Govt 328 Syllabus

GOVT 328: Political Movements in Latin America Dr. Lisa-Mari Centeno [email protected] Office Hours: T,Th: 11:00-1:00 and by appointment ES 332, 719-587-7923 This course examines recent trends in Latin American social/political movements including causes, strategies, outcomes, changes and effects on the larger political landscape. Throughout the semester Students will: •

Recognize and critically assess historical, cultural, economic and political factors that give rise to Latin political movements.

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Analyze the ideologies, goals, techniques, successes and failures of specific Latin American political movements;

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Demonstrate in-depth research and compose individual scholarship on one of the topics presented throughout the semester. Required Texts:

Eckstein, Susan Eva and Manuel A. Garreton Merino (eds.). 2001. Power and Popular Protest: Latin American Social Movements. Los Angeles. University of California Press. Hershberg, Eric and Fred Rosen (eds.). 2006. Latin America After Neo-Liberalism: Turning the Tide in the 21st Century. New York. The New Press. Additional readings are available online, or on EBSCO (library database) COURSE REQUIREMENTS (Total = 100%) Discussion Questions 25% (5 at 5% each) Essays 45% (3 at 15% each) Movement Presentation 15% Political Art presentation: 15% Discussion questions (5 at 5% each): Students will prepare two typed discussion questions for each section of readings. Questions should indicate that the reading was 1

completed. In other words, asking what the author’s point was is not an acceptable question. These exercises will be graded based on depth. Requirements: • Stapled if necessary, double-spaced with one-inch margins, and typed in a 12-point font. * Students presenting a movement for a section are not required to complete discussion questions for that section. Essays (3 at 15% each): Students will craft analytical essays addressing the following questions/issues: Essay 1: Due on 2/12 • Discuss Terry Lynn Karl’s piece “The Vicious Cycle of Inequality in Latin America.” Do you agree with Karl’s argument regarding the origins and perpetuation of the cycle? Why or why not? OR •

Marc Edelman states that the “rise of transnational peasant movements draws on a deep, historical reservoir of moral economic sensibilities…” Explain the concept of “moral economy” and whether or not you agree with Edelman’s position.

Essay 2: Due on 4/3 • Critique liberation theology as both a theoretical and practical force in Latin America. OR •

According to Timothy Wickham-Crowley’s piece “Winners, Losers, and Also-Rans: Toward a Comparative Sociology of Latin American Guerrilla Movements,” what makes for successful Latin American guerrilla movements? Do you agree with Wickham-Crowley’s model? Why or why not?

Essay 3: Due on the scheduled day of Finals Week • Identity (“new”) movements are often considered conceptually and practically distinct from traditional (“old”) economic and political interest 2

movements. Explain the concept of identity as it pertains to contemporary Women’s, Indigenous and Afro-Latin movements. Discuss whether or not you believe these “new” movements are distinct from “old” movements. Requirements: • Stapled, double-spaced with one-inch margins, and typed in a 12-point font. • Length of 3-4 pages text (does not include reference page). • Page numbers. • Minimum of 2 scholarly references. • Submission to Turnitin.com. The course number is 2120312 . The password is centeno (lower case). ** Students may rewrite one essay in order to improve the grade. Late essays are not eligible for the rewrite option. Movement Presentation (15%): Students will present one political movement relating to one of the sections of the course. Sign up sheet will be provided. Requirements: • Visual aid (poster, power point or brochure, etc.). • Typed Reference Page. **** Students presenting a movement for a section are not required to complete discussion questions for that section. Political Art Presentation (15%): Students, working in groups, will present a 10 minute political analysis of Latin American art (visual, literary, or musical). Requirements: • Visual aid (poster, power point or brochure, etc.). • Typed Reference Page.

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Schedule 1/15-1/24:

Introduction To read and discuss: • Chapter 1, “Power and Popular Protest in L.A.” in Power and Popular Protest. • Chapter 6, “Latin America: Persistent Inequality” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism. • Chapter 9, “The Politics of Memory” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism. Discussion Questions due on 1/24

1/29-2/7:

Rural movements To read and discuss: • Chapter 3 “Peasant Struggles” in Power and Popular Protest. • Petras, James. 2005. “The Centrality of Peasant Movements in Latin America: Achievements and Limitations.” Synthesis/Regeneration, v. 38. Online at http://www.greens.org/s-r/38/38-10.html • Edelman, Marc. 2005. “Bringing the Moral Economy back in . . . to The Study of 21st-Century Transnational Peasant Movements.” American Anthropologist, Vol. 7,3. To be distributed Class canceled on 1/31 for Focus the Nation Teach-In Those assigned to Rural movements will present on 2/5 Discussion Questions due on 2/7

2/12-2/21:

Labor movements To read and discuss: • Chapter 5: “Cultural resistance and Class Consciousness” in Power and Popular Protest text. • Novelli, Mario. 2004. “Globalisations, Social Movements, Unionism and New Internationalisms: the Role of Strategic Learning in the Transformation of the Municipal Workers Union of EMCALI 1.” Globalisation, Societies & Education, Vol. 2,2. • Chapter 14: “Labor and the Challenge of Cross-Border, Cross4

Essay 1 due Sector on 2/12Alliance” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism. Those assigned to Labor movements will present on 2/14 Discussion Questions due on 2/21 2/26-3/4:

Liberation Theology To read and discuss:  Chapter 6: “Religion and Popular Protest….” In Power and Popular Protest.  Girardi, Girulio, 2000. “Liberation Theology: Cry of the Excluded.” Available online at: http://movimientos.org/show_text.php3?key=195 Discussion Questions due on 3/4

3/6-3/18:

Revolutionary Movements To read and discuss: • Chapter 2: “Sendero Luminoso…” in Power and Popular Protest. • Chapter 4: “Winners, Losers and Also Rans….” in Power and Popular Protest. • Chapter 11: “The Left in South America” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism. • Cusicanqui, Silvia Rivera. 2004. “The Roots of Rebellion II.” NACLA Report on the Americas, Vol. 38, 3. Available via EbscoHost (Library online database)

Those assigned to Revolutionary movements will present on 3/18 Discussion Questions due on 3/20

3/25-4/1:

Women’s Movements To read and discuss: • Chapter 7: “The Personal is Political” in Power and Popular Protest.. 5

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Burton, Barbara. 2004. “The Transmigration of Rights: Women, Movement, and the Grassroots in Latin American and Caribbean Communities.” Development and Change, 35,4. Available via EbscoHost (Library online database) Chapter 12: “De Protesta a Propuesta” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism.

Those assigned to Women’s movements will present on 3/27 Discussion Questions due on 4/1

4/3-4/15:

The Politics of Difference; Ethnic movements To read and discuss: • Chapter 13: “Negotiating Multicultural Citizenship” in Latin America After Neo-Liberalism. • Houghton, Juan and Beverly Bell. 2004. “Latin American Indigenous Movements in the Context of Globalization.” Available online at: http://iiyc.resist.ca/la_globalization • Loperena, Gabriel. 2004. “Marginal Power Latin American Indigenous Revival.” Harvard International Review. Available online at: http://hir.harvard.edu/articles/1242/ • Thorne, Eva T. 2001. “Ethnic and Race-Based Political Organization and Mobilization in Latin America:Lessons for Public Policy.” Submitted at the Dialogue on Race, Ethnicity and Inclusion. Washington DC. InterAmerican Development Bank. Available online at: http://www.thedialogue.org/iac/eng/pubs/documents/Ethnica ndRaceBasedPoliticalOrganization.pdf • Wade, Peter. “Cimarron: Afro-Colombian Mobilization.” Available Online at: http://diaspora.northwestern.edu/mbin/WebObjects/Di asporaX.woa/wa/displayArticle?atomid=689 Essay 2 Due on 4/3 Those assigned to Ethnic movements will present on 4/15 Discussion Questions due on 4/15

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4/17-5/1: Art as Politics/ Politics as Art Class canceled 4/22-4/24. Use this time to work on Political Art projects. Political Art presentations on 4/29 and 5/1

5/6—5/9:

Finals Week • Film to be determined Essay 3 due on the scheduled final day

Writing Standards Please see the HGP Writing Assessment Rubric at: http://faculty.adams.edu/~ercrowth/hgprubric.htm •

All papers must be typed in a 12-point font, double-spaced with one-inch margins and stapled.

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The spell-check is not a substitute for proofreading. Points will be deducted for sloppy writing.

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Non-scholarly sources, with the exception of newspaper articles and organizational websites (such as that of the WTO), will not be accepted. Internet sources should come from sites with URLs ending in .gov or .edu. Avoid .com sites with the exception of some online journals such as foreignpolicy.com. Never use the dictionary or encyclopedia (including Wikipedia) as a source.

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Plagiarism is a serious offense. According to the College Handbook: “All students are expected to practice academic honesty. [He/she] should refrain from any form of cheating, plagiarism, or knowingly furnishing false information to the College” (42). Therefore:

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Any phrases, paraphrases, terms, concepts, facts and/or figures applied from other sources must be cited correctly. All phrases or sentences that are not in your own words must be in quotation marks. Sources must be cited within the text and included in a reference page at the end of your work. Please see the College’s definition of plagiarism at http://www2.adams.edu/library/plagiarism/plagiarism.php Plagiarism will result in a failing grade for the assignment. Second, or more serious first offenses will result in a failing grade for the course and notification sent to the Provost.

Citation format: I require the citation format used by the American Political Science Association (APSA). If you have questions about formatting please ask. Do not use MLA or other citation formats. Below is a sample paragraph of the format I require. Note the parenthetical citations within the text: Excerpt from: McCormick, John P. 2006. “Contain the Wealthy and Patrol the Magistrates: Restoring Elite Accountability to Popular Government.” American Political Science Review 100(2): 148-164. Ancient democracies assumed that law and public policy would not express the common good unless large numbers of nonwealthy citizens participated in government by holding office themselves. Wealthy citizens, despite promises to the contrary, were expected to pursue their own interests, and not those of the general populace on ascension to office—–a danger exacerbated in electoral systems where the wealthy monopolize offices. To avoid the “aristocratic effect” of election (Manin 1997, 42–93), ancient democracies assigned most magistracies by citizen-wide lotteries or “sortitions” and observed frequent rotation in office (Hansen 1991, 230–31; cf. Duxbury 1999). In keeping with the egalitarian aspirations and distrust of oligarchy characterizing such regimes (Ober 1993), lottery conducted over the entire citizenry ensured that the wealthy and notable would have little chance of governing to an extent exceeding their percentage of the citizenry; it guaranteed that offices would be distributed randomly 8

among all classes. Moreover, the regular and frequent turnover of office ensured that wealthy magistrates could deploy their greater financial resources neither to ensconce themselves in an office nor to influence or determine the appointment of like-minded or similarly interested successors. As straightforward sortition became increasingly rare in Western popular governments, republics attempted to ameliorate the aristocratic effect of elections and ensure wider distribution of offices in two alternate ways: by combining election with lottery-like randomization measures and/or by establishing class-specific eligibility stipulations for specific offices. _______________________________________ References Allen, Danielle S. 2000. The World of Prometheus: The Politics of Punishment in Democratic Athens. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Adams, John. [1790] 1805. Discourses on Davila. In The Works of John Adams, ed. C. F. Adams. Boston, MA:Massachusetts Historical Society, 280–304. Aristotle. 1997. In ThePolitics,Trans. and ed. P.L. P. Simpson. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. Arnold, Douglas A. 1993. “Can Inattentive Citizens Control Their Elected Representatives?” In Congress Reconsidered, ed. L. Dodd and B. Oppenheimer. Washington, DC: Congress Quarterly Press. Wantchekon, Leonard. 2004. “The Paradox of ‘Warlord’ Democracy.” American Political Science Review 98 (1): 17–34. _____________________________________ *To cite a website: Within the text: (Author date (if available), page number (if available)) For example: (CIA 2006, 2) 9

I understand that in many cases a page number will not be available. Do your best to adhere to this model as much as possible. In the Reference Page: Author. Date (if available). “Title in quotation marks.” Organization or publisher. Date accessed. URL For example: CIA World Factbook. 2006. “Venezuela.” Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed December 20, 2006. https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ve.html ________________________________________ All direct quotes must be contained within quotation marks and cited properly. Quotes longer than 4 lines should be single spaced, indented and in a 10 pt. font. For example: Benjamin Barber argues that the forces of globalization and localization are simultaneous, parallel processes. He describes the dynamics of globalization as: “…being borne in on us by the onrush of economic and ecological forces that demand integration and uniformity and that mesmerize the world with fast music, fast computers, and fast food—with MTV, Macintosh, and McDonald’s, pressing nations into one commercially homogenous global network: one McWorld tied together by technology, ecology, communications, and commerce. The planet is falling precipitately apart AND coming reluctantly together at the very same moment.” (1992, 1).

Additional Information: •

Tardiness: DON’T BE LATE!! If some unavoidable situation (alien abduction, etc.) forces you to be late please do not disturb the rest of the class as you enter. Perpetual tardiness will be penalized with a 3% reduction of the final grade for each infraction.

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All written assignments are due on their respective due dates at the beginning of class. o Penalties for late assignments:  Absence and assignment submitted at end of class: Deduction of one letter grade.  Further deduction of one letter grade after each 24 hour period. 10

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Constructive discussion in an academic setting requires respectful conduct. Please turn off cell phones and beepers while in class (see me for exceptions). Do not engage in private conversations, read the newspaper, or study for another class while I or another student has the floor.

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You are advised to keep copies of all your graded work in the event of calculation errors. Grades cannot be changed without proof of error.

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