History.docx

HISTORY Early history of ice skating Research suggests that the earliest ice skating happened in southern Finland more than 4,000 years ago. This was done to save energy during winter journeys.[1] Originally, skates were merely sharpened, flattened bone strapped to the bottom of the foot. Skaters did not actually skate on the ice, but rather glided on top of it.

Rising popularity and first clubs Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was briefly exiled in the 17th century. When he returned to England, this 'new' sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by people from all walks of life. The first organised skating club was the Edinburgh Skating Club, formed in the 1740s, (some claim the club was established as early as 1642).

Emergence as a sport Skating became popular as a recreation, a means of transport and spectator sport in The Fens in England for people from all walks of life. Racing was the preserve of workers, most of them agricultural labourers. It is not known when the first skating matches were held, but by the early nineteenth century racing was well established and the results of matches were reported in the press.[8] Skating as a sport developed on the lakes of Scotland and the canals of the Netherlands. In the 13th and 14th centuries wood was substituted for bone in skate blades, and in 1572 the first iron skates were manufactured.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of our cub is to promote the sport of figure skating and encourage interest and participation by the general public. Our membership is open to everyone and consists of recreational skaters, competitive skaters, coaches, judges, and non-skating boosters who help to support our club and its programs.

PERSONS INVOLVED Mirai Nagasu o Mirai Nagasu is the first American female figure skater in history to perform a triple axel at an Olympics, which she accomplished at the 2018 Games in PyeongChang, South Korea. o Nagasu began skating at the age of five. After competing at the junior level and entering the World Junior Championships in 2007 and 2008, (winning silver and bronze medals, respectively), Nagasu went on to compete in the Four Continent Championships and later in the World Championships, winning 7th place overall in 2010 and 10th overall in 2016 in the latter competition. She has medaled seven times in her career, receiving gold in 2008.

Adam Rippon o Figure skater Adam Rippon became the first openly gay American man to qualify for the Winter Olympics with his selection to the U.S. team for the 2018 PyeongChang Games. o Rippon's career got off to a very promising start when he won the 2007 junior Grand Prix Final title o At the 2018 nationals, Rippon fell on his opening jump of the long program and finished in fourth place.

Tonya Harding o Tonya Harding is an American figure skater who ruined her future in the sport when she was implicated in the attack on fellow skater Nancy Kerrigan at the 1994 Olympic trials. She went on to take the silver medal at the world championships, place fourth at the 1992 Winter Olympic Games in Albertville

RULES AND REGULATIONS

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Skate in a manner that does not endanger or interfere with other skaters Roughness, excessive speeding or weaving through other skaters is strictly prohibited. Skaters must follow the flow of traffic No figure skating or backward skating is permitted except in designated area. No more than two (2) people may skate next to each other. No valuable items i.e. loose accessories, jewelry, coins, foods, drinks, camera, walkman, radio, mobile etc.) Should be brought into the ice rink Smoking is not allowed in the skating rink. Sitting or clinging on the handrail is strictly forbidden. Rented skating boots must be returned in the same condition Persons who appear to be under the influence of alcohol or other substances will be asked to leave the centre. Fun Land Centre staff will not be held responsible for any loss or damage to personal property. For your comfort we recommend the following items of clothing should be worn: Hand gloves, Trousers/leg warmers, Sport socks & Helmets for small children.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES o

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Better balance Skating helps improve balance and coordination, according to research from the Sports Medicine And Performance Centre at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Calorie expenditure While speed skaters can expend 950 calories per hour, even mere mortals can burn 450-600 calories on the ice. What's more, the body has to work harder to maintain core temperature in chilly conditions Aerobic power According to a study in the European Journal of Applied Physiology, elite skaters demonstrated high levels of aerobic power (the amount of energy that can be produced aerobically per unit of time) both in skating and in cycling Strong thighs The bent knee position means that the thighs are working continuously. Research from University Hospital of Northern Sweden found that the strength of the quadriceps muscles of pro skaters was related to the number of hours spent training per week Higher bone density A study in the Journal Of Bone And Mineral Research found that, after 30 months of ice hockey training, bone density throughout the body, particularly in the hip and spine, had increased significantly. Further increases were seen after 70 months

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Breathing problems Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is high among ice-rink athletes, probably due to breathing in air pollutants used to maintain the ice rink. A study in the journal Medicine & Science In Sport & Exercise found that 39.5% of female ice hockey players had symptoms of EIB. Lack of safety equipment Unlike inline skaters, ice skaters don't wear helmets, wrist, elbow or knee guards. While the smooth surface reduces the incidence of cuts and grazes, statistics show that ice skaters suffer more head injuries than inline (roller) skaters. Your age It's difficult to take up ice skating seriously as an adult, as most coaching is aimed at children.

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Improves joint flexibility: If your leg joints creak every time you rise from your bed in the morning, ice skating could offer a real solution. With its emphasis on quick foot movements and strong knees, your leg joints will receive a great workout and hopefully feel more flexible in no time.

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Builds leg muscles: Focusing on lower-body movement, ice skating offers great exercise for the leg muscles, building and toning them up over time.

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Cardio: Aerobic exercise is an important aspect of cardiovascular health, and ice skating provides a great aerobic workout. The best part about skating is you get a great cardio workout without even knowing it.

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Endurance: Ice skating requires energy over an extended period of time, making it a great way to build your endurance. The longer you skate, the more you’ll improve your endurance, not just for ice skating but for other sports and activities as well.

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Weight management: If you are trying to lose or maintain your weight, ice skating is a good way to burn calories while having fun! Ice skating burns from 300-650 calories per hour, depending on how hard you skate.

IMPORTANCE

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Mental fitness: The fresh air and sunshine in outdoor ice skating, as well as the company of family and friends, greatly help in unwinding from a long week of work and stress. Self confidence is definitely improved as well.

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Stress relief: Regular physical activity like ice skating can help combat the effects of stress. Ice skating is one of the most fun ways to exercise, especially if you skate outdoors where you can soak up the scenery and enjoy nature.

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Ice skating is a life sport.

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Ice skating is a life sport.

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They learn good sportsmanship and they develop social skills.

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Best of all, ice skating is a fun sport that children can do with anyone. Parents, grandparents, friends and siblings can all participate.

EQUIPMENTS Ice Skating Boots

Ice skating boots are constructed from stiff leather to provide support to the ankle and foot. The most important thing to consider when buying ice skating boots is the fit.

Ice Skating Blades

Ice skating blades are not completely flat from one tip to the other; instead, they have a small curve referred to as the rocker.

Ice Skating Clothing

There is not a dress code for ice rinks or frozen ponds, but you do want to consider some important aspects when deciding what to wear.

Ice Skating Hard Shell Helmet

Helmet is one of the most important equipment in the speed skating as there are maximum number of head injuries.

Ice Skating Knee and Shin Pads

Knee injury is also quite common and can be very dangerous hence, knee pads are also compulsory.

Ice Skating Knee and Shin Pads

You need to have gloves which can protect you from cuts and other hand injuries. Padded ski gloves and leather gloves are considered to be the best.

Ice Skating Bib Style Neck Guard

To protect your neck from any such injury, get a neck protector which must cover your neck as well as upper chest area. It should also be cut resistant.

Ice Skating Elbow Pads

Elbow pad is necessary in case of beginners as they tend to fall on their elbows. Experienced skaters may not need this equipment. Hockey elbow pads or rollerblading elbow pads will also do.

ASSOCIATIONS U.S. Ice Rink Association The U.S. Ice Rink Association (Formerly STAR) is a nonprofit national membership organization for individuals, facilities and vendors in the ice rink and arena industry. Formed in 2000 through a joint venture between U.S. Figure Skating and USA Hockey with the intent of servicing the needs of ice-skating facility owners and operators in the United States.

Philippine Skating Union (PhSU)

The Philippine Skating Union (PhSU) is the sports governing body of the Philippines for figure skating and short track speedskating. PhSU was granted provisional membership on June 13, 2004 by the International Skating Union.

ACLC COLLEGE OF IRIGA SAN MIGUEL IRIGA CITY

IRISH JOY L. DE LIMA STEM 11- B

ERIC P. DAYAO PE INSTRUCTOR