Fire Prevention.ppt
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Good Afternoon Everybody !! By: Sachin K. Thorat 25/10/2008
Fire Prevention
and Fire fighting 25/10/2008
What we are going to Learn ?
What “fire” is? Classifications of fire. Leading fire causes. Types of portable fire extinguishers. Limitations of portable fire extinguishers Precautions to be taken while fire fighting Making the “right” decision. How to use a portable fire extinguisher ?
25/10/2008
What is Fire?
A rapid chemical reaction. The self-sustaining process of rapid oxidation of a fuel, which produces heat and light. 25/10/2008
Fire Triangle Extinguishment Theory • Removing Heat • Removing Fuel • Reducing Oxygen WILL
• Inhibit Chemical Chain Reaction 25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class A or Ordinary Combustibles
This includes fuels such as wood,paper, plastic, rubber, and cloth.
Green Triangle 25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class B or Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases This includes all hydrocarbon and alcohol based liquids and gases that will support combustion.
25/10/2008
Red Square
Classification of Fire Class C or Electrical This includes all fires involving energized electrical equipment.
Blue Circle
25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class D or Combustible Metals
Examples of these types of metals are: zirconium, titanium, potassium, and magnesium.
D Yellow Star
25/10/2008
Some Causes of Fire ? Electricity Improper Storage Housekeeping Space Heaters Cleaning Supplies Construction Flammable Liquids Combustible Liquids Machinery Unattended Cooking Careless smoking
Prevention is the best way to fight a fire! 25/10/2008
Different Types of Extinguishers The
common type of fire extinguishers :
Pressurized Water Carbon Dioxide Dry Chemical Powder ABC Mechanical Foam 25/10/2008
Limitations Water / Foam extinguisher
30-40 ft.
Dry chemical
5-20 ft.
8-25 sec.
CO2 extinguisher
3-8 ft.
8-30 sec.
25/10/2008
60 sec.
Type of Fire x Type of Fire Extinguishers
Type of Extinguisher
How It Works
A
Water
Reduces temperature
√
CO2
Displaces oxygen
Dry Chemical
Binds oxygen
Mech Foam Sand
Smothers fire
25/10/2008
√
B
C
D
NEVER
√ √ √
√ √ √
MAP
√
D C P FIRE EXTINGUISHER Safety Clip Discharge Hose
Inner Container
Nozzle / Squeeze Grip
Dry Chemical Powder (In main container) Co2 Cartridge (In inner container) 25/10/2008
Locking Pin
Control Valve
Safety Nut
Flexible High Pressure Hose
Siphon Tube
Discharge Horn
CO2 Gas CARBON DI OXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 25/10/2008
Squeeze Valve
Discharge Hose
Pressure Gauge
Siphon Tube Powder
Open Nozzle
ABC POWDER TYPE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 25/10/2008
‘Quick-Check’ Is It Ready To Use ? 1. Check the gauge. The pressure indicator should be in the green zone. (CO2 extinguishers do not have pressure gauges.) 2. The extinguisher should have a current inspection tag. 3. The pin and handle should be secured with a plastic tab seal. 4. The extinguisher and hose should be free of any visible damage. 25/10/2008
Making That “Right” Decision To use a Portable Fire Extinguisher You are trained in the use of extinguishers. You know what is burning.
Fire is not spreading rapidly. Smoke and heat has not filled the area. You have a clear path of escape. Follow your instincts.
25/10/2008
Precautions In your work area, know the location of: 1. The nearest emergency exit. 2. A secondary route of escape. 3. The location of fire extinguishers. 4. The location of fire alarm pull stations. 25/10/2008
Precautions
Never go into a unknown area to fight a fire.
25/10/2008
Storage Guidelines
All storage must be at least 3 ft from electrical panels. In some emergency situations it will be necessary to access these panels quickly.
Maintain at least a 3ft clearance from heating surfaces, air ducts, heaters, and lighting fixtures. Storage of combustible materials in mechanical rooms is prohibited.
Improper Storage in front of Electrical Panel
25/10/2008
Improper Mechanical Room Storage
Precautions
25/10/2008
Never allow the fire to get between you and a route to escape.
Precautions
25/10/2008
Stay upwind of to the fire.
Stay low, never try to work over top the fire.
Make sure your extinguisher can be used in an emergency.
The extinguisher should be mounted on the wall. The area in front of the extinguisher shall be clear. No obstructions The pressure gauge should be in the green zone The inspection tag should show that the extinguisher has been inspected
25/10/2008
Operation of the fire Extinguisher
Remember The Password P.A.S.S.
25/10/2008
P Pull the pin This will allow you to squeeze the handle in order to discharge the extinguisher 25/10/2008
A Aim at the base of
Aim the hose or nozzle.
fire Aiming at the middle will do no good. The agent will pass through the flames. 25/10/2008
S Squeeze the Handle / Lever.
Squeeze the handle This will release the pressurized extinguishing agent
25/10/2008
S
Sweep
25/10/2008
the agent.
You are not expected to be firefighters ! Do not take unnecessary risks! 25/10/2008
If you have any Queries / Questions? Contact EHS department at:
222 25/10/2008
Thank You All, For Your Presence & Patience,
Sachin K. Thorat 25/10/2008
Fire Prevention
and Fire fighting 25/10/2008
What we are going to Learn ?
What “fire” is? Classifications of fire. Leading fire causes. Types of portable fire extinguishers. Limitations of portable fire extinguishers Precautions to be taken while fire fighting Making the “right” decision. How to use a portable fire extinguisher ?
25/10/2008
What is Fire?
A rapid chemical reaction. The self-sustaining process of rapid oxidation of a fuel, which produces heat and light. 25/10/2008
Fire Triangle Extinguishment Theory • Removing Heat • Removing Fuel • Reducing Oxygen WILL
• Inhibit Chemical Chain Reaction 25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class A or Ordinary Combustibles
This includes fuels such as wood,paper, plastic, rubber, and cloth.
Green Triangle 25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class B or Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases This includes all hydrocarbon and alcohol based liquids and gases that will support combustion.
25/10/2008
Red Square
Classification of Fire Class C or Electrical This includes all fires involving energized electrical equipment.
Blue Circle
25/10/2008
Classification of Fire Class D or Combustible Metals
Examples of these types of metals are: zirconium, titanium, potassium, and magnesium.
D Yellow Star
25/10/2008
Some Causes of Fire ? Electricity Improper Storage Housekeeping Space Heaters Cleaning Supplies Construction Flammable Liquids Combustible Liquids Machinery Unattended Cooking Careless smoking
Prevention is the best way to fight a fire! 25/10/2008
Different Types of Extinguishers The
common type of fire extinguishers :
Pressurized Water Carbon Dioxide Dry Chemical Powder ABC Mechanical Foam 25/10/2008
Limitations Water / Foam extinguisher
30-40 ft.
Dry chemical
5-20 ft.
8-25 sec.
CO2 extinguisher
3-8 ft.
8-30 sec.
25/10/2008
60 sec.
Type of Fire x Type of Fire Extinguishers
Type of Extinguisher
How It Works
A
Water
Reduces temperature
√
CO2
Displaces oxygen
Dry Chemical
Binds oxygen
Mech Foam Sand
Smothers fire
25/10/2008
√
B
C
D
NEVER
√ √ √
√ √ √
MAP
√
D C P FIRE EXTINGUISHER Safety Clip Discharge Hose
Inner Container
Nozzle / Squeeze Grip
Dry Chemical Powder (In main container) Co2 Cartridge (In inner container) 25/10/2008
Locking Pin
Control Valve
Safety Nut
Flexible High Pressure Hose
Siphon Tube
Discharge Horn
CO2 Gas CARBON DI OXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 25/10/2008
Squeeze Valve
Discharge Hose
Pressure Gauge
Siphon Tube Powder
Open Nozzle
ABC POWDER TYPE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 25/10/2008
‘Quick-Check’ Is It Ready To Use ? 1. Check the gauge. The pressure indicator should be in the green zone. (CO2 extinguishers do not have pressure gauges.) 2. The extinguisher should have a current inspection tag. 3. The pin and handle should be secured with a plastic tab seal. 4. The extinguisher and hose should be free of any visible damage. 25/10/2008
Making That “Right” Decision To use a Portable Fire Extinguisher You are trained in the use of extinguishers. You know what is burning.
Fire is not spreading rapidly. Smoke and heat has not filled the area. You have a clear path of escape. Follow your instincts.
25/10/2008
Precautions In your work area, know the location of: 1. The nearest emergency exit. 2. A secondary route of escape. 3. The location of fire extinguishers. 4. The location of fire alarm pull stations. 25/10/2008
Precautions
Never go into a unknown area to fight a fire.
25/10/2008
Storage Guidelines
All storage must be at least 3 ft from electrical panels. In some emergency situations it will be necessary to access these panels quickly.
Maintain at least a 3ft clearance from heating surfaces, air ducts, heaters, and lighting fixtures. Storage of combustible materials in mechanical rooms is prohibited.
Improper Storage in front of Electrical Panel
25/10/2008
Improper Mechanical Room Storage
Precautions
25/10/2008
Never allow the fire to get between you and a route to escape.
Precautions
25/10/2008
Stay upwind of to the fire.
Stay low, never try to work over top the fire.
Make sure your extinguisher can be used in an emergency.
The extinguisher should be mounted on the wall. The area in front of the extinguisher shall be clear. No obstructions The pressure gauge should be in the green zone The inspection tag should show that the extinguisher has been inspected
25/10/2008
Operation of the fire Extinguisher
Remember The Password P.A.S.S.
25/10/2008
P Pull the pin This will allow you to squeeze the handle in order to discharge the extinguisher 25/10/2008
A Aim at the base of
Aim the hose or nozzle.
fire Aiming at the middle will do no good. The agent will pass through the flames. 25/10/2008
S Squeeze the Handle / Lever.
Squeeze the handle This will release the pressurized extinguishing agent
25/10/2008
S
Sweep
25/10/2008
the agent.
You are not expected to be firefighters ! Do not take unnecessary risks! 25/10/2008
If you have any Queries / Questions? Contact EHS department at:
222 25/10/2008
Thank You All, For Your Presence & Patience,
Sachin K. Thorat 25/10/2008
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