Green Building Rating-leed

«“√ “√æ≈—ßß“π ªï∑’Ë 7 ©∫—∫ªï 2549

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Green Building Rating - LEED ∑«’ ‡«™æƒµ‘*

1. ∫∑π” ®“°Õ¥’µ¡“∂÷ßªí®®ÿ∫—ππ’ȉ¥â¡’°“√°àÕ √â“ßÕ“§“√ ¢÷Èπ¡“°—π®”π«π¡“° ‡æ◊ËÕ πÕߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õß°“√ „™âß“πµ“¡«—µ∂ÿª√– ß§åµà“ß Ê ‡™àπ Õ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π §Õπ‚¥¡‘‡π’¬¡ ‚√ß欓∫“≈ ∏𓧓√ œ≈œ ‡ªìπµâπ √«¡∑—ßÈ ∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬´÷Ë߇ªìπ∫â“πæ—° §«“¡‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õ߇¡◊Õß ‰¥â¡’¢π“¥¢¬“¬°«â“߉°≈ÕÕ°‰ªÕ¬à“ß¡À“»“≈ ∑ÿ° ª√–‡∑»∑—«Ë ‚≈° ∑”„Àâº≈°√–∑∫∑’‡Ë °‘¥¢÷πÈ ¡’À≈“¬ª√–°“√ ‡™à π ªí ≠ À“∑“ßπ‘ ‡ «»πå  ‘ Ë ß ·«¥≈â Õ ¡  ¿“æ∑“ß ¿Ÿ¡‘»“ µ√凪≈’Ë¬π‰ª ªí≠À“¢Õß·À≈àßπÈ” ¡≈æ‘…∑“ß πÈ”·≈–∑“ßÕ“°“»∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ °“√¢®—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬·≈–¢¬– °“√„™âæ≈—ßß“π·≈–·À≈àߢÕßæ≈—ßß“π ‡ªìπµâπ  ”À√—∫ ªí≠À“¿“¬„πÕ“§“√∑’Ë √â“ß ‡√‘Ë¡®“°«— ¥ÿ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ °àÕ √â“ß «— ¥ÿ∑µË’ °·µàß¿“¬„π°àÕ„À⇰‘¥¡≈æ‘… §ÿ≥¿“æ ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ °“√ª√—∫ ¿“«–Õ“°“»‡æ◊ËÕ §«“¡ ÿ¢ ∫“¬ °“√„™â “√∑”§«“¡‡¬Áπæ«° CFC ∑’Ë ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√∑”≈“¬™—Èπ‚Õ‚´π„π∫√√¬“°“»¢Õß‚≈° ‚√ßß“π∑’˺≈‘µ°√–· ‰øøÑ“´÷Ë߇ªìπæ≈—ßß“πÀ≈—°∑’Ë„™â°—π ¡“°„πÕ“§“√π—πÈ ∫“ߧ√—ßÈ „™â‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ≈‘ß∑’°Ë Õà „À⇰‘¥¡≈æ‘… ∑”„À⇰‘¥ global warming, greenhouse effect ·≈– Ωπ°√¥ (acid rain) ´÷Ë߇√“®–°≈à“«‰¥â«à“¡πÿ…¬åπ—Èπ¡’ §«“¡©≈“¥·≈–¡’°“√π”‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’¢—Èπ Ÿßπ”¡“„™â‡æ◊ËÕ §«“¡ ÿ¢ ∫“¬ ´÷Ëß∂Ⓡ√“¬âÕπÀ≈—߉ª ŸàÕ¥’µÀ≈“¬√âÕ¬ªï ∑’ºË “à π¡“ °≈à“«‰¥â«“à ¡πÿ…¬åÕ¬ŸÕà ¬à“ß ß∫ ¥”√ß™’«µ‘ Õ¬à“ß æÕ‡æ’¬ß æ÷Ëßæ“∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈–√—°…“¥Ÿ·≈Õ¬à“ߥ’™π‘¥∑’Ë ‡√’¬°«à“ çLive friendly with a natureé ·µàªí®®ÿ∫—π π’È¡πÿ…¬å‰¥âÀ≈ß„À≈°—∫«—µ∂ÿπ‘¬¡·≈–· ß ’ √«¡∑—Èß æ÷ Ë ß æ“∏√√¡™“µ‘ π â Õ ¬≈ߥ⠫ ¬¡’ § «“¡∑√πß„π§«“¡ ‡©≈’¬«©≈“¥∑’Ëµπ¡’‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’∑’Ë· π®–‡≈Õ‡≈‘» ®÷ß ¥”√ß™’«‘µÕ¬à“ß∑â“∑“¬µàÕ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ´÷Ëß·πàπÕπ¡πÿ…¬å

¬àÕ¡µâÕß∂Ÿ°≈ß‚∑…¥â«¬¿—¬æ‘∫µ— ¢‘ Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘‡π◊ÕË ß®“° human, environment, nature, energy resource ¢“¥§«“¡ ¡¥ÿ≈ ®–°àÕ‡°‘¥ªí≠À“∑—ßÈ ∑“ߥâ“π‡»√…∞°‘® ·≈– —ߧ¡ ´÷Ëߪ√–‡¥Áπ¥—ß°≈à“«¢â“ßµâππ—Èπ§ß®–µâÕß ∑”„Àâ¡πÿ…¬å‡√“µâÕßÀ¬ÿ¥§‘¥«à“Õ𓧵π—Èπ‡√“§«√®– ¥”‡π‘π°“√Õ¬à“߉√µàÕ‰ª‡æ◊ÕË √—°…“ ¡¥ÿ≈¬å¢Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘ ·≈– ‘ Ë ß ·«¥≈â Õ ¡ (balance of nature and environment) ∫∑§«“¡∑’Ë®–°≈à“«µàÕ‰ªπ—Èπ‡ªìπ°“√ ®— ¥ ∑”¡“µ√∞“π∑’ Ë ‰ ¥â ¡ ’ ° ≈ÿ à ¡ ∫ÿ § §≈∑’ Ë ‰ ¥â µ √–Àπ— ° ∂÷ ß ªí≠À“¢â“ßµâπ ‰¥â¡’§«“¡æ¬“¬“¡√à“ß¡“µ√∞“π¢÷Èπ¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ§«“¡Õ¬Ÿà√Õ¥¢Õß¡πÿ…¬™“µ‘„πÕ𓧵

2. ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß ¡“§¡«‘ » «°√√¡ª√— ∫ Õ“°“»¢Õß À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ (ASHRAE) çASHRAE Green Guideé ∑“ß ¡“§¡ «‘»«°√√¡ª√—∫Õ“°“»¢Õß À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc) ´÷ Ë ß ¡’ Õ “¬ÿ ¢ Õß  ¡“§¡∑’ˉ¥â°àÕµ—Èß¡“¡“°°«à“ 100 ªï·≈â« ·≈–¡’ “¢“ Õ¬Ÿà„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ (ASHRAE Thailand Chapter) ‚¥¬‰¥â°àÕµ—È߇¡◊ËÕªï §.». 2000 π’È çASHRAE Green Guideé ‰¥â®¥— ∑”¢÷πÈ ¡“‚¥¬¡’‡π◊ÕÈ À“ “√–∑’‡Ë °’¬Ë «¢âÕß°—∫ Green ·≈– Sustainable Design ¢ÕßÕ“§“√ ‰¥â®—¥ æ‘¡æ凡◊ËÕ §.». 2003 ‚¥¬¡’𓬠David L. Grumman ‡ªìπ Editor ´÷Ëß ASHRAE Green Guide π’È¡’ ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ëπà“ π„®‚¥¬‡©æ“– ∂“ªπ‘°·≈–«‘»«°√∑’Ë ∑”ß“π∑“ߥ⠓ π«‘ » «°√√¡ª√— ∫ Õ“°“»·≈–∑“ߥ⠓ π æ≈—ßß“π ‡®â“¢ÕßÕ“§“√ ºŸâ∫√‘À“√Õ“§“√ ·≈–ºŸâ√—∫‡À¡“ °àÕ √â“ßÕ“§“√·≈–ß“π√–∫∫µà“ß Ê ‚¥¬¡’ “√– ”§—≠ ‡™àπ Green Design, Sustainability ·≈– çGood Designé ∑’Ë¢Õ¬°‡ªìπµ—«Õ¬à“ߥ—ßπ’È :-

* »“ µ√“¿‘™“π §≥–«‘»«°√√¡»“ µ√å ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬

«“√ “√æ≈—ßß“π ªï∑’Ë 7 ©∫—∫ªï 2549

46 2.1 §”«à“ Green π—Èπ¡’§«“¡À¡“¬¡“°¡“¬¢÷Èπ Õ¬Ÿà°—∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“·≈–¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕ߇√“ Õ“∑‘‡™àπ ‡√“ 查∂÷ß Greenery of nature (grass, trees, leaves) °ÁÀ¡“¬∂÷ß∏√√¡™“µ‘∑’Ë¡’ ’‡¢’¬«‡ªìπµâπ  ”À√—∫°“√ ÕÕ°·∫∫∑’ˇªìπ Green Design π—ÈπºŸâÕÕ°·∫∫µâÕß¡’ §«“¡√–¡—¥√–«—ß µâÕß¡’§«“¡π—∫∂◊Õ∏√√¡™“µ‘·≈– √–‡∫’¬∫À√◊Õ√–∫∫¢Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õß √√æ ‘ßË µà“ß Ê Õ“∑‘ ‡™àπ µâÕßÕÕ°·∫∫‰¡à„Àâ¡’°“√∑”≈“¬ ¿“æ∏√√¡™“µ‘ √«¡∑—Èß«— ¥ÿµà“ß Ê ∑’Ëπ”¡“„™âß“π œ≈œ ‡ªìπµâπ 2.2 §”«à“ Sustainability π—ÈπÀ¡“¬§«“¡«à“ ¬—Ë߬◊π §ß∑πÕ¬Ÿà‰¥âπ“π ´÷Ëߧ«“¡À¡“¬„πÀπ—ß ◊Õ°≈à“« ‰«â¥—ßπ’È :- Sustainability is çproviding for the needs of the present without detracting from the ability to fulfill the needs of the futureé 2.3 §”«à “ çGood Designé π— È π À¡“¬∂÷ ß °√–∫«π°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫‰¥â ”‡√Á®¥’µ“¡«—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å ¥—ßπ’È :- ‡ªì π ‰¥â µ “¡§«“¡µâ Õ ß°“√¢Õ߇®â “ ¢Õß ºŸâ∫√‘À“√Õ“§“√ ·≈–ºŸâ„™â Õ¬Õ“§“√ - ‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑“ߥâ“π ÿ¢Õπ“¡—¬ (health) §«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ √«¡∑—È߇ªìπµ“¡ ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ - ‡ªì π Õ“§“√∑’ Ë ¡ ’   ¿“æ ‘ Ë ß ·«¥≈â Õ ¡∑’ Ë ¥ ’ (Good Indoor Environmental Quality, IEQ) ‡™àπ ∑“ߥâ“𧫓¡ ÿ¢ ∫“¬ (Thermal Comfort) §ÿ≥¿“æ ¢ÕßÕ“°“»¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ (Indoor Air Quality, IAQ) §«“¡ ÿ¢ ∫“¬∑“ߥâ“π‡ ’¬ß (Acoustic Comfort) §«“¡ ∫“¬„π°“√„™â   “¬µ“„πÕ“§“√ (Visual Comfort) ‡ªìπµâπ  à«π‡π◊ÈÕÀ“∑’Ë ”§—≠Õ◊Ëπ Ê π—Èπ‰¥â®”·π°ÕÕ°‡ªìπ

À—«¢âÕµà“ß Ê ‡™àπ °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫∑“ߥâ“π ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡ ·≈–ß“π«‘»«°√√¡¢Õß√–∫∫µà“ß Ê (ª√—∫Õ“°“», · ß  «à“ß, °“√ªÑÕß°—πÕ—§§’¿¬— ) °“√°àÕ √â“ß °“√µ‘¥µ—ßÈ °“√ ∑¥ Õ∫ °“√ª√–À¬—¥À√◊Õ°“√Õπÿ√—°…åæ≈—ßß“π ·≈– °“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√∑”ß“π¢Õß√–∫∫·≈–°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“ œ≈œ ‡ªìπµâπ

3. ¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) 3.1 ¥—ß∑’ˉ¥â°≈à“«„π∫∑π”„πªí≠À“µà“ß Ê ¢Õß °“√ √â“ßÕ“§“√°—∫º≈°√–∑∫µà“ß Ê π—Èπ ∑“ß√—∞∫“≈ ¢Õߪ√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“‰¥â°”Àπ¥¡“µ√∞“π¢Õß çGreen Buildingé ‚¥¬∑“ߧ≥–°√√¡°“√ USGBC ‰¥â°”Àπ¥¡“µ√∞“π·Ààß™“µ‘ ‡√’¬°«à“ LEED ´÷Ëß ¡“®“°§”¬à Õ ¢Õß Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Green Building System Rating ‚¥¬‡√‘Ë¡µâ𥔇π‘π°“√∑”¡“µ√∞“π LEED ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ°≈ÿࡵà“ß Ê ¥—ßπ’È ë LEED-NC ➾ New Commercial Construction and Major Renovation Projects (Õ“§“√„À¡àÀ√◊ÕÕ“§“√∑’˪√—∫ª√ÿ߇ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß¡“°) ë LEED-EB ➾ Existing Building Operation (Õ“§“√„™âß“πÕ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π) ë LEED-CI ➾ Commercial Interior Projects (°“√µ°·µàß¿“¬„πÕ“§“√) ë LEED-CS ➾ Core and Shell Projects (√Ÿª·∫∫∑“ß ∂“ªíµ¬°√√¡) ë LEED-H ➾ Home (∫â“π) ë LEED-ND ➾ Neighborhood Development (°“√ª√—∫ª√ÿßøóôπøŸ„Àâ°≈—∫¡“„À¡à·≈– °“√«“ß·ºπæ—≤π“™ÿ¡™π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬√à«¡°—π) „À⥟ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 (Table 1) ª√–°Õ∫

«“√ “√æ≈—ßß“π ªï∑’Ë 7 ©∫—∫ªï 2549

3.2 °“√°”Àπ¥ LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design) ¥â « ¬ «—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å ¥—ßπ’È :ë ‡æ◊ËÕ®–°”Àπ¥¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√µ√«®«—¥ ·≈–µ√«® Õ∫ çGreen Buildingé ë ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ°“√ à߇ √‘¡·≈– π—∫ πÿπ°“√ ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ¬à“ß∫Ÿ√≥“°“√¢ÕßÕ“§“√∑—ßÈ À≈—ß„π∑“ߪؑ∫µ— ‘ ë „À⧫“¡ ”§—≠‡°’¬Ë «°—∫ ‘ßË ·«¥≈âÕ¡ §«“¡ ‡ªì π ºŸ â π ”∑“ߥ⠓ πÕÿ µ  “À°√√¡°“√°à Õ  √â “ ßÕ“§“√ (building industry) ë °√–µÿâπ‡µ◊Õπ„Àâ¡’°“√·¢àߢ—π„π°“√ÕÕ° ·∫∫„À⇪ìπ Green Building ë „À⺟ℙâÀ√◊Õ‡®â“¢ÕßÕ“§“√µ√–Àπ—°∂÷ß ª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë®–‰¥â√—∫®“°Õ“§“√∑’ˇªìπ Green Building ë ‡ªìπ°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß°“√µ≈“¥∑“ߥâ“π Õ —ßÀ“√‘¡∑√—æ¬å‰ª„π∑“ß∑’Ë¥’ 3.3 Green Building Rating Systems π—Èπ ‡πâπÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ë ‘Ëß ”§—≠ 5 ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ“§“√ ·≈–Õ“¬ÿ¢Õß°“√„™âß“πÕ“§“√ ¥—ßπ’È :(i)  ∂“π∑’°Ë Õà  √â“ßÕ“§“√∑’¬Ë ßË— ¬◊π (sustainable sites)

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(ii) ª√– ‘ ∑ ∏‘ ¿ “æ„π°“√„™â π È ” (water efficiency) (iii) æ≈— ß ß“π·≈– ¿“æ¢Õß∫√√¬“°“» (energy and atmosphere) (iv) «— ¥ÿ°àÕ √â“ß·≈–·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ (material and resource) (v) §ÿ ≥ ¿“æ ¿“«–·«¥≈â Õ ¡„πÕ“§“√ (indoor environment quality) πÕ°®“°π’È®–µâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ß°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ¬à“ß¡’ π«—µ°√√¡ ·≈–¡’¢—ÈπµÕπ (innovation and design process) 3.4 ¢—ÈπµÕπ∑’Ë®–𔉪 Ÿà°“√À“ LEED Rating π—Èπ‡√“µâÕß∑”°“√ download §Ÿà¡◊Õ¢Õß LEED-NC (´÷Ë߇√“®–„À⧫“¡ π„® ”À√—∫Õ“§“√„À¡àÀ√◊Õ¡’°“√ ª√—∫ª√ÿßµ—«Õ“§“√Õ¬à“ß¡“° ®“° www.usgbc.org ´÷Ëß®–‰¥â LEED Version 2.0 ·≈– 2.1 ‚¥¬¡‘µâÕ߇ ’¬ §à“„™â®“à ¬ æ√âÕ¡∑—ßÈ ·∫∫øÕ√å¡„π°“√°√Õ°‡æ◊ÕË „™â„π°“√ ª√–‡¡‘π∑’Ë®–‰¥â√Ÿâ«à“Õ“§“√∑’ˉ¥â √â“ß·≈–ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ¬Ÿà„π √–¥—∫„¥ (LEED Certification Levels) ¥—ß· ¥ß „πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 (Table 2)

48 Table 2 LEED Certification Levels Certification Levels Points Certified 26-32 Silver 33-38 Gold 39-51 Platinum 52-more  ”À√—∫§–·ππ (points) ∑’ˇµÁ¡∑’˧◊Õ 69 §–·ππ ( “¡“√∂¥Ÿ®“°·∫∫øÕ√å¡∑’Ë download ¡“) ®–‡ÀÁπ ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–„π°“√°√Õ°§–·ππ∑’‰Ë ¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√®√‘ßπ—πÈ §–·ππ∑’Ë Ÿß®–∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπÕ“§“√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡‡ªìπ çGreen Buildingé ¡“°

4. °“√·∫àߪ√–‡¿∑µà“ßÊ ·≈–°√–∫«π°“√ ¢—ÈπµÕπ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π√–¥—∫∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰«â ¢Õß LEED (LEED Categories and the Rating Process) „π à«ππ’È°≈à“«‚¥¬ —߇¢ª∂÷ߪ√–‡¿∑¢Õß LEED µà“ß Ê ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’˵âÕß∑”„À⇠√Á®°àÕπ (Prerequisite) ª√–‡¿∑„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π„À⧖·ππ «‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ ·≈– «‘∏’°“√¥â“π‡Õ° “√∑’˵âÕß°“√ ”À√—∫°“√√—∫√Õß °“√ °≈à“«∂÷ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√‡À≈à“π’È®–æ∫‰¥â „π§Ÿ à ¡ ◊ Õ Õâ “ ßÕ‘ ß ¢Õß LEED (LEED Reference Manual) ∑’Ë download ¡“‰¥â 4.1  ∂“π∑’Ë°àÕ √â“ß∑’ˬ—Ë߬◊π·≈–§ß∑π„π°“√„™â ß“π (sustainable sites) §«“¡µ—Èß„®¢Õ߇ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’˵âÕß∑”„Àâ ”‡√Á® °àÕπ·≈–°“√„Àâ°“√ª√–‡¡‘π„πª√–‡¿∑π’È °Á‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–  π—∫ πÿπ°“√π”¡“„™â„À¡à¢ÕßÕ“§“√∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà  ∂“π∑’Ë °àÕ √â“ß ªÑÕß°—π°“√„™â∑’Ë¥‘π ·≈–≈¥º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„π°“√æ—≤π“„À¡à §«“¡µâÕß°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫ ∑’˪√– “π°—∫·ºπß“π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√‡ªìπµ–°Õπ·≈– °“√°—¥°√àÕπ ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’˵âÕß°“√∑”„À⇠√Á®°àÕπ °“√‡≈◊Õ° ∂“π∑’°Ë Õà  √â“ß®–‰¥â§–·ππ¡“°∂÷ß 3 §–·ππ ¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õß°“√æ—≤π“ ∂“π∑’Ë°àÕ √â“ß À√◊Õ°“√øóôπ§◊π ¿“æ §–·ππ∑’ˇæ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â ‚¥¬°“√®—¥°“√√–∫∫√–∫“¬πÈ”Ωπ ·≈–°“√≈¥·À≈àß §«“¡√â Õ π·≈–· ß∑’ Ë ‰ ¡à µ â Õ ß°“√ πÕ°®“°π’ È ® –‰¥â §–·ππ®“°°“√®—¥À“∑’˵—Èß®—°√¬“π  ∂“π∑’ˇµ‘¡πÈ”¡—π

«“√ “√æ≈—ßß“π ªï∑’Ë 7 ©∫—∫ªï 2549  ”√ÕßÀ√◊Õ∑’®Ë Õ¥√∂ ”À√—∫√∂„™â√«à ¡ (Cat Pools) ‡æ◊ÕË ∑’ Ë ® –‰¥â ¡ “´÷ Ë ß §–·ππ‡À≈à “ π’ È µ â Õ ßÕ¬Ÿ à „ π·∫∫°“√ æ— ≤ π“°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–‡¢’ ¬ π·∫∫ ´÷ Ë ß ∂◊ Õ «à “ ‡ªì π ‡Õ° “√„π‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ∑’Ë®–ª√–‡¡‘π ‰¥â Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 14 §–·ππ) 4.2 ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√„™âπ”È (water efficiency) §–·ππª√–‡¿∑π’È ¡’®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬„π°“√≈¥ °“√„™âπÈ”·≈–°“√„™â‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’°”®—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬ °“√„™â ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’™≈ª√–∑“πª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ Ÿß °“√„™âπÈ”Ωπ ‡æ◊ Ë Õ °“√™≈ª√–∑“π·≈–°“√„™â √ –∫∫ª√–ª“∑’ Ë ¡ ’ ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ Ÿß („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ∑’Ë®–ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â  Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 5 §–·ππ) 4.3 æ≈—ßß“π·≈– ¿“æ¢Õß∫√√¬“°“» (energy and atmosphere) ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“ææ≈—ßß“π, °“√π”æ≈—ßß“π¡“„™â „À¡à ·≈–°“√ªÑ Õ ß°— π ‚Õ‚´π‡ªì π ®ÿ ¥ ª√– ß§å À ≈— ° ¢ÕßÀ¡«¥π’ È ° “√„Àâ ‡ §√¥‘ µ ª√–‡¿∑π’ È   “¡‡ß◊ Ë Õ π‰¢∑’ Ë ®–µâÕß∑”„Àâ ”‡√Á®°àÕπ  “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â ∂â“∫√√≈ÿ∂÷ß §«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õߪ√–‡¿∑π’È ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å¢Õ߇ß◊ËÕπ‰¢∑’Ë µâ Õ ß∑”„Àâ   ”‡√Á ® °à Õ π¡ÿ à ß ∑’ Ë ° “√¥”‡π‘ π °“√·≈–°“√ ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√„πÕ“§“√ ´÷ËßµâÕ߉¥â¢—ÈπµË”¢ÕߢâÕ°”Àπ¥ ∑“ߥâ“πæ≈—ßß“π·≈–µâÕß„™âÕÿª°√≥å∑’˪√“»®“° “√ CFC (Non-CFC Equipments) ANSI/ ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90-1-1999 ¡“µ√∞“π æ≈—ßß“π ”À√—∫Õ“§“√ ¬°‡«âπ Õ“§“√∑’ËÕ¬ŸàÕ“»—¬∑’ˉ¡à  Ÿßπ—° À√◊Õ¢âÕ°”Àπ¥¥â“πæ≈—ßß“π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ´÷Ëß„™â‡ªìπ æ◊Èπ∞“π¢—ÈπµË”„π°“√„™âæ≈—ßß“π („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ ∑’Ë®–ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 17 §–·ππ) 4.4 «— ¥ÿ°Õà  √â“ß·≈–·À≈àß∑’¡Ë “ (materials and resources) „πÀ—«¢âÕª√–‡¿∑π’È¡ÿàß∑’Ë®–≈¥º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡√–¬–¬“«¢Õß«— ¥ÿ ·≈–„À⧖·ππ ”À√—∫ °“√≈¥¢Õ߇ ’¬ °“√π”«— ¥ÿ¡“„™â„À¡à·≈–°“√π”‡¢â“ ¢∫«π°“√‡æ◊ Ë Õ π”°≈— ∫ ¡“„™â „ À¡à ‡ ªì π ‡ß◊ Ë Õ π‰¢∑’ Ë µ â Õ ß ∑”„À⇠√Á®°àÕπ (prerequisite) „πª√–‡¿∑π’È ”À√—∫ ∑ÿ°Õ“§“√®–µâÕß¡’∑’Ë„Àâ “¡“√∂‡°Á∫«— ¥ÿ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–π” °≈—∫¡“„™â„À¡à („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ∑’Ë®–ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â  Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 13 §–·ππ)

«“√ “√æ≈—ßß“π ªï∑’Ë 7 ©∫—∫ªï 2549 4.5 §ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ (indoor environmental quality) §–·ππ∑’Ë®–‰¥â„πª√–‡¿∑π’ȵâÕß¡ÿàß∑’Ë®–≈¥ ¡≈¿“«–¿“¬„πÕ“§“√ ª√—∫ª√ÿߧ«“¡ ÿ¢ ∫“¬ Õ“°“» ¿“¬„πÕ“§“√·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æ¢Õß· ß «à“ß °“√„™âæ√¡  ’  “√¥Ÿ¥  “√¬÷¥‡°“–∑’Ë àß°≈‘Ëπ∑’˵˔ ·≈–‰¡âº ¡ °“√ µ‘¥µ—Èß√–∫∫«—¥§“√å∫Õπ‰¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å √–∫∫§«∫§ÿ¡·¬° ‡ªìπ·µà≈– à«π¢ÕߺŸâ„™â Õ¬Õ“§“√ °“√‡æ‘Ë¡Õ—µ√“°“√ √–∫“¬Õ“°“» °“√π”· ß «à“ßµÕπ°≈“ß«—π¡“„™âß“π §–·ππµà“ß Ê π—ÈπµâÕß°“√‡Õ° “√· ¥ß„π·∫∫·≈– ¢âÕ°”Àπ¥°“√°àÕ √â“ߥ⫬ („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ∑’Ë®– ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 15 §–·ππ) 4.6 °√–∫«π°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ¬à“ß¡’π«—µ°√√¡·≈– ¡’¢—ÈπµÕπ (innovation and design process) „πÀ¡«¥π’ È ¡ ’ ° “√„Àâ § –·ππ ”À√— ∫ °“√ ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ¬à“ß¡’π«—µ°√√¡·≈–°“√„™â∑’¡ÕÕ°·∫∫¡◊Õ Õ“™’ æ ∑’ Ë ‰ ¥â √ — ∫ „∫√— ∫ √Õß®“° LEED (LEED Accredited Professional) („πÀ¡«¥π’È¡’§–·ππ∑’Ë ®–ª√–‡¡‘π‰¥â Ÿß ÿ¥‰¡à‡°‘π 5 §–·ππ)

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5.  √ÿª ∫∑§«“¡π’ È § à Õ π¢â “ ß°≈à “ «‚¥¬ √ÿ ª „Àâ ‡ ÀÁ π ∂÷ ß ¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫Õ“§“√∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ çGreen Buildingé ´÷ËßÀ«—ß«à“ºŸâÕà“π∑’ˇªìπ ∂“ªπ‘° «‘»«°√ ºŸâ√—∫‡À¡“ ‡®â“¢Õß À√◊ÕºŸâ∑’Ë π„® ®–‰¥â‡ÀÁπ·π«∑“ß ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑“ߥâ“π çGreen Building Ratingé ¢Õß ª√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“‰¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√‰ªÕ¬à“߉√ ºŸâ‡¢’¬π À«—ß«à“∑à“πºŸâÕà“π∫∑§«“¡π’ȧ߉¥â√—∫ª√–‚¬™πå ·≈–π” ¡“„™â°—∫ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬µ“¡§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡‰¥â

‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1. ‡Õ° “√ Green Building Rating System (LEED-NC), U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC),  À√— ∞ Õ‡¡√‘ ° “ ®“° website :www.usgbc.org 2. çASHRAE GreenGuideé, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., David L. Grumman, Editor, Atlanta, Ga.30329, U.S.A., 2003. 3. çGreen Building Rating Systems : An Overviewé, Dr. Krishnan Gowri, ASHRAE Journal, November 2004, Page 56-60.