Health & Safety Taining

Objectives In this course you will be learning about: •Safety Signs

•Manual Handling

•Fire Safety

•Ladder Safety

•Electrical Safety

•Tools Safety

•Chemical Safety

•Slips, Trips and Falls

National Monument to Workers Killed & Injured

Safety Signs

Safety Signs Blue signs are compulsory. Failure to comply not only puts you at risk, but means you have broken the law.

Safety Signs Yellow signs are warnings. Failure to take notice not only puts you at risk, but means you could be breaking the law if you fail to take precautions.

Safety Signs Green signs are safety guidance. First aid , emergency exits

Safety Signs Red signs are prohibitive and Fire.

Fire Safety

Fire If you discover a fire • In all cases, set off the fire alarms via break glass panel. This will summon the rescue team and the fire service, and alert others to evacuate the building.

• Go to the control point and inform them where the fire is. Or, if you think it is safe to tackle the fire, at no personal risk, inform someone you intend to do so and send someone to the control point. • Test the fire extinguisher at a safe distance and approach the fire aiming at the base of the fire. •

Use one extinguisher and leave.

Fire Extinguisher Types

Protective Clothing

Safety Glasses Must be worn in case of handling any chemicals

Must be worn in mechanical workshops

Shoes Sandals and open shoes are not allowed in workshops or when working with electricity. Steel toe boots should always be worn.

Gloves • When handling hazardous chemicals wear rubber disposable gloves. Remove and dispose of them before you leave the lab or answer the telephone. • When handling cryogenic liquids wear loose fitting insulating gloves. • When handling sharps wear appropriate gloves.

Electric Safety

Is this man working safe? What things he is doing correctly? What things he is not doing correctly?

Fundamentals of Electrical Hazards √ More than 3 mA painful shock

√ More than 10 mA muscle contraction “no-let-go” danger

√ More than 30 mA lung paralysis- usually temporary

√ More than 50 mA possible ventricular fib. (heart dysfunction, usually fatal)

√ 100 mA to 4 amps √

certain ventricular fibrillation, fatal Over 4 amps heart paralysis; severe burns. (Usually by >600 volts)

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • Do plug power equipment into wall receptacles with power switches in the Off position. • Do unplug electrical equipment by grasping the plug and pulling. Do not pull or jerk the cord to unplug the equipment. • Do not drape power cords over hot pipes, radiators or sharp objects.

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • Do check the receptacle for missing or damaged parts. • Do not plug equipment into defective receptacles. • Do check for frayed, cracked, or exposed wiring on equipment cords.

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • Do check for defective cord clamps at locations where the power cord enters the equipment or the attachment plug. • Extension cords should not be used in office areas. Generally, extension cords should be limited to use by maintenance personnel

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • “Cheater plugs”, extension cords with junction box receptacle ends or other juryrigged equipment should not be used.

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • You should know the location of electrical circuit breaker panels that control equipment and lighting in their respective areas. Circuits and equipment disconnects must be identified.

Do’s Do’s and and Don'ts Don'ts • Temporary or permanent storage of any materials must not be allowed within 3 feet of any electrical panel or electrical equipment. • Any electrical equipment causing shocks or with high leakage potential must be tagged with a DANGER tag or equivalent.

How Do People Stay Safe? • • • •

Heavy protection Special tools Lots of safety training Even with these things, accidents can still happen. But without them, you could be in big danger.

How Can I Stay Safe? • A big way to stay safe is NEVER PLAY AROUND POWER LINES! • Never dig around power lines • Never climb trees around power lines • Never throw things around power lines

How Else Can I Stay Safe? • Always keep cords and wires away from water and heat • Never touch water and electrical devices at the same time • Never use electrical devices if you’re wet

Chemicals

• Keep quantities you are working with to the minimum required. • Transport with care, in proper containers. • Always label containers • Always wash your hands after handling chemicals. Do not eat, drink or smoke in the labs. • Always dispose waste of correctly.

Manual Handling

Most accidents on campus are caused by manual handling incidents. • Assess the weight before you move anything. • Break it into smaller loads if possible. • Get help if needed. • Use lifting equipment provided.

Slip, Trip and Fall

Slips Slip -Loss of balance caused by too little friction between a person’s foot and a walking surface. Common Causes: – – – – –

Wet or oily surfaces, Occasional spills, Weather hazards, Loose, unanchored rugs or mats, and Flooring or other walking surfaces that are worn.

Trips Trip - hit an object, lose your balance and fall Common Causes: – – – – – – –

Obstructed view Poor lighting Clutter in your way Wrinkled carpeting Uncovered cables Drawers not being closed Uneven (steps, thresholds) walking surfaces

Falls Fall: - when you lose your balance & drop to the floor There are three types of falls: • Falls on the same level – Slip or trip immediately precedes fall to floor or walkway

• Falls to lower level – Falls are from platforms, docks, ladders, steps or stairs

• Jumps to lower level – An intentional jump from one level to another – Employee jumps off ladder, dock, equipment

Prevention • Good housekeeping • Quality of walking surfaces (flooring) • Selection of proper footwear • Appropriate pace of work

Housekeeping • Clean up spills immediately • Mark spills and wet areas • Mop or sweep debris from floor • Remove obstacles from walkways • Keep walkways free of clutter • Secure mats, rugs and carpets •Close file cabinet or storage drawers •Cover cables that cross walkway •Keep working areas and walkways well lit •Replace burned out bulbs

What else YOU can do? • • • • • • • •

Take your time Pay attention Adjust stride to the task Walk with feet pointed slightly outward Make wide turns at corners. Sufficient lighting Portable lighting Watch where you are walking

Ladder Safety

The following requirements apply to the use of all ladders: •For access to an upper landing surface, the ladder side rails must extend at least 3 feet (0.9 m) above the upper landing surface •If it is not possible because of the ladder's length, the ladder must be secured at its top to a rigid support that must not deflect and a grasping device, such as a grab rail, must be provided to assist employees in mounting and dismounting. •Ladders must be kept free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. •Ladders must only be used for the purpose for which they were designed. Ladders are not to be used in a horizontal position as walking surface.

The following requirements apply to the use of all ladders: (Continued ….)

•Ladders must have non-conductive side rails •The top, or top set, of a step ladder must not be used as a step. •When ascending or descending a ladder, the user must face the ladder. •If, while working from a ladder, the employee cannot keep one hand on the rung portion of the ladder, the worker must be tied off. •An employee must not carry any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall. •When at the top of a ladder, if working above 6 feet (1.8m), a fall protection harness must be worn and tied off to a solid structure to protect the employee in the event of a fall.

Electric shock Amputation Eye injuries Hearing loss

Puncture wounds Cuts and abrasions Contusions/crushing Burns

Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance Use the right tool for the job Examine each tool for damage before use and do not use damaged tools Operate tools according to the manufacturers’ instructions Properly use the appropriate PPE

Select the right tool for the job Consider the tools shape and size – the tool should be comfortable to hold Do not select undersized tools for the job Consider the quality of the tool including its sharpness for cutting

Select power tools designed to have minimal vibration Select power tools that provide guarding and other safety features such as an automatic shutoff, safety trigger, shield or kickback guard Select electric power tools that are double-insulated

Select spark-resistant tools when working around flammables or explosive material Select insulated hand tools when working around electricity Select battery powered tools for wet locations

Use a tool box, tool-holder, belt or pouch, this will protect the person and the tool Carry pointed or sharp tools with the point or cutting edge away from the body Do not carry tools by hand up ladders Do not lay tools down where people can trip on them or they can fall on someone Hand tools off, do not throw them

Purchase tools of the best quality Inspect tools for dull or damaged edges, and damaged handles or grips Redress edges and tips of tools or blades-this should only be done by qualified personnel or the manufacturer Replace damaged handles or grips Inspect plugs and power cords for damage

Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance Use the right tool for the job Examine each tool for damage before use and do not use damaged tools Operate tools according to the manufacturers’ instructions Properly use the appropriate PPE

Incident and accident reporting

Report all accidents and incidents to your Supervisor even if no injury was caused. They will make inquiries and take action to prevent it happening to someone else.