Hazards And Disasters Management

Hazards and Disasters Management

Shared By: Muhammad Qadeer

"O my Lord! Open for me my chest (grant me selfconfidence, contentment, and boldness). " And ease my task for me ;

"And make loose the knot (the defect) from my tongue, (i.e. remove the incorrectness from my speech)

That they may understand my speech.

Lectures Schedule Disasters and Hazards Management Session: CRP 2007 Date

Lecture Topic

3-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 7-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 21-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 5-Dec-09 12-Dec-09 19-Dec-09 26-Dec-09 2-Jan-10

Introduction to disasters and basic terms, world scenario, situation in Pakistan Disaster planning and management, paradigm shift in disaster management approaches Community based approaches to disaster risk management Application of GIS and RS in Disaster/ hazard management Start of Mid term exams Open sources of GIS/ RS for Disasters management Hazard assessmet and Damage assessment methodology Incorporating pre-disaster hazard management aspects in urban planning Vulnerability analysis Responding challenges; Sphere standards for disasters Disaster Preparedness and management in Pakistan, policies and practices Case studies in disaster management from Pakistan Exorcises on urban disaster management vulnerability atlas of Pakistan (practical) Preparation for final exams

Discussion Lecture Structure Our world and our challenges Disasters in Pakistan Disaster Management; basic terms and

concepts

 Hazard, Risk, Disaster, Elements at Risk,

Vulnerability, Capacity, Response, Relief, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction, Development, Mitigation, Preparedness and Prevention etc

Disaster Management Cycle  

Our world - our Challenges Disasters are as old as human history From 1994 to 1998, reported disasters

average 428 per year From 1999 to 2003, average raised to 707 events per year, it’s a 60% increase The worse is that the biggest rise was in countries of low human development which suffered an increase of 142 percent

Situation of Disasters in Pakistan Like other South Asian countries, Pakistan continues to suffer from a plethora of natural and human induced hazards.

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 Commun Natural Disasters in

Pakistan include floods, arthquakes, landslides, cyclones, and droughts

  Manmade disasters include such as fires, civil unrest and terrorism, refugees and internally displaced people, health epidemics, transport accidents, industrial accidents and war   6,037 people were killed and 8,989,631 affected in the period

Situation of Disasters in Pakistan  Floods:Pakistan is one of the five South Asian

countries with the highest annual average number of people physically exposed to floods. During 1991 to 2001 floods caused an estimated damage of over Pak Rs 78,000 million to property

  Droughts: Severe drought periods in 2000 and 2002

led to 120 deaths and affected 2,200,000 people.

  Earthquakes: From 1974 to 1990, approximately

5669 people were killed due to earthquakes in the Northern Areas (NA), NWFP and Balochistan. The most recent significant earthquake of February 2004, and Oct 05 in NWFP has resulted in the life loss of millions of people

  Cyclons: The cyclone of 1999 in Thatta and Badin

districts wiped out 73 settlements, and resulted in 168 lives lost, nearly 0.6 million people affected and killing of 11,000 cattle. It destroyed 1,800

Major Natural Disasters in Pakistan

Basic Terms and Concepts

Is FLOOD a disaster????  And an earthquake???

Hazard

 Its physical phenomenon or

situation which has the potential to cause disruption or damage to people, their properties, their services or their environment

  Hazards are the result of an

interaction between human activities and the natural and technological processes that can generate extreme events.  For example, earthquake faults, active volcanoes, flood zones, and highly flammable brush fields are all hazards.

Disaster

 The serious disruption of

the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses, which exceed the ability of the affected people to cope using their own resources.

An event , either man - made or natural , sudden or

progressive , causing widespread human , material or environmental losses

Emergency vs Disaster

havior a course events that endangers becomes or adversely affe by theorscope of anofemergency . An emergency a disaster Disasters often result in great damage, loss, o

Risk

The probability that a

community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction, and proximity to a hazardous area.

 Persons, buildings, crops or Elements at Risk other such like societal

components exposed to known hazard, which are likely to be adversely affected by the impact of the hazard.

Vulnerabilit y

Is a condition or

sets of conditions that reduces people’s ability to prepare for, withstand or respond to a hazard.

Capacity Is those positive

conditions or abilities which increase a community’s ability to deal with hazards.

Relief

Measures that are

required in search and rescue of survivors, as well as to meet the basic needs for shelter, water, food and health care. 

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Recovery

The process

undertaken by a disaster affected community to fully restore itself to predisaster level of functioning.   

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Rehabilitation

Actions taken in the

aftermath of a disaster to: assist victims to

repair their dwellings; re-establish essential services; revive key economic and social activities    

ReconstructionPermanent measures to

repair or replace damaged dwellings and infrastructure and to set the economy back on course.

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Prevention

Measures taken to

avert a disaster from occurring, if possible (to impede a hazard so that it does not have any harmful effects).   

Mitigation

Measures taken

prior to the impact of a disaster to minimize its effects (sometimes referred to as structural and non-structural measures).  

PreparednessMeasures taken in

anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath.

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Any Question??? 

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