Gurbani Viakaran Course.pdf

Åsiqgur pRswid]

gurbwxI ivAwkrx GURBANI VIAKARAN (A Comprehensive Course in Gurbani Grammar)

Prepared & Published by:

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 1 Content 1.0

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Gurbani

2.0

Need for the knowledge of Viakaran (Grammar).

3.0 4.0

SbdW dI vMf mukqw

(Division of Words in Grammar)

(Mukta)

4.1 iek-vcn Aqy bhu-vcn (Singular & Plural) 4.1.1 ivSySx (Adjective) 4.2

4.3

iesqRI-ilMg nwvW (Feminine Nouns) 4.2.1 ivSySx (Adjective) sMboDn kwrk (Vocative Case)

4.4 sMBMD kwrk (Possessive Case) 4.5 sMbMDkI pd (Prepositions)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  2  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

1.0. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Gurbani It is the opinion of ordinary people that the syllables used in the end of words written in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji has no significants in denoting the respective meanings. However, after in depth study one shall realise that each and every syllable written on the last consonant of a word not only has a specific order but also defines the meaning of the word which relates to the overall meaning of the sentence. Ignorance of the above fact results the misinterpretation of the meaning as well as the wrong pronunciation of Gurbani. This further leads to the errors in printing of Gurbani which misses out the syllables and the subscript consonants and numbers. The result of the above trend will have a great impact on the future generations as the authentic meanings of Gurbani will be lost and many may interpret Gurbani baselessly and directed to the writer’s opinion. This will cause enormous damage in Gurbani reading as well as understanding. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy has emerged to educate and enhance the knowledge of Gurbani through authentic and approved approach in reviving the concepts as well as the practices in reading and understanding Gurbani. Therefore this module aims to understand in depth the grammar of Gurbani.

2.0

Need for the knowledge of Viakaran (Grammar). 1. To appreciate the grammar of Gurbani by understanding the principals of the composition 2. To learn technique of grammer used in Gurbani. 3. To understand the meanings of words through grammatical approach adopted in Gurbani. 4. To appreciate Gurbani with the correct pronunciation and punctuation in accordance to the grammatical rules. 5. To have enough knowledge of the structure of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji in terms of its marvellous and outstanding

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  3  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani literature which completes the entire world’s knowledge and goes beyond boundaries of excellent compositions.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  4  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

3.0

SbdW dI vMf

nWv (Noun)

(Division of Words in Grammar)

- jo Sbd iksy ivSyS jIv, QW jW vsqU dw igAwn krwvy,

aus nUM nWv AwKdy hn[ ijvyN :- mohn, Gr, kursI, sMq, mn, AMnHw, bwbw Awid[ A word (other than a pronoun) or group of words used to name or identify any of a class of persons, places, or things (common noun), or a particular one of these (proper noun). pVnWv (Pronoun)

iekvcn (Singular)

bhu v cn (Plural)

- ijhV Sbd nWv dI QW vrqy jwx, aus nUM pVnWv AwKdy

hn[ ijvy:- mYN, AsIN, qUM, qusIN, Aqy auh Awid[ A word used instead of a noun already mentioned or known, esp. to avoid repetition (e.g. we, their, this, ourselves). - jdo koeI Sbd kyvl iek vsqU jW jIv dw igAwn krwvy

qW ies nUM iekvcn AwKdy hn[ ijvy:- A`K, pu`qR, QwlI[ A singular word or form. - jdoN koeI Sbd iek qoN izAwdw vsqUAW jW jIvW dw

igAwn krwvy qoN ausnUM bhuvcn AwKdy hW[ ibMdI sihq kMnw bhuvcn bxwauNdw hY[ ijvy:- guris`KW, BweIAW, rwgW, BgqW Awid[ bhuvcnI nWvW Aqy sMboDkW dI ibhwrI dw aucwrx ibMdI sihq krn nwl ies nUM bhuvcn bxwauNdW hY[ ijvy:- puqRIN, gurisKIN, chuckIN, Awid[ (of a word or form) Denoting more than one.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  5  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

pu i lM g

- jdoN iksy Sbd qoN purKvwck jIvW jW vsqU dw igAwn

(Masculine)

hovy qW ies nUM puilMg AwKdy hn[ ijvyN :- lVkw, GoVw[ Of or denoting the gender proper to words or grammatical forms classified as male.

iesqR I ilM g

- jdoN iksy Sbd qoN mwdw Bwv vwly jIv / jIvW jW vsqU /

(Feminine)

vsqUAW dw igAwn hovy, qW ies nUM iesqRIilMg AwKdy hn[ ijvy:- lVkI, GoVI, kursI, rwxI Awid[ Of or denoting the gender proper to words or grammatical forms classified as female.

pu r K

- au ` q m pu r K (First Person) ijvyN :- mYN Aqy AsIN[

mDm pu r K (Second Person) :- qUM Aqy qusIN[ AnX pu r K (Third Person) :- auh, aus, auhnW, Awid[

sbM D k (Preposition)

Xo j k (kwrk) (Conjuction)

sM b o D k

- ijhVw Sbd nWv / pVnWv / ivSySx nwl Awky iehnW

dw sbMD dUsry Awey SbdW nwl bxwvy, aus nUM sbMDk AwKdy hn[ ijvyN :- kw, ky, kI, dw, dy, dI, nUM, nwl, nyVy, dUr Awid[ A word governing (and usu. preceding) a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element, e.g. ‘came after dinner’, ‘what did you do it for’. - jo do SbdW jW vwkW nMU Awps iv`c joVy, aus nUM Xojk

AwKdy hn[ ijvyN:- Aqy, pr, qW, ikauNik, jykr Awid[ A word used to connect clauses or sentences or words in the same clause (e.g. and, but, if). - iksy ivSyS ivAkqI ƒ sMboDn krn leI vriqAw igAw Sbd, (To call upon someone) sMboDk AwiKAw jWdw hY;

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  6  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ijvyN :- mohn, pRIqmw, AMDy, mUVy, ijMduVIey Awid[ ies qoN bwAd ‘!’ ivsimk dw icMnH lgwieAw jWdw hY[ ivSy S x (Adjectives)

ikirAw (Verb)

ikirAw ivSy S x (Adverb)

kwrk (Case)

- jo Sbd nWv jW pVnWv dI ivSySqw kry, aus ƒ ivSySx

AwKdy hn[ ijvyN :- Cotw, motw, kwlw, mYlw Awid[ A word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or grammatically related to a noun. - jo Sbd iksy kMm dy hox ƒ pRgt kry; ijvy :- bYTxw,

Kwnw, suxnw, Awid[ ikirAw, iekvcn, bhuvcn,iesqRIilMg, puilMg Aqy kwl Anuswr vrqI jWdI hY[ ies krky ies dw aucwrx bhuq iDAwn mMgdw hY[ ‘ikirAw’ AwigAw, hukm, bynqI, ie`Cw, Awid ƒ pRgt krdI hY[ ijvyN :- qusI nwm jpo[ qUM skUl jw[ jwxw ikrAw hY pr ‘jw’ hukmI ikirAw hY[ mYnUM pwxI dy Aqy mYnUM do rupey idE Awid iv`c dy Aqy idE ikirAw, hukm Aqy bynqI drswauNdIAW hn[ A word used to indicate an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part or the predicate of a sentence (e.g. hear, be, happen). - jo Sbd iksy ikirAw dI ivSySqw d`sdy hn[ijvyN:- qyz

dOVnw, svyry jwgxw, QoVHw Kwxw Awid[ ieQy qyz, svyr Aqy QoVHw ikirAw ivSySx hn[ A word or phrase that modifies or qualifies another word or a word-group, expressing a relation of place, time, manner, cause degree, etc. (e.g. gently, quite, then, there). - iksy vwk iv`c nWv jW pVnWv dw ikirAw nwl sMbMD krvwaux vwly Sbd ƒ kwrk ikhw jWdw hY; ijvyN:- ny, ƒ, leI, vwsqy, iv`c, qoN, au`qy, kolo, dy, dI, dIAW,

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  7  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

duAwrw Awid[ sMboDn kwrk nWv dw auh rUp hY jo iksy ƒ sMboDn krn leI vriqAw jwvy; ijvy:- ey, auey muMifAw, Brwvw, s`jxw, Bgqw, s`jxo, Bgqo, BweIE Awid sMboDn kwrk hn[ The relation of a word to other words in a sentence. A form of a noun, adjective, or pronoun expressing this. 4.0

mukqw

(Mukta)

4.1 iek-vcn Aqy bhu-vcn (Singular & Plural) ijnHW nwvW dy AMq iv`c AONkV hovy Eh Awm krky iek-vcn (singular) huMdy hn[ aunHW dw bhu-vcn (plural) bxwn leI AMqly A~Kr nwloN AONkV lwh ky mukqw kIqw jWdw hY[ijvyN-

Sbd

gurbwxI pMgqI Aqy vyrvw

ny h

- “iqn nyhu lgw rb syqI” (vwr Awsw) “siB kUVY qutY nyh” (sRI rwg m: 1) pihlI quk ivc ‘nyhu’ iek-vcn hY qy dUjI quk ivc bhu-vcn hox krky AMqly ‘h’ nwloN AONkV lih igAw hY[ In the first line the word nyhu denotes singular with the aungkar and the same word in the second line without any syllables (nyh)becomes plural.

qwp

- “siqguir qwpu auqwirAw]” (soriT m: 5) “qwp rog gey gur bcnI” (soriT m: 5) pihlI quk ivc ‘qwpu’ iek-vcn hY[ dUjI quk ivc bhu-vcn hox krky ‘qwp’ ho igAw hY[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  8  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

In the first line the word qwpu denotes singular with the aungkar and the same word in the second line without any syllables (qwp) becomes plural. du A wr - “nau drvwjy dsvw duAwru” “hukim sMjogI giV ds duAir”

(gauVI m: 1) (gauVI m: 1)

pM i fq - “pMifq pVY bMDn moh bwDw” (sRI rwg m: 3) “mUrK pMifq ihkmiq hujiq sMjY krih ipAwr]” (vwr Awsw) jn

- “jnu rwqw hir nwm kI syvw]” “pRB kau ishrih sy jn prvwn]”

pq

- “squ sMqoKu pqu kir JolI jogI]” “Bau Bwau duie pq lwie jogI]”

vwr

- “iQiq vwru n jogI jwxY]” “rwqI ruqI iQqI vwr]”

(suKmnI) (suKmnI) (rwmklI m: 3) (rwmklI m: 3)

(jpu) (jpu)

4.1.1

ivSySx (Adjective) bhuvwck nWv dy ivSySx (Adjective) dw BI AMqlw A~Kr mukqw huMdw hY, ijvyNAink - “Aink iblws krq mnmohn” (gauVI mwlw m: 5) Amu l

- “Amul gux Amul vwpwr]” 4.2 iesqRI-ilMg nwvW (Feminine Nouns)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  9  

(jpu)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

iesqRI-ilMg nwvW (Feminine nouns) dy AMq ivc AONkV nhIN huMdw mukqw huMdw hY:-

ivK

- “iek ivK n clih swiQ]”

(vwr gauVI m: 5)

dy h

- “mnu qnu dyh suKwlI]”

(soriT m: 5)

swr - “kml kI swr nhI mUil pweI]” (sRI rwg m: 1) (Kbr) ijQy ‘swru’ puilMg (Masculine) krky vriqAw hY Aqy ArQ ‘lohw’ jW ‘Asl’, ‘qq’ hY, auQy iehdy AMq AONkV huMdw hY, ijvyNWhere the word ‘swru’ is used as masculine an aungkar is used, as follows; “nwnk kQnw krVw swru]” (jpu) “rwm nwm swru rsu pIvY]” (suKmnI) vwr (vy r )

- “vwirAw n jwvw eyk vwr]”

(jpu)

“gauVI kI vwr” ivc BI vwr iesqRI-ilMg hY[ijQy ‘vwir’ dw ArQ vwV, bwV jW vwVI hY, aus dy AMq ivc ‘r’ isAwrI vwlw huMdw hY:In Gauri Ki Vaar, the word Vaar is feminine as the sihari on the consonant ‘r’. “swc Drm kI kir dInI vwir]” (Awsw m: 5) iesy qrW hyTly Sbd iesqRI-ilMg hox krky mukqy nwl AwauNdy hn:In the same manner the following words are feminine as Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  10  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

there is no syllable on the last consonant. vwq, bwq, DoK, Dir, ipAws, Kyh, syv, vyl, Gwl, Taur, gxq, klm, vwt, pUj, BuK, BUK, nId, kMD, iqK, pIV jW pIr, bwh, Aws, Awid[ pr keI Aijhy iesqRI-ilMg nWv hn, ijnHW dy AMq ivc AONkV mUilk AMg hox krky jrUr AWauNdw hY, ArQwq hr hwlq ivc AONkV kwiem rihMdw hY, kdI lihMdw hI nhIN[ However there are some feminine words which comes with an aungkar on the last consonant to maintain its originality. 4.2.1

PkV

kvx

-

ivSySx (Adjective) iesqRI-ilMg nWv dy ivSySx (Adjective) dw BI AMqlw AONkV lih ky mukqw ho jWdw hY, ijvyN:The feminine adjective also appears without any syllable on the last consonant. “PkV jwqI PkVu nwau]” (m: 1, vwr sRI)

-

ieQy ‘jwqI’ iesqRI-ilMg hY, ies leI ies dy ivSySx ‘PkV’ dw AMqlw A~Kr mukqw hY[‘nwau’ puilMg iek-vcn hox krky, ies dy ivSySx dy AMqly A~Kr nwl AONkV hY[ In the above shabad line, the ‘jwqI’ is a feminine therefore its adjective ‘PkV’ has no syllable on ‘V’. The word ‘nwau’ is a singular and masculine therefore the PkVu word appears with an aungkar. “kvx iQiq kvxu vwru]” (jpu) ieQy ‘iQiq’, iesqRI-ilMg hox krky ies dy ivSySx dw AMqlw A~Kr ‘x’ mukqw ho igAw hY[ The word ‘iQiq’ in the above line is a feminine, therefore

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  11  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

its adjective kvx has no syllable on ‘x’. swr

-

“squ sMqoK dieAw kmwvY ‘eyh’ krxI swr”[(sRI rwg m: 5) ‘krxI’ iesqRI-ilMg hox krky ‘eyh’ Aqy ‘swr’ dovyN mukqw-AMq Sbd Awey hn[ The word ‘krxI’ is a feminine therefore the word ‘eyh’ and ‘swr’ appears without syllable on the last consonant.

4.3 sMboDn kwrk (Vocative Case) jd koeI nWv sMboDn kwrk (vocative case) ivc hovy, ArQwq hy mnu~K krky bulwieAw hovy, qW aus dw AMqlw AONkV lih jWdw hY:When noun appears in vocative case e.g. when a person is called ‘Hey, human’, then the last consonant appears without any syllable. mn nwnk

- “gurmuiK nwmu jphu mn myry] - nwnk pwvhu sUK Gnyry]”

(suKmnI swihb)

ieQy ArQ ‘hy mn’ ‘hy nwnk’ hox krky ‘mn’ Aqy ‘nwnk’ dw AMqlw A~Kr mukqw hY[ pr ijQy ‘nwnku’ krqw kwrk ivc hovy, auQy AMq ivc AONkV hovygw:In the above two shabad line the word ‘mn’ and ‘nwnk’ is a vocative case therefore the last word appears without any syllable but whenever vocative case denotes the creator it appears with an aungkar, as following;

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  12  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“suin mIqw nwnku ibnvMqw]” (suKmnI) “khY nwnku mn cMcl cqurweI iknY n pwieAw]” (AnMd) sjx

- “dyhu sjx AsIsVIAw]”

4.3.1

pU r n dieAw l

(soihlw)

ivSySx (Adjective) ies sMboDn kwrk vwly nWv nwl jo ivSySx hovy, auh BI mukqw-AMq ho jWdw hY:-

- “qum pUrn purK ibDwqy]”

(gauVI m: 5)

- nwnku kwiF lyhu pRB dieAwl”

(suKmnI)

4.4 sMBMD kwrk (Possessive Case) sMbMD kwrk (Possessive case, mu r ` k b iejw&I) ivc sMbMDI nWv dy AMqly A~Kr nwloN AOkV lih ky mukqw ho jWdw hY, BWvy sMbMDkI pd ‘dw’ jW ‘kw’ lop hovy jW prgt:-

mo K du A wru

-

jgdIs -

gu r

-

“mMnY pwvih moK duAwru]” (jpu) moK dw duAwrw “lKu lKu gyVw AwKIAih eyku nwmu jgdIs]” (jpu) jgdIs dw iek nwm[ ‘gur’ dw Asl rUp ‘ru’ vwlw hY[ pr jd ies dw ArQ ‘gur dw’ hovy, qW iehdw ‘r’ mukqw huMdw hY, ijvyN ‘gur pRswid ivc[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  13  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ies dw ArQ hY ‘gurU dI ikrpw nwl[iesy qrHW ‘gur sMgiq’, ‘gurbwxI’, ‘gur is~K’ ivc ‘gur’ mukqw-AMq AwauNdw hY[ The word ‘gur’ originally appears with an aungkar on Rara (ru) but whenever the meaning is ‘Guru’s’ then the‘r’ comes without an aungkar just like ‘Gur Persad’ which means with Guru’s Blessings. Similarly the words Gur Sanggat, Gurbani and Guru Sikh the Guru word comes without an aungkar. iDAwn

-

“muMdw sMqoKu srmu pqu JolI iDAwn kI krih ibBUiq]” (jpu) ieQy ijvyN ‘sMqoKu’ Aqy ‘srmu’ nwl AONkV AwieAw sI, iqvyN ‘iDAwn’ nwl BI cwhIdw sI, pr ies dy ipCoN ‘kI’ Awaux nwl AONkV lih igAw hY[ In the above Gurbani Shabad the word ‘sMqoKu’ and ‘srmu’ appears with an aungkar, in the same manner the word ‘iDAwn’ should have been with an aungkar but because of the word ‘kI’, the aungkar has been removed. “AYsw nwmu inrMjnu hoie]” iv~c ‘inrMjnu’ dy AMq ivc AONkV hY, ies leI ies dw ArQ ‘inrMjn dw’ nhI ho skdw[ ieh ‘nwmu’ dw ivSySx hY[ iesy qrHW “nwnku nIcu khY vIcwru]” ivc ‘nIc’ ivSySx hY ‘nwnku’ dw Aqy ies dw ArQ ‘ nIcW dw’ nhIN ho skdw[ “hir hir kQw pVih purwxu jIau]” (s`d) ieQy ‘purwxu dI kQw’ ArQ nhIN ho skdw, ikauNik ‘purwxu’ dy AMq AONkV ipAw hY[ In the above Gurbani Shabad the word ‘inrMjnu’ appears with an aungkar, that is why, the meaning for the above word cannot be interpreted as ‘inrMjn dw’. This is an adjective describing ‘nwmu’. In the same manner, ‘nIc’ is an adjective which does not describe ‘nwnku’ as ‘ nIcW dw’.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  14  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

4.5 sMbMDkI pd (Prepositions) ijnHW nwvW dy nwl ibnu, ivthu, kau, syqI, ivc, mih,aUpir qy pih, pwis Awid sMbMDkI pd (Prepositions) Awaux, aunHW dw AMqlw A~Kr mukqw ho jWdw hY:mih

-

“sgl audm mih audmu Blw]” (suKmnI) “nwnk ijsu ipMjr mih ibrhw nhI so ipMjr lY jwir]” (m: 2 vwr sRI)

qy

-

“mn hI qy mnu mwinAw]” (quKwrI m: 1) “Awip mUAw mnu mn qy jwinAw]” (gauVI m: 1)

pih

-

“qnu mnu gur pih vyicAw]”

ivic

-

“siqguru boihQu hir nwv hY ikqu ibiD ciVAw jwie]” siqgur kY BwxY jo clY ivic boihQ bYTw Awie]” (isrI rwgu m: 4) “gux ivic guxu lY swir]” (bsMq m: 1)

mM D y

-

“mwn AiBmwn mMDy]”

ies qrW vy K o

-

Shj syqI, Twkr kau, eyk aupir sbdu ibnu, gur ivthu, Gt AMqir, jl bwJu, Awid[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  15  

(isrI rwgu m: 1)

(sRRI rwgu m: 5)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 2 Content 5.0 kMnw (Kenna) 6.0

7.0

ishwrI

(Sihari)

6.1

sMbMDkI pdW dy AMq iv`c

6.2

nwvW

(Noun)

ishwrI sQwn(Sihari)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  16  

(Sihari)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

1.0

kMnw

(Kenna)

bhuvwck (Plural); XQw, “jy sau cMdw aUgvih” (Awsw dI vwr) iv~c ‘cMdw’ cMd dw bhuvcn hY[ iesy qrHW Awsw dI vwr ivc ‘bMDnw’ (pO: 7, s: 2), ‘punw’(pO: 8, s: 2), ‘vwdW’ (pO: 11, s: 2) bhuvcn hn[ “rMg rsw jYsy supnwhw” (Awsw m: 5) iv~c ‘rsw’ ‘rs’ dw bhuvcn hY[ “And krih qyry dwsw” (soriT m: 5) iv~c ‘dwsw’ dw bhuvcn hY[Xwd rhy ik ienHW SbdW dw AMqlw kMnw swDwrx bhuvcn dw icMnH hY, iksy kwrk dI inSwnI nhIN[ 2.0

ishwrI

(Sihari)

ishwrI sB qoN vDky sMbMDk (Preposition) dy ArQW iv~c vrqI geI hY[‘ivic’, ‘bwhir’, ‘aupir’, Awid Sbd ijhVy iksy cIz dw iksy hor cIz nwl pdvI jW AsQwn dw sMbMD pRgt krdy hox, aunHW dw AMq ivc ishwrI zrUr AwaNdI hY Aqy ieho sMbMD d~sx leI nwvW dy AMq ivc BI ishwrI AwaNdI hY[ Sihari is used at the last consonant of a word either noun, pronoun or adjective as preposition which expresses the relation to another word or element, e.g. ‘came after dinner’, ‘what did you do it for’ (in, on, under, at, up, etc) reflecting the meaning of the word. In relation to the above Sihari is used on the last consonant of a noun.

2.1

sMbMDkI pdW dy AMq iv`c

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  17  

(Sihari)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ivic

- “BY ivic sUrju BY ivic cMdu]”

aU p ir

- “ilKy aupir hukmu hoie]” “DvlY aUpir’

(slok m: 2,vwr swrMg) (jpu jI)

- “kuMny hyiT jlweIAY]”

(slok PrId)

hy T miD, bwhir

(Awsw dI vwr)

- “sB hI miD sBih qy bwhir bymuhqwj bwpw]” (isrI rwgu m: 5) “hukmY AMdir sBu ko, bwhir hukm n koie]” (jpu jI)

sM i g

- “BrIAY miq pwpw kY sMig”

swiQ

- “nIcw AMdir nIc jwiq nIcI hU Aiq nIcu]” “nwnku iqn kY sMig swiQ, vifAw isau ikAw rIs]” (sRI rwg mhlw 1) - “mUrKY nwil n luJIAY]” “Awpu pCwVih DrqI nwil]” (Awsw dI vwr)

nwil:

(jpu jI)

pwis:

- “ijqVy Pl min bwCIAih iqqVy siqgur pwis]” (sRI rwg mhlw 5)

vis:

- “qRY gux ien kY vis iknY n moVIAY]” (vwr gujrI m: 5) “AMn@y vis mwxku pieAw Gir Gir vycx jwie]” (m: 3, vwr swrMg)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  18  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

njIik:

- “hoin njIik Kudwie dY Byqu n iksY dyin]” PrId)

(slok

brwbir:

- “pMifq sUr CqRpiq rwjw, Bgq brwbir Aauru n koie]” (iblwvlu rivdws)

gY i l:

- “aun kI gYil qoih ijin lwgY]”

qu i l:

- “ikCu puMn dwn Anyk krxI nwm quil n smsry]” (vfhMs mhlw 1) “kIVI quil n hovnI jy iqsu mnhu n vIsrih]” (jpu jI)

sir (=brwbir)

(Awsw kbIr)

- “hm sir dInu dieAwlu n qum sir]”(DnwsrI rivdws)

isir(=aU p ir) - “sBnw aupwvw isir aupwau hY hir nwmu prwpiq hoie]” (m: 3, vwr gUjrI) iesy qrHW hornW sMbMDkI pdW dw hwl hY, ijvyN,BIqir ,bIic ,AMqir , mMJwir , mih ,mwih, inkit,Awid, AMiq, vil, pwir,vil,pwir smsir, Bir, Awidk[

2.2

nwvW

(Noun)

nwvW dy AMq ivc ishwrI sMbMDkI icMn vjoN Qo N , rwhIN, jW dÍ w rw “isKI isiKAw gur vIcwir] ndrI krim lMGwey pwir]” (Awsw dI vwr) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  19  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ArQwq, is`KW ny gurU dI ivcwr dÍwrw is`iKAw hY, ik sv`lI nzr vwlw vwihgurU AwpxI bKiSS dÍwrw pwr lMGWdw hY[ In the above Gurbani means that Sikhs learn through Guru’s teaching and Almighty who is with vision of blessing, ferries across. “Aws AMdysy qy inhkyvlu haumY sbid jlwey]” (Awsw dI vwr) keIAW ivdvwnW ny ‘sbid’ pd dy AMq dI ishwrI dy Bwv ƒ nw jwxidAwN hoieAW ArQ kIqy hn ik ‘haumY dy Sbd ƒ jlw dyNdw hY’[ pr TIk ArQ ieh hn ik gurU dy Sbd dy rwhIN AwpxI haumY ƒ swV dyvy[isD goSit dy vIhvyN AMk ivc BI iliKAw hY ik, Some scholars misinterpreted the sihari on the last consonant of the word ‘sbid’ and interpreted the meaning that ‘the ego word is burned’. Whereas the correct meaning is that ‘one burns his ego through Guru’s Word’, in Sidh Gost in stanza 20 is writtened as follows; “siqgur kY jnmY gvnu imtwieAw] Anhiq rwqy iehu mnu lwieAw] mnsw Awsw sbid jlweI” ieQy BI ieho Bwv hY ik siqgurU dy Gr Dwrimk jnm lYx nwl Btkxw mu`k geI, iek rs Sbd dI gUMj ivc ilv juV ky mn itk igAw Aqy Awsw qy iqRSnw gurbwxI dÍwrw swV idqIAW[hor vyKo: In the same manner , the word ‘sbid’means that through the shabad hope and greed has been burned. Note: the sihari on the word ‘sbid’means through shabad. “gur kY sbid haumY ibKu mwrY qw inj Gir hovY vwso]” (isD gosit) “kwhU jugiq ikqY n pweIAY Drim] nwnk iqsu imlY ijsu iliKAw Duir krim]” (suKmnI) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  20  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ienHW qukW dy ArQ krn ivc keI vyr BulyKw pY jWdw hY[keI ArQ ieh krdy hn ik, iksy qrIky nwl ikDry Drm nhIN imldw[nwnk jI kihMdy hn ik aus ƒ (Drm) imldw hY, ijs dy lyKW ivc Awid qoN krm iliKAw hoieAw hovy[ The meanings of the above shabad can be misinterpreted that there is no way that faith can be found, Guru Nanak says that only the one obtains faith who has such fate. “Drim” Aqy “krim” pdW dy nwl ishwrI ƒ mu`K r`Kky TIk ArQ ieh hoxgy: nwm (ijs dw au~qy izkr clw AwieAw hY) iksy jugqI jW sMprdw duAwrw nhIN imldw[ ieh nwm aus ƒ imldw hY ijs leI Dur qoN bKiSs dvwrw iliKAw hoieAw hovy[ The sihari on the word “Drim” and “krim” makes the meaning to be that Almighty’s Name (the subject is carried forward from the earlier lines) can never be obtained through any society as this Name is obtained by the one who has such writ written through blessing from the beginning (Almighty). “ihMdU swlwhI swlwhin drsin rUip Apwru]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

dw ArQ keI s`jx ieauN krdy hn: ik ihMdU SlwGw krn vwly slwhuMdy hn drSnW ƒ qy mUrqIAW dy suMdr rUp ƒ [ The above line is misinterpreted as ‘The Hindu who praises, praise the glimpse (darshan) and the beautiful form of the idols.’ pr ‘drsin’ Aqy ‘rUip’ dy AMqly A`KrW nwl ishwrI dw Awauxw ies ArQ ƒ KMfn krdw hY[ies leI ies ishwrI ƒ sMbMDk krky hI lYxw peygw[quk dy ArQ ieh hoxgy:-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  21  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

The word ‘drsin’ and ‘rUip’ has sihari on the last consonant which proves the above meaning is wrong because the sihari makes the word to be preposition, therefore the meaning will be as follows; ihMdU SlwGw krn vwly r`b ƒ auhdy Apwr rUp Aqy drSn duÍwrw slwhuMdy hn, ArQwq ausdI SlwGw aus drSn Aqy rUp ƒ mu`K r`K ky krdy hn jo sMswrk A`KW qoN pry hY, iPr BI ies au~cy AwdrS ƒ Bu`l ky qIrQW au~qy Btkdy iPrdy hn Aqy mUrqI pUjw ivc ruJy pey hn[ ies qoN A`gy jogIAW bwbq BI ieho jhI ivcwr kIqI hoeI hY[ ‘Hindus who praises, praise Almighty through His form which is beyond bounderies and His glimpse’ means that Almighty is praised principally through His glimpse and His form which beyond the physical eyes but ignoring this fact they still visit the pilgrimage and roam around worshipping idols. “jogI suin iDAwvin jyqy” ivc ‘suin’ dy ArQ ‘sun ƒ’ nhIN ho skdy, blik ‘sun dÍwrw’ jW ‘APur rUp krky’ hn[ The word ‘suin’ does not mean ‘for the thoughtless state’ instead it means ‘through thoughtless state’ or ‘by the thoughtless state’. ijvyN “nwnk ieh guix nwmu suKmnI” ivc ‘guix’ dy ArQ ‘gux krky’ hn[ ies ArQ dI shwieqw leI dyKo[ iek hor quk: The word ‘guix’ means ‘because of virtue’. Look at the following Gurbani line. “koikl hovW AMib bsW shij sbd bIcwru] shij suBwie myrw shu imlY drsin rUip Apwru] Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  22  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

(gauVI bYrwgix m: 1) “min muiK sUcy jwxIAih gurmuiK ijnw igAwnu]” (sRI rwg m: 1) ArQwq, mn dÍwrw qy muK dÍwrw auhI su`cy khy jw skdy hn ijMnHw ƒ gurU duAwrw igAwn pRwpq hoieAw hY[‘gurmuiK’ dy mukwbly au~qy jo ‘mnmuiK’ hY, auhdy nMny nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI[ vyKo: The word ‘min’ means ‘muiK’ ‘through mind’ and means ‘through mouth’. The gurbani line means only those can be said are pure who has obtained knowledge through a Guru. In the opposite of ‘gurmuiK’ is ‘mnmuiK’ there is no sihari on the ‘n’. Whenever sihari appears on ‘n’ the word becomes ‘min muiK’ it means ‘through mind and mouth’ and not ‘self-willed’, the Manmukh appears in the following manner ; “mnmuiK soJI n pvY, gurmuiK sdw hjUir]” (sRI rwg m 1) “haumY ikQhu aUpjY ikqu sMjim ieh jwie ]” (Awsw dI vwr) iks rihxI dÍwrw ieh (haumY) jWdI hY? iesy qrW ‘gobir qrxu n jweI’ Aqy “ijqu muiK nwmu n aUcrih” ivc ishwrI dw ArQ ‘rwhIN’ kro[ “iqs dY cwnix sB mih cwnxu hoie]”

(DnwsrI m:1)

aus dy cwnx duAwrw swirAW ivc cwnxw huMdw hY[ dyKo: “BMfu mUAw BMfu BwlIAY BMif hovY bMDwnu]” (Awsw dI vwr)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  23  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ijhVw Sbd ‘BMfu’ nWv hY, auhdy f`fy nwl AONkV hY Aqy ijs ‘BMif’dw ArQ hY ‘BMf dÍwrw’, auhdy f`fy nwl ishwrI hY[ In the above shabad the word ‘BMfu’ is a noun and the word ‘BMif’ means ‘through a woman’. ivc

- “nwnk gur prswdI CutIAY jy icqu lgY sic]” (m: 3, vwr mwrU) ArQwq, sc ivc[ The word ‘sic’ means in ‘in truth’ “chu juig mYly mlu Bry ijn muiK nwmu n hoie]” (sRI rwg m: 1) ieQy ‘chu juig’ dy ArQ hn, cvHW jugW ivc Aqy ‘muiK’ dy ArQ hn, muK ivc[ “suixAY lwgY shij iDAwnu]” (jpu jI) ArQwq, gurU dI isiKAw suxn qoN shj (AvsQw) iv`c iDAwn l`g jWdw hY[ “nMnw nrik prih qy nwhI] jw kY min qin nwmu bswhI]” (bwvn AKrI) ArQwq, auh nrk iv`c nhIN pYNdy, ijnW dy mn qy qn ivc nwm vsdw hY[ “kwhy ry mn icqvih audmu jw Awhir hir jIau pirAw]” (gUjrI m: 5) ArQwq, hy mn! qMU ikaUN iPkr krdw hY, jid ik r`b Awhr (Xqn) ivc l`gw hoieAw hY[ The word ‘Awhir’ means ‘in the strive for living’ ijQy ‘Awhru’ kyvl nWv hY Aqy sMbMDk dI loV nhIN, auQy iehdy rwry nwl AONkV jW mukqw hovygw[ “krju auqwirAw siqgurU kir Awhru Awip]” (iblwvl m: 5) iesy qrHW Awsw dI vwr dI qyrHvIN pauVI dy pihly slok ivc ‘siqjuig’ “duAwpir” Aqy “kiljuig” SbdW dy AMq dI ishwrI dw ArQ ‘ivc’ hY[

au q y

- “AsMK khih isir Bwru hoie]” (jpu jI) dw ArQ keI s`jx ieauN krdy hn ik Axigxq lok isr Bwr ho ky AwKdy Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  24  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

hn (r`b ƒ) pr jo ieh ArQ huMdy qW ‘isir dw rwrw KwlI huMdw Aqy ishwrI ‘Bwru’ rwry nwl huMdI[ ijvyN Awsw dI vwr ivc iliKAw hY: “BY ivic ieMdu iPrY isr Bwir” ijs dy ArQ hn ik BY ivc ieMdR (b`dl) isr dy Bwr cldw hY[ ieQy ‘Bwir’ sMbMDkI (preposition) ArQ rKdw hY[ prMqU jpjI vwlI quk ivc ‘isir’ dI AMqlI ishwrI sMbMDkI ArQ rKdI hY Aqy ‘Bwru’ nWv (noun) hY Aqy ArQ ieh hn ik Axigxq AwKidAW BI isr dy Bwr huMdw hY[ ArQwq ,Axigxq AwKxw BI Bu`l hY, ikauNik ho skdw hY ik keI cIjW dw smUh swfI igxq SkqI qoN bwhr hovy, pr smUh Awp mhdUd hovy[ijvyN ryqV ivc ryq dy ikxky, jW sUrj dIAW irSmw[gurU swihb chuMdy hn ik Agm Agm dw Bwv pRgt hovy, jo Sbd ‘AsMK’ qoN pUry qOr qy nhI ho skdw[ “ivsirAw ijn@ nwmu qy Buie Bwru QIey]” (Awsw PrId) dw ieh ArQ hY ik ijn@W ƒ nwm Bu`l igAw hY, auh DrqI auqy Bwr hn[ iehdw ArQ ieh nhIN ik Eh ijmIN prny ho gey hn[ “nwnk BwvyY pwrbRhm pwhn, nIir qry]” (bwvn AKrI) ArQwq, jo pwrbRhm ƒ Bwvy qW p`Qr nIr (pwxI) au~qy qr pYNdy hn[ “qKiq rwjw so bhY ij qKqY lwiek hoeI]” ieQy ‘qKiq’ dy ArQ hn, ‘qKq au`qy’[

(m: 3, vwr mwrU)

“ijqu qin pweIAih nwnkw sy qn hovih Cwr]” ieQy pihly ‘qin’ dy ArQ hn, ‘qn au~qy’[

(Awsw dI vwr)

qo N jW Qo N - “Duir krmu ijnW kau quDu pwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) “Duir mwry pUrY siqgurU, syeI huix siqguir mwry]” (vwr gauVI m; 4) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  25  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘Duir’ dy ArQ ‘Dur’ qoN hn, pr ijQy sMbMDkI pd v`Krw id`qw huMdw hY, auQy ‘Dur’ dy rwry nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI[ijvyN “Dur kI bwxI AweI]” (soriT m: 5) “jy hovY pUrib iliKAw]” ( Awsw dI vwr ) ivc “pUrib’ dy ArQ ‘pUrb qoN’, ‘ipCy qoN’ hn[ ƒ jW vil

- “nMgw dojik cwilAw qw idsY Krw frwvxw]” (Awsw dI vwr) dojk ƒ cilAw[ “dyNdw nrik surig lYNdy, dyKhu iehu iD|wxw]” (m: 1, vwr mlwr)

q` k ,qo V I - “Asmwin ikAwVw iCikEnu]” (vwr sqw blvMf) Asmwn q`k cotI iK`c ky lY igAw[ nwl

- “JKiV vwau n foleI prbq myrwxu]” (vwr sqw blvMf) gurU Amrdws myrU phwV vw|x hY,auh J`KV(hvw) nwl nhIN foldw[ “juj mih joir ClI cMdRwvil kwn@ ikRsnu jwdmu BieAw] pwrjwqu gopI lY AwieAw ibMdRwbn mih rMgu kIAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) keI s`jx ienHW qukW dy ArQ ieauN krdy hn: Xjur (vyd dy smyN dÍwpr) ivc zor vwlw ClIAw cMdRbMsI kwnH nwm ikRSn Xwdv kOm dw hoieAw, jo jmnw dy pwr jw ky gopIAW ilAwauNdw qy ibMdRwbn ivc rws mcwauNdw sI[ieh ArQ ishwrI dy nymW dy ault hn[‘joir’ dy ArQ hn ‘zor nwl’, zor vwlw nhIN ho skdy[‘ cMdRwvil’ dy l`ly dI ishwrI iesqrI ilMg dI inSwnI hY[(dyKo nym 19) ‘pwrjwqu’ dy ArQ ‘pr jw ky’ qW huMdy, jykr ieh Sbd Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  26  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

‘pwir jwie’ huMdw[dSw jW sQwn vwck sMbMDkI SbdW dy AMq ivc ishwrI dw Awauxw jrUrI hY[ XQw:“gur sbdI pwir auqrIAY ry]”

(Awsw m :5)

ies leI ‘pwr dI QW ‘pwir’ hoxw cwhIdw sI[‘pwr’ dw rwrw mukq jW AONkV vwlw qdoN huMdw hY jdoN ‘pwr’ nWv hovy[ XQw: “lhY n pwru rI]”

(DnwsrI iqRlocn)

ienHW AONkVw ƒ mu`K r`K ky ienHW qukW dy ArQ ieh hoxy cwhIdy hn: Xjur(vyd dy smyN dÍwpr) ivc jo kwnH ikRSn Xwdv hoieAw, aus ny cMdRwvlI ƒ zor nwl CilAw[auh AwpxI gopI (sqBwmw) leI pwrjwquu (dw ibRC ieMdR dy bwg ivcoN) lY AwieAw[aus ibMdRwbn ivc coj kIqy[(dyKo dsm skMd Bwgvq) “ijau pwvku eIDin nhIN DRwpY]” ijvyN A`g bwlx nwl nhIN r`jdI[

(suKmnI)

“kwim kRoiD ngru bhu BirAw]” (soihlw) kwm Aqy kRoD nwl (dyhI dw) ngr bhuq BirAw hoieAw hY[ “ijauN swbUix kwpr aUjl hoq]” swbx nwl[

(rwmklI m: 5)

“BY ivic DrqI dbI Bwir]” (Awsw dI vwr) Bwr nwl “kImiq iknY n pweIAw khix n vfw hoie]” (sRI rwg m: 1) kihx nwl v`fw nhIN huMdw[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  27  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

leI,hy q ƒ

- BwvwrQ (Infinitive) dy AMqly xwxy jW n`ny nwl AwauNdI hY[ XQw:“jw pih jwau Awpu Cutkwvin qy bwDy bhu PMDw]” (gauVI kbIr) ijnHW kol jWdw hW Awpxy CufOx ƒ, auh Awp bhuqy PMiDAW ivc bMnHy pey huMdy hn[ “AwKix AauKw swcw nwau]” AwKx ƒ AauKw hY s`cw nwm[

(Awsw m: 1)

“AMq n krxY, dyx n AMq]”

(jpu jI)

“joru n mMgix, dyix n joru]”

(jpu jI)

ivc ishwrI sMbMDkI icMnH hY BwvwrQW nwl, jo nwvW vwkr vrqy gey hn[iesy qrHW, “ibgisau pyiK rMgu ksMBu ko ,pr igRh johin jwieau]” (tofI m: 5) “siqgur isau Awlwie byVy fubix nwih Bau]” (m: 1,slok vwrW qy vDIk) “jw kY hir sw Twkuru BweI] mukiq AnMq pukwrix jweI]” (gauVI kbIr) “sMqw ky kwrij Awip KloieAw hir kMmu krwvix AwieAw rwm]”(sUhI m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  28  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

3.0

ishwrI sQwn(Sihari)

vwck ikirAw-ivSySxW (Adverbs) nwl BI ausy qrHW AwieAw krdI hY, ijvyN sMbMDkW nwl[blik Aksr auho sMbMDkW ikirAw-ivSySxW dw kMm idMdIAW hn[jdoN aunHW nwl sMbMDI nWv nhIN huMdy[ XQw:ivic

- “Dn ipr kw iek hI sMig vwsw, ivic haumY BIiq krwrI]” (m: 4, mlwr)

AM q ir,bwhir,s - “mwir Awpy jIvwldw AMqir bwhir swiQ]” (sRI rwg m: 5) wiQ sM i g - “ieAw fyrw kau sRm kir GwlY] jw kw qsU nhI sMig cwlY]” (bwvn AKrI,m: 5) nwil dU i r,mM i J

- “hir AMqir bwhir nwil hY]”

(ibhwgVw m: 4)

- “Awpy nyVY, dUir Awpy hI, Awpy mMiJ imAwnou]” (sRI rwg m: 1)

ny i V,iPir,bhu i - “jmu kMkru nyiV n AwveI,iPir bhuiV n mrIAY]” (vwr gauVI m: 5) V qil(=qlY ) ,au p - “fuib muey bgu bpuVy isru qil aupir pwau]” ir (slok PrId 122 Aqy slok m: 3 vwr vfhMs) bwhir vwir hdU i r au u r vwir, pwir vil

- “Kry KjwnY pweIAih, Koty stIAih bwhir vwir]” (vwr mwJ m: 1) - “dyKY suxY hdUir sd Git Git bRhmu rivMdu]” (sRI rwg m: 5) - “nwnk nwm ivhUixAw nw aurvwir n pwir]” (m: 3,vwr soriT) - “jw krqw vil , qw sBu ko vil]” (m: 4, vwr gauVI)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  29  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

EVik

- “kUV inKutY nwnkw EVik sic rhI]” (m: 1 vwr rwmklI)

Awid,miD,AM i q - “Awid miD AMiq pRBu soeI suMdr gur gopwlw]” (Awsw CMq m: 5) pwis

- “vsqU AMdir vsqu smwvY dUjI hovY pwis]” (Awsw dI vwr)

indwin

- “mwieAw kw rMgu sBu iPkw, jwqo ibnis indwin]” (sRI rwg m: 5)

mU i l

- “mMdw mUil n kIceI dy lMmI ndir inhwlIAY]” (Awsw dI vwr) “AYb qin ickVo, ieho mnu mIfko, kml kI swr nhI mUil pweI]” (sRI rwg m: 1)

viK

- “EQY sco hI sc inbVY, cuix viK kFy jjmwilAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) keI vyr kwlvwcI ikirAw-ivSySx nWv krky vrqy huMdy hn[Aqy aunHW dy AMq ivc sQwnvwcI ishwrI l`gI huMdI hY:-

by i g(=Cy q I)

- “jO kir pwcnu byig n pwvY , Jgru krY Gr hweI]” (gauVI pUrbI kbIr)

ArQwq, jykr Kurwk CyqI nw imlYsu[ hu i x

- “Qwau n hovI paudIeI, huix suxIAY ikAw rUAwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) “huix auiT clxw muhiq ik qwil]” (DnwsrI m: 1) ‘huix’, muihq’ Aqy ‘qwil’ ivc ishwrI sMbMDkI icMnH hY[ ‘qwl’gwaux vyly smyN dI ikirAw dw iek mwp hY[ “ huix nhI sMdysro mwieE]” (soriT m: 5)

Aib

- “bhuqy Pyr pey ikrpn kau, Aib ikCu ikrpw kIjY]”

kid

- “kid pwvau swDsMgu]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  30  

(DnwsrI m: 5)

(DnwsrI m: 3)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

jid viq (iPir)

- “dUK qdy jid vIsrY suKu pRB iciq Awey ]

(iblwvlu m: 5)

- “PrIdw eyho pCoqwau viq kuAwrI n QIAY]” (slok) iesy qrHW Pyir, bwhuiV, bhuir, Puin, punrip, ikit, bIic, mMJwir, inrMqir, iBin, EiV, aUpir, hyiT, hjUir, qqkwil, Awis pwis, Awidk ikirAw-ivSySxW dy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY[hor BI Sbd iekihry jW dUhry jo aupr d`sy ikirAw-ivSySxW vwkr vrqy jWdy hn, aunHW nwl ishwrI AwauNdI hY, ijvyN- iJim iJim, iTim iTim, muis muis, mip mip, vil vil, rsik rsik, Awidk[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  31  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 3 Content 5.0

ishwrI-sMbMDkI rUp (Sihari- Preposition)

6.0

Xojk (conjuction)

7.0

ishwrI pUrb-pUrx-kwrdMqk (Conjunctive Participle)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  32  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

8.0

ishwrI-sMbMDkI rUp

(Sihari- Preposition)

Xwd rhy ik jd ieho Sbd, jo au~qy sMbMDk jW ikirAw-ivSySx krky d`sy gey hn, nWv krky AwauNdy hn, qw ienHW dy AMq ivc ishwrI nhIN huMdI, ikauNik ieh ishwrI sMbMDkI rUp dyx leI hI huMdI hY[ jd Sbd hI nWv hovygw, qW auhdw rUp BI nwvW vwlw cwhIey[ XQw:When the word appears as noun then the last consonant has no syllable Sihari because Sihari appears as the preposition as shown on the following Gurbani lines; bwhr

- “bwhr kw mwsu mMdw, suAwmI , Gr kw mwsu cMgyrw]” (m: 1, vwr mlwr) ies quk ivc ‘bwhr’ ‘Gr’ dy mukwbly’ qy nWv krky AwieAw hY Aqy sMbMDkI icMnH dI QW iek v`Krw pd ‘kw’ vriqAw hoieAw hY, ies leI ‘bwhr’ dw rwrw KwlI hY, In the above Gurbani phrase, the word ‘bwhr’ and ‘Gr’ appeared as noun therefore instead of preposition syllable (sihari) the word ‘kw’ is used by leaving the last consonant ‘r’ empty (without syllable) not: sMbMD kwrk (Possessive case, mur`kb iejw&I) ivc sMbMDI nWv dy AMqly A~Kr nwloN AOkV lih ky mukqw ho jWdw hY, BWvy sMbMDkI pd ‘dw’ jW ‘kw’ lop hovy jW prgt Note: In possessive case the oungkar on the last syllable is removed although the preposition ‘dw’ or ‘kw’ appears or not.

“ijn kY ihrdY mYlu kptu hY, bwhr DovwieAw]” (m: 4, vwr swrMg) ‘bwhr, dy ArQ hn ‘bwhrlw pwsw’, jo nWv hY[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  33  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

The word ‘bwhr’ means outside which is a noun. “hukmu BieAw bwhru Gru CoifAw]” (soriT m: 1) ieQy BI Gru bwhru nWv hn[ The word ‘bwhru’ and ‘Gru’ is a noun. “bwhru audik pKwrIAY]” (gauVI bYrwgix, rivdws) ArQwq, bwhru ƒ pwxI nwl DovIey[ means the external (bwhru) is washed with water. AMdru

- “AMdru ivDw sic nwie bwhir BI scu ifToim]” (m: 5, vwr rwmklI) jd Awpxw AMdr s`cy nwm nwl ivinHAw qW bwhr BI s`c ƒ dyiKAw[ When internally is pierced with the True Name then the externally the Truth is seen.

AMqru

- jdoN AMqir dw ArQ AMdr jW ivc huMdw hY , qW ies dy AMq ivc ishwrI huMdI hY’ pr jdoN iehdw ArQ Byd jW AMdrlw huMdw hY, qW iehdw AMqlw rwrw mukqw jW AONkV vwlw huMdw hY[ When the word ‘AMqir’ appears with a meaning of inside, it appears with a sihari but when the same word appears with a meaning as ‘different’ or ‘within’ then the last consonant comes with an aungkar or without any syllable as follows, “qnu mnu dyie n AMqru rwKY]” (sUhI, rivdws) “bwhru Doie AMqru mnu mYlw]” (Awsw m: 5)

aurvwr,pwr - “aurvwr pwr ky dwnIAw iliK lyhu Awl pqwl]” (gauVI bYrwgix, rivdws)

ArQ: ies sMswr qy Agly jhwn dI jwxn vwilE (icqR gupqo) qusI byS`k ilKo pey aUl-jlUl[ ieQy aurvwr Aqy pwr nWv hn[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  34  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

The above line the word ‘aurvwr’ and ‘pwr’ is a noun. EVk

- syvk kI EVik inbhI pRIiq ] (mwrU, mÚ 5) ‘EVik’ au~qy qW ikirAw-ivSySx krky d`isAw igAw hY, The word ‘EVik’ appears with a sihari it is a verb-adjective means ‘The love which Almighty's servant feels for Almighty lasts forever.’ pr jdoN iehdy ArQ ‘AMq’ huMdy hn, qW ieh nWv huMdw hY[ Aqy iehdy AMqly k`ky nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI[ ijvyNBut when the word ‘EVk’ means the ‘end’ it appears as a noun, e.g. “EVk EVk Bwil Qky, vyd khin iek vwq] (jpu jI) ieQy ‘EVk’ dy ArQ ‘AMq ƒ’ nhIN, sgoN ieh hn ik ‘vyd’ b`s iek g`l AwKdy hn ik AsIN aus dy AMq FUMf-FUMf ky Q`k gey hW[

AMq

- “Agm Agocrw qyrw AMqu n pwieAw]” (AnMdu) ieQy ‘AMqu’ nWv hY, ies leI iehdy q`qy nwl ishwrI nhIN[ The word ‘AMqu’ is a noun therefore there is no sihari on ‘q’.

sMgu

- “iqn@ sMig sMgu n kIceI, nwnk, ijn@w Awpxw suAwau]” (m: 5,vwr gUjrI) ies quk ivc sMg do vyrIN AwieAw hY[pihlI vyr qW ieh sMbMDk hY, ies leI iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI hY[dUjI vyr ieh iek- vcnI nWv hY, ies leI AMq ivc AONkV hY[ The word ‘sMg’ repeated two times. The first sMig appeared as with a sihari which is a preposition and the second sMgu is a singular.

swQ

- “piV piV BrIAih swQ]” Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  35  

(Awsw dI vwr)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ieQy ‘swQ’ bhuvcnI nWv hY[ The word ‘swQ’ is plural. mUlu

- “ieik mUlu n buJin Awpxw]” ieQy ‘mUlu’ nWv hY[ The word ‘mUlu’ is noun.

ivcu, bIcu

(Awsw dI vwr)

- “ivcu” BI gurbwxI ivc ikDry- ikDry nWv krky vriqAw igAw hY[AjyhIAW QwvW qy iehdy AMqly c`cy nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI[vyKo‘ivcu n koeI kir skY’ (bwrh mwh) The word ‘ivcu’ is sometimes used as a noun, the last consonant comes without any syllable or with an aungkar. Aqy :- “bIcu n koie kry AikRqGxu ivCuiV pieAw]” (ibhwgVw m: 5) ienHW qukW ivc ‘ivcu’ Aqy ‘bIcu’ dy ArQ ‘ivcolwpn’ hn[ jd AMqly sMbMDkI icMn dI QW iek v`Krw pd vriqAw jWdw hY, qW BI AMq ivc ishwrI nhIN AwauNdI[ ijvyN:In the above Gurbani phrase ‘ivcu’ and ‘bIcu’ means the ‘middle-person’. “haumY mnu AsQUlu hY, ikauN kir ivcu dy jwie]” (m: 3, vwr gUjrI) ieQy ‘ivcu dy’ dy ArQ hn, ‘ivcoN dI’ jW ‘ivc QIN’, ies leI ‘ivcu’ nWv hY Aqy c`cw AONkV vwlw hY[

bsu

- ‘vs’ jd sMbMDkI ArQW nwl nw Awvy Aqy nWv hovy qW iehdI Skl BI nwvW vwlI huMdI hY[ vyKo:“ikAw bsu jau ibKu dy mhqwrI]” (gauVI kbIr)

Pyru

- “Pyir vswieAw Pyru-Awix siqguir KfUru]” (vwr sqw blvMf) ieQy pihlW ‘Pyir’ ikirAw-ivSySx hY Aqy dUjw ‘Pyru’ nWv hY, (ies Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  36  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

leI dUjy ‘Pyru’ dy AMq ivc AONkV hY, ArQ ieh hn: iPr BweI PyrU dy pu`qR , siqgurU AMgd ny KfUr vswieAw) au~qy iek hor imswl dy Awey hW, The first ‘Pyir’ is a adverb and the second Pyru is a noun. The phrase means ‘Then Bhai Pheru Ji’s son, Guru Angad Dev Ji came to establish Khadur’. “bhuqy Pyr pey ikrpn kau…]” “nwnk myru srIr kw ieku rQu ieku rQvwhu] jugu jugu Pyir vtweIAih, igAwnI buJih qwih]” (Awsw dI vwr) ieQy “jugu jugu Pyir vtweIAih” dw ArQ krdy hn , aus dw jugu jugu ivc c`kR vtdw hY[ ieh ArQ qd TIk huMdw jy ‘Pyir’ dy rwry nwl ishwrI nw huMdI[ nwl hI ‘vtweIAih’ bhu vcn hY[ ies leI TIk ArQ ieh hoxgy :(auh rQu Aqy rQvwhu) jugo jug muV-muV vtwey jWdy hn[bwkI dIAW qukW qoN BI ieho pqw lgdw hY ik hr iek jug dy bdlx nwl mn`KI-jIvn dw rQ Aqy rQvwhu dovyN bdly jWdy hn[ The Asa Dhi Vaar phrase above can only mean that ‘it goes in circles in ages’ only if the sihari was not used on word Pyir. Therefore the correct meaning is that the chariot and its driver is changing for age after age again and again.

9.0 Xojk (conjuction)

ieh BI Xwd rhy ik keI Sbd idsx ivc ikirAw-ivSySx huMdy hn, pr Asl ivc auh Xojk krky vrqy gey huMdy hn[ArQwq do vwkW jW SbdW ƒ joVdy hn[ ies leI aunHW dy AMq ivc ishwrI dI aumId nhIN r`KxI cwhIdI[ ijvyN:Although some words may seem to be adverb but actually they are conjuction which connects clauses or sentences. Therefore sihari will never appear on the last consonant, as follows; Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  37  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

mqu

- “hir jpidAW iKnu iFl n kIjeI, myrI ijMdVIey, mqu ik jwpY swhu AwvY ik n AwvY rwm]” (ibhwgVw m: 4)

jb qb

- “jb jrIAY, qb hoie Bsm qnu, rhY ikrm dl KweI]” (soriT, kbIr) “jb hm eyko eyku kir jwinAw] qb logh kwhy duKu mwinAw]” (gauVI kbIr)

Ab

- “nYn rhy rMgu lweI ] Ab by gl khnu n jweI]” (soriT kbIr) ArQwq cUMik A`KW ny pRym lwieAw hoieAw hY, ies leI koeI hor g`l AwKI nhIN jWdI[ “Ab moih jlq rwm jlu pwieAw] rwm audik qnu jlq bJwieAw]” (gauVI ,kbIr) ArQwq, hux jo mY sVdy hoey ƒ rwm rUpI jl l`Bw hY, ies rwm dy pwxI nwl qn sVdw hoieAw TMfw ho igAw hY[ auqlIAW imswLW ivc Sbd ‘Ab’ do do g`lW ƒ joVdw hY kwrx d`s ky[

nwqu r (=nhIN qW,vrnw)

- “gur pRswid Akil BeI AvrY, nwqru Qw bygwnw]”(gauVI bYrwgix,kbIr) ArQwq, gurU dI ikrpw nwl myrI bu`DI bdl geI nhIN qW vwihgurU qoN Eprw hI rihMdw[

sxu

- “cUVw BMnu pLMg isau muMDy , sxu bwhI sxu bwhw]” (vfhMs m: 1) ieQy ‘sxu’ dw ArQ hY ‘Aqy nwloN’[

ivxu

- “ivx pwrsY pUj n hoveI , ivx mn prcy Avrw smJwey]”(gUjrI m: 3) pwrs hox qoN ibnW iksy dI pUjw nhIN huMdI, Apxy mn ƒ inscw hox qoN ibnW hI hornW ƒ smJWdw hovygw[ ieQy Sbd ‘ivx’ iek vwk ƒ dUjy vwkMs nwl joVdw hY[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  38  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

sxu, sihq, ivxu Awm qOr qy nWvw nwl sMbMDkI pd krky AwauNdy hn,pr cUMik sQwnvwcI nhIN huMdy, ies leI nym 7 (a) vwlI ishwrI nhI AwauNdI[

10.0 ishwrI pUrb-pUrx-kwrdMqk (Conjunctive Participle) ishwrI pUrb-pUrx-kwrdMqk (Conjunctive Participle) dy DwqU Sbd dy AMq ivc BI AieAw krdI hY[ ArQwq, ijs Sbd dy ArQ hox, Amkw kMm krky auhdy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY[ Sihari also appears on base words of conjunctive participle such as ‘ after doing this work’. Co i f, bY i s

- “mwsu Coif bYis nku pkVih ]” (m: 1,vwr mlwr) ‘Coif’ dy ArQ hn, ‘CoiV ky’ Aqy ‘bYis’ dy ArQ hn ‘bih ky’

Dir

- “Dir qrwjU qolIAY]” qrwjU ivc Dr ky qolIey[

(Awsw dI vwr)

pu i C

- “vfI vifAweI jw puiC n dwiq]” (Awsw dI vwr) r`b dI vifAweI ies leI v`fI hY ik auh dwq iksy koloN pu`C ky nhIN idMdw[

kir

- “kir ikrpw ijsu Awip buJwieAw]”

(suKmnI)

Bin,GiV,Fw - “Bin Bin GVIAY GiV GiV BjY, Fwih auswrY,ausry FwhY]” ih (dKxI EAMkwr) bIij

- “bIju bIij dyiKE bhu pRkwrw]” keI qrHW dy bIN bIj ky vyKo[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  39  

(sUhI m: 5)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

bo i l

- “kUVu boil krih Awhwru]” kUV boL ky rotI KWdy hn[

(Awsw dI vwr)

BiK

- “AsMK mlyC mlu BiK Kwih]” (jpu jI) Axigxq bury lok mYl Kw ky Awpxw Awhwr krdy hn, ArQwq, rozI kmWdy hn[ gurbwxI ivc inMidAw krn ƒ mYl Kwxw d`isAw hY[ ies leI ieQy Bwv hY ik keI mwVy purS inMidAw krky rotI kmWdy hn[ keI s`jx mluBiK ƒ iek sMXukq Sbd krky mMndy hn Aqy ArQ krdy hn, ‘mYl Kwx vwly’, pr ieh TIk nhIN[ gurbwxI ivc ijQy ieh Sbd joV ky krqrIvwck sMigAw bxweI hY, auQy ienHW dI Skl hor hY[XQw:“inMdku inMdw kir mlu DovY , Ehu ml-BKu mwieAw-DwrI]”(gUjrI m: 4)

keI lok “jy ko AwKY bolu ivgwVu” (jpu jI) dw ArQ kIqw krdy hn, ‘jy koeI bol ƒ ivgwV ky AwKy’, pr jy ieh ArQ huMdw qW ‘ivgwV’ dy VwVy nwl ishwrI huMdI[cUMik hY nhIN, ies leI bolu-ivgwV ƒ iek sMXukq pd mMnwgy Aqy iehdy ArQ krWgy, ‘bol ƒ ivgwVn vwlw’[ iek hor QWeI ieauN AwieAw hY:“AsI bol- ivgwV ivgwVh bol]” (isrI rwg m: 1) keI lok “swjn cly ipAwirAw ikau mylw hoeI]” (sUhI mhlw 1) ƒ ieauN pVHdy hn: “swj n cly ipAwirAw ikau mylw hoeI ]” Aqy cUMik au~qy k`pVy rMgx dw ijkr AwieAw hY, ies leI ies quk dy ArQ krdy hn ik, jo AwdmI Awpxy ipAwry v`l (au~pr d`sy k`piVAW nwl) s`j ky nhIN jWdy, aunHW dw myl ikvy ho skdw hY[ mYkwilP ny BI ievyN hI ArQ kIqw hY, pr ieh TIk nhIN[ ikauNik jy ieh ArQ huMdy qW ‘swj’ dy j`jy nwl ishwrI huMdI, pr hY nhI , ies leI TIk ArQ ieh hoxgy : s`jx Awpxy ipAwirAW ƒ imlx cly hn, ikvyN myl hovy? Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  40  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

iesy qrHW kbIr swihb dI bwvn-A`KrI ivcoN hyTlI quk dy ArQW ivc BulyKw pY jWdw hY: “As jir pr jir jir jb rhY] qb jwie joiq aujwrau lhY]” pihly do vwrI Awey ‘jir’ Sbd dy ArQ zr jW mwieAw kIqw krdy hn[ pr ieh ArQ krn leI jrUrI hY ik ‘jir’ dy AMq ishwrI nw hovy[ TIk ArQ ieh hoxgy: Awpxy ƒ swV ky Aqy prwey ƒ swV ky jd sV bhyNgw, qd jw ky vwihgurU dI joq dw cwnxw l`Bygw[ies qoN pihly Awpxy Awp ƒ jINvidAW swVn dw hukm iliKAw hY: “jjw jau qn jIvq jrwvY]” ies krVy hukm dw AmlI Bwv kI hY? auh ieh hY ik AwpxIAW Aqy prweIAW cIjW dI jo mn`K ƒ iqRSnw hY, aus ƒ swV dyvy, qy ieauN sV ky vwihgurU dI Apwr joqI dy ilSkwry lvy[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  41  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 4 Content 8.0

ishwrI-sMbMDkI rUp (Sihari- Preposition)

9.0

Xojk (conjuction)

10.0 ishwrI pUrb-pUrx-kwrdMqk (Conjunctive Participle)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  42  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

11.0

kwrdMqk

(Participle)

moifauAl 3 ivc d`sIAw hY ik kwrdMqk (Participle) dy nwl Awxw, jwxw, bihxw, rihxw, skxw Awidk shwiek-ikirAw (Auxiliary Verbs) jW ienHW dy hor rUpW ƒ lw ky jo sMXukq-ikirAw (Compound Verbs) bxdIAW hn, aunHW ivc BI kwrdMqkW dy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY[ ienHW kwrdMqkW dI Skl pRq`K AnumqXwrQ lkwr (Imperative Mood1) vwlI huMdI hY:The use of participle together with auxiliary verbs such as to come, go, sit, stay, etc. in Module 3, or with other forms which makes compound verbs has a sihari on the last consonant of the participles. Such participle’s form is of imperative mood as shown on the following Gurbani lines; bin 1

- “syvk kau syvw bin AweI ]”

(suKmnI)

Imperative Mood Definition:

The quality of a verb that conveys the writer's attitude toward a subject. In English, the indicative mood is used to make factual statements or pose questions, the imperative mood to express a request or command, and the (rarely used) subjunctive mood to show a wish, doubt, or anything else contrary to fact. •

•

•

indicative mood "Life is full of misery, loneliness, and suffering--and it's all over much too soon." (Woody Allen) imperative mood "Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country." (President John F. Kennedy) subjunctive mood "If I were rich, I'd have the time that I lack To sit in the synagogue and pray." (from Fiddler on the Roof)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  43  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

dIis

- “dIis Awvq hY bhuq BIhwlw ]”

(Awsw m : 5)

ijix, hwir kiF

- “qyrY nwie rqy sy ijix gey, hwir gey is Tgx vwilAw ]” (Awsw dI vwr) - “ieknw BwxY kiF ley ]” (Awsw dI vwr)

Cif

- “Cif bhih Grbwru ]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

Awix

- “hoie ieAwxw kry kMmu, Awix n skY rwis ]”(Awsw dI vwr)

By i j

- “siqgur swcY dIAw Byij ]”

(Awsw m:5)

Do i e

- “dy swbUxu leIAY Ehu Doie ]”

(jpu jI)

iliK

- “eyhu lyKw iliK jwxY koie ]”

(jpu jI)

pIiV

- “dir ley lyKw pIiV CutY nwnkw ijau qylu ]”(Awsw dI vwr)

iesy qrHW hor imswlW hn (In the same manner there are other examples as follows): AwiK suxwieAw, jwie jir, Kuis ley, pUir rihE, lIAw imlwie, pIiv rhy, cuix kFIAY, Awidk[ iesy qrHW jd BwvwrQ (subject) Aqy shwiek-ikirAw (auxiliary verbs) dy myl qoN jo sMXukq-ikirAw bxdIAW hn, aunHW ivc BI BwvwrQ dy AMq ivc ishwrI huMdI hY:-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  44  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

In the same manner, when compound verbs is made with the combination of the subject and auxiliary verbs, sihari also appears on the last consonant. AwKix

- “jy ko Kwieku AwKix pwie]” (jpu jI)

pVix

- “lgw pVix sloku]” (Awsw dI vwr)

no t : BwvwrQ (subject) dy AMq ivc ishwrI ‘ƒ, leI, hyq’ dy ArQW nwl AwauNdI hY, pr BwvwrQ qy ies dy sMXukq ikirAw vwly BwvwrQ ivc Prk ieh hY ik auQy qW BwvwrQ nWv sI Aqy ishwrI sMbMDkI icMnH sI, ieQy BwvwrQ muK ikirAw hY[ Note: At the end of the subject sihari appears with the meaning, ‘this, for, the, etc.’ but the difference between the subject and the subject of the compound verb’ is that the earlier subject was noun where sihari was written as preposition but here the subject is the main verb. 12.0

AnumqXwrQ-lkwr

(Imperative Mood)

keI vyr pRq`K AnumqXwrQ-lkwr (Imperative Mood) nwl ishwrI AwauNdI hY[ ArQwq, jd iksy iek purK ƒ koeI kMm krn leI ikhw jwvy ik, qMU Amkw kMm kr, qW aus hwlq ivc ikirAw dy AMqly A`Kr nwl kdI kdI ishwrI idqI huMdI hY[ XQw: Some times imperative mood comes with a sihari on the last consonant. When a person is instructed to perform a task (e.g. you do this), the verb’s last consonant comes with a sihari as follows; jip

- “jip, jn, sdw sdw idn rYxI]” (suKmnI) hy jn, qMU idn rwq hmySw jp[ bwxI ivc ijQy BI ‘jip’ Sbd ‘qMU jp’ dy ArQW nwl AwieAw hY, auQy ibnw-nwgw p`py nwl ishwrI AweI hY[ Aqy jd ‘jpu’ Sbd nWv Aqy ikirAw (iek vcn) krky vriqAw

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  45  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

igAw hY qW, ies dy p`py nwl AONkV AwauNdw hY, jW bhu-vcn hox dI hwlq ivc p`pw mukqw huMdw hY[ ijvyN:‘Hey being! you recite Almighty’s Name at all times day and night.’ In Gurbani wherever the word ‘jip’ appears with the meaning ‘You Recite’, the sihari on consonant ‘ip’ comes along without fail. Wherever the word ‘jpu’ appears as a noun and/or verb the consonant ‘pu’ comes with an aungkar. When the word ‘jp’ appears with the consonant ‘p’ without any syllable it means plural. “jpu qpu sMjmu Drmu n kmwieAw]” “pRB kY ismrin jp qp pUjw]” “AsMK jp AsMK Bwau]”

(rhrwis) (suKmnI) (jpu jI)

ies krky jpu jI swihb dy mu`F ivc jo ‘jpu’ Sbd ‘ gur pRswid’ dy ipCoN AwieAw, auh nWv ies krky hY ik ‘jpu’ nwm bwxI dw isrlyK krky vriqAw igAw hY Aqy ikirAw ies krky hY ik prmwqmw dy srUp Aqy qt`sQI l`Kx jpxy Xog hn[ ies krky ies dw sMbMD mUlmMqr nwl hY[ ies krky ieh AnumqXwrQ lkwr (Imperative Mood) vI hY ijs dw ArQ hY ‘jpxw kro’ ies krky ‘jpu’ ikirAwvI-nWv hY[ ies dw ArQ ‘jnxy Xog’ vI ho skdw hY ies krky ieh ikirAw vck Sbd hY[ Therefore in the beginning of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji the word ‘Jap’ which apperas after ‘Gurpersad’ is a noun as well as a verb. The word ‘Jap’ is a noun as it is the title of the Gurbani (Jap Ji Sahib) and a verb because ‘Jap’ with an auangkar defines an act of worth for recitation as the words before were the original and creator characteristics of Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  46  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

Almighty. Therefore this word has undoubtful connection with the Mul-Mantar. The word "Mool" means "main", "root" or "chief" and "Mantar" means "magic chant" or "magic portion". Together the words "Mool Mantar" mean the "Main chant" or "root verse". Therefore the word ‘jpu’ is imperative mood which clearly defines the act or command to recite. not: ‘jpu’ Sbd dy ‘p’ ƒ AONkV ies krky lwieAw ky ieh BwvwrQ (subject) dy huMidAw vI ikirAw vwck Sbd hY ikauNky ieQy BwvwrQ hI muK ikirAw hY[ Note: The ‘Jap’ word’s ‘p’ appears with an auankar which defines the subject as well as verb because the subject is the main verb. swlwih, ismir, Awih

ly i h, dy i h

- “eyko jip, eyko swlwih ] eyku ismir, eyko mn Awih ]” (suKmnI) ArQwq, ieko r`b ƒ qMU jp Aqy ieko ƒ slwh[ iek ƒ qMU ismr Aqy hy mn! ieko ƒ qMU cwh[ - “mn myry, iqn kI Et lyih ] mnu qnu Apnw iqn jn dyih ]”

(suKmnI)

su i x:

- “cqurweI n pwieAw iknY, qMU suix mn myirAw]” (AnMd)

kir:

- “rwm nwm isau kir ibauhwro]” (gauVI b: AKrI m: 5)

Dir:

- “Dir jIAry iek tyk qMU, lwih ibfwnI Aws]” (gauVI bw: AKrI m: 5)

13.0

ADIn vwkMs

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

(Subordinate Clause) Page  47  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivc iek qrHW dI ADIn vwkMs (Subordinate Clause) AwauNdI hY, jo A`j klH lop ho geI hY[ iehdy mukwbly au~qy A`j kHl ieho ijhIAW vwkMsW vrqIAW jWdIAW hn: In Gurbani there is only one type of subordinate clause appears which has disappeared in the present time. Now days the following clauses are used; “hukm mMinAW” prvwxu hoeIdw hY[“kUV kmwx nwl” kUV hI hUMdw hY[“isr invwieAw” kI huMdw hY? gurbwxI ivc ienWH hI vwkW ƒ ieauN pVHogy: But in Gurbani the clauses are written in the following manner; “hukim mMinAY hovY prvwx]” “kUiV kmwxY kUVo hovY]” “sIs invwieAY ikAw QIAY]” ienHW ivc pihly do Sbd ADIn vwkMs hn, ijnHW ivc muK vwk dw kwrx id`qw hoieAw hY[ ieho ijhI vwkMs ivc do sbd huMdy hn, iek nWv Aqy dUjw ikirAw[ nWv dy AMq ivc ishwrI zrUr hovygI Aqy ikirAw dy AMq ivc dulwvW[XQw:In the above Gurbani lines, the first two words are subordinate clause in which the cause is defined. Such subordinate clauses are made of two words, the first a noun and the second verb. The last consonant of the noun appears with a sihari and the verb ends with dulava. nwim slwihAY Dwin KwDY

-

“ nwnk nwim slwihAY mnu qnu sIqlu hoie]” (m: 5, vwr gauVI)

-

“eyqu Dwin KwDY qyrw jƒ gieAw ]”(m:3,Awsw p`tI) ies Dwn dy KwiDAW qyrw jnm ivArQ igAw[

siqguir

-

“siqguir imilAY scu pwieAw ]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  48  

(Awsw dI vwr)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

imilAY

siqgurU dy imlx krky s`cu l`Bw[

loik pqIxY -

“loik pqIxY nw piq hoie ]” lokW dy pqIjxy nwl[

pwris prisAY ipMif mUAY

-

“pwris prisAY pwrsu hoie]”

-

“ipMif mUAY jIau ikh Gir jwqw]” (gauVI kbIr) srIr dy moieAW Awqmw ikQy clw jWdw hY[

jobin hwirAw

-

“jru AweI jobin hwirAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) igAwnI s`jx ies dw ArQ ieauN krdy hn ik jd buFypw Aw igAw qd jobn hwr igAw, jW buFypw Aw igAw jobn hwr igAw[ pr ieh ArQ TIk nhIN , ikauN ik ‘jobin’ dy nMny nwl ishwrI hY[ ieQy ‘jru AweI’ mu`K-vwk hY Aqy ‘jobin hwirAw’ ADIn vwkMs hY ik jobn dy hwirAW jru Aw geI[ buFypy dy Awaux dw kwrx (pauVI dIAW auprlIAW qukW ivc d`sy) ivSy ivkwrW dy Bogx krky jvwnI dw hut jwxw[ Some scholars inteprates the above Gurbani as ‘when the old age arrives then youthness losses away’. But the above is not correct as the word ‘jobin’ appeared with sihari on the last consonant as ‘jru AweI’ and ‘jobin hwirAw’ is Subordinate Clause which means that by losing youth age in fullfilling (from earlier lines of Gurbani) evil desires, the old age arrives.

muiK joirAY -

(DnwsrI m:1)

(sRI rwgu m: 3)

“swkq isau muiK joirAY ADvIchu tUtY]” (iblwvlu m: 5) muK joVn nwl[ Xwd rhy ik ieh ishwrI nWv nwl hI AwauNdI hYY[ jdoN ieho jhI

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  49  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

vwkMs ivc nWv dI QW pVnWv hovy qW aus pVnWv nwl ishwrI nhI huMdI[ijvyN:To remember that the sihari comes with a noun and when “siqgur ivthu vwirAw ijqu imilAY Ksmu smwilAw]” (Awsw dI vwr)

14.0

smwn vrqmwn

14.1

(Present Imperfect Verb)

bhuvcn AnX purK (Third Person Plural)

jd smwn vrqmwn ikirAw (present imperfect verb) dy AMq ivc nMnw hovy Aqy auhdw krqw bhuvcn AnX purK (third person plural) hovy, qW AMqly nMny nwl ishwrI zrUr hovygI[ ArQwq jd iksy Sbd dy AMq ivc nMnw hovy Aqy auhdy ArQ hox: krdy hn, gwaudy hn Awidk, qW aus dy AMqly nMny nwl ishwrI iblwnwgw AwvygI[ijvyN:When the present imperfect verb’s ends with a ‘n’ and the composer is a third person plural then definately the ‘n’ will be with a sihari; which means that when a word such as ‘they are doing’, ‘they are singing’ etc. then definately the last ‘n’ end with a sihari. gwvin, jwxin

-

vwiein, ncin hlwiein, Pyrin cugin,

-

“gwvin quDno icqu gupqu iliK jwxin]” (sodru Awsw m:1) ArQwq, qYƒ icqr gupq gWvdy hn, jo ilK jwxdy hn[ “vwien cyly ncin gur]”

-

“pYr hlwien@ Pyrin @isir]” (Awsw dI vwr)

-

“kkru cugin, Qil vsin,rb n Cofin pwsu]” (slok PrId)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  50  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

vsin, Cofin swlwhin:

-

“ihMdU swlwhI swlwhin]” (Awsw dI vwr) iek vw ies quk dy ArQ AS`uD hox qy is`KW ivc v`fw rOlw ipAw sI[ ieQy ‘swlwhin’ dy nMny nwl ishwrI hox krky kyvl ieho ArQ ho skdy hn ik ihMdU SlwGw krn vwly slwhuMdy hn[ The above line means that ‘the hindus who praises, praise (Almighty)’ because the last consonant ‘n’ of the word comes with a sihari. jpu jI swihb dI quk, “suixAY muK swlwhx mMdu”, bwbq BI BulyKw ipAw krdw hY[ keI s`jx iehdy ArQ krdy hn, ik nwm dy suxn nwl mMdy lok mMUh qoN slwhuMdy hn, ieh TIk nhIN ikauNik jy “swlwhx” dy ArQ ‘slwhuMdy hn’ huMdy qW iehdy AMq ivc nMny nwl ishwrI huMdI[ ieh TIk hY ik ienHW ArQW ivc ivrlI QW qy nMny dy bdly phwVI muhwvry vwlw xwxw BI Aw jWdw hY, pr bhuq QoVHw[KYr, nMnw hovy jW xwxw, iehdy nwl ishwrI qW jrUrI hY[ ies leI ‘swlwhx’ ƒ BwvwrQ jW ikirAwvI-nWv krky hI mMnWgy[ iehdy ArQ hn, slwhxw Aqy swrI quk dy ArQ ieh hoxgy: ijnW ijnW ny vwijgurU dy scy nwmu ƒ sRvx kIqw hY, auh BwvyN mMdy pwpI sn, sMswr ivc muKI slwhuxy Xog ho gey[ In Jap Ji Sahib, “suixAY muK swlwhix mMdu”, is misunderstood as it is translated as ‘Upon listening to Almighty Name, the wicked ones praises Almighty with their mouth’, this would have been correct if the word would have appeared with a sihari. In the word .. the .. appeared without a sihari therefore .. is a verb-noun which means ‘praise worthy’. The above line means ‘Whoever listened to Almighty’s Name they are become praise worthy although they were wicked before’.

mrin:

-

“mrin muxsw sUirAw hku hY jo hoie mrin prvwxo]” (vfhMs m: 1)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  51  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

keI ies dy ArQ ieau krdy hn : mrnw mrdW Aqy bhwdrW dw s`cw hY jy mrnw prvwn hovy[ ieQy Bu`l ieh hY ik Sbd ‘mrin’ ƒ ikirAwvI-nWv krky ilAw igAw hY[ pr nMny dI ishwrI dsdI hY ik ieh ikirAw hY Aqy iehdy ArQ hn, mrdy hn[ Agy jw ky AMqlI quk ivc ‘mrin’ dI QW ‘mrih’ AwieAw hY[ swrI quk dy ArQ ieh hn: mrxw aunHW mrdW Aqy bhwdrW dw h`k hY jo prvwn ho ky mrdy hn[ 14.2

BivK`q kwl (Future Tense)

iesy qrHW jd AMqly s`sy-nMny vwlI ikirAw BivK`q kwl (Future Tense) ivc hovy Aqy auhdw krqw bhuvcn AnX-purK hovy qW BI AMq ivc ishwrI huMdI hY[ ieh ikirAw p`CmI pMjwb ivc Ajy q`k vrqI jWdI hY[ When a word’s last consonant’s group of ‘s’ and ‘n’ appears as future tense and third person plural the last ‘n’ comes along with a sihari. pausin jwsin

-

isM\wpsin bhsin

-

“qlbw pausin AwkIAw bwkI ijnw rhI ]” (m: 1, vwr rwmklI) “mƒiK sIgwru n jwxnI jwsin jƒ sBu hwir ]” (m: 3 vwr rwmklI) “AgY gey isM\wpsin cotw KwsI kauxu ]” (slok PrId) “gorw sy inmwxIAw bhsin rUhw mil ]” (slok PrId)

14.3 vrqmwn kwl (Present Tense) 14.3.1 bhuvcn AnX purK (Third Person Plural)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  52  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

jd bhuvcn AnX purK (Third Person Plural) dI ikirAw smwn vrqmwn kwl (Present Imperfect) ivc hovy qW AMqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI huMdI hY:When third person plural and present impect word appears then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with a sihari. mwrih

-

“mwrih lUtih nIq nIq…]” mwrdy hn, lu`tdy hn[ 14.3.2

(gauVI m: 1)

iek-vcn m`Dm purK (Second Person Singular)

iesy qrHW jd iek-vcn m`Dm purK (Second Person Singular) dI ikirAw smwn vrqmwn kwl (Present Imperfect) ivc hovy qW BI AMqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI huMdI hY:When second person singular and present impect word appears then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with a sihari. johih

-

“vyil prweI johih jIAVy…]”

rhIeyih, hoeIAih

-

“hMsu cilAw qMU ipCY rhIeyih CutiV hoeIAih nwrI ]” (gauVI m: 1)

15.0

ishwrI

15.1

(gauVI m: 1)

(Sihari)

mUilk ishwrI (Original Sihari)

mUilk ishwrI, ArQwq jy koeI Sbd iksy hor bolI ivcoN AwauNidAW Apxy nwl AMqlI ishwrI ilAwieAw hovy qW auh ishwrI kwiem rhygI[ kuJ Sbd ies pRkwr hY[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  53  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

The original sihari is the syllable which is brought along by the words originating from its mother language and these syllable remains with the word. Some of the words are as follows; hir, nwir, rwis (=rws mMfl),jugiq, Duin, BUim, Driq, pRIiq, idRsit, Awid, isimRiq, nwiB, mydin, SkqI, rYix, rwiq, ruiq, isRsit, jW isriT, kIriq, riv, Agin,jW Awig, jW Aig, smwiD, mriq, jiq, joiq, rIiq, Aiq, ibRiq, privriq, inrivriq, iQiq, SWiq, AwiQ, srix, iniD, iriD, ibiD, join, ibBUiq, suriq, DUir,jW DUiV, jW DUil, muin, iqRpiq, AwiD, ibAwiD, aupwiD, icMqwmix, sÍsiq jW suAsiq Awidk[ Bgiq = BgqI

-

pr ijQy BgqI krn vwly qoN Bwv hovy auQy ‘Bgqu’ (iek-vcn) jW ‘Bgq’ (bhu-vcn) Awvygw : “qyrI Bgiq qyrI Bgiq BMfwr jI Bry ibAMq byAMqw]” qyry Bgq qyry Bgq slwhin quDu jI hir Aink Anyk AnMqw]” (Awsw m: 4)

mukiq= mukqI

-

“mukiq Bugiq jugiq qyrI syvw]” (sUhI m: 5) pr ijQy Bwv mukqI pRwpq krn vwly qoN hovy, auQy ‘mukqu’ jW ‘mukq’ Awvygw[ “ieh jIau sdw mukqu hY]” (m: 3 vwr gUjrI)

giq= gqI, mukqI

“nwmo giq nwmo piq jn kI]” (DnwsrI m: 5) pr ijQy ies Sbd dy ArQ ‘cilAw, igAw, hoieAw, hox auQy iehdI Skl ‘gqu’ jW ‘gq’ hovygI: “AipE pIE gqu QIE Brmw…]” (jYqsrI m: 5) ArQwq, Brm clMqU hoey[ “dUK rog Bey gqu…]’ (Awsw m: 5) du`K rog clxy vwly bxy[

gMiF=gMiT

“jy jwxw lVu iCjxw pIfI pweI gMiF]” (PrId)

-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  54  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

jW gMTI

pr ijQy ieh Sbd bdl ky ‘joV’ dy ArQ rKdw Aqy puilMg huMdw hY, auQy ‘gMiF’ krky iliKAw jWdw hY:“kYhW kMcnu qutY swru] AgnI gMFu pwey lohwru]” (m: 1, vwr mwJ) “swcy nwil qyrw gMFu lwgY]” (Awsw m: 3)

buiD,isiD= bu`DI,isDI

“iriD buiD isiD igAwnu sdw suKu hoie ]” (m: 1 vwr mlwr ) pr ijQy bu`DI ƒ, isDI ƒ pRwpq hoey-hoey mnu`KW qoN Bwv hovy , aQy Sbd buDu, isDu (iek-vcn) jW buD isD (bhuvcn) Awauxgy: “BY ivic isD buD sur nwQ]” (Awsw dI vwr)

miq=buiD:

-

“miq QoVI syv gvweIAY]’’ (Awsw dI vwr) hoCI buDI krky kIqI krqI syvw gvw leIdI hY[ ieQy ‘miq’ dy ArQ ‘AYsw nw hovy ik’ nhI kIqy jw skdy ikaNuik ik ‘m`q’ dw q`qw aus hwlq ivc KwlI huMdw hY[ jW auhdy nwl AONkV huMdw hY[ ishwrI nhI huMdI[ jd ‘mqu’ dy ArQ ‘m`qw hoieAw’ jW ‘msq’ huMdy hn, qW BI q`qy nwl ishwrI nhI huMdI, AOkV huMdw hY[XQw“mnu mY mqu mYgl imkdwrw]” (DnwsrI m: 3) mn Srwb dw m`qw hoieAw hwQI vrgw hY[ iesy vjn qy Sbd ‘krmrq bixAw hY[ ijs dy ArQ hn ‘krmw dw rqw: XQwkoeI hoAw kRm-rqu koeI qIrQ nwieAw]” (DnwsrI m: 5)

piq=pqI jW iez`q

-

“jh inrml purKu purKu-piq hoqw]” (suKmnI) “eyqu rwih piq pvVIAw ]” (jpu jI) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘piq’ qo Bwv pqI jW Brqw hY[ “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]” (Awsw dI vwr) ieQy ‘piq’ dy ArQ mwx jW ie`jq hn[ iesy qrHW ‘ibpiq’ nwl ishwrI AwvygI[ jd ‘pq’ dy ArQ ‘pqr’ hox qW q`qw mukqw jW auhdy nwl AONkV

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  55  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

hovygw[ “Pl iPky Pul bkbky kMim n Awvih pq]” (Awsw dI vwr) ‘pqu’ jogIAW dI sMpRdw dw BI Sbd hY[ “squ sMqoKu pqu kir JolI jogI AMimRq nwmu Bugiq pweI]” (rwmklI m: 3) “pqu JolI mMgx kY qweI BIiKAw nwmu pVy]” (rwmklI m: 1) imiq=hd (Extent)

-

“krqy kI imiq krqw jwxY kY jwxY guru sUrw]” (dKxI EAMkwru) ijQy ‘imqu’ im`qr dI QW Awvy , auQy q`qy nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI : “imtI peI AqolvI koie n hosI imqu]” (slok PrId) “imqu pYJY imqu ibgsY…]” (rwmklI s`d)

siq=scw:

-

ieh ivSySx (adjective) hY qy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY: “crn siq, siq prsnhwr] pUjw siq, siq syvdwr] “Awip siq, siq sB DwrI]” (suKmnI) pr ijQy ‘squ’ nWv (noun) huMdw hY auQy iehdw q`qw mukqw jW AONkV vwlw huMdw hY[Aqy ArQ huMdy hn: ‘scu’ jW ‘siqAw’ ‘dwn pun’ jW iksy Kws SRyxI dw Kws Drm’ ijvyN, iesqRI jwqI dw Kws gux cwlclx dI piv`qRqw hY[XQw: “suixAY squ, sMqoKu, igAwnu]” (jpu jI) ieQy ‘squ’ dy ArQ hn, scweI dw Bwv[ “piq ivxu pUjw, sq ivxu sMjm, jq ivxu kwhy jnyaU]” (rwmklI m: 1) ieQy ‘sq’ dy ArQ ‘dwn’ hn[ ibnw dwn dy sMjm nwl rihxw kMjUsI hovygI[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  56  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“squ sIgwr, Bau AMjnu pwieAw] AMimRq nwmu qMbol muiK KwieAw]” (sUhI m:5) ieQy iesqRI rUp ho ky gurU swihb vwihgurU-kMq ƒ rIJwx leI Awpxy isMgwr dw vyrvw dsdy hn[“squ” qoN Bwv iesqRI dw jq hY[ “ibnu sq sqI hoie kYsy nwir]” (gauVI kbIr) kil=klI, kilXug, icMqw jW Blky

“nw-mrjwdu AwieAw kil BIqir nWgo bMiD clwieAw]” (vfhMsu m: 1) “gurmiK nwmu jpY auDrY so kil mih Git Git nwnk mwJw]” (sUhI m: 5) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘kil’ qoN Bwv kiljug hY[ “kil klys imtMq ismrix kwit jmdUq Pws]” (gUjrI m: 5) ieQy ‘kil’ qoN Bwv icMqw jW mn dw du`K hY[ jd ‘kl’ dy ArQ klw, SkqI, hunr jW skIm huMdy hn qW iehdy AMq ishwrI nhI huMdI: “Awpy hI krxw kIE kl Awpy hI qY DwrIAY]” (Awsw dI vwr) “jwiq mih joiq, joiq mih jwqw, Akl klw BrpUir rihAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) ieQy ‘Akl’ dy ArQ ‘klpdw qoN rihq’ nhI ho skdy, ikauNik l~ly nwl ishwrI nhI[ ieQy ‘Akl klw’ dy ArQ hn : AYsy hunr nwl jo (bxwautI) hunr qoN rihq hovy, Bwv bhuq hI au~cy Aqy AcMBw kr dyx vwly koml hunr nwl[ sB qoN cMgw hunr auh huMdw hY ijs ivc hunr dI hoNd nw idsy[ icqrkwr Awpxy hunr ivc pUrn sPlqw qd hI pRwpq krdw hY jd vyKx vwly dIAW A`KW dy swmHixEN icqr dw kwgz Aqy rMgwkwrI ElHy ho jwvy qy inrI mUrq hI mUrq idsy[ jy mUrq dIAW A`KW Aqy bulHW v`l vyKidAW kwgz dI qKqI Aqy rMg dIAW JrItW vyKx vwly dI rucI ƒ iK`cdIAW hn, qW auhdw hunr pUrw nhI[ rwjw duSXMq skuMqlw dI qsvIr vyKidAW-vyKidAW ienw mgn ho jWdw hY ik auhdIAw AwpxIAw A`KW coN hMJU ikr ky mUrq dIAW

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  57  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

A`KW auqy jw pYNdw hY, pr auhƒ ieho prqIq huMdw hY auh hMJU icqrkwr ny skuMqlw dIAW A`KW ivc bxwieAw hY[ jy duSXMq dw kwgz Aqy rMgW v`l iDAwn jWdw qW auhdy auqy ieh Asr nw huMdw[ sWg rcx vwilAW Aqy gwaux vwilAW dw BI ieho Xqn huMdw hY ik jo vsIly qy FMg hunr ƒ kwmXwb bxwn ivc vrqy jWdy hn, auh lokW dIAW A`KW Aqy kMnW qoN lop rihx[ iesy leI lwqInI ivc iek AKwvq hY ik “hunr dy Cupwx dw nW hunr hY”[r`b dw hunr auhdI kudrq hY[ gurU swihb dw Bwv ieh hY ik swrIAW SRyxIAW dIAW hsqIAW ivc vwihgurU dw nUr hY[ Aqy ausy nUr ivc swrIAW hsqIAW hn[ pr ieh nUr auhnw ivc AYsy koml hunr nwl pRvyS kr irhw hY ik mwno koeI hunr vriqAw hI nhI igAw[ mwdI cIjW ivc Awqimk-joq dw smwauxw iek v`fy AcMBy dI g`l hY[ gulwb dy bUty ivc auhdw bIj, im`tI, pwxI, hvw Awidk mwdI cIjW rl ky kMm kr rhIAW hn[pr ienHW qoN A`f iek hor koml qoN koml cIz BI kMm kr rhI hY auh hY vwihgurU dI joq[jo aus dI mwdI hsqI ivc Ajyhy brIk Aqy AidRS qrIky nwl vrqdI hY ik v`fy qoN v`fw swieMsdwn BI hYrwn rih jWdw hY[ iesy qrW swfy srIr, swfy mn, swfI Awqmw, swfy rUp, swfy rMg ivc vwihgurU dI joq Alop ho ky vrq rhI hY Aqy swfw BI sB qoN au~cw Prz ieho d`isAw hY ik “inrMkwr mih Awkwru smwvY] Akl klw scu swic itkwvY] So nru grB join nhI AwvY]” (Awsw m: 1) ArQwq, jo mn`uK AwpxI mwdI hsqI ƒ Awkwr rihq mhW joqI srUp vwihgurU ivc lIn kry Aqy pUrx jugqI nwl AwpxI AslIAq ƒ vwihgurU dI AslIAq ivc itkw dyvy, qW bs auh mukq ho igAw smJo[ siT=sTI:

-

“suixAY ATsiT kw iesnwnu]” (jpu jI) ‘siT’ dI purwxI Skl ‘sTI’ hY, ijvyN“cwlIsI puru hoie, pcwsI pgu iKsY, sTI ky boFypw AwvY]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  58  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

(vwr mwJ m: 1) gurbwxI ivc ‘sT’ BI AwieAw hY, ijs dw ArQ huMdw hY mUrK (fool): “sT kToru kulhInu ibAwpq mohu kIcu]” (Awsw m: 5) iesy qrHW jd ‘koit’ dw Bwv ‘kRoV’ huMdw hY qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI huMdI hY Aqy jd iehdw ArQ ‘iklHw’ huMdw hY qW tYNkw KwlI jW AONkV nwl AwauNdw hY[jd ‘hsiq’ ‘hsqI’ dI QW hwQI dy ArQ rKdw hY, qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY Aqy jd iehdy ArQ huMdy hn, hQ, jW ‘hsdw’ qd iehdI Skl ‘hsqu’ jW ‘hsq’ huMdI hY[‘suiD’ dy ArQ ‘soJI’ hn, ‘suDu’ dy ArQ soiDAw hoieAw hn[‘mUriq’ dy ArQ ‘mUrqI’ jW Skl hn Aqy ‘mUrqu’ mhUrq dI QW AwieAw hY[ In the same manner when the word ‘koit’ means ‘ten million’ a sihari appears on the last consonant but it means ‘fort’ then ‘t’ remains empty or appears with an auangkar. When the word ‘hsiq’ or ‘hsqI’ means elephant, sihari or bihari appears on the last consonant but when the same word means ‘happen’, ‘hand’ or ‘laughing’ then the .. letter appears empty or with an auangkar. In the same manner, ‘suiD’ means ‘realisation’ and ‘suDu’ means ‘corrected’. In the same manner, ‘mUriq’ means ‘idol’ and ‘mUrqu’ means ‘auspicious time’.

15.2

iesqRI ilMg vwck ishwrI (Feminine Sihari)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  59  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

iesqRI ilMg SbdW vwsqy ishwrI dI vrqoN ikqI jWdI hY, ijvyN ik hyT il`Ky Sbd hn jo gurbwxI ivc vrqy hn[ Sihari is often use to define a feminine word, following are some of these words which appeared in Gurbani; BMfwrix, Ahrix, souhwgix, prdysin, klwlin, bYrin, mwilin, bnjwrin, bYrwgix, swhin (=SwhxI), swpin, srpin, jlin, dwmin, vrqix, pVosix, saukin, gIhin, qwjin jW qyjix (=GoVI), Gwix, kwix, Awix, pwix[ kwmix:

qruix:

- “guix kwmx kwmix krY qau ipAwry kau pwvY]” (iqlMg m: 1) jo iesqRI guxw dy qvIq bxwey qW ipAwry ƒ pw skdI hY[pihly ‘kwmx’ dw xwxw mukqw hY Aqy auhdw ArQ hY qvIq jW tUxy Dwgy qy dUjy dy AMq ivc ishwrI hY Aqy ArQ iesqRI hY[ The above Gurbani line means that a woman who makes a charm of virtues obtains her beloved groom. The first ‘kwmx’ word appeared without any syllable which means ‘charm’ and the second ‘kwmix’ word appeared with a sihari which means ‘woman’. “jYsI qruix Bqwr aurJI, iprih isvY, iehu mnu lwl dIjY ]” (Awsw m: 5) ieQy ‘qruix’ dw ArQ iesqRI hY[ The word ‘qruix’ here means woman. “qrxu duhylw BieAw iKn mih Ksmu iciq n AwieE]” (Awsw m: 5) ieQy ‘qrxu’ qoN Bwv ‘qrxw’ hY[ keI Bu`l krky ‘qrxu’ dw ArQ iesqRI krdy hn, ikauNik ies quk ivc Sbd ‘Ksm’ AwieAw hY[ In the above line the word ‘qrxu’ means to swim across. Some misinterpret the word ‘qrxu’ as woman because the word

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  60  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

‘Ksm’ appeared in same line which means husband. ‘qrux’ dw ArQ jvwnI hY: The word ‘qrux’ also means youth age. “qrux qyju pr iqRA muK johih sru Ap sru n pCwixAw]’ (sRI rwg byxI) ienHW qoN Cu`t kuJ hor Sbd hyTW idMdy hW ijnHW dy AMq ivc ishwrI iesqRIilMg vwck hY:Other then the words mentioned above, the words written below are also the words made feminine by the sihari on the last consonant. byil jW vyil, dwil, Bwil, BIiq, krqUiq, dwiq, qpiq, Coiq, msIiq, ruiq, htqwir (=hVqwl), lbiD, ndir, Kbir, foir, vwir jW vwiV (=vwVI) CutiV, BsmiV, Ardwis, Purmwieis, swbwis, rhrwis, rwis[ 15.3

iesqRI ilMg nWv (Feminine Noun Sihari)

keI vyr jd ivSySxI pd iesqRI-ilMg vwly nWv krky vrqy jWdy hn, qW BI AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY[XQw:Sometimes sihari on the last consonant is used to define feminine adjective noun, as follows; bypIir kUiVAwir suMdir, sujwix, cquir

- “suin AMDlI loeI bypIir]” (goNf kbIr) - “ipr kw hukmu n jwxeI, BweI, ivx nwvY kUiVAwir]” (soriT m: 3) - “ibnu kMq ipAwry nh sUK swry hwr kM|x iDRgu bnw] suMdir sujwix cquir byqI sws ibnu jYsy qnw ]” (rwmklI m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  61  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

cMcil

- “cMcil sMig n cwlqI, sKIey, AMiq qij jwvq mwieAw ]” (iblwvlu m: 5)

suGir, inrguin

- “nh cquir suGir sujwin byqI moih inrguin gunu nhI ]” (iblwvlu m: 5) dyKo ieho Sbd jdoN puilMg huMdy hn, qW ishwrI ibnW AwauNdy hn:“suMdr suGr srUp isAwny pMchu hI moih ClI ry ]” (Awsw m: 5)

prDwin

- “qMU sqvMqI qMU prDwin ]”

(Awsw m: 5)

kurUuip srUip - “pihlI kurUip kujwiq kulKnI swhurY pyeIAY burI] Ab kI srUip sujwin sulKnI shjy audir DrI]” (Awsw kbIr) syvik

- “ihrdY hir hir nwm rsu kvlw syvik iqsu]” (m: 3, vwr iblwvlu) ijs dy ihrdy ivc hrI dw nwm-rs huMdw hY, l`CmI aus dI syvk huMdI hY[

15.4 ArbI BwSw dy nWv (Arabic Language Feminine Noun Sihari) ArbI qoN Awey nWv ijnHW dy AMq ivc qy dI QW q`qw hovy Aqy iesqRI-ilMg hox, aunHW dy AMqly q`qy nwl ishwrI id`qI huMdI hY:The feminine words originated from Arabic language appears with a sihari on the last consonant ‘q’ as follows; kudriq, isPiq, ihkmiq, hujiq, imhrwmiq, srIAiq, hurmiq , gYriq, krmwiq, jW krwmwiq, slwmiq, kImiq, muskiq, muhliq, naubiq, nIAiq, hYriq, sUriq, jrUriq, iKjmiq, dauliq, imMniq, Ksliq, inAwmiq, suniq, reIAiq, msUriq, muhbiq, qrIkiq, msliq, mwhIiq, aumiq[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  62  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

16.0

sMiKAwvwck

(Count)

sMiKAwvwck Ainsicq pVnwvW jW ivSySxW (Indefinite Pronouns or Adjectives) dI bhu vwck sMiKAw dy pRgt krn leI BI ishwrI vrqI geI hY:Sihari is also used to highlight the count indefinate pronouns or adjectives ieik:

-

jdoN ‘iek’ bhuvcn nhI huMdw qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI: When ‘iek’ is singular then it appears without sihari. “AslU ieku Dwqu]” (jpu jI) pr jdoN ieh bhuvcn Ainsicq pVnWv jW ivSySx hovy qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI jrUr hovygI: But when the count word is indefinite pronoun or adjective then it appears with a sihari. “ieik Gir Awvih AwpxY, ieik imil imil puCih suK]” (Awsw m: 1) “ieik dwqy ieik ByKwrI jI siB qyry coj ivfwxw]” (Awsw m: 4) ies nym ƒ m`uK r`K ky vyKo ik “iek AwpIn@Y pqlI sh kyry bolw]” (sUhI PrId) jo Awm qOr pr ArQ kIqy jWdy hn, auh ikQy q`k TIk hn[keI igAwnI ies dw ieaUN ArQ krdy hn: ieknw ny Awp pq lY leI, mwlk dy bcn mMn ky[ ies ivc keI nym BMg huMdy hn[ jy ‘iek’ dw ArQ ieknw ny huMdw qW iehdy AMqly k`ky nwl ishwrI huMdI[iPr ‘piq’ ijs dw ArQ ‘iej`q’ hY ishwrI nwl AwauNdw[ Normally the above shabad is translated, ‘some has earn their respect by obeying the Master’s instruction’. If the word ‘iek’ is intepreted as ‘some’ then there should have been a sihari on

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  63  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

‘k’ as the word ‘piq’ with sihari means ‘honour’. dyKo nym 5.0 jo aupr ‘lI’ ijs dw ArQ leI hY, aurdU pd hY, jo bwbw PrId jI kdI nhI vrq skdy[ies qo pqw l`gw ik quk dy ArQ TIk nhI hn[ iPr ArQ TIk ikhVy hoey? Refer to item 5.1 where the ‘lI’ is used to define the meaning of this Urdu word ‘pqlI’ which literally means skinny. Bhagat Fareed Ji would never have used this word (instead of ‘pq-lI’, ‘pq’means respect and ‘lI’means to take or to earn) purwxI vlwieq vwlI swKI ivc ies quk ƒ ivgwV ky ieau iliKAw hY: “iek Awip Dn pqlI ibAw sh ky bolw]” ies qo pqw lgdw hY ik swKI ilKx vyly ies quk dw kI ArQ smiJAw igAw[ ies dI shwieqw nwl TIk ArQ ieau jwpdy hn ik: ‘ie`k qW (iesqRI rUp) mn`uK Awp kmzor hY, auqoN mwlk dy krVy-krVy hukm cVdy hn[Bwv ieh ik ie`k qW mn`uK dI jwq hI inqwxI qy inrbl hY, auqoN ieho ijhy sKq hukm cVy hoey hn ik, Based on an old scripture (Walaiet Wali Sakhi) the same shabad is written differently (compare to Gurbani) which could have been based on the meaning which is ‘Firstly the human (form of female) is weak and the command by the Master is very tough’. “bolIAY scu Drmu JUTu n bolIAY]” (Awsw, PrId) “nr Acyq pwp qy fru ry]” (gauVI m: 9) “pr nwrI kI syj BUil supnY hMU n jYXhu]” (dsm gRMQ) ihik:

-

eyik:

-

“bin BIAwvlY ihku swQI lDmu]” (m: 5,vwr gUjrI) ieQy ‘ihku’ iek-vcn hY[ “ihk dMU ihik cwVy Aink ipAwry, inq krdy Bog iblwsw]” (jYqsrI m:5) ieQy ‘ihik’ bhu-vcn krky ishwrI nwl AwieAw hY[ “eyik ncwvih eyik Bvwvih ieik Awie jwie hoie DUrw]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  64  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

hoir:

-

Avir:

-

17.0

(rwmklI m:5) ‘hor’ jd iek vcn huMdw hY qW iehdw rwrw mukqw jW AONkV vwlw huMdw hY[ ijvyN: When the word ‘hor’ appears as singular there is no syllable or with an aungkar on ‘r’ as follows; “DrqI horu prY horu horu]” (jpu jI) “krim imlY qw pweIAY-horu ihkmiq hukmu KuAwru]” (Awsw dI vwr) “jy jug cwry Awrjw hor dsUxI hoie]” (jpu jI) pr jdoN ieho Sbd bhu-vcn ho ky AwauNdw hY qW iehdy rwry nwl ishwrI huMdI hY[ When the word ‘hor’ appears as plural then there is a sihari on ‘r’ as follows; “eyqy kIqy hoir kryih]” (jpu jI) “hoir kyqy gwvin sy mY iciq n Awvin]” (jpu jI) “nwnk inrBau inrMkwru, hoir kyqy rwm rvwl]” (Awsw dI vwr) “hau FwFI kw nIc jwiq, hoir auqm jwiq sdwiedy]” (Awsw dI vwr) “khY pRBu Avru, Avru ikCu kIjY]” (iblwvl m: 4) ieQy ‘Avr’ iek-vcn hY[ “Avir apwv siB iqAwigAw dwrU nwmu lieAw]” (iblwvlu m: 5) “jpu qpu sBu ikCu mMinAY, Avir kwrw siB bwid]” (m: 2, vwr rwmklI m: 3) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘Avir’ bhu-vcn hox krky ishwrI nwl AwieAw hY[ When the word ‘Avir’ appeared as plural therefore there is a sihari ‘r’;

inscy-vwck

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

(Demonstrative) Page  65  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

inscy-vwck pVnWv jW ivSySx (Demonstrative Pronouns or Adjectives) iehu, eyhu, Ehu, jd puilMg iek-vcn hox qW iehnW dy AMqly ‘h’ qly AONkV huMdw hY, jW jd iesqRI-ilMg hox qW AMqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI lgdI hY:When the demonstrative pronoun or adjectives (this, that, etc.) appears as singular masculine word then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with an aungkar and when it appears as feminine then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with sihari as follows; eyih

-

“shsw iehu sMswru hY]” (vwr mwJ m: 1) “eyhu jgqu imtI kw puqlw]” (rwmklI m: 3) ieQy ‘iehu’ qy ‘eyhu’ iek-vcn hn[ “pRB imlxY kI eyh nIswxI]” (mwJ m: 5) ieQy ‘eyh’ iesqRI-ilMg iek-vcn hY[pr “ijin eyih ilKy iqsu isir nwih]” (jpu) ivc ‘eyih’ bhu-vcn hox krky auqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI AweI hY[ The word ‘eyih’ appeared with sihari although it is masculine. The sihari denotes the word to be plural.

Eih, Eie

-

“nwnk Ehu purKu khIAY jIvn mukiq]” (suKmnI) ieQy ‘Ehu’ iek-vcn hY[The word ‘Ehu’ is a singular. “qU Enw kw qyry Eih]” (sRI rwgu m: 1) “nw Eih mrih n Twgy jwih]” (jpu) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘Eih’ bhu-vcn hY[ keI vyr ‘Eih’ dI QW ‘Eie’ AwauNdw hY[ The word ‘Eih’ in both lines above is plural and sometimes ‘Eie’ is used instead of ‘Eih’. “Eie mƒK mUV AigAwnI khIAih]” (tofI m: 4)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  66  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

18.0

BUqkwl

(Past)

jd iksy vwk ivc ikirAw BUqkwl ivc hovy, qW aus dy krqw au~qy jor dyx leI krqw dy AMqly A`Kr nwl ishwrI vrqI huMdI hY[ ieho ishwrI ky qy lMmI ho ky lW bx jWdI hY[ijs dw izkr lW dy nym hyT krWgy[ Whenever there is sentence refering to the past the last consonant of the particular word is stressed by the use of a sihari. The same sihari prolongs the pronunciation of the word e.g. ‘ik’ sounds like ‘ky’ and ‘iq’ sounds like ‘ky’. “nwmw sulqwny bwiDlw]”

(BYrau nwmdyv)

ivc ‘sulqwny’ brwbr hY ‘sulqwin dy’ ijhdy ArQ hn ‘sulqwn ny’[ The word ‘sulqwny’ is a short for of ‘sulqwin dy’ which means ‘sulqwn ny’. “TwiF pweI krqwry]”

(soriT m: 5)

ivc ‘krqwry’ brwbr hY ‘krqwir’ dy ijhdy ArQ hn ‘krqwr ny’[ Ajy q`k lihMdy poTohwr aqy ausmwn-KtV vl lokI kihMdy hn: ikSny mYƒ mwirAw[eISr cMdy AwiKAw[jy zor nw dyxw cwhux qW auho lok AwKxgy: ikSn mYƒ mwirAw[ The word ‘krqwry’ is a short for of ‘krqwir dy’ which means ‘krqwr ny’. guir

-

“guir hwQu DirE myrY mwQw ]” (jYqsrI m: 4) ArQwq, myry m`Qy qy h`Q gurU ny DirAw[Meaning: The Guru has placed His hand on my forehead. “so Gru guir nwnk kau dIAw ]” (gauVI m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  67  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurU ny nwnk ƒ id`qw[ Meaning: Guru has given to Nanak prmysuir

-

“hwQ dyie rwKy prmysuir sglw durqu imtwieAw ]” (gUjrI m: 5)

pRiB

-

“srb kilAwx pRiB kIny]” (soriT m: 5) hr qrW dI suK-sWd pRBU ny kIqI[

puriK

-

“krqY puriK qwlu idvwieAw]” qlwA krqy-purK ny idvwieAw[

guir Amrdwis

-

“guir Amrdwis krqwru kIAau vis…]” (kIrq, sv`Xy m: 4) gurU Amrdws ny krqwr ƒ vs kIqw[

siqguir

-

“ijn kau siqguir QwipAw iqn myit n skY koie]” (isrI rwg m: 1) ijnHW ƒ qW siqgurU ny AsQwpn kIqw hovy, aunHW ƒ koeI myt nhI skdw[

bwip

-

“bwip idlwsw myro kInw] syj suKwlI muiK AMimRqu dInw] iqsu bwp kau ikau mnhu ivswrI]” (Awsw kbIr) pihlI quk ivc ‘bwip’ krqw hY Aqy qIjI ivc krm[

ipir mUriK

-

“ipir CifAVI suqI ipr kI swr n jwxI]” (quKwrI m: 1) “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]” ( Awsw dI vwr) AMnHy mUrK ny pq gvw leI[

ijin

-

“ijin hir pwieE iqnih CpwieE]” (tofI nwmdyv) ijs iksy ny hrI ƒ pwieAw, aus ny ies g`l ƒ Cupw ky r`iKAw hY[

(soriT m: 5)

“ijin dIey iqsu buJY n ibgwnw]” (suKmnI) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  68  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“Dnu Dnu siqguru ijin nwmu idRVwieAw]” (jYqsrI m: 4) ienHW imswlW ivc ‘ijin’ krqw hY[ ijQy ieh krqw nhI huMdw, auQy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI[XQw: In the above Gurbani lines, the word ‘ijin’ means Creator (Almighty), whenever it appears with a different meaning (e.g. who, whoever. etc.) the consonant ‘n’ comes empty without sihari as follows; “ijn min pRIiq lgI hir kyrI iqn Duir Bwg purwnw] iqn hm crx sryvh iKnu iKnu ijn hir mIT lgwnw]” (jYqsrI m: 4) iqin

-

“ijskw sw iqin lIAw imlwie]” (suKmnI) ijQy ‘iqin’ krqw nhI huMdw auQy iehdy nMny nwl ishwrI nhI huMdI[ In the above Gurbani lines, the word ‘iqin’ means Creator (Almighty), whenever it appears with a different meaning (e.g. he, she, etc.) the consonant ‘n’ comes empty without sihari as follows; “keI koit pwrbRhm ky dws] iqn hovq Awqm prgws]”(suKmnI) “pVih guxih iqn cwr vIcwr]” (Awsw dI vwr) ArQwq jo aunHW (vydW) ƒ pVdy-guxdy hn, iqnHW lokW ƒ krmw dI ivcwr pRwpq huMdI hY, ik Amkw krm SuB hY qy Amkw ASuB[ Meaning: Those who reads and contemplates of scriptures possess the knowledge of good and evil deeds. ijs ‘iqin’ dy ArQ ‘qRY’ hn, auhdy nMny nwl sdw ishwrI huMdI hY: Whenever, the word ‘iqin’ appears to denote number three (3), the consonant ‘n’ comes with sihari as well. “iqin cyly prvwxu]” (jpu jI) “Qwl ivic iqMin vsqU peIE]” (muMdwvxI m:5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  69  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

Awip

-

“ijn kau Awip dyie vifAweI, jgqu BI Awpy Awix iqn@ kau pYrI pwie]” (m: 4 vwr gauVI) “Awip lIey liV lwie]”

(Awsw PrId)

ienHW imswlW ivc ‘Awip’ krqw hY[ ijQy ieh krqw nhI huMdw, auQy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI[ Whenever the word ‘Awip’ appears as Creator (Almighty) the consonant ‘p’ comes with sihari. “Awip jphu Avrw nwmu jpwvhu]” (suKmnI) auprlI pMgqI ivc ‘Awip’ Sbd ijv ƒ drsauNdw hY, ishwrI jo ‘p’ AKr nwl lgI hY ijv eISvr dy ABydqw drsauNdI hY[ The word ‘Awip’ in the above Shabad means the being although the consonant ‘p’ comes with sihari (which was read earlier to be Almighty). This sihari is denoting the ultimate fact that being and creator is the same therefore the use of sihari delivers the message precisely. “gur ikrpw qy jwixAw ijQY quDu Awpu buJwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) ArQwq, mnu`K ƒ ijs hwlq jW pdvI ivc qYny Awpxw Awp disAw hY, ausy hwlq ivc aus ny gurU dI ikrpw nwl qYƒ jwx ilAw hY[ “sB pvY pYrI siqgurU kyrI ijQY gurU Awp riKAw]” (rwmklI s`d) swry pYrI pey siqgurU (rwmdws jI) dy, ijnHW ivc gurU (Amrdws jI) ny Awpxw Awp r`iKAw[ “siqguir imilAY scu pwieAw, ijnI ivchu Awpu gvwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  70  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

mn`uK ny aus siqgurU dy imlx qoN s`c pwieAw, ijs ny auhdy ivcoN haumY k`FI[ “nwnk vfw AwKIAY, Awpy jwxY Awpu]” (jpu jI) nwnk, auh Awpxy Awp ƒ Awpy jwxdw hY, swƒ qW cwhIdw hY ik v`fw hI AwKIey[ “jb Awpn Awpu Awip auir DwrY]” (suKmnI) ies quk ivc ‘Awip’ krqw hY qy ‘Awpu’ krm hY[ The word ‘Awip’ means Creator (Almighty) and ‘Awpu’ means Himself therefore the meaning of the line is ‘When He (Awip) Himself (Awpu) dwells within His Own (Awpn) heart’. “AwpIn@Y Awpu swijE, AwpIn@Y ricE nwau]” (Awsw dI vwr) ies quk dy Am qOr ArQ TIk nhI kIqy jWdy[ lok ieh ArQ krdy hn ik vwihgurU ny isRstI Awpxy Awp rcI Aqy Awpy hI jIvW dy nwauN rcy[ ies qoN auprMq hor ikhVI cIj bxwn gocry rih geI sI, ijhdy leI, The above Asa Dhi Vaar Shabad is usually misinterpreted as ‘Almighty created the entire world Himself and He Himself created the names for being’. “duXI kudriq swjIAY” kihxw ipAw? ieh ArQ TIk nhI[ ieQy ‘Awpu’ krm hY, ijs dy ArQ hn ‘Awpxy Awp ƒ’[ BweI gurdws jI BI kihMdy hn: The word .. refers to a deed which means ‘He to Himself’. Bhai Gurdas Ji writes as follows; ‘Awpy Awpu aupwie kY Awpy Awpxw nwau DrwieAw[ (vwr 187) vwihgurU ƒ dohW rUpW ivc kQn kIqw igAw hY, iek qW Awpxy sMbMD Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  71  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ivc Awp, ijs ƒ inrgux BI ikhw igAw hY, Aqy dUjw isRstI dy sMbMD ivc, ijs ƒ srgux jW ‘nwm rUp’ krky s`idAw igAw hY[ jd isRstI nhI sI bxI qW vwihgurU inrgux rUp ivc sI, Aqy jd aus ny rcnw kr ky Awpxw pRkwS kIqw qW srgux rUp ho ky vrqx l`gw[ ienHW dohW rUpW dw ivsQwr suKmnI swihb dI iekIhvIN AstpdI ivc Ku`ly qOr qy kIqw hoieAw hY[ bwvn A`KrI dI pihlI pauVI ivc BI hY[gurU jI auprlI quk ivc dsdy hn ik vwihgurU inrgux Aqy srgux dohW rUpW Awpxy Awp qoN hY[ iksy hor ny nhI bxwieAw[ ieho Bwv keI hor vwrW dy ArMB ivc id`qw hoieAw hY[XQw: Meaning: Almighty is described in His two forms; one which is formless (Nirgun) and the second one is related to creation which is in form (Sargun). When the creation was created, Almighty was in His formless form and during the manifestation of the creation He Himself created and immerse into the entire creation which is elobrated in detail in Pauri 21 of Sri Sukhmani Sahib and the first pauri of Bavan Akhri. Therefore, “AwpIn@Y Awpu swijE, AwpIn@Y ricE nwau]” means that Almighty He Himself who prevail in both forms (Nirgun & Sargun) no other has created Him. The similar concept is repeated in the following lines in Gurbani; “Awpxw Awpu aupwieaunu, qdhu horu n koeI ] mqw msUriq Awip kry, jo kry su hoeI] qdhu Awkwsu n pqwlu hY nw qRY loeI] qdhu Awpy Awip inrMkwru hY nw Epiq hoeI]” (gUjrI kI vwr m: 3) ieQy BI im: mYkwilP Aqy keI hornW ny “Awpxw Awpu aupwieEnu” dy ArQ Bulky ieh kIqy hn ik vwihgurU ny Awpxy Awp rcnw rcI[ pr ieh nhI vyiKAw kI qlvIAW qukW ivc iehdy ault d`isAw hY ik aus vyly nw AkwS sI, nw pqwl sI[ blik auqpqI hI nhI sI[iPr pqw nhI ‘Awpxw Awp’ dy ArQ ‘Awpxy Awip’ iks qrW kr idMdy Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  72  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

hn! ieQy ArQ swP hY ik vwihgurU ny Awpxy Awp ƒ pYdw kIqw[

Kuid

-

19.0

“Kuid Ksm Klk jhwn Alh imhrvwn Kudwie]” (iqlMg m: 5)

ishwrI ƒ dIrG mwqR vwsqy

(Sihari for Greater Matr)

keI vyr jd kivqw dI loV Anuswr LMmI Awvwz ƒ CotI krnw pYNdw hY qW ishwrI hornW lgW mwqRW dI QW BI vrqI jWdI hY[ Sometimes sihari is used in replacement of great matr (bihari, laav, etc.) to match the count of matras in accordance to peotry rules. ibhwrI dI QW:

- cwlis=cwlsI, auqris=auqrsI, qUtis=qutsI, pkris=pkVsI, hovig=hovygI, vjig=v`jygI, Awvig=AwvygI, bwix=bwxI, siB=sBI, hsiq=hsqI, lyKix=lyKxI, mydin=mydnI, bil=blI,iB=BI, jnin=jnnI,romwvil=romwvlI, mix=mxI,dubil=dublI[

cyir=cyrI:

- “Aink mwieAw hY qw kI cyir]”

(rwmklI m: 5)

pMiK=pMKI:

- “jYsy qrvr pMiK bsyrw]”

(soriT rivdws)

drbwir=drbwrI:

- “mytI jwiq, hUey drbwir]” (goNf rivdws)

suAwim=suAwmI:

- “mwq ipqw suAwim sjxu sBu jgqu bwl gupwlw]” (vfhMsu m: 5)

godwvir=godwvrI

- “gMgw jau godwvir jweIAY]” (rwmklI nwmdyv)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  73  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

bwvil=bwvlI

- “bwvil hoeI so shu lorau]”

(sUhI PrId)

dwis=dwsIN=dwsW ny - “hir suK inDwn nwnk dwis pwieAw]” (DnwsrI m: 5) suir, muin = surI, munI

- “AwKih suir nr muin jn syv]” (jpu jI) ArQwq, suir nr Aqy munI jn[ ieQy ‘suir’ Aqy ‘muin’ ivSySx hn nr Aqy jn dy[ “suixAY isD pIr suir nwQ]” ‘suir’ dw ArQ dyvqw hY[

(jpu jI)

lW dI QW:

- “nyir=nyVy: “koit ibGn nhI Awvih nyir]”(rwmklI m: 5)

cwir=cwry:

- “pMifq mYlu n cukeI jy vyd pVih jug cwir]” (m: 3, vwr soriT) “ieh mwieAw kI soBw cwir idhwVy jwdI iblmu n hoie]” (Awsw m: 3) “ccY cwry vyd ijin swjy cwry KwxI cwr jugw]” (Awsw m: 1) ijQy ‘cwr’ au~qy jor nhI huMdw , auQy lW jW ishwrI nhI AwauNdI: “cwr pdwrQ jy ko mwgY]” (suKmnI)

qil=qly:

- “fuib muey bg bpuVy isru qil aupir pwau]” (m: 3, vwr vfhMs)

ikMin=ikMny:

- “ijmI puCY Asmwn PrIdw Kyvt ikMin gey]” (Awsw)

Coty XXy dI QW:

- swsqRig=swsqRgÎ, DMin=DMnÎ, siq=sqÎ[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  74  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

20.0

ibhwrI

20.1

(Bihari)

bhubcn (Plural)

ibhwrI bhuvcn nwvW dy AMq ivc sMbMDkI ArQ idMdI hY[ The Bihari on the last consonant is usually used for plural words as preposition. isKI=is`KW ny

- “isKI isiKAw gur vIcwir]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

puqRI=puqRW ny

- “puqRI kaulu n pwilE]”

(vwr s`qw)

AKI=A`KW ƒ

- “AKI sUqku vyKxw pr iqRA pr Dn rUp]”

kMnI=kMnW ƒ

- “kMnI sUqku kMin pY lwieqbwrI Kwih]”(Awsw dI vwr)

aupwvI=aupwvW nwl - “Aink aupwvI rogu n jwie]” (suKmnI) nyqRI=nyqRW nwl

- “ien@I nyqRI jgqu inhwilAw]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

AKrI=AK`rW nwl

- “AKrI ilKxu bolxu bwix]”

(jpu jI)

QxI=QxW krky

- “ssuiV suhIAw ikv krI invxu n jwie QxI]” (mhlw 1, slok vwrW qy vDIk)

AvqwrI=AvqwrW ivc

- “iksnu sdw AvqwrI rUDw…]” (vfhMsu m: 3)

20.2

ikirAw vwck (Deed)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  75  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

aus ikirAw dy AMq ivc ijs dy ArQ hox, mYN krW jW krdw hW, AwidkBihari is also used in verbs. socI=mYN socW

- “jy socI lK vwr]”

krI=mYN krW

- “kMcn ky kot dqu krI]”

TgI=mYN T`gdw hW

- “hau TgvwVw TgI dysu]” (sRI rwg m: 1) fw. tRMp ny ies quk dy ArQ kIqy hn ik mY T`gW dy dyS ivc iek T`g hW[mYkwilP ny BI ies ArQ ƒ prvwn kIqw hY[

qolI=mYN qolW

- “Gt hI BIqir so shu qolI…]”

20.3

(jpu jI) (sRI rwgu m: 1)

(sUhI m: 1)

ishwrI dI QW (In Replacement of Sihari)

kdI kdI aus ishwrI dy ArQ idMdI hY:Sometimes bihari reflect the meaning of sihari; lhnI=lhin lYNdy

- “nwnk krmW bwhry dir FoA n lhnI Dwvdy]” (Awsw dI vwr)

jwxnI=jwxin,jwxdy - “mUrK scu n jwxnI]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

cyqnI=cyqin,cyqdy

- “nwnk nwmu n cyqnI AigAwnI AMDuly Avry krm kmwih]” (m: 3, vwr soriT)

clnI=clin,cldy

- “swhy ilKy n clnI ijMdU kMU smJwie]”(slok PrId)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  76  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

(A)sMbMDkI ArQW ivc:-ndrI=ndr nwl ivjogI=ivjog nwl

- “ndrI moK duAwru]”

bybwxI=bybwx ivc mswxI=mswx ivc

- “rhY bybwxI mVI mswxI]” (Awsw dI vwr) gur prswdI=gurU dy prswid nwl: “khY nwnku gur prswdI shju aUpjY…]” (AnMdu)

21.0

(jpu jI)

- “ivjogI imil ivCuVy, nwnk BI sMjog]” (mwrU m: 1)

AONkV

(Aungkar)

AONkV iek-vcn (Singular) hox dI inSwnI hY[ puiMlMg nWv jd iek-vcn hovy qW aus dy AMqly A`Kr qly AONkV huMdw hY[ies nWv dw jo ivSySx hovy, aus dy AMq ivc BI AONkV huMdw hY ijvyN:Aungkar is used to define a singular word. When plural noun is a singular then the last consonant comes with an aungkar.the adjective of this noun also comes with an aungkar on the last consonant. iehu srIru: “iehu srIru kir fMfI ]” (rwmklI m: 3) kml inrwlmu: “jYsy jl mih kmlu inrwlmu ]” (isD gosit) Amulu Drmu: “Amulu Drmu Amulu dIbwxu ]” (jpu) 22.0

BUq kwl ikirAw

(Past Tense)

swDwrx BUq kwl ikirAw (Past Tense) ijhdy AMq ivc nMnW hovy Aqy ijhdw krqw iek-vcn AnÎ purK hovy auhdy nMny qly AONkV jrUr huMdw hY[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  77  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

A normal past tense which appears with ‘n’ and the composer is singular third person, the last consonant ‘n’ comes with an aungkar. bKisAin, auqwirAnu=aus ny bKSy,aus ny auqwry: “kaux kaux AprwDI bKisAnu, ipAwry swcY sbid ivcwir] Baujlu pwir auqwirAnu, BweI, siqgur byVY cwiV]” (soriT mhlw 3) riKAnu=aus ny r`Ky

- “jo Duir riKAnu myil imlwie]” (DnwsrI m: 3)

irVikEnu=aus ny irVikAw

- “mwDwxw prbqu kir, nyiqR bwsku, sbid irVikEnu]” (vwr s`qw blvMf)

lieAnu, lwwieEnu

- “ieik AwpxY BwxY kiF lieAnu Awpy lieEnu imlwie]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

inkwilAnu=aus ny inkwly

- “caudh rqn inkwilAnu kIqonu cwnwxu]” (vwr s`qw blvMf) “Koty Kry siB prKIAin iqqu scy kY drbwrw rwm] Koty drgh sutIAin aUBy krin pukwrw rwm]” (vfhMs m: 3) ieQy ‘prKIAin’ dy ArQ ‘prKy jWdy hn’ hY[ jy ies dy ArQ ‘aus ny prKy’ huMdy, qW ieh Sbd ‘priKAnu’ huMdw, ArQwq, iehdy K`Ky nwl ishwrI Aqy nMny nwl AONkV huMdw[

23.0

AnumqXwrQ lkwr

(Imperative Mood)

keI vyr pRq`K AnumqXwrQ lkwr (Imperative Mood) vwly ikirAw Sbd dy AMq ivc AONkV AwauNdw hY[ ijvyN:Sometimes the obvious imperative mood verbs ends with an aungkar on the last consonant, as follows; Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  78  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

dyhu

-

“Awvhu imlhu shylIE mY ipru dyhu imlwie]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

clu

-

“muMDy qU clu gur kY Bwie]”

(isrI rwgu m: 3)

pru

-

“iqs kI srnI pru mnw]”

(isrI rwgu m: 5)

mUilk AOkV

24.0

(Original Auangkar)

keI Aijhy Sbd hn ijnHW dy AMq ivc AONkV mUilk AMg hox krky Awaudw hY[ There some words which ends with an aungkar as the original syllable reflecting the word. ikqu, sBqu, ibnu, bhuqu, iekqu, ibMdu, Awidk[ keI iesqRI ilMg nWv hn, ijnHW dy AMq mUilk AONkV huMdw hY jo iksy hwlq ivc lihMdw hI nhI ijvyN:There are also some faminine noun words which comes along with the original aungkar, as follows; Dwqu

-

“Dwqu imlY Puin Dwqu kau…]”

ibKu

-

“ibKu kI kwr kmwvxI ibKu hI mwih smwih]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

rqu

-

“ivic rwKY rsnw mws rqu kyrI]” (gauVI m: 4) iesy qrW mlu, msu, vsqu, vQu, ryxu, Dynu, klqu Awidk iesqRI-ilMg nWv AONkV nwl AwauNdy hn[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  79  

(isrI rwgu m: 1)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

25.0

‘h’ ƒ AOkV

25.1

(Aungkar on ‘h’)

nWv (Noun) Sbd 1. 2. 3.

iek` l w ‘h’ rwhu isAwhu swhu

dU h rw ‘h’ rwhhu isAwhhu swhhu

iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV krqw (creator) kwrk (case) Aqy krm (subject) kwrk dw iek-vcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskqw (nasal sound) qoN bgYr hY, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ Apwdwn kwrk (Ablative*) dw iekvcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY[ [*(Ablative :denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives indicating the agent in passive sentences or the instrument, manner, or place of the action described by the verb) 25.2

ikirAw (Verb) Sbd

1. 2. 3. 4.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

iek` l w ‘h’ khu bhu rhu shu

Page  80  

dU h rw ‘h’ khhu bhhu rhhu shhu

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV hY ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl (future tense), m`Dm purK, iek-vcn dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl, m`Dm purK, bhu-vcn (plural) dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn [

dUlYNkV

26.0

26.1

(Dulangkar)

nWv qy sMbMDkI Sbd (Noun & Preposition)

iksy nWv nwl jd aus dy ip`Cy sMbMDkI pd vriqAw jwxw hovy, hux q`k poTohwr ivc kihMdy hn, KMfU ny iKfwvxy, ryqU ny P`ky, mwaU kI AwK[ When a noun is followed by preposition then dulangkar end the word. vsqU

-

“vsqU AMdir vsqu smwvY]”

ijMdU

-

“swhy ilKy n clnI ijMdU kUM smJwie]” (slok PrId)

KwkU

-

“PrIdw Kwku n inMdIAY KwkU jyfu n koie]” (slok PrId) “Ehu iKn mih rulqw KwkU nwil]” (goNf m: 5)

ssU

-

“ssU qy ipir kInI vwiK]”

(Awsw m: 5)

pIXU

-

“pIXU dwdy jyivhw poqw prvwxu]”

(vwr s`qw)

26.2

(Awsw dI vwr)

sMbMDkI Sbd (Preposition Word)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  81  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

sMbMDkI ArQW ivc:The use of dilangkar as preposition; KyhU=Kyih=Kyh ivc: “KyhU Kyh rlweIAY]” (isrIrwgu m: 1)

hoVy dI QW (In replacement to Hora)

26.3

keI vyr dulYNkVy hoVy dI QW vrqy gey hn[:Sometimes dulangkay is used in replacement of Hora AslU-AsloN, ijdU=ijdoN: “ijdU ikCu guJw n hoie]”(vwr gauVI m: 4) iqdU kU=ko

-

27.0

“mws n iqdU Kwih]” (slok PrId) “PrIdw mY jwinAw duKu muJ kU…]” (slok PrId)

lW

(Laa’n)

ishwrI dI QW keI vyr lW vrqI geI hY:- ishwrI dI QW keI vyr lW vrqI geI hY:Sometimes Laa’n is used to replace sihari and vice-versa; pVy=piV

- “kibq pVy piV kibqw mUey]”

muhy=muih

- “muhy muih cotw Kwie]”

kUVy=kUiV=kUV ivc

- “AsMK kUiVAwr kUVy iPrwih]”

dry=dir

- “hir dry hir dir sohin qyry Bgq ipAwry rwm]”(Awsw m: 5)

sMswry=sMswir

- “sMqoKu BieAw sMswry]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  82  

(soriT kbIr) (isrI rwgu m: 1) (jpu jI)

(soriT m: 5)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

sMgy=sMig

- “pyKq sunq sdw hY sMgy, mY mUrK jwinAw dUrI ry]”(soriT m: 5)

swQy=swiQ

- “nwnk pRBu myrY swQy]”

Dury=Duir

- “soeI vrqY jig ij kIAw quDu Dury]” (m: 5 vwr gUjrI)

aupry=aupir

- “muKu qlY pYru aupry vsMdo kuhQVY Qwie]” (vwr jYqsrI m: 5)

(soriT m: 5)

bRhmMfy,ipMfy=bRhmMf, - “jo bRhmMfy soeI ipMfy, jo KojY so pwvY]” (DnwsrI pIpw) ipMf kuMBy=kuMiB: - “kuMBy bDw jlu rhY]” (Awsw dI vwr) AMqy=AMiq:

- “AMqy siqguru boilAw mY ipCY kIrqnu kirAhu inrbwxu jIau]” (sdu suMdr)

28.0

dulweIAW

28.1

(Dulaava)

sQwnvwck (Defining Place)

keI vyr ieh lg sQwnvwck sMbMDkI ArQW ivc vrqI jWdI hY[ ieh nrol pMjwbI muhwvrw hY Aqy poTohwr ivc hux q`k vriqAw jWdw hY[ ijvyN, auh koTy ciVHAw hY, jW FokY igAw hY[ Sometimes this syllable is used as preposition for a place. dUjY=dUjy nwl jW ƒ

- “sBo sUqku Brmu hY dUjY lgY jwie]” (Awsw dI vwr)

irdY=irdy ivc

- “scu qw pru jwxIAY jw irdY scw hoie]” (Awsw dI vwr)

mMdY=mMd ivc

- En@I mMdY pYru n riKE…]” (Awsw dI vwr)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  83  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

rYnVIAY=rYn ivc

- “iBMnI rYnVIAY cmkin qwry]” (Awsw m: 5)

jMgIAY=jMGW nwl

- “PrIdw ienI inkI jMgIAY Ql fUMgr BivEim@]” (slok)

khxY=khx nwl

- “khxY kQin n BIjY goibMdu]”

(soriT m: 5)

sUAY=sUey au~qy

- “sUAY cwiV BvweIAih jMq]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

nwrwiexY=nwrwiex pwis

- “rMg sBy nwrwiexY jyqy min BwvMin]” (bwrh mwhw mwJ m: 5) iesy qrHW caukY, mQY, pyVY, sMjY, lyKY, qRyqY, ipCY, AgY, qlY, GoVVY, gMTVIAY, suKY, rwmdwsY, Awidk[

28.2

nWv (Noun)

iksy nWv dy AMq ivc, ijhdy nwl sMbMDkI Sbd vriqAw jwxw hovy:At the end of noun where preposition word is used; GrY

- “GrY AMdir sBu vQu hY]”

(Awsw m: 3)

nwvY

- “sB nwvY no locdI]” “haumY nwvY nwil ivroDu hY]”

(Awsw m: 3) (vfhMsu m: 3)

28.3

ivSySx (Adjective)

jd iksy nWv nwl au~qy d`sy guxW vwlI ishwrI (jW dulweIAW) l`gI hovy qW aus dy ivSySx dy AMq ivc lW dI QW dulWeIAW AwvxgIAW[ When a noun is appears with an Sihari (or Dulavaa) as mentioned above, the following adjective will end with dulavaa instead of Laa’n. Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  84  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

AMDY

- “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

pUrY

- “guir pUrY imhrvwin Brmu Bau mwirAw]” (m: 4, vwr iblwvl) “siqguir pUrY syivAY dUKw kw hoie nwsu]” (vwr gauVI m: 5)

BIVY

- “rwih BIVY AgY jwvxw]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

BIhwvlY

- “bin BIhwvlY ihku swQI lDmu duK hrqw hir nwmw]” (m: 5,vwr gUjrI)

sbwieAY

- “PrIdw mY jwinAw duKu muJ kU duKu sbwieAY jig]” (slok PrId)

myrY

- “Blky auiT prwhuxw myrY Gir Awvau]” (m: 5,vwr gauVI)

qyrY

- “Bgq qyrY min Bwvdy…]” (Awsw dI vwr) Bgq lok qyry mn ƒ BWvdy hn[iehdw ieh Arq nhI ik qyry Bgq mn ƒ BwauNdy hn[ “qyrY BrosY, ipAwry, mY lwf lfwieAw]” (isrI rwgu m: 5)

prwieAY

- “PrIdw bwir prwieAY bYsxw sweI muJY n dyih]”(slok PrId)

kcY

- “PrIdw kcY BWfY rKIAY ikcru qweI nIru]” (slok PrId)

pihlY

- “pihlY pihrY PulVw…]”

28.4

ikirAw

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

(Verb)

Page  85  

(slok PrId)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ikirAw dy AMq ivc kwrixk ArQW nwl[ijvyN: The end of a verb defines the action, as follows; suixAY=suxn krky: - KwDY=Kwx qoN[ ies dw izkr ishwrI dy nym 14 hyTW Aw cu`kw hY[

29.0

knOVw

(Kenora)

knOVw keI QWeI sQwn-vwck SMbMDkI dy qOr qy vriqAw igAw hY[ArQ kridAW iehdy nwl ibMdI lw leIdI hY[XQw:In some places the word which describes a location the kenora is used as the preposition AwpON=Awp QoN

muhO=mUMh qoN

- “nwnk jy ko AwpO jwxY AgY gieAw n sohY]” (jpu jI) hy nwnk! jy koeI mnu`K koeI kwrj Awpxy qoN hoieAw jwxy, qW auh AglI drgwh jw ky cMgw nhIN l`gygw[ - “muhO ik bolxu bolIAY ijqu suix Dry ipAwru]” (jpu jI) iesy qrHW “ iek dU jIBO lK hoih…]” (jpu jI) dw hwl hY[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  86  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 5 Content 30.0

ishwrI

(Sihari)

30.1

mUilk ishwrI (Original Sihari)

30.2

iesqRI ilMg vwck ishwrI (Feminine Sihari)

30.3

iesqRI ilMg nWv (Feminine Noun Sihari)

30.4 ArbI BwSw dy nWv (Arabic Language Feminine Noun Sihari) 31.0

sMiKAwvwck

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

(Count)

Page  87  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

1.0

ishwrI

(Sihari)

1.1 mUilk ishwrI (Original Sihari) mUilk ishwrI, ArQwq jy koeI Sbd iksy hor bolI ivcoN AwauNidAW Apxy nwl AMqlI ishwrI ilAwieAw hovy qW auh ishwrI kwiem rhygI[ kuJ Sbd ies pRkwr hY[ The original sihari is the syllable which is brought along by the words originating from its mother language and these syllable remains with the word. Some of the words are as follows; hir, nwir, rwis (=rws mMfl),jugiq, Duin, BUim, Driq, pRIiq, idRsit, Awid, isimRiq, nwiB, mydin, Skiq, rYix, rwiq, ruiq, isRsit, jW isriT, kIriq, riv, Agin,jW Awig, jW Aig, smwiD, mriq, jiq, joiq, rIiq, Aiq, ibRiq, privriq, inrivriq, iQiq, SWiq, AwiQ, srix, iniD, iriD, ibiD, join, ibBUiq, suriq, DUir,jW DUiV, jW DUil, muin, iqRpiq, AwiD, ibAwiD, aupwiD, icMqwmix, sÍsiq jW suAsiq Awidk[ Bgiq = BgqI

-

pr ijQy BgqI krn vwly qoN Bwv hovy auQy ‘Bgqu’ (iek-vcn) jW ‘Bgq’ (bhu-vcn) Awvygw : “qyrI Bgiq qyrI Bgiq BMfwr jI Bry ibAMq byAMqw]” qyry Bgq qyry Bgq slwhin quDu jI hir Aink Anyk AnMqw]” (Awsw m: 4)

mukiq= mukqI

-

“mukiq Bugiq jugiq qyrI syvw]” (sUhI m: 5) pr ijQy Bwv mukqI pRwpq krn vwly qoN hovy, auQy ‘mukqu’ jW ‘mukq’ Awvygw[ “ieh jIau sdw mukqu hY]” (m: 3 vwr gUjrI)

giq=

-

“nwmo giq nwmo piq jn kI]” (DnwsrI m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  88  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gqI, mukqI

gMiF=gMiT jW gMTI

pr ijQy ies Sbd dy ArQ ‘cilAw, igAw, hoieAw, hox auQy iehdI Skl ‘gqu’ jW ‘gq’ hovygI: “AipE pIE gqu QIE Brmw…]” (jYqsrI m: 5) ArQwq, Brm clMqU hoey[ “dUK rog Bey gqu…]’ (Awsw m: 5) du`K rog clxy vwly bxy[ -

“jy jwxw lVu iCjxw pIfI pweI gMiF]” (PrId) pr ijQy ieh Sbd bdl ky ‘joV’ dy ArQ rKdw Aqy puilMg huMdw hY, auQy ‘gMFu’ krky iliKAw jWdw hY:“kYhW kMcnu qutY swru] AgnI gMFu pwey lohwru]” (m: 1, vwr mwJ) “swcy nwil qyrw gMFu lwgY]” (Awsw m: 3)

buiD,isiD= bu`DI,isDI

“iriD buiD isiD igAwnu sdw suKu hoie ]” (m: 1 vwr mlwr ) pr ijQy bu`DI ƒ, isDI ƒ pRwpq hoey-hoey mnu`KW qoN Bwv hovy , aQy Sbd buDu, isDu (iek-vcn) jW buD isD (bhuvcn) Awauxgy: “BY ivic isD buD sur nwQ]” (Awsw dI vwr)

miq=buiD:

“miq QoVI syv gvweIAY]’’ (Awsw dI vwr) hoCI buDI krky kIqI krqI syvw gvw leIdI hY[ ieQy ‘miq’ dy ArQ ‘AYsw nw hovy ik’ nhI kIqy jw skdy ikaNuik ik ‘m`q’ dw q`qw aus hwlq ivc KwlI huMdw hY[ jW auhdy nwl AONkV huMdw hY[ ishwrI nhI huMdI[ jd ‘mqu’ dy ArQ ‘m`qw hoieAw’ jW ‘msq’ huMdy hn, qW BI q`qy nwl ishwrI nhI huMdI, AOkV huMdw hY[XQw“mnu mY mqu mYgl imkdwrw]” (DnwsrI m: 3) mn Srwb dw m`qw hoieAw hwQI vrgw hY[ iesy vjn qy Sbd ‘krmrq bixAw hY[ ijs dy ArQ hn ‘krmw dw rqw: XQwkoeI hoAw kRm-rqu koeI qIrQ nwieAw]” (DnwsrI m: 5)

-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  89  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

piq=pqI jW iez`q

-

“jh inrml purKu purKu-piq hoqw]” (suKmnI) “eyqu rwih piq pvVIAw ]” (jpu jI) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘piq’ qo Bwv pqI jW Brqw hY[ “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]” (Awsw dI vwr) ieQy ‘piq’ dy ArQ mwx jW ie`jq hn[ iesy qrHW ‘ibpiq’ nwl ishwrI AwvygI[ jd ‘pq’ dy ArQ ‘pqr’ hox qW q`qw mukqw jW auhdy nwl AONkV hovygw[ “Pl iPky Pul bkbky kMim n Awvih pq]” (Awsw dI vwr) ‘pqu’ jogIAW dI sMpRdw dw BI Sbd hY[ “squ sMqoKu pqu kir JolI jogI AMimRq nwmu Bugiq pweI]” (rwmklI m: 3) “pqu JolI mMgx kY qweI BIiKAw nwmu pVy]” (rwmklI m: 1)

imiq=hd (Extent)

-

“krqy kI imiq krqw jwxY kY jwxY guru sUrw]” (dKxI EAMkwru) ijQy ‘imqu’ im`qr dI QW Awvy , auQy q`qy nwl ishwrI nhIN huMdI : “imtI peI AqolvI koie n hosI imqu]” (slok PrId) “imqu pYJY imqu ibgsY…]” (rwmklI s`d)

siq=scw:

-

ieh ivSySx (adjective) hY qy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY: “crn siq, siq prsnhwr] pUjw siq, siq syvdwr] “Awip siq, siq sB DwrI]” (suKmnI) pr ijQy ‘squ’ nWv (noun) huMdw hY auQy iehdw q`qw mukqw jW AONkV vwlw huMdw hY[Aqy ArQ huMdy hn: ‘scu’ jW ‘siqAw’ ‘dwn pun’ jW iksy Kws SRyxI dw Kws Drm’ ijvyN, iesqRI jwqI dw Kws gux cwl-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  90  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

clx dI piv`qRqw hY[XQw: “suixAY squ, sMqoKu, igAwnu]” (jpu jI) ieQy ‘squ’ dy ArQ hn, scweI dw Bwv[ “piq ivxu pUjw, sq ivxu sMjm, jq ivxu kwhy jnyaU]” (rwmklI m: 1) ieQy ‘sq’ dy ArQ ‘dwn’ hn[ ibnw dwn dy sMjm nwl rihxw kMjUsI hovygI[ “squ sIgwr, Bau AMjnu pwieAw] AMimRq nwmu qMbol muiK KwieAw]” (sUhI m:5) ieQy iesqRI rUp ho ky gurU swihb vwihgurU-kMq ƒ rIJwx leI Awpxy isMgwr dw vyrvw dsdy hn[“squ” qoN Bwv iesqRI dw jq hY[ “ibnu sq sqI hoie kYsy nwir]” (gauVI kbIr) kil=klI, kilXug, icMqw jW Blky

“nw-mrjwdu AwieAw kil BIqir nWgo bMiD clwieAw]” (vfhMsu m: 1) “gurmiK nwmu jpY auDrY so kil mih Git Git nwnk mwJw]” (sUhI m: 5) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘kil’ qoN Bwv kiljug hY[ “kil klys imtMq ismrix kwit jmdUq Pws]” (gUjrI m: 5) ieQy ‘kil’ qoN Bwv icMqw jW mn dw du`K hY[ jd ‘kl’ dy ArQ klw, SkqI, hunr jW skIm huMdy hn qW iehdy AMq ishwrI nhI huMdI: “Awpy hI krxw kIE kl Awpy hI qY DwrIAY]” (Awsw dI vwr) “jwiq mih joiq, joiq mih jwqw, Akl klw BrpUir rihAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) ieQy ‘Akl’ dy ArQ ‘klpdw qoN rihq’ nhI ho skdy, ikauNik l~ly nwl ishwrI nhI[ ieQy ‘Akl klw’ dy ArQ hn : AYsy hunr nwl jo (bxwautI) hunr qoN rihq hovy, Bwv bhuq hI au~cy Aqy AcMBw kr dyx vwly koml hunr nwl[ sB qoN cMgw hunr auh huMdw hY ijs ivc

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  91  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

hunr dI hoNd nw idsy[ icqrkwr Awpxy hunr ivc pUrn sPlqw qd hI pRwpq krdw hY jd vyKx vwly dIAW A`KW dy swmHixEN icqr dw kwgz Aqy rMgwkwrI ElHy ho jwvy qy inrI mUrq hI mUrq idsy[ jy mUrq dIAW A`KW Aqy bulHW v`l vyKidAW kwgz dI qKqI Aqy rMg dIAW JrItW vyKx vwly dI rucI ƒ iK`cdIAW hn, qW auhdw hunr pUrw nhI[ rwjw duSXMq skuMqlw dI qsvIr vyKidAW-vyKidAW ienw mgn ho jWdw hY ik auhdIAw AwpxIAw A`KW coN hMJU ikr ky mUrq dIAW A`KW auqy jw pYNdw hY, pr auhƒ ieho prqIq huMdw hY auh hMJU icqrkwr ny skuMqlw dIAW A`KW ivc bxwieAw hY[ jy duSXMq dw kwgz Aqy rMgW v`l iDAwn jWdw qW auhdy auqy ieh Asr nw huMdw[ sWg rcx vwilAW Aqy gwaux vwilAW dw BI ieho Xqn huMdw hY ik jo vsIly qy FMg hunr ƒ kwmXwb bxwn ivc vrqy jWdy hn, auh lokW dIAW A`KW Aqy kMnW qoN lop rihx[ iesy leI lwqInI ivc iek AKwvq hY ik “hunr dy Cupwx dw nW hunr hY”[r`b dw hunr auhdI kudrq hY[ gurU swihb dw Bwv ieh hY ik swrIAW SRyxIAW dIAW hsqIAW ivc vwihgurU dw nUr hY[ Aqy ausy nUr ivc swrIAW hsqIAW hn[ pr ieh nUr auhnw ivc AYsy koml hunr nwl pRvyS kr irhw hY ik mwno koeI hunr vriqAw hI nhI igAw[ mwdI cIjW ivc Awqimk-joq dw smwauxw iek v`fy AcMBy dI g`l hY[ gulwb dy bUty ivc auhdw bIj, im`tI, pwxI, hvw Awidk mwdI cIjW rl ky kMm kr rhIAW hn[pr ienHW qoN A`f iek hor koml qoN koml cIz BI kMm kr rhI hY auh hY vwihgurU dI joq[jo aus dI mwdI hsqI ivc Ajyhy brIk Aqy AidRS qrIky nwl vrqdI hY ik v`fy qoN v`fw swieMsdwn BI hYrwn rih jWdw hY[ iesy qrW swfy srIr, swfy mn, swfI Awqmw, swfy rUp, swfy rMg ivc vwihgurU dI joq Alop ho ky vrq rhI hY Aqy swfw BI sB qoN au~cw Prz ieho d`isAw hY ik “inrMkwr mih Awkwru smwvY] Akl klw scu swic itkwvY] So nru grB join nhI AwvY]” (Awsw m: 1) ArQwq, jo mn`uK AwpxI mwdI hsqI ƒ Awkwr rihq mhW joqI srUp Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  92  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

vwihgurU ivc lIn kry Aqy pUrx jugqI nwl AwpxI AslIAq ƒ vwihgurU dI AslIAq ivc itkw dyvy, qW bs auh mukq ho igAw smJo[ siT=sTI:

-

“suixAY ATsiT kw iesnwnu]” (jpu jI) ‘siT’ dI purwxI Skl ‘sTI’ hY, ijvyN“cwlIsI puru hoie, pcwsI pgu iKsY, sTI ky boFypw AwvY]” (vwr mwJ m: 1) gurbwxI ivc ‘sT’ BI AwieAw hY, ijs dw ArQ huMdw hY mUrK (fool): “sT kToru kulhInu ibAwpq mohu kIcu]” (Awsw m: 5) iesy qrHW jd ‘koit’ dw Bwv ‘kRoV’ huMdw hY qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI huMdI hY Aqy jd iehdw ArQ ‘iklHw’ huMdw hY qW tYNkw KwlI jW AONkV nwl AwauNdw hY[jd ‘hsiq’ ‘hsqI’ dI QW hwQI dy ArQ rKdw hY, qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY Aqy jd iehdy ArQ huMdy hn, hQ, jW ‘hsdw’ qd iehdI Skl ‘hsqu’ jW ‘hsq’ huMdI hY[‘suiD’ dy ArQ ‘soJI’ hn, ‘suDu’ dy ArQ soiDAw hoieAw hn[‘mUriq’ dy ArQ ‘mUrqI’ jW Skl hn Aqy ‘mUrqu’ mhUrq dI QW AwieAw hY[ In the same manner when the word ‘koit’ means ‘ten million’ a sihari appears on the last consonant but it means ‘fort’ then ‘t’ remains empty or appears with an auangkar. When the word ‘hsiq’ or ‘hsqI’ means elephant, sihari or bihari appears on the last consonant but when the same word means ‘happen’, ‘hand’ or ‘laughing’ then the .. letter appears empty or with an auangkar. In the same manner, ‘suiD’ means ‘realisation’ and ‘suDu’ means ‘corrected’.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  93  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

In the same manner, ‘mUriq’ means ‘idol’ and ‘mUrqu’ means ‘auspicious time’.

1.2 iesqRI ilMg vwck ishwrI (Feminine Sihari) iesqRI ilMg SbdW vwsqy ishwrI dI vrqoN ikqI jWdI hY, ijvyN ik hyT il`Ky Sbd hn jo gurbwxI ivc vrqy hn[ Sihari is often use to define a feminine word, following are some of these words which appeared in Gurbani; BMfwrix, Ahrix, souhwgix, prdysin, klwlin, bYrin, mwilin, bnjwrin, bYrwgix, swhin (=SwhxI), swpin, srpin, jlin, dwmin, vrqix, pVosix, saukin, gIhin, qwjin jW qyjix (=GoVI), Gwix, kwix, Awix, pwix[ kwmix:

- “guix kwmx kwmix krY qau ipAwry kau pwvY]” (iqlMg m: 1) jo iesqRI guxw dy qvIq bxwey qW ipAwry ƒ pw skdI hY[pihly ‘kwmx’ dw xwxw mukqw hY Aqy auhdw ArQ hY qvIq jW tUxy Dwgy qy dUjy dy AMq ivc ishwrI hY Aqy ArQ iesqRI hY[ The above Gurbani line means that a woman who makes a charm of virtues obtains her beloved groom. The first ‘kwmx’ word appeared without any syllable which means ‘charm’ and the second ‘kwmix’ word appeared with a sihari which means ‘woman’.

qruix:

“jYsI qruix Bqwr aurJI, iprih isvY, iehu mnu lwl dIjY ]” (Awsw m: 5) ieQy ‘qruix’ dw ArQ iesqRI hY[ The word ‘qruix’ here means woman. Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  94  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“qrxu duhylw BieAw iKn mih Ksmu iciq n AwieE]” (Awsw m: 5) ieQy ‘qrxu’ qoN Bwv ‘qrxw’ hY[ keI Bu`l krky ‘qrxu’ dw ArQ iesqRI krdy hn, ikauNik ies quk ivc Sbd ‘Ksm’ AwieAw hY[ In the above line the word ‘qrxu’ means to swim across. Some misinterpret the word ‘qrxu’ as woman because the word ‘Ksm’ appeared in same line which means husband. ‘qrux’ dw ArQ jvwnI hY: The word ‘qrux’ also means youth age. “qrux qyju pr iqRA muK johih sru Ap sru n pCwixAw]’ (sRI rwg byxI) ienHW qoN Cu`t kuJ hor Sbd hyTW idMdy hW ijnHW dy AMq ivc ishwrI iesqRIilMg vwck hY:Other then the words mentioned above, the words written below are also the words made feminine by the sihari on the last consonant. byil jW vyil, dwil, Bwil, BIiq, krqUiq, dwiq, qpiq, Coiq, msIiq, ruiq, htqwir (=hVqwl), lbiD, ndir, Kbir, foir, vwir jW vwiV (=vwVI) CutiV, BsmiV, Ardwis, Purmwieis, swbwis, rhrwis, rwis[

1.3 iesqRI ilMg nWv (Feminine Noun Sihari) keI vyr jd ivSySxI pd iesqRI-ilMg vwly nWv krky vrqy jWdy hn, qW BI AMq ivc ishwrI AwauNdI hY[XQw:-

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  95  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

Sometimes sihari on the last consonant is used to define feminine adjective noun, as follows; bypIir kUiVAwir suMdir, sujwix, cquir cMcil

- “suin AMDlI loeI bypIir]” (goNf kbIr) - “ipr kw hukmu n jwxeI, BweI, ivx nwvY kUiVAwir]” (soriT m: 3) - “ibnu kMq ipAwry nh sUK swry hwr kM|x iDRgu bnw] suMdir sujwix cquir byqI sws ibnu jYsy qnw ]” (rwmklI m: 5)

- “cMcil sMig n cwlqI, sKIey, AMiq qij jwvq mwieAw ]” (iblwvlu m: 5)

suGir, inrguin

- “nh cquir suGir sujwin byqI moih inrguin gunu nhI ]” (iblwvlu m: 5) dyKo ieho Sbd jdoN puilMg huMdy hn, qW ishwrI ibnW AwauNdy hn:“suMdr suGr srUp isAwny pMchu hI moih ClI ry ]” (Awsw m: 5)

prDwin

- “qMU sqvMqI qMU prDwin ]”

(Awsw m: 5)

kurUuip srUip - “pihlI kurUip kujwiq kulKnI swhurY pyeIAY burI] Ab kI srUip sujwin sulKnI shjy audir DrI]” (Awsw kbIr) syvik

- “ihrdY hir hir nwm rsu kvlw syvik iqsu]” (m: 3, vwr iblwvlu) ijs dy ihrdy ivc hrI dw nwm-rs huMdw hY, l`CmI aus dI syvk huMdI hY[

1.4 ArbI BwSw dy nWv (Arabic Language Feminine Noun Sihari)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  96  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ArbI qoN Awey nWv ijnHW dy AMq ivc qy dI QW q`qw hovy Aqy iesqRI-ilMg hox, aunHW dy AMqly q`qy nwl ishwrI id`qI huMdI hY:The feminine words originated from Arabic language appears with a sihari on the last consonant ‘q’ as follows; kudriq, isPiq, ihkmiq, hujiq, imhrwmiq, srIAiq, hurmiq , gYriq, krmwiq, jW krwmwiq, slwmiq, kImiq, muskiq, muhliq, naubiq, nIAiq, hYriq, sUriq, jrUriq, iKjmiq, dauliq, imMniq, Ksliq, inAwmiq, suniq, reIAiq, msUriq, muhbiq, qrIkiq, msliq, mwhIiq, aumiq[ 2.0

sMiKAwvwck

(Count)

sMiKAwvwck Ainsicq pVnwvW jW ivSySxW (Indefinite Pronouns or Adjectives) dI bhu vwck sMiKAw dy pRgt krn leI BI ishwrI vrqI geI hY:Sihari is also used to highlight the count indefinate pronouns or adjectives ieik:

-

jdoN ‘iek’ bhuvcn nhI huMdw qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI: When ‘iek’ is singular then it appears without sihari. “AslU ieku Dwqu]” (jpu jI) pr jdoN ieh bhuvcn Ainsicq pVnWv jW ivSySx hovy qW iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI jrUr hovygI: But when the count word is indefinite pronoun or adjective then it appears with a sihari. “ieik Gir Awvih AwpxY, ieik imil imil puCih suK]” (Awsw m: 1) “ieik dwqy ieik ByKwrI jI siB qyry coj ivfwxw]” (Awsw m: 4)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  97  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ies nym ƒ m`uK r`K ky vyKo ik “iek AwpIn@Y pqlI sh kyry bolw]” (sUhI PrId) jo Awm qOr pr ArQ kIqy jWdy hn, auh ikQy q`k TIk hn[keI igAwnI ies dw ieaUN ArQ krdy hn: ieknw ny Awp pq lY leI, mwlk dy bcn mMn ky[ ies ivc keI nym BMg huMdy hn[ jy ‘iek’ dw ArQ ieknw ny huMdw qW iehdy AMqly k`ky nwl ishwrI huMdI[iPr ‘piq’ ijs dw ArQ ‘iej`q’ hY ishwrI nwl AwauNdw[ Normally the above shabad is translated, ‘some has earn their respect by obeying the Master’s instruction’. If the word ‘iek’ is intepreted as ‘some’ then there should have been a sihari on ‘k’ as the word ‘piq’ with sihari means ‘honour’. dyKo nym 1.1 jo aupr ‘lI’ ijs dw ArQ leI hY, aurdU pd hY, jo bwbw PrId jI kdI nhI vrq skdy[ies qo pqw l`gw ik quk dy ArQ TIk nhI hn[ iPr ArQ TIk ikhVy hoey? Refer to item 1.1 where the ‘lI’ is used to define the meaning of this Urdu word ‘pqlI’ which literally means skinny. Bhagat Fareed Ji would never have used this word (instead of ‘pq-lI’, ‘pq’means respect and ‘lI’means to take or to earn) purwxI vlwieq vwlI swKI ivc ies quk ƒ ivgwV ky ieau iliKAw hY: “iek Awip Dn pqlI ibAw sh ky bolw]” ies qo pqw lgdw hY ik swKI ilKx vyly ies quk dw kI ArQ smiJAw igAw[ ies dI shwieqw nwl TIk ArQ ieau jwpdy hn ik: ‘ie`k qW (iesqRI rUp) mn`uK Awp kmzor hY, auqoN mwlk dy krVy-krVy hukm cVdy hn[Bwv ieh ik ie`k qW mn`uK dI jwq hI inqwxI qy inrbl hY, auqoN ieho ijhy sKq hukm cVy hoey hn ik, Based on an old scripture (Walaiet Wali Sakhi) the same shabad is written differently (compare to Gurbani) which could have been based on the meaning which is ‘Firstly the human (form of female) is weak and the command by the Master is very tough’. “bolIAY scu Drmu JUTu n bolIAY]” (Awsw, PrId) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  98  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“nr Acyq pwp qy fru ry]” (gauVI m: 9) “pr nwrI kI syj BUil supnY hMU n jYXhu]” (dsm gRMQ) ihik:

-

“bin BIAwvlY ihku swQI lDmu]” (m: 5,vwr gUjrI) ieQy ‘ihku’ iek-vcn hY[ “ihk dMU ihik cwVy Aink ipAwry, inq krdy Bog iblwsw]” (jYqsrI m:5) ieQy ‘ihik’ bhu-vcn krky ishwrI nwl AwieAw hY[

eyik:

-

“eyik ncwvih eyik Bvwvih ieik Awie jwie hoie DUrw]” (rwmklI m:5)

hoir:

-

‘hor’ jd iek vcn huMdw hY qW iehdw rwrw mukqw jW AONkV vwlw huMdw hY[ ijvyN: When the word ‘hor’ appears as singular there is no syllable or with an aungkar on ‘r’ as follows; “DrqI horu prY horu horu]” (jpu jI) “krim imlY qw pweIAY-horu ihkmiq hukmu KuAwru]” (Awsw dI vwr) “jy jug cwry Awrjw hor dsUxI hoie]” (jpu jI) pr jdoN ieho Sbd bhu-vcn ho ky AwauNdw hY qW iehdy rwry nwl ishwrI huMdI hY[ When the word ‘hor’ appears as plural then there is a sihari on ‘r’ as follows; “eyqy kIqy hoir kryih]” (jpu jI) “hoir kyqy gwvin sy mY iciq n Awvin]” (jpu jI) “nwnk inrBau inrMkwru, hoir kyqy rwm rvwl]” (Awsw dI vwr) “hau FwFI kw nIc jwiq, hoir auqm jwiq sdwiedy]” (Awsw dI vwr)

Avir:

-

“khY pRBu Avru, Avru ikCu kIjY]” (iblwvl m: 4) ieQy ‘Avr’ iek-vcn hY[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  99  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“Avir apwv siB iqAwigAw dwrU nwmu lieAw]” (iblwvlu m: 5) “jpu qpu sBu ikCu mMinAY, Avir kwrw siB bwid]” (m: 2, vwr rwmklI m: 3) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘Avir’ bhu-vcn hox krky ishwrI nwl AwieAw hY[ When the word ‘Avir’ appeared as plural therefore there is a sihari ‘r’;

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  100  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 6 Content 32.0

inscy-vwck

33.0

BUqkwl

34.0

ishwrI ƒ dIrG mwqR vwsqy

35.0

ibhwrI

35.1 35.2 35.3

(Demonstrative)

(Past) (Sihari for Greater Matr)

(Bihari)

bhubcn (Plural) ikirAw vwck (Deed) ishwrI dI QW (In Replacement of Sihari)

36.0

AONkV

37.0

AnumqXwrQ lkwr

38.0

mUilk AOkV

(Aungkar)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

(Imperative Mood)

(Original Auangkar)

Page  101  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

1.0

eyih

Eih, Eie

inscy-vwck

(Demonstrative)

inscy-vwck pVnWv jW ivSySx (Demonstrative Pronouns or Adjectives) iehu, eyhu, Ehu, jd puilMg iek-vcn hox qW iehnW dy AMqly ‘h’ qly AONkV huMdw hY, jW jd iesqRI-ilMg hox qW AMqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI lgdI hY:When the demonstrative pronoun or adjectives (this, that, etc.) appears as singular masculine word then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with an aungkar and when it appears as feminine then the last consonant ‘h’ comes with sihari as follows; - “shsw iehu sMswru hY]” (vwr mwJ m: 1) “eyhu jgqu imtI kw puqlw]” (rwmklI m: 3) ieQy ‘iehu’ qy ‘eyhu’ iek-vcn hn[ “pRB imlxY kI eyh nIswxI]” (mwJ m: 5) ieQy ‘eyh’ iesqRI-ilMg iek-vcn hY[pr “ijin eyih ilKy iqsu isir nwih]” (jpu) ivc ‘eyih’ bhu-vcn hox krky auqly ‘h’ nwl ishwrI AweI hY[ The word ‘eyih’ appeared with sihari although it is masculine. The sihari denotes the word to be plural. -

“nwnk Ehu purKu khIAY jIvn mukiq]” (suKmnI) ieQy ‘Ehu’ iek-vcn hY[The word ‘Ehu’ is a singular. “qU Enw kw qyry Eih]” (sRI rwgu m: 1) “nw Eih mrih n Twgy jwih]” (jpu) ienHW dohW qukW ivc ‘Eih’ bhu-vcn hY[ keI vyr ‘Eih’ dI QW ‘Eie’ AwauNdw hY[ The word ‘Eih’ in both lines above is plural and sometimes ‘Eie’ is used instead of ‘Eih’. “Eie mƒK mUV AigAwnI khIAih]” (tofI m: 4)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  102  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

2.0

BUqkwl

(Past)

jd iksy vwk ivc ikirAw BUqkwl ivc hovy, qW aus dy krqw au~qy jor dyx leI krqw dy AMqly A`Kr nwl ishwrI vrqI huMdI hY[ ieho ishwrI ky qy lMmI ho ky lW bx jWdI hY[ijs dw izkr lW dy nym hyT krWgy[ Whenever there is sentence refering to the past the last consonant of the particular word is stressed by the use of a sihari. The same sihari prolongs the pronunciation of the word e.g. ‘ik’ sounds like ‘ky’ and ‘iq’ sounds like ‘ky’. “nwmw sulqwny bwiDlw]” (BYrau nwmdyv) ivc ‘sulqwny’ brwbr hY ‘sulqwin dy’ ijhdy ArQ hn ‘sulqwn ny’[ The word ‘sulqwny’ is a short for of ‘sulqwin dy’ which means ‘sulqwn ny’. “TwiF pweI krqwry]” (soriT m: 5) ivc ‘krqwry’ brwbr hY ‘krqwir’ dy ijhdy ArQ hn ‘krqwr ny’[ Ajy q`k lihMdy poTohwr aqy ausmwn-KtV vl lokI kihMdy hn: ikSny mYƒ mwirAw[eISr cMdy AwiKAw[jy zor nw dyxw cwhux qW auho lok AwKxgy: ikSn mYƒ mwirAw[ The word ‘krqwry’ is a short for of ‘krqwir dy’ which means ‘krqwr ny’. guir

-

“guir hwQu DirE myrY mwQw ]” (jYqsrI m: 4) ArQwq, myry m`Qy qy h`Q gurU ny DirAw[Meaning: The Guru has placed His hand on my forehead. “so Gru guir nwnk kau dIAw ]” (gauVI m: 5) gurU ny nwnk ƒ id`qw[ Meaning: Guru has given to Nanak

prmysuir

-

“hwQ dyie rwKy prmysuir sglw durqu imtwieAw ]” (gUjrI m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  103  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

pRiB

-

“srb kilAwx pRiB kIny]” (soriT m: 5) hr qrW dI suK-sWd pRBU ny kIqI[

puriK

-

“krqY puriK qwlu idvwieAw]” qlwA krqy-purK ny idvwieAw[

guir Amrdwis

-

“guir Amrdwis krqwru kIAau vis…]” (kIrq, sv`Xy m: 4) gurU Amrdws ny krqwr ƒ vs kIqw[

siqguir

-

“ijn kau siqguir QwipAw iqn myit n skY koie]” (isrI rwg m: 1) ijnHW ƒ qW siqgurU ny AsQwpn kIqw hovy, aunHW ƒ koeI myt nhI skdw[

bwip

-

“bwip idlwsw myro kInw] syj suKwlI muiK AMimRqu dInw] iqsu bwp kau ikau mnhu ivswrI]” (Awsw kbIr) pihlI quk ivc ‘bwip’ krqw hY Aqy qIjI ivc krm[

ipir mUriK

-

“ipir CifAVI suqI ipr kI swr n jwxI]” (quKwrI m: 1) “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]” ( Awsw dI vwr) AMnHy mUrK ny pq gvw leI[

ijin

-

“ijin hir pwieE iqnih CpwieE]” (tofI nwmdyv) ijs iksy ny hrI ƒ pwieAw, aus ny ies g`l ƒ Cupw ky r`iKAw hY[

(soriT m: 5)

“ijin dIey iqsu buJY n ibgwnw]” (suKmnI) “Dnu Dnu siqguru ijin nwmu idRVwieAw]” (jYqsrI m: 4) ienHW imswlW ivc ‘ijin’ krqw hY[ ijQy ieh krqw nhI huMdw, auQy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI[XQw: Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  104  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

In the above Gurbani lines, the word ‘ijin’ means Creator (Almighty), whenever it appears with a different meaning (e.g. who, whoever. etc.) the consonant ‘n’ comes empty without sihari as follows; “ijn min pRIiq lgI hir kyrI iqn Duir Bwg purwnw] iqn hm crx sryvh iKnu iKnu ijn hir mIT lgwnw]” (jYqsrI m: 4) iqin

-

“ijskw sw iqin lIAw imlwie]” (suKmnI) ijQy ‘iqin’ krqw nhI huMdw auQy iehdy nMny nwl ishwrI nhI huMdI[ In the above Gurbani lines, the word ‘iqin’ means Creator (Almighty), whenever it appears with a different meaning (e.g. he, she, etc.) the consonant ‘n’ comes empty without sihari as follows; “keI koit pwrbRhm ky dws] iqn hovq Awqm prgws]”(suKmnI) “pVih guxih iqn cwr vIcwr]” (Awsw dI vwr) ArQwq jo aunHW (vydW) ƒ pVdy-guxdy hn, iqnHW lokW ƒ krmw dI ivcwr pRwpq huMdI hY, ik Amkw krm SuB hY qy Amkw ASuB[ Meaning: Those who reads and contemplates of scriptures possess the knowledge of good and evil deeds. ijs ‘iqin’ dy ArQ ‘qRY’ hn, auhdy nMny nwl sdw ishwrI huMdI hY: Whenever, the word ‘iqin’ appears to denote number three (3), the consonant ‘n’ comes with sihari as well. “iqin cyly prvwxu]” (jpu jI) “Qwl ivic iqMin vsqU peIE]” (muMdwvxI m:5)

Awip

-

“ijn kau Awip dyie vifAweI, jgqu BI Awpy Awix iqn@ kau pYrI pwie]” (m: 4 vwr gauVI)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  105  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

“Awip lIey liV lwie]”

(Awsw PrId)

ienHW imswlW ivc ‘Awip’ krqw hY[ ijQy ieh krqw nhI huMdw, auQy iehdy AMq ivc ishwrI nhI huMdI[ Whenever the word ‘Awip’ appears as Creator (Almighty) the consonant ‘p’ comes with sihari. “Awip jphu Avrw nwmu jpwvhu]” (suKmnI) auprlI pMgqI ivc ‘Awip’ Sbd ijv ƒ drsauNdw hY, ishwrI jo ‘p’ AKr nwl lgI hY ijv eISvr dy ABydqw drsauNdI hY[ The word ‘Awip’ in the above Shabad means the being although the consonant ‘p’ comes with sihari (which was read earlier to be Almighty). This sihari is denoting the ultimate fact that being and creator is the same therefore the use of sihari delivers the message precisely. “gur ikrpw qy jwixAw ijQY quDu Awpu buJwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) ArQwq, mnu`K ƒ ijs hwlq jW pdvI ivc qYny Awpxw Awp disAw hY, ausy hwlq ivc aus ny gurU dI ikrpw nwl qYƒ jwx ilAw hY[ “sB pvY pYrI siqgurU kyrI ijQY gurU Awp riKAw]” (rwmklI s`d) swry pYrI pey siqgurU (rwmdws jI) dy, ijnHW ivc gurU (Amrdws jI) ny Awpxw Awp r`iKAw[ “siqguir imilAY scu pwieAw, ijnI ivchu Awpu gvwieAw]” (Awsw dI vwr) mn`uK ny aus siqgurU dy imlx qoN s`c pwieAw, ijs ny auhdy ivcoN haumY k`FI[ “nwnk vfw AwKIAY, Awpy jwxY Awpu]” (jpu jI) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  106  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

nwnk, auh Awpxy Awp ƒ Awpy jwxdw hY, swƒ qW cwhIdw hY ik v`fw hI AwKIey[ “jb Awpn Awpu Awip auir DwrY]” (suKmnI) ies quk ivc ‘Awip’ krqw hY qy ‘Awpu’ krm hY[ The word ‘Awip’ means Creator (Almighty) and ‘Awpu’ means Himself therefore the meaning of the line is ‘When He (Awip) Himself (Awpu) dwells within His Own (Awpn) heart’. “AwpIn@Y Awpu swijE, AwpIn@Y ricE nwau]” (Awsw dI vwr) ies quk dy Am qOr ArQ TIk nhI kIqy jWdy[ lok ieh ArQ krdy hn ik vwihgurU ny isRstI Awpxy Awp rcI Aqy Awpy hI jIvW dy nwauN rcy[ ies qoN auprMq hor ikhVI cIj bxwn gocry rih geI sI, ijhdy leI, The above Asa Dhi Vaar Shabad is usually misinterpreted as ‘Almighty created the entire world Himself and He Himself created the names for being’. “duXI kudriq swjIAY” kihxw ipAw? ieh ArQ TIk nhI[ ieQy ‘Awpu’ krm hY, ijs dy ArQ hn ‘Awpxy Awp ƒ’[ BweI gurdws jI BI kihMdy hn: The word .. refers to a deed which means ‘He to Himself’. Bhai Gurdas Ji writes as follows; ‘Awpy Awpu aupwie kY Awpy Awpxw nwau DrwieAw[ (vwr 187) vwihgurU ƒ dohW rUpW ivc kQn kIqw igAw hY, iek qW Awpxy sMbMD ivc Awp, ijs ƒ inrgux BI ikhw igAw hY, Aqy dUjw isRstI dy sMbMD ivc, ijs ƒ srgux jW ‘nwm rUp’ krky s`idAw igAw hY[ jd isRstI nhI sI bxI qW vwihgurU inrgux rUp ivc sI, Aqy jd aus ny rcnw kr ky Awpxw pRkwS kIqw qW srgux rUp ho ky vrqx l`gw[ Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  107  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ienHW dohW rUpW dw ivsQwr suKmnI swihb dI iekIhvIN AstpdI ivc Ku`ly qOr qy kIqw hoieAw hY[ bwvn A`KrI dI pihlI pauVI ivc BI hY[gurU jI auprlI quk ivc dsdy hn ik vwihgurU inrgux Aqy srgux dohW rUpW Awpxy Awp qoN hY[ iksy hor ny nhI bxwieAw[ ieho Bwv keI hor vwrW dy ArMB ivc id`qw hoieAw hY[XQw: Meaning: Almighty is described in His two forms; one which is formless (Nirgun) and the second one is related to creation which is in form (Sargun). When the creation was created, Almighty was in His formless form and during the manifestation of the creation He Himself created and immerse into the entire creation which is elobrated in detail in Pauri 21 of Sri Sukhmani Sahib and the first pauri of Bavan Akhri. Therefore, “AwpIn@Y Awpu swijE, AwpIn@Y ricE nwau]” means that Almighty He Himself who prevail in both forms (Nirgun & Sargun) no other has created Him. The similar concept is repeated in the following lines in Gurbani; “Awpxw Awpu aupwieaunu, qdhu horu n koeI ] mqw msUriq Awip kry, jo kry su hoeI] qdhu Awkwsu n pqwlu hY nw qRY loeI] qdhu Awpy Awip inrMkwru hY nw Epiq hoeI]” (gUjrI kI vwr m: 3) ieQy BI im: mYkwilP Aqy keI hornW ny “Awpxw Awpu aupwieEnu” dy ArQ Bulky ieh kIqy hn ik vwihgurU ny Awpxy Awp rcnw rcI[ pr ieh nhI vyiKAw kI qlvIAW qukW ivc iehdy ault d`isAw hY ik aus vyly nw AkwS sI, nw pqwl sI[ blik auqpqI hI nhI sI[iPr pqw nhI ‘Awpxw Awp’ dy ArQ ‘Awpxy Awip’ iks qrW kr idMdy hn! ieQy ArQ swP hY ik vwihgurU ny Awpxy Awp ƒ pYdw kIqw[ Kuid

-

“Kuid Ksm Klk jhwn Alh imhrvwn Kudwie]” (iqlMg m: 5)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  108  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

3.0

ishwrI ƒ dIrG mwqR vwsqy

(Sihari for Greater Matr)

keI vyr jd kivqw dI loV Anuswr LMmI Awvwz ƒ CotI krnw pYNdw hY qW ishwrI hornW lgW mwqRW dI QW BI vrqI jWdI hY[ Sometimes sihari is used in replacement of great matr (bihari, laav, etc.) to match the count of matras in accordance to peotry rules. ibhwrI dI QW:

- cwlis=cwlsI, auqris=auqrsI, qUtis=qutsI, pkris=pkVsI, hovig=hovygI, vjig=v`jygI, Awvig=AwvygI, bwix=bwxI, siB=sBI, hsiq=hsqI, lyKix=lyKxI, mydin=mydnI, bil=blI,iB=BI, jnin=jnnI,romwvil=romwvlI, mix=mxI,dubil=dublI[

cyir=cyrI:

- “Aink mwieAw hY qw kI cyir]”

(rwmklI m: 5)

pMiK=pMKI:

- “jYsy qrvr pMiK bsyrw]”

(soriT rivdws)

drbwir=drbwrI:

- “mytI jwiq, hUey drbwir]” (goNf rivdws)

suAwim=suAwmI:

- “mwq ipqw suAwim sjxu sBu jgqu bwl gupwlw]” (vfhMsu m: 5)

godwvir=godwvrI

- “gMgw jau godwvir jweIAY]” (rwmklI nwmdyv)

bwvil=bwvlI

- “bwvil hoeI so shu lorau]”

(sUhI PrId)

dwis=dwsIN=dwsW ny - “hir suK inDwn nwnk dwis pwieAw]” (DnwsrI m: 5) suir, muin = surI, munI

- “AwKih suir nr muin jn syv]” (jpu jI) ArQwq, suir nr Aqy munI jn[ ieQy ‘suir’ Aqy ‘muin’

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  109  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

ivSySx hn nr Aqy jn dy[ “suixAY isD pIr suir nwQ]” ‘suir’ dw ArQ dyvqw hY[

(jpu jI)

lW dI QW:

- “nyir=nyVy: “koit ibGn nhI Awvih nyir]”(rwmklI m: 5)

cwir=cwry:

- “pMifq mYlu n cukeI jy vyd pVih jug cwir]” (m: 3, vwr soriT) “ieh mwieAw kI soBw cwir idhwVy jwdI iblmu n hoie]” (Awsw m: 3) “ccY cwry vyd ijin swjy cwry KwxI cwr jugw]” (Awsw m: 1) ijQy ‘cwr’ au~qy jor nhI huMdw , auQy lW jW ishwrI nhI AwauNdI: “cwr pdwrQ jy ko mwgY]” (suKmnI)

qil=qly:

- “fuib muey bg bpuVy isru qil aupir pwau]” (m: 3, vwr vfhMs)

ikMin=ikMny:

- “ijmI puCY Asmwn PrIdw Kyvt ikMin gey]” (Awsw)

Coty XXy dI QW: 4.0

- swsqRig=swsqRgÎ, DMin=DMnÎ, siq=sqÎ[

ibhwrI

(Bihari)

4.1 bhubcn (Plural) ibhwrI bhuvcn nwvW dy AMq ivc sMbMDkI ArQ idMdI hY[ The Bihari on the last consonant is usually used for plural words as preposition. Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  110  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

isKI=is`KW ny

- “isKI isiKAw gur vIcwir]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

puqRI=puqRW ny

- “puqRI kaulu n pwilE]”

(vwr s`qw)

AKI=A`KW ƒ

- “AKI sUqku vyKxw pr iqRA pr Dn rUp]”

kMnI=kMnW ƒ

- “kMnI sUqku kMin pY lwieqbwrI Kwih]”(Awsw dI vwr)

aupwvI=aupwvW nwl - “Aink aupwvI rogu n jwie]” (suKmnI) nyqRI=nyqRW nwl

- “ien@I nyqRI jgqu inhwilAw]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

AKrI=AK`rW nwl

- “AKrI ilKxu bolxu bwix]”

(jpu jI)

QxI=QxW krky

- “ssuiV suhIAw ikv krI invxu n jwie QxI]” (mhlw 1, slok vwrW qy vDIk)

AvqwrI=AvqwrW ivc

- “iksnu sdw AvqwrI rUDw…]” (vfhMsu m: 3)

4.2 ikirAw vwck (Deed) aus ikirAw dy AMq ivc ijs dy ArQ hox, mYN krW jW krdw hW, AwidkBihari is also used in verbs. socI=mYN socW

- “jy socI lK vwr]”

krI=mYN krW

- “kMcn ky kot dqu krI]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  111  

(jpu jI) (sRI rwgu m: 1)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

TgI=mYN T`gdw hW

- “hau TgvwVw TgI dysu]” (sRI rwg m: 1) fw. tRMp ny ies quk dy ArQ kIqy hn ik mY T`gW dy dyS ivc iek T`g hW[mYkwilP ny BI ies ArQ ƒ prvwn kIqw hY[

qolI=mYN qolW

- “Gt hI BIqir so shu qolI…]”

(sUhI m: 1)

4.3 ishwrI dI QW (In Replacement of Sihari) kdI kdI aus ishwrI dy ArQ idMdI hY:Sometimes bihari reflect the meaning of sihari; lhnI=lhin lYNdy

- “nwnk krmW bwhry dir FoA n lhnI Dwvdy]” (Awsw dI vwr)

jwxnI=jwxin,jwxdy - “mUrK scu n jwxnI]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

cyqnI=cyqin,cyqdy

- “nwnk nwmu n cyqnI AigAwnI AMDuly Avry krm kmwih]” (m: 3, vwr soriT)

clnI=clin,cldy

- “swhy ilKy n clnI ijMdU kMU smJwie]”(slok PrId)

(A)sMbMDkI ArQW ivc:-ndrI=ndr nwl ivjogI=ivjog nwl

- “ndrI moK duAwru]”

bybwxI=bybwx ivc

- “rhY bybwxI mVI mswxI]”

(jpu jI)

- “ivjogI imil ivCuVy, nwnk BI sMjog]” (mwrU m: 1)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  112  

(Awsw dI vwr)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

mswxI=mswx ivc

5.0

AONkV

gur prswdI=gurU dy prswid nwl: “khY nwnku gur prswdI shju aUpjY…]” (AnMdu) (Aungkar)

AONkV iek-vcn (Singular) hox dI inSwnI hY[ puiMlMg nWv jd iek-vcn hovy qW aus dy AMqly A`Kr qly AONkV huMdw hY[ies nWv dw jo ivSySx hovy, aus dy AMq ivc BI AONkV huMdw hY ijvyN:Aungkar is used to define a singular word. When plural noun is a singular then the last consonant comes with an aungkar.the adjective of this noun also comes with an aungkar on the last consonant. iehu srIru: “iehu srIru kir fMfI ]” (rwmklI m: 3) kml inrwlmu: “jYsy jl mih kmlu inrwlmu ]” (isD gosit) Amulu Drmu: “Amulu Drmu Amulu dIbwxu ]” (jpu)

6.0

BUq kwl ikirAw

(Past Tense)

swDwrx BUq kwl ikirAw (Past Tense) ijhdy AMq ivc nMnW hovy Aqy ijhdw krqw iek-vcn AnÎ purK hovy auhdy nMny qly AONkV jrUr huMdw hY[ A normal past tense which appears with ‘n’ and the composer is singular third person, the last consonant ‘n’ comes with an aungkar. bKisAin, auqwirAnu=aus ny bKSy,aus ny auqwry: “kaux kaux AprwDI bKisAnu, ipAwry swcY sbid ivcwir] Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  113  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

Baujlu pwir auqwirAnu, BweI, siqgur byVY cwiV]” (soriT mhlw 3) riKAnu=aus ny r`Ky

- “jo Duir riKAnu myil imlwie]” (DnwsrI m: 3)

irVikEnu=aus ny irVikAw

- “mwDwxw prbqu kir, nyiqR bwsku, sbid irVikEnu]” (vwr s`qw blvMf)

lieAnu, lwwieEnu

- “ieik AwpxY BwxY kiF lieAnu Awpy lieEnu imlwie]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

inkwilAnu=aus ny inkwly

- “caudh rqn inkwilAnu kIqonu cwnwxu]” (vwr s`qw blvMf) “Koty Kry siB prKIAin iqqu scy kY drbwrw rwm] Koty drgh sutIAin aUBy krin pukwrw rwm]” (vfhMs m: 3) ieQy ‘prKIAin’ dy ArQ ‘prKy jWdy hn’ hY[ jy ies dy ArQ ‘aus ny prKy’ huMdy, qW ieh Sbd ‘priKAnu’ huMdw, ArQwq, iehdy K`Ky nwl ishwrI Aqy nMny nwl AONkV huMdw[

7.0

AnumqXwrQ lkwr

(Imperative Mood)

keI vyr pRq`K AnumqXwrQ lkwr (Imperative Mood) vwly ikirAw Sbd dy AMq ivc AONkV AwauNdw hY[ ijvyN:Sometimes the obvious imperative mood verbs ends with an aungkar on the last consonant, as follows; dyhu

-

“Awvhu imlhu shylIE mY ipru dyhu imlwie]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

clu

-

“muMDy qU clu gur kY Bwie]”

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  114  

(isrI rwgu m: 3)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

pru

8.0

-

“iqs kI srnI pru mnw]”

mUilk AOkV

(isrI rwgu m: 5)

(Original Auangkar)

keI Aijhy Sbd hn ijnHW dy AMq ivc AONkV mUilk AMg hox krky Awaudw hY[ There some words which ends with an aungkar as the original syllable reflecting the word. ikqu, sBqu, ibnu, bhuqu, iekqu, ibMdu, Awidk[ keI iesqRI ilMg nWv hn, ijnHW dy AMq mUilk AONkV huMdw hY jo iksy hwlq ivc lihMdw hI nhI ijvyN:There are also some faminine noun words which comes along with the original aungkar, as follows; Dwqu

-

“Dwqu imlY Puin Dwqu kau…]”

ibKu

-

“ibKu kI kwr kmwvxI ibKu hI mwih smwih]” (isrI rwgu m: 3)

rqu

-

“ivic rwKY rsnw mws rqu kyrI]” (gauVI m: 4) iesy qrW mlu, msu, vsqu, vQu, ryxu, Dynu, klqu Awidk iesqRI-ilMg nWv AONkV nwl AwauNdy hn[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  115  

(isrI rwgu m: 1)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

gurbwxI ivAwkrx Gurbani Viakaran MODULE 7 Content 39.0 ‘h’ ƒ AOkV (Aungkar on ‘h’) 39.1 nWv (Noun) Sbd 39.2 ikirAw (Verb) Sbd 40.0

dUlYNkV

40.1 40.2 40.3

(Dulangkar)

nWv qy sMbMDkI Sbd (Noun & Preposition) sMbMDkI Sbd (Preposition Word) hoVy dI QW (In replacement to Hora)

41.0

lW

42.0

dulweIAW

(Laa’n) (Dulaava)

42.1 42.2 42.3

sQwnvwck (Defining Place) nWv (Noun) ivSySx (Adjective)

42.4

ikirAw

43.0

knOVw

(Verb)

(Kenora)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  116  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

1.0

‘h’ ƒ AOkV

(Aungkar on ‘h’) 1.1 nWv (Noun) Sbd

1. 2. 3.

iek` l w ‘h’ rwhu isAwhu swhu

dU h rw ‘h’ rwhhu isAwhhu swhhu

iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV krqw (creator) kwrk (case) Aqy krm (subject) kwrk dw iek-vcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskqw (nasal sound) qoN bgYr hY, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ Apwdwn kwrk (Ablative*) dw iekvcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY[ [*(Ablative :denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives indicating the agent in passive sentences or the instrument, manner, or place of the action described by the verb) 1.2 ikirAw (Verb) Sbd

1. 2. 3. 4.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

iek` l w ‘h’ khu bhu rhu shu

Page  117  

dU h rw ‘h’ khhu bhhu rhhu shhu

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV hY ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl (future tense), m`Dm purK, iek-vcn dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl, m`Dm purK, bhu-vcn (plural) dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn [ 2.0

dUlYNkV

(Dulangkar)

2.1 nWv qy sMbMDkI Sbd (Noun & Preposition) iksy nWv nwl jd aus dy ip`Cy sMbMDkI pd vriqAw jwxw hovy, hux q`k poTohwr ivc kihMdy hn, KMfU ny iKfwvxy, ryqU ny P`ky, mwaU kI AwK[ When a noun is followed by preposition then dulangkar end the word. vsqU

-

“vsqU AMdir vsqu smwvY]”

ijMdU

-

“swhy ilKy n clnI ijMdU kUM smJwie]” (slok PrId)

KwkU

-

“PrIdw Kwku n inMdIAY KwkU jyfu n koie]” (slok PrId) “Ehu iKn mih rulqw KwkU nwil]” (goNf m: 5)

ssU

-

“ssU qy ipir kInI vwiK]”

(Awsw m: 5)

pIXU

-

“pIXU dwdy jyivhw poqw prvwxu]”

(vwr s`qw)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  118  

(Awsw dI vwr)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

2.2 sMbMDkI Sbd (Preposition Word) sMbMDkI ArQW ivc:The use of dilangkar as preposition; KyhU=Kyih=Kyh ivc: “KyhU Kyh rlweIAY]” (isrIrwgu m: 1) 2.3 hoVy dI QW (In replacement to Hora) keI vyr dulYNkVy hoVy dI QW vrqy gey hn[:Sometimes dulangkay is used in replacement of Hora AslU-AsloN, ijdU=ijdoN: “ijdU ikCu guJw n hoie]”(vwr gauVI m: 4) iqdU kU=ko 3.0

-

lW

“mws n iqdU Kwih]” (slok PrId) “PrIdw mY jwinAw duKu muJ kU…]” (slok PrId) (Laa’n)

ishwrI dI QW keI vyr lW vrqI geI hY:- ishwrI dI QW keI vyr lW vrqI geI hY:Sometimes Laa’n is used to replace sihari and vice-versa; pVy=piV

- “kibq pVy piV kibqw mUey]”

muhy=muih

- “muhy muih cotw Kwie]”

kUVy=kUiV=kUV ivc

- “AsMK kUiVAwr kUVy iPrwih]”

dry=dir

- “hir dry hir dir sohin qyry Bgq ipAwry rwm]”(Awsw m: 5) Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  119  

(soriT kbIr) (isrI rwgu m: 1) (jpu jI)

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

sMswry=sMswir

- “sMqoKu BieAw sMswry]”

(soriT m: 5)

sMgy=sMig

- “pyKq sunq sdw hY sMgy, mY mUrK jwinAw dUrI ry]”(soriT m: 5)

swQy=swiQ

- “nwnk pRBu myrY swQy]”

Dury=Duir

- “soeI vrqY jig ij kIAw quDu Dury]” (m: 5 vwr gUjrI)

aupry=aupir

- “muKu qlY pYru aupry vsMdo kuhQVY Qwie]” (vwr jYqsrI m: 5)

(soriT m: 5)

bRhmMfy,ipMfy=bRhmMf, - “jo bRhmMfy soeI ipMfy, jo KojY so pwvY]” (DnwsrI pIpw) ipMf kuMBy=kuMiB: - “kuMBy bDw jlu rhY]” (Awsw dI vwr) AMqy=AMiq:

4.0

- “AMqy siqguru boilAw mY ipCY kIrqnu kirAhu inrbwxu jIau]” (sdu suMdr)

dulweIAW

(Dulaava)

4.1 sQwnvwck (Defining Place) keI vyr ieh lg sQwnvwck sMbMDkI ArQW ivc vrqI jWdI hY[ ieh nrol pMjwbI muhwvrw hY Aqy poTohwr ivc hux q`k vriqAw jWdw hY[ ijvyN, auh koTy ciVHAw hY, jW FokY igAw hY[ Sometimes this syllable is used as preposition for a place.

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  120  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

dUjY=dUjy nwl jW ƒ

- “sBo sUqku Brmu hY dUjY lgY jwie]” (Awsw dI vwr)

irdY=irdy ivc

- “scu qw pru jwxIAY jw irdY scw hoie]” (Awsw dI vwr)

mMdY=mMd ivc

- En@I mMdY pYru n riKE…]” (Awsw dI vwr)

rYnVIAY=rYn ivc

- “iBMnI rYnVIAY cmkin qwry]” (Awsw m: 5)

jMgIAY=jMGW nwl

- “PrIdw ienI inkI jMgIAY Ql fUMgr BivEim@]” (slok)

khxY=khx nwl

- “khxY kQin n BIjY goibMdu]”

(soriT m: 5)

sUAY=sUey au~qy

- “sUAY cwiV BvweIAih jMq]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

nwrwiexY=nwrwiex pwis

- “rMg sBy nwrwiexY jyqy min BwvMin]” (bwrh mwhw mwJ m: 5) iesy qrHW caukY, mQY, pyVY, sMjY, lyKY, qRyqY, ipCY, AgY, qlY, GoVVY, gMTVIAY, suKY, rwmdwsY, Awidk[

4.2 nWv (Noun) iksy nWv dy AMq ivc, ijhdy nwl sMbMDkI Sbd vriqAw jwxw hovy:At the end of noun where preposition word is used; GrY

- “GrY AMdir sBu vQu hY]”

(Awsw m: 3)

nwvY

- “sB nwvY no locdI]” “haumY nwvY nwil ivroDu hY]”

(Awsw m: 3) (vfhMsu m: 3)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  121  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

4.3 ivSySx (Adjective) jd iksy nWv nwl au~qy d`sy guxW vwlI ishwrI (jW dulweIAW) l`gI hovy qW aus dy ivSySx dy AMq ivc lW dI QW dulWeIAW AwvxgIAW[ When a noun is appears with an Sihari (or Dulavaa) as mentioned above, the following adjective will end with dulavaa instead of Laa’n. AMDY

- “mUriK AMDY piq gvweI]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

pUrY

- “guir pUrY imhrvwin Brmu Bau mwirAw]” (m: 4, vwr iblwvl) “siqguir pUrY syivAY dUKw kw hoie nwsu]” (vwr gauVI m: 5)

BIVY

- “rwih BIVY AgY jwvxw]”

(Awsw dI vwr)

BIhwvlY

- “bin BIhwvlY ihku swQI lDmu duK hrqw hir nwmw]” (m: 5,vwr gUjrI)

sbwieAY

- “PrIdw mY jwinAw duKu muJ kU duKu sbwieAY jig]” (slok PrId)

myrY

- “Blky auiT prwhuxw myrY Gir Awvau]” (m: 5,vwr gauVI)

qyrY

- “Bgq qyrY min Bwvdy…]” (Awsw dI vwr) Bgq lok qyry mn ƒ BWvdy hn[iehdw ieh Arq nhI ik qyry Bgq mn ƒ BwauNdy hn[ “qyrY BrosY, ipAwry, mY lwf lfwieAw]” (isrI rwgu m: 5)

prwieAY

- “PrIdw bwir prwieAY bYsxw sweI muJY n dyih]”(slok PrId)

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  122  

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gu r bwxI ivAwkrx - Gurbani Viakaran Part 3 of Advance Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course Module : Introduction & Basic Grammer of Gurbani

kcY

- “PrIdw kcY BWfY rKIAY ikcru qweI nIru]” (slok PrId)

pihlY

- “pihlY pihrY PulVw…]”

4.4

ikirAw

(slok PrId)

(Verb)

ikirAw dy AMq ivc kwrixk ArQW nwl[ijvyN: The end of a verb defines the action, as follows; suixAY=suxn krky: - KwDY=Kwx qoN[ ies dw izkr ishwrI dy nym 14 hyTW Aw cu`kw hY[

5.0

knOVw

(Kenora)

knOVw keI QWeI sQwn-vwck SMbMDkI dy qOr qy vriqAw igAw hY[ArQ kridAW iehdy nwl ibMdI lw leIdI hY[XQw:In some places the word which describes a location the kenora is used as the preposition AwpON=Awp QoN

muhO=mUMh qoN

- “nwnk jy ko AwpO jwxY AgY gieAw n sohY]” (jpu jI) hy nwnk! jy koeI mnu`K koeI kwrj Awpxy qoN hoieAw jwxy, qW auh AglI drgwh jw ky cMgw nhIN l`gygw[ - “muhO ik bolxu bolIAY ijqu suix Dry ipAwru]” (jpu jI) iesy qrHW “ iek dU jIBO lK hoih…]” (jpu jI) dw hwl hY[

Gurbani  Kav  -­‐  Module  1  

Page  123