Faith1
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INTRODUCTION Reaction time (RT) is the elapsed time between the presentation of a sensory stimulus and the subsequent behavioral response. RT is often used in experimental psychology to measure the duration of mental operations, known as mental chronometry. The behavioral response is often a button press but can also be an eye movement, a vocal response, or some other observable behavior. Reaction time is the ability to respond quickly to a stimulus. It’s important in many sports and day to day activities, though it is not often measured. Simple reaction time is the time taken between a stimulus and movement e.g., sprint start. Such simple reaction time depends on nerve connections and signal pathways, is 'hard wired' in your body composition and cannot be improved. Another type of reaction time, choice reaction time, is the time taken between stimulus and action which requires a choice. Choice reaction time can be improved by practice and training. Reaction time itself is an inherent ability, but overall response time can be improved by practice. Coach and athletes need to analyze the type of skill and the requirements of their sport and decide where overall response gains can be made. Reaction time is the ability to respond quickly to a stimulus. It important in many sports and day to day activities, though it is not often measured. Simple reaction time is the time taken between a stimulus and movement e.g., sprint start. Such simple reaction time depends on nerve connections and signal pathways, is 'hard wired' in your body composition and cannot be improved. Another type of reaction time, choice reaction time, is the time taken between stimulus and action which requires a choice. Choice reaction time can be improved by practice and training.
METHODOLOGY This experiment aims to determine simple reaction time to touch. Handkerchief and stopwatch are required as materials in the experiment. The subject was blindfolded. After the experimenter said “ready”, he tapped the subject within half a second to 2 seconds and simultaneously started the stopwatch. When the subject perceived the touch, he tapped the table. The experimenter recorded the reaction time. Ten trials were made after in different parts of the body. The subject was a female. The students work in pairs. Blindfold the subject. The experimenter says “ready”, waits from ½ to 2 seconds before tapping the subject, and simultaneously starts the stopwatch. When the subject perceives the touch, he taps the table. The experimenter records the time of reaction. Ten trials should be made. RESULTS
0.9 0.8 0.7
time
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
1
reaction time 0.55
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.43
0.27
0.49
0.44
0.43
0.85
0.39
0.43
0.24
trial
Fig.1 Subject's Reaction Time
DISCUSSION The results that were gather from the process as shown in Figure 1 shows a longer reaction time on the first tap compared on the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. There was randomness in the reaction time of the subject because the subject was tapped in different parts of her body. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The 7 th tap showed the longest reaction time among the ten trials. Noise inside the room was also a factor that affected the reaction time. This was because the noise interfered with the attentiveness of the subject. The imprecision of the recorder also affected the results. Males were said to have faster reaction times than females. CONCLUSION The first tap showed a longer reaction time compared to the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The other factors that influence reaction time are: arousal. Age, gender, left versus right hand, warnings of impending stimuli, distraction, intelligence and environmental factors such as noise etc.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Barral, J. and B. Debu. 2004. Aiming in adults: Sex and laterality effects. Laterality: Assymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 9(3): 299-312. Barthélémy, S., and P. Boulinguez. 2001. Manual reaction time asymmetries in human subjects: the role of movement planning and attention. Neuroscience Letters 315(1): 41-44. Adam, J., F. Paas, M. Buekers, I. Wuyts, W. Spijkers and P. Wallmeyer. 1999. Gender differences in choice reaction time: evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics 42: 327. Ando, S., N. Kida and S. Oda. 2002. Practice effects on reaction time for peripheral and central visual fields. Perceptual and Motor Skills 95(3): 747-752.
REACTION TIME
Submitted by: Marija Jimmia Jeannefaith G. Garcia BS Psychology III-2 Submitted to: Ms. Sarmiento 29 September 2007
ABSTRACT Reaction time (RT) is the elapsed time between the presentation of a sensory stimulus and the subsequent behavioral response. RT is often used in experimental psychology to measure the duration of mental operations, known as mental chronometry. The behavioral response is often a button press but can also be an eye movement, a vocal response, or some other observable behavior. This experiment aims to determine simple reaction time to touch. Handkerchief and stopwatch are required as materials in the experiment. The subject was blindfolded. After the experimenter said “ready”, he tapped the subject within half a second to 2 seconds and simultaneously started the stopwatch. When the subject perceived the touch, he tapped the table. The experimenter recorded the reaction time. Ten trials were made after in different parts of the body. The subject was a female. There was randomness in the reaction time of the subject because the subject was tapped in different parts of her body. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The first tap showed a longer reaction time compared to the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds.
METHODOLOGY This experiment aims to determine simple reaction time to touch. Handkerchief and stopwatch are required as materials in the experiment. The subject was blindfolded. After the experimenter said “ready”, he tapped the subject within half a second to 2 seconds and simultaneously started the stopwatch. When the subject perceived the touch, he tapped the table. The experimenter recorded the reaction time. Ten trials were made after in different parts of the body. The subject was a female. The students work in pairs. Blindfold the subject. The experimenter says “ready”, waits from ½ to 2 seconds before tapping the subject, and simultaneously starts the stopwatch. When the subject perceives the touch, he taps the table. The experimenter records the time of reaction. Ten trials should be made. RESULTS
0.9 0.8 0.7
time
0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
1
reaction time 0.55
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.43
0.27
0.49
0.44
0.43
0.85
0.39
0.43
0.24
trial
Fig.1 Subject's Reaction Time
DISCUSSION The results that were gather from the process as shown in Figure 1 shows a longer reaction time on the first tap compared on the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. There was randomness in the reaction time of the subject because the subject was tapped in different parts of her body. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The 7 th tap showed the longest reaction time among the ten trials. Noise inside the room was also a factor that affected the reaction time. This was because the noise interfered with the attentiveness of the subject. The imprecision of the recorder also affected the results. Males were said to have faster reaction times than females. CONCLUSION The first tap showed a longer reaction time compared to the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The other factors that influence reaction time are: arousal. Age, gender, left versus right hand, warnings of impending stimuli, distraction, intelligence and environmental factors such as noise etc.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Barral, J. and B. Debu. 2004. Aiming in adults: Sex and laterality effects. Laterality: Assymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 9(3): 299-312. Barthélémy, S., and P. Boulinguez. 2001. Manual reaction time asymmetries in human subjects: the role of movement planning and attention. Neuroscience Letters 315(1): 41-44. Adam, J., F. Paas, M. Buekers, I. Wuyts, W. Spijkers and P. Wallmeyer. 1999. Gender differences in choice reaction time: evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics 42: 327. Ando, S., N. Kida and S. Oda. 2002. Practice effects on reaction time for peripheral and central visual fields. Perceptual and Motor Skills 95(3): 747-752.
REACTION TIME
Submitted by: Marija Jimmia Jeannefaith G. Garcia BS Psychology III-2 Submitted to: Ms. Sarmiento 29 September 2007
ABSTRACT Reaction time (RT) is the elapsed time between the presentation of a sensory stimulus and the subsequent behavioral response. RT is often used in experimental psychology to measure the duration of mental operations, known as mental chronometry. The behavioral response is often a button press but can also be an eye movement, a vocal response, or some other observable behavior. This experiment aims to determine simple reaction time to touch. Handkerchief and stopwatch are required as materials in the experiment. The subject was blindfolded. After the experimenter said “ready”, he tapped the subject within half a second to 2 seconds and simultaneously started the stopwatch. When the subject perceived the touch, he tapped the table. The experimenter recorded the reaction time. Ten trials were made after in different parts of the body. The subject was a female. There was randomness in the reaction time of the subject because the subject was tapped in different parts of her body. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds. The first tap showed a longer reaction time compared to the last tap. This is because the subject was aware that she would be tapped anytime. Reaction times are faster when the subject has been warned that a stimulus will arrive soon. This effect probably occurs because attention and muscular tension cannot be maintained at a high level for more than a few seconds.
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