Gold
TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS 8th May, 2009
Ghalla Bhansali Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd. Mahesh Babaria
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Mittal Dharod
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Market capitalization is a measurement of corporate or economic size equal to the share price times the number of shares outstanding of a public company. As owning stock represents owning the company, including all its equity, capitalization could represent the public opinion of a companyʹs net worth and is a determining factor in stock valuation. Likewise, the capitalization of stock markets or economic regions may be compared to other economic indicators. The total market capitalization of all publicly traded companies in the world was US$51.2 trillion in January 2007 and rose as high as US$57.5 trillion in May 2008 before dropping below US$50 trillion in August 2008 and slightly above US$40 trillion in September 2008. As of March 2009 it is around US$30 trillion. The following is a list of top 10 stock exchanges having the greatest market capitalization along with the position of our Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange. Domestic Market Capitalization (USD millions) Rank
(Market value excludes investment funds) Exchange Cur. Mar‐09
Share(%)
1
NYSE Euronext (US)
USD
7945719.23
26.67
2
Tokyo SE
JPY
2610655.17
8.76
3
NASDAQ OMX
USD
2261712.96
7.59
4
Shanghai SE
CNY
1862672.10
6.25
5
NYSE Euronext (Europe)
EUR
1811968.06
6.08
6
London SE
GBP
1676219.21
5.63
7
Hong Kong Exchanges
HKD
1306754.02
4.39
8
TSX Group
CAD
1001229.73
3.36
9
Deutsche Börse
EUR
900680.89
3.02
10
BME Spanish Exchanges
EUR
831282.04
2.79
14
Bombay Stock Exchange
INR
610197.90
2.05
15
National Stock Exchange India
INR
572653.30
1.92
Total
29790283.13
100.00
The following is an introduction of top 5 of public companies having the greatest market capitalization in the world as of 31st March 2009. Market capitalization is calculated from the share price (as recorded on selected day) multiplied by the number of shares issued. Figures are converted into USD (using rate from selected day) to allow comparison. 1
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS
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8th May, 2009
ExxonMobil Country : United States Sector : Oil & gas Market Value : $m 336,524.9 The Exxon Mobil Corporation, or ExxonMobil, is an American oil and gas corporation. It is a direct descendant of John D. Rockefellerʹs Standard Oil company, formed on November 30, 1999, by the merger of Exxon and Mobil. ExxonMobil is the worldʹs largest publicly traded company when measured by either revenue or market capitalization. Exxon Mobilʹs reserves were 72 billion oil‐equivalent barrels at the end of 2007 and, at current rates of production, are expected to last over 14 years. The company has 38 oil refineries in 21 countries constituting a combined daily refining capacity of 6.3 million barrels. While it is the largest of the six oil supermajors with daily production of 3.921 million BOE (barrels of oil equivalent) in 2008, this is only approximately 3% of world production and ExxonMobilʹs daily production is surpassed by several of the largest state‐owned petroleum companies. When ranked by oil and gas reserves it is 14th in the world with less than 1% of the total. The Exxon Mobil Corporation global headquarters are located in Irving, Texas. ExxonMobil markets products around the world under the brands of Exxon, Mobil, and Esso. It also owns hundreds of smaller subsidiaries such as Imperial Oil Limited (69.6% ownership) in Canada, and SeaRiver Maritime, a petroleum shipping company. ExxonMobil has been accused by major scientific organizations of waging a misinformation campaign aiming to create uncertainty on the issue of global warming. The current Chairman of the Board and CEO of Exxon Mobil Corporation is Rex Tillerson. Tillerson assumed the top position on January 1, 2006, on the retirement of long‐time chairman and CEO, Lee Raymond, who received a retirement and severance package of approximately $400 million USD, of which some were critical.
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS
Ghalla Bhansali Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
8th May, 2009
PetroChina Country China Sector : Oil & gas Market Value : $m 287,185.2 PetroChina Company, Limited is a Chinese oil company and is the listed arm of state‐owned China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), mainland Chinaʹs biggest producer of oil. Traded in Hong Kong and New York, the mainland enterprise announced its plans to issue stock in Shanghai in November 2007, and following its debut on the Shanghai index, its market value tripled. PetroChina overnight became the first company with a trillion dollar market cap. Similarly, a century earlier, U.S. Steel was the first company with a billion dollar market cap. PetroChina was established as a joint stock company with limited liabilities under the Company Law of the Peopleʹs Republic of China (the PRC) on November 5, 1999, as part of the restructuring of CNPC. In the restructuring, CNPC injected into PetroChina most of the assets and liabilities of CNPC relating to its exploration and production, refining and marketing, chemicals and natural gas businesses. Because of its link to Sudan through parent company CNPC, several institutional investors such as Harvard and Yale decided, in 2005, to divest from Sinopec. Sudan divestment efforts have continued to be concentrated on PetroChina since then. Fidelity Investments, after pressure from activist groups, also announced in a filing in the US that it had sold 91 per cent of its American Depositary Receipts in PetroChina in the first quarter of 2007. At the beginning of May 2007, the company announced it had made Chinaʹs largest oil find in a decade off the countryʹs northeast coast, in an oilfield named Jidong Nanpu in Bohai Bay.
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS 8th May, 2009
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Wal-Mart Country : US Sector : General retailers Market Value : $m 204,364.8 Wal‐Mart Stores, Inc. is an American public corporation that runs a chain of large, discount department stores. It is the worldʹs largest public corporation by revenue, according to the 2008 Fortune Global 500. Founded by Sam Walton in 1962, it was incorporated on October 31, 1969, and listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972. Wal‐mart is the largest private employer in the world[citation needed] and the largest grocery retailer in the United States, with an estimated 20% of the retail grocery and consumables business. It also owns and operates the North American company, Samʹs Club. Wal‐Mart operates in Mexico as Walmex, in the UK as Asda, and in Japan as Seiyu. It has wholly owned operations in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and Puerto Rico. Wal‐Martʹs investments outside North America have had mixed results: its operations in South America and China are highly successful, while it was forced to pull out of Germany and South Korea when ventures there were unsuccessful. Wal‐Mart has been criticized by some community groups, womenʹs rights groups, grassroots organizations, and labor unions, specifically for its extensive foreign product sourcing, low rates of employee health insurance enrollment, resistance to union representation, alleged sexism, and management efforts to pressure employees to vote for specific parties during national elections. Conversely, others point out that Wal‐Martʹs rapid growth and logistical efficiency has enabled it to bring lower prices to consumers and more jobs and new small businesses to the communities in which it operates.
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS
Ghalla Bhansali Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
8th May, 2009
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Country : China Sector : Banks Market Value : $m 187,885.4 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) is the largest bank in the world. It is one of Chinaʹs ʺBig Fourʺ state‐owned commercial banks (the other three being the Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, and China Construction Bank). It is the largest bank in the world in terms of market value and one of the worldʹs top ten banks by assets. It was founded as a limited company on 1 January 1984. As of 2006, it had assets of RMB 7,055 billion (US$893 billion), with over 18,000 outlets including 106 overseas branches and agents globally. In July 2007, with a market capitalization of US$254 billion, it became the worldʹs most valuable bank after a surge in its share price, overtaking Citigroup. ICBC was simultaneously listed on both the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and Shanghai Stock Exchange on 27 October 2006. It was the worldʹs largest IPO to date, surpassing the previous record US$18.4 billion IPO by Japanʹs NTT DoCoMo in 1998. China’s largest commercial bank is also the first company to debut simultaneously on both the Hong Kong and Shanghai stock exchanges. ICBC raised at least US$14 billion in Hong Kong (H‐shares) and another US$5.1 billion in Shanghai (A‐shares). Due to heavy subscriptions, the greenshoe (i.e. over‐allotment) placements were exercised and ICBCʹs take rose to US$21.9 billion (17% of ICBCʹs market value before the IPO), divided in US$16 billion in Hong Kong and US$5.9 billion in Shanghai. Following the global offering, the free float of shares was 22.14% of the market capitalization.
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS 8th May, 2009
Ghalla Bhansali Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
China Mobile Country : China Sector : Mobile telecommunications Market Value : $m 174,672.9 China Mobile Communications Corporation also known as China Mobile or CMCC, is the largest mobile phone operator in China. A state‐ owned enterprise of the Peopleʹs Republic of China government, it was spun off from former monopoly China Telecom in 1997, and now has a 67.5% share of the competitive mainland Chinese mobile market. China Mobile also owns Paktel in Pakistan, and in May 2008 the company also took over China Tietong, the third largest broadband ISP in China. China Mobile is the largest company registered in Hong Kong and it is headquartered on Queenʹs Road. It is also the largest market capital company listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, surpassing HSBC.China Mobileʹs operations are segmented by province. The parent company owns 100 percent interest in provincial subsidiaries including China Mobile Group Guangdong Company Limited and China Mobile Group Zhejiang. In April, 2008, China Mobile started testing of the third generation (3G) of mobile communication in eight cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang and Xiamen), using the Chinese standard TD‐SCDMA (Time Division‐Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access). Very few test results, however, have been available publicly. On May 23, 2008, the company was reported to have announced its acquisition of China Tietong in the wave of industry consolidation changes.On 7 January, 2009, China Mobile was awarded TD‐SCDMA license to expand its business to 3G telecommunication.
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TOP FIVE GLOBAL GIANTS
Ghalla Bhansali Stock Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
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