History Of The Electric Car.pdf

3/19/2019

Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

AAA - Automobile and Aviation Workshops AAA (corporation for accumulators and automotive industry)

1919-1920 France paris 1919-1925 Germany - Driesen, Brandenburg

ABB e=motion (Colin Fallows)

2003

...

Abbey Racer - Faversham's Abbey School

2008

Britain

1992-...

United States - San Diemas, California

A.C. Propulsion Systems Inc. Accumulator Industries

1902-1903 ...

Accelerated Composites Aptera

2006

United States, California

Acoma

1977

France, Angers

2006-...

France - Fun, Yvelines

Acura (Honda)

2002

Japan

Addax

1975

France

2005-...

France - Roquebrune sur Argens, Var

Advanced Technology (Grumman-Northrop)

1997

United States

AECV (All Electric Combat Vehicle, NATO)

2002

United States

1928-...

Germany - Berlin

A.E.I. Limited

1967

Britain

AEM - Soci

1967

Britain

Acrea - Zest (Stéphane Solbach)

A.D.S. Technologies (Ecolostation, Bruno Causse)

A.E.G.

AEM Electro-Mechanical Application Company Aeric (Mildé - Krieger) A.F.A. Aixam-Mega Automobiles (ex-Arola) Ajax Motor Vehicle Co (Simpson brothers) AKASOL Project

1919-1927 France - Neuilly 1941-1943 France paris 1943

France

1983-...

France - Aix-les-Bains, Savoie

1901-1903 United States - New York City 2000-...

Allemagne - Darmstadt

AL (Electro-Mechanical Energy)

1907-1909 France paris

Alco - American Locomotive Company (licence Berliet)

1905-1913 United States

Alex

1916-1920 Scotland - Edinburgh

Alexandra

1905-1906 ...

Alfi

1922-1924 ...

General automobile company Berlin

1901

Germany - Berlin

General automobile company Motorgahrzegge

1901

Germany - Cologne

Allis-Chalmers

1965

United States

Alternative

2004

Canada - Quebec

Altha Auto & Power Co

xx

United States - Dover, Delaware

another

xx

Switzerland - Geneva, ve

Amectran Company

197x

United States - Dallas, Texas

American Bicycle Co

1901

United States - Indianapolis

American Electric (American Motor Car Co) American Electric Vehicle Co American Electric Vehicle Co - American Vehicle Co American Electric (Argo, Borland & Broc) AMC - American Motors Corporation (with Gulton Industries)

1902-1910 United States - Cleveland, Ohio 1896 1898

United States - Chicago

1899-1902 United States - New York 1913-1915 United States 1968-x

United States

American Walker Electric Van

19..

United States / Great Britain

AM General

1975

United States

Amiot & Peneau

1897-1905 France - Asnières, Seine

Amorton Car

1986

...

AMP - Advanced Mechanical Products Inc.

2008

United States - Cincinnati, Ohio

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Anderson Carriage Co.

1906-1911 United States - Port Huron / Detroit MI

Anderson Electric Car Co

1911 1919

United States - Detroit MI

Anderson Power Products Inc

1972

United States

xx

Etats-Unis - Colorado Springs, Colorado

1897

United States - Los Angeles, California

Antro Group Alternative Energy Powered Vehicle Manufacturing Company (Zsolt Hegedüs)

2008-...

Hungary

Appolo Energy Systems, Inc. (Robert Aronsson)

2008-...

United States - Pompano Beach, Florida

1957

...

2008-...

Inside - New Dehli

1912-1916

United States - Saginaw MI / Jackson, MI

Ariel Motor Co

2007

United States

S. Armbruster

1901

Austria - Vienna

Arola / Aixam

1974-...

France

xx

Great Britain - Underwood, Paisley

Anthony Earle C Anthony

Arbel Argentum Motors (Heuliez) The Argo Electric Vehicle Company (Metzger-Herrington Argo Co.)

Arrol-Aster (the Mo-Car Syndicate Ltd) Arrol-Johnston (the Mo-Car Syndicate Ltd)

1895-1931 Ecosse - Heathhall, Dumfries

Dave Arthurs (Opel GT hybrtide)

1979

United States - Springdale, Arkansas

Aruanda (Ari Antonio da Rocha)

1964

Brazil

Paul Arzens Aspire (Wuhan University of Technology) That (Akkumulatorenfbk AG) Astris Taxi upstairs

1938-1942 France paris 2004

China

1921-1925 Czechoslovakia - Prague II 1999-2000 Canada - Mississauga, Ontario

Atlantic Vehicle Company

1912

Etats-Uins - Newark, New Jersey

ATW Autotechnik Walther

1990

Germany - Bad Rappeneau

xx

Germany

Audi Aurora solar car (Aurora Vehicle Association Inc) Ausonia Vetture Elettriche Camona, Giussani, Turinell & Co

2003-2005 Australie - Melbourne 1903-1906 Italy - Milan

Austro-Daimler

1917

Austria

The Autocab Company

1901

France paris

AUTELEC

1943

France

Autobianchi

xx

Italy

Auto Club

1899

...

The Autodynamic Co.

1901

United States - New York

2007-...

Switzerland - Fririer

1947-1970

United States - Long Beach, California

Autolite

1968

...

Auto-Lux

1937

Italy - Milan

Autos & Energies Sarl (ex-SSP SA, Pierre Scholl) Autoette Electric Car Co. (Royce Seevers, Blood Sales Co., Wayne Manufacturing Co. Puis famille Seevers)

Automatic Electric Transportation Co

1914-1916 United States - Buffalo, New York

The Automatic Electric Transmission Co

1920-1927 United States - Buffalo, New York

The Auto-Mixte (Société Anonyme Auto-Mixte) The Auto Red Bug bumper cars http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1905-1912 Belgium - Liège 1923-1928 United States - Milwaukee xx

France 2/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Autos & Energie Ernst Auwärter AG (VW Golf) Averley - G. Averly

2005

...

1985-x

Germany - Seinenbrom

1898-1901 France - Lyon

Avia (Tudor SA)

197x

Spain

Ayrton & Perry - Londres

1883

Britain

Babcock Electric Carriage Co

19061912

United States - Buffalo, New York

Baby-Rhône

1941

France

Otto von Bachelle

19011902

United States - Chicago

S. R. Bailey & Co

19071916

United States - Amesbury, Massassuchets

Bajaj

1950

...

Baker & Elberg

18941895

United States - Kansas City MO

Baker Motor Vehicle Co (Walter C. Baker, 1868-1955)

18991915

United States - Cleveland Screw, Ohio

Baker, Rauch & Lang Baker Raulang - Baker, Rauch & Co

19151916

United States

Baker

1994

United States

Barrows Electric Auto-Buggy Barrows Vehicle Co

18961899

United States New York NY / Willimantic CT

1992-...

United States

Batricar

1983

Britain

Battery Box (Roger Hedlund)

19741975

...

Battronic Truck Corporation

19641990

United States - Boyertown, Pennsylvania

Beardsley & Hubbs Manufacturing Co

19011902

United States - Ohio

Beardsley Electric Co (Volney S. Beardsley)

19151917

United States, Los Angeles, CA / Culver City, CA

Bedford Commercial Vehicles

1985x

Great Britain - Luton, Bedfordshire

Beechcraft - Beechcraft Aeroplane Company

1948

United States

B.E.F.

19071913

...

Beijing BIT Clean EV Co LTD (Beijing Institute of Technology)

2003

China

Beijing CITIC guoan mengguli institute of new materail technology Co Ltd

2004

China

Beijing Jinghua coach Co Ltd (Beijing Institute of Technology)

2004

China

Bat International

Old Society of Cycles and Automobiles Belgica

Belgium - Brussels 2002 2005...

France - 85 Talmont-Saint-Hilaire

Belmont Electric Auto Company

1916

United States

Bendix Corporation SLRV (NASA - Surveyor Lunar Roving Vehicle)

1965

United States

Berg Electric

19211922

United States

Bergmann Elektrizitats-Werke AG

19111925

Germany - Berlin

Berliet (Marius Berliet)

1924-x

France

Berlin electromobile factory AG

19111925

Germany - Berlin

Bellier J. (ex-Bel Motor)

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Walter C. Bersey

18931899

Great Britain, London

Bertone

1992-x

Italy

1904

United States

2005-...

United States - Palo Alto, CA

B.F.C. - Beijing North Huade Neoplan Bus Co Ltd (Beijing Institute of Technology)

2004

China

BGS - Bouquet, Garcin & Schivre (Society of electric cars and BGS system accumulators)

18991906

France - Neuilly sur Seine

Binney & Burnham

18991902

United States - Boston, Massachussets

Bi-Scot (Philippe Bone, Creacar)

1994-...

France - Ussel, Coorèze

Bicycle Company Waverly Plant (ex-Cleveland Automatic, Elmer A. Sperry)

1896-...

United States - Indianapolis, Indiana

Binghamton Electric Truck Co

1920

United States - Binghampton, New York

Fahrradwerke Bismarck GmbH

1901

Germany - Nergerhof / Radewormwalde

Blakeslee

19061907

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

Bleichert Transport Systems GmbH

19281939

Germany - Berlin / Leipzig

Bleriot

19411943

France

Blimline

1897

United States

Blondel & Crépin

19011905

France - Amiens, Somme

B.M.A. Hazelcar

19521957

...

1987-...

Germany

B.M.W - Boulevard Machine Works

19491966

United States - Los Angeles, California

Boeing

1971199x

United States

Bogard

18981900

France

2004-...

France

Berwick Auto Car Company Better Place (Shai Agassi, Founder and CEO)

BMW

Bolloré Blue Car Bombardier

2002

...

Philippe Bone (QLMOP)

1996

France

H.F. Borbein Co.

1903

United States - Saint Louis, Missouri

Borland - Borland-Grannis Co

19031916

United States - Chicago IL / Saginaw MI

Bosch

1969

Germany

1901

Belgium - Brussels-Cureghem

xx

...

1998

Belgium

1966-...

United States - Pensacola, Florida

Bradley GTE

197x

...

Braun Elec

1974

...

Brecht Automobile Co

19011903

United States - Saint Louis, Missouri

Aviation workshops Louis Bréguet

19401944

France - Toulouse

Bridgestone (motor-wheel)

2004

United States

Boty Electrical Equipment and Installations Limited Company Bouquet Boxel Boyertown Trolley Corporation (Battronic Truck Corporation)

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Briggs & Stratton

1980

...

Britannia Works (Vaughan-Sherrin)

18961899

Great Britain - Colchester

The Broc Carriage & Wagon Co

19091916

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

Brodeau

19401942

France

Brunn's Carriage Manufacturing Co

19061910

United States - Buffalo, New York

Brush Electric Co (General Manager N. S. Possons)

1886

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

Brush Engineering (Brush Pony Milk Float)

1967

Grande-Bretagne - Loughborough

Bucher Lightweight Construction AG

1992

...

The Buffalo Electric Carriage Company

19001901

United States - Buffalo, New York

Buffalo Automobile Company

19011906

United States

Buffalo Electric Co - Buffalo Electric Vehicle Co (Francis A. Babcock - Van Wagogoner...)

19031915

United States - Buffalo NY

Bugatti

19261931

France

Buick Skylark Hybrid (Engineers Victor Wouk and Charlie Rosen)

1974

United States

Bushburry Electric (Star Cycle)

1897

Great Britain - Wolverhampton

2002-...

Chine - Beijing

The Byrider Electric Auto Co. (John & William A. Byrider)

BYD Auto Co. Ltd

19071910

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

BYU - Brigham Young University

20042005

United States

B&Z. Electric Car Co (Billard & Zarpe)

1961-x

United States - Long Beach, California

xx

Canada

Caledonian

18991906

Ecosse - Aberdeen

California

19001903

United States

California Electric Cars (Craig Campbell)

1995

United States - Seaside, California

Calstart

1993

United States - Burbank, California

Canada General Electric

1899

Canada - Peterboro

Canadian Motor (W.J. Still)

19001902

Canada - Toronto, Ontario

Canadian Motor Syndicate

18951899

Canada

Cantono (E. Cantono)

1904 1907

Italy

The Cantono Electric Tractor Co (under license)

1904 1907

United States - Canton OH

Caprera Algol

1969

...

Caramagna

1901

Italy - Turin

Cardinet (French Company of Electromobile Cars)

19001907

France paris

Joseph Carli

1894

Italy - Castelnuovo

H.H. Carpenter

1895

United States - Denver, Colorado

Carter Engineering Company Ltd

1967

Britain

CABAC - Canadian Cycle & Motor Company (E.R. Thomas Motor Company)

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Carville (ex-Pilcar, Franco Sbarro) Goes to Société Romande d'Electricité Clarens

1979

Suisse

Chestnut

2006

...

Casler (B. G. Casler)

1901

United States - Chicago IL

Cedar (François Guerbet)

19751987

France - Holy Cross Volvestre

Centaur (George Barris - Hybricon)

1978-x

United States - North Hollywood, California

Century Motor Vehicle Co

18991903

United States - Syracuse, New York

Century Motor Co - Century Elelectric Car Co

19111915

United States - Detroit, Michigan

RIGHT

2006

...

C.E.V. - Chargebroad Electric Vehicle Co Ltd

2004

...

CFVE French Electromobile Cars Company

18981901

France paris

CGE General Electric Company Ing. Gregory

19411946

France - Paris / Asnières

CGE Grégoire

19701975

France

CGECA Spanish General Compania de Coches Automoviles (E. de la Quadra)

1901

Spain- Barcelona

Champrobert - From Champrobert

19011905

France - Levallois-Perret

Cars E. Hats

19401942

France - Lyon

Chapman AKA Electromobile (Belknap Motor Co - W H Chapman)

18991902

United States - Portland, Maine

Charger (moto Auranthetic)

1976

United States

Charles Town-About (Dr Charles H. Graves, Stinson Aircraft Toll Corp)

19581959

United States - San Diego, California

Chelsea - Wandsworth Engineering Works

19221924

Great Britain - London

Chenhall

19021906

...

Chery Automobiles

2008-...

China - Wuhu, Anhui Province

Chevrolet

1992-...

United States

19121916

United States - Chicago IL

Chicago Electric Motor Co

Chika (Li Shi Guang Ming, China Automobile France, ex Tang Hua) 2008 Chloride Technical

China

xx

...

1979-...

United States

Chrysler-Westinghouse

1992

United States

The Church-Field Motor Co

19121913

United States - Sibley, Michigan

ICES Company of the Electrical and Mechanical Industry

19041906

Switzerland - Geneva

Chrysler Corporation

Citicar 1974(Eric Jelinski - Sebring Vanguard, Inc., Electric Vehicles: CitiCar) 1976 Citroën Automobiles

United States

1990-...

France

City & Suburban Electric Carriage Co Ltd

19011905

Great Britain - Niagara

City Car (MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

2007

United States - Massachusetts

1995-...

Germany

Citycom AG (CityEL) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

A. (Albert) F. Clark Co

1903 1905

...

Clean Liner (Satoru Sugiyama)

1992

Japan

Cleanair - Californie

19911992

United States

xx

...

Cleco Electric Industries Ltd

19351940

Great Britain - Leicester

Clémençon

19041906

France

Clément (Electromotion - Columbia)

1900

France

1896-...

United States - Indianapolis, Indiana

Cleveland Machine Screw Co (Elmer A. Sperry)

18991901

United States - Clevemand, Ohio

Cleveland Electric Vehicle Co

1909 1910

United States - Clevemand, Ohio

Clift

18991902

Britain

Cloumobil

19061908

...

Club Car

xx

United States - Augusta, Georgia

19441946

Spain - Valencia

Coaster

xx

...

Colani

1992

...

Colenta Elektromobile

1990

Germany - Dreisbach

Collins Electric Vehicle Co

1901

United States - Scranton, Pennsylvania

Clear & Dunham

Cleveland Automatic (Elmer A. Sperry, Bicycle Company Waverly Plant)

CMV - Mobile Construction of Valencia

Colonial

1913

United States

Columbia & Electric Vehicle Company (colonel Pope, United State Motor Company)

18961913

United States - Hartford CT / New York

Columbia Electric Vehicle Co (E. T. Birdsall)

1914 1918

United States - Detroit MI

Columbia Electric Vehicle Company - Columbia Motors Co.

19161926

United States - Detroit, Michigan

The Columbus Buggy Co (Clinton Dewitt Firestone)

19021915

United States - Columbus, Ohio

Columbia

2002

United States

L. Combes

1901

France - Bois-Colombes, Seine

xx

France - 64 Anglet

Commercial

19101918

United States - Philadelphia

Commuter Vehicles Inc. (Jim Tervort, ex-Sebring-Vanguard)

19771988

United States - Sebring

2002-...

United States - Los Angeles, California

Compagnie Générale des Cars

18xx

France paris

New Electric Vehicles and Cars Company of Grand Hotel (Riker)

1901

France paris

Parisian Electric Taxautos Company, Kriéger system

1907

France paris

Parisian Company of Electric Cars (Krieger process)

1901

France - Paris / Courbevoie

C.D.A. - Copper Development Association Inc.

19691979x

United States - New York

xx

...

CO.ME.GO Golfette

Commuter Cars - Tango (Rick Woodbury)

Concordia University http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Connaught

2005

Britain

Copper Development Association, Inc.

19751979x

United States

Corbin Motors - Corbin-Gentry (Mike Corbin)

197x

...

Corbin Motor Company

19962002

United States - California

C-Zen Courb 2008-... (Jean-Yves Castellon and Hervé Arnaud, Zero Harmful Emission) Courrèges (Coqueline Courrèges)

France - Lyon

2000-...

France

1888

Great Britain - Coventry

2002-...

France - Ussel, Coorèze

18991906

France - Courbevoie, Seine

xx

...

1996-...

Switzerland - Biel

C.R.F.

2005

...

Henri Crochat (AZG electric truck)

1919

France - Dijon

xx

...

Crowdus Automobile Co

19011903

United States - Chicago, Illinois

Crown Magnetic (J.L. Crown, ex-Owen)

19201921

United States - Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania

CTA (Automobile Transport Company, Jenatzy system

18xx

France

xx

...

The Cushman Motor Works

1936-...

Canada

Cushman

1975-...

Canada

O.M.C. Lincoln Cushman

1982

United States

Custer

19531960

...

Coventry Machinist Company (ex-Coventry Sewing Machine Company, J.K Starley) Creacar (Biscot) Créanche Creative Automotive Research CREE SA / SAM (Creation Research Engineering + Ecology SA)

Crompton Electricars

Current-Fare (Electric Vehicle Associates)

xx

...

CyberCars & CyberMove

C-V Electric Truck

2004

France - Antibes - Juan les Pins

CyCab (INRIA, National Institute of Research in Computer Science and Automation)

1998

France

Daihatsu

1967-...

Japan

xx

Germany

Daimler-Chrysler

2004

Germany / United States

Darling (Beardsley & Hubbs Mfg. Co)

1901 1902

United States, Shelby OH

Alexandre Darracq

1896

France paris

Darracq-Gladiator

1897 1908

France paris

Dassault Cleanova

2004

France

Thomas Davenport

1833-1837

Etats-Unis Brandon, Vermont / Troy, New York

Daimler Benz

David David & Bourgeois (P. Gautier) Andrew Davidson Dayton Electric Car Co

1913-1956 ... 1898-1901 France paris 1842

Scotland - Edinburgh

1911-1915 United States - Dayton, Ohio

Dayton Electricar Corporation

197x

United States

From Dion Button

1894

France

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Deering Magnetic (Owen System)

1918

United States

Delaunay-Belleville (Pierre and Robert Delaunay-Belleville)

194x

France

DeMars Electric Vehicle Co Demi - Driesbach Electromotive Inc Demissene

1904-1906 United States - Cleveland, Ohio 1982

United States - Santa Barbara, California

1901-1903 Belgium - Brussels

Deshaies Inc.

2006

Canada - Quebec

De Soto

1959

United States

2008-...

Turkey - Ankara

Design us Detroit Automobile Co Detroit Electric Car Co (Anderson Electric Car Company)

1907-1939 United States - Detroit, Michigan

Detroiter - Briggs-Detroiter Company (Claude S. Briggs et John A. Boyd)

1912-1917 United States - Detroit, Michigan

D.E.W. - Zschopauer Motorenwerke J.S. Rasmussen AG (D.E. Willis)

1924-1929 United States - Berlin

Harry E. Dey & Steimetz

1915

United States

Dey Electric Co - Dey Electrical Vehicle Syndicate (Harry E. Dey)

1915 1917

United States - New York, Pennsylvania

Dickson's Carriage Works

1893

Canada - Ontario

1984-x

United States

Educate Alfred Dinin & Cie Dixon Carriage Works (John Dixon et Frederick Featherstonhaugh)

1904-1907 France - Puteaux, Seine xx

...

Dodge

1980

United States

Dolphin (B.A.T. International)

1980's

...

Dolphin Vehicles (Alex Smith)

198x

United States

Dongfeng Electric Vehicle Co Ltd

2002

China

Dora Rick G Doran Golden - Doré & Buissou

1899-1910 Italy - Genoa 198x

United States

1898-1901 France - Levallois-Perret

Dragonfly

197x

...

Draulette & Catois

1897

France

Drive Electric (Bob Dean, Sal Caravello)

1995

United States - Sacramento, California

DTL

1960

United States

Duco - T.F. Dunker & Co. Dudley Bug (Menominee Electric Mfg. Co) Duracar Quicc

1921-1925 Germany - Berlin 1915

United States - Menominee MI

2008-...

Netherlands

Duryea

1899

United States

Dynamo Jr.

1959

United States

Dynamobile

1906-1908 ...

Dynasty Electric Vehicles Ltd (Abdul Wahid) E.A.A. - Electric Automobile Association

1999-...

Canada - Chester Road Delta, BC

xx

...

Ken Eacrett

1979

United States - California

Eagle

1915

United States - Detroit, Michigan

Eagle-Pitcher Industries Inc.

1972199x

United States

Eagle Electric Golf Cart (Lad Industries Inc.)

1976

...

xx

...

Eaglet -Silent Transport Ltd

Eagle Marketing

1948

Great Britain - Woking

Eastman Electro Cycle (H.F. Eastman)

18991902

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

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Eaton

1898

E.C.C. (Electric Construction Company, Thomas Hugh Parker)

1884189x

Britain

ELV - Eco & Mobility

United States - Boston, Massachussets

2008-...

France - Poitou / Charentes

Eco Drive AG

1992

Germany - Stafa

Eco Electric Corporation (Mary Ann Chapman)

1995

United States - Tucson, Arizona

EDAG GmbH & Co

2009

Germany - Fulda

Eddy Electric Manufacturing. Co

1902

United States - Windsor, Connecticut

Thomas Edison

1889

United States

Edison & Field

1883

United States - Chicago, Illinois

EEL (Daf 44 - EFP - Electric Fuel Propulsion)

1969

United States

Effedi Elettrone

2005-...

Italy

E.F.P. - Electric Fuel Propulsion Inc. - E.A.C - Electric Auto Corporation (Robert Aronson)

1967-...

United States, Troy

Eisenach

18981903

Germany

Eisenring (Markus Eisenring)

1992

Suisse - Niederuzwill

Extruder

1905

Britain

Elcar Corporation

19761977

United States

1985-...

Finland - Jarvenpaa

Elecctra

18991900

...

Electro-car Pöhlmann EL, Steinbock AG

1982x

Switzerland - Zýrich

Electra (H. Kruger)

18991900

Germany - Berlin

Electra Storage Battery Power Co

19131915

United States - Chicago, Illinois

Electra (P. Faure)

19411942

France

Electra (The Ray Thomas Co. Inc.)

1968

United States

xx

...

Electra-Car - E.T. Systems

1981

Canada - Toronto, Ontario

Electraph

19411942

France - Nice

Elcat

Electra (Die Mesh Corp,)

Electra Spider - Die Mesh Corp

197x

...

Electra Van (Jet Industries Inc.)

1978

United States

Electrek (Unique Mobility)

1982

...

Electrette (Lansden Co)

19061908

United States - Newark NJ

Electricar (M. A. Couaillet)

19191924

France paris

Electricar

19501966

France paris

Electricars Ltd

1985

Grande-Bretagne - Atherstone, Warehouse

Electric Auto

1981

United States - Southfield, Minesota

Electric Auto Association

xx

...

Electric Auto Corporation - Apollo Energy Systems

xx

...

Electric Car Company of America, Inc. (Richard Mayer & Don Eaton)

1995

United States - North Hollywood, California

Electric Carriage & Garage

1902

Britain

Electric Carriage & Wagon Co

1894-

United States - Philadelphia

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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(Henry G. Morris & Pedro G. Salom)

1901

The Electric Construction Company Ltd (Thomas H. Parker et P. Bedford Elwell)

18861896x

Britain

xx

...

Electricia - Contal C system

Electric Equipment

1901

France

Electricity Council (Enfield)

xx

Britain

EMP - Electric Motive Power

1897

United States

Electric Passenger Cars & Vans Inc.

1979

United States

Electric Power Storage

1967

Great Britain - Manchester

Electricshaw (Dr. Peter Quandt)

197x

Canada - Edmonton, Alberta

Electric Shopper Co Electric Car Co. of California Inc.

19521962

United States - Long Beach, California

Electric Terrier (British Leyland)

198x

Britain

Electric Test One - General Electric et Chrysler

1978

United States

Electric Vehicle Co. 1899William C. Whitney, P. A. B. Widener, Anthony N. Brady, Thomas F. 1907 Ryan, et. al.

United States - Elizabeth, New Jersey

Electric Vehicle Custom Conversions (Larry Foster)

1995

United States - Rowland Heights, California

Electric Wheel Company

1915x

United States - Quincy, illinois

L'Electrilivreur

193x

...

1976-...

United States - Felton, California

Electrobat - Morris & Salom

18941897

United States - Philadelphia

Electro Car Inc

197x

United States

Electrocycle

19451946

France

xx

France - Asnières, Seine

Electrogenia (Louis Krieger)

19031905

France - Levallois-Perret

Electrolette Parisian Company of Electric Cars

19411943

France - Nice

Electro Master - Nepa Manufacturing Company

19621969

United States - Pasadena, California

French Electromobile Cars Company

18981900

France paris

The Electromobile (René Legros and Albert Meynier)

19001901

France

Electromobile - British Electromobile Co Ltd

19011920

Great Britain - London

Electromobile

19061908

France

Electromobile

1990

Germany

Electromotion

19001909

France - Neuilly sur Seine

Electromotion Inc (Otis et EVA-Chloride)

1973

United States - Bedford, Massachusetts

Electron

19071908

France

xx

in

Electronic La Saetta - Electronic Motor Car Corp.

1955

United States - Salt Lake City, Utah

Electro-Renard

19431946

France - Lyon

Electroscoot

1996

...

Electrosport

1972-

...

Electro Automotive (Michael Brown)

L'Electrocyclette (A.E.M.)

Electrona 24 - Silencia Electroped (Electromobiles)

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

11/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

1976 Electro-Sport

1980

...

Elektra King - B&Z Electric Car Co.

19611976

United States Long Beach / Signal Hill, California

Elektric

19221924

...

Electric carts

1971

...

Elestra - Electricity of Strasbourg

1985

France - Strasbourg

Elgin Automobile Co

18991900

United States

Propeller

2003

...

Elieson Lamina Accumlator Co Ltd

18971901

Great Britain - London

Eliica Electric Lithium Ion Car, MM Shimizu et Fukuda, université Keio, Tokyo

2005

Japan - Tokyo

Elite-Werke AG

1917

Germany - Berlin

Elite

19201928

Germany - Brand-Erbisdorf, Saxony

Ellis - Triumph Motor Vehicle Co

1900

Germany - Chicago, Illinois

Elmo - Electromobile

19191920

Great Britain - London

Elobil

1981

Germany

xx

...

19091910

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

2003-...

Germany - Einbeck

E.M.P.

18971900

...

Endura - Globe-Union

1978

United States

Energine PHEV (Pneumatic Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Corée)

2007

Korea

Energy Partners - The Green Car

1995

United States - West Palm Beach, Florida

Enfield Automotive Company Enfield Automotive of London

195x1976

Great Britain - London / Isle of Wight

Justus B Entz (Electric Storage Battery)

1897

United States - Philadelphia

Automobiles Erad (Company Studies and Automobiles Douaisis)

1990-...

France - Aniche, North

ERE - Rolling Electric Machine

1993-...

France

Erie & Sturges

1897

United States - Los Angeles, California

ERPI-1

1970

U.R.S.S.

E.R. Thomas Motor Company

1901

Canada - Toronto, Ontario

Charles Escoffery

1925

France

Elroy Engineering Elwell-Parker Electric Co E. Mobile Technologies GmbH (Arrow, Ulrich Bien)

1994-...

Germany

ETS Electric (Axel Gringmuth)

Esoro AG

1995

Canada - North Vancouver

ETV-1 (U.S. government, DOE et General Electric)

197x

United States

ETV-2 (Garrett / AiResearch for the US government, DOE)

197x

United States

E.V.A. - Electric Vehicle Associates

19741982

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

EVA-Chloride Silent Rider (Electric Vehicle Associates de Cleveland, Ohio et the Chloride Battery company, GB.)

197x

United States / Great Britain

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

E.V.A.C. - Electric Vehicle Association of Canada

1978

Canada

EVI Inc

197x

United States - Sterling, Michigan

EVR-1

1977

United States

Exel Electric Vehicles

19921995

France - 74 Alby on Cheran

Exide (The Electric Storage Battery Co.)

18881913x

United States - Philadelphia

Express bicycle works Akt. Ges.

18821901

Germany - Neumark

Eyeball Engineering (Ed Rannberg)

1995

United States - Fontana, California

E-Z-GO

1971

United States

National Factory of Arms of War

1901

Belgium - Herstal

Fairclough Electric Vehicles Ltd

1983

Britain

FAL - Forges and Workshops of Lyon

19411948

France - Villeurbanne, Rhone

FAM Automobiles (Pierre Goll et Pascal Bernard, F-City)

2008-...

France - Technoland Etupes

F.J. Fanning Manufacturing Co

19021903

United States - Chicago, Illinois

Farmer (Moses Farmer)

1847

Great Britain - Dover

Faun-Werke AG

19101930

Germany - Nuremberg

Camille Faure and Jules Raffard

18801881

France

Pierre Faure

19401947

France paris

Favel

19411943

France - Marseille

F.A.W.(First Automobile Works) - China EV1 (Thundersky)

2003

China

Frederick Featherstonhaugh

1893

Canada - Toronto, Ontario

Feel Good Cars

xx

...

Fenwick

xx

...

Fever Project (Volvo, Air Liquide ..).

2001

Europe

Fiamm

1995

Italy

Fabbricca Italiana di Automobili - FIAT

1901-x

Italy, Turin

Fielder

18991900

Germany

1987-...

Italy

Fischer

1903

Great Britain - London

Fischer

19121913

United States

Ficher Electric

1961

United States

Fisker Automotive Inc. (Henrik Fisker)

2009

United States - Irvine, California

Flanders Manufacturing Co

19111915

United States - Pontiac, Michigan

Flankel

xx

...

Flinders University

xx

...

1901

Belgium - Herstal

1913-...

United States / England / Germany

Fioravanti

FN - National War Weapons Factory Ford Motor Co Formula EV X-01 (Japanese EV club)

xx

...

Phil Foss

1998

United States

Foster Automobile Manufacturing Co

18981905

United States - Rochester, New York

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

F.R.A.M.

19111935

Germany

Frazer-Nash

2001

United States

Free-Way - H-M Vehicles Inc.

19781979

United States - Minnesota

197x-...

Great Britain - Birmingham

French Electrical Power Storage Co (Riffard)

1883

France

Fridez-Solar

198x199x

Suisse

Fritchle Automobile & Battery Co

19041922

United States - Denver, Colorado

Early (Early Pietro)

1979

Italy - Moncalieri

Fuldamobil electrical equipment company Elektromaschinenbau Fulda GmbH

19501960

Germany - Fulda

xx

Italy

Melted

2007

Japan

Futura Propulsion Systems (Don Moriaty)

1995

United States - Mission Viejo, California

Freight-Rover (British Leyland)

bolt

Galileo

1904

Italy - Florence?

Gallia (Galliette) companies The Electric and SFAE (French Automobile Electric)

19031908

France paris

Galt Motor Company

19111935

Canada - Galt/Cambridge, Ontario

Garcin (B.G.S.)

18981903

France

xx

...

Garrard & Blumfield

18941896

Great Britain - Coventry

Garrett Corporation (G.E./Chrysler and Garrett Electric Vehicle)

19781979

United States

Gas-Au-Lec

19051906

United States - Peabody, Massachussets

Gateau International

1982

France - Vendée

Gautier-Wehrle (Continental Society of Automobiles)

18941904

France

G.E. - General Electric Co

197x

United States - Schenectady New York

G.E.C.

18981902

...

Geha - Elektromobilfabrik Gebhardt & Harborn

19101923

Allemagne - Berlin-Schöneberg

Ernst Heinrich Geist

1901

Germany - Cologne

GEM Societe Generale Electro-Mechanical (Léonce Girardot)

19061910

France - Puteaux, Seine

2005-...

United States

20022003

Germany / United States

xx

Britain

General Electric Automobile Co (GE)

18981901

United States - Philadelphia, Pa.

General Electric Co

18981920

Etats-Unis Massachussets / Cincinnati, Ohio

Garon

GEM - Global Electric Motorcars GEMCAR (Daimler-Chrysler) NEV (Neighborhood Electric Vehicle, neighborhood electric vehicle or nearby) General Cab Co

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

General Electric Co General Electric - Chrysler (General Electric US et Chrysler Corporation) General Electric

19011904

United States - Schenectady New York

1978

United States

1978-...

United States

General Engines Company Inc. (Commuter Vehicles Inc.)

19771979

United States - Sebring

General Gulf Electric (Enfield 8000)

1974

United States

1964-...

United States

General Vehicle Co Incorporated (GeVeCo) (General Electric Automobile Co trucks)

19061919

United States - Brooklyn

Geo-EV

2005

Korea

Geo Quad

2006

Italy

George Filing

194x

France

Society of Former Establishments Georges Richard

1899

France

Gepebus

2001

France

Ghia (Alessandro de Tomaso)

19661968

Italy

Giannini

1967

Italy

General Motors

Gibbs

1903

...

Gibson Electric Vehicle Co

1900?

Canada - Ontario

Gillonier

2002

...

Ginetta Cars Ltd

2008

Great Britain - Garforth, Leeds

Giugaro Alessandro Volt

2004

Italy

xx

...

Gladiator-Pingaud

18971898

Britain

Global Electric Motorcars

19982000

...

Global Light & Power

1995

United States - Sandpoint, Idaho

Globe-Union Maxima

xx

...

GMC Electrics (General Motors Truck Company)

1912 1924

United States - Pontiac

GMT - Greenheart Millenium Transport Ltd

2000

Great Britain - London

Gizmo

G.M.U.R.

1914

...

Goliath (LIA - Lead Industries Association)

1974

United States

Gomotors

2006

France / China

1999-...

United States Huntington Beach, California

1979

United States - Rolling Meadows, Illinois

1996-...

France - 47 Aiguillon

Gram Company Accumulators Compound

1901

France - Levallois-Perret

Green Motor Works (Bill Meurer)

1995

United States - North Hollywood, California

Green Propulsion

2002

France

2008-...

Chine - Shenzen

Grinnell Electric Car Co

19101915

United States - Detroit MI

groats

xx-...

France - 47 Aiguillon

Grumann - Grumann-Olson (Grumann Corporation)

19791982

United States

GTE companies GTE phones

1980

United States - Florida

Gorilla Vehicles a division of Doran Motor Company, Inc. Gould Inc. Goupil Industry

Greenwheel Electric Vehicle Co Ltd

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Gulf & Western Industries Inc

1980

...

Gurgel

1978

Brazil

xx

...

Louis Gyory HABO-1 (Habo - Shanghai - Chemical Technical Co Ltd) Huda3 (Hunan University)

2004

China

Hagen - Kolner Accumulatorenwerke Gottfried Hagen

1903-1908 Germany - Cologne-Kalk

Halladay Motor Car Company (Streator Automobile & Manufacturing Company)

1905-1922 United States - Streator, Illinois

Harbilt Electric Vehicle Co

1971

Great Britain - Manchester

Harrods

1939

Britain

Hart (Ernest W. Hart)

1900-1903 United States

Hautier (Hautier Patent Operations)

1899-1905 France paris

Hawa - Hanoversche Waggonfabrik AG Headland Patent Electric Storage Battery Co Ltd Healy & Co Gottfried Hegan J.J. Heilmann Helios Helios (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) Helvetia (Jacques Fischer-Hinnen)

1923-1935 Germany - Hanover 1897-1901 Great Britain - London 1903-1916 United States - New York 1922

Allemagne - Kalk near Cologne

1897-1900 France - Le Havre 1985-1990 Suisse - Niederuzwill 1999-...

Greece

1898-1900

France - Combs the City, Seine et Marne

Henney Kilowatt 1958-1964 United States Henney Motor Company Division - Eureka Williams Corporation John C. Henry Henschel

1902

United States - Denver; Colorado

1899-1906 Germany - Berlin

Nuremberg Hercules Works Act. Ges.

1901

Germany - Nurenberg

Hercules (James McNoughton Co)

1906 1907

United States - Chicago IL

Heuliez (Argentum Motors group)

2004-...

France - The Pine

1977

United States

Hevan - Energy Research Development Corporation Hewitt-Lindstrom Electric Co

1900-1901 United States - Chicago, Illinois

High Speed Motors Ltd

1967

Britain

Gardner D. Hiscox

1900

United States

H-M Vehicles Inc. - Free-Way

1978-1981 United States - Minnesota

HMMVEE

xx

...

John Hoke

xx

...

Holson

1901

... Minnesota

Holtzer-Cabot Co

1891 1893

United States - Brookline MA

xx

...

Honda

1994-...

Japan

Hoosier Scout (Warren Electric & Machine Co)

1914 -

United States - Indianapolis IN

Hope Automotive Industry

1985

Denmark

gay

Horlacher AG - Max Horlacher and Gerhard Obrist Hotzenblitz Mobile GmbH - Ibach et Suhl HSV 412 The Hub Motor Co

1995

Germany

xx

...

1899-1900 United States - Chicago, illinois

Hudson

1914

United States

J. Hudson

1975

Great Britain - Doncaster

Hummer

xx

...

197x

...

Hummingbird (Electric Passenger Car) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1986-1990 Switzerland - Mohlin

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Hupp-Yeats Electric Car Co - Hupp Corporation - RCH Corporation Hybicon Centaur Ii

1911-1919 United States xx

...

2008-...

Germany - Bad Waldsee

Hymotion

2007

Canada

Hyundai

1993-x

South Korea

Hymer Teamo (Johann Tomforde, True Electric Auto Mobility) (Robert Craig Hupp)

I-Swing

2005

Japan

I2B Reus Concept

2007

...

I.A.D. Cat - Clean Air Transport (International Automotive Design)

1992

Britain

Idea

2001-2002 Italy

Ideal Motor Car Co.

1905-1906 United States - Cleveland, Ohio

Ideal Electric Co of Chicago

1909-1914 United States - Chicago, Illinois

IEH - Intelligent Energy Holdings plc

2005

...

Ihresher Electric Co

1901

United States - Dayton, Ohio

Illinois Electric Vehicle Co Moritz Immisch Immisch & Magnus people

1897-1901 United States - Chicago, illinois 1894-1897 France 1888

England - London

1904-1908

United States / Great Britain? Croydon

Impulse Innovation

xx

...

Induhag

xx

...

Industry & Commerce GMbH

19211930x

Germany

Infiniti Division (Reanult-Nissan)

2009

Japan / USA - Carson, California

Innovep (professional electric vehicle)

1998-...

France - 12 Rodez

International Automobile Me

1942

Netherlands - The Hague

Imperial - Anti-Vibrator Company Limited

International Motor Car Co. (Waverley) Interurban (F. A. Woods Auto Co) Irca (Philippe Boursin) Irisbus

1901-1902 United States, Indianapolis 1905 -

United States - Chicago IL

1974-1979 France - 93 xx-...

France / Italy

Irmscher GmbH

1994-1995 Allemagne - Remshalden-Grunbach

ISE Corporation

1995-...

United States - Poway, CA

xx

Japan

Isuzu Ivanohe (H.P. Maxim, Canada Cycle & Motor Co.) Iveco IZA H Ishitani, Engineering Department, University of Tokyo Jack Frost Electric Hermann von Jacobi Jaeger Charles Jeantaud Jeep Thomas B. Jeffery Co Camille Jenatzy General Society of Motor Transport Jenkins Automobile Co Jet Industries http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1903-1905 Canada - Toronto, Ontario 1998-...

Italy

1993-1994 Japan - Tokyo xx

...

1834-1839 Russia - Saint Petersburg 1942

...

1893-1906 France paris 2003-...

United States

192x

United States - Kenosha, Wisconsin

1895-1905 Belgium / France 1901-1906 United States - Washington 197x

United States 17/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Jinghua (Beijing) Coach Co Ltd (Tsinghua University) J.M.J. Electronics Corporation

2004

China

xx

United States

Joel (National Motor Carriage Syndicate Ltd)

1899-1902 Great Britain - London

Joel-Rosenthal

1899-1902 Great Britain - London

Gérard Jumeaux Juying (Changsha Unite Electromotion Technology Co Ltd) American Juvenile Electric

1987-19x France 2004

China

1905-1907 United States

Kaha - Electromobilwerk Kaha Gmbh

19211922

Germany - Wasseralfingen

Joachim Kamm

2006

Germany

Kammann Manufacturing Co

1903

...

xx

...

Kawasaki

2003

Japan

Career Motors KAZ

2005

...

Keller-Dagenhart (Emil E. Keller and Fred Dagenhart)

1893

United States - Chicago

Kensington Automobile Co

18991904

United States - Buffalo, New York

Kensington (Mildé)

1903

Britain

Kewet Buddy (Elbil Norge AS)

1992-...

Norway

Kia Motors

1993-...

Korea

Fred M. Kimball

1888

United States - Boston, Massachussets

C.P. Kimball & Co

19101913

United States - Chicago, Illinois

Kish Industries

19591963

United States - Lansing, Michigan

Kissel (Esterline System)

19131914

United States

Clown

18951909

France paris

C. Kliemt Wagenfabrik

18991901

Germany - Berlin

Klinger - W. Klinger Fahrzeugtechnik AG

1985

Switzerland - Küttigen

Könlner Elektricitats Gesellshaft (form Louis Welter & Co)

1901

Germany - Cologne

Dr Karl Kordesch

1970

United States

Louis Krieger Parisian Company of Electric Cars (Krieger process)

18971909

France paris

Adolphe Kruger

19011905

Germany - Berlin

Krüger-Brasier (Indusmine)

19031906

France

Krüse

18991901

Germany - Hambourg

KTA Services (Ken Koch)

1995

United States - Upland, California

Ern. Kuhlstein Wagenbau

18981902

Germany - Berlin-Charlottenburg

Lad Industries

1970

United States

Lada

2004

Russia

La Gallia http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1903-1908 France paris 18/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Laguna Electric Car Company (ex-Bee Engineering Company) Laher Spring & Electric Car Corp. Land Rover Lansden Co (John M Lansden Jr) Larel Elektromobil The Electronic Car (Jarret brothers) Lectra Motors Inc - The Electric Car Co. Lectran The dolphin

1970

United States - Westminster, California

1961-1968 United States 2008

Britain

1904-1912

United States - Newark NJ / Danbury CT

1988

...

1968-1975 France 1980-1981

United States - Las Vegas, New York

1975

United States

1941-1942 France paris

J. Lefert

1901-1905 Belgium - Ghent

Legros "The Simplest" (René Legros)

1901-1902 France - Fécamp

The Electric

1895

The Electric

1906-1907 France

Lektricar - Western Research Industries Lem (Gianni Rogliatti - Michelotti) L.E.M.S. - London Electro-Mobile Syndicate Lenox - Maxim & Goodridge Lepoix (Louis Lepoix) Lexus (Toyota US)

Belgium - Brussels

197x-198x

United States - Las Vegas, New York

1974

...

1903-1904 Great Britain - London United States - Hartford, 1908-1918 Connecticut Boston, Massachussets 1973

France - Enghien les Bains

2005-...

Japan / United States

Leyland

1985

Britain

Lightfoot (Bike-car)

2002

United States

2008-...

Great Britain - Peterborough

1997

United States

Automobiles Ligier (Guy Ligier)

1992 2005...

France - Vichy

Lindslet - J.V. Lindsley & Co

1908-...

United States Seymour, Indiana / Dowagiac, Michigan

Lindstrom

1899

United States

Linear Alpha

197x

United States - Skokie, Illinois

Liquid Air Company

1903

...

Lightning Car Company Lightning Rod (Ed Rannberg of Eyeball Engineering and Lloyd Healey of Healey Motorsports)

Löhner - Löhner-Porsche

1896-1906 Austria - Vienna

the London Electrical Cab Company

1892 - 1899 Great Britain - London

London Electro-Mobile Syndicate (LEMS)

1903-1904 Great Britain - London

London Taxi International

2005

Lucania (Carl Opperman)

1901-1905 Grande-Bretagne - Clerkenwell, EC

Lucas Luciole (Hiroshi Shimizu)

Britain

197x-1983 Britain 1997

Japan

2008-...

France

Lunar Rover Vehicle - Boeing Co (Apollo)

1971

United States

Lunokhod I

1970

U.R.S.S.

1897-1902

Allemagne - Ludwigshafen on the Rhine

1979

United States

xx

...

1992

France

Lumeneo (Daniel and Thierry Moulène)

Lux (Luxwerke Akt. Ges.) Lyman Metal Products Corp Lyon Laboratory Lyra (ABIS - Microcar) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

M113 APC (Hybrid Military Vehicle)

2002

United States

Maass E-Mobile Penguin (Fridez Maass)

1990

Germany - Stuttgart

Mack

2005

United States

MacKenzie

1899

Great Britain - Lambeth

1897-1900

Great Britain - Granton, Edinburgh

2000

Italy

xx

...

Madelvic Motor Carriage Co Ltd Maggiora Magna Maini Reva

2002-2005... Yes - Bengalore

Man - Maschinenfabrik Augsburn Nurnberg

1974-...

Germany - Nuremberg

Maranello

2005-...

Italy

Marathon Electric Vehicles Inc. Marden (Teddy House)

1976-1983x Canada 1975

France - Neuilly - Offranville

Marketeer Company (Merle Williams) Electric Marketeer Mfg Co, Nordco Marketeer electric vehicles

1946-1979x

United States - Redlands, California

Marketour Electric Cars

1957-1968

United States - Long Beach, California

Mars (Electric Fuel Propulsion)

1966-...

United States

Matra - Matra-GEM (SA Matra engines, Aviation-Traction mechanics, Jean-Luc Lagardère, former René Bonnet)

1965-...

France - Romorantin

1999

United States

1899-1903

Germany - Cologne

1971-...

Japan

Mazzieri

1998

...

MBB -Messerschmitt Bölkow Blohm

1971

Germany

McKee Engineering Corporation

1973

United States

1899-1901

Great Britain - London

xx

Canada - Oshawa, Ontario

1961

United States

MDI (Motor Development International, Guy Nègre)

1991-...

France

Melex (Leyvraz & Uhlig)

1973-...

Switzerland - Geneva

1915

...

Mercedes Benz

1970-...

Germany

Mercury

1992-...

United States

MES-DEA SA

Maxion Maxwerke Electricity Und Automobile Company Harff & Scwharz AG Automobiles Mazda

McKenzie Carriage Works - Lambeth McLaughlin Electrics - McLaughlin Carriage Company Ltd McLouth Stainless Steel

Menominee

1970-...

Switzerland - Stabio

Metrocubo (Pininfarina)

2001

Italy

Michelin - PSI

2004

France

Michelotti

1973

Italy

1980 2005...

France

1998

Italy

The Milburn Wagon Co (George Milburn)

1914-1923

United States - Toledo, Ohio

Mildé et Mondos - Charles Mildé & Cie

1898-1909

France paris

Mildé - Krieger (La Licorne)

Microcar Automotive Department of Nautical Buildings Janneau Micro-Vett

1941-1943

France paris

Miles Electric Vehicles

2004-...

United States - California

Milner ElectriCar

2005-...

Etats-Unis Vancouver WA and Bethesda MD

Mini (BMW)

...-...

Germany

Minicars Inc,

198x

United States - Goleta CA

1988-2002

Denmark - Sweden - Randers - ...

Mini-El City - El-Trans http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Minipho (D. Boutet, J. Sattler and A. Randall)

1970

...

1995-x

Japan

1959-1969

United States - Long Beach, California

Monnard

1899

France

Montex

1973

United States

Moretti

1967

Italy

Morgan

1904-1905

Britain

2005-...

Britain

Morris & Salom - Electrobat (Henry Morris et Pedro Salom)

1895-1897

United States

Morrison Electric (William Morrison)

1887-1896

United States - Des Moines, Iowa

1895

United States

1940-1945

France paris

1953

United States

1900-1903

Canada

Motorfahrzeung and Motorenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft

1901

Germany - Marienfelde-Berlin

Mowag Motorwagen fabrik AG

1985

Switzerland - Kreuzlingen

MS-DEA

2005

...

M.T.R.A. - Wavecrest Laboratories

2005

France - Romorantin

1899-1902

...

xx

...

Myers Motors (ex-Corbin Sparrow)

2004-...

United States - Tallmadge, Ohio

NAG - New Automobile Association (Emil Ratheneau, ex-AAG)

1902-1934

Germany - Berlin

Mitsubishi Motors Mobilette Electric Cars

Morgan Motor Co

Morrison-Sturges Electricity Company Mors Mota - Banning Electrical Products Corporation Motette (Canadian Motors Ltd)

Munson Murill Motors Co

Namag

1912

Germany

NASA

2008

United States

National Automobile and Electric Co - National Motor Vehicle Co

19001904

United States - Indianapolis, Indiana

National Union Electric (Russell Feldman - Renault Dauphine)

1959

United States

Neale

1897

...

New & Maine Ltd

1901

Great Britain - London

New England (Electric Vehicle Co)

18991901

United States - Boston, Massachussets

New Century - Suffield & Brown

19021903

Great Britain - London

2006-...

<

Nice Car Company (Mega City d'Aixam-Mega Group)

2005

<

Nic-L-Silver

1958

United States

Nelco Electric Company

19481950

Great Britain - Surrey

1970-…

Japan

Nitta Sangyo Co

1950

Japan

Noram Concepts Inc, e-Roadsters Division

xx-…

United States - Redondo Beach, Ca

xx

France - Reuilly

Nu-Kar (Glen Stevens)

1995

United States - Collierville, Tenessee

Do not Klea

19591963

United States - Lansing, Michigan

Obvious ! Automotoveiculos SA

xx-…

Brazil - Rio de Janeiro

xx

...

Newteon ecofriendly vehicles

Nissan

Noval

Oehler Aarau Electro Taxi http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

21/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Ohio Electric Car Co Olds (Ransom E. Olds) Oldsmobile Omega Motors

1908-1918 United States - Toledo 1900-1901 United States 1896-x

United States - Detroit, Michigan

1979

United States

Omnobil 1922-1924 Germany Deutsche Elektromobil und Motorenwerke AG ou Wasseralfingen Opel Open - Start Lab SpA Opperman (Carl Opperman) Optimal Energy (CEO Kobus Meiring) Orwell

1979-...

Germany

2006

Italy - Garbagnate Milanese

1896-1907 Great Britain - London 2005-...

South Africa - Cape Town

xx

...

Oshkosh Corporation

2005

United States - Oshkosh, WI

Otis Electric - Otis Elevator Co

197x

...

OvOBike (Gilles Martin)

2005

France

Owen Magnetic - Crown Magnetic (Ray M. Owen, ex-Baker Rauch & Lang)

1914-1921 United States - Cleveland, Ohio

P & G (Pritchetts and Gold)

1903

Grande-Bretagne - Feltham, Middlesex

Charles B. Page

1851

United States

Palcan

2003

Canada

Panhard

1954

France

Panhard - Oerlikon

1929

France

Pargo - Columbia Car Corporation

1970

United States

Paris-Rhone

19481949

France

Thomas Parker

1884

Great Britain - London

Parsons Electric Motor Carriage Co

19051906

United States - Cleveland, Ohio

Edouard Parvillé

19271929

France paris

Patin & Becquillard

18981901

France paris

Paupe

1942

France

Peck

19121913

Canada - Toronto, Ontario

Pedal Power (General Engines)

1982

...

Pedal

1973

...

Peel Engineering Company

19621965

Ile de Man

Perl - Automobilfabrik Perl AG

19071907

Author - Reading

Peugeot cars

1892-...

France

Pfander AG

1985

Germany - Dübendorf

Pfluger - Vereinigte Accumulatoren und Electricitätswerke Pflüger & Co

1900

Germany - Berlin

PGE - Progretti Gestioni Ecologiche SpA (Brussels Electric Vehicle 1983 Experimentt)

Italy - Milan

19101915

United States - Detroit, Michigan

198x-…

Italy

Public limited company Pieper

18991901

Belgium - Liège

Pierce Arrow (Nikola Tesla)

1931

United States - Buffalo, New York

Pilcar - Carville (Franco Sbarro)

1977-

Switzerland

Phipps-Grinnell Automobile Co Piaggio & C. S.p.a.

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

22/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

1978

Chêne-Bourg / Clarens / Corcelles

1988

...

1978-...

Italy

Pipe

19041905

Belgium - Ghent

H. Piper

1905

United States

Piper Design

2002

Great Britain - London

Pivco (Personal Independent Vehicle Company, Think en 1999)

19911999

Sweden / Norway

Pohlman KG

1988

Germany - Kulmb

Pommeroy - The Pomeroy Motor Vehicle Co

1902

United States - Brooklyn, New York

Ponticelli Frères branch PVI (Ponticelli Véhicules Industriels)

-…

France - 77 Gretz Armainvilliers

Pope Manufacturing Company - Pope-Hartford

18951898

United States - Hartford, Connecticut

Pope-Waverley Motor Car Company, Waverley Departement

19031907

United States - Indianapolis

Porquerolles (formerly The Electronic Car)

1972

France

1899-…

Autriche / Allemagne Gmund / Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen

Potin & Regulart

18981900

France

Paul Pouchain

18971901

France - Armentières

Powell & Cie

1967

Wales

xx

United States - Boston, Massachussets

Prince

1952

...

Pritchett & Gold

19031904

Great Britain - Middlesex

Procotip - Simca 1000

1971

France - Montpellier

Prodim

xx-…

France - 13 Vitrolles

Project Plus - Automobiles Silaos

19861987

France - Dieppe

Pascal Prouteau

1993

France

Provincial

1905

France

PSA Peugeot-Citroën

xx-…

France

Electric Truck PURREY System

1908

France

Qingshan (Baokang - Hubei - Qingshan Energy Research Institute)

2004

China

QingYuan - QYEV (Tianjing Electrical Vehicle Research Center)

2003

China

xx

United States

1901

France

Quincy-Lynn Enterprises (Urba)

xx

...

R-1 (South Coast Technology)

xx

Penguin electromobile m. solar cells Pininfarina

Porsche (Dr. Ing. HoF Porsche AG)

Philip W. Pratt

Quinby (Leitner system) A. Querey (light gensets )

...

Raffard

1881-1890 France

Ragonot

1974

France

Ransomes, Sims & Jefferies, Ltd.

1925

Great Britain - Ipswich

breeds

2005

...

1904-1945

Etats-Unis Cleveland, Ohio / Chicopee Falls

Rauch & Lang (Raulang) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

23/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Red Bug (Automotive Electric Service Corp)

1924-1928 United States - Newark NJ

Regina - Electricity Company (Gallia)

1903-1908 France paris

Remington

1900-1901 United States

Renaissance Cars (Bob Beaumont, design Jim Muir)

xx

United States

1925-x

France

Renominee Electric Manufacturing Co

1915

United States - Renominee Michigan

Reselco

1935

...

xx

...

1987

France - Nice

2001-...

Yes - Bengalore

Renault

Reuter Electric Reva (Raoul Panenti) Reva Electric Car Company Pvt. Ltd (Maini) Revelli

1941

...

G. Richard Establishments

1901

France - Paris / Ivry-Port

A.L. Ricker

1890

United States

Rickshaw (Roy Haynes)

1975

Grande-Bretagne - Witham, Essex

Riker Electric Motor Co. - Riker Eklectric Vehicle Co. (Andrew Lawrence Riker)

1888-1901 United States - Brooklin, New York

Robert Q. Riley Enterprises

1986- ...

United States

Ripp Electric (W.E.Rippel)

197x

...

Rickshaw

1998

...

Riva - Solec Riva (Solec Solar - Elektromobil AG - Solec AG)

1992

Suisse - Safnern / Berne

The Roadley Automobile Co Ltd

1954

Britain

C. E. Roberts (Chicago Steel Screw Co)

1897

United States - Chicago

1972-...

France - Paris 19

Rocaboy - Rocaboy-Kirchn + G2929er (Marcel Rocaboy and Georges Kirchner) Roch

xx

France - Lyon

Ippolit Romanov

xx

Russia

Roos Auto Engineering Stallion

xx

...

Lucien Rosary - Alsace

1991

France

Routelec (Philippe Leclère, scooter)

2003

France

...

Great Britain - Coventry

Rover (ex-Coventry Machinist Company) Rowan

1967-1969 Sweden

Royal Automobile Co

1905

United States - Chicago, Illinois

Ruspacromo

1985

Italy

RWE (Rheinsch-Westfälische-Elektrizitätswerk) Saab-Scania

1969-1988 Germany - Essen xx

Sweden

Sachische Accumulators Werke Akt. Scourge.

1901

Germany - Dresden

SACM Alsatian Mechanical Construction Company

1925

France

Sir David Salomons

1874

Britain

San Diego Electric Auto Co. (Ron Larrea)

1995

United States - Lakeside, California

Santana Fuel Cell Car (Shanghai Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain Co Ltd)

2004

China

Sanyo

1992

Japan

SATAM Société Anonyme for All Mechanical Apparatus

19411943

France - La Courneuve

satme

xx

France

Saturn

2006-...

United States

xx

Switzerland - St. Georgian

1920-

Germany - Berlin

Saurer AG (ex-Adolph Saurer AG) SB Automobilgesellschaft mbH (Slaby Behringer) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

24/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

1923 Franco Sbarro Scammell Lorries Ltd

1993-...

Italy

xx

Britain

Scamp

1969

Scania

xx

Sweden

Heinrich Scheele

18991910

Germany - Cologne

Max Schneider

1901

Germany - Dresden-Loebtau

Scholl Auto Electrics (Pierre Scholl - SSP)

19741992

Switzerland - Fririer

Schuckert

18991900

Germany

Paul Schulze

1901

Germany - Oggersheim

Scooto

2004

...

Scott Automobile Co

18991903

United States - St Louis

SCT ITT Continental Baking Van (South Coast Technology)

198x

United States - Dearborn, Lichigan

S.C.U.T. (South China University of Technology)

2004

China

Sceadu Design of Spokane (Dave Mounce)

20052006

United States - Arizona

Sears XDH-1 (Roebuck and Company)

1978

...

Sebring Vanguard, Inc., Electric Vehicles (CitiCar)

19741976

United States

Secma (Fun-Tech)

2003

France - Gennevilliers

SEER European Society of Electromobiles Rochelaises La Rochelle

1986

France

SEER Volta-EMC (SEER VOLTA - EMC Electro Mobil AG)

1991-...

Suisse

Segway LLC (Dean Kamen)

2001-...

United States

S.E.V. - Showcase Electric Vehicle (Calstart) - Californie

1993

United States

SFAE French Society of Electric Automobiles (Opperman)

18981901

France - Paris / Levallois

Shanghai EV Scooter (Shanghai Electrical Vehicle Development Center)

2004

China

Shell Road Roller 00 - Eco-Marathon Shell

2002

...

Sherpa Electric Van (Freight Rover BL)

197x

England

Siemens - Siemens-Schuckert - Siemens &: Halske (Werner von Siemens)

1879192x

Germany - Berlin

xx

in

2006-...

France

Silver Eagle (Jack Reed)

1971

United States

Silver Sofa (Bob Schneeveis)

2005

United States

1979-...

Puerto Rico

Silvertown Co

19051910

Great Britain - London

Silvestri

1901

Italy - Milan

Silencia Electroped - Electrona 24 (Electromobiles) Silence PT2 (Paul Laprade, EBW partnership and T-Rex Vehicles Inc.

Silver Volt - Electric Auto Corporation

Simca

1958

France

Simson (Etablissements Bignières)

1995

Germany - Suhl / France - Bègles

Sinclair (Sir Clive Sinclair)

19841985

Britain

xx

...

Sita http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

25/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Skoda

1991-x

Rep. Czech

Sky Cab

1992

Sweden

Slattery - Fort Wayne Jenny Electric Light Co

1889

United States - ...

S-LEM - Swiss light electromobiles

1999

Suisse

1927-...

France - Lyon

2004

China

2005-...

Germany

Smith Flyer - Auto Red Bug

19161928

United States - Milwaukee

Smith's Electric Vehicles Ltd

xx

Great Britain - Gateshead

Smiths Electric Vehicles Ltd

1985

Great Britain - Gateshead

Socovel (Limelette Frères)

1941

Belgium

SLEVE - Société Lyonnaise for the Exploitation of Electric Vehicles (Schlumberger) S.L.F.C.-Tourist-1 Shenli (Shanghai) Technical Co Ltd Smart

Softcar Redigo (Rotoméca - Dièdre Design à Versailles, Yvelines et 2008-... Endeavor à Bulle, Suisse)

France - Mornac, Charente

Solar Car Corp. (Doug Cobb)

1995

United States - Indianlantic, Florida

Solar Electric Engineering Inc. (Gary Starr)

1995

United States - Sebastopol, California

xx

...

2007-...

Switzerland - Bern

Solar Van - Commuter Vehicle Inc.

1978

United States - Florida

Solec AG - Solec, Solar and Electromobile AG

19911992

Suisse - Safnern / Berne

1994 - ...

United States - Wilmington, Massachusetts

Solelhada

2006

France - Toulouse

Soleq Corp

198x

...

Solignac

19001904

France paris

Electra 750 only

1981

Germany

Solon

19921994

...

Sony

1970

Japan

xx

...

Solargen Solartaxi (Louis Palmer)

Solectria (Geo Metro Electric, James Worden)

Soubitez South Coast Scooter - Travel Electric

xx-...

Sovel (Society of Electric Vehicles)

19251977

France - Saint-Etienne / Villeurbanne

Sperry - Cleveland Screw Co (Elmer Ambrose Sperry)

1900

United States - ...

Spi Tri - Structural Plastics

1985

...

1955-...

Netherlands

2009

Korea

Sports Rider (Kelsen Manufacturing Inc)

1963-...

United States - Stanton, California

SSI Racing (Simple Solutions Inclusive)

1988-...

United States - San Diego, Ca

19922000

Switzerland - Fririer

2006-...

Finland

xx

Italy

Standard Car Manufacturing Co

19111915

United States - Jackson, Michigan

JK Starkley

1880

Britain

Starlite (Kish Industries)

19591963

United States - Lansing, Michigan

Starr

19031904

...

Spijkstaal Spirra (Oullim Motors)

SSP SA - Pierre Scholl - Scholl Sun Power Stadia Citycab S.T.A.E.

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

26/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Start Lab S.p.A.

1998-...

Start Two 2004 (Tongji University - Shanghai Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain Co Ltd)

Italy - Milan China

Station Car

1994

...

Stearns & Co

1901

United States - Syracuse

1982-...

Suisse Essen et Pöhlmann KG, Kulmbach

Steinmetz Electric Motor Corp (Charles Steinmetz)

19201927

United States - Baltimore, Maryland

Stela - Light Electric Traction Service with Accumulator

19411948

France - Villeurbanne, Rhone

Stella

19061913

...

Stevens Vehicles LTD

xx-...

Britain

Steyr-Diamant - Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG

1988

Switzerland - Steffisburg

1994-...

France - Angouleme

Stigler SA

19211932

Italy - Milan

Still Electric - W.J. Still

1893

Canada - Toronto

St Louis Electric Automobile Co (A. L. Dyke)

18991901

United States - St Louis

Steinbock AG (electric car Pöhlmann EL)

Industry STI ( Industrial Technologies Corporation, Mr. Penouty)

Stoewer

1901

Germany - Stettin

C. Ornaments

1901

Germany - Dresden

Storms

1915

...

Story

19411944

...

xx

Pays-Bas - Groningen

Stromboli - Ingenieurburo Eisenring

19891994

Suisse - Niederuzwil

Strong & Rogers Co

19001901

United States - Cleveland; Ohio

Stuart Motors Inc.

1962

United States - Kalamazoo, Michigan

Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Co

19001912

United States - Southbend, New York

Sturges Electric Motor Cycles Co

18951901

United States - Chicago, Illinois

1971-...

Japan

Sun-Craft

1988

...

Sundancer (McKee Engineering)

1974

...

Sunray (Sunel AG)

19921995

Switzerland - Effretikon

Supercarbon (Gérard Jumeaux)

1992

France

Suzuki

1992-...

Japan

SVD (Steen V. Jensen)

1985-x

Danemark - Auning

EVS - Electric Vehicles Company (Dassault Group)

2004-...

France

Swatchmobile (Nicolas Hayek)

19921996

Suisse

Synnestvedt

19041908

...

Syracuse Automobile Co William Van Wagoner

18991903

United States - Syracuse, New York

Sibrandus Stratingh

Subaru

T3 Motion, Inc. Tama-Tachikawa Aircraft Company http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

2003-...

United States, Costa Mesa, Ca

1947-1951 Japan 27/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Tang Hua (Li Shi Guang Ming, Book of Songs)

2006

China

them the

2005

...

Tango

2003

...

Tasso - Green Company Spa/Melex

2005

...

2003-...

in

Tata Motors Tate Taylor-Dunn (R.D. Taylor) TD P972 Z - YongJiu / Forever

1912-1914 Canada 1949-1966 United States - Los Angeles 2004

China

xx

France

1998

Italy

1971-...

France - 63 Ambert / Courpière

1980

Israel

1922-...

France - Bordeaux / Pessac

xx-...

France

1971-...

United States - San Carlos, California

198x

United States

xx

...

Theyer, Rothmund & Cie

1901

Germany - Berlin

Emile Thiem

Technam Technobus TVE - Teilhol Electric Car (ACL Teilhol - Company Teilhol) Tel Aviv University Solar Electrical Research Car Accumulators TEM (Y. Fossard) Tender Electric Vehicles - Scarlette Tesla Motors Inc. The Triton - Zzipper (Sebring Auto-Cycle, Jim Tervort, ex-Commuter Vehicles) THEV IV (Tang Eng Iron Works)

1901

Germany - Berlin

Th!nk (Ford Motor Company, ex-Pivco)

2001-...

United States / Norway

Think (KamKorp)

2006-...

Norway

1901-1902

United States - Plainfield, New Jersey

1912

France paris

Andrew C. Thompson Thouvenin Thrige (T.B. Thrige)

1909-1918 Denmark

Thresher Ekectric Co

1901

United States, Dayton, Ohio

Thrupp & Maberly

1896

Spain

ThunderSky 2000 W

2004

China

Thury

1904

Switzerland - Geneva

Tiffany (The Roy Pelletier) Tiger Truck Tilling-Stevens Motors Ltd

1913-1914 United States - Flint MI 2005

...

1916-...

Great Britain - Maidstone

T.I.R.L. Tube Investments Research Laboratories - Essex

1967

Britain

Titan Inc.

19761978x

United States

TNO Automotive Hybrid Carlab

2005

...

Tom Boy (M. Nishida)

1987

Japan

TOP (Zero Pollution Taxi, Guy Negro)

2001

France

xx

Japan

1965-...

Japan

xx

... - Yare

Toyo Kogyo (Automobiles Mazda) Toyota T.P. Laboratories Transformer - Electric Fuel Propulsion TRégie-Renault Tribelhorn - Electrische Fahrzeuge AG Trident (Taylor-Dunn Manufacturing Co.) Triumph Electric Société anonyme des Usines de Tropenbourg (former Spyker brothers' house) Tropica (Renaissance Cars Inc.) http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1978-1979 ... 1980

France

1899-1920 Switzerland - Feldbach 1961-1963 United States 1900-1901 United States - Chicago IL 1901

Netherlands - Amsterdam

1995-...

Etats-Unis "Florida only" project 28/31

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Philippe B. de l'Arc - History of the electric car

Gustave Found Turinelli & Piezza

1880-1881 France paris 1898

Italy - Milan

Twike

1995-...

...

Twip

xx

...

UK Hero (Hybrid Electric Realised Off-Road, véhicule militaire Land Rover

2002

Britain

Union Carbide

1967

United States

Unique Mobility

198x - ... United States

United Motor Vehicle Co

19081912

United States - New York

The United States Motor Company

19101912

United States

xx

...

University of Florida Urvanconcept -Eco-Marathon Shell)

2003

...

Urbanina - Bargagli & Cristiani

1967-x

Italy - Pisa

US Automobile Co.

18991901

United States - Attleboro, Massachussets

U.S. Electric

18991901

...

197x-...

United States - Athol, Massachussets

xx

...

University of Valenciennes

1998

France - Valenciennes

Vanguard Vehicles Inc. (Vanguard/Citi Car)

19721974

United States

V.A.T.E.

19081910

France - Puteaux, Seine

Vectrix

2005-...

...

U.S. Electricar Corporation - Lectric Leopard (Division de C.H. Waterman Industries - Renault 5) Utopia Electric Vehicles

Bike Gonnet

1952

France

Vedovelli & Priestley

1899

France

A. Védrine

19041910

France - Neuilly sur Seine

VE - Vehicle Equipment Co

19031905

United States - Long Island City, New York

xx

...

Velectris

Vehma

2004-...

France

Venturi Automobiles

2004-...

France

Company for transport companies

1901

Germany - Berlin

Vetra (Vehicles and Electric Tractors, Alshtom)

19251966

France paris

Via

1921

...

Victor

19071908

United States - Omaha Nebraska

Magnus Volk

1888

Great Britain - Brighton

Voltra

1962

...

Volkswagen

1971-...

Germany

Volta (SEER - European Society of Rochelaise Automobiles)

1991-...

France - Perigny - La Rochelle Charentes-Maritimes

Voltage Inc.

1995

United States - Gardena, California

Vulture

19221925

France - Saint Etienne

Voltra

1963

United States

Voltra Inc.

1993

United States - New York

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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Volvo Cars

1992-...

Sweden

Vulcan Automobilgesellshaft

1901

Germany - Berlin

Walker Vehicle Co

1907 1916

United States - Chicago IL

Wanxiang (Zhejiang) WXEV-3 (Wanxiang -Zhejiang Electrical Vehicle Research Center

2003

China

Ward Leonard Electrical Co

1901

United States - Bronxville, New York

Ward Motor Vehicle Co (Charles A Ward)

1914-1916 United States - New Yirk NY

Waterbury Motor Company (Nelson J. Waterbury)

1974

United States

Chandler H. Waterman Industries (U.S. Electricar)

xx

United States

Waverley Company (American Vehicle Electric Co. + Indiana Bicycle Co., 1896) International Motor Car Co. (1901) 1898-1916 United States - Indianapolis, Indiana Waverley Departement, Pope-Waverley Motor Car Company (1903) Waverley Company (1908) W & E Vehicles Westcoaster (Borg-Warner Corporation)

xx

...

1960-1966 United States

Westinghouse SA

1967

Spain

Weyher & Richemond

1904 1910

France - Pantin

Whisper Electric car A/S - Hope Automobil Industri

1984-x

Denmark - Hadsund

White (White-Entz System, White System)

1913-1916 United States

White Lightning

1999

United States

Edouard Wicard

1901

Belgium - Tournai

1975-x

France

Willam Williams (ex-DeMars) Wilson Electric Car Partridge Wilson

1906-1907 United States - Cleveland OH xxxx

...

1935-1936 Great Britain - Leicester

Witcar

197x

Netherlands - Amsterdam

Frederick R. Wood & Son

1901

United States - New York

Woods Motor Vehicle Co

1899-1919 United States - Chicago, Illinois

Woods Waring & Co (Electromibles Clinton E. Woods)

1901

Dr. Victor Wouk - "the grandfather of electric and hybrid vehicles in 1977 the United States" Wrightspeed Inc.

Xiangtan Electric Vehicle Co Ltd Yamaha

2006-...

United States - Chicago, Illinois United States United States Burlingame (Silicon Valley), California

2003

China

1996-...

Japan

Yardney Renault

1964

France / United States

Yigao (Suzhou) Electrical Vehicle (Feici - Beijing) Green Energy Co Ltd) Yongfeng

2004

China

Zagato - ZZ Car (Zagato Car S.R.L.)

1966-x

Italy - Terrazzano di Rho, Milan

ZAP - Zero Air Pollution Light Utility Vehicle

1994-...

United States - California

1999

United States - California

Zebra Motors Inc. (ex-Renaissance Cars de Bob Beaumont) Ziddee http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

1905-1907 France 30/31

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Z.E.D.I.S. (Zero Emission Downsized Improved Safety Urban Vehicle)

1999

United States

Z.E.M.

2002

Suisse

2006-...

Canada - Saint-Jérôme

ZeTek "Millenium Taxi"

2000

Germany - Cologne

ZEVCO Fuel Cell Taxi

1998

Great Britain - London

Zschopauer Motorenwerke

1927

Germany - Spandau

1998-...

...

198x

United States

Zenn (Zero Emission No Noise) Feel Good Cars Corporation

Zytek Electric Vehicles Zzipper - The Triton (Sebring Auto-Cycle, Jim Tervort, ex-Commuter Vehicles) ZZZZ

http://boursinp.free.fr/velec/marques.htm

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