ji cvwb e¨envi bv K‡i cyKzi wK¤^v K~qvi cvwb e¨envi Kiv fvj| • ‰Zwi K‡¤úvó †Kvb Lvivc MÜ _v‡K bv | • K‡¤úvó IjU-cvjU Ki‡Z I mvRv‡Z †ejPv, ¯‹¨v‡fÁvi I wbovwb e¨envi Kiv nq | • ‰Re mvi mvavibZ SziS †I Pv cvZvi gZ n‡q _v‡K | • Pvjvwbi ci eo mvB‡Ri †Re c`v©_¸‡jv Avevi bZzb ¯Zy‡c wgwk‡q cybt cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv hvq | • wW‡gi †Lvmv, kvgy‡Ki ¸ov, QvB BZ¨vw` K‡¤úvó mv‡I K¨vjwmqvg, dmdivm I cUvwmqvg mieivn K‡i | • evwoi ˆRe AveR©bv Avi ‡djbv bq, G †_‡KB ˆZwi n‡e g~j¨evb mvi |
m~Î: cÖvKwUKvj G·b
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
GK bR‡i ¯—yc c×wZ‡Z K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwii c×wZ avivmg~n
Ave©Rbv msMÖn
evQvBKib, wgkªb Ges ‡Ku‡U †QvU
euv‡k †d«‡g (Gqv‡iU‡i) ZvcgvGv gwbUwis Ges IjU-cvjU Kiv
ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g ¯‘‡c cvwb †¯cÖ
38-40 w`‡bi g‡a¨B ¯‘cwU K‡¤úvó mv‡i cwiYZ n‡e Ges ¯‘c †f‡½ ïKv‡Z n‡e |
Pvjwb e¨envi K‡i mvi †P‡j we¯—vq evRv‡i mvavi‡bi Rb¨ K‡¤úvó mvi msMÖHouse Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of n Kiv Ges evRviRvZ Kib | Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
‡Ku‡Pv mvi GKwU cwi‡ek evÜe DbœZ cÖvK…wZK ˆRe mvi
‡Ku‡Pv mvi cÖhyw³ ‡Ku‡Pv mvi GKwU cwi‡ekevÜe I jvMmB ‰Re mvi | G mvi mKj gvV dmj Ges dzj, dj I kvKmewR‡Z e¨envi Kiv hvq | De©iZv e„w×mn G mvi gvwUi †fŠwZK, ivmvqwbK I ‰RweK ¸Yvejxi Dbœqb mvab K‡i | G mvi e¨env‡i ivmvqwbK mv‡ii e¨envi 50 fvM ch©š— mvkªq Kiv m¤¢e | ˆRweK (Organic) K…wl‡Z G mvi A‡bK Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ‰Zwi‡Z e¨eüZ ˆRe c`v©_¸‡jv n‡jv †Mvei / gyiMxi weôv, ev‡qv ¯−vix, Lo, cPbkxj AveR©bv, jZvcvZv BZ¨vw` | †Ku‡Pv G¸‡jv †L‡q gj Z¨vM K‡i | GQvovI Zvi †`n n‡Z GK ai‡bi ivmvqwbK c`v©_ wbtm„Z nq | G¸‡jv ˆRe c`v_© mv‡_ wg‡kªZ n‡q cywógvb evwo‡q †`q | mKj wgkªY GK‡G GKwU DbœZ ˆRe mvi wn‡m‡e cwiYZ nq | G mvi†K Avgiv ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ev f©vwgK‡¤úvó ej‡Z cvwi | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖPwjZ ˆRe mv‡ii cywógv‡bi kZKiv nvi-Gi Zzjbv ‰Re mvi
bvB‡Uªv‡Rb
dmdivm
cUvk
‡Ku‡Pv mvi
2.5-3.0
1.0-1.5
1.5-2.0
†Mvei
0.51-1.5
0.4-0.8
0.5-1.9
gyiMxi weôv
1.6
1.5
0.85
K‡¤úvó (mvavib)
0.4-0.8
0.3-0.6
0.7-1.0
LvgviRvZ mvi
0.5-1.5
0.4-0.8
0.5-1.9
K‡¤úvó (KPzwicvbv)
3.0
2.0
3.0
‡cÖmgvW
1.0-1.5
1.8-2.4
1.2-3.8
ev‡qv ¯−vix (†Mvei)
1.29
2.80
0.75
ev‡qv ¯−vix (gyiMxi weôv)
2.73
3.30
0.80
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
evwYwRK wfwˇZ ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKib I µqg~j¨ DcKib
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
Ni ˆZwi (15wdU X 10 wdU X 7 wdU )
1 wU
12500 UvKv
12500 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv µq
2 †KwR
1500UvKv
3000 UvKv
gvwUi Mvgjv (e¨vm 36 Bw Ges
9wU
180UvKv
1620 UvKv
MfxiZv 15 BwÂ)
Ab¨vb¨ LiP
800 UvKv ‡gvU
17920 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z gvwmK LiP KvuPv gvj
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
†Mvei / gyiMxi weôv
800 †KwR
0.50 UvKv
400 UvKv
ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨
300 †KwR
1 UvKv
300 UvKv
cvZv
10 †KwR
1 UvKv
10 UvKv
Lo
20 †KwR
5 UvKv
100 UvKv
kªwgK LiP
38 †KwR
25 UvKv
950 UvKv
‡gvU
1760 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv mvi cÖK‡í gvwmK Avq DcKib
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
mvi weµq
500 †KwR (ﮋ
7 UvKv
3500 UvKv
1500 UvKv
750 UvKv
Ae¯’vq)
‡KuvP weµq
500 MÖvg †gvU
4250 UvKv
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
myZivs GB cÖK‡í cÖwZgv‡m jvf _v‡K (4250-1760)=2490 UvKv | cÖK‡í ïi“I 8 gv‡m g~jab D‡V Avm‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZixi c×wZ • e©R¨mg~‡K (ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨, cvZv, Lo) gvwUi M‡Z© †X‡K †i‡L A_ev Kv‡jv cwjw_‡b gyL eÜ K‡i evqyk~Y¨ Ae¯’vq 7/8 w`b ivL‡Z n‡e | MvRb cÖwµqv m¤§bœ& n‡q hvIqvi ci Db¥y³ ¯’v‡b †i‡L ïwKqv 50-60% Av`ª©Zvq Avb‡Z n‡e | • KvuPv †Mvei 10-15 w`b cÖPwjZ ixwZ Abyhvqx gy³ Ae¯’vq cuPv‡Z n‡e | Aek¨B g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e KLbB KvuPv †Mvei mivmwi gvwUi Mvgjvq †`qv hv‡e bv | Zvn‡j me †Ku‡Pv g‡i hv‡e | ‡hLv‡b gyiMxi weôv cvIqv mnR †mLv‡b †Mve‡ii cwie©‡Z gyiMxi weôv e¨envi Kiv †ekx jvfRbK n‡e | gyiMxi weôvI cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z 10-15 w`b cuPv‡Z n‡e | • cuPb I MvRb cÖwµqv m¤úbœ n‡j mKj eR©¨ (†Mvei / gyiMxi weôv, ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨, cvZv, Lo) GK‡G wgwk‡q 9wU Mvgjvq mgvbfv‡e fvM K‡i cÖwZwU‡Z 200 wU K‡i †Ku‡Pv †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e | Gici Qvjvi PU w`‡q †X‡K w`‡Z n‡e | g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †Ku‡Pv AÜKvi RvqMvq _vK‡Z cQ›` K‡i Ges AÜKvi fvjfv‡e †L‡Z cv‡i | • 2/1 w`b ci ci †`L‡Z n‡e †h Mvgjvq cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡Q wKbv | cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡j Aí cvwb Dci w`‡q wQwU‡q w`‡Z n‡e | • ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z Mvgjv¸‡jv‡Z ‡Ku‡Pv †`qvi Av‡MB N‡ii Pvwiw`‡K †Wªb K‡I cwjw_b wewQ‡q cvwb †`qvi e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e | hv‡Z wccov wKsev Ab¨vb¨ †cvKv-gvKo ‡Ku‡Pv¸‡jv†K †L‡q †cj‡Z cv‡i | A_ev Mvgjv¸‡jv‡K eo Rjweov/ cvwb _v‡K Ggb cv‡Gi Dci emv‡Z n‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi msMÖn • ‡Ku‡Pv mvaviYZ eR¨© c`v©_ Dc‡ii w`K †_‡K ïi“ K‡i | eR¨© c`v©_ hLb Pv ¸ovi gZ SziS‡i nq ZLb eyS‡Z n‡e mvi ˆZwi n‡q †M‡Q | cÖK…Zc‡¶ †Ku‡Pvi gjB n‡jv mvi hv Kv÷ bv‡gI cwiwPZ | G Ae¯’vq Pvjywb w`‡q †P‡j †KvKzb (‡Ku‡Pv wWg) Ges SiSiv Ask Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e | Pvjywbi wQ`ª 0.5 wgwjwgUvi n‡j fvj nq | cÖ_g av‡c †Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi n‡Z 20-25 w`b mgq jv‡M | • 10-15% Av`ª©Zvm¤úbœ Ae¯’vq †Ku‡Pv mvi msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e | A_©vr fvjfv‡e †iv‡` ïwK‡q cwjw_‡b mxj K‡I AvUwK‡q msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e | Gfv‡e msiw¶Z †Ku‡Pv mvi cÖvq GK eQi ch©š— fvj _v‡K |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
• 20-25 w`b ci ci mvi ˆZix n‡Z _vK‡e | cybivq Ave©Rbv ˆZix K‡i Mvgjvq †Ku‡Pv¸j‡K †Q‡o w`‡j 20/25 w`‡bi g‡a¨ Avevi cwigvYgZ mvi msMÖn Kiv hv‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi e¨venvi G mvi Rwg ˆZwii mgq ivmvqwbK mv‡ii gZ wQwU‡q I gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q e¨venvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib | eQi
mv‡ii cwigvb
Rwgi cwigvb
1g eQi
15 †KwR
1 kZvsk
2q eQi
7.5 †KwR
1 kZvsk
3q eQi
3.7 †KwR
1 kZvsk
gvwUi Ae¯’v †gvUv‡gvwU ¯^vfvweK n‡j D‡j−wLZ PvU© Abymv‡i mvi e¨venvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | Gi d‡j AvkvZxZ dj cvIqv hv‡e | Gfv†e ‡Ku‡Pv K‡¤úvó wZb eQi e¨venvi Ki‡j cieZx© `yÕeQi H Rwg‡Z †Zgb mvi e¨venv†ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv | hv cÖK…Z Drcv`b KiP Kwg‡q Avb‡e | gvwUi De©iZv hw` G‡Kev‡iB bv _v‡K Zvn‡j ‡Ku‡Pv mv‡ii cvkvcvwk cÖ_‡g eQi 70% ivmvqwbK mvi e¨venvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i |
m~Î: cÖvKwUKvj G·b House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
evwo wfwËK ¯Z‚c c×wZ‡Z Kg‡cv÷ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv: ¯Z‚c c×wZ‡Z Kg‡cvó mvi ˆZwii Rb¨ Ggb GKwU DPz RvqMvq wb©evPb Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b cvwb R‡g bv | †Mvqvj N‡ii cv‡k ev Lvgvi cÖv½‡Y RvqMv wb©evPb Kiv fvj | MvQZjvqI Kg‡cv÷ mvi ˆZwi Kiv hvq |
cÖ_‡g 3 wgUvi ‰`N¨ I 2 wgUvi cÖ¯’ cwiwgZ RvqMv †g‡c wb‡Z n‡e | Pvi †KvYvq PviwU LyuwU cyu‡Z PZzw`©‡K iwk Rwo‡q AvqZKvi †¶G ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e | †¶‡Gi †fZ‡i LoKzUv, AveR©bv, AvMvQv BZ¨vw` Kg‡cvó ˆZwii KuvPvgvj ¯—‡i ¯—‡i mvRv‡Z n‡e | hZ¶Y ch©š— bv GKwU ¯—i 30 †mwg DuP z nq ZZ¶Y ch©š— Kg‡cvó ˆZwii KuvPvgvj †mLv‡b ivL‡Z n‡e | cÖ_‡g ¯—iwU 30 †mwg DuPz n‡j 1 †KwR ¸uov ˆLj, 500 MÖvg BDwiqv I 200 MÖvg wUGmwc wQUv‡Z n‡e | G‡Z Ave©Rbvi ¯—iwU AvuUmvU n‡e Ges cPbwµqv Z¡ivwš^Z n‡e | Zvici ¯—wUi Dci 5 †mwg cwigvb cyi“ K‡I †Mve‡ii †jc w`‡Z n‡e | Gfv‡e 7wU ¯—i mvRv‡Z n‡e | mßg ¯—iwU Kzu‡o N‡ii Pvjvi gZ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z e„wói cvwb ¯Z‚‡ci †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek bv K‡I Mwo‡q wb‡P co‡Z cv‡i | ¯Z‚c cwjw_b Øviv †X‡j w`‡Z n‡e | wb‡Pi Q‡K ev‡qv Gw±‡fUi ˆZwii Dcv`vb I cwigvY D‡j−L Kiv n‡j | Kg‡cvó Gw±‡fUi 1. QÎvK B‡bvKzjvg `ªe¨ 2. ïKbv ¸uov †Mvei 3. ˆLj ¸uov 4. BDwiqv 5. wUGmwc 6.Ggwc 7.cvZv ‡gvU
cwigvY 1 †KwR 7 †KwR 5 †KwR 4 †KwR 1 †KwR 1 †KwR 1 †KwR 20 †KwR
Kg‡cvó mvi †`o `yB gv‡mi g‡a¨ Rwg‡Z e¨env‡ii Dc‡hvMx nq |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
XvKv AvnQvwbqv wgkb
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
f~wgKv K…wl cÖavb †`k evsjv†`k | gvwU‡K i¶v Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j djb evov‡bv hv‡e bv | Avi djb e„wä Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j gviv co‡e K…lK, gviv co‡ev Avgiv mevB | gvwU‡Z mv`viYZ 5 fvM ˆRe c`v_© _vKv cÖ‡qvRb | wKš‘ Avgv‡`I gvwU‡Z Av‡Q M‡o gvG 1.75 fvM | hv cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq A‡bK Kg | ivmvqwbK mvi I gvivZ¥K KwUbvkK Gi e¨vcK e¨env‡i gvwU nviv‡”Q Zvi De©iZv | bó n‡q hv‡”Q fwel¨‡Zi K…wl Dbœq‡bi e¨vcK m¤¢ebv | gvwU‡K ¯’vqxfv‡e i¶v I msi¶Y Ki‡Z cv‡i ˆRe mvi | ˆRe mvi ˆZwi LyeB mnR | ˆRe mvi ˆZwii DcKiY Avgv‡`i nv‡Zi Kv‡QB i‡q‡Q | eZ©gv‡b Rwg‡Z ˆRe mvi e¨env‡ii D¾¡j m¤¢ebv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q | gvbyl evuPvi Kvi‡YB ˆRe mv†ii dmj wKb‡Z †ekx AvMÖnx n‡”Q | ˆRe mvi Drcv`b I wewµ K‡i Avq e„w× I Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói gva¨‡g GKB ms‡½ `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb I cwi‡ek i¶v m¤¢e | evsjv‡`‡k gv_vwcQy f~wgi cwigvb AZ¨š— Kg nIqvq mwVK f~wg e¨e¯’vcbv G †`‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨š— Ri“ix | cwi‡ek msi¶Y I Dbœq‡b †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbv GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ask | †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbvi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`K n‡jv –cÖwZ‡ek‡K gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y m‡e©v”P gvGvq e¨envi Kivi Rb¨ emZevwU, iv¯—vNvU, KjKviLvbv Rwg, K…wl Rwg, ebf~wg, Rjvf~wg, †MvPviY f~wg mwVK gvGvq mymgw¤^Z ivLv | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi‡K †UKmB f~wg e¨e¯’vcbvi GKwU nvwZqvi ejv †h‡Z cv‡i hv gvwU‡Z ˆRe Dcv`vb e„w× I m¤ú` m„wó‡Z mnvqK | †Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZix GKwU mnR I cwi‡ekevÜe cÖhyw³ | GwU GKw`‡K †hgb A_©‰bwZKfv‡e jvfRbK †Zgb gvwUi cywó¸Y eRvq †i‡L gvwU‡K eÜv‡Z¡I nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi‡K GKwU ¶y`ª wkí wn‡m‡e `wi`ª Rb‡Mvwôi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`qvB Avgv‡`I j¶¨ | †emiKvix I mgvRwfwËK Dbœqb ms¯’v I Avw_©K cÖwZôvb¸‡jv GB Kv‡R GwM‡q Avm‡e e‡j Avgiv Avkv KiwQ | K‡¤úv÷ wK ? K‡¤úv÷ n‡”Q GK ai‡bi ˆRe mvi | bvbv cÖKvi cuPbkxj AveR©bv, wewfbœ cÖvYxi Lv‡`¨i Dw”Qó, LoKzUv, ivbœv N‡ii ZiKvwii Dw”Qó, cuPv-evwm Lvevi, AvMvQv, Rsjv BZ¨vw` AbyRx‡ei ×viv cuwP‡q †h mvi ˆZwi Kiv nq Zv-B K‡¤úv÷ mvi | wewfbœ cÖvYxi gjg~G, †Mvei, KmvBLvbvi i³, QvB, †cŠimfvi ‰Re AveR©bv GgbwK KPzwicvbvI ˆRe mvi ˆZwii Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e e¨enZ n‡”Q | K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwii wewfbœ c×wZ : 1.¯Zzc c×wZ 2. MZ© c×wZ 3. e¨v‡ij/ Wªvg c×wZ
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
¯—yc c×wZ‡Z K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwi ¯—yc c×wZ‡Z ˆRe mvi ˆZwi‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ I DcKiY mvgMÖx: hš¿cvwZ mg~n: ‡ejPv wbovwb Pvjwb cvwb †¯cÖqvi ®‹¨v‡fÄvi ev‡ki †d«‡gi (Gqv‡iUi)
DcKib
cwigvb
ˆRe c`v_©
100 †KwR
†Mvei
5 †KwR
Kv‡Vi ¸ov
1 †KwR
BDwiqv
6-10 MÖvg
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc mg~n avc 1:
‰Re AveR©bv †_‡K A‰Re AveR©bv †hgb KvuP, c−vw÷K, †jvnv RvZxq wRwbm †e‡Q †dj‡Z n‡e |
avc 3:
Ab¨ GKwU cv‡G Avjv`vfv‡e cwigvbgZ †Mvei I BDwiqv cvwb‡Z ¸wj‡q wb‡Z n‡e |
avc 2:
avc 4:
‰Re c`v©_‡K wcwU‡q wK¤^v †K‡U †QvU Ki‡Z n‡e|
AbyRx‡ei Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e †Mvei †Mvjv, BDwiqv `ªeY I Kv‡Vi ¸ov ˆRe c`v‡_©i m‡½ fvjfv‡e ‡gkv‡Z n‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 5:
avc 7:
3 Ub cwigvb GB †gkv‡bv ˆRe c`v_© we‡klfv‡e ˆZwi evu‡ki †d«‡gi Dci (Gqv‡iUi) Ggbfv‡e mvRv‡Z n‡e †hb †fZ‡i evZvm XyK‡Z cv‡i |
ZvcgvGv †e‡o †M‡j (70° †m: Gi Dc‡i) ¯‘c m‡½ m‡½ †f‡½ IjU-cvjU K‡i Avevi bZzb ¯‘c mvRv‡Z n‡e |
avc 6:
avc 8:
cÖwZw`b 2-3 evi mvRv‡bv ¯‘‡ci ZvcgvGv gvc‡Z n‡e †hb 55-56° †m: Gi gv‡S _v‡K |
¯^vfvweKfv‡e Aš—:Z 8-10 w`b cici ¯‘c IjUcvjU K‡i cybivq mvRv‡j cuPb fvj nq |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 9:
avc 11:
ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g ¯‘‡ci cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡j ¯‘‡ci Dci cvwb †¯cÖ Ki‡Z n‡e |
¯‘c †f‡½ K‡¤úvó mvi 14-15 w`b ïKv‡Z n‡e Ges fvj ˆRe mv‡i Av`ªZv _vK‡e kZKiv 8-10 fvM |
avc 10:
avc 12:
38-40 w`‡bi g‡a¨B ¯‘cwU K‡¤úvó mv‡i cwiYZ n‡e|
cÖ_‡g 1bs Pvjwb I c‡i 2bs Pvjwb e¨envi K‡i mvi †P‡j wb‡jB weµq †hvM¨ n‡q DV‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
avc 13:
ïK‡bv mvi evqy wb‡ivaK c¨v‡K‡U msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e |
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e: • ¯‘c †_‡K GKgy‡Vv ˆRe c`v©_ nv‡Z wb‡q wPc‡j hw` cvwb c‡o Z‡e eyS‡Z n‡e ¯‘‡c cvwbi cwigvb wVK Av‡Q |
• hLb ¯‘‡ci ZvcgvGv I AvenvIqv ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvGv cÖvq mgvb ZLb eyS‡Z n‡e mvi ‰Zwi n‡q †M‡Q | • K‡¤úvó mvi ˆZwi nIqvi ci ¯‘c †f‡½ ïKv‡Z n‡e, AwZwi³ K‡¤úvwós n‡j mv‡ii Kvh©¶gZv †jvc cv‡e |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
• fvj ev‡qvexq K‡¤úvwUs –G Kve©Y-bvB‡Uªv‡R‡bi AbycvZ 35-50 Gi g‡a¨ | • K‡¤úvó mv‡i Avqibhy³ wUDeI‡q‡ji cvwb e¨envi bv K‡i cyKzi wK¤^v K~qvi cvwb e¨envi Kiv fvj| • ‰Zwi K‡¤úvó †Kvb Lvivc MÜ _v‡K bv | • K‡¤úvó IjU-cvjU Ki‡Z I mvRv‡Z †ejPv, ¯‹¨v‡fÁvi I wbovwb e¨envi Kiv nq | • ‰Re mvi mvavibZ SziS †I Pv cvZvi gZ n‡q _v‡K | • Pvjvwbi ci eo mvB‡Ri †Re c`v©_¸‡jv Avevi bZzb ¯Zy‡c wgwk‡q cybt cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv hvq | • wW‡gi †Lvmv, kvgy‡Ki ¸ov, QvB BZ¨vw` K‡¤úvó mv‡I K¨vjwmqvg, dmdivm I cUvwmqvg mieivn K‡i | • evwoi ˆRe AveR©bv Avi ‡djbv bq, G †_‡KB ˆZwi n‡e g~j¨evb mvi |
m~Î: cÖvKwUKvj G·b
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
GK bR‡i ¯—yc c×wZ‡Z K‡¤úv÷ ˆZwii c×wZ avivmg~n
Ave©Rbv msMÖn
evQvBKib, wgkªb Ges ‡Ku‡U †QvU
euv‡k †d«‡g (Gqv‡iU‡i) ZvcgvGv gwbUwis Ges IjU-cvjU Kiv
ïK‡bv †gŠmy‡g ¯‘‡c cvwb †¯cÖ
38-40 w`‡bi g‡a¨B ¯‘cwU K‡¤úvó mv‡i cwiYZ n‡e Ges ¯‘c †f‡½ ïKv‡Z n‡e |
Pvjwb e¨envi K‡i mvi †P‡j we¯—vq evRv‡i mvavi‡bi Rb¨ K‡¤úvó mvi msMÖHouse Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of n Kiv Ges evRviRvZ Kib | Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
‡Ku‡Pv mvi GKwU cwi‡ek evÜe DbœZ cÖvK…wZK ˆRe mvi
‡Ku‡Pv mvi cÖhyw³ ‡Ku‡Pv mvi GKwU cwi‡ekevÜe I jvMmB ‰Re mvi | G mvi mKj gvV dmj Ges dzj, dj I kvKmewR‡Z e¨envi Kiv hvq | De©iZv e„w×mn G mvi gvwUi †fŠwZK, ivmvqwbK I ‰RweK ¸Yvejxi Dbœqb mvab K‡i | G mvi e¨env‡i ivmvqwbK mv‡ii e¨envi 50 fvM ch©š— mvkªq Kiv m¤¢e | ˆRweK (Organic) K…wl‡Z G mvi A‡bK Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ‰Zwi‡Z e¨eüZ ˆRe c`v©_¸‡jv n‡jv †Mvei / gyiMxi weôv, ev‡qv ¯−vix, Lo, cPbkxj AveR©bv, jZvcvZv BZ¨vw` | †Ku‡Pv G¸‡jv †L‡q gj Z¨vM K‡i | GQvovI Zvi †`n n‡Z GK ai‡bi ivmvqwbK c`v©_ wbtm„Z nq | G¸‡jv ˆRe c`v_© mv‡_ wg‡kªZ n‡q cywógvb evwo‡q †`q | mKj wgkªY GK‡G GKwU DbœZ ˆRe mvi wn‡m‡e cwiYZ nq | G mvi†K Avgiv ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ev f©vwgK‡¤úvó ej‡Z cvwi | ‡Ku‡Pv mvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖPwjZ ˆRe mv‡ii cywógv‡bi kZKiv nvi-Gi Zzjbv ‰Re mvi
bvB‡Uªv‡Rb
dmdivm
cUvk
‡Ku‡Pv mvi
2.5-3.0
1.0-1.5
1.5-2.0
†Mvei
0.51-1.5
0.4-0.8
0.5-1.9
gyiMxi weôv
1.6
1.5
0.85
K‡¤úvó (mvavib)
0.4-0.8
0.3-0.6
0.7-1.0
LvgviRvZ mvi
0.5-1.5
0.4-0.8
0.5-1.9
K‡¤úvó (KPzwicvbv)
3.0
2.0
3.0
‡cÖmgvW
1.0-1.5
1.8-2.4
1.2-3.8
ev‡qv ¯−vix (†Mvei)
1.29
2.80
0.75
ev‡qv ¯−vix (gyiMxi weôv)
2.73
3.30
0.80
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
evwYwRK wfwˇZ ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKib I µqg~j¨ DcKib
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
Ni ˆZwi (15wdU X 10 wdU X 7 wdU )
1 wU
12500 UvKv
12500 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv µq
2 †KwR
1500UvKv
3000 UvKv
gvwUi Mvgjv (e¨vm 36 Bw Ges
9wU
180UvKv
1620 UvKv
MfxiZv 15 BwÂ)
Ab¨vb¨ LiP
800 UvKv ‡gvU
17920 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z gvwmK LiP KvuPv gvj
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
†Mvei / gyiMxi weôv
800 †KwR
0.50 UvKv
400 UvKv
ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨
300 †KwR
1 UvKv
300 UvKv
cvZv
10 †KwR
1 UvKv
10 UvKv
Lo
20 †KwR
5 UvKv
100 UvKv
kªwgK LiP
38 †KwR
25 UvKv
950 UvKv
‡gvU
1760 UvKv
‡Ku‡Pv mvi cÖK‡í gvwmK Avq DcKib
cwigvb
GKK g~j¨
‡gvU g~j¨
mvi weµq
500 †KwR (ﮋ
7 UvKv
3500 UvKv
1500 UvKv
750 UvKv
Ae¯’vq)
‡KuvP weµq
500 MÖvg †gvU
4250 UvKv
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
myZivs GB cÖK‡í cÖwZgv‡m jvf _v‡K (4250-1760)=2490 UvKv | cÖK‡í ïi“I 8 gv‡m g~jab D‡V Avm‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZixi c×wZ • e©R¨mg~‡K (ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨, cvZv, Lo) gvwUi M‡Z© †X‡K †i‡L A_ev Kv‡jv cwjw_‡b gyL eÜ K‡i evqyk~Y¨ Ae¯’vq 7/8 w`b ivL‡Z n‡e | MvRb cÖwµqv m¤§bœ& n‡q hvIqvi ci Db¥y³ ¯’v‡b †i‡L ïwKqv 50-60% Av`ª©Zvq Avb‡Z n‡e | • KvuPv †Mvei 10-15 w`b cÖPwjZ ixwZ Abyhvqx gy³ Ae¯’vq cuPv‡Z n‡e | Aek¨B g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e KLbB KvuPv †Mvei mivmwi gvwUi Mvgjvq †`qv hv‡e bv | Zvn‡j me †Ku‡Pv g‡i hv‡e | ‡hLv‡b gyiMxi weôv cvIqv mnR †mLv‡b †Mve‡ii cwie©‡Z gyiMxi weôv e¨envi Kiv †ekx jvfRbK n‡e | gyiMxi weôvI cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z 10-15 w`b cuPv‡Z n‡e | • cuPb I MvRb cÖwµqv m¤úbœ n‡j mKj eR©¨ (†Mvei / gyiMxi weôv, ivbœv N‡ii eR©¨, cvZv, Lo) GK‡G wgwk‡q 9wU Mvgjvq mgvbfv‡e fvM K‡i cÖwZwU‡Z 200 wU K‡i †Ku‡Pv †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e | Gici Qvjvi PU w`‡q †X‡K w`‡Z n‡e | g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †Ku‡Pv AÜKvi RvqMvq _vK‡Z cQ›` K‡i Ges AÜKvi fvjfv‡e †L‡Z cv‡i | • 2/1 w`b ci ci †`L‡Z n‡e †h Mvgjvq cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡Q wKbv | cvwb ïwK‡q †M‡j Aí cvwb Dci w`‡q wQwU‡q w`‡Z n‡e | • ‡Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi‡Z Mvgjv¸‡jv‡Z ‡Ku‡Pv †`qvi Av‡MB N‡ii Pvwiw`‡K †Wªb K‡I cwjw_b wewQ‡q cvwb †`qvi e¨e¯’v ivL‡Z n‡e | hv‡Z wccov wKsev Ab¨vb¨ †cvKv-gvKo ‡Ku‡Pv¸‡jv†K †L‡q †cj‡Z cv‡i | A_ev Mvgjv¸‡jv‡K eo Rjweov/ cvwb _v‡K Ggb cv‡Gi Dci emv‡Z n‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi msMÖn • ‡Ku‡Pv mvaviYZ eR¨© c`v©_ Dc‡ii w`K †_‡K ïi“ K‡i | eR¨© c`v©_ hLb Pv ¸ovi gZ SziS‡i nq ZLb eyS‡Z n‡e mvi ˆZwi n‡q †M‡Q | cÖK…Zc‡¶ †Ku‡Pvi gjB n‡jv mvi hv Kv÷ bv‡gI cwiwPZ | G Ae¯’vq Pvjywb w`‡q †P‡j †KvKzb (‡Ku‡Pv wWg) Ges SiSiv Ask Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e | Pvjywbi wQ`ª 0.5 wgwjwgUvi n‡j fvj nq | cÖ_g av‡c †Ku‡Pv mvi ˆZwi n‡Z 20-25 w`b mgq jv‡M | • 10-15% Av`ª©Zvm¤úbœ Ae¯’vq †Ku‡Pv mvi msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e | A_©vr fvjfv‡e †iv‡` ïwK‡q cwjw_‡b mxj K‡I AvUwK‡q msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e | Gfv‡e msiw¶Z †Ku‡Pv mvi cÖvq GK eQi ch©š— fvj _v‡K |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
• 20-25 w`b ci ci mvi ˆZix n‡Z _vK‡e | cybivq Ave©Rbv ˆZix K‡i Mvgjvq †Ku‡Pv¸j‡K †Q‡o w`‡j 20/25 w`‡bi g‡a¨ Avevi cwigvYgZ mvi msMÖn Kiv hv‡e |
‡Ku‡Pv mvi e¨venvi G mvi Rwg ˆZwii mgq ivmvqwbK mv‡ii gZ wQwU‡q I gvwUi mv‡_ wgwk‡q e¨venvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib | eQi
mv‡ii cwigvb
Rwgi cwigvb
1g eQi
15 †KwR
1 kZvsk
2q eQi
7.5 †KwR
1 kZvsk
3q eQi
3.7 †KwR
1 kZvsk
gvwUi Ae¯’v †gvUv‡gvwU ¯^vfvweK n‡j D‡j−wLZ PvU© Abymv‡i mvi e¨venvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | Gi d‡j AvkvZxZ dj cvIqv hv‡e | Gfv†e ‡Ku‡Pv K‡¤úvó wZb eQi e¨venvi Ki‡j cieZx© `yÕeQi H Rwg‡Z †Zgb mvi e¨venv†ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv | hv cÖK…Z Drcv`b KiP Kwg‡q Avb‡e | gvwUi De©iZv hw` G‡Kev‡iB bv _v‡K Zvn‡j ‡Ku‡Pv mv‡ii cvkvcvwk cÖ_‡g eQi 70% ivmvqwbK mvi e¨venvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i |
m~Î: cÖvKwUKvj G·b House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
evwo wfwËK ¯Z‚c c×wZ‡Z Kg‡cv÷ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv: ¯Z‚c c×wZ‡Z Kg‡cvó mvi ˆZwii Rb¨ Ggb GKwU DPz RvqMvq wb©evPb Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b cvwb R‡g bv | †Mvqvj N‡ii cv‡k ev Lvgvi cÖv½‡Y RvqMv wb©evPb Kiv fvj | MvQZjvqI Kg‡cv÷ mvi ˆZwi Kiv hvq |
cÖ_‡g 3 wgUvi ‰`N¨ I 2 wgUvi cÖ¯’ cwiwgZ RvqMv †g‡c wb‡Z n‡e | Pvi †KvYvq PviwU LyuwU cyu‡Z PZzw`©‡K iwk Rwo‡q AvqZKvi †¶G ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e | †¶‡Gi †fZ‡i LoKzUv, AveR©bv, AvMvQv BZ¨vw` Kg‡cvó ˆZwii KuvPvgvj ¯—‡i ¯—‡i mvRv‡Z n‡e | hZ¶Y ch©š— bv GKwU ¯—i 30 †mwg DuP z nq ZZ¶Y ch©š— Kg‡cvó ˆZwii KuvPvgvj †mLv‡b ivL‡Z n‡e | cÖ_‡g ¯—iwU 30 †mwg DuPz n‡j 1 †KwR ¸uov ˆLj, 500 MÖvg BDwiqv I 200 MÖvg wUGmwc wQUv‡Z n‡e | G‡Z Ave©Rbvi ¯—iwU AvuUmvU n‡e Ges cPbwµqv Z¡ivwš^Z n‡e | Zvici ¯—wUi Dci 5 †mwg cwigvb cyi“ K‡I †Mve‡ii †jc w`‡Z n‡e | Gfv‡e 7wU ¯—i mvRv‡Z n‡e | mßg ¯—iwU Kzu‡o N‡ii Pvjvi gZ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z e„wói cvwb ¯Z‚‡ci †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek bv K‡I Mwo‡q wb‡P co‡Z cv‡i | ¯Z‚c cwjw_b Øviv †X‡j w`‡Z n‡e | wb‡Pi Q‡K ev‡qv Gw±‡fUi ˆZwii Dcv`vb I cwigvY D‡j−L Kiv n‡j | Kg‡cvó Gw±‡fUi 1. QÎvK B‡bvKzjvg `ªe¨ 2. ïKbv ¸uov †Mvei 3. ˆLj ¸uov 4. BDwiqv 5. wUGmwc 6.Ggwc 7.cvZv ‡gvU
cwigvY 1 †KwR 7 †KwR 5 †KwR 4 †KwR 1 †KwR 1 †KwR 1 †KwR 20 †KwR
Kg‡cvó mvi †`o `yB gv‡mi g‡a¨ Rwg‡Z e¨env‡ii Dc‡hvMx nq |
House Hold Waste Composting Guide_ Mohammad Ali, Project Engineer, Scaling up and Sustainability of Total Sanitation in Bangladesh (SSTSB), DAM & WSP World Bank
