Getting Out Of The Red And Into The Green: A
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Getting Out of the Red and into the Green: A Review of Environmental Procurement in the Vivarium Jim Wallace, Director, Science Associates UK Tom Mistretta, AIA Vice President, Principal Laboratory Planner, HDR CUH2A
Science Associates©
Facility Waste & Recycling Waste Bedding • Issues – Disposal costs more than product – Regulatory controls – Processing/contaminated wastes – Processing/allergen exposure from waste bedding/cages – Storage
Science Associates©
Contributions to impact: Reusable % 100
100
100
100
-1,7
-3,22
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10
-3,83
-0,68
-3,44
-5,5
-8,38
-1,44
-4,26
-20 -26,6
-30 energy ciclo completo
global w arming (GWP100) prodotto finito
ozone layer depletion (ODP) 1ivc usata
Production
human toxicity
fresh w ater aquatic ecotox.
2ivc usata svuot. lettiera
marine aquatic ecotoxicity
3ivc usata lavaggio
Ventilation
Analizzando 1 p materiale 'ciclo completo'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
terrestrial ecotoxicity
4ivc usata sterilizz
photochemical oxidation
5fine vita
Sterilization
Science Associates©
acidification
eutrophicat
% 100
100
Contributions to impact: Reusable 100
100
- 1 ,7
-3 ,2 2
100
100
100
1 00
100
1 00
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -1 0
-3 ,8 3
- 0 ,6 8
- 3 ,4 4
- 5 ,5
- 8,3 8
- 1,4 4
- 4 ,2 6
-2 0 - 2 6 ,6
-3 0 energy c ic lo c o mple to
g lo b a l w a r ming o z o n e la y e r d e p le tion h u ma n to x ic ity ( G W P1 0 0 ) ( O DP) p r od o tto f in ito
1 iv c u s a ta
f r e s h w a te r a q u a tic ma r ine a qu a tic e c o to x . e c o to x ic ity
2iv c u s a ta s v u ot. le ttie3r iv a c u s a ta la v a g g io
te r r e s tr ia l e c o to x ic ity p h o to c h e mic a l o x id a tion
4 iv c u s a ta s te r iliz z
A n a liz z a n d o 1 p ma ter ia le 'c ic lo c o mp le to '; Meto d o : CML 2 ba s e line 2 0 0 0 + r aw n uo v o 2 n e tto / W e s t Eu r op e , 1 9 9 5 / Ca r a tter iz z az io n e
Production
5f in e v ita
Ventilation Science Associates©Sterilisation
ac id if ic a tio n
e u tr op h ic
Contributions to Impact: Disposable % 100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-2,69
-3,67
f resh w ater aquatic ecotox.
marine aquatic ecotoxicity
100
100
100
-0,936
-0,242
-0,389
terrestrial ecotoxicity
photochemical oxidation
acidif ication
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -1,1
-1,34 -10 energy
global w arming (GWP100)
ciclo di vita monouso
IV C monouso
ozone layer depletion (ODP) Electricity Italy
human toxicity
Landf ill Plastics (excl. PV C)Incin. Plastics (excl. PV C)
A nalizzando 1 p materiale 'ciclo di vita monouso'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
Production
Ventilation Science Associates©
eutrophicatio
% 100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99,3
100
100
100
90 82,6 80 71,6
73,6
70 62,7 60 49,5
50 43,8
38,8
40 32,4 30 18,3
20
10
0 energy ciclo completo
global w arming (GWP100)
oz one lay er depletion (ODP)
human toxicity
f resh w ater aquatic ecotox .
marine aquatic ecotoxic ity
terres trial ecotoxicity
photochemical oxidation
cic lo di vita monouso
Conf ronto di 1 p materiale 'c iclo completo' con 1 p materiale 'ciclo di vita monous o'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
Reusable
Disposable
Science Associates©
acidif ication
eutrophic
Conclusions :Life Cycle Assessment • Use phase impacts are most important in the re-usable system; • Production impacts dominate for disposable system • Life cycle of re-usable system cuts -Climate impacts at least 50% reduced – Fossil fuel consumption reduced by 60% Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging
=
Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging X 60,000,000/day
X 60,000,000/day
=
Science Associates©
X 2,860,000/day
Facility Design Disposable Caging 10,000,000/year 3 mice/cage change cage 1/10 days
Science Associates©
338,000/day
•
Environmental Procurement Considerations Human Health Impacts –Toxicological –Non-toxicological –Work environment
Missing: Social impacts Production equipment
• Resources
Other factors to difficult to quantify
–Water –Land –Energy and materials –Global warming potential
• Ecological Consequences –Ozone depletion –Eutrophication –Photo-oxidant formation –Ecotoxicological –Acidification –Habitat alterations Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging Disposable Caging
Recyclable Caging
Science Associates©
Science Associates©
Facility Waste & Recycling Waste Bedding • Issues – Disposal costs more than product – Regulatory controls – Processing/contaminated wastes – Processing/allergen exposure from waste bedding/cages – Storage
Science Associates©
Contributions to impact: Reusable % 100
100
100
100
-1,7
-3,22
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10
-3,83
-0,68
-3,44
-5,5
-8,38
-1,44
-4,26
-20 -26,6
-30 energy ciclo completo
global w arming (GWP100) prodotto finito
ozone layer depletion (ODP) 1ivc usata
Production
human toxicity
fresh w ater aquatic ecotox.
2ivc usata svuot. lettiera
marine aquatic ecotoxicity
3ivc usata lavaggio
Ventilation
Analizzando 1 p materiale 'ciclo completo'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
terrestrial ecotoxicity
4ivc usata sterilizz
photochemical oxidation
5fine vita
Sterilization
Science Associates©
acidification
eutrophicat
% 100
100
Contributions to impact: Reusable 100
100
- 1 ,7
-3 ,2 2
100
100
100
1 00
100
1 00
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -1 0
-3 ,8 3
- 0 ,6 8
- 3 ,4 4
- 5 ,5
- 8,3 8
- 1,4 4
- 4 ,2 6
-2 0 - 2 6 ,6
-3 0 energy c ic lo c o mple to
g lo b a l w a r ming o z o n e la y e r d e p le tion h u ma n to x ic ity ( G W P1 0 0 ) ( O DP) p r od o tto f in ito
1 iv c u s a ta
f r e s h w a te r a q u a tic ma r ine a qu a tic e c o to x . e c o to x ic ity
2iv c u s a ta s v u ot. le ttie3r iv a c u s a ta la v a g g io
te r r e s tr ia l e c o to x ic ity p h o to c h e mic a l o x id a tion
4 iv c u s a ta s te r iliz z
A n a liz z a n d o 1 p ma ter ia le 'c ic lo c o mp le to '; Meto d o : CML 2 ba s e line 2 0 0 0 + r aw n uo v o 2 n e tto / W e s t Eu r op e , 1 9 9 5 / Ca r a tter iz z az io n e
Production
5f in e v ita
Ventilation Science Associates©Sterilisation
ac id if ic a tio n
e u tr op h ic
Contributions to Impact: Disposable % 100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-2,69
-3,67
f resh w ater aquatic ecotox.
marine aquatic ecotoxicity
100
100
100
-0,936
-0,242
-0,389
terrestrial ecotoxicity
photochemical oxidation
acidif ication
100
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -1,1
-1,34 -10 energy
global w arming (GWP100)
ciclo di vita monouso
IV C monouso
ozone layer depletion (ODP) Electricity Italy
human toxicity
Landf ill Plastics (excl. PV C)Incin. Plastics (excl. PV C)
A nalizzando 1 p materiale 'ciclo di vita monouso'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
Production
Ventilation Science Associates©
eutrophicatio
% 100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99,3
100
100
100
90 82,6 80 71,6
73,6
70 62,7 60 49,5
50 43,8
38,8
40 32,4 30 18,3
20
10
0 energy ciclo completo
global w arming (GWP100)
oz one lay er depletion (ODP)
human toxicity
f resh w ater aquatic ecotox .
marine aquatic ecotoxic ity
terres trial ecotoxicity
photochemical oxidation
cic lo di vita monouso
Conf ronto di 1 p materiale 'c iclo completo' con 1 p materiale 'ciclo di vita monous o'; Metodo: CML 2 baseline 2000+raw nuovo2 netto / West Europe, 1995 / Caratterizzazione
Reusable
Disposable
Science Associates©
acidif ication
eutrophic
Conclusions :Life Cycle Assessment • Use phase impacts are most important in the re-usable system; • Production impacts dominate for disposable system • Life cycle of re-usable system cuts -Climate impacts at least 50% reduced – Fossil fuel consumption reduced by 60% Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging
=
Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging X 60,000,000/day
X 60,000,000/day
=
Science Associates©
X 2,860,000/day
Facility Design Disposable Caging 10,000,000/year 3 mice/cage change cage 1/10 days
Science Associates©
338,000/day
•
Environmental Procurement Considerations Human Health Impacts –Toxicological –Non-toxicological –Work environment
Missing: Social impacts Production equipment
• Resources
Other factors to difficult to quantify
–Water –Land –Energy and materials –Global warming potential
• Ecological Consequences –Ozone depletion –Eutrophication –Photo-oxidant formation –Ecotoxicological –Acidification –Habitat alterations Science Associates©
Facility Design Disposable Caging Disposable Caging
Recyclable Caging
Science Associates©
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