Foreign exchange risk management
11/21/09
Risk management - Kevin
Foreign exchange risk: meaning
Value of a currency changes frequently Affects firms engaged in international transactions Assets, liabilities and cash flows are affected through changes in exchange rates Possibility of unfavourable changes Risk
11/21/09
Risk management - Kevin
Types of risk/ exposure
Accounting/ translation exposure: financial statements Economic exposure: cash flows
11/21/09
Transaction exposure: present cash flows Real operating exposure: future cash flows
Risk management - Kevin
Translation exposure
Occurs on consolidation of financial statements of different units of MNCs When the value of currency of a subsidiary changes, its translated value in the domestic currency of the parent company changes This change represents translation exposure It is only an accounting exposure
11/21/09
Risk management - Kevin
Transaction exposure
Impact of exchange rate fluctuations on present cash flows From transactions already entered into
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Export and imort Borrowing and lending in foreign currency Intra firm fund flow in an international company
Risk management - Kevin
Real operating exposure
Changes in exchange rates alter future operating revenues and cost streams of a company Changes in future cash flows from changes in exchange rates - real operating exposure
11/21/09
Risk management - Kevin
Foreign exchange risk: techniques of management
Transaction risk (short term):
Real operating risk (long term):
Hedging using currency forwards or futures Adaptation in production and marketing strategy (plant location, input mixing, input sourcing, market selection, product planning, pricing, etc )
Translation risk: accounting risk
11/21/09
Risk management - Kevin